iapt-platform
/
mint
-ын хуулбар https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="book">Visuddhimagga-mahāṭīkā</p>
<p class="subhead">(Paṭhamo bhāgo)</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
<p class="gatha1">Saddhammaraṃsimālī <a name="M1.0001"></a><a name="V1.0001"></a> yo, vineyyakamalākare;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vibodhesi mahāmoha-tamaṃ hantvāna sabbaso.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ñāṇātisayabimbaṃ taṃ, visuddhakaruṇāruṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vanditvā nirupaklesaṃ, <span class="bld">buddhādiccaṃ</span> mahodayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Lokālokakaraṃ <span class="bld">dhammaṃ,</span> guṇarasmisamujjalaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Ariyasaṅghañca</span> samphullaṃ, visuddhakamalākaraṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Vandanājanitaṃ <a name="V1.0002"></a> puññaṃ, iti yaṃ ratanattaye;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Hatantarāyo sabbattha, hutvāhaṃ tassa tejasā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sampannasīlācārena, dhīmatā sucivuttinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ajjhesito <span class="bld">dāṭhānāgattherena</span> thiracetasā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Visuddhacarito nātho, yaṃ visuddhimanuttaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Patvā desesi karuṇāsamussāhitamānaso.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassā adhigamūpāyo, visuddhanayamaṇḍito;</p>
<p class="gathalast"><span class="bld">Visuddhimaggo</span> yo vutto, suvisuddhapadakkamo.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Suvisuddhaṃ asaṃkiṇṇaṃ, nipuṇatthavinicchayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ, samayaṃ avilomayaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tassa <a name="M1.0002"></a> nissāya porāṇaṃ, kathāmaggaṃ anākulaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tantinayānugaṃ suddhaṃ, karissāma<span class="bld">tthavaṇṇanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Iti ākaṅkhamānassa, saddhammassa ciraṭṭhitiṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vibhajantassa tassatthaṃ, nisāmayatha sādhavoti.</p>
<p class="subsubhead">Nidānādikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Svāyaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimaggo</span> yaṃ suttapadaṃ nissāya paṭṭhapīyati, taṃ tāva nikkhipitvā tassa nidānādiniddhāraṇamukhena nānappakārato atthaṃ saṃvaṇṇetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāyā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Dhammaṃ saṃvaṇṇentena hi ādito tassa nidānaṃ vattabbaṃ, tato payojanaṃ piṇḍattho padattho sambandho adhippāyo codanā sodhanaṃ vattabbaṃ. Tathā ceva ācariyena paṭipannaṃ. Ettha hi <span class="bld">bhagavantaṃ kirā</span>tiādi desanāya nidānapayojananiddhāraṇaṃ, <span class="bld">visuddhimaggaṃ bhāsissa</span>ntiādi piṇḍatthaniddhāraṇaṃ<a name="V1.0003"></a>, <span class="bld">sīle ṭhatvā</span>tiādi padatthasambandhādhippāyavibhāvanā, <span class="bld">kiṃ sīla</span>ntiādi codanā, tato paraṃ sodhanaṃ, samādhipaññākathāsupi eseva nayo. Kasmā panettha vissajjanagāthā ādimhi nikkhittā, na pucchāgāthā. Pucchāpubbikā hi vissajjanāti? Vuccate – tadatthassa maṅgalabhāvato, sāsanassa ādikalyāṇādibhāvavibhāvanato, bhayādiupaddavanivāraṇena antarāyavidhamanato, upari saṃvaṇṇetabbadhammasaṅgahato cāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – kasmā panāyaṃ visuddhimaggakathā vatthupubbikā āraddhā, na satthuthomanāpubbikāti? Vuccate – visuṃ asaṃvaṇṇanādibhāvato. <span class="bld">Sumaṅgalavilāsinī</span>ādayo viya hi dīghanikāyādīnaṃ nāyaṃ visuṃ saṃvaṇṇanā, na pakaraṇantaraṃ vā abhidhammāvatārasumatāvatārādi viya. Tāsaṃyeva pana sumaṅgalavilāsinīādīnaṃ visesabhūtā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘majjhe visuddhimaggo’’</span>tiādi (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.ganthārambhakathā; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.ganthārambhakathā; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.ganthārambhakathā; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.ganthārambhakathā). Atha vā thomanāpubbikāpi cāyaṃ kathā na vatthupubbikāvāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sāsane hi vatthukittanaṃ na loke viya kevalaṃ hoti, sāsanasampattikittanattā pana satthu aviparītadhammadesanābhāvavibhāvanena satthuguṇasaṃkittanaṃ ulliṅgantameva pavattati. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘ettāvatā tisso sikkhā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Sotāpannādibhāvassa ca kāraṇa</span>nti ettha hi <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sabbasakadāgāmianāgāmino <a name="M1.0003"></a> viya sabbepi arahanto saṅgayhanti vibhāgassa anuddhaṭattā. Tena tiṇṇampi bodhisattānaṃ nibbedhabhāgiyā sīlādayo idha ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāyā’’tiādivacanena saṅgahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tiṇṇampi hi nesaṃ carimabhave visesato saṃsārabhayikkhaṇaṃ, yathāsakaṃ sīle patiṭṭhāya samathavipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanapaṭipatti ca samānāti. Atha vā ‘‘so imaṃ vijaṭaye jaṭa’’nti sādhāraṇavacanena sātisayaṃ, niratisayañca taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanaṃ gahitaṃ. Tattha yaṃ niratisayaṃ savāsanappahānatāya. Tena satthu pahānasampadā kittitā hoti, tannimittā ñāṇasampadā ca. Tadubhayena nānantarikatāya ānubhāvasampadādayopīti. Evampi thomanāpubbikāyaṃ kathāti veditabbaṃ. Atha vā thomanāpubbikā evāyaṃ kathāti daṭṭhabbaṃ, ‘‘sabbadhammesu appaṭihatañāṇacāro’’tiādinā satthu thomanaṃ purakkhatvā saṃvaṇṇanāya āraddhattā. Sā panāyaṃ yasmā pucchantassa ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ byākaraṇasamatthatāya vibhāvanavasena pavattitā, āciṇṇañcetaṃ ācariyassa yadidaṃ saṃvaṇṇetabbadhammānukūlaṃ saṃvaṇṇanārambhe satthu abhitthavanaṃ. Tasmā <a name="V1.0004"></a> iminā kāraṇena evamettha thomanā pavattitāti. Thomanākārassa vuccamānassa kāraṇaṃ uddharantena paṭhamaṃ vissajjanagāthaṃ nikkhipitvā tassā nidānacodanāmukhena pucchāgāthaṃ sarūpato ca atthato ca dassetvā tassā pucchāya aviparītabyākaraṇasamatthabhāvāvajotanaṃ bhagavato thomanaṃ purakkhatvā yathādhippetadhammasaṃvaṇṇanā katā. Tenāha ‘‘sīle patiṭṭhāyā’’tiādi. Tattha gāthāya attho parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">itī</span>ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo hetu parisamāpanādipadatthavipariyāyapakārāvadhāraṇanidassanādianekatthappabhedo. Tathā hesa ‘‘ruppatīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā ‘rūpa’nti vuccatī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.79) hetumhi āgato. ‘‘Tasmātiha me, bhikkhave, dhammadāyādā bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā. Atthi me tumhesu anukampā ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.29) parisamāpane. ‘‘Iti vā iti evarūpā naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.197) ādiatthe. ‘‘Māgaṇḍiyoti tassa brāhmaṇassa saṅkhā samaññā paññatti vohāro nāmaṃ <a name="M1.0004"></a> nāmakammaṃ nāmadheyyaṃ nirutti byañjanaṃ abhilāpo’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 73, 75) padatthavipariyāye. ‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, sappaṭibhayo bālo, appaṭibhayo paṇḍito. Saupaddavo bālo, anupaddavo paṇḍito. Saupasaggo bālo, anupasaggo paṇḍito’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.124) pakāre. ‘‘Atthi idappaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti puṭṭhena satā, ānanda, atthītissa vacanīyaṃ, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iti ce vadeyya, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti iccassa vacanīya’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.96) avadhāraṇe, sanniṭṭhāneti attho. ‘‘Atthīti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto, natthīti kho, kaccāna, ayaṃ dutiyo anto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.15; 3.90) nidassane. Idhāpi nidassane daṭṭhabbo, pakāretipi vattuṃ vaṭṭateva. Paṭhamo pana iti-saddo parisamāpane daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Hī</span>ti avadhāraṇe. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti āsannapaccakkhavacanaṃ yathādhigatassa suttapadassa abhimukhīkaraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vutta</span>-saddo saupasaggo, anupasaggo ca vappanavāpasamīkaraṇakesohāraṇajīvitavuttipamuttabhāvapāvacanapavattitaajjhesanakathanādīsu dissati. Tathā hi ayaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Gāvo <a name="V1.0005"></a> tassa pajāyanti, khette vuttaṃ virūhati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vuttānaṃ phalamasnāti, yo mittānaṃ na dubbhatī’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādīsu (jā. 2.22.19) vappane āgato. ‘‘No ca kho paṭivutta’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 289) aṭṭhadantakādīhi vāpasamīkaraṇe. ‘‘Kāpaṭiko māṇavo daharo vuttasiro’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.426) kesohāraṇe. ‘‘Pannalomo paradattavutto migabhūtena cetasā viharatī’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 332) jīvitavuttiyaṃ. ‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma paṇḍupalāso bandhanā pavutto abhabbo haritatthāyā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.59; pārā. 92; pāci. 666; mahāva. 129) bandhanato pamuttabhāve. ‘‘Yesamidaṃ etarahi porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihita’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.285; ma. ni. 2.427; mahāva. 300) pāvacanabhāvena pavattite. Loke pana ‘‘vutto guṇo vutto pārāyano’’tiādīsu ajjhesane. ‘‘Vuttaṃ kho <a name="M1.0005"></a> panetaṃ bhagavatā ‘dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā’ti’’ādīsu (ma. ni. 1.30) kathane. Idhāpi kathane eva daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā ‘‘iti hi evameva idaṃ suttaṃ desita’’nti yathānikkhittaṃ gāthaṃ desitabhāvena nidasseti. Tassā vā desitākāraṃ avadhāreti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti hetumhi nissakkaṃ. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti vacanālaṅkāramattaṃ. Ubhayenāpi kāraṇaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ suttapadaṃ paccāmasati. <span class="bld">Vutta</span>nti pucchānimittaṃ. Tadatthassa attano buddhiyaṃ viparivattamānataṃ upādāya ‘‘ida’’nti vatvā puna bhagavatā bhāsitākāraṃ sandhāya ‘‘eta’’nti vuttaṃ. Sakalena panānena vacanena desanāya nidānaṃ jotitaṃ hoti. Parato tassā desakadesakālapaṭiggāhake vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavantaṃ kirā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kirā</span>ti anussavanatthe nipāto. Tena vuccamānassatthassa anu anu suyyamānataṃ dīpeti. <span class="bld">Rattibhāge</span>ti rattiyā ekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse, majjhimayāmeti adhippāyo. Vessavaṇādayo viya apākaṭanāmadheyyattā <span class="bld">aññataro</span>. Devo eva <span class="bld">devaputto. Saṃsayasamugghāṭattha</span>nti vicikicchāsallasamuddharaṇatthaṃ pucchīti yojanā. ‘‘Saṃsayasamugghāṭattha’’nti ca iminā pañcasu pucchāsu ayaṃ vimaticchedanāpucchāti dasseti. Yena atthena taṇhā ‘‘jaṭā’’ti vuttā, tameva atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘jāliniyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sā hi aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritappabhedo attano avayavabhūto eva jālo etissā atthīti ‘‘jālinī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idānissā <a name="V1.0006"></a> jaṭākārena pavattiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpādīsu ārammaṇesū</span>ti tassā pavattiṭṭhānamāha, rūpādichaḷārammaṇavinimuttassa taṇhāvisayassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhupariyavasenā</span>ti kadāci rūpārammaṇe kadāci yāva dhammārammaṇe kadāci dhammārammaṇe kadāci yāva rūpārammaṇeti evaṃ heṭṭhā, upari ca pavattivasena. Desanākkamena cettha heṭṭhupariyatā daṭṭhabbā. Kadāci kāmabhave kadāci rūpabhave kadāci arūpabhave kadāci vā arūpabhave…pe… kadāci kāmabhaveti evamettha heṭṭhupariyavasena pavatti veditabbā. Sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ khaṇe khaṇe bhijjanasabhāvattā aparāparuppatti ettha saṃsibbananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ uppajjanato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Saṃsibbanaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti idaṃ yena sambandhena jaṭā viyāti jaṭāti <a name="M1.0006"></a> jaṭātaṇhānaṃ upamūpameyyatā, taṃdassanaṃ. Ayaṃ hettha attho – yathā jālino veḷugumbassa sākhā, kosasañcayādayo ca attanā attano avayavehi saṃsibbitā vinaddhā ‘‘jaṭā’’ti vuccanti, evaṃ taṇhāpi saṃsibbanasabhāvenāti, ‘‘saṃsibbitaṭṭhenā’’ti vā pāṭho, attanāva attano saṃsibbitabhāvenāti attho. Ayaṃ hi taṇhā kosakārakimi viya attanāva attānampi saṃsibbantī pavattati. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘rūpataṇhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisatī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.86; vibha. 203). Ime sattā ‘‘mama ida’’nti pariggahitaṃ vatthuṃ attanibbisesaṃ maññamānā abbhantarimaṃ karonti. Abbhantarattho ca antosaddoti sakaparikkhāre uppajjamānāpi taṇhā ‘‘antojaṭā’’ti vuttā. Pabbajitassa pattādi, gahaṭṭhassa hatthiādi sakaparikkhāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Attā’’ti bhavati ettha abhimānoti <span class="bld">attabhāvo,</span> upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ. Sarīranti keci. Mama attabhāvo sundaro, asukassa viya mama attabhāvo bhaveyyāti vā ādinā sakaattabhāvādīsu taṇhāya uppajjamānākāro veditabbo. Attano cakkhādīni <span class="bld">ajjhattikāyatanāni</span>. Attano, paresañca rūpādīni <span class="bld">bāhirāyatanāni</span>. Paresaṃ sabbāni vā, saparasantatipariyāpannāni vā cakkhādīni <span class="bld">ajjhattikāyatanāni</span>. Tathā rūpādīni <span class="bld">bāhirāyatanāni</span>. Parittamahaggatabhavesu pavattiyāpi taṇhāya <span class="bld">antojaṭābahijaṭā</span>bhāvo veditabbo. Kāmabhavo hi kassacipi kilesassa avikkhambhitattā kathañcipi avimutto ajjhattaggahaṇassa visesapaccayoti ‘‘ajjhattaṃ, anto’’ti ca vuccati. Tabbipariyāyato rūpārūpabhavo ‘‘bahiddhā, bahī’’ti ca. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘ajjhattasaṃyojano puggalo, bahiddhāsaṃyojano puggalo’’ti (a. ni. 2.37). Visayabhedena, pavattiākārabhedena ca anekabhedabhinnampi taṇhaṃ <a name="V1.0007"></a> jaṭābhāvasāmaññena ekanti gahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘tāya evaṃ uppajjamānāya jaṭāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sā pana ‘‘pajā’’ti vuttasattasantānapariyāpannā eva hutvā punappunaṃ taṃ jaṭentī vinandhantī pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jaṭāya jaṭitā pajā’’</span>ti. Tathā hi paramatthato yadipi avayavabyatirekena samudāyo natthi, ekadeso pana samudāyo nāma na hotīti avayavato samudāyaṃ bhinnaṃ katvā upamūpameyyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāma</span> <a name="M1.0007"></a> <span class="bld">veḷujaṭādīhi…pe… saṃsibbitā’’</span>ti āha. Imaṃ jaṭanti sambandho. Tīsu dhātūsu ekampi asesetvā saṃsibbanena <span class="bld">tedhātukaṃ jaṭetvā ṭhitaṃ</span>. Tenassā mahāvisayataṃ, vijaṭanassa ca sudukkarabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Vijaṭetuṃ ko samattho’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘vijaṭaye’’ti padaṃ sattiatthaṃ, na vidhiādiatthanti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ‘‘antojaṭā’’tiādinā puṭṭho pana assa devaputtassa imaṃ gāthamāhāti sambandho. ‘‘Edisova imaṃ pañhaṃ vissajjeyyā’’ti satthāraṃ guṇato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadhammesu appaṭihatañāṇacāro’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbadhammesū</span>ti atītādibhedabhinnesu sabbesu ñeyyadhammesu. <span class="bld">Appaṭihatañāṇacāro</span>ti anavasesañeyyāvaraṇappahānena nissaṅgacārattā navihatañāṇapavattiko. Etena tīsu kālesu appaṭihatañāṇatāvibhāvanena ādito tiṇṇaṃ āveṇikadhammānaṃ gahaṇeneva tadekalakkhaṇatāya tadavinābhāvato ca bhagavato sesāveṇikadhammānampi gahitabhāvo veditabbo. Dibbanti kāmaguṇādīhi kīḷanti laḷanti, tesu vā viharanti, vijayasamatthatāyogena paccatthike vijetuṃ icchanti, issariyadhanādisakkāradānaggahaṇaṃ, taṃtaṃatthānusāsanañca karontā voharanti, puññātisayayogānubhāvappattāya jutiyā jotanti, yathādhippetañca visayaṃ appaṭighātena gacchanti, yathicchitanipphādane ca sakkontīti <span class="bld">devā</span>. Atha vā devanīyā taṃtaṃbyasananittharaṇatthikehi saraṇaṃ parāyaṇanti gamanīyā, abhitthavanīyā vā, sobhāvisesayogena kamanīyāti vā <span class="bld">devā</span>. Te tividhā – sammutidevā upapattidevā visuddhidevāti. Bhagavā pana niratisayāya abhiññākīḷāya uttamehi dibbabrahmaariyavihārehi saparasantānagatapañcavidhamāravijayicchānipphattiyā cittissariyasattadhanādisammāpaṭipatti aveccapasādasakkāradānaggahaṇasaṅkhātena, dhammasabhāvapuggalajjhāsayānurūpānusāsanīsaṅkhātena ca vohārātisayena paramāya paññāsarīrappabhāsaṅkhātāya jutiyā, anaññasādhāraṇāya ñāṇasarīragatiyā, māravijayasabbasabbaññuguṇaparahitanipphādanesu appaṭihatāya sattiyā ca samannāgatattā sadevakena lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti gamanīyato, abhitthavanīyato, bhattivasena kamanīyato ca sabbe <a name="V1.0008"></a> te deve tehi guṇehi abhibhuyya ṭhitattā tesaṃ devānaṃ seṭṭho uttamo devoti <span class="bld">devadevo</span>. Sabbadevehi <a name="M1.0008"></a> pūjanīyataro devoti vā, visuddhidevabhāvassa vā sabbaññuguṇālaṅkārassa vā adhigatattā aññesaṃ devānaṃ atisayena devoti <span class="bld">devadevo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sakkānaṃ, mahābrahmānañca guṇābhibhavanato adhiko atisayo atirekataro vā sakko brahmā cāti <span class="bld">sakkānaṃ atisakko brahmānaṃ atibrahmā</span>. Ñāṇappahānadesanāvisesesu sadevake loke kenaci avikkhambhanīyaṭṭhānatāya kutocipi utrastābhāvato catūhi vesārajjehi visāradoti <span class="bld">catuvesārajjavisārado</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘sammāsambuddhassa te paṭijānato ime dhammā anabhisambuddhāti tatra vata maṃ samaṇo vā…pe… vesārajjappatto viharāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.150; a. ni. 4.8). Ṭhānāṭhānañāṇādīhi dasahi ñāṇabalehi samannāgatattā <span class="bld">dasabaladharo</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘idha tathāgato ṭhānañca ṭhānato, aṭṭhānañca aṭṭhānato yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’tiādi (a. ni. 10.21; vibha. 809). Yaṃ kiñci ñeyyaṃ nāma, tattha sabbattheva anāvaṭañāṇatāya <span class="bld">anāvaraṇañāṇo</span>. Tañca sabbaṃ samantato sabbākārato hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya paccakkhato dassanasamatthena ñāṇacakkhunā samannāgatattā <span class="bld">samantacakkhu,</span> sabbaññūti attho. Imehi pana dvīhi padehi pacchimāni dve asādhāraṇañāṇāni gahitāni. Bhāgyavantatādīhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato <span class="bld">buddhānussatiniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.123 ādayo) vitthārato āgamissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sabbadhammesu appaṭihatañāṇacāro’’ti iminā tiyaddhāruḷhānaṃ pucchānaṃ bhagavato byākaraṇasamatthatāya dassitāya kiṃ devatānampi pucchaṃ byākātuṃ samattho bhagavāti āsaṅkāya tannivattanatthaṃ ‘‘devadevo’’ti vuttaṃ. Devānaṃ atidevo sakko devānamindo devatānaṃ pañhaṃ vissajjeti, ‘‘tato imassa ko viseso’’ti cintentānaṃ tannivattanatthaṃ ‘‘sakkānaṃ atisakko’’ti vuttaṃ. Sakkenapi pucchitamatthaṃ sanaṅkumārādayo brahmāno vissajjenti, ‘‘tato imassa ko atisayo’’ti cintentānaṃ tannivattanatthaṃ ‘‘brahmānaṃ atibrahmā’’ti vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ cassa viseso catuvesārajjadasabalañāṇehi pākaṭo jātoti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘catu…pe… <a name="M1.0009"></a> dharo’’ti vuttaṃ. Imāni ca ñāṇāni imassa ñāṇadvayassa adhigamena saheva siddhānīti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘anāvaraṇañāṇo samantacakkhū’’ti vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ ñāṇadvayaṃ puññañāṇasambhārūpacayasiddhāya bhaggadosatāya siddhanti dassento ‘‘bhagavā’’ti avocāti. Evametesaṃ <a name="V1.0009"></a> padānaṃ gahaṇe payojanaṃ, anupubbi ca veditabbā. Yaṃ panetaṃ pacchimaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇanti ñāṇadvayaṃ, taṃ atthato abhinnaṃ. Ekameva hi taṃ ñāṇaṃ visayapavattimukhena aññehi asādhāraṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ dvidhā katvā vuttaṃ. Anavasesasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatasammutidhammārammaṇatāya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tatthāvaraṇābhāvato nissaṅgacāramupādāya ‘‘anāvaraṇañāṇa’’ntipi vuttaṃ. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato <span class="bld">buddhānussatiniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.123 ādayo) vakkhāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Mahante sīlakkhandhādike esī gavesīti mahesi, bhagavā. Tena <span class="bld">mahesinā. Vaṇṇayanto</span>ti vivaranto vitthārento. <span class="bld">Yathābhūta</span>nti aviparītaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlādibhedana</span>nti sīlasamādhipaññādivibhāgaṃ. <span class="bld">Sudullabha</span>nti aṭṭhakkhaṇavajjitena navamena khaṇena laddhabbattā suṭṭhu dullabhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlādisaṅgaha</span>nti sīlādikkhandhattayasaṅgahaṃ. Ariyamaggo hi tīhi khandhehi saṅgahito sappadesattā nagaraṃ viya rajjena, na tayo khandhā ariyamaggena nippadesattā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘na kho, āvuso visākha, ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena tayo khandhā saṅgahitā; tīhi ca kho, āvuso visākha, khandhehi ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅgahito’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462). Kilesacorehi aparipanthanīyatāya <span class="bld">khemaṃ</span>. Antadvayaparivajjanato, māyādikāyavaṅkādippahānato ca <span class="bld">ujuṃ</span>. Sabbesaṃ saṃkilesadhammānaṃ māraṇavasena gamanato pavattanato, nibbānassa magganato, nibbānatthikehi maggitabbato ca <span class="bld">maggaṃ. Visuddhiyā</span>ti nibbānāya, visuddhibhāvāya vā, arahattāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ ajānantā</span>ti evaṃ sīlavisuddhiādivisuddhiparamparāya adhigantabbo evarūpo evaṃkiccako evamatthoti yāthāvato anavabujjhantā. Sakalasaṃkilesato, saṃsārato ca suddhiṃ vimuttiṃ kāmenti patthentīti <span class="bld">suddhikāmā. Api</span>-saddo sambhāvane. Tena na kevalaṃ sīlamattena parituṭṭhā, atha kho visuddhikāmāpi samānāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane. Bhāvanāya yuttapayuttatāya <span class="bld">yogino vāyamantāpi</span> visuddhiṃ <a name="M1.0010"></a> uddissa payogaṃ parakkamaṃ karontāpi upāyassa anadhigatattā <span class="bld">visuddhiṃ nādhigacchantī</span>ti yojanā. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti yogīnaṃ. Kāmañcāyaṃ visuddhimaggo samantabhaddakattā savanadhāraṇaparicayādipasutānaṃ sabbesampi pāmojjakaro, yogīnaṃ pana sātisayaṃ pamodahetūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ pāmojjakaraṇa’’</span>nti. Bāhirakanikāyantaraladdhīhi asammissatāya suṭṭhu visuddhavinicchayattā <span class="bld">suvisuddhavinicchayaṃ. Mahāvihāravāsīna</span>nti attano apassayabhūtaṃ nikāyaṃ dasseti<a name="V1.0010"></a>. <span class="bld">Desanānayanissita</span>nti dhammasaṃvaṇṇanānayasannissitaṃ. Ettha ca ‘‘tesaṃ pāmojjakaraṇa’’ntiādinā sabbasaṃkilesamalavisuddhatāya visuddhiṃ nibbānaṃ patthentānaṃ yogīnaṃ ekaṃsena tadāvahattā pāmojjakaro ñāṇuttarehi sammāpaṭipannehi adhiṭṭhitattā suṭṭhu sammā visuddhavinicchayo mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ kathāmaggoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sakkaccaṃ me bhāsato</span> sakkaccaṃ nisāmayathāti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘imissā dāni gāthāyā’’ti iminā visuddhimaggabhāsanassa nissayaṃ, ‘‘kathitāya mahesinā’’ti iminā tassa pamāṇabhāvaṃ, ‘‘yathābhūtaṃ atthaṃ sīlādibhedana’’nti iminā aviparītapiṇḍatthaṃ, ‘‘sudullabhaṃ…pe… yogino’’ti iminā nimittaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ pāmojjakaraṇa’’</span>nti iminā payojanaṃ, ‘‘vaṇṇayanto atthaṃ, suvisuddhavinicchayaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ desanānayanissitaṃ, sakkacca’’nti ca iminā karaṇappakāraṃ dassetvā ‘‘visuddhikāmā sabbepi, nisāmayatha sādhavo’’ti iminā tattha sakkaccasavane sādhujane niyojeti. Sādhukaṃ savanapaṭibaddhā hi sāsanasampatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. Vacanatthavibhāvanena paveditavisuddhimaggasāmaññatthassa visuddhimaggakathā vuccamānā abhiruciṃ uppādetīti padatthato visuddhimaggaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha visuddhī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti yadidaṃ ‘‘visuddhimaggaṃ bhāsissa’’nti ettha visuddhimaggapadaṃ vuttaṃ, tattha. <span class="bld">Sabbamalavirahita</span>nti sabbehi rāgādimalehi, sabbehi saṃkilesamalehi ca virahitaṃ vivittaṃ. Tato eva <span class="bld">accantaparisuddhaṃ,</span> sabbadā sabbathā ca visuddhanti attho. Yathāvuttaṃ visuddhiṃ maggati gavesati adhigacchati etenāti <span class="bld">visuddhimaggo</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘maggoti adhigamūpāyo vuccatī’’</span>ti. Visuddhimaggoti ca nippariyāyena lokuttaramaggo veditabbo, tadupāyattā pana pubbabhāgamaggo, tannissayo kathāpabandho ca tathā vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Svāyaṃ <a name="M1.0011"></a> visuddhimaggo satthārā desanāvilāsato, veneyyajjhāsayato ca nānānayehi desito, tesu ayameko nayo gahitoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so panāya’’</span>ntiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">katthacī</span>ti kismiñci sutte. <span class="bld">Vipassanāmattavasenevā</span>ti avadhāraṇena samathaṃ nivatteti. So hi tassā paṭiyogī, na sīlādi. Matta-saddena ca visesanivattiatthena savisesaṃ samādhiṃ nivatteti. So upacārappanābhedo vipassanāyānikassa desanāti katvā na samādhimattaṃ. Na hi <a name="V1.0011"></a> khaṇikasamādhiṃ vinā vipassanā sambhavati. Vipassanāti ca tividhāpi anupassanā veditabbā, na aniccānupassanāva. Na hi aniccadassanamattena saccābhisamayo sambhavati. Yaṃ pana gāthāyaṃ aniccalakkhaṇasseva gahaṇaṃ kataṃ, taṃ yassa tadeva suṭṭhutaraṃ pākaṭaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, tādisassa vasena. Sopi hi itaraṃ lakkhaṇadvayaṃ vibhūtataraṃ katvā sammasitvā visesaṃ adhigacchati, na aniccalakkhaṇameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbe saṅkhārā</span>ti sabbe tebhūmakasaṅkhārā, te hi sammasanīyā. <span class="bld">Aniccā</span>ti na niccā addhuvā ittarā khaṇabhaṅgurāti. <span class="bld">Paññāyā</span>ti vipassanāpaññāya. <span class="bld">Passati</span> sammasati. <span class="bld">Atha</span> pacchā udayabbayañāṇādīnaṃ uppattiyā uttarakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbindati dukkhe</span>ti tasmiṃyeva aniccākārato diṭṭhe ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā’’ti vutte tebhūmake khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte dukkhe nibbindati nibbidāñāṇaṃ paṭilabhati. <span class="bld">Esa maggo visuddhiyā</span>ti esa nibbidānupassanāsaṅkhāto virāgādīnaṃ kāraṇabhūto nibbānassa adhigamūpāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jhānapaññāvasenā</span>ti samathavipassanāvasena. <span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti cettha vipassanāya pādakabhūtaṃ jhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Yamhī</span>ti yasmiṃ puggale. <span class="bld">Jhānañca paññā cā</span>ti etthāyamattho – yo puggalo jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā taṃ ussukkāpeti. <span class="bld">Sa ve nibbānasantike</span>ti so byattaṃ nibbānassa samīpe ekantato nibbānaṃ adhigacchatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti maggacetanā. Sā hi apacayagāmitāya sattānaṃ suddhiṃ āvahati. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Sīla</span>nti sammāvācākammantā. <span class="bld">Jīvitamuttama</span>nti sammāājīvo. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti avasesā cattāro ariyamaggadhammā. Atha vā <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti sammākammantassa gahaṇaṃ. ‘‘Yā cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca <a name="M1.0012"></a> sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) vacanato. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhisammāsaṅkappānaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti samādhi ‘‘evaṃdhammā te bhagavanto ahesu’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.378) viya. Taggahaṇeneva ‘‘yo cāvuso visākha, sammāvāyāmo, yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti vacanato sammāvāyāmasatīnampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīla</span>nti sammāvācājīvānaṃ. <span class="bld">Jīvitamuttama</span>nti evarūpassa ariyapuggalassa jīvitaṃ uttamaṃ jīvitanti evamettha aṭṭhaṅgiko ariyamaggo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlādivasenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0012"></a> sīlasamādhipaññāvīriyavasena. <span class="bld">Sabbadā</span>ti samādānato pabhuti sabbakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlasampanno</span>ti catupārisuddhisīlasampadāya sampanno samannāgato. <span class="bld">Paññavā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarāya paññāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Susamāhito</span>ti taṃsampayuttena samādhinā suṭṭhu samāhito. <span class="bld">Āraddhavīriyo</span>ti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya paggahitavīriyo. <span class="bld">Pahitatto</span>ti nibbānaṃ patipesitattatāya kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhacitto. <span class="bld">Ogha</span>nti kāmoghādicatubbidhampi oghaṃ, saṃsāramahoghameva vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekāyano</span>ti ekamaggo. Maggapariyāyo hi idha ayana-saddo, tasmā ekapathabhūto ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo, na dvedhāpathabhūtoti attho. Ekaṃ vā nibbānaṃ ayati gacchatīti ekāyano, ekena vā gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya vivekaṭṭhena ayitabbo paṭipajjitabboti ekāyano, ayanti tenāti vā ayano, ekassa seṭṭhassa bhagavato ayanoti ekāyano, tena uppāditattā, ekasmiṃ vā imasmiṃyeva dhammavinaye ayanoti ekāyano. <span class="bld">Sattānaṃ visuddhiyā</span>ti rāgādimalehi, abhijjhāvisamalobhādiupakkilesehi ca sattānaṃ visuddhatthāya visujjhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti nipāto, ye imeti attho. Pubbe saraṇalakkhaṇena maggaṭṭhena ca maggoti vuttasseva kāyādivisayabhedena catubbidhattā <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānādīsū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena appamādābhiratiādīnaṃ saṅgaho veditabbo<a name="M1.0013"></a>. Appamādābhiratiādivasenāpi hi katthaci visuddhimaggo desito. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Appamādarato bhikkhu, pamāde bhayadassi vā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abhabbo parihānāya, nibbānasseva santike’’ti. (dha. pa. 32);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tassaṃ gāthāyaṃ. Upari vuccamānā gāthāya vitthārasaṃvaṇṇanā niddesapaṭiniddesaṭṭhāniyā, tato saṃkhittatarā atthavaṇṇanā uddesaṭṭhāniyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ saṅkhepavaṇṇanā’’</span>ti. Yathāuddiṭṭhassa hi atthassa niddesapaṭiniddesā sukarā, subodhā ca hontīti. <span class="bld">Sīle patiṭṭhāyā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">sīle</span>ti kusalasīle. Yadipi ‘‘katame ca, thapati, akusalā sīlā’’tiādīsu akusalā dhammāpi sīlanti āgatā. Vuccamānāya pana cittapaññābhāvanāya adhiṭṭhānāyogyatāya kiriyasīlānampi asambhavo, kuto itaresanti kusalasīlamevettha adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ paripūrayamāno</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">paripūrayamāno</span>ti paripālento, parivaḍḍhento vā, sabbabhāgehi saṃvaranto<a name="V1.0013"></a>, avītikkamanto cāti attho. Tathābhūto hi taṃ avijahanto tattha patiṭṭhito nāma hoti. ‘‘Sīle’’ti hi idaṃ ādhāre bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhāyā</span>ti duvidhā patiṭṭhā nissayūpanissayabhedato. Tattha upanissayapatiṭṭhā lokiyā, itarā lokuttarā abhinditvā gahaṇe. Bhinditvā pana gahaṇe yathā lokiyacittuppādesu sahajātānaṃ, purimapacchimānañca vasena nissayūpanissayapatiṭṭhā sambhavati, evaṃ lokuttaresu heṭṭhimamaggaphalasīlavasena upanissayapatiṭṭhāpi sambhavati. ‘‘Patiṭṭhāyā’’ti ca padassa yadā upanissayapatiṭṭhā adhippetā, tadā ‘‘saddhaṃ upanissāyā’’tiādīsu (paṭṭhā. 1.1.423) viya purimakālakiriyāvasena attho veditabbo. Tenāha ‘‘pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.431). Yadā pana nissayapatiṭṭhā adhippetā, tadā ‘‘cakkhuñca paṭiccā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.204; 3.421; saṃ. ni. 4.60) viya samānakālakiriyāvasena attho veditabbo. Sammāvācādayo hi attanā sampayuttānaṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ sahajātavaseneva nissayapaccayā hontīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Narati <a name="M1.0014"></a> netīti <span class="bld">naro,</span> puriso. Yathā hi paṭhamapakatibhūto satto, itarāya pakatiyā seṭṭhaṭṭhena puri ucce ṭhāne seti pavattatīti ‘‘puriso’’ti vuccati, evaṃ nayanaṭṭhena ‘‘naro’’ti vuccati. Puttabhātubhūtopi hi puggalo mātujeṭṭhabhaginīnaṃ netuṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, pageva itaro itarāsaṃ. Narena yogato, narassa ayanti vā nārī, itthī. Sāpi cettha kāmaṃ taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanasamatthatā atthi, padhānameva pana sattaṃ dassento ‘‘naro’’ti āha yathā ‘‘satthā devamanussāna’’nti (dī. ni. 1.157, 255). Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana avibhāgena puggalapariyāyo ayanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘naroti satto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sapañño</span>ti vipākabhūtāya saha paññāya pavattatīti sapañño. Tāya hi ādito paṭṭhāya santānavasena bahulaṃ pavattamānāya ayaṃ satto savisesaṃ ‘‘sapañño’’ti vattabbataṃ arahati. Vipākapaññāpi hi santānavisesanena bhāvanāpaññuppattiyā upanissayo hoti ahetukadvihetukānaṃ tadabhāvato. Sampajaññasaṅkhātāya ca taṃtaṃkiccakārikāya paññāya vasena ‘‘sapañño’’ti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana nipaka-saddena pārihārikapaññā gayhatīti vipākapaññāvasenevettha attho vutto. <span class="bld">Kammajatihetukapaṭisandhipaññāyā</span>ti kammajāya tihetukapaṭisandhiyaṃ paññāyāti evaṃ tihetuka-saddo paṭisandhi-saddena sambandhitabbo, na paññā-saddena. Na hi paññā tihetukā atthi. Paṭisandhito pabhuti pavattamānā paññā ‘‘paṭisandhiyaṃ paññā’’ti vuttā taṃmūlakattā, na paṭisandhikkhaṇe pavattā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cinteti <a name="V1.0014"></a> ārammaṇaṃ upanijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">cittaṃ,</span> samādhi. So hi sātisayaṃ upanijjhānakicco. Na hi vitakkādayo vinā samādhinā tamatthaṃ sādhenti, samādhi pana tehi vināpi sādhetīti. Paguṇabalavabhāvāpādanena paccayehi citaṃ, tathā santānaṃ cinotītipi <span class="bld">cittaṃ,</span> samādhi. Paṭhamajjhānādivasena cittavicittatāya, iddhividhādicittakaraṇena ca samādhi cittanti vināpi paropadesenassa cittapariyāyo labbhateva. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana citta-saddo viññāṇe niruḷhoti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittasīsena hettha samādhi niddiṭṭho’’</span>ti. Yathāsabhāvaṃ pakārehi jānātīti <span class="bld">paññā</span>. Sā yadipi kusalādibhedato bahuvidhā. ‘‘Bhāvaya’’nti pana vacanato bhāvetabbā idhādhippetāti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vipassana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Bhāvaya’’nti ca idaṃ paccekaṃ <a name="M1.0015"></a> yojetabbaṃ ‘‘cittañca bhāvayaṃ, paññañca bhāvaya’’nti. Tayidaṃ dvayaṃ kiṃ lokiyaṃ, udāhu lokuttaranti? Lokuttaranti daṭṭhabbaṃ ukkaṭṭhaniddesato. Taṃ hi bhāvayamāno ariyamaggakkhaṇe taṇhājaṭaṃ samucchedavasena vijaṭetīti vuccati, na lokiyaṃ. Nānantariyabhāvena panettha lokiyāpi gahitāva honti lokiyasamathavipassanāya vinā tadabhāvato. Samathayānikassa hi upacārappanāppabhedaṃ samādhiṃ itarassa khaṇikasamādhiṃ, ubhayesampi vimokkhamukhattayaṃ vinā na kadācipi lokuttarādhigamo sambhavati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samādhiñceva vipassanañca bhāvayamāno’’</span>ti. Tattha yadā lokiyā samathavipassanā adhippetā, tadā ‘‘bhāvaya’’nti idaṃ bhāvanākiriyāya hetubhāvakathanaṃ, bhāvanāhetūti attho. Taṃbhāvanāhetukā hi vijaṭanakiriyāti. Yadā pana lokuttarā adhippetā, tadā kevalaṃ vattamānabhāvaniddeso. Tadubhayabhāvanāsamakālameva hi taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ātāpī nipako’’</span>ti idaṃ yathāvuttabhāvanāya upakārakadhammakittanaṃ. Kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjantassa hi vīriyaṃ sati sampajaññanti ime tayo dhammā bahūpakārā. Vīriyūpatthaddhañhi kammaṭṭhānaṃ satisampajaññānupālitaṃ na paripatati, upari ca visesaṃ āvahati. Patiṭṭhāsiddhiyā cettha saddhāsiddhi, saddhūpanissayattā sīlassa, vīriyādisiddhiyā ca. Na hi saddheyyavatthuṃ asaddahantassa yathāvuttavīriyādayo sambhavanti, tathā samādhipi. Yathā hi hetubhāvato vīriyādīhi saddhāsiddhi, evaṃ phalabhāvato tehi samādhisiddhi. Vīriyādīsu hi sampajjamānesu samādhi sampannova hoti asamāhitassa tadabhāvato. Kathaṃ panettha satisiddhi? Nipakaggahaṇato. Tikkhavisadabhāvappattā hi sati ‘‘nepakka’’nti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘paramena satinepakkena samannāgato’’ti. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘nepakkaṃ paññā’’ti ayamattho dassito. Taggahaṇeneva <a name="V1.0015"></a> satipi gahitāva hoti. Na hi sativirahitā paññā atthīti. Apare pana ‘‘sapañño’’ti imināva pārihārikapaññāpi gayhatīti ‘‘nipako’’ti padassa ‘‘sato’’ti atthaṃ vadanti. Yadipi kilesānaṃ pahānaṃ ātāpanaṃ, taṃ sammādiṭṭhiādīnampi attheva. Ātappasaddo viya pana ātāpasaddo vīriyeyeva <a name="M1.0016"></a> niruḷhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ātāpīti vīriyavā’’</span>ti. Atha vā paṭipakkhappahāne sampayuttadhammānaṃ abbhussahanavasena pavattamānassa vīriyassa sātisayaṃ tadātāpananti vīriyameva tathā vuccati, na aññe dhammā. <span class="bld">Ātāpī</span>ti cāyamīkāro pasaṃsāya, atisayassa vā dīpako. <span class="bld">Vīriyavā</span>ti vā-saddopi tadattho eva daṭṭhabbo. Tena sammappadhānasamaṅgitā vuttā hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesānaṃ ātāpanaparitāpanaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. Ātāpanaggahaṇena cettha ārambha dhātumāha ādito vīriyārambhoti katvā, paritāpanaggahaṇena nikkamaparakkamadhātuyo sabbaso paṭipakkhato nikkhantataṃ, uparūpari visesappattiñca upādāya. Nipayati visoseti paṭipakkhaṃ, tato vā attānaṃ nipāti rakkhatīti <span class="bld">nipako,</span> sampajāno. Kammaṭṭhānassa pariharaṇe niyuttāti <span class="bld">pārihārikā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhikkamādīni sabbakiccāni sātthakasampajaññādivasena paricchijja netīti <span class="bld">sabbakiccapariṇāyikā</span>. Kammaṭṭhānassa vā uggaho paripucchā bhāvanārambho manasikāravidhi, tattha ca sakkaccakāritā sātaccakāritā sappāyakāritā nimittakusalatā pahitattatā antarāasaṅkoco indriyasamattapaṭipādanā vīriyasamatāpādanaṃ vīriyasamatāyojananti evamādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ kiccānaṃ pariṇāyikā <span class="bld">sabbakiccapariṇāyikā. Bhayaṃ ikkhatīti bhikkhū</span>ti sādhāraṇato bhikkhulakkhaṇakathanena paṭipattiyāva bhikkhubhāvo, na bhikkhakabhinnapaṭadharādibhāvenāti dasseti. Evaṃ hi katakiccānaṃ sāmaṇerādīnaṃ, paṭipannānañca apabbajitānampi saṅgaho kato hoti. Idha pana paṭipajjanakavasena attho veditabbo. Bhindati pāpake akusale dhammeti vā <span class="bld">bhikkhu. So imaṃ vijaṭaye</span>ti yo naro sappañño sīle patiṭṭhāya ātāpī nipako cittaṃ paññañca bhāvayanti vutto, so bhikkhu imaṃ taṇhājaṭaṃ vijaṭayeti sambandho. Idāni tampi vijaṭanaṃ veḷugumbavijaṭanena upametvā dassetuṃ gāthāya yathāvutte sīlādidhamme ‘‘iminā ca sīlenā’’tiādinā paccāmasati. Tattha yasmā yogāvacarasantānagatā nānākkhaṇikā missakā sīlādidhammā gāthāya gahitā, tasmā te ekaccaṃ gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘chahi dhammehi samannāgato’’</span>ti āha. Na hi te cha dhammā ekasmiṃ santāne ekasmiṃ khaṇe <a name="M1.0017"></a> labbhanti. Yasmā ca puggalādhiṭṭhānena gāthā bhāsitā, tasmā puggalādhiṭṭhānameva upamaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpi nāma puriso’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0016"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">sunisita</span>nti suṭṭhu nisitaṃ, ativiya tikhiṇanti attho. Satthassa nisānasilāyaṃ nisitatarabhāvakaraṇaṃ, bāhubalena cassa ukkhipananti ubhayampetaṃ atthāpannaṃ katvā upamā vuttāti tadubhayaṃ upameyye dassento <span class="bld">‘‘samādhisilāyaṃ sunisitaṃ…pe… paññāhatthena ukkhipitvā’’</span>ti āha. Samādhiguṇena hi paññāya tikkhabhāvo. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99; 5.1071; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.14). Vīriyañcassā upatthambhakaṃ paggaṇhanato. <span class="bld">Vijaṭeyyā</span>ti vijaṭetuṃ sakkuṇeyya. Vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāya hi vattamānāya yogāvacaro taṇhājaṭaṃ vijaṭetuṃ samattho nāma. Vijaṭanaṃ cettha samucchedavasena pahānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sañchindeyya sampadāleyyā’’</span>ti. Dakkhiṇaṃ arahatīti dakkhiṇeyyo, aggo ca so dakkhiṇeyyo cāti <span class="bld">aggadakkhiṇeyyo,</span> aggā vā dakkhiṇā aggadakkhiṇā, taṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">aggadakkhiṇeyyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tassaṃ gāthāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ‘‘naro’’ti ca ‘‘bhikkhū’’ti ca vutto yogāvacaro. Puna <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tassaṃ paññāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhikkhuno. Kattari cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ, anenāti attho. <span class="bld">Karaṇīyaṃ natthi</span> visesādhānassa tihetukapaṭisandhipaññāya abhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘purimakammānubhāveneva hissa sā siddhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti yoginā. Bhāvanāyaṃ satatapavattitavīriyatāya <span class="bld">sātaccakārinā. Paññāvasenā</span>ti yathāvuttanepakkasaṅkhātapaññāvasena. Yaṃ kiñci kattabbaṃ, tassa sabbassa sampajānavaseneva karaṇasīlo, tattha vā sampajānakāro etassa atthi, sampajānassa vā asammohassa kārako uppādakoti sampajānakārī, tena <span class="bld">sampajānakārinā. Atrā</span>ti assaṃ gāthāyaṃ. Sīlādisampādane vīriyassa tesaṃ aṅgabhāvato taṃ visuṃ aggahetvā <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasamādhipaññāmukhenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Visuddhimaggaṃ dassetī’’ti avibhāgato desanāya piṇḍatthaṃ vatvā puna taṃ vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettāvatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ettāvatā</span>ti ettakāya desanāya. <span class="bld">Sikkhā</span>ti sikkhitabbaṭṭhena sikkhā. Sikkhanaṃ cettha āsevanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sīlādidhammehi saṃvaraṇādivasena āsevanto te sikkhatīti <a name="M1.0018"></a> vuccati. <span class="bld">Sāsana</span>nti paṭipattisāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanissayo</span> balavakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vajjanaṃ</span> anupagamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sevanā</span> bhāvanā. <span class="bld">Paṭipakkho</span>ti pahāyakapaṭipakkho. Yadipi gāthāyaṃ ‘‘sīle’’ti sāmaññato vuttaṃ, na ‘‘adhisīle’’ti. Taṃ pana taṇhājaṭāvijaṭanassa patiṭṭhābhūtaṃ adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlena adhisīlasikkhā pakāsitā’’</span>ti. Bhavagāmi hi sīlaṃ sīlameva, vibhavagāmi <a name="V1.0017"></a> sīlaṃ adhisīlasikkhā. Sāmaññajotanā hi visese avatiṭṭhatīti. Esa nayo sesasikkhāsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlenā</span>ti adhisīlasikkhābhūtena sīlena. Taṃ hi anaññasādhāraṇatāya sāsanassa ādikalyāṇataṃ pakāseti, na yamaniyamādimattaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlañca suvisuddhaṃ, sabbapāpassa akaraṇa’’</span>nti ca. <span class="bld">Kusalāna</span>nti maggakusalānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalāna</span>nti vā anavajjānaṃ. Tena ariyaphaladhammānampi saṅgaho siddho hoti. <span class="bld">Sabbapāpassa akaraṇa</span>nti sabbassāpi sāvajjassa akiriyā anajjhāpajjanaṃ. Etena cārittavārittabhedassa sabbassa sīlassa gahaṇaṃ kataṃ hoti. Kattabbākaraṇampi hi sāvajjamevāti. <span class="bld">Ādivacanato</span>ti gāthāyaṃ vuttasamādhipaññānaṃ ādimhi vacanato. Ādibhāvo cassa tammūlakattā uttarimanussadhammānaṃ. Ādīnaṃ vā vacanaṃ ādivacanaṃ. Ādisaddena cettha ‘‘sīlaṃ samādhi paññā ca, vimutti ca anuttarā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.186) evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Sīlassa visuddhattā vippaṭisārādihetūnaṃ dūrīkaraṇato avippaṭisārādiguṇāvahaṃ. ‘‘Avippaṭisārādiguṇāvahattā’’ti etena na kevalaṃ sīlassa kalyāṇatāva vibhāvitā, atha kho ādibhāvopīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tathā hissa <span class="bld">sutte</span> (pari. 366) avippaṭisārādīnaṃ vimuttiñāṇapariyosānānaṃ paramparapaccayatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Samādhinā</span>ti adhicittasikkhābhūtena samādhinā. Sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ saṅgahetvā pavattāya gāthāya ādipadena ādimhi paṭipajjitabbassa sīlassa, tatiyapadena pariyosāne paṭipajjitabbāya paññāya gahitattā majjhe paṭipajjitabbo samādhi pārisesato dutiyapadena gayhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘kusalassa upasampadātiādivacanato hi samādhi sāsanassa majjhe’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na kusalasaddassa samādhipariyāyattā. Pubbūpanissayavato hi samāhitatādiaṭṭhaṅgasamannāgamena abhinīhārakkhamatā samādhissa iddhividhādiguṇāvahattaṃ, aggamaggapaññāya adhigatāya yadatthaṃ pabbajati, taṃ pariyositanti <span class="bld">paññā sāsanassa</span> <a name="M1.0019"></a> <span class="bld">pariyosānaṃ</span>. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sikkhānisaṃsamidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ vussati saddhādhipateyyaṃ paññuttaraṃ vimuttisāra’’nti (a. ni. 4.245). Sakaṃ cittaṃ sacittaṃ, sacittassa sabbaso kilesānaṃ samucchindanena visodhanaṃ <span class="bld">sacittapariyodāpanaṃ</span>. Evaṃ pana paññākicce matthakappatte uttari karaṇīyābhāvato sāsanassa paññuttaratā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Tādibhāvāvahanato</span>ti yādiso iṭṭhesu, lābhādīsu ca anunayābhāvato, tādiso aniṭṭhesu, alābhādīsu ca paṭighābhāvato. Tato eva vā yādiso anāpāthagatesu iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu, tādiso āpāthagatesupīti <span class="bld">tādī</span>. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">tādibhāvo,</span> tassa āvahanato. <span class="bld">Vātenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0018"></a> vātahetu. <span class="bld">Na samīratī</span>ti na calati. <span class="bld">Na samiñjantī</span>ti na phandanti, kuto calananti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā sīlādayo adhisīlasikkhādīnaṃ pakāsakā, tathā tevijjatādīnaṃ upanissayassāti tesaṃ pakāsanākārūpasaṃhārattho tathā-saddo. Yasmā sīlaṃ visujjhamānaṃ satisampajaññabalena, kammassakatañāṇabalena ca saṃkilesamalato visujjhati pāripūriñca gacchati, tasmā sīlasampadā sijjhamānā upanissayasampattibhāvena satibalaṃ, ñāṇabalañca paccupaṭṭhapetīti tassā vijjattayūpanissayatā veditabbā sabhāgahetusampādanato. Satinepakkena hi pubbenivāsavijjāsiddhi, sampajaññena sabbakiccesu sudiṭṭhakāritāparicayena cutūpapātañāṇānubandhāya dutiyavijjāsiddhi, vītikkamābhāvena saṃkilesappahānasabbhāvato vivaṭṭūpanissayatāvasena ajjhāsayasuddhiyā tatiyavijjāsiddhi. Puretaraṃ siddhānaṃ samādhipaññānaṃ pāripūriṃ vinā sīlassa āsavakkhayañāṇūpanissayatā sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavehi dīpetabbā. Samādhipaññā viya abhiññāpaṭisambhidānaṃ sīlaṃ na sabhāgahetūti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na tato para’’</span>nti. ‘‘Samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.14) vacanato samādhisampadā chaḷabhiññatāya upanissayo. Paññā viya paṭisambhidānaṃ samādhi na sabhāgahetūti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na tato para’’</span>nti. ‘‘Yogā ve jāyate bhūrī’’ti (dha. pa. 282) vacanato pubbayogena, garuvāsadesabhāsākaosallauggahaparipucchādīhi ca paribhāvitā paññāsampatti paṭisambhidāpabhedassa upanissayo <a name="M1.0020"></a> paccekabodhisammāsambodhiyopi paññāsampattisannissayāti paññāya anadhigantabbassa visesassa abhāvato, tassā ca paṭisambhidāpabhedassa ekantikakāraṇato heṭṭhā viya ‘‘na tato para’’nti avatvā <span class="bld">‘‘na aññena kāraṇenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘sīlasampattiñhi nissāyā’’ti vuttattā yassa samādhivijambhanabhūtā anavasesā cha abhiññā na ijjhanti, tassa ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasena na samādhisampadā atthīti. Satipi vijjānaṃ abhiññekadesabhāve sīlasampattisamudāgatā eva tisso vijjā gahitā. Yathā hi paññāsampattisamudāgatā catasso paṭisambhidā upanissayasampannassa maggeneva ijjhanti, maggakkhaṇe eva tāsaṃ paṭilabhitabbato, evaṃ sīlasampattisamudāgatā tisso vijjā samādhisampattisamudāgatā ca cha abhiññā upanissayasampannassa maggeneva ijjhantīti maggādhigameneva <a name="V1.0019"></a> tāsaṃ adhigamo veditabbo. Paccekabuddhānaṃ, sammāsambuddhānañca paccekabodhisammāsambodhisamadhigamasadisā hi imesaṃ ariyānaṃ ime visesādhigamāti. Vinayasuttābhidhammesu sammāpaṭipattiyā tevijjatādīnaṃ upanissayatāpi yathāvuttavidhinā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sampannasīlassa kāmasevanābhāvato sīlena paṭhamantavivajjanaṃ vuttaṃ. Yebhuyyena hi sattā kāmahetu pāṇātipātādivasenāpi asuddhapayogā honti. Jhānasukhalābhino kāyakilamathassa sambhavo eva natthīti samādhinā dutiyantavivajjanaṃ vuttaṃ jhānasamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭakāyattā. <span class="bld">Paññāyā</span>ti maggapaññāya. Ukkaṭṭhaniddesena hi ekaṃsato ariyamaggova majjhimā paṭipatti nāma. Evaṃ santepi lokiyapaññāvasenapi antadvayavivajjanaṃ vibhāvetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlaṃ taṃsamaṅgino kāmasugatīsuyeva nibbattāpanato catūhi apāyehi vimuttiyā kāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlena apāyasamatikkamanupāyo pakāsito hotī’’</span>ti. Na hi pāṇātipātādipaṭivirati duggatiparikilesaṃ āvahati. Samādhi taṃsamaṅgino mahaggatabhūmiyaṃyeva nibbattāpanena sakalakāmabhavato vimocetīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samādhinā kāmadhātusamatikkamanupāyo pakāsito hotī’’</span>ti. Na hi kāmāvacarakammassa anubalappadāyīnaṃ kāmacchandādīnaṃ vikkhambhakaṃ jhānaṃ kāmadhātuparikilesāvahaṃ hoti. Na cettha upacārajjhānaṃ nidassetabbaṃ, appanāsamādhissa <a name="M1.0021"></a> adhippetattā. Nāpi ‘‘sīleneva atikkamitabbassa apāyabhavassa samādhinā atikkamitabbatā’’ti vacanokāso. Sugatibhavampi atikkamantassa duggatisamatikkamane kā kathāti. <span class="bld">Sabbabhavasamatikkamanupāyo</span>ti kāmabhavādīnaṃ navannampi bhavānaṃ samatikkamanupāyo sīlasamādhīhi atikkantāpi bhavā anatikkantā eva, kāraṇassa apahīnattā. Paññāya panassa suppahīnattā te samatikkantā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadaṅgappahānavasenā</span>ti dīpālokeneva tamassa puññakiriyavatthugatena tena tena kusalaṅgena tassa tassa akusalaṅgassa pahānavasena. <span class="bld">Samādhinā vikkhambhanappahānavasenā</span>ti upacārappanābhedena samādhinā pavattinivāraṇena ghaṭappahāreneva jalatale sevālassa tesaṃ tesaṃ nīvaraṇādidhammānaṃ pahānavasena. <span class="bld">Paññāyā</span>ti ariyamaggapaññāya. <span class="bld">Samucchedappahānavasenā</span>ti catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā taṃtaṃmaggavato attano santāne ‘‘diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 277) vuttassa <a name="V1.0020"></a> samudayapakkhiyassa kilesagaṇassa accantaṃ appavattisaṅkhātasamucchindanappahānavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilesānaṃ vītikkamapaṭipakkho</span>ti saṃkilesadhammānaṃ, kammakilesānaṃ vā yo kāyavacīdvāresu vītikkamo ajjhācāro, tassa paṭipakkho <span class="bld">sīlena pakāsito hoti,</span> avītikkamasabhāvattā sīlassa. Okāsādānavasena kilesānaṃ citte kusalappavattiṃ pariyādiyitvā uṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Taṃ samādhi vikkhambhetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādhinā pariyuṭṭhānapaṭipakkho pakāsito hotī’’</span>ti, samādhissa pariyuṭṭhānappahāyakattā. Appahīnabhāvena santāne anu anu sayanato kāraṇalābhe uppattirahā <span class="bld">anusayā,</span> te pana anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ laddhā uppajjanārahā thāmagatā kāmarāgādayo satta kilesā veditabbā. Te ariyamaggapaññāya sabbaso pahīyantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāya anusayapaṭipakkho pakāsito hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyaduccaritādi duṭṭhu caritaṃ, kilesehi vā dūsitaṃ caritanti <span class="bld">duccaritaṃ,</span> tameva yattha uppannaṃ, taṃ santānaṃ saṃkileseti vibādhati, upatāpeti cāti <span class="bld">saṃkileso,</span> tassa visodhanaṃ sīlena tadaṅgavasena pahānaṃ vītikkamapaṭipakkhattā sīlassa. Taṇhāsaṃkilesassa visodhanaṃ vikkhambhanavasena <a name="M1.0022"></a> pahānaṃ pariyuṭṭhānapaṭipakkhattā samādhissa, taṇhāya cassa ujuvipaccanikabhāvato. Diṭṭhisaṃkilesassa visodhanaṃ samucchedavasena pahānaṃ anusayapaṭipakkhattā paññāya, diṭṭhigatānañca ayāthāvagāhīnaṃ yāthāvagāhiniyā paññāya ujuvipaccanikabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāraṇa</span>nti upanissayapaccayo. <span class="bld">Sīlesu paripūrakārī</span>ti maggabrahmacariyassa ādibhūtattā ādibrahmacariyakānaṃ pārājikasaṅghādisesasaṅkhātānaṃ mahāsīlasikkhāpadānaṃ avītikkamanato khuddānukhuddakānaṃ āpajjane sahasāva tehi vuṭṭhānena sīlesu yaṃ kattabbaṃ, taṃ paripūraṃ samatthaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">sīlesu paripūrakārī. Tathā sakadāgāmī</span>ti ‘‘sīlesu paripūrakārī’’ti etaṃ upasaṃharati tathā-saddena. Ete hi dve ariyā samādhipāripanthikānaṃ kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ paññāpāripanthikassa saccapaṭicchādakamohassa sabbaso asamūhatattā samādhiṃ, paññañca bhāventāpi samādhipaññāsu yaṃ kattabbaṃ, taṃ mattaso pamāṇena padesamattameva karontīti samādhismiṃ, paññāya ca mattaso kārino ‘‘sīlesu paripūrakārino’’icceva vuccanti. Anāgāmī <a name="V1.0021"></a> pana kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ samucchinnattā <span class="bld">samādhismiṃ paripūrakārī</span>. Arahā sabbaso sammohassa susamūhatattā <span class="bld">paññāya paripūrakārī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuttaṃ hetaṃ bhagavatā (a. ni. 3.87) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlesu paripūrakārī hoti, samādhismiṃ mattaso kārī, paññāya mattaso kārī. So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni sikkhāpadāni, tāni āpajjatipi vuṭṭhātipi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi mettha, bhikkhave, abhabbatā vuttā. Yāni ca kho tāni sikkhāpadāni ādibrahmacariyakāni brahmacariyasāruppāni, tattha dhuvasīlo ca hoti ṭhitasīlo ca, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo. Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlesu…pe… so tiṇṇaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṃ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti. Sakideva imaṃ lokaṃ āgantvā dukkhassantaṃ karoti. Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlesu paripūrakārī <a name="M1.0023"></a> hoti, samādhismiṃ paripūrakārī, paññāya mattaso kārī. So yāni tāni…pe… sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ…pe… anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sīlesu paripūrakārī hoti, samādhismiṃ paripūrakārī, paññāya paripūrakārī. So yāni tāni khuddānukhuddakāni…pe… sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. So āsavānaṃ khayā…pe… upasampajja viharatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Katha’’nti pucchitvā sikkhādike vibhajitvā vuttamevatthaṃ nigametuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eva’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññe cā</span>ti tayo vivekā, tīṇi kusalamūlāni, tīṇi vimokkhamukhāni, tīṇi indriyānīti evamādayo, sikkhattikādīhi aññe ca guṇattikā. <span class="bld">Evarūpā</span>ti yādisakā sikkhattikādayo idha sīlādīhi pakāsitā honti, edisā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha hi vivaṭṭasannissitassa sīlassa idhādhippetattā sīlena kāyaviveko pakāsito hoti, samādhinā cittaviveko, paññāya upadhiviveko. Tathā sīlena adoso kusalamūlaṃ pakāsitaṃ hoti, titikkhappadhānatāya, aparūpaghātasabhāvatāya ca sīlassa. Samādhinā alobho <a name="V1.0022"></a> kusalamūlaṃ, lobhapaṭipakkhato, alobhapadhānatāya ca samādhissa. Paññāya pana amohoyeva. Sīlena ca animittavimokkhamukhaṃ pakāsitaṃ hoti. Adosappadhānaṃ hi sīlasampadaṃ nissāya dose ādīnavadassino aniccānupassanā sukheneva ijjhati, aniccānupassanā ca animittavimokkhamukhaṃ. Samādhinā appaṇihitavimokkhamukhaṃ. Paññāya suññatavimokkhamukhaṃ. Alobhappadhānaṃ hi kāmanissaraṇaṃ samādhisampadaṃ nissāya kāmesu ādīnavadassino dukkhānupassanā sukheneva ijjhati, dukkhānupassanā ca appaṇihitavimokkhamukhaṃ. Paññāsampadaṃ nissāya anattānupassanā sukheneva ijjhati, anattānupassanā ca suññatavimokkhamukhaṃ. Tathā sīlena anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ pakāsitaṃ hoti. Taṃ hi sīlesu paripūrakārino aṭṭhamakassa indriyaṃ. Samādhinā aññindriyaṃ. Taṃ hi ukkaṃsagataṃ samādhismiṃ paripūrakārino anāgāmino, aggamaggaṭṭhassa ca indriyaṃ. Paññāya aññātāvindriyaṃ pakāsitaṃ hoti. Taduppattiyā hi arahā paññāya paripūrakārīti. Iminā nayena aññe ca evarūpā guṇattikā sīlādīhi pakāsetabbā.</p>
<p class="chapter">1. Sīlaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlasarūpādikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="M1.0024"></a> vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Anekaguṇasaṅgāhakenā</span>ti adhisīlasikkhādīnaṃ, aññesañca anekesaṃ guṇānaṃ saṅgāhakena. <span class="bld">Sīlasamādhipaññāmukhenā</span>ti ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 277; theragā. 676; netti. 5) viya vipassanāmattādimukhena saṅkhepato adesetvā sīlasamādhipaññāmukhena desitopi, sattatiṃsāyapi vā bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ visuddhimaggantogadhattā tattha sīlasamādhipaññā mukhaṃ pamukhaṃ katvā desitopi. Etena sīlasamādhipaññāsu avasesabodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ sabhāvato, upakārato ca antogadhabhāvo dīpitoti veditabbaṃ. Atisaṅkhepadesitoyeva hoti sabhāvavibhāgādito avibhāvitattā. <span class="bld">Nāla</span>nti na pariyattaṃ na samatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti nātisaṅkhepanātivitthārarucīnampi, vipañcitaññuneyyānampi vā. Saṅkhepadesanā hi saṃkhittarucīnaṃ, ugghaṭitaññūnaṃyeva ca upakārāya hoti, na panitaresaṃ. <span class="bld">Assa</span> visuddhimaggassa. Pucchanaṭṭhena pañhā, kiriyā karaṇaṃ kammaṃ, pañhāva kammaṃ <span class="bld">pañhākammaṃ,</span> pucchanapayogo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃ sīla</span>nti sarūpapucchā. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhena sīla</span>nti kena atthena sīlanti vuccati, ‘‘sīla’’nti padaṃ kaṃ abhidheyyaṃ nissāya pavattanti attho. Tayidaṃ sīlaṃ sabhāvato, kiccato, upaṭṭhānākārato, āsannakāraṇato ca kathaṃ jānitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kānassa lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānānī’’</span>ti. Paṭipatti nāma diṭṭhānisaṃse eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kimānisaṃsa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Katividha</span>nti pabhedapucchā. Vibhāgavantānaṃ hi sabhāvavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanamukheneva hotīti. <span class="bld">Vodānaṃ</span> visuddhi. Sā ca saṃkilesamalavimutti. Taṃ icchantena yasmā upāyakosallatthinā anupāyakosallaṃ viya saṃkileso jānitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ko cassa saṃkileso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="V1.0024"></a> tasmiṃ, tassa vā pañhākammassa. <span class="bld">Vissajjana</span>nti vivaraṇaṃ. Pucchito hi attho avibhāvitattā nigūḷho muṭṭhiyaṃ kato viya tiṭṭhati. Tassa vivaraṇaṃ vissajjanaṃ vibhūtabhāvakāraṇato. <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātādīhī</span>ti ettha <a name="M1.0025"></a> <span class="bld">pāṇo</span>ti vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tassa saraseneva patanasabhāvassa antare eva ativa pātanaṃ <span class="bld">atipāto,</span> saṇikaṃ patituṃ adatvā sīghaṃ pātananti attho, atikkamma vā satthādīhi abhibhavitvā pātanaṃ atipāto, pāṇaghāto. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>saddena adinnādānādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Tehi pāṇātipātādīhi dussīlyakammehi. <span class="bld">Viramantassā</span>ti samādānavirativasena, sampattavirativasena ca oramantassa. <span class="bld">Vattapaṭipatti</span>nti upajjhāyavattādivattakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetanādayo dhammā</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ pāḷivasena vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha cetayatīti <span class="bld">cetanā,</span> attanā sampayuttadhammehi saddhiṃ ārammaṇe abhisandahatīti attho. Cetanāya anukūlavaseneva hi taṃsampayuttā dhammā ārammaṇe pavattanti. Cetanā kāmaṃ kusalattikasādhāraṇā, idha pana sīlacetanā adhippetāti katvā ‘‘kusalā’’ti veditabbā. Cetasi niyuttaṃ <span class="bld">cetasikaṃ,</span> cittasampayuttanti attho. Cetanāya satipi cetasikatte ‘‘cetanā sīla’’nti visuṃ gahitattā tadaññameva viratianabhijjhādikaṃ <span class="bld">cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ gobalībaddañāyena. Saṃvaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaro</span>. Yathā akusalā dhammā citte na otaranti, tathā pidahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avītikkamo</span> vītikkamassa paṭipakkhabhūtā avītikkamavasena pavattacittacetasikā. Tattha <span class="bld">cetanā sīlaṃ nāmā</span>tiādi yathāvuttassa suttapadassa vivaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Viramantassa cetanā</span>ti viratisampayuttaṃ padhānabhūtaṃ cetanamāha. <span class="bld">Pūrentassa cetanā</span>ti vattapaṭipattiāyūhinī. <span class="bld">Viramantassa viratī</span>ti viratiyā padhānabhāvaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha hi yadā ‘‘tividhā, bhikkhave, kāyasañcetanā kusalaṃ kāyakamma’’ntiādi (kathā. 539) vacanato pāṇātipātādīnaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtā tabbirativisiṭṭhā cetanā tathāpavattā padhānabhāvena pāṇātipātādipaṭiviratisādhikā hoti, tadā taṃsampayuttā viratianabhijjhādayo ca cetanāpakkhikā vā, abbohārikā vāti imamatthaṃ sandhāya cetanāsīlaṃ vuttaṃ. Yadā pana pāṇātipātādīhi saṅkocaṃ āpajjantassa tato viramaṇākārena pavattamānā cetanāvisiṭṭhā virati, anabhijjhādayo ca tattha tattha padhānabhāvena kiccasādhikā honti, tadā taṃsampayuttā cetanā viratiādipakkhikā <a name="M1.0026"></a> vā hoti, abbohārikā vāti imamatthaṃ sandhāya cetasikasīlaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0025"></a> <span class="bld">sutte</span> āgatanayena kusalakammapathavasena cetanācetasikasīlāni vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pajahantassā</span>ti samādānavasena ‘‘ito paṭṭhāya na karissāmī’’ti sampattavatthukānipi anajjhācaraṇena pajahantassa. <span class="bld">Satta kammapathacetanā</span>ti pāṇātipātādipahānasādhikā paṭipāṭiyā satta kusalakammapathacetanā. Abhijjhādivasena yaṃ paradāragamanādi karīyati, tassa pahāyakā anabhijjhādayo sīlanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘cetasikaṃ sīlaṃ nāma anabhijjhā…pe… sammādiṭṭhidhammā’’</span>ti. Yathā hi abhijjhābyāpādavasena micchācārapāṇātipātādayo karīyanti, evaṃ micchādiṭṭhivasenāpi te puttamukhadassanādiatthaṃ karīyanti. Tesañca pajahanakā anabhijjhādayoti. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvaro</span> cārittavārittavibhāgaṃ vinayapariyāpannaṃ sikkhāpadasīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Satisaṃvaro</span> manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ ārakkhā, sā ca tathāpavattā satiyeva. <span class="bld">Ñāṇasaṃvaro</span> paññā. <span class="bld">Khantisaṃvaro</span> adhivāsanā, sā ca tathāpavattā adosapadhānā khandhā, adoso eva vā. <span class="bld">Vīriyasaṃvaro</span> kāmavitakkādīnaṃ vinodanavasena pavattaṃ vīriyaṃ. Pātimokkhasaṃvarasatisaṃvarādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotānī</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhiavijjāduccaritaavasiṭṭhakilesasotāni. ‘‘Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmī’’ti vatvā ‘‘paññāyete pidhiyyare’’ti vacanena sotānaṃ saṃvaro pidahanaṃ samucchedanaṃ ñāṇanti viññāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idamatthikataṃ manasi katvā yena ñāṇena yoniso paccavekkhitvā paccayā paṭisevīyanti. Taṃ <span class="bld">paccayapaṭisevanampi</span> ñāṇasabhāvattā <span class="bld">ettheva</span> ñāṇasaṃvare eva <span class="bld">samodhānaṃ</span> saṅgahaṃ <span class="bld">gacchati</span>. Khamati adhivāsetīti <span class="bld">khamo. Uppanna</span>nti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ārammaṇe jātaṃ nibbattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmavitakka</span>nti kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ vitakkaṃ. <span class="bld">Nādhivāsetī</span>ti cittaṃ āropetvā abbhantare na vāseti. <span class="bld">Ājīvapārisuddhipī</span>ti buddhapaṭikuṭṭhaṃ micchājīvaṃ pahāya anavajjena paccayapariyesanena sijjhanakaṃ ājīvapārisuddhisīlampi <span class="bld">ettheva</span> vīriyasaṃvare eva samodhānaṃ gacchati vīriyasādhanattā. Ettha ca yathā ñāṇaṃ taṇhādisotānaṃ pavattinivāraṇato pidahanaṭṭhena saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro ca, parato pavattanakaguṇānaṃ ādhārādibhāvato sīlanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ<a name="M1.0027"></a>, evaṃ khanti anadhivāsanena uppajjanakakilesānaṃ adhivāsanena saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro ca, khamanahetu uppajjanakaguṇānaṃ ādhārādibhāvato sīlanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ, vīriyaṃ vinodetabbānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ vinodanena saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro ca, vinodanahetu uppajjanakaguṇānaṃ ādhārādibhāvato sīlanaṭṭhena sīlanti <a name="V1.0026"></a> veditabbaṃ. Yathā pana pātimokkhasīlādi tassa tassa pāpadhammassa pavattituṃ appadānavasena saṃvaraṇaṃ pidahanaṃ, taṃ upādāya saṃvaro, evaṃ asamādinnasīlassa āgatavatthuto viramaṇampīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yā ca pāpabhīrukānaṃ…pe… saṃvarasīlanti veditabba’’</span>nti. Na vītikkamati etenāti <span class="bld">avītikkamo</span>. Tathāpavatto kusalacittuppādo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Avasesesu</span> pana pañhesu. <span class="bld">Samādhānaṃ</span> saṇṭhapanaṃ. Dussīlyavasena hi pavattā kāyakammādayo sampati, āyatiñca ahitadukkhāvahā, na sammā ṭhapitāti asaṇṭhapitā vippakiṇṇā visaṭā ca nāma honti, susīlyavasena pana pavattā tabbipariyāyato saṇṭhapitā avippakiṇṇā avisaṭā ca nāma honti yathā taṃ okkhittacakkhutā abāhuppacālanādi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyakammādīnaṃ susīlyavasena avippakiṇṇatāti attho’’</span>ti. Etena samādhikiccato sīlanaṃ viseseti. Tassa hi samādhānaṃ sampayuttadhammānaṃ avikkhepahetutā. Idaṃ kāyakammādīnaṃ saṇṭhapanaṃ saṃyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upadhāraṇaṃ</span> adhiṭṭhānaṃ mūlabhāvo. Tathā hissa ādicaraṇādibhāvo vutto. Tena pathavīdhātukiccato sīlanaṃ visesitaṃ hoti. Sā hi sahajātarūpadhammānaṃ sandhāraṇavasena pavattati. Idaṃ pana anavajjadhammānaṃ mūlādhiṭṭhānabhāvena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kusalānaṃ dhammāna’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha kusaladhammā nāma sapubbabhāgā mahaggatānuttarā dhammā. <span class="bld">Aññe</span> pana ācariyā. <span class="bld">Siraṭṭho</span>ti yathā sirasi chinne sabbo attabhāvo vinassati, evaṃ sīle bhinne sabbaṃ guṇasarīraṃ vinassati. Tasmā tassa uttamaṅgaṭṭho <span class="bld">sīlaṭṭho</span>. ‘‘Siro sīsa’’nti vā vattabbe niruttinayena ‘‘sīla’’nti vuttanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sītalaṭṭho</span> pariḷāhavūpasamanaṭṭho. Tena ta-kārassa lopaṃ katvā niruttinayeneva ‘‘sīla’’nti vuttanti dasseti. Tathā hidaṃ payogasampāditaṃ sabbakilesapariḷāhavūpasamakaraṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Evamādinā</span>ti <a name="M1.0028"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sayanti akusalā etasmiṃ sati apaviṭṭhā hontīti sīlaṃ, supanti vā tena vihatussāhāni sabbaduccaritānīti sīlaṃ, sabbesaṃ vā kusaladhammānaṃ pavesārahasālāti sīlanti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. ‘‘Sīlanaṭṭhena sīla’’nti pubbe saddatthuddhārena pakāsitopi bhāvattho evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlanaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ tassā’’</span>ti. Na hi tassa cetanādibhedabhinnassa anavasesato saṅgāhako tato añño attho atthi, yo lakkhaṇabhāvena vucceyya. Nanu ca anekabhedasaṅgāhakaṃ sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ nāma siyā, na visesalakkhaṇanti anuyogaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sanidassanattaṃ rūpassa, yathā bhinnassanekadhā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="V1.0027"></a> hi nīlādivasena anekabhedabhinnassāpi rūpāyatanassa sanidassanattaṃ visesalakkhaṇaṃ tadaññadhammāsādhāraṇato. Na aniccatādi viya, ruppanaṃ viya vā sāmaññalakkhaṇaṃ, evamidhāpi daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiṃ panetaṃ sanidassanattaṃ nāma? Daṭṭhabbatā cakkhuviññāṇassa gocarabhāvo. Tassa pana rūpāyatanato anaññattepi aññehi dhammehi rūpāyatanaṃ visesetuṃ aññaṃ viya katvā saha nidassanena <span class="bld">sanidassana</span>nti vuccati. Dhammasabhāvasāmaññena hi ekībhūtesu dhammesu yo nānattakaro sabhāvo, so aññaṃ viya katvā upacarituṃ yutto. Evaṃ hi atthavisesāvabodho hotīti. Atha vā ‘‘saha nidassanenā’’ti ettha tabbhāvattho saha-saddo yathā nandirāgasahagatāti (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 14; paṭi. ma. 2.30).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dussīlyaviddhaṃsanarasa</span>nti kāyikaasaṃvarādibhedassa dussīlyassa vidhamanakiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavajjarasa</span>nti agārayhasampattikaṃ agarahitabbabhāvena sampajjanakaṃ, avajjapaṭipakkhabhāvena vā sampajjanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇādīsū</span>ti lakkhaṇarasādīsu vuccamānesu kiccameva, sampatti vā rasoti vuccati, na rasāyatanarasādīti adhippāyo. Keci pana ‘‘kiccamevā’’ti avadhāraṇaṃ tassa itararasato balavabhāvadassanatthanti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ, kiccameva, sampatti eva vā rasoti imassa atthassa adhippetattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soceyyapaccupaṭṭhāna</span>nti <a name="M1.0029"></a> kāyādīhi sucibhāvena paccupaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Gahaṇabhāva</span>nti gahetabbabhāvaṃ. Tena upaṭṭhānākāraṭṭhena paccupaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ, phalaṭṭhena pana avippaṭisārapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, samādhipaccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Sīlaṃ hi sampatiyeva avippaṭisāraṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti, paramparāya samādhiṃ. Imassa pana ānisaṃsaphalassa ānisaṃsakathāyaṃ vakkhamānattā idha aggahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Keci pana phalassa anicchitattā idha aggahaṇanti vadanti, tadayuttaṃ phalassa anekavidhattā, lokiyādisīlassāpi vibhajiyamānattā. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘nissitānissitavasenā’’tiādi (visuddhi. 1.10). Yathā pathavīdhātuyā kammādi dūrakāraṇaṃ, sesabhūtattayaṃ āsannakāraṇaṃ, yathā ca vatthassa tantavāyaturivemasalākādi dūrakāraṇaṃ, tantavo āsannakāraṇaṃ, evaṃ sīlassa saddhammassavanādi dūrakāraṇaṃ, hiriottappamassa āsannakāraṇanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘hirottappañca panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Hirottappe hī</span>tiādi tassa āsannakāraṇabhāvasādhanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">uppajjati</span> samādānavasena, <span class="bld">tiṭṭhati</span> avītikkamavasenāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlānisaṃsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Avippaṭisārādī</span>ti <a name="V1.0028"></a> ettha vippaṭisārapaṭipakkho kusalacittuppādo avippaṭisāro. So pana visesato ‘‘lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me, yassa me suparisuddhaṃ sīla’’nti attano sīlassa paccavekkhaṇavasena pavattoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena pāmojjabhogasampattikittisaddādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Avippaṭisāratthānī</span>ti avippaṭisārappayojanāni. <span class="bld">Kusalānī</span>ti anavajjāni. <span class="bld">Avippaṭisārānisaṃsānī</span>ti avippaṭisāruddayāni. Etena avippaṭisāro nāma sīlassa uddayamattaṃ, saṃvaḍḍhitassa rukkhassa chāyāpupphasadisaṃ. Añño eva panānena nipphādetabbo samādhiādiguṇoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlavato sīlasampadāyā</span>ti parisuddhaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ katvā sīlassa sampādanena sīlavato, tāya eva sīlasampadāya. <span class="bld">Appamādādhikaraṇa</span>nti appamādakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Bhogakkhandha</span>nti bhogarāsiṃ. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī</span>ti ‘‘itipi sīlavā, itipi kalyāṇadhammo’’ti sundaro thutighoso uṭṭhahati, lokaṃ pattharati. <span class="bld">Visārado</span>ti attani kiñci garahitabbaṃ <a name="M1.0030"></a> upavaditabbaṃ apassanto vigatasārajjo nibbhayo. <span class="bld">Amaṅkubhūto</span>ti avilakkho. <span class="bld">Asammūḷho</span>ti ‘‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 3.248) vippaṭisārābhāvato, kusalakammādīnaṃyeva ca tadā upaṭṭhānato amūḷho pasannamānaso eva kālaṃkaroti. <span class="bld">Kāyassa bhedā</span>ti upādinnakkhandhapariccāgā, jīvitindriyassa upacchedā. <span class="bld">Paraṃ maraṇā</span>ti cutito uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sugati</span>nti sundaraṃ gatiṃ. Tena manussagatipi saṅgayhati. <span class="bld">Sagga</span>nti devagatiṃ. Sā hi rūpādīhi visayehi suṭṭhu aggoti saggo, lokiyati ettha uḷāraṃ puññaphalanti <span class="bld">loko</span>ti ca vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākaṅkheyya ce</span>ti yadi iccheyya. <span class="bld">Piyo ca assa</span>nti piyāyitabbo piyacakkhūhi passitabbo pemaniyo bhaveyyanti attho. <span class="bld">Manāpo</span>ti sabrahmacārīnaṃ manavaḍḍhanako, tesaṃ vā manena pattabbo, mettacittena pharitabboti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Garū</span>ti garuṭṭhāniyo pāsāṇachattasadiso. <span class="bld">Bhāvanīyo</span>ti ‘‘addhā ayamāyasmā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’’ti sambhāvanīyo. <span class="bld">Sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī</span>ti catupārisuddhisīlesu eva paripūrakārī assa, anūnakārī paripūraṇākārena samannāgato bhaveyya. ‘‘Ādinā nayenā’’ti etena ‘‘ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto <a name="V1.0029"></a> anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.65) evamādike sīlathomanasuttāgate sattarasa sīlānisaṃse saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni na kevalamime eva avippaṭisārādayo, atha kho aññepi bahū sīlānisaṃsā vijjantīti te dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sāsane</span>ti imasmiṃ sakalalokiyalokuttaraguṇāvahe satthusāsane. Ācāra<span class="bld">kulaputtānaṃ yaṃ</span> sīlaṃ <span class="bld">vinā patiṭṭhā</span> avaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">natthi, tassa</span> evaṃ mahānubhāvassa <span class="bld">sīlassa</span> ānisaṃsānaṃ <span class="bld">paricchedaṃ</span> parimāṇaṃ <span class="bld">ko vade</span> ko vattuṃ sakkuṇeyyāti attho. Etena sabbesaṃyeva lokiyalokuttarānaṃ guṇānaṃ sīlameva mūlabhūtanti dassetvā tato parampi malavisodhanena, pariḷāhavūpasamanena, sucigandhavāyanena, sagganibbānādhigamūpāyabhāvena, sobhālaṅkārasādhanatāya bhayavidhamanena, kittipāmojjajanena ca sīlasadisaṃ aññaṃ sattānaṃ hitasukhāvahaṃ natthīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘na gaṅgā’’</span>tiādikā gāthā abhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0031"></a> <span class="bld">sarabhū</span>ti ekā nadī, ‘‘yaṃ loke sarabhū’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ninnagā vāciravatī</span>ti ‘‘aciravatī’’ti evaṃnāmikā nadī, <span class="bld">vā</span>ti sabbattha vā-saddo aniyamattho. Tena avuttā godhāvarīcandabhāgādikā saṅgaṇhāti. Pāṇanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">pāṇīnaṃ</span> sattānaṃ yaṃ malaṃ <span class="bld">sīlajalaṃ visodhayati, taṃ malaṃ visodhetuṃ na sakkuṇanti</span> gaṅgādayo nadiyoti paṭhamagāthāya na-kāraṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Hārā</span>ti muttāhārā. <span class="bld">Maṇayo</span>ti veḷuriyādimaṇayo. <span class="bld">Ariya</span>nti visuddhaṃ. Sīlasamuṭṭhāno kittisaddo gandho manoharabhāvato, disāsu abhibyāpanato ca <span class="bld">‘‘sīlagandho’’</span>ti vutto. So hi paṭivātepi pavattati. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘satañca gandho paṭivātametī’’ti (dha. pa. 54; a. ni. 3.80; mi. pa. 5.4.1). <span class="bld">Dosānaṃ balaṃ</span> nāma vatthujjhācāro, taṃ tesaṃ kātuṃ adentaṃ sīlaṃ dosānaṃ balaṃ ghātetīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlappabhedakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Katividha’’</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">vidha</span>-saddo koṭṭhāsapariyāyo ‘‘ekavidhena rūpasaṅgaho’’tiādīsu viya, pakārattho vā, katippakāraṃ kittakā sīlassa pakārabhedāti attho. <span class="bld">Sīlanalakkhaṇenā</span>ti sīlanasaṅkhātena sabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Caranti <a name="V1.0030"></a> tena sīlesu paripūrakāritaṃ upagacchantīti carittaṃ, carittameva <span class="bld">cārittaṃ</span>. Vāritato tena attānaṃ tāyanti rakkhantīti <span class="bld">vārittaṃ</span>. Adhiko samācāro abhisamācāro, tattha niyuttaṃ, so vā payojanaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">ābhisamācārikaṃ</span>. Ādi brahmacariyassāti ādibrahmacariyaṃ, tadeva <span class="bld">ādibrahmacariyakaṃ</span>. Viramati etāya, sayaṃ vā viramati, viramaṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">virati,</span> na viratīti <span class="bld">avirati</span>. Nissayatīti <span class="bld">nissitaṃ,</span> na nissitanti <span class="bld">anissitaṃ</span>. Pariyanto etassa atthīti <span class="bld">pariyantaṃ,</span> kālena pariyantaṃ <span class="bld">kālapariyantaṃ,</span> yathāparicchinno vā kālo pariyanto etassāti <span class="bld">kālapariyantaṃ</span>. Yāva pāṇanaṃ jīvanaṃ koṭi etassāti <span class="bld">āpāṇakoṭikaṃ</span>. Attano paccayehi loke niyuttaṃ, tattha vā viditanti <span class="bld">lokiyaṃ</span>. Lokaṃ uttaratīti <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paccayato, phalato ca majjhimapaṇītehi nihīnaṃ, tesaṃ vā guṇehi parihīnanti <span class="bld">hīnaṃ</span>. Attano paccayehi padhānabhāvaṃ nītanti <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ</span>. Ubhinnameva vemajjhe <a name="M1.0032"></a> bhavaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimaṃ</span>. Attādhipatito āgataṃ <span class="bld">attādhipateyyaṃ</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Taṇhāya, diṭṭhiyā vā parāmaṭṭhaṃ padhaṃsitanti <span class="bld">parāmaṭṭhaṃ</span>. Tappaṭikkhepato <span class="bld">aparāmaṭṭhaṃ</span>. Paṭippassaddhakilesaṃ <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhaṃ</span>. Sikkhāsu jātaṃ, sekkhassa idanti vā <span class="bld">sekkhaṃ</span>. Pariniṭṭhitasikkhākiccatāya asekkhadhammapariyāpannaṃ <span class="bld">asekkhaṃ</span>. Tadubhayapaṭikkhepena <span class="bld">nevasekkhanāsekkhaṃ</span>. Hānaṃ bhajati, hānabhāgo vā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyaṃ</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Appaparimāṇattā pariyantavantaṃ, pārisuddhivantañca sīlaṃ <span class="bld">pariyantapārisuddhisīlaṃ</span>. Anappaparimāṇattā apariyantaṃ, pārisuddhivantañca sīlaṃ <span class="bld">apariyantapārisuddhisīlaṃ</span>. Sabbaso puṇṇaṃ, pārisuddhivantañca sīlaṃ <span class="bld">paripuṇṇapārisuddhisīlaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘sīlanaṭṭhena sīla’’ntiādinā (visuddhi. 1.7) heṭṭhā vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Idaṃ kattabbanti paññattasikkhāpadapūraṇa</span>nti idaṃ ābhisamācārikaṃ kattabbaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti evaṃ paññattassa sikkhāpadasīlassa pūraṇaṃ. Sikkhāpadasīlaṃ hi pūrento sikkhāpadampi pūreti pāleti nāma. Sikkhā eva vā sikkhitabbato, paṭipajjitabbato ca <span class="bld">sikkhāpadaṃ</span>. Tassa pūraṇantipi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Idaṃ na kattabbanti paṭikkhittassa akaraṇa</span>nti idaṃ duccaritaṃ na kattabbanti bhagavatā paṭikkhittassa akaraṇaṃ viramaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Caranti tasmi</span>nti tasmiṃ sīle taṃsamaṅgino carantīti sīlassa adhikaraṇataṃ vibhāvento tesaṃ pavattiṭṭhānabhāvaṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlesu paripūrakāritāya pavattantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vārita</span>nti idaṃ na kattabbanti paṭikkhittaṃ akappiyaṃ<a name="V1.0031"></a>. <span class="bld">Tāyantī</span>ti akaraṇeneva tāyanti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti vārittasīlamāha. Vāreti vā satthā ettha, etena vāti <span class="bld">vāritaṃ,</span> sikkhāpadaṃ. Taṃ avikopento tāyanti tenāti <span class="bld">vārittaṃ. Saddhāvīriyasādhana</span>nti saddhāya, uṭṭhānavīriyena ca sādhetabbaṃ. Na hi asaddho, kusīto ca vattapaṭipattiṃ paripūreti, saddho eva satthārā paṭikkhitte aṇumattepi vajje bhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāsādhanaṃ vāritta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Adhisīlasikkhāpariyāpannattā abhivisiṭṭho samācāroti abhisamācāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uttamasamācāro’’</span>ti. Abhisamācārova <span class="bld">ābhisamācārikaṃ,</span> yathā venayikoti (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 8) adhippāyo. Abhisamācāro ukkaṭṭhaniddesato <a name="M1.0033"></a> maggasīlaṃ, phalasīlañca, taṃ ārabbha uddissa tadatthaṃ tappayojanaṃ paññattaṃ <span class="bld">ābhisamācārikaṃ</span>. Suparisuddhāni tīṇi kāyakammāni, cattāri vacīkammāni, suparisuddho ājīvoti idaṃ <span class="bld">ājīvaṭṭhamakaṃ</span>. Tattha kāmaṃ ājīvahetukato sattavidhaduccaritato virati sammāājīvoti sopi sattavidho hoti, sammājīvatāsāmaññena pana taṃ ekaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. Atha vā tividhakuhanavatthusannissayato micchājīvato viratiṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā vutto <span class="bld">‘‘ājīvo suparisuddho’’</span>ti. Seṭṭhacariyabhāvato maggo eva brahmacariyanti <span class="bld">maggabrahmacariyaṃ,</span> tassa. <span class="bld">Ādibhāvabhūta</span>nti ādimhi bhāvetabbataṃ nipphādetabbataṃ bhūtaṃ pattaṃ ādibhāvabhūtaṃ. Kiñcāpi desanānukkamena sammādiṭṭhi ādi, paṭipattikkamena pana ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ ādīti. <span class="bld">Tassa sampattiyā</span>ti ābhisamācārikassa sampajjanena paripūraṇena <span class="bld">ādibrahmacariyakaṃ sampajjati</span>. Yo hi lahukānipi appasāvajjāni parivajjeti, so garukāni mahāsāvajjāni bahvādīnavāni parivajjessatīti vattabbameva natthīti. Suttaṃ pana etamatthaṃ byatirekavasena vibhāveti. Tattha <span class="bld">dhamma</span>nti sīlaṃ. Taṃ hi upariguṇavisesānaṃ dhāraṇaṭṭhena dhammoti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Viratisīlassa itarasīlena satipi sampayogādike asammissakatādassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘veramaṇimatta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Nissitānissitavasenā’’ti ettha labbhamānanissayaṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nissayo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha taṇhācaritena nissayitabbato taṇhāva <span class="bld">taṇhānissayo</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">diṭṭhinissayo</span>. Diṭṭhicarito hi asatipi diṭṭhiyā taṇhāvirahe diṭṭhinissitova pavattati. <span class="bld">Devo</span>ti catumahārājasakkasuyāmādipākaṭadevamāha<a name="V1.0032"></a>. <span class="bld">Devaññataro</span>ti apākaṭaṃ. Taṇhaṃ eva nissitanti <span class="bld">taṇhānissitaṃ</span>. Taṇhāya nissitanti ca keci vadanti. Tesaṃ ‘‘dve nissayā’’tiādinā virujjhati. <span class="bld">Suddhidiṭṭhiyā</span>ti ‘‘iti saṃsārasuddhi bhavissatī’’ti evaṃ pavattadiṭṭhiyā, lokuttaraṃ sīlanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti lokuttarasseva sambhārabhūtaṃ kāraṇabhūtaṃ, vivaṭṭūpanissayanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kālaparicchedaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘imañca rattiṃ, imañca diva’’ntiādinā (a. ni. 8.41) viya kālavasena paricchedaṃ katvā. Kālaparicchedaṃ akatvā samādinnampi antarāvicchinnaṃ <a name="M1.0034"></a> sampattavirativasena yāvajīvaṃ pavattitampi āpāṇakoṭikaṃ na hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāvajīvaṃ samādiyitvā tatheva pavattita’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābhayasañātiaṅgajīvitavasenā</span>ti lābhayasānaṃ anuppannānaṃ uppādanavasena, uppannānaṃ rakkhaṇavasena ceva vaḍḍhanavasena ca ñātiaṅgajīvitānaṃ avināsanavasena. <span class="bld">Kiṃ so vītikkamissatī</span>ti yo vītikkamāya cittampi na uppādeti, so kāyavācāhi vītikkamissatīti kiṃ idaṃ, natthetanti attho. Paṭikkhepe hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">kiṃ</span>-saddo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇabhāvena vaṇo viya āsave kāmāsavādike paggharatīti sampayogabhāvābhāvepi sahāsavehīti <span class="bld">sāsavaṃ</span>. Tebhūmakadhammajātanti sīlaṃ tappariyāpannanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sāsavaṃ sīlaṃ lokiya’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Bhavavisesā</span> sampattibhavā. <span class="bld">Vinayo</span>ti vinayapariyatti, tattha vā āgatasikkhāpadāni. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ</span> taruṇapīti. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ</span> sapaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ, tadadhiṭṭhānā vā taruṇavipassanā. <span class="bld">Nibbidā</span>ti nibbidāñāṇaṃ. Tena balavavipassanamāha. <span class="bld">Virāgo</span> maggo. <span class="bld">Vimutti</span> arahattaphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ</span> paccavekkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Kathā</span>ti vinayakathā. <span class="bld">Mantanā</span>ti vinayavicāraṇā. <span class="bld">Upanisā</span>ti yathāvuttakāraṇaparamparāsaṅkhāto upanissayo. <span class="bld">Lokuttaraṃ</span> maggaphalacittasampayuttaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ. Tattha maggasīlaṃ <span class="bld">bhavanissaraṇāvahaṃ hoti, paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa ca bhūmi,</span> phalasīlaṃ pana paccavekkhaṇāñāṇasseva bhūmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Hīnādhimuttivasena chandādīnampi hīnatā. Paṇītādhimuttivasena paṇītatā. Tadubhayavemajjhatāvasena majjhimatā. Yatheva hi kammaṃ āyūhanavasena hīnādibhedabhinnaṃ hoti, evaṃ <a name="V1.0033"></a> chandādayopi pavattiākāravasena. So ca nesaṃ pavattiākāro adhimuttibhedenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yasakāmatāyā</span>ti kittisilokābhiratiyā, parivāricchāya vā. ‘‘Kathaṃ nāma mādiso īdisaṃ kareyyā’’ti pāpajigucchāya <span class="bld">ariyabhāvaṃ nissāya. Anupakkiliṭṭha</span>nti attukkaṃsanaparavambhanāhi, aññehi ca upakkilesehi anupakkiliṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavabhogatthāyā</span>ti bhavasampattiatthañceva bhogasampattiatthañca. <span class="bld">Attano vimokkhatthāya pavattita</span>nti sāvakapaccekabodhisattasīlamāha. <span class="bld">Sabbasattānaṃ vimokkhatthāyā</span>ti sabbasattānaṃ saṃsārabandhanato <a name="M1.0035"></a> vimocanatthāya. <span class="bld">Pāramitāsīlaṃ</span> mahābodhisattasīlaṃ. Yā karuṇūpāyakosallapariggahitā mahābodhiṃ ārabbha pavattā paramukkaṃsagatasoceyyasallekhā desakālasattādivikapparahitā sīlapāramitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ananurūpa</span>nti asāruppaṃ. Attā eva garu adhipati etassāti <span class="bld">attagaru,</span> lajjādhiko. Attādhipatito āgataṃ <span class="bld">attādhipateyyaṃ</span>. Loko adhipati garu etassāti <span class="bld">lokādhipati,</span> ottappādhiko. Dhammo nāmāyaṃ mahānubhāvo ekantaniyyāniko, so ca paṭipattiyāva pūjetabbo. Tasmā ‘‘naṃ sīlasampadāya pūjessāmī’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">dhammamahattaṃ pūjetukāmena</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parāmaṭṭhattā</span>ti parābhavavasena āmaṭṭhattā. Taṇhādiṭṭhiyo hi ‘‘imināhaṃ sīlena devo vā bhavissāmi devaññataro vā, iminā me sīlena saṃsārasuddhi bhavissatī’’ti pavattassa sīlaṃ parāmasantiyo taṃ parābhavaṃ pāpenti maggassa anupanissayabhāvakaraṇato. <span class="bld">Puthujjanakalyāṇakassā</span>ti puthujjanesu kalyāṇakassa. So hi puthujjanova hutvā kalyāṇehi sīlādīhi samannāgato. Parāmasanakilesānaṃ vikkhambhanato, samucchindanato ca tehi na parāmaṭṭhanti <span class="bld">aparāmaṭṭhaṃ</span>. Tassa tassa kilesadarathassa paṭippassambhanato vūpasamanato <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katapaṭikamma</span>nti vuṭṭhānadesanāhi yathādhammaṃ katapaṭikāraṃ. Evaṃ hi taṃ sīlaṃ paṭipākatikameva hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ visuddha’’</span>nti. ‘‘Katapaṭikamma’’nti iminā ca ‘‘na punevaṃ karissa’’nti adhiṭṭhānampi saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Acchamaṃsaṃ nu kho, sūkaramaṃsaṃ nu kho’’tiādinā <span class="bld">vatthumhi vā,</span> ‘‘pācittiyaṃ nu kho, dukkaṭaṃ nu kho’’tiādinā <span class="bld">āpattiyā vā,</span> ‘‘mayā taṃ vatthu vītikkantaṃ nu kho, na nu kho vītikkanta’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">ajjhācāre vā vematikassa</span> saṃsayāpannassa. <span class="bld">Visodhetabbaṃ</span> yathādhammaṃ paṭikammena. Vimati eva vematikaṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">vematike</span> sati, vimatiyā uppannāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Vimati paṭivinetabbā</span>ti sayaṃ vā taṃ vatthuṃ <a name="V1.0034"></a> vicāretvā, vinayadhare vā pucchitvā kaṅkhā vinodetabbā. Nikkaṅkhena pana kappiyaṃ ce kātabbaṃ, akappiyaṃ ce chaḍḍetabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iccassa phāsu bhavissatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Catūhi</span> <a name="M1.0036"></a> <span class="bld">ariyamaggehī’’</span>tiādinā maggaphalapariyāpannaṃ sīlaṃ maggaphalasampayuttaṃ vuttaṃ. Samudāyesu pavattavohārā avayavesupi pavattantīti. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti sabbaṃ lokiyasīlaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakatipī</span>ti sabhāvopi. <span class="bld">Sukhasīlo</span> sakhilo sukhasaṃvāso. <span class="bld">Tena pariyāyenā</span>ti pakatiatthavācakatthena. Ekaccaṃ abyākataṃ sīlaṃ idhādhippetasīlena ekasaṅgahanti akusalassevāyujjamānataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha akusala’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tathā hi sekkhattikaṃ idha gahitaṃ, idha na upanītaṃ kusalattikanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti vutteneva nayena kusalattikaṃ aggahetvā hīnattikādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ tikānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">assa</span> sīlassa <span class="bld">tividhatā veditabbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Yodhā</span>ti yo idha. <span class="bld">Vatthuvītikkame</span>ti āpattiyā vatthuno vītikkamane ajjhācāre. Kāmasaṅkappādayo nava mahāvitakkā <span class="bld">micchāsaṅkappā. Evarūpassā</span>ti edisassa. Tassa hi sīlavante anupasaṅkamitvā dussīle sevantassa tato eva tesaṃ diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanena paṇṇattivītikkame adosadassāvino micchāsaṅkappabahulatāya manacchaṭṭhāni indriyāni arakkhato sīlaṃ ekaṃseneva <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyaṃ</span> hoti, na ṭhitibhāgiyaṃ, kuto visesādibhāgiyatā. <span class="bld">Sīlasampattiyā</span>ti sīlapāripūriyā catupārisuddhisīlena. <span class="bld">Aghaṭantassa uttarī</span>ti uttari visesādhigamāya avāyamantassa. <span class="bld">Ṭhitibhāgiyaṃ sīlaṃ bhavati</span> asamādhisaṃvattaniyattā. Sampādite hi samādhismiṃ sīlassa samādhisaṃvattaniyatā nicchiyati. <span class="bld">Samādhatthāyā</span>ti samathavasena samādhānatthāya. <span class="bld">Nibbida</span>nti vipassanaṃ. Balavavipassanādassanatthaṃ nibbidāgahaṇaṃ tāvatāpi sīlassa nibbedhabhāgiyabhāvasiddhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāni ca sikkhāpadāni nesaṃ rakkhitabbānīti sambandho, tāni pana asādhāraṇapaññattito aññāni. <span class="bld">Nesa</span>nti ‘‘rakkhitabbānī’’ti padaṃ apekkhitvā kattari sāmivacanaṃ, tehi bhikkhūhīti attho. <span class="bld">Sati vā ussāhe</span>ti ussakkitvā sīlāni rakkhituṃ ussāhe sati. <span class="bld">Dasā</span>ti sāmaṇerehi rakkhitabbasīlamāha ghaṭikārādīnaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhā</span>ti naccādimālādiveramaṇiṃ ekaṃ katvā sabbapacchimavajjāni aṭṭha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avītikkamo</span>ti <a name="M1.0037"></a><a name="V1.0035"></a> pañcannaṃ sīlānaṃ avītikkamo. <span class="bld">Pakatisīla</span>nti sabhāvasīlaṃ. Tatrūpapattiniyataṃ hi sīlaṃ uttarakurukānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mariyādācāritta</span>nti tassa tassa sāvajjassa akaraṇe mariyādabhūtaṃ, tattha tattha kulādīsu pubbapurisehi ṭhapitaṃ cārittaṃ. Kuladesapāsaṇḍadhammo hi ‘‘ācārasīla’’nti adhippetaṃ. Tattha kuladhammo tāva brāhmaṇādīnaṃ amajjapānādi, desadhammo ekaccajanapadavāsīnaṃ ahiṃsanādi, pāsaṇḍadhammo titthiyānaṃ yamaniyamādi. Titthiyamataṃ hi diṭṭhipāsena, taṇhāpāsena ca ḍeti pavattati, pāsaṃ vā bādhaṃ ariyavinayassa ḍetīti ‘‘pāsaṇḍa’’nti vuccati. ‘‘Pakatiyā sīlavatī hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.20) vacanato bodhisattamātu pañcasikkhāpadasīlaṃ paripuṇṇameva. Idaṃ pana ukkaṃsagataṃ bodhisattapitaripi cittuppādamattenapi asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ ‘‘dhammatāsīla’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmaguṇūpasaṃhita</span>nti kāmakoṭṭhāsesu assādūpasaṃhitaṃ kāmassādagadhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammatāsīla</span>nti dhammatāya kāraṇaniyāmena āgataṃ sīlaṃ. Sīlapāramiṃ hi paramukkaṃsaṃ pāpetvā kucchigatassa mahābodhisattassa sīlatejena guṇānubhāvena bodhisattamātu saraseneva paramasallekhappattaṃ sīlaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahākassapādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena bhaddādike saṅgaṇhāti. Te kira suciraṃ kālaṃ suparisuddhasīlā eva hutvā āgatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘suddhasattāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tāsu tāsu jātīsū</span>ti sīlavarājamahiṃsarājādijātīsu. Pubbe purimajātiyaṃ siddho hetu etassāti <span class="bld">pubbahetukasīlaṃ</span>. Idaṃ pana pakatisīlādisamādānena vinā avītikkamalakkhaṇaṃ sampattaviratisaṅgahaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ bhagavatā evaṃ vuttaṃ sīlanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti vakkhamānasīlaparipūrakassa puggalassa sannissayabhūtasāsanaparidīpanaṃ, aññasāsanassa ca tathābhāvapaṭisedhanaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo…pe… suññā parappavādā samaṇebhi aññehī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.214; ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241). <span class="bld">Bhikkhū</span>ti tassa sīlassa paripūrakapuggalaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto</span>ti idamassa pātimokkhasīle patiṭṭhitabhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti idamassa tadanurūpavihārasamaṅgibhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācāragocarasampanno</span>ti idaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarassa, upariadhigantabbaguṇānañca upakārakadhammaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī</span>ti idaṃ pātimokkhato acavanabhāvaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādāyā</span>ti sikkhāpadānaṃ anavasesato ādānaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sikkhatī</span>ti sikkhāya samaṅgibhāvaparidīpanaṃ<a name="M1.0038"></a>. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadesū</span>ti sikkhitabbadhammaparidīpanaṃ. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti <a name="V1.0036"></a> pātimokkhasaṃvarasīle patiṭṭhitabhikkhu. Tena yādisassa indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ icchitabbaṃ, taṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā</span>ti yato so saṃvaro, taṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti yattha so saṃvaro, taṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī</span>ti saṃvarassa upāyaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Yatvādhikaraṇa…pe… anvāssaveyyu</span>nti saṃvarassa paṭipakkhaṃ tattha ādīnavaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Saṃvarāya paṭipajjatī</span>ti pageva satiyā upaṭṭhapetabbataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Rakkhati cakkhundriya</span>nti satiyā upaṭṭhāpanameva cakkhundriyassa ārakkhāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī</span>ti tathābhūtā satiyevettha saṃvaroti dasseti. Vītikkamassa vasenāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Channaṃ sikkhāpadāna</span>nti ‘‘ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā asantaṃ abhūtaṃ uttarimanussadhammaṃ ullapatī’’tiādinā āgatānaṃ channaṃ pārājikādipaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ. Sāmantajappanādinā tividhena kuhanavatthunā vimhāpanaṃ <span class="bld">kuhanā</span>. Attānaṃ, dāyakaṃ vā ukkhipitvā yathā so kiñci dadāti, evaṃ kathanaṃ <span class="bld">lapanā</span>. Nimittaṃ vuccati paccayadānasaññuppādakaṃ kāyavacīkammaṃ, tena nimittena carati, nimittaṃ vā karotīti nemittiko, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nemittikatā</span>. Gandhādayo viya lābhāya paresaṃ akkosanādinā nipisatīti nippeso, nippesova nippesiko, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nippesikatā</span>. Mahicchatāya attanā laddhalābhena parato lābhapariyesanā <span class="bld">lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatā. Evamādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena anuppiyabhāṇitācāṭukamyatādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Paṭisaṅkhānena paccavekkhaṇāya parisuddho asaṃkiliṭṭho <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānaparisuddho</span>. Cattāro paccayā paribhuñjīyanti etenāti <span class="bld">catupaccayaparibhogo,</span> tathāpavattā anavajjacetanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tesu pātimokkhasaṃvarādīsu. <span class="bld">Ādito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti ‘‘idha bhikkhū’’tiādinā (vibha. 508; dī. ni. 1.194) āgatadesanāya ādito pabhuti. <span class="bld">Vinicchayakathā</span>ti tattha saṃsayavidhamanena vinicchayāvahā kathā. Paṭhamassa atthassa <a name="M1.0039"></a> sabbasādhāraṇattā asādhāraṇaṃ pabbajitāveṇikaṃ pariyāyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘chinnabhinnapaṭadharāditāya vā’’</span>ti āha. Evaṃ hissa paripuṇṇapātimokkhasaṃvarayogyatā dassitā hoti. Bhinnapaṭadharādibhāvo ca nāma daliddassāpi niggahitassa hotīti tato visesetuṃ ‘‘saddhāpabbajito’’ti vatvā paṭipattiyā yogyabhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kulaputto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ācārakulaputto vā hi paṭipajjituṃ sakkoti jātikulaputto vā. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadasīla</span>nti cārittavārittappabhedaṃ sikkhāpadavasena paññattaṃ sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Yo</span>ti <a name="V1.0037"></a> aniyamaniddeso yo koci puggalo. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti vinayapariyāpannaṃ sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti puggalaṃ. <span class="bld">Mokkheti</span> sahakārikāraṇabhāvato. Apāye bhavāni <span class="bld">āpāyikāni. Ādi</span>-saddena tadaññaṃ sabbasaṃsāradukkhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Saṃvaraṇaṃ</span> kāyavacīdvārānaṃ pidahanaṃ. Yena te saṃvutā pihitā honti, so saṃvaro. Yasmā pana so sattannaṃ āpattikkhandhānaṃ avītikkamo vītikkamapaṭipakkhoti katvā, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyikavācasikassa avītikkamassetaṃ nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Pātimokkhasaṃvarena saṃvuto</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarena pihitakāyavacīdvāro. Tathābhūto ca yasmā taṃ upeto tena ca samaṅgī nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upagato samannāgatoti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – kilesānaṃ balavabhāvato, pāpakiriyāya sukarabhāvato, puññakiriyāya ca dukkarabhāvato bahukkhattuṃ apāyesu patanasīloti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> puthujjano. Aniccatāya vā bhavādīsu kammavegakkhitto ghaṭiyantaṃ viya anavaṭṭhānena paribbhamanato gamanasīloti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> maraṇavasena vā tamhi tamhi sattanikāye attabhāvassa pātanasīloti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> sattasantāno, cittameva vā. Taṃ pātinaṃ saṃsāradukkhato mokkhetīti pātimokkhaṃ. Cittassa hi vimokkhena satto ‘‘vimutto’’ti vuccati. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘cittavodānā visujjhantī’’ti, ‘‘anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimutta’’nti (mahāva. 28) ca. Atha vā avijjādinā hetunā saṃsāre patati gacchati pavattatīti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> ‘‘avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarata’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.124) hi vuttaṃ. Tassa pātino sattassa taṇhādisaṃkilesattayato mokkho etenāti pātimokkhaṃ<a name="M1.0040"></a>. ‘‘Kaṇṭhekāḷo’’tiādīnaṃ viyassa samāsasiddhi veditabbā. Atha vā pāteti vinipāteti dukkheti <span class="bld">pāti,</span> cittaṃ. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘cittena nīyati loko, cittena parikassatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.62). Tassa pātino mokkho etenāti pātimokkhaṃ, patati vā etena apāyadukkhe, saṃsāradukkhe cāti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> taṇhādisaṃkileso. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘taṇhā janeti purisaṃ (saṃ. ni. 1.55-57), taṇhādutiyo puriso’’ti (itivu. 15, 105; a. ni. 4.9; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. pārāyanānugītigāthāniddesa) ca ādi. Tato pātito mokkhoti pātimokkhaṃ. Atha vā patati etthāti pātīni, cha ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘chasu loko samuppanno, chasu kubbati santhava’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.70; su. ni. 171). Tato chaajjhattikabāhirāyatanasaṅkhātato pātito mokkhoti pātimokkhaṃ. Atha vā pāto vinipāto assa <a name="V1.0038"></a> atthīti <span class="bld">pātī,</span> saṃsāro. Tato mokkhoti pātimokkhaṃ, atha vā sabbalokādhipatibhāvato dhammissaro bhagavā ‘‘patī’’ti vuccati. Muccati etenāti mokkho, patino mokkho tena paññattattāti patimokkho, patimokkho eva pātimokkhaṃ. Sabbaguṇānaṃ vā mūlabhāvato uttamaṭṭhena pati ca so yathāvuttenatthena mokkho cāti patimokkho, patimokkho eva pātimokkhaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘pātimokkhanti mukhametaṃ pamukhameta’’nti (mahāva. 135) vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā pa-iti pakāre, atī-ti accantatthe nipāto, tasmā pakārehi accantaṃ mokkhetīti pātimokkhaṃ. Idaṃ hi sīlaṃ sayaṃ tadaṅgavasena, samādhisahitaṃ paññāsahitañca vikkhambhanavasena, samucchedavasena ca accantaṃ mokkheti mocetīti pātimokkhaṃ, pati pati mokkhoti vā patimokkho, tamhā tamhā vītikkamadosato paccekaṃ mokkhoti attho, patimokkho eva pātimokkhaṃ. Mokkhoti vā nibbānaṃ, tassa mokkhassa paṭibimbabhūtoti patimokkho. Sīlasaṃvaro hi sūriyassa aruṇuggamanaṃ viya nibbānassa udayabhūto tappaṭibhāgo viya yathārahaṃ kilesanibbāpanato, patimokkhoyeva pātimokkhaṃ. Atha vā mokkhaṃ pati vattati, mokkhābhimukhanti vā patimokkhaṃ, patimokkhameva pātimokkhanti evamettha pātimokkha-saddassa attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Iriyatī</span>ti attabhāvaṃ pavatteti. ‘‘Viharatī’’ti iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarasīle ṭhitassa <a name="M1.0041"></a> bhikkhuno iriyāpathavihāro dassito. <span class="bld">Pāḷiya</span>nti <span class="bld">jhānavibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ</span> (vibha. 508 ādayo).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kāmaṃ samaṇacāraṃ, samaṇagocarañca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ācāragocarasampanno’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, yathā pana maggaṃ ācikkhanto ‘‘vāmaṃ muñca, dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhā’’ti vajjetabbapubbakaṃ gahetabbaṃ vadeyya, yathā vā sasīsanhānena pahīnasedamalajallikassa mālāgandhavilepanādivibhūsanasaṃvidhānaṃ yuttarūpaṃ, evaṃ pahīnapāpadhammassa kalyāṇadhammasamāyogo yuttarūpoti ‘‘atthi ācāro, atthi anācāro’’ti dvayaṃ uddisitvā anācāraṃ tāva vibhajituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha katamo anācāro’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyiko vītikkamo</span>ti tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Vācasiko vītikkamo</span>ti catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyikavācasiko</span>ti tadubhayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlassa vītikkamo dassito. Idāni mānasaṃ anācāraṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sabbampi <a name="V1.0039"></a> dussīlyaṃ anācāro’’ti vatvā tattha ekacciyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘idhekacco veḷudānena vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">veḷudānenā</span>ti paccayuppādanatthena veḷudānena. <span class="bld">Pattadānā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Veḷū</span>ti manussānaṃ payojanāvaho yo koci veḷudaṇḍo. <span class="bld">Pattaṃ</span> gandhikādīnaṃ gandhapaliveṭhanādiatthaṃ vā, tālanāḷikerādipattaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Pupphaṃ</span> yaṃ kiñci manussānaṃ payojanāvahaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">phalaṃ. Sinānaṃ</span> sirīsacuṇṇādinhāniyacuṇṇaṃ. Mattikāpi ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchati. <span class="bld">Dantakaṭṭhaṃ</span> yaṃ kiñci mukhasodhanatthaṃ dantaponaṃ. <span class="bld">Cāṭukamyatā</span> attānaṃ dāsaṃ viya nīcaṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā parassa khalitavacanaṃ saṇṭhapetvā piyakāmatāya paggayhavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Muggasūpyatā</span>ti muggasūpasamatā saccālikena jīvitakappanaṃ. Yathā hi muggasūpe paccante bahū muggā paccanti, katipayā na paccanti, evaṃ saccālikena jīvitakappane bahu alikaṃ hoti, appakaṃ saccanti. Paribhaṭatīti paribhaṭo, paresaṃ dārake pariharanto. Paribhaṭassa kammaṃ <span class="bld">pāribhaṭyaṃ,</span> sā eva <span class="bld">pāribhaṭyatā,</span> alaṅkaraṇādinā kuladārakapariharaṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Tesaṃ tesaṃ gihīnaṃ gāmantaradesantarādīsu sāsanapaṭisāsanaharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">jaṅghapesanikaṃ. Aññataraññatarenā</span>ti etesaṃ vā veḷudānādīnaṃ vejjakammabhaṇḍāgārikakammapiṇḍapaṭipiṇḍakammasaṅghuppādacetiyuppādapaṭṭhapanādīnaṃ vā micchājīvena jīvitakappanakakammānaṃ yena kenaci<a name="M1.0042"></a>. <span class="bld">Buddhapaṭikuṭṭhenā</span>ti buddhehi garahitena paṭisiddhena. <span class="bld">Micchājīvenā</span>ti na sammāājīvena. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati anācāro</span>ti ayaṃ sabbopi ‘‘anācāro’’ti kathīyati. Ācāraniddeso vuttapaṭipakkhanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocaraniddesepi paṭhamaṃ agocarassa vacane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Gocaro</span>ti piṇḍapātādīnaṃ atthāya upasaṅkamituṃ yuttaṭṭhānaṃ. Ayuttaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">agocaro</span>. Vesiyā gocaro assāti <span class="bld">vesiyāgocaro,</span> mittasanthavavasena upasaṅkamitabbaṭṭhānanti attho. Vesiyā nāma rūpūpajīviniyo, tā mittasanthavavasena na upasaṅkamitabbā, samaṇabhāvassa antarāyakarattā, parisuddhāsayassāpi garahahetuto, tasmā dakkhiṇādānavasena satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāva upasaṅkamitabbā. <span class="bld">Vidhavā</span> vuccanti matapatikā, pavutthapatikā vā. <span class="bld">Thullakumārikā</span>ti mahallikā aniviṭṭhakumāriyo, <span class="bld">paṇḍakā</span>ti napuṃsakā. Te hi ussannakilesā avūpasantapariḷāhā lokāmisasannissitakathābahulā, tasmā na upasaṅkamitabbā. <span class="bld">Bhikkhuniyo</span> nāma ussannabrahmacariyā. Tathā bhikkhūpi. Tesaṃ aññamaññaṃ visabhāgavatthubhāvato santhavavasena upasaṅkamane katipāheneva brahmacariyantarāyo siyā, tasmā na upasaṅkamitabbā. Gilānapucchanādivasena upasaṅkamane satokārinā bhavitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pānāgāra</span>nti surāpānagharaṃ. Taṃ soṇḍajanehi <a name="V1.0040"></a> avivittaṃ hoti. Tattha tehi soṇḍatādivasena na upasaṅkamitabbaṃ brahmacariyantarāyakarattā. <span class="bld">Saṃsaṭṭho viharati rājūhī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">rājāno</span> nāma ye rajjamanusāsanti. <span class="bld">Rājamahāmattā</span> rājissariyasadisāya issariyamattāya samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Titthiyā</span>ti viparītadassanā bāhirakaparibbājakā. <span class="bld">Titthiyasāvakā</span>ti tesu daḷhabhattā paccayadāyakā. <span class="bld">Ananulomikena saṃsaggenā</span>ti tissannaṃ sikkhānaṃ ananulomikena paccanīkabhūtena saṃsaggena saṃsaṭṭho viharati, yena brahmacariyantarāyaṃ vā sallekhaparihāniṃ vā pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni aparenapi pariyāyena agocaraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāni vā pana tānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">assaddhānī</span>ti buddhādīsu saddhāvirahitāni. Tato eva <span class="bld">appasannāni,</span> kammakammaphalasaddhāya vā abhāvena <span class="bld">assaddhāni</span>. Ratanattayappasādābhāvena <span class="bld">appasannāni. Akkosakaparibhāsakānī</span>ti akkosavatthūhi <a name="M1.0043"></a> akkosakāni ceva bhayadassanena santajjanakāni ca. Atthaṃ na icchanti anatthameva icchantīti <span class="bld">anatthakāmāni</span>. Hitaṃ na icchanti ahitameva icchantīti <span class="bld">ahitakāmāni</span>. Phāsu na icchanti aphāsuṃyeva icchantīti <span class="bld">aphāsukakāmāni</span>. Yogakkhemaṃ nibbhayaṃ na icchanti, ayogakkhemameva icchantīti <span class="bld">ayogakkhemakāmāni. Bhikkhūna</span>nti ettha sāmaṇerānampi saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunīna</span>nti ettha sikkhamānasāmaṇerīnaṃ. Sabbesaṃ hi sāsanikānaṃ anatthakāmatādīpanapadamidaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathārūpāni kulānī</span>ti tādisāni khattiyakulādīni. <span class="bld">Sevatī</span>ti nissāya jīvati. <span class="bld">Bhajatī</span>ti upasaṅkamati. <span class="bld">Payirupāsatī</span>ti punappunaṃ upagacchati. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ vesiyādiko, rājādiko, assaddhakulādiko ca taṃ taṃ sevantassa tippakāropi ayutto gocaroti <span class="bld">agocaro</span>. Ettha hi vesiyādiko pañcakāmaguṇanissayato <span class="bld">agocaro</span>. Yathāha ‘‘ko ca, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno agocaro paravisayo? Yadidaṃ pañca kāmaguṇā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.372). Rājādiko samaṇadhammassa anupanissayato, lābhasakkārāsanivicakkanippothanadiṭṭhivipattihetuto ca. Assaddhakulādiko saddhāhānicittasantāsāvahato <span class="bld">agocaro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gocaraniddese ‘‘na vesiyāgocaro’’tiādīni vuttapaṭipakkhavasena veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Opānabhūtānī</span>ti udapānabhūtāni bhikkhusaṅghassa, bhikkhunīsaṅghassa ca catumahāpathe khatapokkharaṇī viya yathāsukhaṃ ogāhanakkhamāni. <span class="bld">Kāsāvapajjotānī</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ, bhikkhunīnañca nivatthapārutakāsāvānaṃyeva pabhāhi ekobhāsāni. <span class="bld">Isivātapaṭivātānī</span>ti gehaṃ pavisantānaṃ<a name="V1.0041"></a>, nikkhamantānañca bhikkhubhikkhunīsaṅkhātānaṃ isīnaṃ cīvaravātena ceva samiñjanapasāraṇādijanitasarīravātena ca paṭivātāni pavāyitāni viniddhutakibbisāni vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni niddese āgatanayenāpi ācāragocare dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ pātimokkhasīlaniddese. <span class="bld">Imināpi nayenā</span>ti idāni vuccamānavidhināpi. <span class="bld">Saṅghagato</span>ti saṅghasannipātaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Acittīkārakato</span>ti akatacittīkāro, akatagāravoti attho. <span class="bld">Ghaṭṭayanto</span>ti sarīrena, cīvarena vā ghaṃsanto. Puratopi tiṭṭhati acittīkārakatoti <a name="M1.0044"></a> sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitakopī</span>ti upari tiṭṭhanto viya āsannataraṭṭhāne ṭhitakopi bhaṇati. <span class="bld">Bāhāvikkhepako</span>ti bāhuṃ vikkhipanto. <span class="bld">Anupāhanāna</span>nti anādare sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saupāhano</span>ti upāhanāruḷho. <span class="bld">There bhikkhū anupakhajjā</span>ti therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ anupavisitvā tesaṃ āsannataraṭṭhānaṃ upagantvā. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhaṃ pakkhipati</span> aggikuṇḍe. <span class="bld">Vokkammā</span>ti passato atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Gūḷhāni</span> sabhāvato paṭicchannāni sāṇipākārādinā paṭicchāditāni. <span class="bld">Anāpucchā</span>ti anāpucchitvā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti anācārassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apica bhikkhū</span>tiādi sabbasseva bhikkhuno ācāradassanavasena pavattaṃ aṭṭhakathāvacanaṃ, na niddesapāḷi. Saddhāsīlasutacāgādiguṇahetuko garubhāvo garukaraṇaṃ vā gāravo, saha gāravenāti <span class="bld">sagāravo</span>. Garuṭṭhāniyesu gāravasārajjādivasena paṭissāyanā patissā, sappatissavapaṭipatti. Saha patissāyāti <span class="bld">sappatisso</span>. Savisesaṃ hirimanatāya, ottappibhāvena ca <span class="bld">hirottappasampanno</span>. Sekhiyadhammapāripūrivasena <span class="bld">sunivattho supāruto. Pāsādikenā</span>ti pasādāvahena, itthambhūtalakkhaṇe cetaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Eseva nayo ito paresupi chasu padesu. <span class="bld">Abhikkantenā</span>ti abhikkamena. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathasampanno</span>ti sampannairiyāpatho. Tena sesairiyāpathānampi pāsādikatamāha. <span class="bld">Indriyesu guttadvāro</span>ti cakkhundriyādīsu chasu dvāresu susaṃvihitārakkho. <span class="bld">Bhojane mattaññū</span>ti paribhuñjitabbato bhojanasaññite catubbidhepi paccaye pariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogādivasena sabbaso pamāṇaññū. <span class="bld">Jāgariyamanuyutto</span>ti pubbarattāpararattaṃ bhāvanāmanasikārasaṅkhātaṃ jāgariyaṃ sātaccakāritāvasena anu anu yutto tattha yuttapayutto. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññena samannāgato</span>tiādi yathāvuttassa ācārassa sambhāradassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">appiccho</span>ti niiccho. <span class="bld">Santuṭṭho</span>ti yathālābhādivasena santosena tuṭṭho. <span class="bld">Sakkaccakārī</span>ti ādarakārī. <span class="bld">Garucittīkārabahulo</span>ti <a name="V1.0042"></a> garuṭṭhāniyesu garukaraṇabahulo. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccati ācāro</span>ti ayaṃ sagāravatādi atthakāmehi ācaritabbato ācāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sīlādīnaṃ guṇānaṃ upanissayabhūto <span class="bld">upanissayagocaro</span>. Satisaṅkhāto cittassa ārakkhabhūto eva gocaro <span class="bld">ārakkhagocaro</span>. Kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhāto cittassa upanibandhanaṭṭhānabhūto gocaro <span class="bld">upanibandhagocaro</span>. Appicchatādīhi <a name="M1.0045"></a> dasahi vivaṭṭanissitāya kathāya vatthubhūtehi guṇehi samannāgato <span class="bld">dasakathāvatthuguṇasamannāgato</span>. Tato eva kalyāṇo sundaro mittoti <span class="bld">kalyāṇamitto</span>. Tassa lakkhaṇaṃ parato āgamissati. <span class="bld">Assutaṃ</span> suttageyyādiṃ. <span class="bld">Suṇātī</span>ti sutamayaṃ ñāṇaṃ uppādeti. <span class="bld">Sutaṃ pariyodāpetī</span>ti tameva yathāsutaṃ avisadatāya apariyodātaṃ punappunaṃ paripucchanādinā visodheti nijjaṭaṃ nigumbaṃ karoti. Tattha ca ye kaṅkhaṭṭhāniyā dhammā, tesu saṃsayaṃ chindanto <span class="bld">kaṅkhaṃ vitarati</span>. Kammakammaphalesu, ratanattaye ca sammādiṭṭhiyā ujukaraṇena <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karoti</span>. Tato eva ca duvidhāyapi saddhāsampadāya <span class="bld">cittaṃ pasādeti</span>. Atha vā yathāsutaṃ dhammaṃ pariyodapetvā tatthāgate rūpārūpadhamme pariggahetvā sapaccayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ pariggaṇhanto sattadiṭṭhivaṅkavidhamanena <span class="bld">diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karoti</span>. Dhammānaṃ paccayapaccayuppannatāmattadassanena tīsupi addhāsu <span class="bld">kaṅkhaṃ vitarati</span>. Tato paraṃ ca udayabbayañāṇādivasena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ariyabhūmiṃ okkamanto aveccapasādena ratanattaye <span class="bld">cittaṃ pasādeti</span>. Tathābhūtova tassa kalyāṇamittassa anusikkhanena saddhādīhi guṇehi na hāyati, aññadatthu vaḍḍhateva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yassa vā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antaraghara</span>nti antare antare gharāni ettha, taṃ etassāti vā ‘‘antaraghara’’nti laddhanāmaṃ gocaragāmaṃ paviṭṭho. Tattha ghare ghare bhikkhāpariyesanāya vīthiṃ paṭipanno. <span class="bld">Okkhittacakkhū</span>ti heṭṭhākhittacakkhu. Kittakena pana okkhittacakkhu hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yugamattadassāvī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Susaṃvuto</span>ti saṃyato. Yathā panettha susaṃvuto nāma hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hatthiṃ olokento’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yesu satipaṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ</span> bhāvanācittaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanibandhatī</span>ti upanetvā nibandhati. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathā <a name="V1.0043"></a> thambhe nibandheyya, vacchaṃ damaṃ naro idha;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bandheyyevaṃ sakaṃ cittaṃ, satiyārammaṇe daḷha’’nti. (visuddhi. 1.217; dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.374; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.107; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.163);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satipaṭṭhānānaṃ upanibandhagocarabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sako pettiko visayo</span>ti attano pitu sammāsambuddhassa santako, tena diṭṭho dassito ca visayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṇuppamāṇesū</span>ti <a name="M1.0046"></a> paramāṇuppamāṇesu. <span class="bld">Asañciccaāpannasekhiyaakusalacittuppādādibhedesū</span>ti asañcicca āpannasekhiyesu akusalacittuppādādibhedesūti evaṃ asañciccaggahaṇaṃ sekhiyavisesanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sekhiyaggahaṇena cettha <span class="bld">vattakkhandhakādīsu</span> (cūḷava. 356 ādayo) āgatavattādīnampi gahaṇaṃ. Tepi hi sikkhitabbaṭṭhena ‘‘sekhiyā’’ti icchitā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">mātikāyaṃ</span> pārājikādīnaṃ viya sekhiyānaṃ paricchedo na kato. Evañca katvā ‘‘asañcicca āpannasekhiyā’’ti asañciccaggahaṇaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Na hi <span class="bld">mātikāyaṃ</span> āgatesu pañcasattatiyā sekhiyesu nosaññāvimokkho nāma atthi, asañciccaggahaṇeneva cettha asatiajānanānampi saṅgaho kato. Keci panettha asiñcicca āpannaggahaṇena acittakāpattiyo gahitāti vadanti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ, garukāpattīsupi kāsañci acittakabhāvasabbhāvato, adhiṭṭhānāvikammassa, desanāvikammasseva vā sabbalahukassa vajjassa idhādhippetattā. Tenāha ‘‘yāni tāni vajjāni appamattakāni oramattakāni lahukāni lahusammatānī’’tiādi. Ādisaddena pātimokkhasaṃvaravisuddhatthaṃ anatikkamanīyānaṃ anāpattigamanīyānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Bhayadassanasīlo</span>ti paramāṇumattaṃ vajjaṃ aṭṭhasaṭṭhiyojanasatasahassubbedhasinerupabbatasadisaṃ katvā dassanasabhāvo, sabbalahukaṃ vā dubbhāsitamattaṃ pārājikasadisaṃ katvā dassanasabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti mūlapaññattianupaññattisabbatthapaññattipadesapaññattiādibhedaṃ yaṃ kiñci sikkhitabbaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ pūretabbaṃ sīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā ādāyā</span>ti sammadeva sakkaccaṃ, sabbaso ca ādiyitvā. Ayaṃ pana ācāragocarasampadā kiṃ pātimokkhasīle pariyāpannā, udāhu apariyāpannāti? Pariyāpannā. Yadi evaṃ kasmā puna vuttāti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Indriyasaṃvarasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. Indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ <a name="V1.0044"></a> pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlassa sambhārabhūtaṃ, tasmiṃ satiyeva icchitabbanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘soti pātimokkhasaṃvarasīle ṭhito bhikkhū’’</span>ti. Sampādite hi etasmiṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ suguttaṃ surakkhitameva hoti, susaṃvihitakaṇṭakavati viya sassanti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇavasenā</span>ti asādhāraṇakāraṇassa vasena. Asādhāraṇakāraṇavasena <a name="M1.0047"></a> hi phalaṃ apadisīyati, yathā yavaṅkuro bherisaddoti. Nissayavohārena vā etaṃ nissitavacanaṃ, yathā mañcā ukkuṭṭhiṃ karontīti. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti rūpāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti ettha yadi cakkhu rūpaṃ passeyya, aññaviññāṇasamaṅginopi passeyyuṃ, na cetaṃ atthi, kasmā? Acetanattā cakkhussa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhu rūpaṃ na passati acittakattā’’</span>ti. Atha viññāṇaṃ rūpaṃ passeyya, tirokuṭṭādigatampi naṃ passeyya appaṭighabhāvato, idampi natthi sabbassa viññāṇassa dassanābhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cittaṃ na passati acakkhukattā’’</span>ti. Tattha yathā cakkhusannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ passati, na yaṃ kiñci. Tañca kenaci kuṭṭādinā antarite na uppajjati, yattha ālokassa vibandho. Yattha pana na vibandho phalikagabbhapaṭalādike, tattha antaritepi uppajjateva. Evaṃ viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ cakkhu passati, na yaṃ kiñcīti viññāṇādhiṭṭhitaṃ cakkhuṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvārārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭe</span>ti dvārassa ārammaṇena saṅghaṭṭe sati, cakkhussa rūpārammaṇe āpāthagateti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pasādavatthukena cittenā</span>ti cakkhupasādavatthukena tannissāya pavattena viññāṇena, yaṃ ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇa’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti oloketi. Cakkhupasādasannissaye hi viññāṇe ālokānuggahitaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ sannissayaguṇena obhāsente taṃsamaṅgipuggalo ‘‘rūpaṃ passatī’’ti vuccati. Obhāsanañcettha ārammaṇassa yathāsabhāvato vibhāvanaṃ, yaṃ ‘‘paccakkhato gahaṇa’’nti vuccati. Usunā lakkhassa vedhe sijjhante tassa sambhārabhūtena dhanunā vijjhatīti vacanaṃ viya viññāṇena rūpadassane sijjhante cakkhunā rūpaṃ passatīti <span class="bld">īdisī sasambhārakathā nāmesā hoti</span>. Sasambhārā kathā <span class="bld">sasambhārakathā,</span> dassanassa kāraṇasahitāti attho. Sasambhārassa vā dassanassa kathā <span class="bld">sasambhārakathā. Tasmā</span>ti yasmā kevalena cakkhunā, kevalena vā viññāṇena rūpadassanaṃ natthi, tasmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthipurisanimittaṃ vā</span>ti ettha itthisantānanissitarūpamukhena gayhamānaṃ saṇṭhānaṃ thanamaṃsāvisadatā <a name="V1.0045"></a> nimmassumukhatā kesabandhanavatthaggahaṇaṃ avisadaṭṭhānagamanādi ca sabbaṃ ‘‘itthī’’ti sañjānanassa kāraṇabhāvato <span class="bld">itthinimittaṃ</span>. Vuttavipariyāyato <span class="bld">purisanimittaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Subhanimittādikaṃ vā</span>ti ettha rāguppattihetubhūto iṭṭhākāro <span class="bld">subhanimittaṃ. Ādi</span>-saddena paṭighanimittādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0048"></a> saṅgaho. So pana dosuppattiādihetubhūto aniṭṭhādiākāro veditabbo. Kāmañcettha pāḷiyaṃ abhijjhādomanassāva sarūpato āgatā, upekkhānimittassāpi pana saṅgaho icchitabbo, asamapekkhanena uppajjanakamohassāpi asaṃvarabhāvato. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘muṭṭhasaccaṃ vā aññāṇaṃ vā’’ti. <span class="bld">Upekkhānimitta</span>nti cettha aññāṇupekkhāya vatthubhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ, tañcassa asamapekkhanavasena veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ saṅkhepato rāgadosamohānaṃ kāraṇaṃ ‘‘subhanimittādika’’nti vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kilesavatthubhūtaṃ nimitta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhamatteyeva saṇṭhātī</span>ti ‘‘diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissatī’’ti (udā. 10) sutte vuttanayena vaṇṇāyatane cakkhuviññāṇena, vīthicittehi ca gahitamatteyeva tiṭṭhati, na tato paraṃ kiñci subhādiākāraṃ parikappeti. <span class="bld">Pākaṭabhāvakaraṇato</span>ti paribyattabhāvakaraṇato vibhūtabhāvakaraṇato. Visabhāgavatthuno hi hatthādiavayavesu subhādito parikappentassa aparāparaṃ tattha uppajjamānā kilesā paribyattā hontīti te tesaṃ <span class="bld">anubyañjanā</span> nāma. Te pana yasmā tathā tathā sanniviṭṭhānaṃ bhūtupādāyarūpānaṃ sannivesākāro. Na hi taṃ muñcitvā paramatthato hatthādi nāma koci atthi. Tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘hatthapāda…pe… ākāraṃ na gaṇhātī’’</span>ti. Kiṃ pana gaṇhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ tattha bhūtaṃ, tadeva gaṇhātī’’</span>ti. Yaṃ tasmiṃ sarīre vijjamānaṃ kesalomādi bhūtupādāyamattaṃ vā, tadeva yāthāvato gaṇhāti. Tattha asubhākāragahaṇassa nidassanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyapabbatavāsī’’</span>tiādinā mahātissattheravatthuṃ āhari.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">sumaṇḍitapasādhitā</span>ti suṭṭhu maṇḍitā pasādhitā ca. Ābharaṇādīhi āhārimehi maṇḍanaṃ. Sarīrassa ucchādanādivasena paṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ pasādhananti vadanti, ābharaṇehi, pana vatthālaṅkārādīhi ca alaṅkaraṇaṃ pasādhanaṃ. Ūnaṭṭhānapūraṇaṃ maṇḍanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipallatthacittā</span>ti rāgavasena viparītacittā. <span class="bld">Olokento</span>ti thero kammaṭṭhānamanasikāreneva gacchanto saddakaṇṭakattā pubbabhāgamanasikārassa hasitasaddānusārena ‘‘kimeta’’nti olokento. <span class="bld">Asubhasañña</span>nti aṭṭhikasaññaṃ. Aṭṭhikakammaṭṭhānaṃ hi thero tadā pariharati. <span class="bld">Arahattaṃ pāpuṇī</span>ti thero <a name="M1.0049"></a> kira tassā hasantiyā dantaṭṭhidassaneneva pubbabhāgabhāvanāya subhāvitattā paṭibhāganimittaṃ, sātisayañca upacārajjhānaṃ labhitvā yathāṭhitova tattha paṭhamajjhānaṃ adhigantvā taṃ pādakaṃ katvā <a name="V1.0046"></a> vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā maggaparamparāya āsavakkhayaṃ pāpuṇi. <span class="bld">Pubbasaññaṃ anussarī</span>ti pubbakaṃ yathāraddhaṃ kālena kālaṃ anuyuñjiyamānaṃ aṭṭhikakammaṭṭhānaṃ anussari samannāhari. <span class="bld">Anumagga</span>nti anupathaṃ tassā padānupadaṃ. Therassa kira bhāvanāya paguṇabhāvato dantaṭṭhidassaneneva tassā sakalasarīraṃ aṭṭhikasaṅghātabhāvena upaṭṭhāsi. Na taṃ ‘‘itthī’’ti vā ‘‘puriso’’ti vā sañjāni. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nābhijānāmi…pe… mahāpathe’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Yassa cakkhundriyāsaṃvarassa hetū’’</span>ti vatvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘tassa cakkhundriyassa satikavāṭena pidahanatthāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, na asaṃvarassāti. Yadidaṃ yaṃ cakkhundriyāsaṃvarassa hetu abhijjhādianvāssavanaṃ dassitaṃ, taṃ asaṃvutacakkhundriyasseva hetu pavattaṃ dassitanti katvā vuttaṃ. Cakkhudvārikassa hi abhijjhādianvāssavanassa taṃdvārikaviññāṇassa viya cakkhundriyaṃ padhānakāraṇaṃ. Cakkhundriyassa asaṃvutatte sati te anvāssavantīti asaṃvariyamānacakkhundriyahetuko so asaṃvaro tathā vuttoti. Yatvādhikaraṇanti hi yassa cakkhundriyassa kāraṇāti attho. Kīdisassa ca kāraṇāti? Asaṃvutassa, kiñca asaṃvutaṃ? Yassa cakkhundriyāsaṃvarassa hetu abhijjhādayo anvāssavanti, <span class="bld">tassa saṃvarāyā</span>ti ayamettha yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Javanakkhaṇe pana sace dussīlyaṃ vā</span>tiādi puna avacanatthaṃ idheva sabbaṃ vuttanti chasu dvāresu yathāsambhavaṃ veditabbaṃ. Na hi pañcadvāre kāyavacīduccaritasaṅkhātaṃ dussīlyaṃ atthi, tasmā dussīlyāsaṃvaro manodvāravasena, sesāsaṃvaro chadvāravasena yojetabbo. Muṭṭhasaccādīnaṃ hi satipaṭipakkhākusaladhammādibhāvato siyā pañcadvāre uppatti, na tveva kāyikavācasikavītikkamabhūtassa dussīlyassa tattha uppatti, pañcadvārikajavanānaṃ aviññattijanakattā. Dussīlyādayo cettha pañca asaṃvarā sīlasaṃvarādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ saṃvarānaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvena vuttā. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ satī</span>ti tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā</span> <a name="M1.0050"></a> <span class="bld">ki</span>nti yena pakārena javane uppajjamāno asaṃvaro ‘‘cakkhundriye asaṃvaro’’ti vuccati, taṃ nidassanaṃ kinti attho. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>tiādinā nagaradvāre asaṃvare sati taṃsambandhānaṃ gharādīnaṃ asaṃvutatā viya javane asaṃvare sati taṃsambandhānaṃ dvārādīnaṃ asaṃvutatāti evaṃ aññāsaṃvare aññāsaṃvutatā sāmaññameva nidasseti, na pubbāparasāmaññaṃ, antobahisāmaññaṃ vā. Sati vā dvārabhavaṅgādike puna uppajjamānaṃ javanaṃ bāhiraṃ viya katvā nagaradvārasamānaṃ vuttaṃ<a name="V1.0047"></a>, itarañca antonagare gharādisamānaṃ. Paccayabhāvena hi purimanipphannaṃ javanakāle asantampi bhavaṅgādi cakkhādi viya phalanipphattiyā santaṃyeva nāma hoti. Na hi dharamānaṃyeva ‘‘santa’’nti vuccati. ‘‘Bāhiraṃ viya katvā’’ti ca paramatthato javanassa bāhirabhāve, itarassa ca abbhantarabhāve asatipi ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkiliṭṭha’’ntiādi (a. ni. 1.49) vacanato āgantukabhūtassa kadāci kadāci uppajjamānassa javanassa bāhirabhāvo, tabbidhurasabhāvassa itarassa abbhantarabhāvo ekena pariyāyena hotīti katvā vuttaṃ. Javane vā asaṃvare uppanne tato paraṃ dvārabhavaṅgādīnaṃ asaṃvarahetubhāvāpattito. Asaṃvarassa hi uppattiyā dvārabhavaṅgādīnaṃ tassa hetubhāvo paññāyatīti. Nagaradvārasadisena javanena pavisitvā dussīlyādicorānaṃ dvārabhavaṅgādīsu musanaṃ kusalabhaṇḍavināsanaṃ kathitaṃ. Yasmiṃ hi dvāre asaṃvaro uppajjati, so tattha dvārādīnaṃ saṃvarūpanissayabhāvaṃ upacchindantoyeva pavattatīti. Dvārabhavaṅgādīnaṃ javanena saha sambandho ekasantatipariyāpannato daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca cakkhudvāre rūpārammaṇe āpāthagate niyamitādivasena kusalākusalajavane sattakkhattuṃ uppajjitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇe tadanurūpameva manodvārikajavane tasmiṃyevārammaṇe sattakkhattuṃyeva uppajjitvā bhavaṅgaṃ otiṇṇe puna tasmiṃyeva dvāre tadevārammaṇaṃ nissāya ‘‘itthī puriso’’tiādinā vavatthapentaṃ pasādarajjanādivasena sattakkhattuṃ javanaṃ javati. Evaṃ pavattamānaṃ javanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi agutta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ</span> pana javane. <span class="bld">Sīlādīsū</span>ti sīlasaṃvarasatisaṃvarañāṇasaṃvarakhantisaṃvaravīriyasaṃvaresu <span class="bld">uppannesu</span>. Yathā hi pageva satiārakkhaṃ anupaṭṭhapentassa <a name="M1.0051"></a> dussīlyādīnaṃ uppatti, evaṃ pageva satiārakkhaṃ upaṭṭhapentassa sīlādīnaṃ uppatti veditabbā. Saddādīsupi yathārahaṃ nimittānubyañjanāni veditabbāni. Sotaviññāṇena hi saddaṃ sutvā ‘‘itthisaddo’’ti vā ‘‘purisasaddo’’ti vā iṭṭhāniṭṭhādikaṃ vā kilesavatthubhūtaṃ nimittaṃ na gaṇhāti, sutamatte eva saṇṭhāti. Yo ca gītasaddādikassa kilesānaṃ anu anu byañjanato ‘‘anubyañjana’’nti laddhavohāro mandatārādivasena vavatthito chajjādibhedabhinno ākāro, tampi na gaṇhātīti. Evaṃ gandhādīsupi yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ. Manodvāre pana sāvajjanabhavaṅgaṃ manodvāraṃ tasmiṃ dvāre dhammārammaṇe <a name="V1.0048"></a> āpāthagate taṃ javanamanasāva viññāya vijānitvātiādinā yojetabbaṃ. Kileso anubandho etassāti kilesānubandho, so eva nimittādigāho, tato parivajjanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">kilesānubandhanimittādiggāhaparivajjanalakkhaṇaṃ. Ādi</span>-saddena anubyañjanaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ājīvapārisuddhisīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Vutte</span>ti idheva uddesavasena pubbe vutte. Tathā hi ‘‘ājīvahetu paññattānaṃ channaṃ sikkhāpadāna’’nti paduddhāraṃ katvā tāni pāḷivaseneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāni tānī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yāni tāni evaṃ paññattāni cha sikkhāpadānīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ājīvahetū</span>ti jīvikanimittaṃ, ‘‘evāhaṃ paccayehi akilamanto jīvissāmī’’ti adhippāyena. <span class="bld">Ājīvakāraṇā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāpiccho</span>ti pāpikāya asantaguṇasambhāvanicchāya samannāgato. <span class="bld">Icchāpakato</span>ti icchāya apakato upadduto, abhibhūto vā. <span class="bld">Asanta</span>nti avijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhūta</span>nti anuppannaṃ. Anuppannattā hi tassa taṃ asantanti purimassa pacchimaṃ kāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Uttarimanussadhamma</span>nti uttarimanussānaṃ ukkaṭṭhapurisānaṃ dhammaṃ, manussadhammato vā uttari ukkaṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ullapatī</span>ti uggatāyuko lapati. Sīlaṃ hi bhikkhuno āyu, taṃ tassa tathālapanasamakālameva vigacchati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘āpatti pārājikassā’’</span>ti pārājikasaṅkhātā āpatti assa, pārājikasaññitassa vā vītikkamassa āpajjanaṃ ullapananti attho. <span class="bld">Sañcarittaṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti sañcaraṇabhāvaṃ āpajjati, itthiyā vā purisamatiṃ, purisassa vā itthimatiṃ ārocetīti adhippāyo. ‘‘Imesaṃ channaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ vītikkamassa vasenā’’ti sambandho heṭṭhā dassito eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kuhanātiādīsū</span>ti <a name="M1.0052"></a> heṭṭhā uddiṭṭhapāḷiyāva paduddhāro. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ pāḷī</span>ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 861) āgatā niddesapāḷi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. Cīvarādipaccayā labbhantīti lābhā. Te eva sakkaccaṃ ādaravasena diyyamānā sakkārā. Patthaṭayasatā kittisaddo. Taṃ <span class="bld">lābhañca sakkārañca kittisaddañca. Sannissitassā</span>ti ettha taṇhānissayo adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘patthayantassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asantaguṇadīpanakāmassā</span>ti asante attani avijjamāne saddhādiguṇe sambhāvetukāmassa. Asantaguṇasambhāvanatālakkhaṇā, paṭiggahaṇe <a name="V1.0049"></a> ca amattaññutālakkhaṇā hi pāpicchatā. <span class="bld">Icchāya apakatassā</span>ti pāpikāya icchāya sammāājīvato apeto katoti apakato. Tathābhūto ca ājīvūpaddavena upaddutoti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘upaddutassāti attho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kuhanameva paccayuppādanassa vatthūti <span class="bld">kuhanavatthu. Tividhampetaṃ</span> tattha āgataṃ tassa nissayabhūtāya imāya pāḷiyā <span class="bld">dassetu</span>nti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tadatthikassevā</span>ti tehi cīvarādīhi atthikasseva. <span class="bld">Paṭikkhipanenā</span>ti cīvarādīnaṃ paṭikkhipanahetu. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahaṇena cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena pubbe vuttaṃ paṭikkhipanaṃ samuccinoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhiyyokamyata</span>nti bahukāmataṃ. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti kiriyāparāmasanaṃ, tasmā ‘‘dhāreyyā’’ti ettha yadetaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ katvā dhāraṇaṃ, etaṃ samaṇassa sāruppanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Pāpaṇikānī</span>ti āpaṇato chaḍḍitāni. <span class="bld">Nantakānī</span>ti antarahitāni coḷakhaṇḍāni. <span class="bld">Uccinitvā</span>ti uñchanena cinitvā saṅgahetvā. <span class="bld">Uñchācariyāyā</span>ti uñchācariyāya laddhena. Gilānassa paccayabhūtā bhesajjasaṅkhātā jīvitaparikkhārā <span class="bld">gilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārā. Pūtimutta</span>nti purāṇassa, apurāṇassa ca sabbassa gomuttassetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Pūtimuttenā</span>ti pūtibhāvena muttena parehi chaḍḍitena, pūtibhūtena vā gomuttena. <span class="bld">Dhutavādo</span>ti paresampi dhutaguṇavādī. <span class="bld">Sammukhībhāvā</span>ti sammukhato vijjamānattā, labbhamānatāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attānaṃ uttarimanussadhammādhigamassa sāmante katvā jappanaṃ <span class="bld">sāmantajappanaṃ. Mahesakkho</span>ti mahānubhāvo, uttarimanussadhammādhigamenāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Mitto’’ti sāmaññato vatvā puna taṃ viseseti ‘‘sandiṭṭho sambhatto’’ti<a name="M1.0053"></a>. Diṭṭhamatto hi mitto <span class="bld">sandiṭṭho</span>. Daḷhabhattiko <span class="bld">sambhatto. Sahāyo</span>ti saha āyanako, sakhāti attho. Sattapadino hi ‘‘sakhā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span> pākāraparicchinno sakalo āvāso. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogo</span> dīghapāsādo, garuḷasaṇṭhānapāsādotipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span> caturassapāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiyaṃ</span> muṇḍacchadanapāsādo. <span class="bld">Kūṭāgāraṃ</span> dvīhi kaṇṇikāhi kattabbapāsādo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span> paṭirājūnampi paṭibāhanayogyo catupañcabhūmako paṭissayaviseso. <span class="bld">Māḷo</span> ekakūṭasaṅgahito anekakoṇavanto paṭissayaviseso. <span class="bld">Uddaṇḍo</span> agabbhikā ekadvārā dīghasālāti vadanti. Apare pana bhaṇanti – <span class="bld">vihāro</span> nāma dīghamukhapāsādo. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogo</span> ekapassena chadanakasenāsanaṃ. Tassa kira ekapasse bhitti uccatarā hoti, itarapasse nīcā, tena taṃ ekapassachadanakaṃ <a name="V1.0050"></a> hoti. <span class="bld">Pāsādo</span> āyatacaturassapāsādo. <span class="bld">Hammiyaṃ</span> muṇḍacchadanaṃ candikaṅgaṇayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Guhā</span> kevalā pabbataguhā. <span class="bld">Leṇaṃ</span> dvārabaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kūṭāgāraṃ</span> yo koci kaṇṇikābaddhapāsādo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭo</span> bahalabhittigehaṃ. Yassa gopānasiyo aggahetvā iṭṭhakāhi eva chadanaṃ hoti. Aṭṭālakākārena karīyatītipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Māḷo</span> vaṭṭākārena katasenāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddaṇḍo</span> eko paṭissayaviseso. Yo ‘‘bhaṇḍasālā, udosita’’ntipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānasālā</span> sannipatanaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kucchitarajabhūtāya pāpicchatāya niratthakaṃ kāyavacīvipphandaniggaṇhanaṃ korajaṃ, taṃ etassa atthīti korajiko, kohaññena saṃyatakāyo, ativiya, abhiṇhaṃ vā korajiko <span class="bld">korajikakorajiko</span>. Atiparisaṅkitoti keci. Ativiya kuho <span class="bld">kuhakakuhako,</span> sātisayavimhāpakoti attho. Ativiya lapo lapanako <span class="bld">lapakalapako. Mukhasambhāviko</span>ti korajikakorajikādibhāvena pavattavacanehi attano mukhamattena aññehi sambhāviko. So evarūpo evarūpatāya eva attānaṃ paraṃ viya katvā <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo’’</span>tiādīni katheti. <span class="bld">Gambhīra</span>ntiādi tassā kathāya uttarimanussadhammapaṭibaddhatāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambhāvanādhippāyakatenā</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho maṃ jano ‘ariyo’ti vā ‘visesalābhī’ti vā sambhāveyyā’’ti iminā adhippāyena katena. <span class="bld">Gamanaṃ saṇṭhapetī</span>ti visesalābhīnaṃ gamanaṃ viya attano gamanaṃ sakkaccaṃ ṭhapeti<a name="M1.0054"></a>, sato sampajānova gacchanto viya hoti. <span class="bld">Paṇidhāyā</span>ti ‘‘arahāti maṃ jānantū’’ti cittaṃ saṇṭhapetvā, patthetvā vā. <span class="bld">Samāhito viyā</span>ti jhānasamādhinā samāhito viya. <span class="bld">Āpāthakajjhāyī</span>ti manussānaṃ āpāthaṭṭhāne samādhisamāpanno viya nisīdanto āpāthake janassa pākaṭaṭṭhāne jhāyī. <span class="bld">Iriyāpathasaṅkhāta</span>nti iriyāpathasaṇṭhapanasaṅkhātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccayapaṭisevanasaṅkhātenā</span>ti ayoniso uppāditānaṃ paccayānaṃ paṭisevananti evaṃ kathitena, tena vā paccayapaṭisevanena saṅkhātabbena kathitabbena. Aññaṃ viya katvā attano samīpe bhaṇanaṃ <span class="bld">sāmantajappitaṃ</span>. Ā-kārassa rassattaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhapanā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kuhanaṃ kuho, tassa ayanā pavatti <span class="bld">kuhāyanā,</span> kuhassa vā puggalassa ayanā gati kiriyā <span class="bld">kuhāyanā</span>. Kuheti, kuhena vā itoti <span class="bld">kuhito,</span> kuhako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puṭṭhassā</span>ti <a name="V1.0051"></a> ‘‘ko tisso, ko rājapūjito’’ti puṭṭhassa. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ katvā</span>ti ukkhipitvā vibhavasampattiādinā paggahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Unnahanā</span>ti uddhaṃ uddhaṃ bandhanā paliveṭhanā. Dve kira bhikkhū ekaṃ gāmaṃ pavisitvā āsanasālāya nisīditvā ekaṃ kumārikaṃ pakkosiṃsu. Tāya āgatāya tatreko ekaṃ pucchi ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, kassa kumārikā’’ti? ‘‘Amhākaṃ upaṭṭhāyikāya telakandarikāya dhītā, imissā mātā mayi gehaṃ gate sappiṃ dadamānā ghaṭeneva deti, ayampi mātā viya ghaṭena detī’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 862) ukkācesi. Imaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘telakandarikavatthu cettha vattabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammānurūpā vā</span>ti mattāvacanānurūpaṃ vā. Mattāvacanaṃ hi ‘‘dhammo’’ti vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘subhāsitaṃ uttamamāhu santo, dhammaṃ bhaṇe nādhammaṃ taṃ dutiya’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.213; su. ni. 452). Tena bahuṃ vippalapanamāha, saccato vā aññā subhāsitā vācā ‘‘dhammo’’ti veditabbo. Muggasūpasadisakammo puggalo muggasūpyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ puggalo muggasūpyoti vuccatī’’</span>ti. Paribhaṭassa kammaṃ pāribhaṭyaṃ, tadeva <span class="bld">pāribhaṭyatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nimittena caranto, jīvanto vā nimittako, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nemittikatā</span>. Attano icchāya pakāsanaṃ <span class="bld">obhāso</span>. Ko pana soti<a name="M1.0055"></a>? ‘‘Ajja bhikkhūnaṃ paccayā dullabhā jātā’’tiādikā <span class="bld">paccayapaṭisaṃyuttakathā</span>. Icchitavatthussa samīpe kathanaṃ <span class="bld">sāmantajappā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Akkosanabhayenāpi dadeyyāti <span class="bld">dasahi akkosavatthūhi akkosanaṃ</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">vambhanā</span>dayo. <span class="bld">Upekkhanā</span> upāsakānaṃ dāyakādibhāvato bahi chaḍḍanā. <span class="bld">Khipanā</span>ti khepavacanaṃ. Taṃ pana avahasitvā vacanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uppaṇḍanā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pāpanā</span>ti adāyakattassa, avaṇṇassa vā patiṭṭhāpanaṃ. Paresaṃ piṭṭhimaṃsakhādanasīlo parapiṭṭhimaṃsiko, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">parapiṭṭhimaṃsikatā. Abbhaṅga</span>nti abbhañjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nipisitvā gandhamagganā viyā</span>ti anippisite alabbhamānassa gandhassa nipisane lābho viya paraguṇe anippisite alabbhamānānaṃ paccayānaṃ nipisanena lābho daṭṭhabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nikattuṃ <a name="V1.0052"></a> appena lābhena bahukaṃ vañcetvā gahetuṃ icchanaṃ nijigīsanaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nijigīsanatā</span>. Tasseva icchanassa pavattiākāro, taṃsahajātaṃ vā gavesanakammaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṅga</span>nti hatthapādādiaṅgāni uddissa pavattaṃ vijjaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti nimittasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppāta</span>nti ukkāpātadisāḍāha-bhūmicālādiuppātapaṭibaddhavijjaṃ. <span class="bld">Supina</span>nti supinasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇa</span>nti itthipurisānaṃ lakkhaṇajānanasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūsikacchinna</span>nti vatthādīnaṃ asukabhāge mūsikacchede sati idaṃ nāma phalaṃ hotīti jānanakasatthaṃ. Palāsaggiādīsu iminā nāma agginā hute idaṃ nāma hotīti aggivasena homavidhānaṃ <span class="bld">aggihomaṃ</span>. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">dabbihomaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena thusahomādīnaṃ, aññesañca sutte āgatānaṃ micchājīvānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Vīriyasādhanattā ājīvapārisuddhisīlassa ‘‘paccayapariyesanavāyāmo’’ti vuttaṃ. Tassa <span class="bld">pārisuddhi</span> anavajjabhāvo, yena dhammena samena paccayalābho hoti. Na hi alaso ñāyena paccaye pariyesituṃ sakkotīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paccayasannissitasīlavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭisaṅkhā</span>ti ayaṃ ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññā’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 11) viya ya-kāralopena niddeso. <span class="bld">Yoniso</span>ti cettha upāyattho yoniso-saddoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘upāyena pathenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭisaṅkhāya ñatvā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0056"></a> vatvā tayidaṃ paṭisaṅkhānaṃ paccavekkhaṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paccavekkhitvāti attho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yathā hi <span class="bld">paccavekkhitvā</span>ti sītapaṭighātādikaṃ taṃ taṃ payojanaṃ pati pati avekkhitvā, ñāṇena passitvāti attho, evaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhāyā</span>ti tadeva payojanaṃ pati pati saṅkhāya, jānitvāti attho. Ñāṇapariyāyo hi idha saṅkhā-saddoti. Ettha ca ‘‘paṭisaṅkhā yoniso’’tiādi kāmaṃ paccayaparibhogakālena vuccati, dhātuvasena pana paṭikūlavasena vā paccavekkhaṇāya paccayasannissitasīlaṃ sujjhatīti apare. Bhijjatīti keci. Eke pana paṭhamaṃ eva pariyattanti vadanti, vīmaṃsitabbaṃ. ‘‘Cīvara’’nti ekavacanaṃ ekattamattaṃ vācakanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘antaravāsakādīsu yaṃ kiñcī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, jātisaddatāya pana tassa pāḷiyaṃ ekavacananti yattakāni cīvarāni yoginā pariharitabbāni, tesaṃ sabbesaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahaṇanti sakkā viññātuṃ, <span class="bld">yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti vā anavasesapariyādānametaṃ, na aniyamavacanaṃ. ‘‘Nivāseti vā pārupati vā’’ti vikappanaṃ pana paṭisevanapariyāyassa paribhogassa <a name="V1.0053"></a> vibhāgadassananti taṃ paññapetvā sayananisīdana-cīvarakuṭikaraṇādivasenāpi paribhogassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Payojanānaṃ mariyādā payojanāvadhi, tassa paricchindanavasena yo niyamo, tassa vacanaṃ <span class="bld">payojanā…pe… vacanaṃ</span>. Idāni taṃ niyamaṃ vivaritvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettakameva hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha avadhāraṇena līḷāvibhūsāvilambanānaṭambarādivasena vatthaparibhogaṃ nisedheti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ito bhiyyo’’</span>ti. Līḷāvasena hi ekacce sattā vatthāni paridahanti ceva upasaṃviyanti ca. Yathā taṃ yobbane ṭhitā nāgarikamanussā. Ekacce vibhūsanavasena, yathā taṃ rūpūpajīviniādayo. Vilambanavasena vilambakā. Naṭambaravasena bhojādayo. <span class="bld">Ajjhattadhātukkhobho</span> sītarogādiuppādako. <span class="bld">Utupariṇāmanavasenā</span>ti utuno parivattanavasena visabhāgasītautusamuṭṭhānena. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddena hemantādīsu himapātādivasena pavattassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo, na uppādeti sītanti adhippāyo. Yadatthaṃ pana taṃ vinodanaṃ, taṃ matthakappattaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sītabbhāhate’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti ‘‘uṇhassa paṭighātāyā’’tiādīsu sabbesu sesapayojanesu. Yadipi sūriyasantāpopi uṇhova, tassa pana ātapaggahaṇena gahitattā ‘‘aggisantāpassā’’ti <a name="M1.0057"></a> vuttaṃ. Ekacco dāvaggisantāpo kāyaṃ cīvarena paṭicchādetvā sakkā vinodetunti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassa vanadāhādīsu sambhavo veditabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ḍaṃsā</span>ti piṅgalamakkhikā. Te pana yasmā ḍaṃsanasīlā, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ḍaṃsanamakkhikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sappādayo</span>ti sappasatapadiuṇṇanābhisarabūvicchikādayo. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭhasamphasso</span>ti phuṭṭhavisamāha. Tividhā hi sappā – daṭṭhavisā phuṭṭhavisā diṭṭhavisā. Tesu purimakā dve eva gahitā. Satapadiādīnampi tādisānaṃ saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Niyatapayojanaṃ</span> ekantikaṃ, sabbakālikañca payojanaṃ. <span class="bld">Hirī kuppati</span> nillajjatā saṇṭhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vinassatī’’</span>ti. Kūpāvataraṇaṃ vā paṭicchādanaṃ arahatīti kopinaṃ. Hiriyitabbaṭṭhena hirī ca taṃ kopinañcāti <span class="bld">hirikopina</span>nti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Tassa cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo pubbe vuttapayojanānaṃ sampiṇḍanattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ kiñci āhāra</span>nti khādanīyabhojanīyādibhedaṃ yaṃ kiñci āharitabbavatthuṃ. Piṇḍāya bhikkhāya ulatīti piṇḍolo, tassa kammaṃ piṇḍolyaṃ. Tena <span class="bld">piṇḍolyena</span> bhikkhācariyāya. <span class="bld">Patitattā</span>ti pakkhipitattā. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapāto</span> patte pakkhittabhikkhāhāro. <span class="bld">Piṇḍānaṃ vā pāto</span>ti ghare ghare laddhabhikkhānaṃ sannipāto. ‘‘Natthi davā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 3.305) sahasā kiriyāpi <a name="V1.0054"></a> ‘‘davā’’ti vuccati, tato visesanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘davatthaṃ, kīḷānimittanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhikamallā</span> muṭṭhiyuddhayujjhanakā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena nibuddhayujjhanakādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Balamadanimitta</span>nti balaṃ nissāya uppajjanakamado balamado. Taṃ nimittaṃ, balassa uppādanatthanti attho. <span class="bld">Porisamadanimitta</span>nti porisamado vuccati purisamāno ‘‘ahaṃ puriso’’ti uppajjanakamāno. Asaddhammasevanāsamatthataṃ nissāya pavatto māno, rāgo eva vā porisamadoti keci. Taṃ nimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Antepurikā</span> rājorodhā. Sabbesaṃ sannivesayogyatāya <span class="bld">vesiyo</span> rūpūpajīviniyo. <span class="bld">Maṇḍanaṃ</span> nāma idhāvayavapāripūrīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ pīṇabhāvanimitta’’</span>nti, paribrūhanahetūti attho. <span class="bld">Naṭā</span> nāma raṅganaṭā. <span class="bld">Naccakā</span> laṅghakādayo. <span class="bld">Vibhūsanaṃ</span> sobhāsamuppādananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pasannacchavivaṇṇatānimitta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> padaṃ. <span class="bld">Mohūpanissayappahānattha</span>nti mohassa upanissayatāpahānāya. Davā hi mohena hoti, mohañca vaḍḍhetīti tassā vajjanena mohassa anupanissayatā. <span class="bld">Dosūpanissayappahānattha</span>nti idaṃ balamadassa, purisamadassa <a name="M1.0058"></a> ca dosahetuno vasena vuttaṃ, itarassa pana vasena ‘‘rāgūpanissayappahānattha’’nti vattabbaṃ. Maṇḍanavibhūsanapaṭikkhepo siyā mohūpanissayappahānāyapi, rāgūpanissayatāya pana ujupaṭipakkhoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rāgūpanissayappahānattha’’</span>nti. Yadipi ekaccassa davamade ārabbha parassa paṭighasaṃyojanādīnaṃ uppatti hotiyeva manopadosikadevādīnaṃ viya, attano pana davamade ārabbha yesaṃ savisesaṃ rāgamohamānādayo pāpadhammā uppajjanti. Te sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘attano saṃyojanuppattipaṭisedhanattha’’</span>nti vatvā maṇḍanavibhūsanāni paṭicca savisesaṃ parassapi rāgamohādayo pavattantīti <span class="bld">‘‘parassapi saṃyojanuppattipaṭisedhanattha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayoniso paṭipattiyā</span>ti ettha kāmasukhallikānuyogaṃ muñcitvā sabbāpi micchāpaṭipatti ayoniso paṭipatti. Purimehi dvīhi padehi ayoniso paṭipattiyā, pacchimehi dvīhi kāmasukhallikānuyogassa pahānaṃ vuttanti vadanti. <span class="bld">‘‘Catūhipi cetehī’’</span>ti pana vacanato sabbehi ubhinnampi pahānaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Kāmakīḷāpi davantogadhā hotiyeva, purisamadopi kāmasukhallikānuyogassa hetuyevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cātumahābhūtikassā</span>ti catumahābhūte sannissitassa. <span class="bld">Rūpakāyassā</span>ti catusantatirūpasamūhassa. <span class="bld">Ṭhitiyā</span>ti ṭhitatthaṃ. Sā panassa ṭhiti pabandhavasena icchitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pabandhaṭṭhitattha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Pavattiyā</span>ti jīvitindriyappavattiyā. Tathā hi jīvitindriyaṃ ‘‘yāpanā vattanā’’ti <a name="V1.0055"></a> (dha. sa. 19, 634) ca niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tassā ca avicchedo āhārūpayogena hoti. Kāyassa cirataraṃ yāva āyukappo, tāva avatthānaṃ yāpanāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘cirakālaṭṭhitatthaṃ vā’’</span>ti āha. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gharūpatthambhamivā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tatthāyaṃ yojanā – yathā jiṇṇagharasāmiko gharassa upatthambhanaṃ karoti tassa apatanatthaṃ, yathā ca sākaṭiko akkhabbhañjanaṃ karoti tassa sampavattanatthaṃ, evamesa yogī kāyassa ṭhitatthaṃ, yāpanatthañca piṇḍapātaṃ paṭisevati paribhuñjatīti. Etena ṭhiti nāma apatanaṃ yāpanā pavattīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Na davamadamaṇḍanavibhūsanattha</span>nti idaṃ ‘‘yāvadevā’’ti avadhāraṇena nivattitatthadassanaṃ. Tiṭṭhanti upādinnadhammā etāyāti <span class="bld">ṭhiti,</span> āyūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhitīti jīvitindriyassetaṃ adhivacana’’</span>nti. Tathā hi taṃ āyu ‘‘ṭhitī’’ti niddiṭṭhaṃ, <span class="bld">ṭhitiyā yāpanāyā</span>ti kāyassa <a name="M1.0059"></a> ṭhitihetutāya ‘‘ṭhitī’’ti laddhavohārassa jīvitindriyassa pavattanatthanti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jīvitindriyapavattāpanattha’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ābādhaṭṭhenā</span>ti vibādhanaṭṭhena, rogaṭṭhena vā. Jighacchāparamā hi rogā. <span class="bld">Uparamattha</span>nti vūpasamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇālepanamiva</span> vaṇiko. Uṇhasītādīsu abhibhavantesu tappaṭikāraṃ sītuṇhaṃ viya paṭisevatīti sambandho. Maggabrahmacariyaṃ ṭhapetvā sikkhattayasaṅgahā sāsanāvacaritabbā anusāsanī sāsanabrahmacariyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sakalasāsanabrahmacariyassa ca maggabrahmacariyassa cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anuggahaṇattha</span>nti anu anu gaṇhanatthaṃ sampādanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyabalaṃ nissāyā</span>ti yathāsamāraddhaṃ guṇavisesapāripūrihetubhūtaṃ kāyabalamattaṃ nissāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhattayānuyogavasenā’’</span>tiādi. Kantāranittharaṇatthikā jāyampatikā, <span class="bld">nadīsamuddanittharaṇatthikā</span> ca puttamaṃsādīni yathā agiddhā amucchitā kevalaṃ taṃ taṃ atthasiddhimeva avekkhantā paṭisevanti tehi vinā asijjhanato, evamayampi kevalaṃ bhavakantāranittharaṇatthiko agiddho amucchito tena vinā asijjhanato piṇḍapātaṃ paṭisevatīti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti pakāratthe nipātapadaṃ. Tena paṭiseviyamānassa piṇḍapātassa paṭisevanākāro gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ iminā piṇḍapātapaṭisevanenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Purāṇa</span>nti bhojanato purimakālikattā purātanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭihaṅkhāmī</span>ti paṭihanissāmi. <span class="bld">Navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī</span>ti paṭisevatīti yojanā. Kīdisaṃ, kathañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aparimita…pe… aññataro viyā’’</span>ti. Aparimitaṃ aparimāṇaṃ bhojanaṃ paccayo etissāti aparimitabhojanapaccayā, taṃ <span class="bld">aparimitabhojanapaccayaṃ</span> attano gahaṇītejapamāṇato atikkantapamāṇabhojanahetukanti attho. Yo bahuṃ bhuñjitvā attano <a name="V1.0056"></a> dhammatāya uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto ‘‘āhara hattha’’nti vadati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">āharahatthako</span>. Yo bhuñjitvā accuddhumātakucchitāya uṭṭhitopi sāṭakaṃ nivāsetuṃ na sakkoti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">alaṃsāṭako</span>. Yo bhuñjitvā uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto tattheva parivattati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">tatravaṭṭako</span>. Yo yathā kākehi āmasituṃ sakkā, evaṃ yāva mukhadvāraṃ āhāreti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">kākamāsako</span>. Yo bhuñjitvā mukhe sandhāretuṃ asakkonto tattheva vamati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bhuttavamitako</span>. Etesaṃ aññataro viya. Atha vā <span class="bld">purāṇavedanā</span> nāma abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakavedanā. Taṃ ‘‘paṭihanissāmī’’ti <a name="M1.0060"></a> paṭisevati. <span class="bld">Navavedanā</span> nāma atibhuttapaccayena uppajjanakavedanā. Taṃ ‘‘na uppādessāmī’’ti paṭisevati. Atha vā <span class="bld">navavedanā</span> nāma abhuttapaccayena uppajjanakavedanā, tassā anuppannāya anuppajjanatthameva paṭisevati. Abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakāti cetaṃ khuddāya visesanaṃ. Yassā appavatti bhojanena kātabbā, tassā dassanatthaṃ. Abhuttapaccayena, bhuttapaccayena ca uppajjanakānuppajjanakavedanāsu purimā yathāpavattā jighacchānimittā vedanā. Sā hi abhuñjantassa bhiyyopavaḍḍhanavasena uppajjati. Pacchimāpi khuddānimittāva aṅgadāhasūlādivedanā pavattā. Sā hi bhuttapaccayā pubbe anuppannāva nuppajjissatīti ayametāsaṃ viseso. Vihiṃsānimittatā cetāsaṃ vihiṃsāya viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā</span> vedanā. <span class="bld">Adhunā</span>ti etarahi. <span class="bld">Asappāyāparimitabhojanaṃ nissāyā</span>ti asappāyāparimitassa āhārassa bhuñjanapayogaṃ āgamma uppajjatīti attho. <span class="bld">Purāṇakammapaccayavasenā</span>ti pubbe purimajātiyaṃ katattā purāṇassa kammassa paccayatāvasena payogavipattiṃ āgamma uppajjanārahatāya taṃ vajjetvā payogasampattiyā upaṭṭhāpanaṃ dukkhavedanāpaccayaghāto, paṭihananañca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tassā paccayaṃ vināsento taṃ purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayuttaparibhogo</span> paccaye apaccavekkhitvā paribhogo. So eva katūpacitakammatāya <span class="bld">kammūpacayo</span>. Taṃ <span class="bld">nissāya</span> paṭicca <span class="bld">āyatiṃ</span> anāgate kāle uppajjanato yā cāyaṃ ‘‘navavedanā’’ti vuccatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Yuttaparibhogavasenā</span>ti paccavekkhitvā paccayānaṃ paribhogavasena, tassā navavedanāya mūlaṃ ayuttaparibhogakammaṃ anibbattento sabbena sabbaṃ anuppādento. <span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘iti purāṇa’’ntiādinā vuttena padadvayena. ‘‘Vihiṃsūparatiyā’’tiādinā vā padacatukkena <span class="bld">yuttaparibhogasaṅgaho</span> pabbajitānucchavikassa paccayaparibhogassa vuttattā. <span class="bld">Attakilamathānuyogappahānaṃ</span> jighacchādidukkhapaṭighātassa bhāsitattā. Jhānasukhādīnaṃ <a name="V1.0057"></a> paccayabhūtassa kāyasukhassa avissajjanato <span class="bld">dhammikasukhāpariccāgo</span> ca dīpito hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asappāyāparimitūpayogena jīvitindriyupacchedako, iriyāpathabhañjanako vā siyā parissayo, sappāyaparimitūpayogena pana so na hoti. Tathā sati cirakālappavattisaṅkhātā sarīrassa <span class="bld">yātrā</span> <a name="M1.0061"></a> yāpanā bhavissatīti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘parimitaparibhogena…pe… bhavissatī’’</span>ti āha. Yo rogo sāddho asāddho ca na hoti, so yāpyarogo, so etassa atthīti <span class="bld">yāpyarogī</span>. So hi niccakālaṃ bhesajjaṃ upasevati, tathā ayampīti. Yadi yātrāpi yāpanā, pubbepi ‘‘yāpanāyā’’ti vuttaṃ, ko ettha visesoti? Pubbe ‘‘yāpanāyā’’ti jīvitindriyayāpanā adhippetā, idha pana catunnampi iriyāpathānaṃ avicchedasaṅkhātā yāpanā yātrāti ayamettha viseso. Buddhapaṭikuṭṭhena micchājīvena paccayapariyesanā <span class="bld">ayuttapariyesanā</span>. Dāyakadeyyadhammānaṃ, attano ca pamāṇaṃ ajānitvā paṭiggahaṇaṃ, saddhādeyyavinipātanatthaṃ vā paṭiggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ayuttapaṭiggahaṇaṃ,</span> yena vā āpattiṃ āpajjati. Apaccavekkhitvā paribhogo <span class="bld">ayuttaparibhogo</span>. Tesaṃ parivajjanaṃ dhammena samena paccayuppādanādivasena veditabbaṃ. Dhammena hi paccaye pariyesitvā dhammena paṭiggahetvā paccavekkhitvā paribhuñjanaṃ <span class="bld">anavajjatā</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aratī</span>ti ukkaṇṭhā. Pantasenāsanesu, adhikusaladhammesu ca anabhirati. <span class="bld">Tandī</span>ti pacalāyikā niddā. <span class="bld">Vijambhitā</span>ti thinamiddhābhibhavena kāyassa vijambhanā. Viññūhi garahā <span class="bld">viññūgarahā</span>. Ekacco hi anavajjaṃyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti, ‘‘laddhaṃ me’’ti pamāṇādhikaṃ bhuñjitvā taṃ jīrāpetuṃ asakkonto uddhaṃvirecanaadhovirecanādīhi kilamati, sakalavihāre bhikkhū tassa sarīrapaṭijagganabhesajjapariyesanāpasutā honti. Aññe te ‘‘kiṃ ida’’nti pucchitvā ‘‘asukassa udaraṃ uddhumāta’’ntiādīni sutvā ‘‘niccakālamesa evaṃpakatiko attano kucchipamāṇaṃ nāma na jānātī’’ti nindanti, evaṃ anavajjaṃyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti. Evaṃ akatvā ‘‘anavajjatā ca bhavissatī’’ti paṭisevati. Attano hi pakatiaggibalādiṃ jānitvā ‘‘evaṃ me aratiādīnaṃ abhāvena kāyasukhatā, agarahitabbatā ca bhavissatī’’ti pamāṇayuttameva paṭisevati. Yāvatako bhojanena attho, tassa sādhanena yāvadatthaṃ udarassa paripūraṇena udarāvadehakaṃ bhojanaṃ <span class="bld">yāvadatthaudarāvadehakabhojanaṃ,</span> tassa <span class="bld">parivajjanena</span>. Seyyāya sayanena laddhabbasukhaṃ seyyasukhaṃ, ubhohi passehi <a name="M1.0062"></a> samparivattanakaṃ sayantassa uppajjanasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ<a name="V1.0058"></a>, middhena niddāyanena uppajjanasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ, tesaṃ <span class="bld">seyya…pe… sukhānaṃ pahānato</span> catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ yogyabhāvassa paṭipādanaṃ kāyassa <span class="bld">catuiriyāpathayogyabhāvapaṭipādanaṃ,</span> tato. Sukho iriyāpathavihāro <span class="bld">phāsuvihāro</span>. Pacchime vikappe, sabbavikappesu vā vuttaṃ phāsuvihāralakkhaṇaṃ āgamena samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi heta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tīsupi vikappesu āhārassa ūnaparibhogavaseneva hi phāsuvihāro vuttoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ‘‘yātrā’’tiādinā vuttena padattayena. ‘‘Yātrā ca me bhavissatī’’ti payojanapariggahadīpanā. Yātrā hi naṃ āhārūpayogaṃ payojetīti. Dhammikasukhāpariccāgahetuko phāsuvihāro <span class="bld">majjhimā paṭipadā</span> antadvayaparivajjanato. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne aṭṭha aṅgāni samodhānetabbāni – ‘‘neva davāyā’’ti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘na madāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘na maṇḍanāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘na vibhūsanāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘yātrā ca me bhavissatī’’ti ekaṃ. ‘‘Anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’’ti ayamettha bhojanānisaṃso. <span class="bld">Mahāsivatthero</span> panāha ‘‘heṭṭhā cattāri aṅgāni paṭikkhepo nāma, upari pana aṭṭhaṅgāni samodhānetabbānī’’ti. Tattha ‘‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā’’ti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘yāpanāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘vihiṃsūparatiyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘brahmacariyānuggahāyā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘yātrā ca me bhavissatī’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘anavajjatā cā’’ti ekaṃ. Phāsuvihāro pana bhojanānisaṃsoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ āhāraṃ āhārento paṭisaṅkhā yoniso piṇḍapātaṃ paṭisevati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha yatthā</span>ti bhummaniddesena <span class="bld">sena</span>-saddassa adhikaraṇatthavuttimāha. Tathā <span class="bld">āsana</span>-saddassāti. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhayogādimhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pāsādādiṃ, mañcādiñca saṅgaṇhāti. Yattha yattha vihāre vā aḍḍhayogādimhi vā āsatīti vihāraaḍḍhayogādike ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Idha <span class="bld">ādi-</span>saddena pīṭhasanthatādīnampi saṅgaho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Parisahanaṭṭhenā</span>ti abhibhavanaṭṭhena, vibādhanaṭṭhenāti attho. <span class="bld">Utuyeva utuparissayo</span>ti sītuṇhādiutuyeva <a name="M1.0063"></a> asappāyo vuttanayena utuparissayo. Tassa utuparissayassa vinodanatthaṃ, anuppannassa anuppādanatthaṃ, uppannassa vūpasamanatthañcāti attho. Nānārammaṇato <a name="V1.0059"></a> paṭisaṃharitvā kammaṭṭhānabhūte ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe cittassa sammadeva layanaṃ paṭisallānaṃ, tattha ārāmo abhirati <span class="bld">paṭisallānārāmo,</span> tadatthaṃ. Senāsanaṃ hi vivittaṃ yogino bhāvanānukūlaṃ suññāgārabhāvato. Taṃ panetaṃ atthadvayaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo sarīrābādhacittavikkhepakaro’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ekībhāvasukhattha</span>nti ekībhāvahetukaṃ sukhaṃ ekībhāvasukhaṃ, tadatthaṃ. Gaṇasaṅgaṇikakilesasaṅgaṇikābhāvena uppajjanakasukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi utuyeva utuparissayo, ‘‘utu ca sītuṇha’’nti sītuṇhapaṭighātaṃ vatvā utuparissayavinodanaṃ kasmā vuttanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmañcā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha ‘‘niyataṃ utuparissayavinodana’’nti etena ‘‘sītassa paṭighātāya uṇhassa paṭighātāyā’’ti ettha vuttaṃ sītuṇhaṃ aniyataṃ kadāci kadāci uppajjanakaṃ, utuparissayo pana <span class="bld">sabbadābhāvī</span> adhippetoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Vuttappakāro</span>ti ‘‘sītādiko, asappāyo’’ti ca evaṃ vuttappakāro vivaṭaṅgaṇarukkhamūlādīsu nisinnassa apariguttiyā asaṃvutadvārāditāya <span class="bld">pākaṭaparissayā,</span> asappāyarūpadassanādinā <span class="bld">apākaṭaparissayā</span> ca bhikkhussa kāyacittānaṃ <span class="bld">ābādhaṃ</span> kareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha</span> gutte senāsane <span class="bld">ābādhaṃ na karonti. Evaṃ jānitvā</span>ti ubhayaparissayarahitanti evaṃ ñatvā paṭisevanto bhikkhu veditabboti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhātukkhobhalakkhaṇassa, taṃhetukadukkhavedanālakkhaṇassa vā <span class="bld">rogassa</span> paṭipakkhabhāvo <span class="bld">paṭiayanaṭṭho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccanīkagamanaṭṭhenāti attho’’</span>ti, vūpasamanaṭṭhenāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Yassa kassacī</span>ti sappiādīsu yassa kassaci. <span class="bld">Sappāyassā</span>ti hi tassa vikāravūpasamenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Bhisakkassa kammaṃ</span> tena vidhātabbato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tena anuññātattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nagaraparikkhārehī</span>ti nagaraṃ parivāretvā rakkhaṇakehi. Vivaṭaparikkhepo parikkhā uḍḍāpo pākāro esikā paligho pākārapatthaṇḍilanti satta ‘‘nagaraparikkhārā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Sīlaparikkhāro</span>ti suvisuddhasīlālaṅkāro<a name="M1.0064"></a>. Ariyamaggo hi idha ‘‘ratho’’ti adhippeto. Tassa ca sammāvācādayo alaṅkāraṭṭhena ‘‘parikkhāro’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Jīvitaparikkhārā</span>ti jīvitassa pavattikāraṇāni. <span class="bld">Samudānetabbā</span>ti sammā uddhaṃ uddhaṃ ānetabbā pariyesitabbā. <span class="bld">Parivāropi hoti</span> antarāyānaṃ parito vāraṇato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jīvita…pe… rakkhaṇato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">antara</span>nti vivaraṃ, okāsoti attho. Verikānaṃ antaraṃ adatvā attano sāmikānaṃ <a name="V1.0060"></a> parivāretvā ṭhitasevakā viya <span class="bld">rakkhaṇato. Assā</span>ti jīvitassa. <span class="bld">Kāraṇabhāvato</span>ti cirappavattiyā kāraṇabhāvato. Rasāyanabhūtaṃ hi bhesajjaṃ sucirampi kālaṃ jīvitaṃ pavattetiyeva. Yadipi anuppannā eva dukkhavedanā bhesajjaparibhogena paṭihaññanti, na uppannā tāsaṃ saraseneva bhijjanato, uppannasadisā pana ‘‘uppannā’’ti vuccanti. Bhavati hi taṃsadisesu tabbohāro, yathā sā eva tittiri, tāniyeva osadhānīti. Tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uppannānanti jātānaṃ bhūtānaṃ nibbattāna’’</span>nti. Sañcayato paṭṭhāya so dhātukkhobho samuṭṭhānaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">taṃsamuṭṭhānā. ‘‘Dukkhavedanā’’</span>ti vatvā sā akusalasabhāvāpi atthīti tato visesetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘akusalavipākavedanā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Byābādhanaṭṭhena byābādho, byābādhova byābajjhaṃ, dukkhanti attho. Natthi ettha byābajjhanti <span class="bld">abyābajjhaṃ,</span> niddukkhatā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abyābajjhaparamatāyā’’</span>ti <span class="bld">niddukkhaparamatāyā</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ dukkha</span>nti roganimittakaṃ dukkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cīvarādīnaṃ paccayānaṃ nissayanaṃ paribhogo evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘te paṭicca nissāyā’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘paribhuñjamānā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattantī</span>ti jīvanti. Jīvanampi hi pavattanaṃ, yato jīvitindriyaṃ ‘‘pavattanarasa’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catupārisuddhisampādanavidhivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. Evaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarādibhedena niddiṭṭhaṃ sīlaṃ puna sādhanavibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evametasmi’’</span>ntiādimāraddhaṃ. Tattha sādhīyati sampādiyati etenāti sādhanaṃ, saddhā sādhanaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">saddhāsādhano</span>. Nanu ca vīriyasatipaññāhipi vinā pātimokkhasaṃvaro na sijjhatīti? Saccaṃ na sijjhati, saddhāya pana visesahetubhāvaṃ sandhāya evaṃ vuttanti dassento āha</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Sāvakavisayātītattā</span> <a name="M1.0065"></a> <span class="bld">sikkhāpadapaññattiyā’’</span>ti. Garukalahukādibhede otiṇṇe vatthusmiṃ tassa tassa aparādhassa anurūpaṃ sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ nāma sāvakānaṃ avisayo, buddhānaṃ eva visayo. Sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ tāva tiṭṭhatu, tassa kālopi nāma sāvakānaṃ avisayo, buddhānaṃ eva visayoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sikkhāpadapaññattiyācanapaṭikkhepo cettha nidassana’’</span>nti āha. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘āgamehi tvaṃ sāriputta, āgamehi tvaṃ sāriputta, tathāgatova tattha kālaṃ <a name="V1.0061"></a> jānissatī’’ti (pārā. 21). Tattha <span class="bld">ca-</span>saddo samuccayattho. Tena ‘‘apaññattaṃ na paññapema, paññattaṃ na samucchindāma, yathāpaññattesu sikkhāpadesu samādāya vattāmā’’ti (pārā. 565) evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Saddhāyā</span>ti saddahanena satthari, dhamme ca saddhāya paccupaṭṭhāpanena. <span class="bld">Jīvitepi</span> pageva jīvitaparikkhāreti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kikīva aṇḍa</span>nti kikīsakuṇikā viya attano aṇḍaṃ. Sā kira jīvitampi pariccajitvā aṇḍameva rakkhati. <span class="bld">Camarīva vāladhi</span>nti camarīmigo viya attano vāladhiṃ. Camarīmigā kira byādhena paripātiyamānā jīvitampi pariccajitvā kaṇḍakagumbādīsu laggaṃ attano vālameva rakkhanti. <span class="bld">Piyaṃva puttaṃ ekaka</span>nti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Yathā hi ekaputtako kuṭumbiko taṃ ekaputtaṃ, ekanayano ca taṃ ekanayanaṃ suṭṭhutaraṃ rakkhati. <span class="bld">Tatheva sīlaṃ anurakkhamānakā</span>ti anukampanavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Supesalā</span>ti suṭṭhu piyasīlā. <span class="bld">Sadā</span> sabbakālaṃ daharamajjhimatherakālesu. Channampi gāravānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">sagāravā,</span> garukāravantoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti yathā mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātikkamati, evameva. <span class="bld">Mama sāvakā</span>ti ariyasāvake sandhāyāha. Te hi dhuvasīlā. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ atthe</span>ti jīvitahetupi sīlassa avītikkamane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāvattaniaṭavī</span> nāma viñjhāṭavī. Himavantapasse aṭavīti keci. <span class="bld">Thera</span>nti nāmagottavasena apaññātaṃ ekaṃ <span class="bld">theraṃ. Nipajjāpesuṃ</span> gantvā kassaci mā āroceyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pūtilatāyā</span>ti <a name="M1.0066"></a> gaḷocilatāya. <span class="bld">Samasīsī</span>ti jīvitasamasīsī. Yassa hi kilesasīsaṃ avijjaṃ maggapaṭipāṭiyā arahattamaggo pariyādiyati, tato ekūnavīsatime paccavekkhaṇañāṇe patiṭṭhāya bhavaṅgottaraṇe vaṭṭasīsaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ cuticittaṃ pariyādiyati, so imāya vārasamatāya ‘‘jīvitasamasīsī’’ti vuccati. So ca thero tathā parinibbāyi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samasīsī hutvā parinibbāyī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Abhayatthero</span> kira mahābhiñño. Tasmā cetiyaṃ kārāpesīti vadanti. <span class="bld">Appevā</span>ti appeva nāma attano jīvitampi jaheyya, <span class="bld">na bhinde</span>ti na bhindeyya, na vītikkameyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satiyā</span> <a name="V1.0062"></a> <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhitāna</span>nti pageva upaṭṭhitāya satiyā ārakkhavasena adhiṭṭhitānaṃ indriyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ananvāssavanīyato</span>ti dvārabhāvena abhijjhādīhi ananubandhitabbato. <span class="bld">Vara</span>nti seṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tattāyā</span>ti uṇhāya. <span class="bld">Ādittāyā</span>ti ādito paṭṭhāya dittāya. <span class="bld">Sampajjalitāyā</span>ti samantato jalantiyā. <span class="bld">Sajotibhūtāyā</span>ti ekajālībhūtāya. <span class="bld">Sampalimaṭṭha</span>nti sabbaso āmaṭṭhaṃ, añcitanti attho. <span class="bld">Na tveva vara</span>nti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpesū</span>ti rūpārammaṇesu. <span class="bld">Anubyañjanaso nimittaggāho</span>ti kilesānaṃ anu anu byañjanavasena uppādanena pākaṭīkaraṇavasena subhādinimittaggāho, atha vā <span class="bld">anubyañjanaso</span>ti hatthapādādianubyañjanato, <span class="bld">nimittaggāho</span>ti itthipurisādisubhādinimittaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Cakkhudvārādipavattassā</span>ti cakkhudvārādīhi pavattassa. <span class="bld">Viññāṇassā</span>ti javanaviññāṇassa. Nimittādiggāhaṃ nisedhentena sampādetabboti sambandho. <span class="bld">Asaṃvihitasākhāparivāra</span>nti sammā avihitavatiparikkhepaṃ. <span class="bld">Parassahārīhī</span>ti parasantakāvahārakehi corehi. <span class="bld">Samativijjhatī</span>ti sabbaso ativijjhati anupavisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpesū</span>ti rūpahetu rūpanimittaṃ. Uppajjanakaanatthato <span class="bld">rakkha indriya</span>nti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesu. <span class="bld">Ete hi dvārā</span>ti ete cakkhādidvārā. Satikavāṭena asaṃvutattā <span class="bld">vivaṭā</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">arakkhitā</span>. Kilesuppattiyā hetubhāvena taṃsamaṅginaṃ <span class="bld">hanantī</span>ti kāraṇūpacāreneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ete</span> vā rūpādayo. Kilesānaṃ ārammaṇabhūtā dvārā cakkhādidvārā. Te kīdisā vivaṭā arakkhitā asaṃvutacakkhādihetuṃ taṃsamaṅginaṃ hanantīti kāraṇūpacāreneva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Agāra</span>nti gehaṃ. <span class="bld">Ducchanna</span>nti na sammā chāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhāvita</span>nti lokuttarabhāvanārahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampādite</span>tiādissa <a name="M1.0067"></a> vodānapakkhassa attho vuttavipariyāyena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ pana</span> sabbaso kilesānaṃ anuppādo <span class="bld">atiukkaṭṭhadesanā</span> maggenāgatasadisattā. <span class="bld">Sampādetabbo</span>ti ‘‘na punevaṃ karissa’’nti adhiṭṭhānasuddhiyā sampādetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhunāpabbajitenā</span>ti na cirapabbajitena, navapabbajitenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgena ḍayhāmī</span>ti kāmarāgagginā pariḍayhāmi. So ca pana dāho idāni cittagatoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘cittaṃ me pariḍayhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sādhū</span>ti āyācanā. <span class="bld">Nibbāpana</span>nti tassa nibbāpanupāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Gotamā</span>ti theraṃ gottena ālapati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññāya</span> <a name="V1.0063"></a> <span class="bld">vipariyesā</span>ti ‘‘asubhe subha’’nti pavattasaññāvipariyesahetu viparītasaññānimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ parivajjehi</span> kīdisaṃ? <span class="bld">Rāgūpasañhitaṃ</span> rāguppattihetubhūtaṃ subhanimittaṃ parivajjehi na manasi karohi. Na kevalaṃ subhanimittassāmanasikāro eva, atha kho <span class="bld">asubha</span>bhāvanāya attano <span class="bld">cittaṃ bhāvehi</span>. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ</span> yathā taṃ asubhārammaṇe vikkhepābhāvena ekaggaṃ, suṭṭhu appitabhāvena susamāhitañca hoti, evaṃ bhāvehīti. Evaṃ samathabhāvanāya kāmarāgassa vikkhambhanaṃ dassetvā idāni samucchedanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhāre’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhāre parato passā</span>ti sabbepi saṅkhāre avidheyyakatāya ‘‘pare’’ti passa. Aniccatāya pana udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā <span class="bld">dukkhato,</span> anattasabhāvattā, attavirahato ca <span class="bld">no attato</span> passa. Evaṃ lakkhaṇattayaṃ āropetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhento maggapaṭipāṭiyā catutthamaggena sabbaso <span class="bld">nibbāpehi mahārāgaṃ</span> tebhūmakassa abhibhavanato mahāvisayatāya mahārāgaṃ vūpasamehi. Yathā etarahi, evaṃ <span class="bld">mā ḍayhittho punappuna</span>nti daḷhataraṃ rāgavinodane niyojesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ indriyasaṃvarasīlassa sampādane vidhiṃ dassetvā evaṃ taṃ susampāditaṃ hotīti nayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādinā tattha paripūrakārino there nidasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘leṇaṃ na ullokitapubba’’</span>nti idaṃ sabbattheva therassa yugamattadassitāya vuttaṃ. Kiṃ pana thero senāsanaṃ na sodheti<a name="M1.0068"></a>? ‘‘Ullokā paṭhamaṃ ohāretabba’’nti hi vuttaṃ, antevāsikādayo eva kirassa senāsanaṃ sodhenti. <span class="bld">Assa</span> nāgarukkhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ gāme</span>ti mahāgāme. Taruṇā thaññapivanakā puttadhītaro yāsaṃ tā <span class="bld">taruṇaputtā,</span> tāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Lañjāpesī</span>ti thanapaṭṭikāya thane bandhāpetvā rājamuddikāya lañjāpesi. Rājā theraṃ cirataraṃ daṭṭhuṃ kālavikkhepaṃ karonto ‘‘sve sīlāni gaṇhissāmī’’ti āha. Thero rañño ca deviyā ca vandanakāle sattākāramattaṃ gaṇhāti. Itthī purisoti pana <span class="bld">vivekaṃ</span> na karoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vavatthānaṃ na karomī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Aho suparisuddhasīlo vatāyaṃ ayyo’’ti daṇḍadīpikaṃ gahetvā aṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Atiparisuddhaṃ pākaṭa</span>nti sappāyalābhena kammaṭṭhānaṃ ativiya parisuddhaṃ vibhūtaṃ ahosi. <span class="bld">Sakalaṃ pabbataṃ unnādayanto</span>ti pathavikampanena sakalaṃ pabbataṃ ekaṃ ninnādaṃ karonto. Tannivāsidevatānaṃ sādhukāradānenāti keci. <span class="bld">Bhanto</span>ti anavaṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Bālo</span>ti taruṇadārako. <span class="bld">Utrasto</span>ti ñātakehi vinābhāvena santrasto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visagaṇḍakarogo</span>ti <a name="V1.0064"></a> thanakandaḷarogamāha. Māsarogādikopi visagaṇḍakarogoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Yato pabbajito, tato paṭṭhāya</span> pabbajitakālato pabhutīti attho. <span class="bld">Indriyānī</span>ti indriyasaṃvarasīlāni. Tesu hi bhinnesu indriyānipi bhinnānīti vuccanti ārakkhābhāvato, indriyāneva vā nimittānubyañjanaggāhassa dvārabhūtāni bhinnāni nāma taṃsamaṅgino anatthuppattito, vipariyāyato abhinnānīti veditabbāni. Indriyānaṃ vā ayoniso upasaṃhāro bhedanaṃ, yoniso upasaṃhāro abhedananti apare. <span class="bld">Mittattherovā</span>ti mahāmittatthero viya. <span class="bld">Vare</span>ti seṭṭhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā vīriyenā</span>ti <span class="bld">tathā</span>-saddena vīriyaṃ viseseti. Yathā sati anavajjalakkhaṇāva indriyasaṃvarasādhanaṃ, tathā vīriyaṃ anavajjalakkhaṇaṃ ājīvapārisuddhisādhananti. Vīriyāpekkhameva visesanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammāāraddhavīriyassā’’</span>ti. Ayuttā esanā anesanā, yathāvuttamicchājīvasaṅgahā. Sā eva satthusāsanassa na patirūpāti appatirūpaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ</span>. Atha vā patirūpavirodhinī appatirūpā, pariggahitadhutaṅgassa <a name="M1.0069"></a> dhutaṅganiyamavirodhinī yassa kassaci sallekhavikopinī paṭipatti. Imasmiṃ pakkhe ca-saddo luttaniddiṭṭho, anesanaṃ, appatirūpañca pahāyāti. Paṭisevamānena parivajjayatā sampādetabbāti sambandho. ‘‘Parisuddhuppāde’’ti imināva dhammadesanādīnaṃ parisuddhāya samuṭṭhānatā dīpitā hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘dhammadesanādīhi cassa guṇehi pasannāna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena bāhusaccavattaparipūraṇairiyāpathasampattiādīnaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhutaguṇe cassa pasannāna</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātacariyādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena mittasuhajjapaṃsukūlacariyādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Dhutaṅganiyamānulomenā</span>ti taṃtaṃdhutaṅganiyatāya paṭipattiyā anulomavasena, avikopanavasenāti attho. Mahicchasseva micchājīvena jīvikā, na appicchassa. Appicchatāya ukkaṃsagatāya micchājīvassa asambhavo evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekabyādhivūpasamattha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pūtiharitakī</span>ti pūtimuttaparibhāvitaṃ, pūtibhāvena vā chaḍḍitaṃ haritakaṃ. Ariyavaṃso etassa atthīti, ariyavaṃse vā niyuttoti ariyavaṃsiko, paccayagedhassa dūrasamussāritattā uttamo ca so ariyavaṃsiko cāti <span class="bld">uttamaariyavaṃsiko. Yassa kassacī</span>ti pariggahitāpariggahitadhutaṅgesu yassa kassaci.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimittaṃ</span> nāma paccaye uddissa yathā adhippāyo ñāyati evaṃ nimittakammaṃ. <span class="bld">Obhāso</span> nāma <a name="V1.0065"></a> ujukameva akathetvā yathā adhippāyo vibhūto hoti, evaṃ obhāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikathā</span> nāma pariyāyena kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā uppanna</span>nti nimittādivasena uppannaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvāraṃ dinna</span>nti rogasīsena paribhogassa dvāraṃ dinnaṃ. Tasmā arogakālepi paribhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati, āpatti na hotīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpi āpatti na hotī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na vaṭṭatī</span>ti sallekhapaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhitassa na vaṭṭati, sallekhaṃ kopetīti adhippāyo. ‘‘Ājīvaṃ pana kopetī’’ti imināva senāsanapaṭisaṃyuttadhutaṅgadharassa nimittādayo na vaṭṭantīti vadanti. Tadaññadhutaṅgadharassāpi na vaṭṭantiyevāti apare. <span class="bld">Akaronto</span>ti yathāsakaṃ anuññātavisayepi akaronto. <span class="bld">Aññatrevā</span>ti ṭhapetvā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gaṇavāsaṃ <a name="M1.0070"></a> pahāya araññāyatane paṭippassaddhivivekassa muddhabhūtāya aggaphalasamāpattiyā viharanto mahāthero <span class="bld">‘‘pavivekaṃ brūhayamāno’’</span>ti vutto. Udarasannissito vātābādho <span class="bld">udaravātābādho</span>. Asambhinnaṃ khīraṃ etassāti asambhinnakhīraṃ, tadeva pāyāsanti <span class="bld">asambhinnakhīrapāyāsaṃ,</span> udakena asammissakhīrena pakkapāyāsanti attho. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti pāyāsassa. <span class="bld">Uppattimūla</span>nti ‘‘gihikāle me, āvuso, mātā sappimadhusakkarādīhi yojetvā asambhinnakhīrapāyāsaṃ adāsi, tena me phāsu ahosī’’ti attano vacīnicchāraṇasaṅkhātaṃ uppattihetuṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Aparibhogāraho piṇḍapāto’’</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu therassa obhāsanādicittuppattiyeva natthīti? Saccaṃ natthi, ajjhāsayaṃ pana ajānantā ekacce puthujjanā tathā maññeyyuṃ, anāgate ca sabrahmacārino evaṃ mama diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjeyyunti paṭikkhipi. Apica mahātherassa paramukkaṃsagatā sallekhapaṭipatti. Tathā hi daharabhikkhuno ‘‘kassa sampannaṃ na manāpa’’nti (pāci. 209, 257, 612, 1228, 1234; cūḷava. 343) vacanaṃ nissāya yāva parinibbānā piṭṭhakhādanīyaṃ na khādati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vacīviññattivipphārā</span>ti vacīnicchāraṇahetu. Atthaviññāpanavasena pavattamāno hi saddo asatipi viññattiyā tassa kenaci paccayena paccayabhāve vacīviññattivaseneva pavattatīti ‘‘vacīviññattivipphāro’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Bhutto</span>ti bhuttavā <span class="bld">sace bhaveyyaṃ ahaṃ. Sā</span>ti assa. Akāralopena hi niddeso ‘‘evaṃsa te’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.23; a. ni. 6.58; 8.7) viya. <span class="bld">Antaguṇa</span>nti antabhogo. <span class="bld">Bahi care</span>ti āsayato nikkhamitvā gocaraggahaṇavasena <a name="V1.0066"></a> bahi yadi vicareyya. Paramappicchaṃ dassetuṃ lokavohārenevamāha. Loke hi ayuttabhojanaṃ odariyaṃ garahantā evaṃ vadanti ‘‘kiṃsu nāma tassa antāni bahi carantī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ārādhemī</span>ti ādito paṭṭhāya rādhemi, vase vattemīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahātissatthero</span> kira dubbhikkhakāle maggaṃ gacchanto bhattacchedena, maggakilamathena ca kilantakāyo dubbalo aññatarassa phalitassa ambassa mūle nipajji, bahūni ambaphalāni tahaṃ tahaṃ patitāni honti. Tattheko vuḍḍhataro upāsako therassa santikaṃ upagantvā parissamaṃ ñatvā <a name="M1.0071"></a> ambapānaṃ pāyetvā attano piṭṭhiṃ āropetvā vasanaṭṭhānaṃ neti. Thero –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na pitā napi te mātā, na ñāti napi bandhavo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Karotetādisaṃ kiccaṃ, sīlavantassa kāraṇā’’ti. (visuddhi. 1.20) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Attānaṃ ovaditvā sammasanaṃ ārabhitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā tassa piṭṭhigato eva maggapaṭipāṭiyā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Imaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ambakhādakamahātissattheravatthupi cettha kathetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sabbathāpī</span>ti sabbappakārenapi anesanavasena, cittuppattivasenapi, pageva kāyavacīvipphanditavasenāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anesanāyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apaccavekkhitaparibhoge iṇaparibhogaāpattiādīnavassa, tabbipariyāyato paccavekkhitaparibhoge ānisaṃsassa ca dassanaṃ <span class="bld">ādīnavānisaṃsadassanaṃ</span>. Tassa pana paccayādhikārattā vuttaṃ ‘‘paccayesū’’ti. Kāraṇakāraṇampi hi kāraṇabhāvena vuccati yathā tiṇehi bhattaṃ siddhanti. Yena kāraṇena bhikkhuno apaccavekkhitaparibhogo nāma siyā, tasmiṃ vajjite paccayasannissitasīlaṃ sijjhati, visujjhati cāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paccayagedha</span>nti gedhaggahaṇeneva sammohopi gahitoti daṭṭhabbo tena saha pavattanato, tadupanissayato ca. <span class="bld">Dhammena samena uppanne</span>ti idaṃ paccayānaṃ āgamanasuddhidassanaṃ, na paccayasannissitasīlavisuddhidassanaṃ. Paccayānaṃ hi idamatthitaṃ upadhāretvā paribhuñjanaṃ paccayasannissitasīlaṃ. Yasmā pana te paccayā ñāyādhigatā eva bhikkhunā paribhuñjitabbā, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammena samena uppanne paccaye’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttena vidhinā</span>ti ‘‘sītassa paṭighātāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23; a. ni. 6.58; mahāni. 206) vuttavidhinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhātuvasena</span> <a name="V1.0067"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti ‘‘yathāpaccayaṃ vattamānaṃ dhātumattamevetaṃ, yadidaṃ cīvarādi, tadupabhuñjako ca puggalo’’ti evaṃ dhātumanasikāravasena vā. <span class="bld">Paṭikūlavasena vā</span>ti piṇḍapāte tāva āhāre paṭikūlasaññāvasena, ‘‘sabbāni pana imāni cīvarādīni ajigucchanīyāni, imaṃ pūtikāyaṃ patvā ativiya jigucchanīyāni jāyantī’’ti evaṃ paṭikūlamanasikāravasena vā. <span class="bld">Tato uttarī</span>ti paṭilābhakālato upari. <span class="bld">Anavajjova</span> <span class="bld">paribhogo</span> <a name="M1.0072"></a> āditova paññāya parisodhitattā adhiṭṭhahitvā ṭhapitapattacīvarānaṃ viyāti. Paccavekkhaṇāya ādisuddhidassanaparametaṃ, na paribhogakāle paccavekkhaṇapaṭikkhepaparaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paribhogakālepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ paribhogakāle paccavekkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Sanniṭṭhānakaro</span>ti asandehakaro ekantiko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Theyyaparibhogo</span> nāma anarahassa paribhogo. Bhagavatāpi attano sāsane sīlavato paccayā anuññātā, na dussīlassa. Dāyakānampi sīlavato eva pariccāgo, na dussīlassa. Attano kārānaṃ mahapphalabhāvassa paccāsīsanato. Iti satthārā ananuññātattā, dāyakehi ca apariccattattā dussīlassa paribhogo theyyāya paribhogo <span class="bld">theyyaparibhogo</span>. Iṇavasena paribhogo <span class="bld">iṇaparibhogo,</span> paṭiggāhakato dakkhiṇāvisuddhiyā abhāvato iṇaṃ gahetvā paribhogo viyāti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti ‘‘sīlavato’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati. Cīvaraṃ kāyato mocetvā paribhoge paribhoge purebhatta…pe… pacchimayāmesu paccavekkhitabbanti sambandho. Tathā asakkontena yathāvuttakālavisesavasena ekadivase catukkhattuṃ tikkhattuṃ dvikkhattuṃ sakiṃyeva vā paccavekkhitabbaṃ. Sace aruṇaṃ uggacchati, <span class="bld">iṇaparibhogaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati</span>. Hiyyo yaṃ mayā cīvaraṃ paribhuttaṃ, taṃ yāvadeva sītassa paṭighātāya…pe… hirikopīnapaṭicchādanatthaṃ. Hiyyo yo mayā piṇḍapāto paribhutto, so ‘‘neva davāyā’’tiādinā sace atītaparibhogapaccavekkhaṇaṃ na kareyyāti vadanti, taṃ vīmaṃsitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Senāsanampi paribhoge paribhoge</span>ti pavese pavese. <span class="bld">Satipaccayatā</span>ti satiyā paccayabhāvo paṭiggahaṇassa, paribhogassa ca paccavekkhaṇasatiyā paccayabhāvo yujjati, paccavekkhitvāva paṭiggahetabbaṃ, paribhuñjitabbañcāti attho. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘satiṃ katvā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti yadipi dvīsupi ṭhānesu paccavekkhaṇā yuttā, evaṃ santepi. Apare panāhu – <span class="bld">sati paccayatā</span>ti sati bhesajjaparibhogassa paccayabhāve, sati paccayeti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepī</span>ti paccaye satipīti. Taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ. Tathā hi paccayasannissitasīlaṃ paccavekkhaṇāya visujjhati, na paccayassa bhāvamattena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0068"></a> paccayasannissitasīlassa visuddhiṃ dassetvā teneva pasaṅgena sabbāpi visuddhiyo dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catubbidhā hi suddhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha sujjhati <a name="M1.0073"></a> etāyāti suddhi, yathādhammaṃ desanāva suddhi <span class="bld">desanāsuddhi</span>. Vuṭṭhānassāpi cettha desanāya eva saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Chinnamūlāpattīnaṃ pana abhikkhutāpaṭiññāva desanā. Adhiṭṭhānavisiṭṭho saṃvarova suddhi <span class="bld">saṃvarasuddhi</span>. Dhammena samena paccayānaṃ pariyeṭṭhi eva suddhi <span class="bld">pariyeṭṭhisuddhi</span>. Catūsupi paccayesu vuttavidhinā paccavekkhaṇāva suddhi <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇasuddhi</span>. Esa tāva suddhīsu samāsanayo. Suddhimantesu pana desanā suddhi etassāti <span class="bld">desanāsuddhi</span>. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Suddhi</span>-saddo pana vuttanayova. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti saṃvarabhedaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Pahāyā</span>ti vajjetvā, akatvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dātabbaṭṭhena dāyaṃ, taṃ ādiyantīti <span class="bld">dāyādā</span>. Ananuññātesu sabbena sabbaṃ paribhogābhāvato, anuññātesu eva ca paribhogasambhavato bhikkhūhi paribhuñjitabbapaccayā <span class="bld">bhagavato santakā</span>. ‘‘Dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha mā āmisadāyādā. Atthi me tumhesu anukampā ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ no āmisadāyādā’’’ti (ma. ni. 1.29) evaṃ pavattaṃ <span class="bld">dhammadāyādasuttañca</span> ettha etasmiṃ atthe <span class="bld">sādhakaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avītarāgānaṃ taṇhāparavasatāya paccayaparibhoge sāmibhāvo natthi, tadabhāvena vītarāgānaṃ tattha sāmibhāvo yathāruciparibhogasambhavato. Tathā hi te paṭikūlampi appaṭikūlākārena, appaṭikūlampi paṭikūlākārena, tadubhayampi vajjetvā ajjhupekkhanākārena paccaye paribhuñjanti, dāyakānañca manorathaṃ paripūrenti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘te hi taṇhāya dāsabyaṃ atītattā sāmino hutvā paribhuñjantī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbesa</span>nti ariyānaṃ, puthujjanānañca. Kathaṃ puthujjanānaṃ ime paribhogā sambhavanti? Upacāravasena. Yo hi puthujjanassāpi sallekhapaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhitassa paccayagedhaṃ pahāya tattha tattha anupalittena cittena paribhogo, so <span class="bld">sāmiparibhogo</span> viya hoti. <span class="bld">Sīlavato</span> pana paccavekkhitaparibhogo dāyajjaparibhogo viya hoti, dāyakānaṃ manorathassa avirādhanato. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dāyajjaparibhogeyeva vā saṅgahaṃ gacchatī’’</span>ti. Kalyāṇaputhujjanassa paribhoge vattabbameva natthi, tassa sekkhasaṅgahato. <span class="bld">Sekkhasuttaṃ</span> (saṃ. ni. 5.13) hetassatthassa sādhakaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlavāpi</span> <a name="M1.0074"></a> <span class="bld">hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Paccanīkattā</span>ti yathā iṇāyiko attano ruciyā icchitadesaṃ gantuṃ na <a name="V1.0069"></a> labhati, evaṃ iṇaparibhogayutto lokato nissarituṃ na labhatīti tappaṭipakkhattā sīlavato paccavekkhitaparibhogo āṇaṇyaparibhogoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āṇaṇyaparibhogo vā’’</span>ti. Etena nippariyāyato catuparibhogavinimutto visuṃyevāyaṃ paribhogoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Imāya sikkhāyā</span>ti sīlasaṅkhātāya sikkhāya. <span class="bld">Kiccakārī</span>ti paṭiññānurūpaṃ paṭipajjanato yuttapattakārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tameva kiccakāritaṃ suttapadena vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttampi ceta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vihāra</span>nti patissayaṃ. <span class="bld">Sayanāsana</span>nti mañcādiṃ. Ubhayenapi senāsanameva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āpa</span>nti udakaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅghāṭirajūpavāhana</span>nti paṃsumalādino saṅghāṭigatarajassa dhovanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sutvāna dhammaṃ sugatena desita</span>nti cīvarādīsu ‘‘paṭisaṅkhā yoniso cīvaraṃ paṭisevati sītassa paṭighātāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23; a. ni. 6.58; mahāni. 206) nayena bhagavatā desitaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāya seve varapaññasāvako</span>ti ‘‘piṇḍa’’nti vuttaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ, vihārādipadehi vuttaṃ senāsanaṃ, ‘‘pipāsāgelaññassa vūpasamanato pānīyampi gilānapaccayo’’ti āpamukhena dassitaṃ gilānapaccayaṃ, saṅghāṭiyādicīvaranti catubbidhaṃ paccayaṃ saṅkhāya ‘‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23; 2.24; 3.75; saṃ. ni. 4.120; a. ni. 6.58; 8.9; dha. sa. 1355) nayena paccavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Seve</span> sevituṃ sakkuṇeyya uttamapaññassa bhagavato sāvako sekho vā puthujjano vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca saṅkhāya sevī varapaññasāvako, <span class="bld">tasmā hi piṇḍe…pe… pokkhare vāribindu,</span> tathā hoti. <span class="bld">Kālenā</span>ti ariyānaṃ bhojanakāle. <span class="bld">Laddhā</span>ti labhitvā. <span class="bld">Parato</span>ti aññato dāyakato. <span class="bld">Anuggahā</span>ti anukampāya bahumhi upanīte <span class="bld">mattaṃ</span> so <span class="bld">jaññā</span> jāneyya <span class="bld">satataṃ</span> sabbakālaṃ <span class="bld">upaṭṭhito</span> upaṭṭhitassati. <span class="bld">Ālepanarūhane yathā</span>ti bhesajjalepanena vaṇassa ruhane viya, mattaṃ jāneyyāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Āhare</span>ti āhareyya. ‘‘Āhareyyāhāra’’nti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Yāpanattha</span>nti sarīrassa yāpanāya. <span class="bld">Amucchito</span>ti taṇhāmucchāya amucchito gedhaṃ taṇhaṃ anāpanno.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano <a name="M1.0075"></a> mātulassa saṅgharakkhitattherasseva nāmassa gahitattā <span class="bld">bhāgineyyasaṅgharakkhitasāmaṇero. Sālikūra</span>nti sālibhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sunibbuta</span>nti susītalaṃ. <span class="bld">Asaññato</span>ti apaccavekkhaṇaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Sabbāsavaparikkhīṇo</span>ti parikkhīṇasabbāsavo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamasīlapañcakavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. Pariyanto <a name="V1.0070"></a> etesaṃ atthīti pariyantāni, pariyantāni sikkhāpadāni yesaṃ te pariyantasikkhāpadā, tesaṃ <span class="bld">pariyantasikkhāpadānaṃ. Upasampannāna</span>nti ṭhapetvā kalyāṇaputhujjanasekkhāsekkhe tadaññesaṃ upasampannānaṃ. Sāmaññajotanāpi hi visese tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Kusaladhamme yuttāna</span>nti vipassanācāre yuttapayuttānaṃ. Sekkhadhammā pariyantā paramā mariyādā etassāti <span class="bld">sekkhapariyanto</span>. Nāmarūpaparicchedato, kusaladhammasamādānato vā pana paṭṭhāya yāva gotrabhū, tāva pavattakusaladhammappabandho sekkhadhamme āhacca ṭhito sekkhapariyanto. Sekkhadhammānaṃ vā heṭṭhimantabhūtā sikkhitabbā lokiyā tisso sikkhā sekkhapariyanto, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">sekkhapariyante. Paripūrakārīna</span>nti kiñcipi sikkhaṃ ahāpetvā pūrentānaṃ. Uparivisesādhigamatthaṃ <span class="bld">kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhānaṃ</span>. Tato eva sīlapāripūriatthaṃ <span class="bld">pariccattajīvitānaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhisaṃkilesena aparāmasanīyato pārisuddhivantaṃ sīlaṃ <span class="bld">aparāmaṭṭhapārisuddhisīlaṃ</span>. Kilesānaṃ sabbaso paṭippassaddhiyā pārisuddhivantaṃ sīlaṃ <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhipārisuddhisīlaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupasampannānaṃ asekkhānaṃ, sekkhānaṃ, kalyāṇaputhujjanānañca sīlaṃ mahānubhāvatāya ānubhāvato apariyantamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanavasena sapariyantattā’’</span>ti. Kāyavācānaṃ saṃvaraṇato, vinayanato ca <span class="bld">saṃvaravinayā. Peyyālamukhena niddiṭṭhā</span>ti tattha tattha satthārā desitavitthāranayena yathāvuttagaṇanato niddiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Sikkhā</span>ti sīlasaṅkhātā sikkhā. <span class="bld">Vinayasaṃvare</span>ti vinayapiṭake. Gaṇanavasena sapariyantampi upasampannānaṃ sīlanti heṭṭhā vuttaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci hi upasampannena sikkhitabbaṃ sīlaṃ nāma, tattha kassacipi anavasesato <span class="bld">anavasesavasena</span><a name="M1.0076"></a>. <span class="bld">Samādānabhāva</span>nti samādānasabbhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Lābha…pe… vasena adiṭṭhapariyantabhāvo</span> lābhādihetu sīlassa avītikkamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhanaṃ caje aṅgavarassa hetu</span> pāripanthikacorādīhi upadduto. <span class="bld">Aṅgaṃ caje jīvitaṃ rakkhamāno</span> sappadaṭṭhādikāle. <span class="bld">Aṅgaṃ dhanaṃ jīvitañcāpi sabbaṃ, caje naro dhammamanussaranto</span> sutasomamahābodhisattādayo viya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imaṃ sappurisānussatiṃ avijahanto’’</span>ti. Jighacchāparissamena <span class="bld">jīvitasaṃsaye</span> satipi. <span class="bld">Sikkhāpadaṃ avītikkammā</span>ti assāmikesu ambaphalesu <a name="V1.0071"></a> bhūmiyaṃ patitesu samīpeyeva santesupi paṭiggāhakābhāvena aparibhuñjanto <span class="bld">paṭiggahaṇasikkhāpadaṃ</span> avītikkamitvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīlavantassā</span>ti sīlavantabhāvassa <span class="bld">kāraṇā,</span> sīlavantassa vā tuyhaṃ etādisaṃ aṃsena vāhaṇādikaṃ kiccaṃ karoti, kāraṇā sīlassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sudhotajātimaṇi viyā</span>ti catūsu pāsāṇesu sammadeva dhotajātimaṇi viya. <span class="bld">Mahāsaṅgharakkhitabhāgineyyasaṅgharakkhitattherānaṃ viyā</span>ti mahāsaṅgharakkhitattherassa, tasseva bhāgineyyasaṅgharakkhitattherassa viya ca. ‘‘Kimatthaṃ mayaṃ idhāgatā’’ti mahājanassa vippaṭisāro bhavissatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Accharikāyā</span>ti aṅguliphoṭanena. <span class="bld">Asatiyā</span>ti satisammosena. <span class="bld">Aññāṇapakata</span>nti aññāṇena aparajjhitvā kataṃ, ajānitvā katanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appassutopi ce hotī</span>ti suttageyyādisutarahito hoti ce. <span class="bld">Sīlesu asamāhito</span>ti pātimokkhasaṃvarādisīlesupi na sammā patiṭṭhito hoti ce. <span class="bld">Nāssa sampajjate suta</span>nti assa sīlarahitassa puggalassa sutaṃ attano, paresañca katthaci bhavasampattiāvahaṃ na hoti. ‘‘Dussīloyaṃ purisapuggalo’’ti hi sikkhākāmā na tassa santikaṃ upasaṅkamanti. <span class="bld">Bahussutopi ce</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ce</span>-ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsito</span>ti pasaṃsito eva nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rāgavasena aparāmaṭṭhagahaṇena taṇhāparāmāsābhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Tathārūpa</span>nti rāgavasena aparāmaṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhinditvā</span>ti hanitvā. <span class="bld">Saññapessāmī</span>ti saññattiṃ <a name="M1.0077"></a> karissāmi, appakaṃ velaṃ maṃ vissejjetunti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭiyāmī</span>ti jigucchāmi. <span class="bld">Harāyāmī</span>ti lajjāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palipanno</span>ti sīdanto, sammakkhito vā. <span class="bld">Sīleneva saddhiṃ marissāmī</span>ti sīlaṃ avināsento tena saheva marissāmi, na idāni kadācipi taṃ pariccajissāmi. Sati hi bhavādāne sīlena viyogo siyā, bhavameva nādiyissāmīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Rogaṃ sammasanto</span>ti rogabhūtaṃ vedanaṃ vedanāmukhena sesārūpadhamme, rūpadhamme ca pariggahetvā vipassanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ruppato</span>ti vikāraṃ āpādiyamānasarīrassa. <span class="bld">Parisussatī</span>ti samantato sussati. Yathā kiṃ? <span class="bld">Pupphaṃ yathā paṃsuni ātape kataṃ</span> sūriyātapasantatte paṃsuni ṭhapitaṃ sirīsādipupphaṃ viyāti <a name="V1.0072"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Ajañña</span>nti amanuññaṃ jigucchanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Jaññasaṅkhāta</span>nti bālehi ‘‘jañña’’nti evaṃ kittitaṃ. <span class="bld">Jaññarūpaṃ apassato</span>ti yathābhūtaṃ appassato aviddasuno ‘‘jañña’’nti pasaṃsitaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhiratthuma</span>nti dhi atthu imaṃ, dhi-saddayogena sabbattha upayogavacanaṃ, imassa pūtikāyassa dhikāro hotūti attho. <span class="bld">Duggandhiya</span>nti duggandhikaṃ duggandhavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha</span> yathāvutte pūtikāye rāgahetu <span class="bld">pamattā</span> pamādaṃ āpannā. <span class="bld">Pajā</span>ti sattā. <span class="bld">Hāpenti maggaṃ sugatūpapattiyā</span>ti sugatūpapattiyā maggaṃ, sīlampi hāpenti, pageva jhānādinti adhippāyo. Kevalaṃ ‘‘arahanto’’ti vattabbā sāvakakhīṇāsavā, itare pana paccekabuddhā sammāsambuddhāti saha visesanenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘arahantādīna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sabbadarathappaṭippassaddhiyā</span>ti sabbakilesadarathappaṭippassaddhiyā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyasīlapañcakavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāṇātipātādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena adinnādānādīnaṃ aggamaggavajjhakilesapariyosānānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pahānādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena veramaṇiādīnaṃ catunnaṃ. Kesuci potthakesu ‘‘pahānavasenā’’ti likhanti, sā pamādalekhā. <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ sīla</span>nti hirottappakaruṇālobhādipamukhena yena kusalacittuppādena pāṇātipāto pahīyati, taṃ pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ sīlanaṭṭhena sīlaṃ. Tathā pāṇātipātā <a name="M1.0078"></a> virati <span class="bld">veramaṇī sīlaṃ</span>. Pāṇātipātassa paṭipakkhacetanā <span class="bld">cetanā sīlaṃ</span>. Pāṇātipātassa saṃvaraṇaṃ pavesadvārapidhānaṃ <span class="bld">saṃvaro sīlaṃ</span>. Pāṇātipātassa avītikkamanaṃ <span class="bld">avītikkamo sīlaṃ. Adinnādānassā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Abhijjhā</span>dīnaṃ pana anabhijjhādivasena pahānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Veramaṇī cetanā taṃsampayuttā saṃvarāvītikkamā tappamukhā dhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dasakusalakammapathavasena pahānasīlādīni dassetvā idāni saupāyānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ samāpattīnaṃ, aṭṭhārasannaṃ mahāvipassanānaṃ, ariyamaggānañca vasena tāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nekkhammenā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nekkhammenā</span>ti alobhappadhānena kusalacittuppādena. Kusalā hi dhammā kāmapaṭipakkhā idha ‘‘nekkhamma’’nti adhippetā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmacchandassa pahānaṃ sīla’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">pahānasīlā</span>dīni heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Visesameva vakkhāma. <span class="bld">Abyāpādenā</span>ti mettāya. <span class="bld">Ālokasaññāyā</span>ti vibhūtaṃ katvā manasikaraṇena upaṭṭhitaālokasañjānanena<a name="V1.0073"></a>. <span class="bld">Avikkhepenā</span>ti samādhinā. <span class="bld">Dhammavavatthānenā</span>ti kusalādidhammānaṃ yāthāvanicchayena. Sapaccayanāmarūpavavatthānenātipi vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kāmacchandādinīvaraṇappahānena ‘‘abhijjhaṃ loke pahāyā’’tiādinā (vibha. 538) vuttāya paṭhamajjhānādhigamassa upāyabhūtāya pubbabhāgapaṭipadāya vasena pahānasīlādīni dassetvā idāni saupāyānaṃ aṭṭhasamāpattiādīnaṃ vasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Nāmarūpapariggahakaṅkhāvitaraṇānaṃ hi vibandhabhūtassa mohassa dūrīkaraṇena ñātapariññāya ṭhitassa aniccasaññādayo sijjhanti. Tathā jhānasamāpattīsu abhiratinimittena pāmojjena. Tattha anabhiratiyā vinoditāya jhānādīnaṃ samadhigamoti samāpattivipassanānaṃ arativinodanaavijjāpadālanādinā upāyoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇena avijjāya, pāmojjena aratiyā’’</span>ti. Uppaṭipāṭiniddeso pana nīvaraṇasabhāvāya avijjāya heṭṭhānīvaraṇesupi saṅgahadassanatthanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamena</span> <a name="M1.0079"></a> <span class="bld">jhānena nīvaraṇāna’’</span>ntiādīsu kathaṃ jhānānaṃ sīlabhāvo, kathaṃ vā tattha viratiyā sambhavo. Suvisuddhakāyakammādikassa hi cittasamādānavasena imāni jhānāni pavattanti, na parittakusalāni viya kāyakammādivisodhanavasena, nāpi maggaphaladhammā viya duccaritadurājīvasamucchedapaṭippassambhanavasenāti? Saccametaṃ. Mahaggatadhammesu nippariyāyena natthi sīlanaṭṭho, kuto viramaṇaṭṭho. Pariyāyena panetaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ko pana so pariyāyo? Yadaggena mahaggatā kusaladhammā paṭipakkhe pajahanti, tadaggena tato oratā. Te ca yathā cittaṃ nārohanti, evaṃ saṃvutā nāma honti. Pariyuṭṭhānasaṅkhāto manodvāre vītikkamo natthi etesūti avītikkamāti ca vuccanti, cetanā pana taṃsampayuttāti. Soyamattho parato āgamissati. Evañca katvā vitakkādipahānavacanampi samatthitaṃ hoti. Na hi nippariyāyato sīlaṃ kusaladhammānaṃ pahāyakaṃ yujjati, na cettha akusalavitakkādayo adhippetā. Kiñcāpi paṭhamajjhānūpacāreyeva dukkhassa, catutthajjhānūpacāre ca sukhassa pahānaṃ hoti, atisayapahānaṃ pana sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘catutthena jhānena sukhadukkhānaṃ pahāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">āruppakathāyaṃ</span> (visuddhi. 1.275 ādayo) āgamissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aniccassa, aniccanti vā anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā</span>. Tebhūmikadhammānaṃ aniccataṃ gahetvā <a name="V1.0074"></a> pavattāya vipassanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccasaññāyā</span>ti ‘‘saṅkhatadhammā niccā sassatā’’ti evaṃ pavattāya micchāsaññāya, saññāggahaṇeneva diṭṭhicittānampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo ito parāsupi. <span class="bld">Nibbidānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāresu nibbindanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nandiyā</span>ti sappītikataṇhāya. <span class="bld">Virāgānupassanāyā</span>ti virajjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Rāgassā</span>ti saṅkhāresu rāgassa. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhassa anupassanāya. Yathā vā saṅkhārā nirujjhantiyeva, āyatiṃ punabbhavavasena na uppajjanti, evaṃ anupassanā nirodhānupassanā. Tenevāha ‘‘nirodhānupassanāya nirodheti no samudetī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.83). Muñcitukāmatāya hi ayaṃ balappattā. Saṅkhārānaṃ paṭinissajjanākārena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā</span>. Paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā hi ayaṃ<a name="M1.0080"></a>. <span class="bld">Ādānassā</span>ti niccādivasena gahaṇassa. Santatisamūhakiccārammaṇavasena ekattagahaṇaṃ ghanasaññā, tassā <span class="bld">ghanasaññāya. Āyūhanassā</span>ti abhisaṅkharaṇassa. Saṅkhārānaṃ avatthādivisesāpatti <span class="bld">vipariṇāmo. Dhuvasaññāyā</span>ti thirabhāvagahaṇassa. <span class="bld">Nimittassā</span>ti samūhādighanavasena sakiccaparicchedatāya ca saṅkhārānaṃ saviggahatāya. <span class="bld">Paṇidhiyā</span>ti rāgādipaṇidhiyā, taṇhāvasena saṅkhāresu ninnatāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Abhinivesassā</span>ti attānudiṭṭhiyā. Aniccadukkhādivasena sabbatebhūmakadhammatiraṇā <span class="bld">adhipaññādhammavipassanā. Sārādānābhinivesassā</span>ti asāresu sāragahaṇavipallāsassa. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ</span> thirabhāvapattā aniccādianupassanāva. Udayabbayañāṇanti keci. Sappaccayanāmarūpadassananti apare. ‘‘Issarakuttādivasena loko samuppanno’’ti abhiniveso <span class="bld">sammohābhiniveso</span>. Ucchedasassatābhinivesoti keci. ‘‘Ahosiṃ nu kho ahamatītamaddhāna’’ntiādinayappavattā (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20; mahāni. 174) saṃsayāpatti sammohābhinivesoti apare. Saṅkhāresu tāṇaleṇabhāvagahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">ālayābhiniveso</span>. ‘‘Ālayaratā ālayasammuditā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.67; ma. ni. 1.281; 2.337; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 7-8) vacanato ālayo taṇhā. Sā eva cakkhādīsu, rūpādīsu ca abhinivisanavasena pavattiyā ālayābhinivesoti apare. ‘‘Evaṃ ṭhitā te saṅkhārā paṭinissajjīyantī’’ti pavattaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānupassanā. Appaṭisaṅkhā</span> paṭisaṅkhāya paṭipakkhabhūtā mohappadhānā akusaladhammā. Vaṭṭato vigatattā vivaṭṭaṃ nibbānaṃ, tattha ninnabhāvasaṅkhātena anupassanena pavatti <span class="bld">vivaṭṭānupassanā,</span> saṅkhārupekkhā ceva anulomañāṇañca. <span class="bld">Saññogābhiniveso</span> saṃyujjanavasena saṅkhāresu abhinivisanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhekaṭṭhāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0075"></a> diṭṭhiyā sahajekaṭṭhānañca pahānekaṭṭhānañca. <span class="bld">Oḷārikāna</span>nti uparimaggavajjhe kilese upādāya vuttaṃ. Aññathā dassanena pahātabbāpi dutiyamaggavajjhehi oḷārikā. <span class="bld">Aṇusahagatāna</span>nti aṇubhūtānaṃ, idaṃ heṭṭhimamaggavajjhe upādāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakilesāna</span>nti avasiṭṭhasabbakilesānaṃ. Na hi paṭhamamaggādīhi pahīnā kilesā puna pahīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Cittassa</span> <a name="M1.0081"></a> <span class="bld">avippaṭisārāya saṃvattantī’’</span>tiādīsu saṃvaro avippaṭisāratthāya. ‘‘Avippaṭisāratthāni kho, ānanda, kusalāni sīlānī’’ti (a. ni. 10.1) vacanato cetaso avippaṭisāratthāya bhavanti. Avippaṭisāro pāmojjatthāya. ‘‘Yoniso manasi karoto pāmojjaṃ jāyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.359) vacanato <span class="bld">pāmojjāya saṃvattanti</span>. Pāmojjaṃ pītiyā. ‘‘Pamuditassa pīti jāyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; a. ni. 3.96; 6.10; 11.12) vacanato <span class="bld">pītiyā saṃvattanti</span>. Pīti passaddhatthāya. ‘‘Pītimanassa kāyo passambhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; a. ni. 3.96; 6.10; 11.12) vacanato <span class="bld">passaddhiyā saṃvattanti</span>. Passaddhi sukhatthāya. ‘‘Passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedetī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; a. ni. 3.96; 6.10; 11.12) vacanato <span class="bld">somanassāya saṃvattantī</span>ti. ‘‘Sukhatthāya sukhaṃ vedetī’’ti cettha somanassaṃ ‘‘sukha’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsevanāyā</span>ti samādhissa āsevanāya. Nirāmise hi sukhe siddhe ‘‘sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; 3.359; a. ni. 3.96; 6.10; 11.12) vacanato samādhi siddhoyeva hoti, tasmā samādhissa āsevanāya paguṇabalavabhāvāya saṃvattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti tasseva samādhissa vaḍḍhiyā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkammāyā</span>ti punappunaṃ kiriyāya. <span class="bld">Alaṅkārāyā</span>ti tasseva samādhissa pasādhanabhūtasaddhindriyādinipphattiyā alaṅkārāya <span class="bld">saṃvattanti. Parikkhārāyā</span>ti avippaṭisārādikassa samādhisambhārassa siddhiyā tasseva samādhissa parikkhārāya saṃvattanti. Sambhārattho hi idha parikkhāra-saddo. ‘‘Ye ca kho ime pabbajitena jīvitaparikkhārā samudānetabbā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.191) viya sambhāroti ca paccayo veditabbo. Kāmañcāyaṃ parikkhāra-saddo ‘‘ratho sīlaparikkhāro’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.4) alaṅkārattho. ‘‘Sattahi nagaraparikkhārehi suparikkhattaṃ hotī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.67) parivārattho vutto. Idha pana alaṅkāraparivārānaṃ visuṃ gahitattā ‘‘sambhārattho’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="V1.0076"></a>. <span class="bld">Parivārāyā</span>ti mūlakāraṇabhāveneva samādhissa parivārabhūtasativīriyādidhammavisesasādhanena parivārasampattiyā saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Pāripūriyā</span>ti vasībhāvasampāpanena, vipassanāya padaṭṭhānabhāvāpādanena ca paripuṇṇabhāvasādhanato samādhissa pāripūriyā <span class="bld">saṃvattanti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ suparisuddhasīlamūlakaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ samādhiṃ dassetvā idāni ‘‘samāhito pajānāti passati, yathābhūtaṃ jānaṃ passaṃ nibbindati, nibbindaṃ virajjati<a name="M1.0082"></a>, virāgā vimuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 10.2; sa. ni. 3.14) vacanato sīlamūlakāni samādhipadaṭṭhānāni payojanāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekantanibbidāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Nibbidāya hi dassitāya tassā padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ dassitameva hoti, tasmiṃ asati nibbidāya asijjhanato. Nibbidādayo atthato vibhattā eva. Yathābhūtañāṇadassananti panettha sappaccayanāmarūpadassanaṃ adhippetaṃ. Evamettha amatamahānibbānapariyosānaṃ sīlassa payojanaṃ dassitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni pahānādīsu sīlatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha pajahanaṃ anuppādanirodho <span class="bld">pahāna</span>nti tassa bhāvasādhanataṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘pahānanti koci dhammo nāma natthī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā panassa dhammabhāvo sambhavati, tathā heṭṭhā saṃvaṇṇitameva. Evaṃ hissa sīlabhāvo suṭṭhu yujjati. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ pahāna</span>nti ‘‘pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ, adinnādānassa pahāna’’nti evaṃ vuttaṃ taṃ taṃ pahānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa tassa kusaladhammassā</span>ti pāṇātipātassa pahānaṃ mettādikusaladhammassa, adinnādānassa pahānaṃ cāgādikusaladhammassāti evaṃ tassa tassa kusaladhammassa. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhānaṭṭhenā</span>ti patiṭṭhānabhāvena. Pahānaṃ hi tasmiṃ sati hoti, asati na hoti, tassa ‘‘patiṭṭhāna’’nti vattabbataṃ labhatīti katvā yasmiṃ santāne pāṇātipātādayo tassa pakampahetavoti tappahānaṃ <span class="bld">vikampābhāvakaraṇena ca samādhānaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sesapahānesupi vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhānaṃ</span> saṇṭhapanaṃ, saṃyamanaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Itare cattāro</span>ti veramaṇiādayo cattāro dhammā na pahānaṃ viya vohāramattanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tato tato</span>ti tamhā tamhā pāṇātipātādito. <span class="bld">Tassa tassā</span>ti pāṇātipātādikassa saṃvaraṇavasena, tassa tassa vā saṃvarassa vasena. <span class="bld">Tadubhayasampayuttacetanāvasenā</span>ti veramaṇīhi, saṃvaradhammehi ca sampayuttāya cetanāya vasena. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ avītikkamantassā</span>ti taṃ taṃ pāṇātipātādiṃ avītikkamantassa puggalassa, dhammasamūhassa vā vasena <span class="bld">cetaso pavattisabbhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttā</span>. Tasmā ekakkhaṇepi labbhantīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sīlasaṃkilesavodānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Saṃkilissati <a name="M1.0083"></a><a name="V1.0077"></a> tenāti <span class="bld">saṃkileso</span>. Ko pana soti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khaṇḍādibhāvo sīlassa saṃkileso’’</span>ti. Vodāyati visujjhati etenāti <span class="bld">vodānaṃ, akhaṇḍādibhāvo. Lābhayasādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ñātiaṅgajīvitādīnaṃ saṅgaho. <span class="bld">Sattasu āpattikkhandhesu ādimhi vā ante vā vemajjhe</span>ti ca idaṃ tesaṃ uddesādipāḷivasena vuttaṃ. Na hi añño koci āpattikkhandhānaṃ anukkamo atthi. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍa</span>nti khaṇḍavantaṃ, khaṇḍitaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Chidda</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pariyante chinnasāṭako viyā</span>ti vatthante, dasante vā chinnavatthaṃ viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti idāni vuccamānākārena. <span class="bld">Methunasaṃyogavasenā</span>ti rāgapariyuṭṭhānena sadisabhāvāpattiyā mithunānaṃ idanti methunaṃ, nibandhanaṃ. Methunavasena samāyogo methunasaṃyogo. Idha pana methunasaṃyogo viyāti methunasaṃyogo, tassa vasena. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ loke. <span class="bld">Ekacco</span>ti eko. <span class="bld">Samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā</span>ti pabbajjāmattena samaṇo vā jātimattena brāhmaṇo vā. <span class="bld">Dvayaṃdvayasamāpatti</span>nti dvīhi dvīhi samāpajjitabbaṃ, methunanti attho. <span class="bld">Na heva kho samāpajjatī</span>ti sambandho. <span class="bld">Ucchādanaṃ</span> ubbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sambāhanaṃ</span> parimaddanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādiyatī</span>ti adhivāseti. <span class="bld">Tadassādetī</span>ti taṃ ucchādanādiṃ abhiramati. <span class="bld">Nikāmetī</span>ti icchati. <span class="bld">Vitti</span>nti tuṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Idampi kho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ sādiyanādiṃ khaṇḍabhāvādivasena ekaṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pi</span>-saddo vakkhamānaṃ upādāya samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Kho</span>-saddo avadhāraṇattho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yadetaṃ brahmacārīpaṭiññassa asatipi dvayaṃdvayasamāpattiyaṃ mātugāmassa ucchādananhāpanasambāhanasādiyanādi, idampi ekaṃsena tassa brahmacariyassa khaṇḍādibhāvāpādanato khaṇḍampi chiddampi sabalampi kammāsampīti. Evaṃ pana khaṇḍādibhāvāpattiyā so aparisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carati, na parisuddhaṃ, saṃyutto methunasaṃyogena, na visaṃyutto. Tato cassa na jātiādīhi parimuttīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ vuccatī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sañjagghatī</span>ti kilesavasena mahāhasitaṃ hasati. <span class="bld">Saṃkīḷatī</span>ti kāyasaṃsaggavasena kīḷati. <span class="bld">Saṃkelāyatī</span>ti sabbaso mātugāmaṃ kelāyanto <a name="M1.0084"></a> viharati. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā</span>ti attano cakkhunā. <span class="bld">Cakkhu</span>nti mātugāmassa cakkhuṃ. <span class="bld">Upanijjhāyatī</span>ti upecca nijjhāyati oloketi. <span class="bld">Tirokuṭṭā</span>ti kuṭṭassa <a name="V1.0078"></a> parato. Tathā <span class="bld">tiropākārā</span>. Mattikāmayā bhitti kuṭṭaṃ, iṭṭhakāmayā pākāroti vadanti. Yā kāci vā bhitti porisato diyaḍḍharatanuccappamāṇā kuṭṭaṃ, kuṭṭato adhiko pākāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti brahmacārīpaṭiññassa. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti vatasamādānato pubbe. <span class="bld">Kāmaguṇehī</span>ti kāmakoṭṭhāsehi. <span class="bld">Samappita</span>nti suṭṭhu appitaṃ sahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Samaṅgībhūta</span>nti samannāgataṃ. <span class="bld">Paricārayamāna</span>nti kīḷantaṃ, upaṭṭhahiyamānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Paṇidhāyā</span>ti patthetvā. <span class="bld">Sīlenā</span>tiādīsu yamaniyamādisamādānavasena <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span>. Avītikkamavasena <span class="bld">vataṃ</span>. Ubhayampi <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span>. Dukkaracariyavasena pavattitaṃ <span class="bld">vataṃ</span>. Taṃtaṃakiccasammatato vā nivattilakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sīlaṃ</span>. Taṃtaṃsamādānavato vesabhojanakiccakaraṇādivisesapaṭipatti <span class="bld">vataṃ</span>. Sabbathāpi dukkaracariyā <span class="bld">tapo</span>. Methunavirati <span class="bld">brahmacariyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti anavasesato, sabbesaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Abhedenā</span>ti avītikkamena. Aparāya ca pāpadhammānaṃ anuppattiyā, guṇānaṃ uppattiyā saṅgahitoti yojanā. Tattha kujjhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">kodho</span>. Upanandhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">upanāho</span>. Paresaṃ guṇamakkhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">makkho</span>. Yugaggāhalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">paḷāso</span>. Parasampattiusūyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">issā</span>. Attasampattinigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ</span>. Santadosapaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Asantaguṇasambhāvanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāṭheyyaṃ</span>. Cittassa thaddhabhāvalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">thambho</span>. Karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">sārambho</span>. Unnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">māno</span>. Abbhunnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">atimāno</span>. Majjanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">mado</span>. Cittavosaggalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">pamādo. Ādi</span>-saddena lobhamohaviparītamanasikārādīnaṃ saṅgaho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘‘akhaṇḍādibhāvo panā’’tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yāni hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anupahatānī</span>ti anupaddutāni. Vivaṭṭūpanissayatāya taṇhādāsabyato mocanena <span class="bld">bhujissabhāvakaraṇaṃ</span>. Aviññūnaṃ appamāṇattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘viññūhi pasatthattā’’</span>ti. Samādhisaṃvattanaṃ vā etesaṃ payojanaṃ, samādhisaṃvattane vā niyuttānīti <span class="bld">samādhisaṃvattanikāni</span>. Niddānena sassasampatti viya paṭipakkhavigamena sīlasampadā, sā ca tattha <a name="M1.0085"></a> sati dosadassaneti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlavipattiyā ca ādīnavadassanenā’’</span>ti. Nisammakārīnaṃ payojanagarukatāya diṭṭhaguṇeyeva sammāpaṭipattīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasampattiyā ca ānisaṃsadassanenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0079"></a> sīlavipattiyā ādīnavo sīlasampadāya heṭṭhā dassitaānisaṃsapaṭipakkhato veditabbo, taṃ suviññeyyanti avitthāretvā pakārantarehi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>ti āraddhaṃ. Tattha yathā sīlasampadā sattānaṃ manuññabhāvakāraṇaṃ, evaṃ sīlavipatti amanuññabhāvakāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dussīlo…pe… devamanussāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ananusāsanīyo</span> jigucchitabbato. <span class="bld">Dukkhito</span>ti sañjātadukkho. <span class="bld">Vippaṭisārī</span>ti ‘‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇa’’ntiādinā paccānutāpī. <span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇo</span>ti guṇavaṇṇena, kāyavaṇṇena ca virahito. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti dussīlassa. Samphassitānaṃ dukkho dukkhāvaho samphasso etassāti <span class="bld">dukkhasamphasso</span>. Guṇānubhāvābhāvato appaṃ agghatīti <span class="bld">appaggho. Anekavassagaṇikagūthakūpo viyā</span>ti anekavassasamūhe sañcitukkārāvāṭo viya. <span class="bld">Dubbisodhano</span> sodhetuṃ asakkuṇeyyo. <span class="bld">Chavālātaṃ</span> chavaḍāhe santajjanummukkaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhato paribāhiro</span>ti sāmaññato, gihibhogato ca parihīno. Sabbesaṃ verī, sabbe vā verī etassāti sabbaverī, so eva <span class="bld">sabbaveriko, puriso</span>. Saṃvāsaṃ nārahatīti <span class="bld">asaṃvāsāraho. Saddhamme</span>ti paṭipattisaddhamme, paṭivedhasaddhamme ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Aggikkhandhapariyāye vuttadukkhabhāgitāyā’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dussīlānañhī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Pañcakāmaguṇaparibhogasukhe, parehi kayiramānavandanamānanādisukhe ca assādena gadhitacittā <span class="bld">pañcakāma…pe… gadhitacittā,</span> tesaṃ. Te yathāvuttasukhassādā paccayā etassāti <span class="bld">tappaccayaṃ</span>. Dukkhanti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Passatha no</span>ti passatha nu, api passatha. <span class="bld">Mahanta</span>nti vipulaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggikkhandha</span>nti aggisamūhaṃ. <span class="bld">Āditta</span>nti padittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampajjalita</span>nti samantato pajjalitaṃ acchivipphuliṅgāni muccantaṃ. <span class="bld">Sajotibhūta</span>nti sapabhaṃ samantato uṭṭhitāhi jālāhi ekappabhāsamudayabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ kiṃ maññathā</span>ti taṃ idāni mayā vuccamānamatthaṃ kiṃ maññathāti anumatigahaṇatthaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Āliṅgetvā</span>ti upagūhitvā. <span class="bld">Upanisīdeyyā</span>ti teneva āliṅganena upecca nisīdeyya. Yadatthamettha satthā aggikkhandhāliṅganaṃ, kaññāliṅganañca ānesi, tamatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ārocayāmī’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="M1.0086"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">ārocayāmī</span>ti āmantemi. <span class="bld">Vo</span>ti tumhe. <span class="bld">Paṭivedayāmī</span>ti pabodhemi. <span class="bld">Dussīlassā</span>ti nissīlassa sīlavirahitassa. <span class="bld">Pāpadhammassā</span>ti dussīlattā eva hīnajjhāsayatāya lāmakasabhāvassa. <span class="bld">Asucisaṅkassarasamācārassā</span>ti aparisuddhakāyasamācārāditāya asucissa hutvā saṅkāya saritabbasamācārassa. Dussīlo hi kiñcideva asāruppaṃ disvā ‘‘idaṃ <a name="V1.0080"></a> asukena kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti paresaṃ āsaṅkanīyova hoti, kenacideva vā karaṇīyena mantayante bhikkhū disvā ‘‘kacci nu kho ime mayā kataṃ kammaṃ jānitvā mantentī’’ti attanoyeva saṅkāya saritabbasamācāroti. <span class="bld">Paṭicchannakammantassā</span>ti lajjitabbatāya paṭicchādetabbakammantassa. <span class="bld">Assamaṇassā</span>ti na samaṇassa. Salākaggahaṇādīsu ‘‘ahampi samaṇo’’ti micchāpaṭiññāya <span class="bld">samaṇapaṭiññassa</span>. Aseṭṭhacāritāya <span class="bld">abrahmacārissa</span>. Uposathādīsu ‘‘ahampi brahmacārī’’ti micchāpaṭiññāya <span class="bld">brahmacāripaṭiññassa</span>. Pūtinā kammena sīlavipattiyā anto anupaviṭṭhattā <span class="bld">antopūtikassa</span>. Chahi dvārehi rāgādikilesānuvassanena tintattā <span class="bld">avassutassa</span>. Sañjātarāgādikacavarattā, sīlavantehi chaḍḍetabbattā ca <span class="bld">kasambujātassa. Aggikkhandhūpamāya</span> hīnūpamabhūtāyāti attho. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘etadeva tassa vara’’nti. Bhagavā dukkhaṃ dassetvā dukkhaṃ dassetīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāḷarajjuyā</span>ti vāḷehi katarajjuyā. Sā hi kharatarā hoti. <span class="bld">Ghaṃseyyā</span>ti padhaṃsanavasena ghaṃseyya. <span class="bld">Teladhotāyā</span>ti telena nisitāya. <span class="bld">Paccorasmi</span>nti patiurasmiṃ urābhimukhaṃ, uramajjheti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ayosaṅkunā</span>ti saṇḍāsena. <span class="bld">Pheṇuddehaka</span>nti pheṇaṃ uddehetvā, anekavāraṃ pheṇaṃ uṭṭhapetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aggikkhandhāliṅganadukkhatopi adhimattadukkhatāya kaṭukabhūtaṃ dukkhaṃ phalaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">aggikkhandhāliṅganadukkhādhikadukkhakaṭukaphalaṃ</span>. Kāmasukhaṃ avijahato <span class="bld">bhinnasīlassa</span> dussīlassa <span class="bld">kuto</span> tassa <span class="bld">sukhaṃ</span> natthevāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sādane</span>ti sādiyane. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti añjalikammasādanaṃ. <span class="bld">Asīlino</span>ti dussīlassa. <span class="bld">Upahata</span>nti sīlabyasanena upaddutaṃ. <span class="bld">Khata</span>nti kusalamūlānaṃ khaṇanena khataṃ, khaṇitaṃ vā guṇaṃ sarīreti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sabbabhayehī</span>ti attānuvādādisabbabhayehi. Upacārajjhānaṃ upādāya <span class="bld">sabbehi adhigamasukhehi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttappakāraviparītato</span>ti <a name="M1.0087"></a> sīlavipattiyaṃ vuttākārapaṭipakkhato ‘‘manāpo hoti devamanussāna’’ntiādinā. <span class="bld">Kāyagandhopi pāmojjaṃ, sīlavantassa bhikkhuno. Karoti api devāna</span>nti ettha ‘‘gandho isīnaṃ ciradikkhitāna’’ntiādikā (jā. 2.17.55) gāthā vitthāretabbā. <span class="bld">Avighātī</span>ti appaṭighātī. Vadhabandhādiparikilesā <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammikā āsavā</span> upaddavā. <span class="bld">Samparāyikadukkhānaṃ mūlaṃ</span> nāma dussīlyaṃ. Antamatikkantaṃ accantaṃ, accantaṃ santā <span class="bld">accantasantā</span> <a name="V1.0081"></a> kilesapariḷāhasaṅkhātadarathānaṃ abhāvena sabbadā santā. <span class="bld">Ubbijjitvā</span>ti ñāṇutrāsena uttasitvā. <span class="bld">Vodāpetabba</span>nti visodhetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sīlaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti paṭhamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">2. Dhutaṅganiddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. Appā <a name="M1.0088"></a><a name="V1.0082"></a> icchā etassāti appiccho, paccayagedharahito. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">appicchatā,</span> alobhajjhāsayatāti attho. Samaṃ tuṭṭhi, santena, sakena vā tuṭṭhi santuṭṭhi, santuṭṭhi eva <span class="bld">santuṭṭhitā,</span> aññaṃ apatthetvā yathāladdhehi itarītarehi paccayehi paritussanā. <span class="bld">Santuṭṭhitādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ta</span>-kāro vā padasandhikaro. ‘‘Santuṭṭhiādīhī’’ti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Te guṇe</span>ti te sīlavodānassa hetubhūte appicchatādiguṇe. <span class="bld">Sampādetu</span>nti sampanne kātuṃ. Te hi sīlavisuddhiyā paṭiladdhamattā hutvā dhutadhammehi sampannatarā honti. <span class="bld">Dhutaṅgasamādāna</span>nti kilesānaṃ dhunanakaaṅgānaṃ viddhaṃsanakāraṇānaṃ sammadeva ādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti evaṃ sante, dhutaṅgasamādāne kateti attho. <span class="bld">Assa</span> yogino. <span class="bld">Sallekho</span> kilesānaṃ sammadeva likhanā chedanā tanukaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paviveko</span> cittavivekassa upāyabhūtā vivekaṭṭhakāyatā. <span class="bld">Apacayo</span> yathā paṭipajjanato kilesā naṃ apacinanti na ācinanti, tathā paṭipajjanā. <span class="bld">Vīriyārambho</span> anuppannānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ anuppādanādivasena āraddhavīriyatā. <span class="bld">Subharatā</span> yathāvuttaappicchabhāvādisiddhā upaṭṭhakānaṃ sukhabharaṇīyatā suposatā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena appakiccatāsallahukavuttiādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sīlañceva</span> yathāsamādinnaṃ paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ dūrībhāvena <span class="bld">suparisuddhaṃ bhavissati. Vatāni ca</span> dhutadhammā ca <span class="bld">sampajjissanti</span> sampannā bhavissanti, nipphajjissanti vā. Yā thirabhūtā itarītaracīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanasantuṭṭhi porāṇānaṃ buddhādīnaṃ ariyānaṃ paveṇibhāvena ṭhitā, tattha patiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘porāṇe ariyavaṃsattaye patiṭṭhāyā’’</span>ti. Bhāvanā āramitabbaṭṭhena ārāmo etassāti bhāvanārāmo, tabbhāvo <span class="bld">bhāvanārāmatā,</span> samathavipassanābhāvanāsu yuttappayuttatā. Yasmā adhigamāraho bhavissati, <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lābhasakkārādi taṇhāya āmasitabbato, lokapariyāpannatāya ca <span class="bld">lokāmisaṃ</span>. Nibbānādhigamassa anulomato <span class="bld">anulomapaṭipadā</span> vipassanābhāvanā. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti vacanatthato. <span class="bld">Pabhedato</span>ti <a name="V1.0083"></a> vibhāgato. <span class="bld">Bhedato</span>ti vināsato. <span class="bld">Dhutādīna</span>nti dhutadhutavādadhutadhammadhutaṅgānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāsabyāsato</span>ti saṅkhepavitthārato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Rathikā</span>ti <a name="M1.0089"></a> racchā. <span class="bld">Saṅkārakūṭādīna</span>nti niddhāraṇe sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhuggataṭṭhenā</span>ti ussitaṭṭhena. ‘‘Nadiyā kūla’’ntiādīsu viya samussayattho <span class="bld">kūla</span>-saddoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṃsukūlamiva paṃsukūla’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ku</span>-saddo kucchāyaṃ <span class="bld">ula</span>-saddo gatiatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kucchitabhāvaṃ gacchatīti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti, paṃsu viya kucchitaṃ ulati pavattatīti vā <span class="bld">paṃsukūlaṃ</span>. Paṃsukūlassa dhāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṃsukūlaṃ</span> uttarapadalopena, taṃ sīlamassāti paṃsukūliko, yathā ‘‘āpūpiko’’ti. Aṅgati attano phalaṃ paṭicca hetubhāvaṃ gacchatīti <span class="bld">aṅgaṃ,</span> kāraṇaṃ. Yena puggalo ‘‘paṃsukūliko’’ti vuccati, so samādānacetanāsaṅkhāto dhammo paṃsukūlikassa aṅganti <span class="bld">paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṃsukūlikassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti samādānassa. Samādiyati etenāti <span class="bld">samādānaṃ,</span> cetanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eteneva nayenā</span>ti yathā paṃsukūladhāraṇaṃ paṃsukūlaṃ, taṃsīlo paṃsukūliko, tassa aṅgaṃ samādānacetanā ‘‘paṃsukūlikaṅga’’nti vuttaṃ, evaṃ eteneva vacanatthanayena ticīvaradhāraṇaṃ ticīvaraṃ, taṃsīlo tecīvariko, tassa aṅgaṃ samādānacetanā <span class="bld">‘‘tecīvarikaṅga’’</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Saṅghāṭiādīsu eva tīsu cīvaresu ticīvarasamaññā, na kaṇḍupaṭicchādivassikasāṭikādīsūti tāni sarūpato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghāṭiuttarāsaṅgaantaravāsakasaṅkhāta’’</span>nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ piṇḍapāta</span>nti parehi diyyamānānaṃ piṇḍānaṃ patte patanasaṅkhātaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ, taṃ uñchatīti <span class="bld">piṇḍapātiko,</span> yathā bādariko sāmākiko. Piṇḍapāti eva piṇḍapātiko, yathā bhaddo eva bhaddako. <span class="bld">Avakhaṇḍanaṃ</span> vicchindanaṃ nirantaramappavatti. Tappaṭikkhepato <span class="bld">anavakhaṇḍanaṃ</span> avicchindanaṃ nirantarappavatti. <span class="bld">Saha apadānenā</span>ti saha anavakhaṇḍanena. <span class="bld">Sapadāna</span>nti padassa kiriyāvisesanabhāvaṃ, yattha ca taṃ anavakhaṇḍanaṃ, tañca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avakhaṇḍanarahitaṃ anugharanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekāsane</span>ti iriyāpathantarena anantaritāya ekāyayeva nisajjāya. <span class="bld">Patte piṇḍo</span>ti ettha vatthubhedo idhādhippeto, na sāmaññaṃ. Eva-kāro ca luttaniddiṭṭhoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kevalaṃ ekasmiṃyeva patte’’</span>ti āha. Uttarapadalopaṃ katvā ayaṃ niddesoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pattapiṇḍagahaṇe pattapiṇḍasaññaṃ katvā’’</span>ti āha. Esa nayo ito paresupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pacchābhattaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0090"></a><a name="V1.0084"></a> nāma pavāraṇato pacchā laddhabhattaṃ eva. <span class="bld">Khalu</span>-saddassa paṭisedhatthavācakattā tena samānatthaṃ na-kāraṃ gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘na pacchābhattiko’’</span>ti. Sikkhāpadassa visayo sikkhāpadeneva paṭikkhitto. Yo tassa avisayo, so eva samādānassa visayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samādānavasena paṭikkhittātirittabhojanassā’’</span>ti. Abbhokāse nivāso <span class="bld">abbhokāso</span>. Susāne nivāso <span class="bld">susānaṃ,</span> taṃ sīlaṃ assātiādinā sabbaṃ vattabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti. Yathāsanthataṃ viya <span class="bld">yathāsanthataṃ,</span> ādito yathāuddiṭṭhaṃ. Taṃ hesa ‘‘idaṃ bahumaṅkuṇaṃ duggandhapavāta’’ntiādivasena appaṭikkhipitvāva sampaṭicchati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ tuyha’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sayana</span>nti nipajjanamāha. <span class="bld">Tena tena samādānenā</span>ti tena tena paṃsukūlikaṅgādikassa samādānena <span class="bld">dhutakilesattā</span>ti viddhaṃsitakilesattā, tadaṅgavasena pahīnataṇhupādānādipāpadhammattāti attho. Yehi taṃ kilesadhunanaṃ, tāniyeva idha dhutassa bhikkhuno aṅgānīti adhippetāni, na aññāni yāni kānici, aññena vā dhutassāti ayamattho atthato āpanno. ‘‘Ñāṇaṃ aṅgaṃ etesa’’nti iminā ñāṇapubbakataṃ tesaṃ samādānassa vibhāveti. <span class="bld">Paṭipattiyā</span>ti sīlādisammāpaṭipattiyā. Samādiyati etenāti samādānaṃ, samādānavasena pavattā cetanā, taṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">samādānacetanālakkhaṇāni</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Samādānakiriyāya, sādhakatamabhāvato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sampayuttadhammā yenāti, karaṇabhāvena dassitā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samādānacetanāya gahaṇaṃ taṃmūlakattā pariharaṇacetanāpi dhutaṅgameva. Attanā, parammukhena ca kusalabhaṇḍassa bhusaṃ viluppanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">loluppaṃ</span> taṇhācāro, tassa viddhaṃsanakiccattā <span class="bld">loluppaviddhaṃsanarasāni</span>. Tato eva nilloluppabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhanti, taṃ vā paccupaṭṭhāpentīti <span class="bld">nilloluppabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānāni. Ariyadhammapadaṭṭhānānī</span>ti parisuddhasīlādisaddhammapadaṭṭhānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavatova santike samādātabbānī</span>ti idaṃ antarā avicchedanatthaṃ vuttaṃ, rañño santike paṭiññātārahassa atthassa tadupajīvino ekaṃsato avisaṃvādanaṃ viya. Sesānaṃ santike samādānepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ekasaṅgītikassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0091"></a> pañcasu dīghanikāyādīsu nikāyesu ekanikāyikassa. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathācariyassā</span>ti yassa aṭṭhakathātantiyeva visesato paguṇā, tassa. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti attanāpi samādānassa ruhane. <span class="bld">Jeṭṭhakabhātu dhutaṅgappicchatāya vatthū</span>ti so kira thero nesajjiko<a name="V1.0085"></a>, tassa taṃ na koci jānāti. Athekadivasaṃ rattiyā sayanapiṭṭhe nisinnaṃ vijjulatobhāsena disvā itaro pucchi ‘‘kiṃ, bhante, tumhe nesajjikā’’ti. Thero dhutaṅgappicchatāya tāvadeva nipajjitvā pacchā samādiyīti evamāgataṃ vatthu.</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Paṃsukūlikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Gahapatidānacīvara</span>nti ettha dāyakabhāvena samaṇāpi ukkaṭṭhassa gahapatipakkhaṃyeva paviṭṭhāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Pabbajito gaṇhissatī’’ti ṭhapitakaṃ siyā gahapaticīvaraṃ, na pana gahapatidānacīvaranti tādisaṃ nivattetuṃ <span class="bld">dāna</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññatarenā</span>ti ettha samādānavacanena tāva samādinnaṃ hotu, paṭikkhepavacanena pana kathanti? Atthato āpannattā. Yathā ‘‘devadatto divā na bhuñjatī’’ti vutte ‘‘rattiyaṃ bhuñjatī’’ti atthato āpannameva hoti, tassa āhārena vinā sarīraṭṭhiti natthīti, evamidhāpi bhikkhuno gahapatidānacīvare paṭikkhitte tadaññacīvarappaṭiggaho atthato āpanno eva hoti, cīvarena vinā sāsane ṭhiti natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ samādinnadhutaṅgenā</span>tiādividhānaṃ paṃsukūlikaṅge paṭipajjanavidhi. Susāne laddhaṃ <span class="bld">sosānikaṃ</span>. Taṃ pana yasmā tattha kenaci chaḍḍitattā patitaṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘susāne patitaka’’</span>nti. Evaṃ <span class="bld">pāpaṇika</span>mpi daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tālaveḷimaggo</span> nāma mahāgāme ekā vīthi. Anurādhapureti ca vadanti. Ḍaḍḍho padeso etassāti <span class="bld">ḍaḍḍhappadesaṃ,</span> vatthaṃ. Magge patitakaṃ bahudivasātikkantaṃ gahetabbanti vadanti. ‘‘Dvattidivasātikkanta’’nti apare. <span class="bld">Thokaṃ rakkhitvā</span>ti katipayaṃ kālaṃ āgametvā. Vātāhatampi sāmikānaṃ satisammosena patitasadisanti <span class="bld">‘‘sāmike apassantena gahetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā thokaṃ āgametvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Saṅghassa demā’’ti dinnaṃ, coḷakabhikkhāvasena laddhañca laddhakālato paṭṭhāya ‘‘samaṇacīvaraṃ siyā nu kho, no’’ti āsaṅkaṃ nivattetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na taṃ paṃsukūla’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Na hi taṃ tevīsatiyā uppattiṭṭhānesu katthaci pariyāpannaṃ. Idāni imināva pasaṅgena yaṃ bhikkhudattiye lakkhaṇapattaṃ <a name="M1.0092"></a> paṃsukūlaṃ, tassa ca ukkaṭṭhānukkaṭṭhavibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhikkhudattiyepī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gāhetvā vā dīyatī</span>ti saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā dentehi yaṃ cīvaraṃ vassaggena pāpetvā bhikkhūnaṃ dīyati. <span class="bld">Senāsanacīvara</span>nti senāsanaṃ kāretvā ‘‘etasmiṃ senāsane vasantā paribhuñjantū’’ti <a name="V1.0086"></a> dinnacīvaraṃ. <span class="bld">Na taṃ paṃsukūla</span>nti apaṃsukūlabhāvo pubbe vuttakāraṇato, gāhetvā dinnattā ca. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘no gāhāpetvā dinnameva paṃsukūla’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tatrapī</span>ti yaṃ gāhetvā na dinnaṃ bhikkhudattiyaṃ, tatrapi yena bhikkhunā cīvaraṃ dīyati, tassa lābhe, dāne ca visuṃ visuṃ ubhayattha ādaragāravānaṃ sabbhāvato, tadabhāvato ca bhikkhudattiyassa ekatosuddhi ubhatosuddhi anukkaṭṭhatā hontīti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ dāyakehī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, pādamūle ṭhapetvā dinnakaṃ samaṇenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yassa kassacī</span>ti ukkaṭṭhādīsu yassa kassaci. <span class="bld">Ruciyā</span>ti chandena. <span class="bld">Khantiyā</span>ti nijjhānakkhantiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nissayānurūpapaṭipattisabbhāvo</span>ti upasampannasamanantaraṃ ācariyena vuttesu catūsu nissayesu attanā yathāpaṭiññātadutiyanissayānurūpāya paṭipattiyā vijjamānatā. <span class="bld">Ārakkhadukkhābhāvo</span>ti cīvarārakkhanadukkhassa abhāvo paṃsukūlacīvarassa alobhanīyattā. <span class="bld">Paribhogataṇhāya abhāvo</span> savisesalūkhasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Pāsādikatā</span>ti paresaṃ pasādāvahatā. <span class="bld">Appicchatādīnaṃ phalanipphatti</span> dhutaṅgapariharaṇassa appicchatādīhiyeva nipphādetabbato. Dhutadhamme samādāya vattanaṃ yāvadeva upari sammāpaṭipattisampādanāyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammāpaṭipattiyā anubrūhana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Mārasenavighātāyā</span>ti mārassa, mārasenāya ca vihananāya viddhaṃsanāya. Kāyavācācittehi yato saṃyatoti <span class="bld">yati,</span> bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Dhāritaṃ yaṃ lokagarunā paṃsukūlaṃ, taṃ ko na dhāraye,</span> yasmā vā <span class="bld">lokagarunā paṃsukūlaṃ dhāritaṃ,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">ko taṃ na dhāraye</span>ti yojanā yaṃtaṃsaddānaṃ ekantasambandhibhāvato. <span class="bld">Paṭiññaṃ samanussara</span>nti upasampadamāḷe ‘‘āma bhante’’ti ācariyapamukhassa saṅghassa sammukhā dinnaṃ paṭiññaṃ samanussaranto.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti paṃsukūlikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Tecīvarikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Catutthakacīvara</span>nti <a name="M1.0093"></a> nivāsanapārupanayogyaṃ catutthakacīvaranti adhippāyo, aṃsakāsāvassa appaṭikkhipitabbato. <span class="bld">Aññataravacanenā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Yāva na sakkoti, yāva na labhati, yāva na sampajjatīti paccekaṃ <span class="bld">yāva</span>-saddo sambandhitabbo. <span class="bld">Na sampajjatī</span>ti na sijjhati. <span class="bld">Nikkhittapaccayā doso natthī</span>ti nicayasannidhidhutaṅgasaṃkilesadoso <a name="V1.0087"></a> natthi. <span class="bld">Āsanne</span>ti cīvarassa āsanne ṭhāne. Rajanakkhaṇe paribhuñjanakāsāvaṃ <span class="bld">rajanakāsāvaṃ. Tatraṭṭhakapaccattharaṇaṃ</span> nāma attano, parassa vā santakaṃ senāsane paccattharaṇavasena adhiṭṭhitaṃ. ‘‘Aṃsakāsāvaṃ parikkhāracoḷaṃ hoti, iti paccattharaṇaṃ, aṃsakāsāvanti imāni dvepi atirekacīvaraṭṭhāne ṭhitānipi dhutaṅgabhedaṃ na karontī’’ti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> vuttanti vadanti. <span class="bld">Pariharituṃ pana na vaṭṭatī</span>ti rajanakāle eva anuññātattā niccaparibhogavasena na vaṭṭati tecīvarikassa. <span class="bld">Aṃsakāsāva</span>nti khandhe ṭhapetabbakāsāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaparihārikenā</span>ti vātātapādiparissayato kāyassa pariharaṇamattena. <span class="bld">Samādāyevā</span>ti gahetvā eva. <span class="bld">Appasamārambhatā</span>ti appakiccatā. <span class="bld">Kappiye mattakāritāyā</span>ti nisīdanādivasena, parikkhāracoḷavasena ca bahūsu cīvaresu anuññātesupi ticīvaramatte ṭhitattā. Saha pattacaraṇāyāti <span class="bld">sapattacaraṇo. Pakkhī</span> sapakkhako.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti tecīvarikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Piṇḍapātikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. <span class="bld">Atirekalābha</span>nti ‘‘piṇḍiyālopabhojanaṃ nissāyā’’ti (mahāva. 73, 128) evaṃ vuttabhikkhāhāralābhato atirekalābhaṃ, saṅghabhattādinti attho. Sakalassa saṅghassa dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">saṅghabhattaṃ</span>. Katipaye bhikkhū uddisitvā dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">uddesabhattaṃ</span>. Ekasmiṃ pakkhe ekadivasaṃ dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">pakkhikaṃ</span>. Uposathe uposathe dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">uposathikaṃ</span>. Paṭipadadivase dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">pāṭipadikaṃ</span>. Vihāraṃ uddissa dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">vihārabhattaṃ</span>. Dhuragehe eva ṭhapetvā dātabbabhattaṃ <span class="bld">dhurabhattaṃ</span>. Gāmavāsīādīhi vārena dātabbabhattaṃ <a name="M1.0094"></a> <span class="bld">vārakabhattaṃ. ‘‘Saṅghabhattaṃ gaṇhathātiādinā’’</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena uddesabhattādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sādituṃ vaṭṭantī</span>ti bhikkhāpariyāyena vuttattā. Bhesajjādipaṭisaṃyuttā <span class="bld">nirāmisasalākā</span>. Yāvakālikavajjāti ca vadanti. <span class="bld">Vihāre pakkabhattampī</span>ti upāsakā idheva bhattaṃ pacitvā ‘‘sabbesaṃ ayyānaṃ dassāmā’’ti vihāreyeva bhattaṃ sampādenti, taṃ piṇḍapātikānampi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Āharitvā</span>ti pattaṃ gahetvā gehato ānetvā. <span class="bld">Taṃ divasaṃ nisīditvā</span>ti ‘‘mā, bhante, piṇḍāya carittha, vihāreyeva bhikkhā ānīyatī’’ti vadantānaṃ sampaṭicchanena taṃ divasaṃ nisīditvā. <span class="bld">Serivihārasukha</span>nti aparāyattavihāritāsukhaṃ<a name="V1.0088"></a>. <span class="bld">Ariyavaṃso</span>ti <span class="bld">ariyavaṃsasutta</span>paṭisaṃyuttā (dī. ni. 3.309; a. ni. 4.28) dhammakathā. <span class="bld">Dhammarasa</span>nti dhammūpasañhitaṃ pāmojjādirasaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jaṅghabalaṃ nissāya piṇḍapariyesanato <span class="bld">kosajjanimmaddanatā</span>. ‘‘Yathāpi bhamaro puppha’’ntiādinā (dha. pa. 49; netti. 123) vuttavidhinā āhārapariyesanato <span class="bld">parisuddhājīvatā</span>. Niccaṃ antaragharaṃ pavisantasseva suppaṭicchannagamanādayo sekhiyadhammā sampajjantīti <span class="bld">sekhiyapaṭipattipūraṇaṃ</span>. Paṭiggahaṇe mattaññutāya, saṃsaṭṭhavihārābhāvato ca <span class="bld">aparapositā</span>. Kule kule appakaappakapiṇḍagahaṇena <span class="bld">parānuggahakiriyā</span>. Antimāya jīvikāya avaṭṭhānena <span class="bld">mānappahānaṃ</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘antamidaṃ, bhikkhave, jīvikānaṃ, yadidaṃ piṇḍolya’’ntiādi (itivu. 91; saṃ. ni. 3.80). Missakabhattena yāpanato <span class="bld">rasataṇhānivāraṇaṃ</span>. Nimantanāsampaṭicchanato gaṇabhojanādisikkhāpadehi <span class="bld">anāpattitā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appaṭihatavuttitāya catūsupi disāsu vattanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cātuddiso. Ājīvassa visujjhatī</span>ti ājīvo assa visujjhati. <span class="bld">Attabharassā</span>ti appānavajjasulabharūpehi paccayehi attano bharaṇato attabharassa. Tato eva ekavihāritāya saddhivihārikādīnampi aññesaṃ aposanato <span class="bld">anaññaposino</span>. Padadvayenāpi kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena vicaraṇato sallahukavuttitaṃ, subharataṃ, paramaappicchataṃ, santuṭṭhiñca dasseti. <span class="bld">Devāpi pihayanti tādino</span>ti tādisassa bhusaṃ ativiya santakāyavacīmanokammatāya upasantassa paramena satinepakkena samannāgamato sabbakālaṃ satimato piṇḍapātikassa bhikkhussa sakkādayo <a name="M1.0095"></a> devāpi pihayanti patthenti. Tassa sīlādiguṇesu bahumānaṃ uppādentā ādaraṃ janenti, pageva manussā. Sace so <span class="bld">lābhasakkārasilokasannissito</span> na hoti, tadabhikaṅkhī na hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti piṇḍapātikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sapadānacārikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. <span class="bld">Iminā</span>ti sapadānacārikena. <span class="bld">Kālatara</span>nti kālasseva. <span class="bld">Aphāsukaṭṭhāna</span>nti saparissayādivasena <a name="V1.0089"></a> duppavesanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Purato</span>ti vīthiyaṃ gacchantassa purato gharaṃ apaviṭṭhasseva. <span class="bld">Pattavissaṭṭhaṭṭhāna</span>nti pesakāravīthiyaṃ pesakārabhāvaṃ nimminitvā ṭhitassa sakkassa gharadvāre pattavissaṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ. Ukkaṭṭhapiṇḍapātiko taṃ divasaṃ na bhikkhaṃ āgamayamāno nisīdati, tasmā taṃ <span class="bld">anulometi</span>. Katthacipi kule nibaddhaṃ upasaṅkamanābhāvato paricayābhāvena <span class="bld">kulesu niccanavakatā</span>. Sabbattha alaggamānasatāya ca sommabhāvena ca <span class="bld">candūpamatā. Kulesu</span> pariggahacittābhāvena tattha <span class="bld">maccherappahānaṃ</span>. Hitesitāya vibhāgābhāvato <span class="bld">samānukampitā</span>. Kulānaṃ saṅgaṇhanasaṃsaṭṭhatādayo <span class="bld">kulūpakādīnavā. Avhānānabhinandanā</span>ti nimantanavasena avhānassa asampaṭicchanā. <span class="bld">Abhihārenā</span>ti bhikkhābhihārena. <span class="bld">Sericāra</span>nti yathāruci vicaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sapadānacārikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Ekāsanikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. <span class="bld">Nānāsanabhojana</span>nti anekasmiṃ āsane bhojanaṃ, ekanisajjāya eva abhuñjitvā visuṃ visuṃ nisajjāsu āhāraparibhoganti attho. <span class="bld">Patirūpa</span>nti yuttarūpaṃ anuṭṭhāpanīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī</span>ti vattaṃ kātuṃ yujjati. Vattaṃ nāma garuṭṭhānīye kattabbameva. Tattha pana paṭipajjanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ yaṃ theravādaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘āsanaṃ vā rakkheyya bhojanaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi. Tassattho – ekāsanikaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhuñjantaṃ āsanaṃ vā rakkheyya, dhutaṅgabhedato yāva bhojanapariyosānā na vuṭṭhātabbanti vuttaṃ hoti<a name="M1.0096"></a>. Bhojanaṃ vā rakkheyya dhutaṅgabhedato, abhuñjiyamānaṃ yāva bhuñjituṃ nārabhati, tāva vuṭṭhātabbanti attho. Yasmā tayidaṃ dvayaṃ idha natthi, tasmā vattakaraṇaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ na rakkhatīti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ayañcā’’</span>tiādi. ‘‘Bhesajjatthamevā’’ti iminā bhesajjaparibhogavaseneva sappiādīnipi vaṭṭantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Appābādhatā</span>ti arogatā. <span class="bld">Appātaṅkatā</span>ti akicchajīvitā sarīradukkhābhāvo. <span class="bld">Lahuṭṭhāna</span>nti kāyassa lahuparivattitā. <span class="bld">Bala</span>nti sarīrabalaṃ. <span class="bld">Phāsuvihāro</span>ti sukhavihāro. Sabbametaṃ bahukkhattuṃ bhuñjanapaccayā uppajjanavikārapaṭikkhepapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Rujā</span>ti rogā. <span class="bld">Na kammamattano</span>ti attano yogakammaṃ purebhattaṃ, pacchābhattañca na parihāpeti, bahuso bhojane abyāvaṭabhāvato, arogabhāvato cāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti ekāsanikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Pattapiṇḍikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para29"></a><span class="paranum">29</span>. <span class="bld">Appaṭikūlaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0090"></a> <span class="bld">katvā bhuñjituṃ vaṭṭati</span> paṭikūlassa bhuttassa agaṇhanampi siyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Pamāṇayuttameva gaṇhitabba</span>nti ‘‘ekabhājanameva gaṇhāmī’’ti bahuṃ gahetvā na chaḍḍetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānārasataṇhāvinodana</span>nti nānārasabhojane taṇhāya vinodanaṃ. Atra atra nānābhājane ṭhite nānārase icchā etassāti atriccho, tassa bhāvo atricchatā, tassā <span class="bld">atricchatāya pahānaṃ. Āhāre payojanamattadassitā</span>ti asambhinnanānārase gedhaṃ akatvā āhāre satthārā anuññātapayojanamattadassitā. Visuṃ visuṃ bhājanesu ṭhitāni byañjanāni gaṇhato tattha tattha sābhogatāya siyā vikkhittabhojitā, na tathā imassa ekapattagatasaññinoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avikkhittabhojitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Okkhittalocano</span>ti pattasaññitāya heṭṭhākhittacakkhu. <span class="bld">Paribhuñjeyyā</span>ti paribhuñjituṃ sakkuṇeyya.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti pattapiṇḍikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Khalupacchābhattikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Bhuñjantassa <a name="M1.0097"></a> yaṃ upanītaṃ, tassa paṭikkhepena taṃ atirittaṃ bhojananti <span class="bld">atirittabhojanaṃ. Puna bhojanaṃ kappiyaṃ kāretvā na bhuñjitabbaṃ,</span> tabbisayattā imassa dhutaṅgassa. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idamassa vidhāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Yasmiṃ bhojane</span>ti yasmiṃ bhuñjiyamāne bhojane. <span class="bld">Tadeva bhuñjati,</span> na aññaṃ. Anatirittabhojanapaccayā āpatti <span class="bld">anatirittabhojanāpatti,</span> tato dūrībhāvo anāpajjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Odarikattaṃ</span> ghasmarabhāvo kucchipūrakatā, tassa abhāvo ekapiṇḍenāpi yāpanato. <span class="bld">Nirāmisasannidhitā</span> nihitassa abhuñjanato. Puna pariyesanavasena <span class="bld">pariyesanāya khedaṃ na yāti</span>. Abhisallekhakānaṃ santosaguṇādīnaṃ vuddhiyā sañjananaṃ <span class="bld">santosaguṇādivuḍḍhisañjananaṃ. Ida</span>nti khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti khalupacchābhattikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Āraññikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Gāmantasenāsanaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0091"></a> <span class="bld">pahāya araññe aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpetabba</span>nti ettha gāmantaṃ, araññañca sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha saddhiṃ upacārenā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha gāmapariyāpannattā gāmantasenāsanassa <span class="bld">‘‘gāmoyeva gāmantasenāsana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Yo koci satthopi gāmo nāmāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Indakhīlā</span>ti ummārā. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti leḍḍupātassa. Vinayapariyāyena araññalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">adinnādānapārājike</span> (pārā. 92) āgataṃ. Tattha hi ‘‘gāmā vā araññā vā’’ti anavasesato avahāraṭṭhānapariggahe tadubhayaṃ asaṅkarato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā gāmañcā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Gāmūpacāro hi loke gāmasaṅkhameva gacchatīti. Nippariyāyato pana gāmavinimuttaṃ ṭhānaṃ araññameva hotīti <span class="bld">abhidhamme</span> (vibha. 529) gāmā <span class="bld">‘‘nikkhamitvā bahi indakhīlā, sabbametaṃ arañña’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suttantikapariyāyena</span> āraññakasikkhāpade (pārā. 654) ‘‘pañcadhanusatikaṃ pacchima’’nti āgataṃ āraññikaṃ bhikkhuṃ sandhāya. Na hi so vinayapariyāyike ‘‘araññe vasanato āraññiko pantasenāsano’’ti sutte vutto. Ayañca suttasaṃvaṇṇanāti idha sabbattha suttantakathāva <a name="M1.0098"></a> pamāṇaṃ. Tasmā tattha āgatameva lakkhaṇaṃ gahetabbanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ āropitena ācariyadhanunā’’</span>tiādinā minanavidhiṃ āha. Teneva hi majjhimaṭṭhakathānayova (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.296) <span class="bld">idamettha pamāṇa</span>nti ca vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato tato magga</span>nti tattha tattha khuddakamaggaṃ <span class="bld">pidahati. Dhutaṅgasuddhikena</span> dhutaṅgasodhanapasutena. <span class="bld">Yathāparicchinne kāle</span>ti ukkaṭṭhassa tayopi utū, majjhimassa dve, mudukassa eko utu. Tatthapi <span class="bld">dhutaṅgaṃ na bhijjati</span> saussāhattā. <span class="bld">Nipajjitvā gamissāmā</span>ti cittassa sithilabhāvena dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjatīti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Araññasaññaṃ manasi karonto</span>ti ‘‘ahaṃ vivekavāsaṃ vasissāmi, yathāladdhova kāyaviveko sātthako kātabbo’’ti manasikārasabbhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘bhabbo…pe… rakkhitu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Assa</span> āraññikassa <span class="bld">cittaṃ na vikkhipanti</span> āpāthamanupagamanato. <span class="bld">Vigatasantāso hoti</span> vivekaparicayato. <span class="bld">Jīvitanikantiṃ jahati</span> bahuparissaye araññe nivāseneva maraṇabhayassa dūrīkaraṇato. <span class="bld">Pavivekasukharasaṃ assādeti</span> anubhavati janasaṃsaggābhāvato. <span class="bld">Ārādhayanto</span>ti anunayanto. Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā vivekassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato āraññikaṅgayogino vāhanasadisanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avasesadhutāyudho’’</span>ti, avasiṭṭhadhutadhammāyudhoti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti āraññikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Rukkhamūlikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. <span class="bld">Channa</span>nti <a name="V1.0092"></a> iṭṭhakāchadanādīhi chāditaṃ, āvasathanti attho. <span class="bld">Sīmantarikarukkho</span>ti dvinnaṃ rājūnaṃ rajjasīmāya ṭhitarukkho. Tattha hi tesaṃ rājūnaṃ balakāyo upagantvā antarantarā yuddhaṃ kareyya, corāpi pāripanthikā samosarantā bhikkhussa sukhena nisīdituṃ na denti. <span class="bld">Cetiyarukkho</span> ‘‘devatādhiṭṭhito’’ti manussehi sammatarukkho pūjetuṃ upagatehi manussehi avivitto hoti. <span class="bld">Niyyāsarukkho</span> sajjarukkhādi. <span class="bld">Vaggulirukkho</span> vaggulinisevito. Sīmantarikarukkhādayo saparissayā, dullabhavivekā cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ime rukkhe vivajjetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṇṇasaṭa</span>nti <a name="M1.0099"></a> rukkhato patitapaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭicchanne ṭhāne nisīditabbaṃ</span> rukkhamūlikabhāvassa paṭicchādanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Channe</span> vāsakappanā dhammassavanādīnamatthāyapi hoti. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘jānitvā aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpitamatte’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiṇhaṃ tarupaṇṇavikāradassanenā</span>ti abhikkhaṇaṃ tarūsu, tarūnaṃ vā paṇṇesu vikārassa khaṇabhaṅgassa dassanena. <span class="bld">Senāsanamaccherakammārāmatāna</span>nti āvāsamacchariyanavakammaratabhāvānaṃ. <span class="bld">Devatāhī</span>ti rukkhadevatāhi. Tāpi hi rukkhaṭṭhavimānesu vasantiyo rukkhesu vasanti. Ayampi rukkheti <span class="bld">sahavāsitā. Vaṇṇito</span>ti ‘‘appāni cevā’’tiādinā pasaṃsito. ‘‘Rukkhamūlasenāsanaṃ nissāya pabbajjā’’ti (mahāva. 73, 128) evaṃ <span class="bld">nissayoti ca bhāsito. Abhirattāni</span> taruṇakāle, <span class="bld">nīlāni</span> majjhimakāle, <span class="bld">paṇḍūni</span> jiṇṇakāle. <span class="bld">Patitāni</span> milāyanavasena. Evaṃ <span class="bld">passanto tarupaṇṇāni</span> paccakkhato eva niccasaññaṃ <span class="bld">panūdati</span> pajahati, aniccasaññā evassa saṇṭhāti. Yasmā bhagavato jātibodhidhammacakkapavattanaparinibbānāni rukkhamūleyeva jātāni, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘buddhadāyajjaṃ rukkhamūla’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti rukkhamūlikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Abbhokāsikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. ‘‘Rukkhamūlaṃ paṭikkhipāmī’’ti ettake vutte channaṃ appaṭikkhittameva hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘channañca</span> <a name="V1.0093"></a> <span class="bld">rukkhamūlañca paṭikkhipāmī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Dhutaṅgassa sabbaso paṭiyogipaṭikkhepena hi samādānaṃ ijjhati, no aññathāti. ‘‘Dhammassavanāyā’’ti imināva dhammaṃ kathentenāpi uposathadivasādīsu suṇantānaṃ cittānurakkhaṇatthaṃ tehi yācitena channaṃ pavisituṃ vaṭṭati, dhammaṃ pana kathetvā abbhokāsova gantabbo. Rukkhamūlikassāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Uposathatthāyā</span>ti uposathakammāya. <span class="bld">Uddisantenā</span>ti paresaṃ uddesaṃ dentena. <span class="bld">Uddisāpentenā</span>ti sayaṃ uddesaṃ gaṇhantena. <span class="bld">Maggamajjhe ṭhitaṃ sāla</span>nti sīhaḷadīpe viya maggā anokkamma ujukameva pavisitabbasālaṃ. <span class="bld">Vegena gantuṃ na vaṭṭati</span> asāruppattā. <span class="bld">Yāva vassūparamā ṭhatvā gantabbaṃ,</span> na tāva dhutaṅgabhedo hotīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rukkhassa</span> <a name="M1.0100"></a> <span class="bld">anto</span> nāma rukkhamūlaṃ. Pabbatassa pana pabbhārasadiso <span class="bld">pabbata</span>padeso. <span class="bld">Acchannamariyāda</span>nti yathā vassodakaṃ anto na pavisati, evaṃ chadanasaṅkhepena upari akatamariyādaṃ. Anto pana pabbhārassa vassodakaṃ pavisati ce, abbhokāsasaṅkhepamevāti tattha pavisituṃ vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Sākhāmaṇḍapo</span>ti rukkhasākhāhi viraḷacchannamaṇḍapo. <span class="bld">Pīṭhapaṭo</span> khalitthaddhasāṭako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paviṭṭhakkhaṇe dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati</span> yathāvuttapabbhārādike ṭhapetvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Jānitvā</span>ti dhammassavanādiatthaṃ channaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pavisitvā nisinno ‘‘idāni aruṇo uṭṭhahatī’’ti jānitvā. Rukkhamūlepi katthaci attheva nivāsaphāsukatāti siyā tattha āsaṅgapubbako āvāsapalibodho, na pana abbhokāseti idheva <span class="bld">āvāsapalibodhupacchedo</span> ānisaṃso vutto. <span class="bld">Pasaṃsāyānurūpatāti aniketā</span>ti vuttapasaṃsāya anālayabhāvena anucchavikatā. <span class="bld">Nissaṅgatā</span>ti āvāsapariggahābhāveneva tattha nissaṅgatā. Asukadisāya vasanaṭṭhānaṃ natthi, tasmā tattha gantuṃ neva sakkāti edisassa parivitakkassa abhāvato <span class="bld">cātuddiso. Migabhūtenā</span>ti pariggahābhāvena migassa viya bhūtena. <span class="bld">Sito</span>ti nissito. <span class="bld">Vindatī</span>ti labhati.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti abbhokāsikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Sosānikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V1.0094"></a> <span class="bld">susāna</span>nti asusānaṃ. Aññattho <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro, susānalakkhaṇarahitaṃ vasanaṭṭhānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Na tatthā</span>ti ‘‘susāna’’nti vavatthapitamatte ṭhāne na <span class="bld">vasitabbaṃ</span>. Na hi nāmamattena susānalakkhaṇaṃ sijjhati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Jhāpitakālato pana paṭṭhāya…pe… susānameva</span> chavena sayitamattāya susānalakkhaṇappattito. Chavasayanaṃ hi ‘‘susāna’’nti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sosānikena nāma appakiccena sallahukavuttinā bhavitabbanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiṃ pana vasantenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti dupparihāraṃ. Tameva hi dupparihārabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">uppannaparissayavighātatthāyā</span>ti <a name="M1.0101"></a> ‘‘susānaṃ nāma manussarāhasseyyaka’’nti corā katakammāpi akatakammāpi osaranti, tattha coresu bhaṇḍasāmike disvā bhikkhusamīpe bhaṇḍaṃ chaḍḍetvā palātesu manussā bhikkhuṃ ‘‘coro’’ti gahetvā potheyyuṃ, tasmā vihāre <span class="bld">saṅghattheraṃ vā</span> gocaragāme raññā niyuttaṃ <span class="bld">rājayuttakaṃ vā</span> attano sosānikabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">jānāpetvā</span> yathā tādiso, añño vā parissayo na hoti, tathā <span class="bld">appamattena vasitabbaṃ</span>. Caṅkamantassa yadā āḷahanaṃ abhimukhaṃ na hoti, tadāpi saṃvegajananatthaṃ tattha diṭṭhi vissajjetabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘addhakkhikena āḷahanaṃ olokentenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppathamaggena gantabbaṃ</span> attano sosānikabhāvassa apākaṭabhāvatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇa</span>nti tasmiṃ susāne ‘‘ayaṃ vammiko, ayaṃ rukkho, ayaṃ khāṇuko’’tiādinā <span class="bld">divāyeva ārammaṇaṃ vavatthapetabbaṃ. Bhayānaka</span>nti bhayajanakaṃ vammikādiṃ. <span class="bld">Kenaci</span> leḍḍupāsāṇādinā āsanne vicarantīti <span class="bld">na paharitabbā. Tilapiṭṭhaṃ</span> vuccati palalaṃ. Māsamissaṃ bhattaṃ <span class="bld">māsabhattaṃ. Guḷādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tilasaṃguḷikādighanapūvañca saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Kulagehaṃ na pavisitabba</span>nti petadhūmena vāsitattā, pisācānubandhattā ca kulagehassa abbhantaraṃ na pavisitabbaṃ. Devasikaṃ chavaḍāho <span class="bld">dhuvaḍāho</span>. Matañātakānaṃ tattha gantvā devasikaṃ rodanaṃ <span class="bld">dhuvarodanaṃ. Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘jhāpitakālato pana paṭṭhāyā’’ti vuttanayena. ‘‘Pacchimayāme paṭikkamituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti icchitattā <span class="bld">‘‘susānaṃ agatadivase’’</span>ti <span class="bld">aṅguttarabhāṇakā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Susāne niccakālaṃ sivathikadassanena <span class="bld">maraṇassatipaṭilābho</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">appamādavihāritā</span><a name="V1.0095"></a>. Tattha chaḍḍitassa matakaḷevarassa dassanena <span class="bld">asubhanimittādhigamo</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">kāmarāgavinodanaṃ</span>. Bahulaṃ sarīrassa asuciduggandhajegucchabhāvasallakkhaṇato <span class="bld">abhiṇhaṃ kāyasabhāvadassanaṃ</span>. Tato maraṇassatipaṭilābhato ca <span class="bld">saṃvegabahulatā</span>. Byādhikānaṃ, jarājiṇṇānañca matānaṃ tattha dassanena <span class="bld">ārogya</span>yobbanajīvita<span class="bld">madappahānaṃ</span>. Khuddakassa, mahato ca bhayassa abhibhavanato <span class="bld">bhayabheravasahanatā</span>. Saṃviggassa yoniso padahanaṃ sambhavatīti <span class="bld">amanussānaṃ garubhāvanīyatā. Niddāgatampī</span>ti suttampi, supinantepīti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sosānikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Yathāsanthatikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. Senāsanagāhaṇe <a name="M1.0102"></a> pare uṭṭhāpetvā gahaṇaṃ, ‘‘idaṃ sundaraṃ, idaṃ na sundara’’nti paritulayitvā pucchanā, olokanā ca <span class="bld">senāsanaloluppaṃ. Tuṭṭhabba</span>nti tussitabbaṃ. Vihārassa pariyantabhāvena <span class="bld">dūre</span>ti vā bahūnaṃ sannipātaṭṭhānādīnaṃ <span class="bld">accāsanneti vā pucchituṃ na labhati,</span> pucchanenapissa dhutaṅgassa saṃkilissanato. <span class="bld">Oloketu</span>nti loluppavasena passituṃ. <span class="bld">Sacassa taṃ na ruccatī</span>ti assa yathāsanthatikassa taṃ yathāgāhitaṃ senāsanaṃ aphāsukabhāvena sace na ruccati, mudukassa asati roge yathāgāhitaṃ pahāya aññassa senāsanassa gahaṇaṃ loluppaṃ, majjhimassa gantvā olokanā, ukkaṭṭhassa pucchanā. Sabbesampi uṭṭhāpetvā gahaṇe vattabbameva natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upaṭṭhāpanīyānampi anuṭṭhāpanena <span class="bld">sabrahmacārīnaṃ hitesitā</span>. Tāya karuṇāvihārānuguṇatā. Sundarāsundaravibhāgākaraṇato <span class="bld">hīnapaṇītavikappapariccāgo</span>. Tena tādilakkhaṇānuguṇatā. Tato eva <span class="bld">anurodhavirodhappahānaṃ. Dvārapidahanaṃ</span> okāsādānato. <span class="bld">Yathāsanthatarāmata</span>nti yathāgāhite yathāniddiṭṭhe senāsane abhiratabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti yathāsanthatikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">13. Nesajjikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para36"></a><span class="paranum">36</span>. <span class="bld">Seyya</span>nti <a name="V1.0096"></a> iriyāpathalakkhaṇaṃ seyyaṃ. Tappaṭikkhepeneva hi tadatthā ‘‘mañco bhisī’’ti evamādikā (cūḷava. 321, 322) seyyā paṭikkhittā eva honti. ‘‘Nesajjiko’’ti ca sayanaṃ paṭikkhipitvā nisajjāya eva viharituṃ sīlamassāti imassa atthassa idha adhippetattā seyyā evettha paṭiyoginī, na itare tathā aniṭṭhattā, asambhavato ca. Kosajjapakkhiyo hi iriyāpatho idha paṭiyogibhāvena icchito, na itare. Na ca sakkā ṭhānagamanehi vinā nisajjāya eva yāpetuṃ tathā pavattetunti seyyāvettha paṭiyoginī. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tena panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Caṅkamitabbaṃ</span> na ‘‘nesajjiko aha’’nti sabbarattiṃ nisīditabbaṃ. Iriyāpathantarānuggahito hi kāyo manasikārakkhamo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cattāro <a name="M1.0103"></a> pādā, piṭṭhiapassayo cāti imehi pañcahi aṅgehi <span class="bld">pañcaṅgo</span>. Catūhi aṭṭanīhi, piṭṭhiapassayena ca pañcaṅgoti apare. <span class="bld">Ubhosu passesu</span> piṭṭhipasse ca yathāsukhaṃ apassāya viharato nesajjikassa ‘‘anesajjikato ko viseso’’ti gāhaṃ nivāretuṃ <span class="bld">abhayatthero</span> nidassito <span class="bld">‘‘thero anāgāmī hutvā parinibbāyī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Upacchedīyati etenāti <span class="bld">upacchedana</span>nti vinibandhupacchedassa sādhakatamabhāvo daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sabbakammaṭṭhānānuyogasappāyatā</span> alīnānuddhaccapakkhikattā nisajjāya. Tato eva <span class="bld">pāsādikairiyāpathatā. Vīriyārambhānukūlatā</span> vīriyasamatāyojanassa anucchavikatā. Tato eva <span class="bld">sammāpaṭipattiyā anubrūhanatā. Paṇidhāyā</span>ti ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Tanu</span>nti uparimakāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikampetī</span>ti cāleti, icchāvighātaṃ karotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vata</span>nti dhutaṅgaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti nesajjikaṅgakathāvaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dhutaṅgapakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. Sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">siyā kusalāni,</span> khīṇāsavānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">siyā abyākatāni</span><a name="V1.0097"></a>. Tattha sekkhaputhujjanā paṭipattipūraṇatthaṃ, khīṇāsavā phāsuvihāratthaṃ dhutaṅgāni pariharanti. <span class="bld">Akusalampi dhutaṅga</span>nti akusalacittenāpi dhutaṅgasevanā atthīti adhippāyo. Taṃ na yuttaṃ, yena akusalacittena pabbajitassa āraññikattaṃ, taṃ dhutaṅgaṃ nāma na hoti. Kasmā? Lakkhaṇābhāvato. Yaṃ hidaṃ kilesānaṃ dhunanato dhutassa puggalassa, ñāṇassa, cetanāya vā aṅgattaṃ, na taṃ akusaladhammesu sambhavati. Tasmā araññavāsādimattena āraññikādayo tāva hontu, āraññikaṅgādīni pana na hontīti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na maya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">imānī</span>ti dhutaṅgāni. <span class="bld">Vuttaṃ</span> heṭṭhā vacanatthaniddese. <span class="bld">Na ca akusalena koci dhuto nāma hoti,</span> kilesānaṃ dhunanaṭṭhenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yassa</span> bhikkhuno <span class="bld">etāni</span> samādānāni <span class="bld">aṅgāni,</span> etena paṭhamenāpi atthavikappena ‘‘natthi akusalaṃ dhutaṅga’’nti dasseti. <span class="bld">Na ca akusalaṃ kiñci dhunātī</span>ti akusalaṃ kiñci pāpaṃ na ca dhunāti eva appaṭipakkhato. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ</span> samādānānaṃ <span class="bld">taṃ</span> akusalaṃ ñāṇaṃ viya <a name="M1.0104"></a> aṅganti katvā tāni <span class="bld">dhutaṅgānīti vucceyyuṃ</span>. Iminā dutiyenāpi atthavikappena ‘‘natthi akusalaṃ dhutaṅga’’nti dasseti. <span class="bld">Nāpi akusala</span>ntiādi tatiyaatthavikappavasena yojanā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa nigamanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yesa</span>nti abhayagirivāsike sandhāyāha. Te hi dhutaṅgaṃ nāma paññattīti vadanti. Tathā sati tassa paramatthato avijjamānattā kilesānaṃ dhunanaṭṭhopi na siyā, samādātabbatā cāti tesaṃ vacanaṃ pāḷiyā virujjhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kusalattikavinimutta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā paññattipakkhe ete dosā dunnivārā, tasmā <span class="bld">taṃ</span> tesaṃ vacanaṃ <span class="bld">na gahetabbaṃ,</span> vuttanayo cetanāpakkhoyeva gahetabboti attho. Yasmā ete dhutaguṇā kusalattike paṭhamatatiyapadasaṅgahitā, tasmā siyā sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, siyā adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, siyā vipākadhammadhammā, siyā nevavipākanavipākadhammadhammā, siyā anupādinnupādāniyā, siyā asaṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkilesikāti evaṃ sesatikadukapadehipi nesaṃ yathārahaṃ saṅgaho vibhāvetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ sabbopi arahā dhutakileso, idha pana dhutaṅgasevanāmukhena kilese vidhunitvā ṭhito khīṇāsavo <span class="bld">‘‘dhutakileso puggalo’’</span>ti adhippeto. Tathā sabbopi ariyamaggo nippariyāyena <span class="bld">kilesadhunano dhammo,</span> visesato aggamaggo. Pariyāyena pana vipassanāñāṇādi. Heṭṭhimaparicchedena dhutaṅgacetanāsampayuttañāṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ dhutaṃ dassetvā dhutavāde dassetabbe yasmā dhutavādabhedena <a name="V1.0098"></a> dhuto viya dhutabhedena dhutavādopi duvidho, tasmā tesaṃ, tadubhayapaṭikkhepassa ca vasena catukkamettha sambhavatīti taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthi dhuto’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tayida</span>nti nipāto, tassa ‘‘so aya’’nti attho. <span class="bld">Dhutadhammā nāmā</span>ti dhutaṅgasevanāya paṭipakkhabhūtānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ dhunanavasena pavattiyā ‘‘dhuto’’ti laddhanāmāya dhutaṅgacetanāya upakārakā dhammāti katvā dhutadhammā nāma. Asampattasampattesu paccayesu alubbhanākārena pavattanato <span class="bld">appicchatā santuṭṭhitā</span> ca atthato alobho. Paccayagedhādihetukānaṃ lolatādīnaṃ saṃkilesānaṃ sammadeva likhanato <a name="M1.0105"></a> chedanato gaṇasaṅgaṇikādibhedato saṃsaggato cittassa vivecanato <span class="bld">sallekhatā pavivekatā</span> ca alobho amohoti imesu <span class="bld">dvīsu dhammesu anupatanti</span> tadantogadhā tappariyāpannā honti, tadubhayasseva pavattivisesabhāvato. Imehi kusaladhammehi atthī idamatthī, yena ñāṇena pabbajitena nāma paṃsukūlikaṅgādīsu patiṭṭhitena bhavitabbanti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ dhutaguṇe samādiyati ceva pariharati ca, taṃ ñāṇaṃ idamatthitā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idamatthitā ñāṇamevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭikkhepavatthūsū</span>ti gahapaticīvarādīsu tehi tehi dhutaṅgehi paṭikkhipitabbavatthūsu. <span class="bld">Lobha</span>nti taṇhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesveva vā</span>ti paṭikkhepavatthūsu eva. <span class="bld">Ādīnavapaṭicchādaka</span>nti ārakkhadukkhaparādhīnavutticorabhayādiādīnavapaṭicchādakaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuññātāna</span>nti satthārā nicchandarāgaparibhogavasena anuññātānaṃ sukhasamphassaattharaṇapāvuraṇādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisevanamukhenā</span>ti paṭisevanadvārena, tena lesenāti attho. <span class="bld">Atisallekhamukhenā</span>ti ativiya sallekhapaṭipattimukhena, ukkaṭṭhassa vattanakānampi paṭikkhipanavasenāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sukhumakaraṇasannissayo rāgo dukkhāya paṭipattiyā patiṭṭhaṃ na labhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhāpaṭipadañca nissāya rāgo vūpasammatī’’</span>ti. Sallekho nāma sampajānassa hoti, satisampajaññe moho apatiṭṭhova appamādasambhavatoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sallekhaṃ nissāya appamattassa moho pahīyatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu dhutaṅgesu. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti araññarukkhamūlesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīsaṅgānī</span>ti sīsabhūtāni aṅgāni, paresampi kesañci nānantarikatāya, sukaratāya ca saṅgaṇhanato uttamaṅgānīti attho. <span class="bld">Asambhinnaṅgānī</span>ti kehici sambhedarahitāni, visuṃyeva aṅgānīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ vaḍḍhati</span> rāgacaritassa mohacaritassa dosacaritassāpi, taṃ ekaccaṃ <a name="V1.0099"></a> <span class="bld">dhutaṅgaṃ sevantassā</span>ti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Hāyati</span> kammaṭṭhānaṃ sukumārabhāvenalūkhapaṭipattiṃ asahantassa. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhateva</span> mahāpurisajātikassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Na vaḍḍhati</span> kammaṭṭhānaṃ upanissayarahitassa. <span class="bld">Ekameva hi dhutaṅgaṃ</span> yathā kilesadhunanaṭṭhena, evaṃ cetanāsabhāvattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samādānacetanā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Terasāpi <a name="M1.0106"></a> dhutaṅgāni samādāya pariharantānaṃ puggalānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">‘‘dvācattālīsa hontī’’</span>ti vatvā bhikkhūnaṃ terasannampi pariharaṇassa ekajjhaṃyeva sambhavaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘ekappahārena sabbadhutaṅgāni paribhuñjituṃ sakkotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ abbhokāse viharantassa rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ? ‘‘Channaṃ paṭikkhipāmi, rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ samādiyāmī’’ti (visuddhi. 1.32) vacanato channe aruṇaṃ uṭṭhāpitamatte dhutaṅgaṃ bhijjati, na abbhokāse, tasmā bhedahetuno abhāvena tampi arogameva. Tathā senāsanaloluppassa abhāvena yathāsanthatikaṅganti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Āraññikaṅgaṃ</span> gaṇamhā <span class="bld">ohīyanasikkhāpadena</span> (pāci. 691-692) paṭikkhittaṃ, <span class="bld">khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ</span> anatirittabhojanasikkhāpadena (pāci. 238-240). Pavāritāya hi bhikkhuniyā atirittaṃ katvā bhuñjituṃ na labbhati. Kappiye ca vatthusmiṃ lolatāpahānāya dhutaṅgasamādānaṃ, na akappiye, sikkhāpadeneva paṭikkhittattā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭheva honti</span> bhikkhuniyā saṃkaccikacīvarādīhi saddhiṃ pañcapi ticīvarasaṅkhameva gacchantīti katvā. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttesū</span>ti bhikkhūnaṃ vuttesu terasasu ticīvarādhiṭṭhānavinayakammābhāvato <span class="bld">ṭhapetvā tecīvarikaṅgaṃ dvādasa sāmaṇerānaṃ. Sattā</span>ti bhikkhunīnaṃ vuttesu aṭṭhasu ekaṃ pahāya satta ticīvarādhiṭṭhānavinayakammābhāvato. ‘‘Ṭhapetvā tecīvarikaṅga’’nti hi imaṃ anuvattamānameva katvā <span class="bld">‘‘satta sikkhamānasāmaṇerīna’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Patirūpānī</span>ti upāsakabhāvassa anucchavikāni.</p>
<p class="centered">Dhutaṅganiddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti dutiyaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">3. Kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. <span class="bld">Appicchatādīhī</span>ti <a name="M1.0107"></a><a name="V1.0100"></a> appicchatāsantuṭṭhisallekhapavivekāpacayavīriyārambhādīhi. <span class="bld">Pariyodāte</span>ti suvisuddhe nirupakkilese. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ sīle</span>ti yathāvutte catupārisuddhisīle. ‘‘Cittaṃ bhāvaya’’nti imameva desanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘atisaṅkhepadesitattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ko samādhī</span>ti sarūpapucchā. <span class="bld">Kenaṭṭhena samādhī</span>ti kena atthena samādhīti vuccati, ‘‘samādhī’’ti padaṃ kaṃ abhidheyyatthaṃ nissāya pavattanti attho. <span class="bld">Katividho</span>ti pabhedapucchā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Ko samādhī’’ti kāmañcāyaṃ sarūpapucchā, vibhāgavantānaṃ pana sarūpavibhāvanaṃ vibhāgadassanamukheneva hotīti vibhāgo tāva anavasesato dassetabbo. Taṃdassane ca ayamādīnavoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samādhi bahuvidho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bahuvidho</span>ti kusalādivasena anekavidho. <span class="bld">Nānappakārako</span>ti ālambanamanasikārachandapaṇidhiadhimokkhaabhinīhārasaññānānattādinānappakāro. <span class="bld">Na sādheyyā</span>ti lokiyasamādhissa bhāvanā idha adhippetattho, tañca na sādheyya. Jhānavimokkhādīsu hi samādhiṃ uddharitvā tassa labbhamānehi vibhāgehi vissajjane kariyamāne <span class="bld">jhānavibhaṅgādīsu</span> (vibha. 508 ādayo) āgato sabbo samādhipabhedo vissajjetabbo siyā. Tathā ca sati yvāyaṃ lokiyasamādhissa bhāvanāvidhi adhippeto, tassa vissajjanāya okāsova na bhaveyya. Kiñca yenassa tikacatukkajhānikena hīnādibhedabhinnena pavattivibhāgena brahmapārisajjādivasena navavidho, pañcamajjhānikena vehapphalādivasena dasavidho vā ekādasavidho vā bhavappabhedo nippajjati. Svāssa pavattivibhāgo ayaṃ soti niddhāretvā vuccamāno vikkhepāya siyā, yathā taṃ avisaye. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uttari ca vikkhepāya saṃvatteyyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kusalacittekaggatā</span>ti <span class="bld">kusalā</span> anavajjasukhavipākalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">cittekaggatā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Cittacetasikānaṃ samaṃ avisāravasena sampiṇḍentassa viya ādhānaṃ <span class="bld">samādhānaṃ</span>. Avisāralakkhaṇo <a name="V1.0101"></a> hi samādhi, sampiṇḍanaraso ca. Sammā avikkhipanavasena ādhānaṃ samādhānaṃ. Avikkhepalakkhaṇo vā hi <a name="M1.0108"></a> samādhi, vikkhepaviddhaṃsanaraso cāti. Svāyaṃ yasmā ekārammaṇe cittassa ṭhitihetu, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapananti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha. Tathā hesa ‘‘cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhitī’’ti (dha. sa. 15) niddiṭṭho. Ekārammaṇaggahaṇañcettha samādhissa santānaṭṭhitibhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tathā hissa <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> dīpacciṭṭhiti nidassitā. <span class="bld">Ānubhāvenā</span>ti balena, paccayabhāvenāti attho. <span class="bld">Avikkhipamānā</span>ti na vikkhipamānā vūpasamamānā. Upasamapaccupaṭṭhāno hi samādhi. Etenassa vikkhepapaṭipakkhataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Avippakiṇṇā</span>ti avisaṭā. Etena avisāralakkhaṇataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sayaṃ na vikkhipati, sampayuttā vā na vikkhipanti etenāti avikkhepo, so lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">avikkhepalakkhaṇo</span>. Vikkhepaṃ viddhaṃseti, tathā vā sampajjatīti <span class="bld">vikkhepaviddhaṃsanaraso</span>. Uddhacce avikampanavasena paccupatiṭṭhati, sampayuttānaṃ vā taṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">avikampanapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sukha</span>nti nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. Avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ nāma samādhissa āveṇiko sabhāvo, na tenassa koci vibhāgo labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avikkhepalakkhaṇena tāva ekavidho’’</span>ti. Sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇe appento viya pavattatīti vitakko <span class="bld">appanā</span>. Tathā hi so ‘‘appanā byappanā’’ti (dha. sa. 7) niddiṭṭho. Tappamukhatāvasena pana sabbasmiṃ mahaggatānuttare jhānadhamme ‘‘appanā’’ti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathā</span>vohāro. Tathā tassa anuppattiṭṭhānabhūte parittajhāne upacāravohāro. Gāmādīnaṃ samīpaṭṭhāne gāmūpacārādisamaññā viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upacārappanāvasena duvidho’’</span>ti. Idha pana samādhivasena veditabbaṃ. Lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena lokoti vuccati vaṭṭaṃ, tappariyāpannatāya loke niyutto, tattha vā viditoti <span class="bld">lokiyo</span>. Tattha apariyāpannatāya lokato uttaro uttiṇṇoti <span class="bld">lokuttaro</span>. Kāmañcettha lokiyasamādhi bhāvetabbabhāvena gayhati, ubhayaṃ pana ekajjhaṃ gahetvā tato itaraṃ niddhāretuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lokiyalokuttaravasena duvidho’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sappītikanippītikavasenā</span>ti saha pītiyā vattatīti sappītiko, pītisampayutto. Natthi etassa pītīti nippītiko, pītivippayutto. Tesaṃ vasena. Sukhena saha ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gatoti <span class="bld">sukhasahagato</span><a name="M1.0109"></a>, sukhasampayuttoti attho. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsahagate</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti cettha adukkhamasukhavedanā adhippetā. Sā hi sukhadukkhākārapavattiṃ upekkhati majjhattākārasaṇṭhitattā. Sukhasahagata-padena <a name="V1.0102"></a> cettha sappītiko, nippītikekadeso ca saṅgahito, upekkhāsahagata-padena pana nippītikekadesovāti ayametesaṃ padānaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabhāvato, paccayato, phalato ca majjhimapaṇītehi nihīno, tesaṃ vā guṇehi parihīnoti <span class="bld">hīno,</span> attano paccayehi padhānabhāvaṃ nīto <span class="bld">paṇīto,</span> ubhinnaṃ majjhe bhavo <span class="bld">majjhimo</span>. Sampayogavasena pavattamānena saha vitakkena savitakko, saha vicārena savicāro, savitakko ca so savicāro cāti <span class="bld">savitakkasavicāro. Ādi</span>-saddena avitakkavicāramatto, avitakkāvicāro ca gahito. Tattha vicārato uttari vitakkena sampayogābhāvato avitakko ca so vicāramatto cāti <span class="bld">avitakkavicāramatto</span>. Visesanivattiattho vā <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddo. Savitakkasavicāro hi samādhi vitakkavisiṭṭhena vicārena savicāro, ayaṃ pana vicāramattena vitakkasaṅkhātavisesarahitena, tasmā avitakkavicāramatto. Atha vā bhāvanāya pahīnattā vitakkābhāvenāyaṃ vicāramatto, na vicārato aññassa attano sampayuttadhammassa kassaci abhāvāti dassetuṃ avitakka-vacanena vicāramatta-padaṃ visesetvā vuttaṃ. Ubhayarahito <span class="bld">avitakkāvicāro. Pītisahagatādivasenā</span>ti pītisahagatasukhasahagataupekkhāsahagatavasena. Yadettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ sukhasahagataduke vuttanayameva. Paṭipakkhehi samantato khaṇḍitattā <span class="bld">paritto</span>. Parittanti vā appamattakaṃ vuccati, ayampi appānubhāvatāya paritto viyāti <span class="bld">paritto</span>. Kilesavikkhambhanato, vipulaphalato, dīghasantānato ca mahantabhāvaṃ gato, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandādīhi gato paṭipannoti <span class="bld">mahaggato</span>. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasenāpi natthi etassa pamāṇakaradhammā, tesaṃ vā paṭipakkhoti <span class="bld">appamāṇo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭipajjati jhānaṃ etāyāti paṭipadā, pubbabhāgabhāvanā. Dukkhā kicchā paṭipadā etassāti <span class="bld">dukkhāpaṭipado</span>. Pakatipaññāya abhivisiṭṭhattā abhiññā nāma appanāvahā bhāvanāpaññā, dandhā mandā abhiññā etassāti <span class="bld">dandhābhiñño</span>. Dukkhāpaṭipado ca so dandhābhiñño cāti <span class="bld">dukkhāpaṭipadādandhābhiñño</span><a name="M1.0110"></a>, samādhi. Tadādivasena. <span class="bld">Catujhānaṅgavasenā</span>ti catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ aṅgabhāvavasena, catukkanayavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hānabhāgiyādivasenā</span>ti hānakoṭṭhāsikādivasena.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhiekakadukavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Channaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0103"></a> <span class="bld">anussatiṭṭhānāna</span>nti buddhānussatiādīnaṃ channaṃ anussatikammaṭṭhānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Imesaṃ vasenā</span>ti imesaṃ dasannaṃ kammaṭṭhānānaṃ vasena. ‘‘Pubbabhāge ekaggatā’’ti iminā appanāya upakārakanānāvajjanupacārassapi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo, na ekāvajjanasseva. <span class="bld">Appanāsamādhīna</span>nti upakattabbaupakārakasambandhe sāmivacanaṃ ‘‘purisassa attho’’tiādīsu viya. <span class="bld">Parikamma</span>nti gotrabhu. Aparitto samādhīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamassa jhānassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīsu bhūmīsū</span>ti kāmarūpārūpabhūmīsu. Kusalacittekaggatāya adhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggasampayuttā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Siyā sappītiko, siyā nippītiko</span>ti aniyamavacanaṃ upacārasamādhisāmaññena sabbesampi vā jhānānaṃ nānāvajjanavīthiyaṃ upacārasamādhi siyā sappītiko, siyā nippītiko. Ekāvajjanavīthiyaṃ pana ādito dukatikajjhānānaṃ upacārasamādhi sappītikova, itaresaṃ nippītikova, visabhāgavedanassa cittassa āsevanapaccayatābhāvato, ekavīthiyaṃ vedanāparivattanābhāvato ca. <span class="bld">Siyā sukhasahagato, siyā upekkhāsahagato</span>ti etthāpi vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tattha pana ‘‘dukatikajjhānāna’’nti vuttaṃ, idha ‘‘tikacatukkajjhānāna’’nti vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhitikavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭiladdhamatto</span>ti adhigatamatto anāsevito abahulīkato. So hi paridubbalabhāvena hīno hoti. <span class="bld">Nātisubhāvito</span>ti ativiya paguṇabhāvaṃ apāpito. <span class="bld">Subhāvito</span>ti suṭṭhu bhāvito sammadeva paguṇataṃ upanīto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vasippatto’’</span>ti. Chandādīnaṃ hīnatādivasenāpi imesaṃ hīnāditā veditabbā. Tathā hi uḷārapuññaphalakāmatāvasena pavattito <span class="bld">hīno,</span> lokiyābhiññāsampādanāya pavattito <span class="bld">majjhimo,</span> vivekakāmatāya ariyabhāve ṭhitena pavattito <span class="bld">paṇīto</span><a name="M1.0111"></a>. Attahitāya bhavasampattiatthaṃ pavattito vā <span class="bld">hīno,</span> kevalaṃ alobhajjhāsayena pavattito <span class="bld">majjhimo,</span> parahitāya pavattito <span class="bld">paṇīto</span>. Vaṭṭajjhāsayena vā pavattito <span class="bld">hīno,</span> vivekajjhāsayena pavattito <span class="bld">majjhimo,</span> vivaṭṭajjhāsayena lokuttarapādakatthaṃ pavattito <span class="bld">paṇīto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhiṃ upacārasamādhinā</span>ti sabbesampi jhānānaṃ upacārasamādhinā saha. <span class="bld">Vitakkamatteyeva ādīnavaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0104"></a> <span class="bld">disvā</span>ti vitakkeyeva oḷārikato upaṭṭhahante ‘‘cittassa khobhakaradhammo aya’’nti ādīnavaṃ disvā vicārañca santato manasi karitvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vicāre adisvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Taṃ sandhāyā</span>ti taṃ evaṃ paṭiladdhaṃ samādhiṃ sandhāya. <span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> ‘‘avitakkavicāramatto samādhī’’ti dutiyapadaṃ <span class="bld">vuttaṃ. Tīsū</span>ti ādito tīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tesvevā</span>ti tesu eva catukkapañcakanayesu. <span class="bld">Tatiye catutthe</span>ti catukkanaye tatiye, pañcakanaye catuttheti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avasāne</span>ti dvīsupi nayesu pariyosānajjhāne. Yathākkamaṃ catutthe, pañcame vā. <span class="bld">Pītisukhasahagato vā</span>ti etthāpi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Ettha ca satipi pītisahagatassāpi samādhissa sukhasahagatatte tīṇipi padāni asaṅkarato dassetuṃ nippītikasukhato sappītikasukhassa visesadassanatthaṃ satthu pītitikadesanāti nippītikasseva sukhassa vasena sukhasahagato samādhi gahitoti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upacārabhūmiya</span>nti upacārajjhānasampayuttacittuppāde. Cittuppādo hi sahajātadhammānaṃ uppattiṭṭhānatāya ‘‘bhūmī’’ti vuccati ‘‘sukhabhūmiyaṃ kāmāvacare’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 988) viya. <span class="bld">Paritto samādhi</span> kāmāvacarabhāvato.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhicatukkavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamasamannāhāro</span> bhāvanaṃ ārabhantassa ‘‘pathavī pathavī’’tiādinā kammaṭṭhāne paṭhamābhiniveso. <span class="bld">Tassa tassa jhānassa upacāra</span>nti nīvaraṇavitakkavicāranikantiādīnaṃ vūpasame thirabhūtaṃ kāmāvacarajjhānaṃ. ‘‘Yāva appanā’’ti iminā pubbabhāgapaññāya eva abhiññābhāvo vutto viya dissatīti vadanti<a name="M1.0112"></a>. Appanāpaññā pana <span class="bld">abhiññāva</span>. Yadaggena hi pubbabhāgapaññāya dandhasīghatā, tadaggena appanāpaññāyapīti. <span class="bld">Samudācāragahaṇatāyā</span>ti samudācārassa gahaṇabhāvena, pavattibāhullatoti attho. <span class="bld">Asukhāsevanā</span>ti kasirabhāvanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Palibodhupacchedādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena bhāvanāvidhānāparihāpanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Asappāyasevī</span>ti upacārādhigamato pubbe asappāyasevitāya <span class="bld">dukkhā paṭipadā</span>. Pacchā asappāyasevitāya <span class="bld">dandhā abhiññā hoti. Sappāyasevino</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge</span>ti upacārajjhānādhigamato <a name="V1.0105"></a> orabhāge. <span class="bld">Aparabhāge</span>ti tato uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa vomissakatā</span>ti yo pubbabhāge asappāyaṃ sevitvā aparabhāge sappāyasevī, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā. Itarassa sukhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā hoti. Evaṃ paṭhamacatutthānaṃ vomissakatāya dutiyatatiyāti attho. Akatapalibodhupacchedassa saparipanthatāya paṭipadā dukkhā hoti, itarassa sukhā. Asampāditaappanākosallassa ñāṇassa avisadatāya <span class="bld">dandhā abhiññā hoti,</span> visadatāya <span class="bld">khippā abhiññā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhāavijjāvasenā</span>ti taṇhāavijjānaṃ abhibhavānabhibhavavasena. <span class="bld">Samathavipassanādhikāravasenā</span>ti samathavipassanāsu asato, sato ca adhikārassa vasena. Taṇhāya samādhissa ujupaṭipakkhattā sā samathapaṭipadāya paripanthinīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhābhibhūtassa hi dukkhā paṭipadā hotī’’</span>ti. Abhibhavo cassā itarakilesehi adhikatāya <span class="bld">anabhibhūtassa</span> taṇhāyāti adhikārato veditabbaṃ. Tathā avijjā paññāya ujupaṭipakkhāti tadabhibhūtassa dandhābhiññatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Akatādhikāro</span>ti bhavantare akataparicayo yathā paguṇaṃ katvā vissaṭṭhagantho appamattakena payogena suppavatti vācuggatova hoti, evaṃ pubbe kataparicayassa bhāvanā appakasireneva ijjhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘katādhikārassa sukhā’’</span>ti. Svāyaṃ akato, kato ca adhikāro samathanissito paṭipadāyaṃ vutto samādhippadhānattā paṭipadāya. Vipassanānissito abhiññāyaṃ ñāṇappadhānattā appanāya. <span class="bld">Kilesindriyavasenā</span>ti tikkhātikkhānaṃ kilesindriyānaṃ vasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tibbakilesassā’’</span>tiādi<a name="M1.0113"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">kilesā</span> kāmacchandādayo, <span class="bld">indriyāni</span> saddhādīni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttā paṭipadābhiññā puggalādhiṭṭhānāti dhammaniddesampi puggalādhiṭṭhānamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo puggalo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaguṇo</span>ti na subhāvito vasībhāvaṃ apāpito. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ paritto</span>ti ayaṃ samādhi appānubhāvatāya paritto. <span class="bld">Avaḍḍhite</span>ti ekaṅguladvaṅgulamattampi na vaḍḍhite yathāupaṭṭhite ārammaṇe. Ekaṅgulamattampi hi vaḍḍhitaṃ appamāṇamevāti vadanti. ‘‘Paguṇo subhāvito’’ti vatvā ‘‘uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ sakkotī’’ti iminā yathā paguṇopi uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ asakkonto samādhi parittoyeva hoti, na appamāṇo, evaṃ ñāṇuttarassa ekāsaneneva uparijhānanibbattanenāti subhāvitopi uparijhānassa paccayabhāvasaṅkhātāya subhāvitakiccasiddhiyā <span class="bld">‘‘appamāṇo’’</span>tveva vuccati. Apare pana sace subhāvito paguṇo vasībhāvaṃ patto <a name="V1.0106"></a> uparijhānassa paccayo ahontopi appamāṇo eva, pamāṇakarānaṃ rāgādipaṭipakkhānaṃ suvidūrabhāvatoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Vuttalakkhaṇavomissatāyā</span>ti yo appaguṇo uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ na sakkoti, vaḍḍhite ārammaṇe pavatto, ayaṃ paritto appamāṇārammaṇo. Yo pana paguṇo uparijhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ sakkoti, avaḍḍhite ārammaṇe pavatto, ayaṃ appamāṇo parittārammaṇoti evaṃ paṭhamacatutthasamādhīnaṃ vuttalakkhaṇassa vomissakabhāvena dutiyatatiyasamādhisaṅgāhako vomissakanayo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato</span>ti tato paṭhamajjhānato uddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Virattapītika</span>nti atikkantapītikaṃ vā jigucchitapītikaṃ vā. Avayavo samudāyassa aṅganti vuccati, ‘‘senaṅgaṃ rathaṅga’’ntiādīsu viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ aṅgabhūtā cattāro samādhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hānaṃ bhajatīti <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyo,</span> hānabhāgo vā etassa atthīti <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyo,</span> parihānakoṭṭhāsikoti attho. Ālayassa apekkhāya apariccajanato ṭhitiṃ bhajatīti <span class="bld">ṭhitibhāgiyo</span>. Visesaṃ bhajatīti <span class="bld">visesabhāgiyo. Paccanīkasamudācāravasenā</span>ti tassa tassa <a name="M1.0114"></a> jhānassa paccanīkānaṃ nīvaraṇavitakkavicārādīnaṃ pavattivasena. <span class="bld">Tadanudhammatāyā</span>ti tadanurūpabhūtāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhānavasenā</span>ti saṇṭhahanavasena patiṭṭhānavasena. ‘‘Sā pana tadassādasaṅkhātā, tadassādasampayuttakkhandhasaṅkhātā vā micchāsatī’’ti <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 799) vuttaṃ. Tattha sāpekkhassa upari visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā avigatanikantikā taṃtaṃpariharaṇasatītipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Evañca katvā ‘‘satiyā vā nikantiyā vā’’ti vikappavacanañca yuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Visesādhigamavasenā</span>ti visesādhigamassa paccayabhāvavasena, visesaṃ vā adhigacchati etenāti visesādhigamo, tassa vasena. <span class="bld">Nibbidāsahagatasaññāmanasikārasamudācāravasenā</span>ti ādīnavadassanapubbaṅgamanibbindanañāṇasampayuttasaññāya ca ābhogassa ca pavattivasena. <span class="bld">Nibbedhabhāgiyatā</span>ti saccānaṃ nibbijjhanapakkhikatā vipassanāya saṃvattatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmasahagatā</span>ti kāmārammaṇā, kāmasaññāhi vā vokiṇṇā. <span class="bld">Avitakkasahagatā</span>ti ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho me avitakkaṃ jhānaṃ bhaveyyā’’ti evaṃ avitakkārammaṇā avitakkavisayā. Kāmañcāyaṃ ‘‘paṭhamassa jhānassā’’tiādiko pāṭho paññāvasena āgato, samādhissāpi panettha saṅgaho <a name="V1.0107"></a> atthevāti udāharaṇassa sātthakataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tāya pana paññāya sampayuttā samādhīpi cattāro hontī’’</span>ti tesaṃ vasena evaṃ vuttanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhāvanāmayassa samādhissa idhādhippetattā upacārekaggatā <span class="bld">‘‘kāmāvacaro samādhī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhipatiṃ karitvā</span>ti ‘‘chandavato ce samādhi hoti, mayhampi evaṃ hotī’’ti chandaṃ adhipatiṃ, chandaṃ dhuraṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Labhati samādhi</span>nti evaṃ yaṃ samādhiṃ labhati, <span class="bld">ayaṃ vuccati chandasamādhi,</span> chandādhipatisamādhīti attho. Evaṃ vīriyasamādhiādayopi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catukkabhede</span>ti catukkavasena samādhippabhedaniddese. Aññattha sampayogavasena vicārena saha vattamāno vitakko pañcakanaye dutiyajjhāne viyojitopi na suṭṭhu viyojitoti, tena saddhiṃyeva vicārasamatikkamaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkavicārātikkamena tatiya’’</span>nti. Dvidhā <a name="M1.0115"></a> bhinditvā catukkabhede vuttaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Pañcajhānaṅgavasenā</span>ti pañcannaṃ jhānānaṃ aṅgabhāvavasena samādhissa pañcavidhatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅge</span>ti ñāṇavibhaṅge. Tattha hi ‘‘jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattīnaṃ saṃkilesavodāna’’nti, ettha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃkilesa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">hānabhāgiyo dhammo</span>ti apaguṇehi paṭhamajjhānādīhi vuṭṭhitassa saññāmanasikārānaṃ kāmādianupakkhandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesabhāgiyo dhammo</span>ti paguṇehi paṭhamajjhānādīhi vuṭṭhitassa saññāmanasikārānaṃ dutiyajjhānādianupakkhandanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhi’’</span>ntiādi. Tassattho (vibha. aṭṭha. 828) – apaguṇassa paṭhamassa jhānassa lābhīnaṃ tato vuṭṭhitaṃ ārammaṇavasena kāmasahagatā hutvā <span class="bld">saññāmanasikārā samudācaranti</span> codenti tudanti, tassa kāmānupakkhandānaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ vasena sā paṭhamajjhānapaññā hāyati, tasmā <span class="bld">hānabhāginī paññā. Avitakkasahagatā</span>ti avitakkaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ santato paṇītato manasi karoto ārammaṇavasena <span class="bld">avitakkasahagatā samudācaranti</span> paguṇapaṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhitaṃ dutiyajjhānādhigamatthāya codenti tudanti, tassa dutiyajjhānānupakkhandānaṃ saññāmanasikārānaṃ vasena paṭhamajjhānapaññā visesabhūtassa dutiyajjhānassa uppattiyā padaṭṭhānatāya <span class="bld">visesabhāginī paññā</span>. Taṃsampayutto samādhi idhādhippeto. <span class="bld">Iminā nayenā</span>ti iminā paṭhamajjhāne vuttena vidhinā dutiyajjhānādīsupi hānabhāgiyadhammo, visesabhāgiyadhammo ca veditabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dasapalibodhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggasampayutto</span>ti <a name="V1.0108"></a> lokuttaraappamāṇaapariyāpannaggahaṇena lokiyehi asādhāraṇato, sappītikādiggahaṇena sādhāraṇato ca ariyamaggasampayutto <span class="bld">samādhi vutto. Bhāvito hoti</span> saññāya sampayuttattā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ariyamaggasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Visu</span>nti paññābhāvanāya visuṃ katvā <span class="bld">na vadāma</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kammaṭṭhānabhāvanaṃ <a name="M1.0116"></a> paribundheti uparodheti pavattituṃ na detīti <span class="bld">palibodho</span> ra-kārassa la-kāraṃ katvā, paripanthoti attho. <span class="bld">Upacchinditvā</span>ti samāpanena, saṅgahaṇena vā uparundhitvā, apalibodhaṃ katvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āvasanti etthāti <span class="bld">āvāso</span>. Paricchedavasena veṇiyati dissatīti pariveṇaṃ. Vihāre bhikkhūnaṃ taṃ taṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Svāyaṃ</span> āvāso. <span class="bld">Navakammādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena āvāsassa tadaññaṃ abhivuddhikāraṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Kāraṇenā</span>ti ‘‘chāyūdakasampannaṃ sulabhabhikkha’’ntiādinā kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Apekkhavā</span>ti sālayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ palibodhābhāve. <span class="bld">Pācīnakhaṇḍarāji</span>nti puratthimadisāyaṃ pabbatakhaṇḍānaṃ antare vanarājiṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Nāmā’’ti iminā tassa padesassa ayaṃ samaññāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Paṭisāmitamevā</span>ti niccakālaṃ paṭisāmetvāva vihārato nikkhamāmīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Dhātunidhānaṭṭhāna</span>nti kāyabandhanadhammakaraṇanhānasāṭikaakkhakadhātusaṅkhātānaṃ paribhogasarīradhātūnaṃ nidahitaṭṭhānaṃ. Īdisassa ayaṃ thero viya alaggacittassa. Etena ‘‘bhikkhunā nāma āvāse evarūpena bhavitabba’’nti ovādo dinno hoti. Ito paresupi vatthūsu eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kula</span>nti kulaggahaṇena kulamanussānaṃ gahaṇaṃ gāmaggahaṇena gāmavāsīnaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhākakulampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena pageva ñātikulanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Uddesattha</span>nti uddisāpanatthaṃ, pāṭhaṃ uddisāpetvā sajjhāyitunti attho. <span class="bld">Idhevā</span>ti imasmiṃyeva padese, yattha katthaci vihāreti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃ vihāra</span>nti taṃ koraṇḍakavihāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upagato</span>ti <a name="V1.0109"></a> vassaṃ upagato. <span class="bld">Sadā</span>ti gatakālato pabhuti visesato pavāritadivasato paṭṭhāya sabbadā divase divase. <span class="bld">Paridevamānā</span>ti taṃtaṃvilapanavasena vividhaṃ paridevantī. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ pavatti</span>nti attanā tattha diṭṭhakālato paṭṭhāya pacchā samāgamapariyosānaṃ daharassa sabbaṃ pavattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasakkhi</span>nti <a name="M1.0117"></a> ‘‘passa ima’’nti mukhapaṭiggāhakaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Rathavinītapaṭipada</span>nti dasakathāvatthukittanapubbikaṃ rathavinītūpamāhi vibhāvitaṃ <span class="bld">rathavinītasutte</span> (ma. ni. 1.252) āgataṃ sattavisuddhipaṭipadaṃ. <span class="bld">Nālakapaṭipada</span>nti ‘‘moneyyaṃ te upaññissa’’ntiādinā (su. ni. 706) satthārā <span class="bld">nālakattherassa</span> desitapaṭipadaṃ. <span class="bld">Tuvaṭakapaṭipada</span>nti ‘‘mūlaṃ papañcasaṅkhāyā’’tiādinā (su. ni. 922) bhagavatā desitapaṭipadaṃ. Tattha hi yathākkamaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Na munī gāmamāgamma, kulesu sahasā care;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ghāsesanaṃ chinnakatho, na vācaṃ payutaṃ bhaṇe’’. (su. ni. 716);</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Gāme ca nābhisajjeyya, lābhakamyā janaṃ na lapayeyyā’’ti. (su. ni. 935) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādikā paramappicchakathā āgatā. <span class="bld">Catupaccayasantosabhāvanārāmatādīpaka</span>nti cīvarādīsu catūsu paccayesu santosassa, bhāvanārāmatāya ca pakāsakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Labbhatīti <span class="bld">lābho</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cattāro paccayā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Mahāparivāre</span>ti vipulaparivāre. Piṇḍapātaṃ tāva dentā buddhapūjāpattacīvarādīni tassa parivārāni katvā denti, tathā cīvarādidānepi. <span class="bld">Bāhullikapiṇḍapātikā</span>ti piṇḍapātikā hutvā paccayabāhullikā. <span class="bld">Vadantī</span>ti purimadivase bhikkhāya āhiṇḍanakāle yathāsutaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Niccabyāvaṭo</span> upāsakādīnaṃ saṅgaṇhane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti gaṇassa. <span class="bld">So</span>ti gaṇapalibodho. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti idāni vuccamānākārena gaṇavācakassa pariyesanampi lahukameva icchitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yojanato paraṃ agantvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Attano kamma</span>nti samaṇadhammamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katākate</span>ti <a name="V1.0110"></a> kate ca akate ca kamme jānanavasena <span class="bld">ussukkaṃ āpajjitabbaṃ, katākate</span>ti vā appake ca mahante ca kate, yathā ‘‘phalāphale’’ti. Sace bahuṃ avasiṭṭhanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Bhārahārā</span> saṅghakiccapariṇāyakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbajjāpekkho</span>ti <a name="M1.0118"></a> sīhaḷadīpe kira kuladārakānaṃ pabbajjā āvāhavivāhasadisā, tasmā taṃ paricchinnadivasaṃ atikkametuṃ na sakkā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sace taṃ alabhanto na sakkoti adhivāsetu’’</span>ntiādinā samāpanena palibodhupacchedo vutto, byatirekato pana ‘‘sace taṃ alabhanto sakkoti adhivāsetuṃ, araññaṃ pavisitvā samaṇadhammova kātabbo’’ti ayamattho dassitoti saṅgahaṇena palibodhupacchedo veditabbo. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā upajjhāyo gilāno yāvajīvaṃ upaṭṭhātabbo, tathā upasampāditaantevāsiko attano kammavācaṃ vatvā upasampādito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo koci rogo</span>ti mūlabhūto, anubandho vā attano uppanno. <span class="bld">Anamatagge</span>ti anu anu amatagge anādimati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Gantho’’ti iminā ganthapalibodho idha vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pariyattiharaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sajjhāyādīhī</span>ti sajjhāyadhāraṇaparicayapucchādīhi. <span class="bld">Itarassā</span>ti abyāvaṭassa. Yassa ganthadhuraṃ vissajjetvā ṭhitassāpi gantho vattateva, na tassa gantho palibodho. Yathā tamhi tamhi vatthumhi āgatattherānaṃ, nāpi sabbena sabbaṃ aganthapasutassa. <span class="bld">Majjhimapaṇṇāsako āgacchati,</span> suttapadesānaṃ vārānañca sadisatāya byāmuyhanato. <span class="bld">Puna na olokessāmī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ganthadhuraṃ vissajjemīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gāmavāsikattherehī</span>ti anurādhapuravāsīhi. <span class="bld">Anuggahetvā</span>ti aggahetvā tattha paricayaṃ akatvā. <span class="bld">Pañcanikāyamaṇḍale</span>ti dīghāgamādike pañcapi nikāye sikkhitaparisāya. <span class="bld">Parivattessāmī</span>ti vaṇṇayissāmi. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇabheri</span>nti seṭṭhabheriṃ. <span class="bld">Katamācariyānaṃ uggaho</span>ti katamesaṃ ācariyānaṃ uggaho, kena parivattīyatīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Ācariyamaggo</span>ti ācariyānaṃ kathāmaggo. <span class="bld">Attano ācariyāna</span>nti attano kathetuṃ yuttānaṃ ācariyānaṃ. Suvinicchitā sabbā tipiṭakapariyatti <a name="V1.0111"></a> etasmiṃ atthīti <span class="bld">sabbapariyattiko,</span> tepiṭakoti attho. Pīṭhe nisinno tato otaritvā bhūmiyaṃ <span class="bld">taṭṭikāya nisīditvā. Gatakassā</span>ti paṭipattigamanena gatassa diṭṭhasaccassa. <span class="bld">Cīvaraṃ pārupitvā</span>ti ācariyassa apacitidassanatthaṃ <a name="M1.0119"></a> parimaṇḍalaṃ cīvaraṃ pārupitvā. Sāṭheyyābhāvato <span class="bld">uju</span>. Kāraṇākāraṇassa ājānanato <span class="bld">ājānīyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pothujjanikā</span>ti puthujjane bhavā. <span class="bld">Dupparihārā</span> bahuparissayatāya. Tathā hissā <span class="bld">uttānaseyyakadārako, taruṇasassa</span>ñca nidassitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanāya palibodho</span> samathayānikassa, na vipassanāyānikassa. Yebhuyyena hi jhānalābhī samathayānikova hoti vipassanāsukhato. <span class="bld">Itarenā</span>ti samathatthikena. <span class="bld">Avasesā</span> nava palibodhā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kammaṭṭhānadāyakavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. Kammaṭṭhāne niyutto kammaṭṭhāniko, bhāvanamanuyuñjanto. Tena <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhānikena. Paricchinditvā</span>ti ‘‘imasmiṃ vihāre sabbe bhikkhū’’ti evaṃ paricchinditvā. <span class="bld">Sahavāsīnaṃ</span> bhikkhūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Muducittata</span>nti attani muducittataṃ <span class="bld">janeti,</span> ayañca sahavāsīnaṃ cittamaddavajananādiattho ‘‘manussānaṃ piyo hotī’’tiādinayappavattena <span class="bld">mettānisaṃsasuttena</span> (a. ni. 11.15; paṭi. ma. 2.22; mi. pa. 4.4.6) dīpetabbo. <span class="bld">Anolīnavuttiko hoti</span> sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dibbānipi ārammaṇāni</span> pageva itarāni. <span class="bld">Sabbattha</span> sabbasmiṃ samaṇakaraṇīye, sabbasmiṃ vā kammaṭṭhānānuyoge. Pubbāsevanavasena <span class="bld">atthayitabbaṃ</span>. Yogassa bhāvanāya anuyuñjanaṃ yogānuyogo, tadeva karaṇīyaṭṭhena kammaṃ, tassa <span class="bld">yogānuyogakammassa ṭhānaṃ</span> nipphattihetu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niccaṃ pariharitabbattā</span>ti sabbatthakakammaṭṭhānaṃ viya ekadāva ananuyuñjitvā sabbakālaṃ pariharaṇīyattā anuyuñjitabbattā. <span class="bld">Evamādiguṇasamannāgata</span>nti piyabhāvādīhi guṇehi sampannaṃ. Kalyāṇamitto hi saddhāsampanno hoti sīlasampanno sutasampanno cāgasampanno vīriyasampanno satisampanno samādhisampanno paññāsampanno. Tattha saddhāsampattiyā saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ, kammaphalañca, tena sammāsambodhiyā hetubhūtaṃ sattesu hitesitaṃ na pariccajati. Sīlasampattiyā sattānaṃ piyo hoti garu bhāvanīyo codako pāpagarahī vattā vacanakkhamo, sutasampattiyā saccapaṭiccasamuppādādipaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ gambhīrānaṃ kathānaṃ kattā hoti, cāgasampattiyā appiccho hoti <a name="V1.0112"></a> santuṭṭho pavivitto asaṃsaṭṭho, vīriyasampattiyā āraddhavīriyo hoti attahitaparahitapaṭipattiyaṃ, satisampattiyā <a name="M1.0120"></a> upaṭṭhitassati hoti, samādhisampattiyā avikkhitto samāhitacitto, paññāsampattiyā aviparītaṃ pajānāti. So satiyā kusalākusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ gatiyo samannesamāno paññāya sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ yathābhūtaṃ jānitvā samādhinā tattha ekaggacitto hutvā vīriyena satte ahitaṃ nisedhetvā hite niyojeti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘piyo…pe… niyojakoti evamādiguṇasamannāgata’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ pana kalyāṇamittaṃ paramukkaṃsagataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mamaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kārakabhāvaṃ</span> yogakammassa. <span class="bld">Pakāseti</span> attānaṃ paṭipattiyā amoghabhāvadassanena samuttejanāya, sampahaṃsanāya ca, nanu kathesi paveṇipālanatthanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Evarūpo</span>ti pesalo hutvā bahussuto. <span class="bld">Tantidharo</span>ti suttadharo tattha kehicipi asaṃhīro. <span class="bld">Vaṃsānurakkhako</span>ti buddhānubuddhavaṃsassa anurakkhako. <span class="bld">Paveṇipālako</span>ti paveṇiyā ācariyuggahaṇassa anupālako. <span class="bld">Ācariyamatiko</span>ti ācariyamatiyaṃ niyutto tassā anativattanato. Na attanomatiṃ pakāseti kathetīti <span class="bld">na attanomatiko,</span> attano matiṃ paggayha vattā na hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Pubbe vuttakhīṇāsavādayo’’tiādi ekaccakhīṇāsavato bahussutova kammaṭṭhānadāne seyyoti dassanatthaṃ āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pubbe vuttakhīṇāsavādayo</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetukāmo’’tiādinā vuttakhīṇāsavādikā. <span class="bld">Uggahaparipucchānaṃ visodhitattā</span>ti uggahetabbato ‘‘uggaho’’ti laddhanāmāya kammaṭṭhānupakārāya pāḷiyā, tadatthaṃ paripucchanato ‘‘paripucchā’’ti laddhasamaññāya atthasaṃvaṇṇanāya ca visesato sodhitattā niggumbaṃ nijjaṭaṃ katvā gahitattā. <span class="bld">Ito cito ca suttañca kāraṇañca sallakkhetvā</span>ti pañcasupi nikāyesu ito cito ca tassa tassa kammaṭṭhānassa anurūpaṃ suttapadañceva suttānugataṃ yuttiñca suṭṭhu upalakkhetvā. <span class="bld">Sappāyāsappāyaṃ yojetvā</span>ti yassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ ācikkhati, tassa upakārānupakāraṃ yuttiṃ magganena yojetvā, samādāya vā sammadeva hadaye ṭhapetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Mahāmaggaṃ dassento</span>ti kammaṭṭhānavidhiṃ mahāmaggaṃ katvā dassento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti <a name="M1.0121"></a> tattha tattha vihāre. <span class="bld">Vattapaṭipattiṃ kurumānenā</span>ti paviṭṭhakāle āgantukavattaṃ, nikkhamanakāle gamikavattanti yathārahaṃ taṃ taṃ vattaṃ pūrentena. <span class="bld">Sabbapārihāriyatela</span>nti sabbesaṃ aṅgānaṃ<a name="V1.0113"></a>, sabbesaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ atthāya pariharitabbatelaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapemī</span>ti anujānāpanaṃ. Yaṃ taṃ sammāvattaṃ paññattanti sambandho. Ekadivasaṃ sāyaṃ vissajjitenāpīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ārocetabbaṃ āgamanakāraṇaṃ. Sappāyavelā</span> sarīracittānaṃ kallasamayo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cariyāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. Santāne rāgassa ussannabhāvena caraṇaṃ pavatti <span class="bld">rāgacariyā,</span> sā sassatāsayādayo viya daṭṭhabbā. Tathā <span class="bld">dosacariyā</span>dayo. Saṃsaggo sampayogārahavasena veditabbo, yathā ‘‘rāgamohacariyā dosamohacariyā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Sannipāto</span> ekasantatipariyāpannatāvasena, yathā ‘‘rāgadosacariyā rāgadosamohacariyā’’tiādi. Imā eva hi sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘aparāpi catasso’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā rāgādīnaṃ, tathā saddhādīnaṃ <span class="bld">saṃsaggasannipātavasena</span> saddhābuddhicariyā saddhāvitakkacariyā buddhivitakkacariyā saddhābuddhivitakkacariyāti. Imā aparāpi catasso. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti saṃsaggasannipātavasena. <span class="bld">Saṃsagga</span>nti saṃsajjanaṃ missīkaraṇaṃ ‘‘rāgasaddhācariyā dosasaddhācariyā’’tiādinā. <span class="bld">Anekā</span>ti tesaṭṭhi, tato atirekāpi vā, tā pana asammohantena <span class="bld">saṃyuttasuttaṭīkāyaṃ</span> vitthārato dassitāti tattha vuttanayena veditabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Pakatī’’</span>ti iminā asati paṭipakkhabhāvanāyaṃ tattha tattha santāne cariyāya sabhāvabhūtataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ussannatā</span> aññadhammehi rāgādīnaṃ adhikatā, yato rāgacariyādīnaṃ paccayasamavāye rāgādayo balavanto honti, abhiṇhañca pavattanti. <span class="bld">Tāsaṃ vasenā</span>ti channaṃ mūlacariyānaṃ vasena <span class="bld">chaḷeva puggalā honti</span>. Aññathā anekapuggalā siyuṃ, tathā ca sati adhippetatthasiddhi ca na siyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saddhā balavatī hoti</span> rāgussanne santāne tadanuguṇassa dhammassa niyogato adhikabhāvasambhavato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘rāgassa āsannaguṇattā’’</span>ti, sinehapariyesanāpariccajanehi sabhāgadhammattāti attho. Sabhāgo hi dūrepi āsanneyevāti sabhāgatālakkhaṇamidha āsannaggahaṇaṃ. Tattha saddhāya siniyhanaṃ pasādavasena akālussiyaṃ alūkhatā<a name="M1.0122"></a>, rāgassa pana rañjanavasena. Saddhāya pariyesanaṃ adhimuccanavasena tanninnatā, rāgassa taṇhāyanavasena. Saddhāya apariccajanaṃ okappanavasena anupakkhandanaṃ, rāgassa abhisaṅgavasenāti evaṃ bhinnasabhāvānampi <a name="V1.0114"></a> tesaṃ yathā alūkhatādisāmaññena sabhāgatā, evaṃ taṃsamaṅgīnampi puggalānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘rāgacaritassa saddhācarito sabhāgo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññā balavatī hoti</span> dosussanne santāne tadanuguṇassa dhammassa niyogato adhikabhāvasambhavato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dosassa āsannaguṇattā’’</span>ti, anallīyanapariyesanaparivajjanehi sabhāgadhammattāti attho. Tattha paññāya ārammaṇassa anallīyanaṃ tassa yathāsabhāvāvabodhavasena visaṃsaṭṭhatā, dosassa pana byāpajjanavasena. Paññāya pariyesanaṃ yathābhūtadosapavicayo, dosassa abhūtadosanijigīsā. Paññāya parivajjanaṃ nibbindanādivasena ñāṇutrāso, dosassa ahitādhānavasena chaḍḍananti evaṃ bhinnasabhāvānampi tesaṃ yathā anallīyanādisāmaññena sabhāgatā, evaṃ taṃsamaṅgīnampi puggalānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dosacaritassa buddhicarito sabhāgo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Antarāyakarā vitakkā</span>ti micchāvitakkā micchāsaṅkappā uppajjanti mohussanne santāne tadanuguṇassa dhammassa yebhuyyena pavattisabbhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mohassa āsannalakkhaṇattā’’</span>ti, anavaṭṭhānacañcalabhāvehi sabhāgadhammattāti attho. Tattha vitakkassa anavaṭṭhānaṃ parikappavasena savipphāratāya, mohassa sammūḷhatāvasena byākulatāya. Tathā vitakkassa lahuparivitakkanena tadaṅgacalatāya cañcalatā, mohassa anogāḷhatāyāti evaṃ bhinnasabhāvānampi tesaṃ yathā anavaṭṭhānādisāmaññena sabhāgatā, evaṃ taṃsamaṅgīnampi puggalānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘mohacaritassa vitakkacarito sabhāgo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhā rāgoyeva</span> sabhāvato, tasmā rāgacariyāvinimuttā taṇhācariyā natthīti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutto</span>ti tena rāgena sampayutto, dosādayo viya tena vippayutto natthīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti taṇhāmānadvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Nātivattatī</span>ti sabhāvato, sampayogavasena ca na atikkamitvā vaṭṭati. Kāmañcettha yathā rāgadosehi sampayogavasena saha <a name="M1.0123"></a> vattamānassapi mohassa ussannatāvasena visuṃ cariyābhāvo, na kevalaṃ mohasseva, tathā saddhābuddhivitakkānaṃ. Evaṃ rāgena satipi sampayoge mānassāpi visuṃ cariyābhāvo yutto siyā, evaṃ santepi rāgapaṭighamānadiṭṭhivicikicchāvijjānaṃ viya anusayaṭṭho imesaṃ rāgādīnaṃyeva āveṇiko cariyaṭṭhoti, nattheva mānacariyā. Yato cariyā ‘‘pakatī’’ti vuttā. Pakati ca sabhāvoti. Eteneva diṭṭhiyāpi visuṃ cariyābhāvābhāvo saṃvaṇṇitoti daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana mohacariyantogadhāva <a name="V1.0115"></a> diṭṭhicariyāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mohanidānattā cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena sampayogaṃ samuccinoti mohanidānattā, mohasampayuttattā cāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. <span class="bld">Kiṃ sappāya</span>nti kīdisaṃ senāsanādisappāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbāciṇṇaṃ</span> purimajātīsu ācaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekacce</span>ti <span class="bld">upatissattheraṃ</span> sandhāyāha. Tena hi <span class="bld">vimuttimagge</span> tathā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbe kirā</span>ti <span class="bld">kira</span>-saddo arucisūcanattho. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhappayogo</span> manāpakiriyā. <span class="bld">Subhakammabahulo</span> yebhuyyena sobhanakammakārī. Na sabbe rāgacaritā eva honti, aluddhānampi pubbe iṭṭhappayogasubhakammabahulatāsambhavato, saggā cavitvā idhūpapattisambhavato ca. Etena asati pubbahetuniyāme yathāvuttakāraṇamattena na tesaṃ luddhatā, luddhabhāvahetukā ca rāgacariyāti imamatthaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itare</span>ti chedanādikammabahulā nirayādito idhūpapannā ca na sabbe dosamohacaritā eva hontīti yojanā. Idhāpi yathāvuttakāraṇassa kodhanabhāve, mūḷhabhāve ca anekantikattā dosamohacaritatāyapi anekaṃsikatā veditabbā. Dhātūnaṃ ussadaniyamo yadi pamāṇato, so natthi, atha sāmatthiyato, sopi ekaṃsiko na upalabbhatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāvutteneva nayena ussadaniyamo nāma natthī’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">yathāvuttenevā</span>ti ‘‘dvinnaṃ pana dhātūna’’ntiādinā vuttappakāreneva. <span class="bld">Dosaniyame</span>ti semhādidosādhikatāya rāgādicarito hotīti dosavasena cariyāniyame ‘‘semhādhiko rāgacarito’’ti vatvā puna ‘‘semhādhiko mohacarito’’ti, ‘‘vātādhiko mohacarito’’ti vatvā puna ‘‘vātādhiko rāgacarito’’ti ca vuttattā <span class="bld">tampi</span> dosavasena niyamavacanaṃ <span class="bld">pubbāparaviruddhameva</span>. <span class="bld">Aparicchinnavacana</span>nti <a name="M1.0124"></a> paricchedakārikāya paññāya na paricchinditvā vuttavacanaṃ, anupaparikkhitavacananti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ussadakittane</span>ti vipākakathāyaṃ gahitaussadakittane. <span class="bld">Pubbahetuniyāmenā</span>ti purimabhave pavattalobhādihetuniyāmena. <span class="bld">Niyāmo</span>ti ca tesaṃyeva lobhādīnaṃ paṭiniyato lubbhanādisabhāvo daṭṭhabbo. Lobho ussado etesanti <span class="bld">lobhussadā,</span> ussannalobhā, lobhādhikāti attho. <span class="bld">Amohussadā cā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena ye ime lobhussadatādīnaṃ paccekaṃ vomissato ca cuddasa pabhedā icchitā, te anavasesato sampiṇḍeti yathāvuttesu chasveva tesaṃ antogadhattā. Phalabhūtā cettha lobhussadatādayo daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0116"></a> taṃ nesaṃ lobhussadatādīnaṃ paccekaṃ vomissakatādiṃ vibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yassa hī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammāyūhanakkhaṇe</span>ti kammakaraṇavelāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Lobho balavā</span>ti lobho tajjāya paccayasāmaggiyā sāmatthiyato adhiko hoti. <span class="bld">Alobho mando</span>ti tappaṭipakkho alobho dubbalo. Kathaṃ panete lobhālobhā aññamaññaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhūtā ekakkhaṇe pavattantīti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ ‘‘ekakkhaṇe pavattantī’’ti. Nikantikkhaṇaṃ pana āyūhanapakkhiyameva katvā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Eseva nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Pariyādātu</span>nti abhibhavituṃ <span class="bld">na sakkoti</span>. Yo hi ‘‘evaṃsundaraṃ evaṃvipulaṃ evaṃmahagghañca na sakkā dātu’’ntiādinā amuttacāgatādivasena pavattāya cetanāya sampayutto alobho, so sammadeva lobhaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti. Dosamohānaṃ anuppattiyā, tādisapaccayalābhena ca <span class="bld">adosāmohā balavanto. Tasmā</span>ti lobhādosāmohānaṃ balavabhāvato, alobhadosamohānañca dubbalabhāvatoti vuttameva kāraṇaṃ paccāmasati. <span class="bld">So</span>ti taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo. <span class="bld">Tena kammenā</span>ti tena lobhādiupanissayavatā kusalakammunā. <span class="bld">Sukhasīlo</span>ti sakhilo. Tamevatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘akkodhano’’</span>ti pariyāyena vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti pubbe vuttanayānusārena mandā alobhādosā lobhadose pariyādātuṃ na sakkonti, amoho pana balavā mohaṃ pariyādātuṃ sakkotīti evaṃ tattha tattha vāre yathārahaṃ atidesattho <a name="M1.0125"></a> veditabbo. <span class="bld">Duṭṭho</span>ti kodhano. <span class="bld">Dandho</span>ti mandapañño. <span class="bld">Sīlako</span>ti sukhasīlo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca lobhavasena, dosamohalobhadosalobhamohadosamohalobhadosamohavasenāti tayo ekakā, tayo dukā, eko tikoti lobhādiussadavasena akusalapakkheyeva satta vārā, tathā kusalapakkhe alobhādiussadavasenāti cuddasa vārā labbhanti. Tattha alobhadosāmohā, alobhādosamohā, alobhadosamohā balavantoti āgatehi kusalapakkhe tatiyadutiyapaṭhamavārehi dosussadamohussadadosamohussadavārā gahitā eva honti, tathā akusalapakkhe lobhādosamohā, lobhadosāmohā, lobhādosāmohā balavantoti āgatehi tatiyadutiyapaṭhamavārehi adosussadaamohussadaadosāmohussadavārā gahitā evāti akusalakusalapakkhesu tayo tayo vāre antogadhe katvā aṭṭheva vārā dassitā. Ye pana ubhayesaṃ missatāvasena lobhālobhussadavārādayo apare ekūnapaññāsa vārā dassetabbā, te alabbhanato eva na dassitā. Na hi ekasmiṃ santāne antarena avatthantaraṃ ‘‘lobho ca balavā, alobho cā’’tiādi yujjatīti, paṭipakkhavasena vā hi etesaṃ balavadubbalabhāvo, sahajātadhammavasena <a name="V1.0117"></a> vā. Tattha lobhassa tāva paṭipakkhavasena alobhena anadhibhūtatāya balavabhāvo, tathā dosamohānaṃ adosāmohehi. Alobhādīnaṃ pana lobhādiabhibhavanato, sabbesañca samānajātiyamabhibhuyya pavattivasena sahajātadhammato balavabhāvo. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> ‘‘lobho balavā alobho mando, adosāmohā balavanto dosamohā mandā’’ti. So ca nesaṃ mandabalavabhāvo purimūpanissayato tathā āsayassa paribhāvitatāya veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo luddhoti vutto</span>ti yo ussadakittane ‘‘luddho’’ti vutto, <span class="bld">ayaṃ</span> idha cariyāvicāre <span class="bld">‘‘rāgacarito’’</span>ti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhadandhā</span>ti ‘‘duṭṭho, dandho’’ti ca vuttā yathākkamaṃ <span class="bld">dosamohacaritā. Paññavā</span>ti sātisayaṃ sappañño. Yato saddhāvitakkesu vijjamānesupi <span class="bld">buddhicarito</span>ti vuccati. Alobhādosānaṃ <a name="M1.0126"></a> balavabhāvo saddhūpanissayatāya vinā na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aluddhaaduṭṭhā pasannapakatitāya saddhācaritā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayañca nayo sādhāraṇato vuttoti nibbattitapubbahetuniyāmavaseneva buddhicaritādikepi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">amohaparivārenā</span>ti amohaparikkhittena, upanissayato sampayogato ca paññāya abhisaṅkhatenāti attho. Sesapadattayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Lobhādinā vomissaparivārenā</span>ti ettha lobhamohādinā aññamaññaaviruddhavomissaparivārenāti attho. Avirodho ca yugaggāhavasena appavattiyā veditabbo. Tathā hi saddhānusāridhammānusārigottāni aññamaññampi bhinnasabhāvāneva. Ekaṃsena ca missakacariyāpi sampaṭicchitabbā pubbahetuniyāmena cariyāsiddhito. Tathā ceva ussadakittanaṃ pavattaṃ yathārahaṃ lobhālobhādīnaṃ vipākassa paccayabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.232) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Gatisampattiyā ñāṇasampayutte katamesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ hetūnaṃ paccayā upapatti hoti? Kusalakammassa javanakkhaṇe tayo hetū kusalā tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāya sahajātapaccayā honti, tena vuccati kusalamūlapaccayāpi saṅkhārā. Nikantikkhaṇe dve hetū akusalā tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāya sahajātapaccayā honti, tena vuccati akusalamūlapaccayāpi saṅkhārā. Paṭisandhikkhaṇe tayo hetū abyākatā tasmiṃ khaṇe jātacetanāya sahajātapaccayā honti, tena vuccati nāmarūpapaccayāpi viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayāpi nāmarūpa’’nti –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi<a name="V1.0118"></a>. Pubbahetuniyāmena ca yathā tihetukassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ, na tathā duhetukassa. Yathā ca duhetukassa itikattabbatā nepakkaṃ, na tathā ahetukassa. Evaṃ lobhussadādayo puggalā rāgacaritādayo hontīti niṭṭhamettha gantabbanti. Yathāvuttamatthaṃ nigamavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ lobhādīsū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para45"></a><span class="paranum">45</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="M1.0127"></a> tasmiṃ pucchāvacane. <span class="bld">Nayo</span>ti jānananayo. Puggalādhiṭṭhānena vuttopi attho dhammamukheneva paññāyatīti dhammādhiṭṭhānenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cariyāyo vibhāvaye’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pakatigamanenā</span>ti akittimena sabhāvagamanena. <span class="bld">Cāturiyenā</span>ti cāturabhāvena siṅgārena. <span class="bld">Ukkuṭika</span>nti asamphuṭṭhamajjhaṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇanto viyā</span>ti bhūmiṃ khaṇanto viya. <span class="bld">Anukaḍḍhita</span>nti pādanikkhepasamaye kaḍḍhanto viya pādaṃ nikkhipati. Tenassa padaṃ anukaḍḍhitaṃ pacchato añchitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Paribyākulāyā</span>ti parito āluḷitāya. <span class="bld">Chambhito viyā</span>ti vitthāyanto viya. Bhīto viyāti keci. <span class="bld">Sahasānupīḷita</span>nti aggapādena, paṇhiyā ca sahasāva sannirujjhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivaṭṭacchadassā</span>ti vinivaṭṭacchadanassa pahīnakilesassa. <span class="bld">Idamīdisaṃ pada</span>nti bhagavato padaṃ disvā vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pāsādika</span>nti pasādāvahaṃ. <span class="bld">Madhurākāra</span>nti iṭṭhākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Thaddhākāra</span>nti thambhitākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ataramāno</span>ti nataramāno, saṇikanti attho. <span class="bld">Samodhāyā</span>ti sammadeva odhāya avikkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Nipajjitvā</span>ti kāyapasāraṇalakkhaṇāya nipajjāya seyyāya nipajjitvā <span class="bld">sayati</span> niddāyati. <span class="bld">Pakkhittakāyo</span>ti avakkhittakāyo avaso viya sahasā patitakāyo. <span class="bld">Dussaṇṭhāna</span>nti virūpasannivesaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhittakāyo</span>ti ito cito ca khittaaṅgapaccaṅgo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samparivattaka</span>nti samparivattitvā. <span class="bld">Āloḷayamāno</span> vālikākacavarāni ākulayanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nipuṇamadhurasamasakkaccakārī</span>ti sukosallaṃ sundaraṃ avisamaṃ sābhisaṅkhārañca karaṇasīlo. <span class="bld">Gāḷhathaddhavisamakārī</span>ti thiraṃ asithilaṃ visamañca karaṇasīlo. <span class="bld">Aparicchinnaṃ</span> apariniṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mukhapūraka</span>nti mukhassa pūraṇaṃ mahantaṃ. <span class="bld">Arasapaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti narasapaṭisaṃvedī. <span class="bld">Bhājane chaḍḍento</span>ti bhojanabhājane sitthāni chaḍḍento. <span class="bld">Mukhaṃ makkhento</span>ti bahimukhaṃ makkhento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kilantarūpo</span> <a name="V1.0119"></a> <span class="bld">viyā</span>ti tassa asahanena khedappatto viya. <span class="bld">Aññāṇupekkhāyā</span>ti aññāṇabhūtāya upekkhāya. Aññāṇasaṅkhātāya upekkhāyāti keci.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Māyā</span>dīsu <a name="M1.0128"></a> santadosapaṭicchadanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Asantaguṇapakāsanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāṭheyyaṃ</span>. Unnatilakkhaṇo <span class="bld">māno</span>. Asantaguṇasambhāvanāmukhena paṭiggahaṇe amattaññutālakkhaṇā <span class="bld">pāpicchatā</span>. Santaguṇasambhāvanāmukhena paṭiggahaṇe amattaññutālakkhaṇā <span class="bld">mahicchatā</span>. Sakalābhena asantussanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">asantuṭṭhitā</span>. Vijjhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">siṅgaṃ,</span> siṅgāratānāgarikabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ kilesasiṅgaṃ. Attano sarīrassa, cīvarādiparikkhārassa ca maṇḍanavasena pavattaṃ loluppaṃ <span class="bld">cāpalyaṃ. Evamādayo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ahirikānottappamadappamādādayo saṅgayhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Parāparādhassa upanayhanalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">upanāho</span>. Paresaṃ guṇamakkhaṇalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">makkho</span>. Parassa guṇe ḍaṃsitvā apanento viya yugaggāhalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">paḷāso</span>. Parasampattiusūyanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">issā</span>. Attasampattinigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">macchariyaṃ</span>. Idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena dovacassatāpāpamittatādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anussāhanaṃ <span class="bld">thinaṃ</span>. Asattivighāto <span class="bld">middhaṃ</span>. Cetaso avūpasamo <span class="bld">uddhaccaṃ</span>. Vippaṭisāro <span class="bld">kukkuccaṃ</span>. Saṃsayo <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span>. Ayoniso daḷhaggāho <span class="bld">ādhānaggāhitā</span>. Yathāgahitassa micchāgāhassa dubbiveṭhiyatā <span class="bld">duppaṭinissaggiyatā</span>. Idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena muṭṭhasaccaasampajaññādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Muttacāgatā</span>ti vissaṭṭhacāgatā nissaṅgapariccāgo. Yathā māyādayo, tathā pavattā akusalakkhandhā, yathā <span class="bld">ariyānaṃ dassanakāmatā</span>dayo, tathā pavattā kusalakkhandhā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pasādanīyaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma vatthuttayaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvejanīyaṭṭhānāni</span> jātiādīni. <span class="bld">Kusalānuyoge</span>ti kusaladhammabhāvanāyaṃ. ‘‘Evañca evañca karissāmī’’ti kiccānaṃ rattibhāge parivitakkanaṃ <span class="bld">rattiṃ dhūmāyanā</span>. Tathāvitakkitānaṃ tesaṃ divasabhāge anuṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">divā pajjalanā. Hurāhuraṃ dhāvanā</span>ti ito cito ca tattha tattha ārammaṇe cittavosaggo. Tenevāha ‘‘idaṃ pure cittamacāri cārikaṃ, yenicchakaṃ <a name="V1.0120"></a> yatthakāmaṃ yathāsukha’’nti (dha. pa. 326), ‘‘cittamassa vidhāvatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.55) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammappavattidassanādi <a name="M1.0129"></a> ca pāḷiyaṃ, aṭṭhakathāyañca anāgatamevāti na sakkā vattunti <span class="bld">‘‘sabbākārenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kiñci kiñci āgatampi atthevāti hi adhippāyo. ‘‘Na sārato paccetabba’’nti vatvā tattha kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘rāgacaritassa hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Appamādavihārino</span>ti tattha vinidhāya bhāvaṃ paṭipajjanena appamādakārino. <span class="bld">Bhinnalakkhaṇā iriyāpathādayo</span>ti cāturiyena acāturiyena saṇikaṃ, sahasā ca gamanādayo. <span class="bld">Na upapajjantī</span>ti na yujjanti. <span class="bld">Pucchitvā jānitabba</span>nti dhammappavattiādiṃ pucchitvā jānitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. <span class="bld">Sappāyaṃ</span> hitaṃ, kilesavighātīti attho. <span class="bld">Adhotavedika</span>nti aparisuddhaparikkhepavedikaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūmaṭṭhaka</span>nti bhūmitaleyeva uṭṭhāpitaṃ uparimatalarahitaṃ. Ekato onatassa pabbatapādassa heṭṭhābhāgo akatabhittibhūmiparikammo <span class="bld">akatapabbhāro. Jatukābharita</span>nti adhomukhāhi olambamānamukhāhi khuddakavaggulīhi paripuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Oluggavilugga</span>nti chinnabhinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ujjaṅgalaṃ</span> lūkhadhūsaraṃ chāyūdakarahitaṃ. Sīhabyagghādibhayena <span class="bld">sāsaṅkaṃ. Durūpa</span>nti virūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇa</span>nti asundaravaṇṇaṃ, dussaṇṭhānaṃ vā. Jālākārena katapūvaṃ <span class="bld">jālapūvaṃ. Sāṇi viya kharasamphassa</span>nti sāṇiphalako viya dukkhasamphassaṃ. Bhārikabhāvena, antarantarā tunnakaraṇena ca <span class="bld">kicchapariharaṇaṃ. Āṇigaṇṭhikāhato</span>ti āṇinā, gaṇṭhiyā ca hatasobho. Idaṃ rāgacaritassa sappāyaṃ, evamassa kilesasamudācāro na hotīti adhippāyo. Eseva nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Disāmukha</span>nti disābhimukhaṃ, abbhokāsābhimukhanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Mahākasiṇa</span>nti mahantaṃ kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesaṃ</span> senāsanādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ mohacaritassa, taṃ dosacaritassa vuttasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkavidhāvanasseva paccayo hoti</span> yathā taṃ āyasmato <span class="bld">meghiyattherassa. Darīmukhe</span>ti pabbatavivare. <span class="bld">Paritta</span>nti suppasarāvamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pabhedaparicchedato nidānaparicchedato vibhāvanaparicchedato sappāyaparicchedatoti paccekaṃ <span class="bld">pariccheda</span>-saddo yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Vibhāvanā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ rāgacarito’’tiādinā jānanavibhāvanā. Ekaccakasiṇānussatiṭṭhānamattassa <a name="V1.0121"></a> pasaṅgena kathitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na ca tāva cariyānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ sabbākārena āvikata’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cattālīsakammaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkhātaniddesato</span>ti <a name="M1.0130"></a> saṅkhātānaṃ ‘‘cattālīsāyā’’ti saṅkhyāvasena gahitānaṃ uddiṭṭhānaṃ niddesato. ‘‘Ettha ettakāni upacārajjhānāvahāni, ettakāni appanājjhānāvahānī’’ti <span class="bld">upacārappanāvahato</span>. ‘‘Ettakāni ekajjhānikāni, ettakāni dukatikajjhānikāni, ettakāni sakalajjhānikānī’’ti <span class="bld">jhānappabhedato</span>. ‘‘Etesu aṅgasamatikkamo, etesu ārammaṇasamatikkamo’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">samatikkamato</span>. ‘‘Ettakānettha vaḍḍhetabbāni, ettakāni na vaḍḍhetabbānī’’ti <span class="bld">vaḍḍhanāvaḍḍhanato. Ārammaṇato</span>ti sabhāvadhammanimittanavattabbavasena, calitācalitavasena ca ārammaṇavibhāgato. <span class="bld">Bhūmito</span>ti kāmāvacarādibhūmivibhāgato. <span class="bld">Gahaṇato</span>ti diṭṭhādivasena gahaṇavibhāgato. <span class="bld">Paccayato</span>ti āruppādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ paccayabhāvato. <span class="bld">Cariyānukūlato</span>ti rāgacariyādīnaṃ anukūlabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānānī</span>ti ārammaṇabhāvena yogakammassa pavattiṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Catukkajjhānikā</span>ti catubbidharūpāvacarajjhānavanto, tesaṃ ārammaṇabhūtāti attho. Catukkanayavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tikacatukkajjhānikesū</span>ti tikajjhānikesu purimesu brahmavihāresu, catukkajjhānikesu ānāpānakasiṇesu. <span class="bld">Sesesū</span>ti vuttāvasesesu ekavīsatiyā kammaṭṭhānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dibbacakkhunā diṭṭhahadayarūpassa sattassa cittaṃ ādikammiko cetopariyañāṇena paricchindituṃ sakkoti, na itarassāti kasiṇapharaṇaṃ cetopariyañāṇassa paccayo hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘parasattānañca cetasā cittamaññātuṃ samattho hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Okāsena paricchinnattā</span>ti attano ṭhitokāsena paricchinnattā. Tathā uggahakosallassa sampāditattā paricchinnākāreneva tāni upatiṭṭhanti, tasmā na tattha vaḍḍhanāti adhippāyo. Sace pana koci vaḍḍheyya, na tena koci guṇoti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ānisaṃsābhāvā cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tesu panā’’</span>tiādinā tameva ānisaṃsābhāvaṃ vivarati. Yasmā vaḍḍhitesu kuṇaparāsiyeva vaḍḍhati, avaḍḍhitepi kāmarāgavikkhambhanā <a name="V1.0122"></a> hotiyeva, tasmā ānisaṃsābhāvo. <span class="bld">Vibhūtā</span>ti vipulārammaṇatāya supākaṭā, vaḍḍhitanimittatāya appamāṇārammaṇabhāvena paribyattāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kevala</span>nti <a name="M1.0131"></a> sakalaṃ anavasesaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Pathaviṃ ima’’</span>nti vacanaṃ upaṭṭhānākārena vuttaṃ, na nimittassa vaḍḍhanenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Lābhittā</span>ti sātisayaṃ lābhitāya, ukkaṃsagatavasibhāvatoti attho. Thero hi paramāya vasipattiyā assamaṇḍale assaṃ sārento viya yattha tattha nisinnopi ṭhitopi taṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjateva. Tenassa samantato nimittaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ viya upaṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabbadisāsū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttā</span>ti <span class="bld">dhammasaṅgahe</span> vuttā. <span class="bld">Mahante</span>ti vipule. Ninnathalādivasena hi ekadese aṭṭhatvā samantato gahaṇavasena sakalasarīre nimittaṃ gaṇhantassa taṃ mahantaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahante</span> vā sarīre. <span class="bld">Appake</span>ti sarīrassa ekadese <span class="bld">nimittaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti yojanā. <span class="bld">Appake</span> vā khuddake dārakasarīre. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti asubhanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti ‘‘asubharāsi eva vaḍḍhati, na ca koci ānisaṃso’’ti <span class="bld">vuttaṃ</span> ādīnavaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesānipi na vaḍḍhetabbānī</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ upapattito vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Picupiṇḍādivasena upaṭṭhahantampi nimittaṃ vātasaṅghātasannissayanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vātarāsiyeva vaḍḍhatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Okāsena paricchinna</span>nti nāsikaggamukhanimittādiokāsena saparicchedaṃ. Vāyokasiṇavaḍḍhane viya na ettha koci guṇo, kevalaṃ vātavaḍḍhanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sādīnavattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti brahmavihārānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti ārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Na ca tena attho atthī</span>ti tena sattarāsivaḍḍhanena pathavīkasiṇādivaḍḍhane viya kiñci payojanaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Pariggahavasenā</span>ti apariggahitassa bhāvanāvisayassa pariggahavasena, na nimittavaḍḍhanavasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekāvāsadviāvāsādinā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti brahmavihārabhāvanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Yadaya</span>nti yaṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ ayaṃ yogī. Sīmāsambhedeneva hettha upacārajjhānuppatti, na nimittuppattiyā. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ parittādiārammaṇatā jhānassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parittaappamāṇārammaṇatāpettha pariggahavasenā’’</span>ti, katipaye satte pariggahetvā pavattā mettādayo parittārammaṇā, bahuke appamāṇārammaṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Ākāsaṃ kasiṇugghāṭimattā</span> na vaḍḍhetabbanti yojanā. Vakkhati vā yaṃ tena sambandhitabbaṃ. Parikappajameva ārammaṇaṃ vaḍḍhetuṃ sakkā, na itaranti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi sakkā sabhāvadhammaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0123"></a> <span class="bld">vaḍḍhetu’’</span>nti<a name="M1.0132"></a>. Āruppānaṃ parittaappamāṇārammaṇatā parittakasiṇugghāṭimākāse, vipulakasiṇugghāṭimākāse ca pavattiyā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sesāni</span> buddhānussatiādīni dasa kammaṭṭhānāni. <span class="bld">Animittattā</span>ti paṭibhāganimittābhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭibhāganimittārammaṇānī</span>ti paṭibhāganimittabhūtāni ārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Sesāni</span> aṭṭhārasa. <span class="bld">Sesāni chā</span>ti cattāro brahmavihārā, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ, ākiñcaññāyatananti imāni sesāni cha. Vissandamānapubbatāya <span class="bld">vipubbakaṃ</span>. Paggharamānalohitatāya <span class="bld">lohitakaṃ</span>. Kimīnaṃ pacalanena <span class="bld">puḷuvakaṃ,</span> calitārammaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Vātapānavivarādīhi antopaviṭṭhassa sūriyālokādikassa calanākāro paññāyatīti <span class="bld">obhāsamaṇḍalārammaṇa</span>mpi calitārammaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge</span>ti paṭibhāganimittappavattiyā pubbabhāge. <span class="bld">Sannisinnamevā</span>ti santaṃ niccalameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devesū</span>ti kāmāvacaradevesu, tattha asubhānaṃ paṭikūlassa ca āhārassa abhāvato. Assāsapassāsānaṃ brahmaloke abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘ānāpānassati cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhenā</span>ti diṭṭhena vatthunā kāraṇabhūtena. <span class="bld">Gahetabbānī</span>ti uggahetabbāni, uppādetabbauggahanimittānīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbabhāge’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti kāyagatāsatiyā. Ucchusassādīnaṃ pattesu pacalamānavaṇṇaggahaṇamukhena vā tassa gahetabbattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vāyokasiṇaṃ diṭṭhaphuṭṭhenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na ādikammikena gahetabbānī</span>ti ādikammikena na gahetabbāni, bhāvanārambhavasena na paṭṭhapetabbāni, heṭṭhime tayo brahmavihāre, kasiṇesu rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānañca anadhigantvā sampādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imesu pana kammaṭṭhānesū</span>ti ettha kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇena yathārahaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ, jhānānañca gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhavihārassā</span>ti diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ekādasa kammaṭṭhānāni anukūlānī’’</span>ti ujuvipaccanīkavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sesesupi. Vakkhati hi ‘‘sabbañceta’’ntiādi. <span class="bld">Anukūlāni</span> rāgavikkhambhanassa upāyabhāvato. Aṭṭha anukūlānīti yojanā. Evaṃ sesesu. <span class="bld">Eka</span>nti idaṃ anussatiapekkhaṃ anussatīsu ekanti, na mohacaritavitakkacaritāpekkhaṃ tesaṃ aññassāpi anukūlassa alabbhanato<a name="V1.0124"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Saddhācaritassa</span> <a name="M1.0133"></a> <span class="bld">purimā cha anussatiyo’’</span>ti idaṃ atisappāyavasena vuttaṃ. Imasseva ujuvipaccanīkaṃ imassa atisappāyanti gahetabbassa visesassa abhāvato <span class="bld">sabbacaritānaṃ anukūlāni. Paritta</span>nti sarāvamattaṃ, <span class="bld">appamāṇa</span>nti tato adhikapamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Parittaṃ</span> vā suppasarāvamattaṃ, <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span> adhikapamāṇaṃ khalamaṇḍalādikasiṇabhāvena pariggahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cattāro dhammā</span>ti cattāro manasikaraṇīyā dhammā. <span class="bld">Uttarī</span>ti sīlasampadā, kalyāṇamittatā, sappāyadhammassavanaṃ, vīriyaṃ; paññāti imesu pañcasu dhammesu patiṭṭhānato upari. <span class="bld">Asubhā</span>ti asubhabhāvanā ekādasasu asubhakammaṭṭhānesu bhāvanānuyogā. <span class="bld">Mettā</span>ti anodhiso, odhiso vā pavattā mettābhāvanā. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatī</span>ti soḷasavatthukā ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanā. <span class="bld">Vitakkupacchedāyā</span>ti micchāvitakkānaṃ upacchindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Aniccasaññā</span>ti ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’ti (a. ni. 3.137; dha. pa. 277; mahāni. 27) evaṃ pavattā aniccānupassanā. <span class="bld">Asmimānasamugghātāyā</span>ti ‘‘asmī’’ti uppajjanakassa navavidhassāpi mānassa samucchindanāya. Ettha hi ekasseva cattāro dhammā bhāvetabbā vuttā, na ekassa catucariyatāya. Tena viññāyati ‘‘sabbānipi kammaṭṭhānāni sabbākusalavikkhambhanāni sabbakusalaparibrūhanānī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekasseva satta kammaṭṭhānāni vuttāni,</span> na cāyasmā rāhulo sabbacaritoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vacanamatte</span>ti ‘‘asukakammaṭṭhānaṃ asukacaritassa anukūla’’nti evaṃ vuttavacanamatte. <span class="bld">Adhippāyo</span>ti tathāvacanassa adhippāyo. So pana ‘‘sabbañceta’’ntiādinā vibhāvito eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. ‘‘Piyo garū’’tiādinā (a. ni. 7.37) vuttappakāraṃ <span class="bld">kalyāṇamittaṃ</span>. ‘‘Attano pattacīvaraṃ sayameva gahetvā’’tiādinā vuttanayena <span class="bld">upasaṅkamitvā. Somanassameva uppajjati</span> ‘‘evaṃ bahuparissayoyaṃ attabhāvo ṭhāneyeva mayā niyyātito’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atajjanīyo</span>ti na tajjetabbo na niggahetabbo. Svāyaṃ atajjanīyabhāvo dovacassatāya vā siyā, ācariye aniviṭṭhapematāya vāti tadubhayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dubbaco vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yo hi ācariyena tajjiyamāno kopañca dosañca apaccayañca pātukaroti, yo vā ‘‘kimassa <a name="M1.0134"></a><a name="V1.0125"></a> santike vāsenā’’ti pakkamati, ayaṃ duvidhopi atajjanīyo. <span class="bld">Dhammenā</span>ti ovādānusāsanidhammena. <span class="bld">Gūḷhaṃ gantha</span>nti kammaṭṭhānaganthaṃ, saccapaṭiccasamuppādādisahitaṃ gambhīraṃ suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttañca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tumhākamatthāyāti vutte</span>ti ‘‘sataporise papāte patanena tumhākaṃ koci attho hotī’’ti kenaci vutte. <span class="bld">Ghaṃsento</span>ti ‘‘manussakakkena tumhākaṃ koci attho’’ti vutte ghaṃsento <span class="bld">niravasesaṃ</span> attabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">khepetuṃ ussaheyyaṃ</span>. ‘‘Mama assāsapassāsanirundhanena tumhākaṃ koci rogavūpasamādiko attho atthī’’ti kenaci vutte. Tīhipi bhikkhūhi ācariye bhattipavedanamukhena vīriyārambho eva pavedito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. Aññattha pavattitvāpi cittaṃ āgamma yattha seti, so tassa āsayo ‘‘migāsayo’’ viya, āsayo eva <span class="bld">ajjhāsayo</span>. So duvidho vipanno, sampannoti. Tattha vipanno sassatādimicchābhinivesanissito. Sampanno duvidho vaṭṭanissito, vivaṭṭanissitoti. Tesu vivaṭṭanissito ajjhāsayo ‘‘sampannajjhāsayenā’’ti idhādhippeto. Idāni naṃ vibhāgena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘alobhādīnaṃ vasenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">chahākārehī</span>ti alubbhanādīhi chahi ākārehi. <span class="bld">Sampannajjhāsayenā</span>ti pubbabhāgiyānaṃ sīlasampadādīnaṃ sādhanavasena, lokuttarānaṃ upanissayabhāvena ca sampanno ajjhāsayo etassāti sampannajjhāsayo, tena. Alobhādayo hi anekadosavidhamanato, anekaguṇāvahato ca sattānaṃ bahukārā visesato yogino. Tathā hi alobhādayo maccheramalādīnaṃ paṭipakkhabhāvena pavattanti. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 1 mūlarāsīvaṇṇanā) –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobho maccheramalassa paṭipakkho, adoso dussīlyamalassa, amoho kusalesu dhammesu abhāvanāya. Alobho cettha dānahetu, adoso sīlahetu, amoho bhāvanāhetu. Tesu ca alobhena anadhikaṃ gaṇhāti luddhassa adhikaggahaṇato, adosena anūnaṃ duṭṭhassa ūnaggahaṇato, amohena aviparītaṃ mūḷhassa viparītaggahaṇato.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobhena <a name="M1.0135"></a> cettha vijjamānaṃ dosaṃ dosato dhārento dose pavattati, luddho hi dosaṃ paṭicchādeti. Adosena vijjamānaṃ guṇaṃ guṇato dhārento guṇe pavattati, duṭṭho hi guṇaṃ makkheti. Amohena yāthāvasabhāvaṃ yāthāvasabhāvato dhārento yāthāvasabhāve pavattati<a name="V1.0126"></a>, mūḷho hi tacchaṃ ‘ataccha’nti, atacchañca ‘taccha’nti gaṇhāti. Alobhena ca piyavippayogadukkhaṃ na hoti luddhassa piyasabbhāvato, piyavippayogāsahanato ca, adosena appiyasampayogadukkhaṃ na hoti duṭṭhassa appiyasabbhāvato, appiyasampayogāsahanato ca, amohena icchitālābhadukkhaṃ na hoti, amūḷhassa hi ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā’ti evamādipaccavekkhaṇasabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobhena cettha jātidukkhaṃ na hoti alobhassa taṇhāpaṭipakkhato, taṇhāmūlakattā ca jātidukkhassa, adosena jarādukkhaṃ na hoti tikkhadosassa khippaṃ jarāsambhavato, amohena maraṇadukkhaṃ na hoti, sammohamaraṇañhi dukkhaṃ, na ca taṃ amūḷhassa hoti. Alobhena ca gahaṭṭhānaṃ, amohena pabbajitānaṃ, adosena pana sabbesampi sukhasaṃvāsatā hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Visesato cettha alobhena pettivisaye upapatti na hoti, yebhuyyena hi sattā taṇhāya pettivisayaṃ upapajjanti, taṇhāya ca paṭipakkho alobho. Adosena niraye upapatti na hoti, dosena hi caṇḍajātitāya dosasadisaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti, dosassa ca paṭipakkho adoso. Amohena tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbatti na hoti, mohena hi niccasammūḷhaṃ tiracchānayoniṃ upapajjanti, mohapaṭipakkho ca amoho. Etesu ca alobho rāgavasena upagamanassa abhāvakaro, adoso dosavasena apagamanassa, amoho mohavasena amajjhattabhāvassa.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tīhipi <a name="M1.0136"></a> cetehi yathāpaṭipāṭiyā nekkhammasaññā abyāpādasaññā avihiṃsāsaññāti imā tisso, asubhasaññā appamāṇasaññā dhātusaññāti imā ca tisso saññāyo honti. Alobhena pana kāmasukhallikānuyogaantassa, adosena attakilamathānuyogaantassa parivajjanaṃ hoti, amohena majjhimāya paṭipattiyā paṭipajjanaṃ. Tathā alobhena abhijjhākāyaganthassa pabhedanaṃ hoti, adosena byāpādakāyaganthassa, amohena sesaganthadvayassa. Purimāni ca dve satipaṭṭhānāni purimānaṃ dvinnaṃ ānubhāvena, pacchimāni pacchimasseva ānubhāvena ijjhanti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobho <a name="V1.0127"></a> cettha ārogyassa paccayo hoti, aluddho hi lobhanīyampi asappāyaṃ na sevati, tena arogo hoti. Adoso yobbanassa, aduṭṭho hi valitapalitāvahena dosagginā aḍayhamāno dīgharattaṃ yuvā hoti. Amoho dīghāyukatāya, amūḷho hi hitāhitaṃ ñatvā ahitaṃ parivajjento, hitañca paṭisevamāno dīghāyuko hoti.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobho cettha bhogasampattiyā paccayo cāgena bhogapaṭilābhato, adoso mittasampattiyā mettāya mittānaṃ paṭilābhato, aparihānato ca, amoho attasampattiyā, amūḷho hi attano hitameva karonto attānaṃ sampādeti. Alobho ca dibbavihārassa paccayo hoti, adoso brahmavihārassa, amoho ariyavihārassa.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobhena cettha sakapakkhesu sattasaṅkhāresu nibbuto hoti tesaṃ vināsena abhisaṅgahetukassa dukkhassa abhāvā, adosena parapakkhesu, aduṭṭhassa hi verīsupi verisaññāya abhāvato, amohena udāsīnapakkhesu amūḷhassa sabbābhisaṅgatāya abhāvato.</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Alobhena <a name="M1.0137"></a> ca aniccadassanaṃ hoti, luddho hi upabhogāsāya aniccepi saṅkhāre aniccato na passati. Adosena dukkhadassanaṃ, adosajjhāsayo hi pariccattaāghātavatthupariggaho saṅkhāreyeva dukkhato passati. Amohena anattadassanaṃ, amūḷho hi yāthāvagahaṇakusalo apariṇāyakaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ apariṇāyakato bujjhati. Yathā ca etehi aniccadassanādīni, evaṃ etepi aniccadassanādīhi honti. Aniccadassanena hi alobho hoti, dukkhadassanena adoso, anattadassanena amoho. Ko hi nāma ‘aniccamida’nti sammā ñatvā tassatthāya pihaṃ uppādeyya, saṅkhāre vā ‘dukkha’nti jānanto aparampi accantatikhiṇaṃ kodhadukkhaṃ uppādeyya, attasuññatañca bujjhitvā puna sammohaṃ āpajjeyyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘pubbabhāgiyānaṃ sīlasampadādīnaṃ sādhanavasena lokuttarānaṃ, upanissayabhāvena ca sampanno ajjhāsayo etassāti sampannajjhāsayo’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ tissannaṃ bodhīnaṃ aññataraṃ pāpuṇātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0128"></a> te ajjhāsaye pāḷiyāva vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">chā</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. <span class="bld">Ajjhāsayā</span>ti paricchinnadhammanidassanaṃ. Ubhayaṃ pana ekajjhaṃ katvā chabbidhā ajjhāsayāti attho. <span class="bld">Bodhisattā</span>ti bujjhanakasattā, bodhiyā vā niyatabhāvena sattā laggā, adhimuttā tanninnā tappoṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Bodhiparipākāya saṃvattantī</span>ti yathābhinīhāraṃ attanā pattabbabodhiyā paripācanāya bhavanti. <span class="bld">Alobhajjhāsayā</span>ti alubbhanākārena pavattaajjhāsayā, ādito ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho mayaṃ sabbattha, sabbadā ca aluddhā eva hessāmā’’ti, majjhe ca alubbhanavaseneva, pacchā ca tasseva rocanavasena pavattaajjhāsayā. <span class="bld">Lobhe dosadassāvino</span>ti lubbhanalakkhaṇe lobhe sabbappakārena ādīnavadassāvino. Idaṃ tassa ajjhāsayassa ekadesato brūhanākāradassanaṃ. Lobhe hi ādīnavaṃ, alobhe ca ānisaṃsaṃ passantassa alobhajjhāsayo parivaḍḍhati, svāyaṃ tattha ādīnavānisaṃsadassanavidhi vibhāvitoyeva. Sesapadesupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Ayaṃ <a name="M1.0138"></a> pana viseso – <span class="bld">nekkhamma</span>nti idha pabbajjā. <span class="bld">Paviveko</span> tadaṅgaviveko, vikkhambhanaviveko, kāyaviveko, cittaviveko ca. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇaṃ</span> nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbabhavagatīsū</span>ti sabbesu bhavesu, sabbāsu ca gatīsu. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttatāyā</span>ti yadatthaṃ bhāvanānuyogo, yadatthā ca pabbajjā, tadadhimuttena. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘samādhādhimuttenā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Kiṃ caritosī’’</span>ti pucchito sace ‘‘na jānāmī’’ti vadeyya, <span class="bld">‘‘ke vā te dhammā bahulaṃ samudācarantī’’</span>ti pucchitabbo. <span class="bld">Kiṃ vā</span>ti kiṃ asubhaṃ vā anussatiṭṭhānaṃ vā aññaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Kiṃ te manasi karoto phāsu hotī</span>ti cittassa ekaggabhāvena sukhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ namatī</span>ti pakatiyāva abhirativasena namati. <span class="bld">Evamādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena iriyāpathādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tepi hi na sabbassa ekaṃsato byabhicārino eva. Tathā hi samudācāro pucchitabbo vutto. ‘‘Asukañca asukañca manasikāravidhiṃ katipayadivasaṃ anuyuñjāhī’’ti ca vattabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Pakatiyā uggahitakammaṭṭhānassā’’</span>ti idaṃ yaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetukāmo, tattha sajjhāyavasena vā manasikāravasena vā kataparicayaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ dve nisajjānī</span>ti ekaṃ vā dve vā uṇhāsanāni. <span class="bld">Sajjhāyaṃ kāretvā</span> attano sammukhāva adhīyāpetvā <span class="bld">dātabbaṃ,</span> so ce aññattha gantukāmoti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘santike vasantassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āgatāgatakkhaṇe kathetabbaṃ,</span> pavattiṃ sutvāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇa</span>nti <a name="V1.0129"></a> pathavīkasiṇakammaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Katassā</span>ti katassa kasiṇassa. <span class="bld">Taṃ taṃ ākāra</span>nti ācariyena kammaṭṭhāne vuccamāne padapadatthādhippāyaopammādikaṃ attano ñāṇassa paccupaṭṭhitaṃ taṃ taṃ ākāraṃ, yaṃ yaṃ nimittanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanibandhitvā</span>ti upanetvā nibaddhaṃ viya katvā, hadaye ṭhapetvā apamussantaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitassatitāya <span class="bld">nimittaṃ gahetvā</span> tattha sampajānakāritāya <span class="bld">sakkaccaṃ suṇantena. Ta</span>nti taṃ yathāvuttaṃ suggahitaṃ nissāya. <span class="bld">Itarassā</span>ti tathā agaṇhantassa. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti kassacipi pakārassa tattha asesitattā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Kammaṭṭhānaggahaṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti tatiyaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">4. Pathavīkasiṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para51"></a><span class="paranum">51</span>. <span class="bld">Phāsu</span> <a name="M1.0139"></a><a name="V1.0130"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti āvāsasappāyādilābhena manasikāraphāsutā bhāvanānukūlatā hoti. <span class="bld">Parisodhentenā</span>ti tesaṃ tesaṃ gaṇṭhiṭṭhānānaṃ chindanavasena visodhentena. <span class="bld">Akilamantoyevā</span>ti akilantakāyo eva. Sati hi kāyakilamathe siyā kammaṭṭhānamanasikārassa antarāyoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Gaṇṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti atthato, adhippāyato ca dubbinivedhatāya gaṇṭhibhūtaṃ ṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Chinditvā</span>ti yāthāvato atthassa, adhippāyassa ca vibhāvanena chinditvā, vibhūtaṃ supākaṭaṃ katvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Suvisuddha</span>nti suṭṭhu visuddhaṃ, nigumbaṃ nijjaṭanti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ananurūpavihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Aññatarenā</span>ti aññatarenāpi, pageva anekehīti adhippāyo. Mahantabhāvo <span class="bld">mahattaṃ</span>. Tathā sesesu. Soṇḍavā <span class="bld">soṇḍī</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">paṇṇa</span>ntiādīsu. Bodhiaṅgaṇādīsu kātabbaṃ idha <span class="bld">‘‘vatta’’</span>nti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pānīyaghaṭaṃ vā ritta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Niṭṭhitāyā</span>ti paviṭṭhapaviṭṭhānaṃ dānena parikkhīṇāya. Jiṇṇavihārepi yatra bhikkhū evaṃ vadanti ‘‘āyasmā, yathāsukhaṃ samaṇadhammaṃ karotu, mayaṃ paṭijaggissāmā’’ti. <span class="bld">Evarūpe vihātabba</span>nti ayampi nayo labbhati, vuttanayattā pana na vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāpathavihāre</span>ti mahāpathasamīpe vihāre. <span class="bld">Bhājanadārudoṇikādīnī</span>ti rajanabhājanāni, rajanatthāya dāru, dārumayadoṇikā, rajanapacanaṭṭhānaṃ, dhovanaphalakanti evamādīni. <span class="bld">Sākahārikā</span>ti sākahāriniyo itthiyo. <span class="bld">Visabhāgasaddo</span> kāmaguṇūpasaṃhito gītasaddoti vadanti, kevalopi itthisaddo visabhāgasaddo eva. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti pupphavante vihāre. <span class="bld">Tādisoyevā</span>ti ‘‘tatthassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā’’tiādinā yādiso paṇṇavante vihāre upaddavo vutto, tādisoyeva. ‘‘Pupphahārikāyo pupphaṃ ocinantiyo’’ti pana vattabbaṃ. Ayamidha viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patthanīye</span>ti <a name="V1.0131"></a> tattha vasantesu sambhāvanāvasena upasaṅkamanādinā patthetabbe. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘leṇasammate’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dakkhiṇāgirī</span>ti magadhavisaye dakkhiṇāgirīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visabhāgārammaṇāni</span> <a name="M1.0140"></a> iṭṭhāni, aniṭṭhāni ca. Aniṭṭhānaṃ hi dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ghaṭehi nighaṃsantiyo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Dabbūpakaraṇayoggā rukkhā <span class="bld">dabbūpakaraṇarukkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo pana</span> vihāro. <span class="bld">Khala</span>nti dhaññakaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gāvo rundhanti</span> ‘‘sassaṃ khādiṃsū’’ti. <span class="bld">Udakavāra</span>nti kedāresu sassānaṃ dātabbaudakavāraṃ. <span class="bld">Ayampī</span>ti mahāsaṅghabhogopi vihāro. <span class="bld">Vāriyamānā</span> kammaṭṭhānikena bhikkhunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Samuddasāmuddikanadīnissitaṃ <span class="bld">udakapaṭṭanaṃ</span>. Mahānagarānaṃ āyadvārabhūtaṃ aṭavimukhādinissitaṃ <span class="bld">thalapaṭṭanaṃ. Appasannā honti</span>. Tenassa tattha phāsuvihāro na hotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Maññamānā</span> rājamanussā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samosaraṇenā</span>ti ito cito sañcaraṇena. <span class="bld">Papāte</span>ti papātasīse <span class="bld">ṭhatvā gāyi</span> ‘‘gītasaddena idhāgataṃ papāte pātetvā khādissāmī’’ti. <span class="bld">Vegena gahetvā</span>ti vegenāgantvā ‘‘kuhiṃ yāsī’’ti khandhe gahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ vihāre, vihārasāmantā vā na sakkā hoti <span class="bld">kalyāṇamittaṃ laddhuṃ,</span> tattha vihāre so alābho mahādosoti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Panthani</span>nti panthe nīto pavattitoti panthanī, magganissito vihāro. Taṃ panthaniṃ. <span class="bld">Soṇḍi</span>nti soṇḍisahito vihāro soṇḍī, taṃ soṇḍiṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">paṇṇa</span>ntiādīsu. Nagaranissitaṃ <span class="bld">nagara</span>nti vuttaṃ uttarapadalopena yathā ‘‘bhīmaseno bhīmo’’ti. <span class="bld">Dārunā</span>ti dārunissitena saha. <span class="bld">Visabhāgenā</span>ti yo visabhāgehi vusīyati, visabhāgānaṃ vā nivāso, so vihāro visabhāgo. Tena visabhāgena saddhiṃ. Paccantanissitañca sīmānissitañca asappāyañca <span class="bld">paccantasīmāsappāyaṃ. Yattha mitto na labbhati,</span> tampīti sabbattha ṭhāna-saddāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">Iti viññāyā</span>ti ‘‘bhāvanāya ananurūpānī’’ti evaṃ vijānitvā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Anurūpavihāravaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0132"></a> <span class="bld">anurūpo nāmā</span>ti ayaṃ vihāro bhāvanāya anurūpo nāma. <span class="bld">Nātidūra</span>nti gocaraṭṭhānato aḍḍhagāvutato orabhāgatāya na <a name="M1.0141"></a> atidūraṃ. <span class="bld">Nāccāsanna</span>nti pacchimena pamāṇena gocaraṭṭhānato pañcadhanusatikatāya na atiāsannaṃ. Tāya ca pana nātidūranāccāsannatāya, gocaraṭṭhānaṃ parissayādirahitamaggatāya ca gamanassa ca āgamanassa ca yuttarūpattā <span class="bld">gamanāgamanasampannaṃ</span>. Divasabhāge mahājanasaṃkiṇṇatābhāvena <span class="bld">divā appākiṇṇaṃ</span>. Abhāvattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">appa</span>-saddo ‘‘appiccho’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.336) viya. Rattiyaṃ janālāpasaddābhāvena <span class="bld">rattiṃ appasaddaṃ</span>. Sabbadāpi janasannipātanigghosābhāvena <span class="bld">appanigghosaṃ. Appakasirenā</span>ti akasirena sukheneva. Sīlādiguṇānaṃ thirabhāvappattiyā <span class="bld">therā</span>. Suttageyyādi bahu sutaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">bahussutā</span>. Vācuggatakaraṇena, sammadeva garūnaṃ santike āgamitabhāvena ca āgato pariyattidhammasaṅkhāto āgamo etesanti <span class="bld">āgatāgamā</span>. Suttābhidhammasaṅkhātassa dhammassa dhāraṇena <span class="bld">dhammadharā</span>. Vinayassa dhāraṇena <span class="bld">vinayadharā</span>. Tesaṃyeva dhammavinayānaṃ mātikāya dhāraṇena <span class="bld">mātikādharā</span>. Tattha tattha dhammaparipucchāya <span class="bld">paripucchati</span>. Atthaparipucchāya <span class="bld">paripañhati</span> vīmaṃsati vicāreti. <span class="bld">Idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ imassa ko attho</span>ti paripucchanaparipañhākāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avivaṭañceva</span> pāḷiyā atthaṃ padesantarapāḷidassanena āgamato <span class="bld">vivaranti. Anuttānīkatañca</span> yuttivibhāvanena <span class="bld">uttānīkaronti. Kaṅkhaṭṭhāniyesu dhammesu</span> saṃsayuppattiyā hetutāya gaṇṭhiṭṭhānabhūtesu pāḷipadesesu yāthāvato vinicchayadānena <span class="bld">kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti</span>. Ettha ca ‘‘nātidūraṃ, nāccāsannaṃ, gamanāgamanasampanna’’nti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘‘divā appākiṇṇaṃ, rattiṃ appasaddaṃ appanigghosa’’nti ekaṃ, ‘‘appaḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassa’’nti ekaṃ, ‘‘tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane viharantassa…pe… parikkhārā’’ti ekaṃ, ‘‘tasmiṃ kho pana senāsane therā…pe… kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodentī’’ti ekaṃ. Evaṃ pañca aṅgāni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Khuddakapalibodhavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. Khuddakapalibodhupacchede payojanaṃ parato āgamissati. Aggaḷaanuvātaparibhaṇḍadānādinā <span class="bld">daḷhīkammaṃ vā</span>. Tantacchedādīsu <span class="bld">tunnakammaṃ vā</span> kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Bhāvanāvidhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbakammaṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0142"></a><a name="V1.0133"></a> anukkamena niddisiyamānassa cattālīsavidhassa sabbassa kammaṭṭhānassa vasena. <span class="bld">Piṇḍapātapaṭikkantenā</span>ti piṇḍapātaparibhogato paṭinivattena, piṇḍapātabhuttāvinā onītapattapāṇināti attho. <span class="bld">Bhattasammadaṃ paṭivinodetvā</span>ti bhojananimittaṃ parissamaṃ vinodetvā. Āhāre hi āsayaṃ paviṭṭhamatte tassa āgantukatāya yebhuyyena siyā sarīrassa koci parissamo, taṃ vūpasametvā. Tasmiṃ hi avūpasante sarīrakhedena cittaṃ ekaggataṃ na labheyyāti. <span class="bld">Pavivitte</span>ti janavivitte. <span class="bld">Sukhanisinnenā</span>ti pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya nisajjāya sukhanisinnena. <span class="bld">Vuttañheta</span>nti yaṃ ‘‘katāya vā’’tiādinā pathaviyā nimittaggahaṇaṃ idha vuccati, vuttaṃ hetaṃ porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ aṭṭhakathāpāḷiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīkasiṇaṃ uggaṇhanto’’</span>tiādimāha. Tatthāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇaṃ uggaṇhanto</span>ti uggahanimittabhāvena pathavīkasiṇaṃ gaṇhanto ādiyanto, uggahanimittabhūtaṃ pathavīkasiṇaṃ uppādentoti attho. Uppādanañcettha tathānimittassa upaṭṭhāpanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathaviya</span>nti vakkhamānavisese pathavīmaṇḍale. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ gaṇhātī</span>ti tattha cakkhunā ādāsatale mukhanimittaṃ viya bhāvanāñāṇena vakkhamānavisesaṃ pathavīnimittaṃ gaṇhāti. ‘‘Pathaviya’’nti vatvāpi maṇḍalāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">Kate</span>ti vakkhamānavidhinā abhisaṅkhateti attho. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo aniyamattho. <span class="bld">Akate</span>ti pākatike khalamaṇḍalādike pathavīmaṇḍale. <span class="bld">Sāntake</span>ti saantake eva, saparicchede evāti attho. Sāvadhāraṇañhetaṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā hi tena nivattitaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘no anantake’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakoṭiye</span>tiādīnipi tasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Suppamatte vā</span>tiādīsu suppasarāvāni samappamāṇāni icchitāni. Keci pana vadanti ‘‘sarāvamattaṃ vidatthicaturaṅgulaṃ hoti, suppamattaṃ tato adhikappamāṇanti. Kittimaṃ kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ heṭṭhimaparicchedena sarāvamattaṃ, uparimaparicchedena suppamattaṃ, na tato adho, uddhaṃ vāti parittappamāṇabhedasaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā’</span>ti vutta’’nti. Yathāupaṭṭhite ārammaṇe ekaṅgulamattampi vaḍḍhitaṃ appamāṇamevāti vuttovāyamattho. Keci pana ‘‘chattamattampi kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ kātabba’’nti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span> <a name="M1.0143"></a> <span class="bld">taṃ nimittaṃ suggahitaṃ karotī</span>ti so yogāvacaro taṃ pathavīmaṇḍalaṃ suggahitaṃ nimittaṃ <a name="V1.0134"></a> karoti. Yadā cakkhuṃ ummīletvā oloketvā tattha nimittaṃ gahetvā nimmīletvā āvajjentassa ummīletvā olokitakkhaṇe viya upaṭṭhāti, tadā suggahitaṃ karoti nāma. Athettha satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā abahigatena mānasena punappunaṃ sallakkhento <span class="bld">sūpadhāritaṃ upadhāreti</span> nāma. Evaṃ upadhāritaṃ pana naṃ punappunaṃ āvajjento manasi karonto tamevārabbha āsevanaṃ bhāvanaṃ bahulaṃ pavattento <span class="bld">suvavatthitaṃ vavatthapeti</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ ārammaṇe</span>ti evaṃ suggahitakaraṇādinā sammadeva upaṭṭhite tasmiṃ pathavīkasiṇasaññite ārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ upanibandhatī</span>ti attano cittaṃ upacārajjhānaṃ upanetvā nibandhati aññārammaṇato vinivattaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Addhā imāyā</span>tiādi ānisaṃsadassāvitādassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathādassitassa aṭṭhakathāpāṭhassa atthappakāsanena saddhiṃ bhāvanāvidhiṃ vibhāvetukāmo akate tāva nimittaggahaṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yena atītabhavepī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ aṭṭhakathāpāṭhe. <span class="bld">Catukkapañcakajjhānānī</span>ti catukkapañcakanayavasena vadati. <span class="bld">Puññavato</span>ti bhāvanāmayapuññavato. <span class="bld">Upanissayasampannassā</span>ti tādiseneva upanissayena samannāgatassa. <span class="bld">Khalamaṇḍale</span>ti maṇḍalākāre dhaññakaraṇaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Taṃṭhānappamāṇamevā</span>ti olokitaṭṭhānappamāṇameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avirādhetvā</span>ti avirajjhitvā vuttavidhinā eva. <span class="bld">Nīlapītalohitaodātasambhedavasenā</span>ti nīlādivaṇṇāhi mattikāhi paccekaṃ, ekajjhañca saṃsaggavasena. <span class="bld">Gaṅgāvahe</span>ti gaṅgāsote. Sīhaḷadīpe kira rāvaṇagaṅgā nāma nadī, tassā sotena chinnataṭaṭṭhāne mattikā aruṇavaṇṇā. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gaṅgāvahe mattikāsadisāya aruṇavaṇṇāyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aruṇavaṇṇāya</span> aruṇanibhāya, aruṇappabhāvaṇṇāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kasiṇadose dassetvā idāni kasiṇakaraṇādike sesākāre dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tañca kho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃhārima</span>nti saṃharitabbaṃ gahetvā caraṇayoggaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatraṭṭhaka</span>nti yatra kataṃ, tattheva tiṭṭhanakaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttappamāṇa</span>nti <a name="M1.0144"></a> ‘‘suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā’’ti vuttappamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭa</span>nti maṇḍalasaṇṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikammakāle</span>ti nimittuggahaṇāya bhāvanākāle. <span class="bld">Etadevā</span>ti yaṃ vidatthicaturaṅgulavitthāraṃ, etadeva pamāṇaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘suppamattaṃ vā sarāvamattaṃ vā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Suppaṃ hi nātimahantaṃ, sarāvañca mahantaṃ cāṭipidhānappahonakanti samappamāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56"></a><span class="paranum">56</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti <a name="V1.0135"></a> paricchedatthāya vuttattā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttapamāṇaṃ pariccheda</span>nti yathāvuttappamāṇaṃ vidatthicaturaṅgulavitthāraṃ paricchedaṃ katvā, evaṃ vuttappamāṇaṃ vā kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ visabhāgavaṇṇena paricchedaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Rukkhapāṇikā</span>ti kucandanādirukkhapāṇikā aruṇavaṇṇassa <span class="bld">visabhāgavaṇṇaṃ samuṭṭhapeti</span>. Tasmā taṃ aggahetvāti vuttaṃ. Pakatirukkhapāṇikā pana pāsāṇapāṇikāgatikāva. Ninnunnataṭṭhānābhāvena <span class="bld">bherītalasadisaṃ</span> katvā. <span class="bld">Tato dūratare</span>tiādi yathāvuttato padesato, pīṭhato ca aññasmiṃ ādīnavadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kasiṇadosā</span>ti hatthapāṇipadādayo idha kasiṇadosā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘aḍḍhateyyahatthantare padese, vidatthicaturaṅgulapādake pīṭhe’’ti ca vuttavidhināva. <span class="bld">Kāmesu ādīnava</span>nti ‘‘kāmā nāmete aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā nirassādaṭṭhena, tiṇukkūpamā anudahanaṭṭhena, aṅgārakāsūpamā mahābhitāpaṭṭhena, supinakūpamā ittarapaccupaṭṭhānaṭṭhena, yācitakūpamā tāvakālikaṭṭhena, rukkhaphalūpamā sabbaṅgapaccaṅgapalibhañjanaṭṭhena, asisūnūpamā adhikuṭṭanaṭṭhena, sattisūlūpamā vinivijjhanaṭṭhena, sappasirūpamā sapaṭibhayaṭṭhenā’’tiādinā (pāci. aṭṭha. 417; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.234) ‘‘appassādā kāmā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā’’tiādinā (pāci. 417; ma. ni. 1.234; 2.42) ‘‘kāmasukhañca nāmetaṃ bahuparissayaṃ, sāsaṅkaṃ, sabhayaṃ, saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ, mīḷhaparibhogasadisaṃ, hīnaṃ, gammaṃ, pothujjanikaṃ, anariyaṃ, anatthasaṃhita’’ntiādinā ca anekākāravokāraṃ vatthukāmakilesakāmesu ādīnavaṃ dosaṃ paccavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Kāmanissaraṇe</span>ti kāmānaṃ nissaraṇabhūte, tehi vā nissaṭe. Aggamaggassa pādakabhāvena <span class="bld">sabbadukkhasamatikkamassa upāyabhūte. Nekkhamme</span>ti jhāne. <span class="bld">Jātābhilāsena</span> sañjātacchandena. ‘‘Sammāsambuddho vata bhagavā aviparītadhammadesanattā, svākkhāto <a name="M1.0145"></a> dhammo ekantaniyyānikattā, suppaṭipanno saṅgho yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjanato’’ti evaṃ <span class="bld">buddhadhammasaṅghaguṇānussaraṇena</span> ratanattayavisayaṃ <span class="bld">pītipāmojjaṃ janayitvā</span>. Nekkhammaṃ paṭipajjati etāyāti <span class="bld">nekkhammapaṭipadā,</span> saupacārassa jhānassa, vipassanāya, maggassa, nibbānassa ca adhigamakāraṇanti attho. Pubbe pana paṭhamajjhānameva nekkhammanti vuttattā vuttāvasesā sabbepi nekkhammadhammā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pabbajjā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ, nibbānaṃ ca vipassanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbepi kusalā dhammā, ‘nekkhamma’nti pavuccare’’ti. (itivu. aṭṭha. 109);</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Pavivekasukharasassā</span>ti <a name="V1.0136"></a> cittavivekādivivekajassa sukharasassa. Evametehi pañcahi padehi ‘‘ānisaṃsadassāvī’’tiādīnaṃ padānaṃ attho dassitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Samena ākārenā</span>ti atiummīlanaatimandālocanāni vajjetvā nātiummīlananātimandālocanasaṅkhātena samena ālocanākārena. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ gaṇhantenā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇe cakkhunā gahitanimittaṃ manasā gaṇhantena. <span class="bld">Bhāvetabba</span>nti tathāpavattaṃ nimittaggahaṇaṃ vaḍḍhetabbaṃ āsevitabbaṃ bahulīkātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhu kilamati</span> atisukhumaṃ, atibhāsurañca rūpagataṃ upanijjhāyato viya. <span class="bld">Ativibhūtaṃ hoti</span> attano sabhāvāvibhāvato. Tathā ca vaṇṇato vā lakkhaṇato vā upatiṭṭheyya. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenassa nimittaṃ nuppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Avibhūtaṃ hoti</span> gajanimmīlanena pekkhantassa rūpagataṃ viya. <span class="bld">Cittañca līnaṃ hoti</span> dassane mandabyāpāratāya kosajjapātato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evampi nimittaṃ nuppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādāsatale mukhanimittadassinā viyā</span>ti yathā ādāsatale mukhanimittadassī puriso na tattha atigāḷhaṃ ummīlati, nāpi atimandaṃ, na ādāsatalassa vaṇṇaṃ paccavekkhati, nāpi lakkhaṇaṃ manasi karoti. Atha kho samena ākārena olokento attano mukhanimittameva passati, evameva ayampi pathavīkasiṇaṃ samena ākārena olokento nimittaggahaṇappasutoyeva hoti, tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samena ākārenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Na vaṇṇo paccavekkhitabbo</span>ti yo tattha pathavīkasiṇe aruṇavaṇṇo, so na cintetabbo. Cakkhuviññāṇena pana gahaṇaṃ na sakkā nivāretuṃ. Tenevettha ‘‘na oloketabbo’’ti <a name="M1.0146"></a> avatvā paccavekkhaṇaggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Na lakkhaṇaṃ manasi kātabba</span>nti yaṃ tattha pathavīdhātuyā thaddhalakkhaṇaṃ, taṃ na manasi kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Disvā gahetabbattā ‘‘vaṇṇaṃ amuñcitvā’’ti vatvāpi vaṇṇavasenettha ābhogo na kātabbo, so pana vaṇṇo nissayagatiko kātabboti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘nissayasavaṇṇaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. Nissayena samānākārasannissito so vaṇṇo tāya pathaviyā samānagatikaṃ katvā, vaṇṇena saheva ‘‘pathavī’’ti manasi kātabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Ussadavasena paṇṇattidhamme</span>ti pathavīdhātuyā ussannabhāvena sattito adhikabhāvena sasambhārapathaviyaṃ ‘‘pathavī’’ti yo lokavohāro, tasmiṃ paṇṇattidhamme <span class="bld">cittaṃ paṭṭhapetvā</span> ‘‘pathavī, pathavī’’ti <span class="bld">manasi kātabbaṃ</span>. Yadi lokavohārena paṇṇattimatte cittaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ, nāmantaravasenapi pathavī manasi kātabbā bhaveyyāti, hotu, ko dosoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘mahī medinī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yamicchatī</span>ti yaṃ nāmaṃ vattuṃ icchati, <span class="bld">taṃ vattabbaṃ</span>. Tañca kho <span class="bld">yadassa saññānukūlaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0137"></a> <span class="bld">hoti</span> yaṃ nāmaṃ assa yogino pubbe tattha gahitasaññāvasena anukūlaṃ pacuratāya, paguṇatāya vā āgacchati, <span class="bld">taṃ vattabbaṃ. Vattabba</span>nti ca paṭhamasamannāhāre kassaci vacībhedopi hotīti katvā vuttaṃ, ācariyena vā vattabbataṃ sandhāya. Kiṃ vā bahunā, pākaṭabhāvoyevettha pamāṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kālena ummīletvā kālena nimmīletvā</span>ti kiñci kālaṃ cakkhuṃ ummīletvā nimittaggahaṇavasena pathavīmaṇḍalaṃ oloketvā puna kiñci kālaṃ cakkhuṃ nimmīletvā āvajjitabbaṃ. Yenākārena oloketvā gahitaṃ, tenākārena puna taṃ samannāharitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para57"></a><span class="paranum">57</span>. <span class="bld">Āpāthamāgacchatī</span>ti manodvārikajavanānaṃ gocarabhāvaṃ upagacchati. <span class="bld">Tassa</span> uggahanimittassa. <span class="bld">Na tasmiṃ ṭhāne nisīditabbaṃ</span>. Kasmā? Yadi uggahanimitte jātepi pathavīmaṇḍalaṃ oloketvā bhāveti, paṭibhāganimittuppatti na siyā. Samīpaṭṭhena ca na oloketuṃ na sakkā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ pavisitvā’’</span>tiādi. Nissaddabhāvāya <span class="bld">ekapaṭalikūpāhanā</span>gahaṇaṃ, parissayavinodanatthaṃ <span class="bld">kattaradaṇḍa</span>ggahaṇaṃ. Sace nassati, athānena bhāvetabbanti sambandho. Vakkhamānesu asappāyesu <span class="bld">kenacideva</span> asappāyena kāraṇabhūtena. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ ādāyā</span>ti yathājātaṃ uggahanimittaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Samannāharitabba</span>nti āvajjitabbaṃ nimittanti adhippāyo, sammā vā anu <a name="M1.0147"></a> anu āharitabbaṃ kammaṭṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Takkāhataṃ vitakkāhata</span>nti takkanato, savisesaṃ takkanato ca ‘‘takko, vitakko’’ti ca evaṃ laddhanāmena bhāvanācittasampayuttena sammāsaṅkappena āhananapariyāhananakiccena aparāparaṃ vattamānena kammaṭṭhānaṃ āhataṃ, pariyāhatañca kātabbaṃ, balappattavitakko manasikāro bahulaṃ pavattetabboti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ karontassā</span>ti evaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ takkāhataṃ vitakkāhataṃ karontassa. Yathā bhāvanā pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ āvahati, evaṃ anuyuñjantassa. <span class="bld">Anukkamenā</span>ti bhāvanānukkamena. Yadā saddhādīni indriyāni suvisadāni tikkhāni pavattanti, tadā assaddhiyādīnaṃ dūrībhāvena sātisayathāmappattehi sattahi balehi laddhūpatthambhāni vitakkādīni kāmāvacarāneva jhānaṅgāni bahūni hutvā pātubhavanti. Tato eva tesaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhūtā kāmacchandādayo saddhiṃ tadekaṭṭhehi pāpadhammehi vidūrī bhavanti, paṭibhāganimittuppattiyā saddhiṃ taṃ ārabbha upacārajjhānaṃ uppajjati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhantī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">sannisīdantī</span>ti sammadeva sīdanti, upasamantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imassā</span>ti paṭibhāganimittassa. Aṅgulipadapāṇipadādiko <span class="bld">kasiṇadoso</span>. Ādāsamaṇḍalūpamādīhi <a name="V1.0138"></a> uggahanimittato paṭibhāganimittassa suparisuddhataṃ, saṇhasukhumatañca dasseti. <span class="bld">Tañca kho</span> paṭibhāganimittaṃ <span class="bld">neva vaṇṇavantaṃ na saṇṭhānavantaṃ</span> aparamatthasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Īdisa</span>nti vaṇṇasaṇṭhānavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Tilakkhaṇabbhāhata</span>nti uppādādilakkhaṇattayānupaviṭṭhaṃ, aniccatādilakkhaṇattayaṅkitaṃ vā. Yadi <span class="bld">na panetaṃ tādisaṃ</span> vaṇṇādivantaṃ, kathaṃ jhānassa ārammaṇabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kevalañhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saññaja</span>nti bhāvanāsaññājanitaṃ, bhāvanāsaññāya sañjātamattaṃ. Na hi asabhāvassa kutoci samuṭṭhānaṃ atthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upaṭṭhānākāramatta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. <span class="bld">Vikkhambhitāneva sannisinnāva,</span> na pana tadatthaṃ ussāho kātabboti adhippāyo. ‘‘Upacārasamādhinā’’ti vutte itaropi samādhi atthīti atthato āpannanti tampi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duvidho hi samādhī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvīhākārehī</span>ti jhānadhammānaṃ paṭipakkhadūrībhāvo, thirabhāvappatti cāti imehi dvīhi kāraṇehi. Idāni tāni kāraṇāni avatthāmukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upacārabhūmiyaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upacārabhūmiya</span>nti upacārāvatthāyaṃ. Yadipi tadā jhānaṅgāni paṭutarāni mahaggatabhāvappattāni na uppajjanti, tesaṃ <a name="M1.0148"></a> pana paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ vikkhambhanena cittaṃ samādhiyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nīvaraṇappahānena cittaṃ samāhitaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paṭilābhabhūmiya</span>nti jhānassa adhigamāvatthāyaṃ. Tadā hi appanāpattānaṃ jhānadhammānaṃ uppattiyā cittaṃ samādhiyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aṅgapātubhāvenā’’</span>ti. Cittaṃ samāhitaṃ hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na thāmajātānī</span>ti na jātathāmāni, na bhāvanābalaṃ pattānīti attho. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti jhānacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Kevalampi rattiṃ kevalampi divasaṃ tiṭṭhatī</span>ti samāpattivelaṃ sandhāyāha. Upacārabhūmiyaṃ nimittavaḍḍhanaṃ yuttanti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nimittaṃ vaḍḍhetvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Laddhaparihānī</span>ti laddhaupacārajjhānaparihāni. Nimitte avinassante tadārammaṇajhānampi aparihīnameva hoti, nimitte pana ārakkhābhāvena vinaṭṭhe laddhaṃ laddhaṃ jhānampi vinassati tadāyattavuttito. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārakkhamhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Sattasappāyavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. ‘‘Thāvarañca hotī’’ti vatvā yathā thāvaraṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sati upaṭṭhāti, cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathāladdhañhi nimittaṃ tattha satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā ekaggataṃ vindantassa <a name="V1.0139"></a> thiraṃ nāma hoti, surakkhitañca. <span class="bld">Sati</span>-ggahaṇena cettha sampajaññaṃ, samādhiggahaṇena vīriyañca saṅgahitaṃ hoti nānantariyabhāvato. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu āvāsesu. <span class="bld">Tīṇi tīṇī</span>ti ekekasmiṃ āvāse avutthaavutthaṭṭhāne vasananiyāmena tayo tayo divase <span class="bld">vasitvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttarena vā dakkhiṇena vā</span>ti vuttaṃ gamanāgamane sūriyābhimukhabhāvanivāraṇatthanti. Sahassadhanuppamāṇaṃ <span class="bld">diyaḍḍhakosaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvattiṃsa tiracchānakathā</span>ti <span class="bld">rājakathādike</span> (dī. ni. 1.17; ma. ni. 2.223; saṃ. ni. 5.1080; a. ni. 10.69; pāci. 508) sandhāyāha. Tā hi pāḷiyaṃ sarūpato anāgatāpi araññapabbatanadīdīpakathā iti-saddena saṅgahetvā saggamokkhānaṃ tiracchānabhāvato ‘‘dvattiṃsa tiracchānakathā’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Dasakathāvatthunissita</span>nti ‘‘appicchatā, santuṭṭhi, paviveko, asaṃsaggo, vīriyārambho, sīla, samādhi, paññā, vimutti, vimuttiñāṇadassana’’nti imāni appicchakathādīnaṃ vatthūni, tannissitaṃ bhassaṃ <span class="bld">sappāyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atiracchānakathiko</span>ti <a name="M1.0149"></a> natiracchānakathiko, tiracchānakathā vidhuraṃ dhammikaṃ kammaṭṭhānapaṭisaṃyuttameva kathaṃ kathetīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sīlādiguṇasampanno</span>ti sīlasamādhiādiguṇasampanno. Yo hi samādhikammaṭṭhāniko, samādhikammaṭṭhānassa vā pāraṃ patto, so imassa yogino sappāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ nissāyā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Kāyadaḷhībahulo</span>ti kāyassa santappanaposanappasuto. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186; a. ni. 5.206).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhojanaṃ yebhuyyena madhurambilarasavasena sattānaṃ upayogaṃ gacchati dadhiādīsu tathā dassanato. Kaṭukādirasā pana kevalaṃ abhisaṅkhārakā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kassaci madhuraṃ, kassaci ambilaṃ sappāyaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yasmiṃ iriyāpathe</span> ādhārabhūte, vattamāne vā, yasmiṃ vā iriyāpathe pavattamānassa. <span class="bld">Nimittāsevanabahulassā</span>ti nimitte āsevanābahulassa paṭibhāganimitte visayabhūte bhāvanāmanasikāraṃ <a name="V1.0140"></a> bahulaṃ āsevantassa, nimittassa vā gocarāsevanavasena āsevanābahulassa. Yena hi bhāventassa bhāvanāsevanā, tena gocarāsevanāpi icchitabbāti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dasavidhaappanākosallavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60"></a><span class="paranum">60</span>. <span class="bld">Na hoti</span> appanā. Yena vidhinā appanāyaṃ kusalo hoti, so dasavidho vidhi <span class="bld">appanākosallaṃ,</span> tannibbattaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vatthuvisadakiriyato</span>ti vatthūnaṃ visadabhāvakaraṇato appanākosallaṃ icchitabbanti sambandho. Evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. Cittacetasikānaṃ hi pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato sarīraṃ, tappaṭibaddhāni cīvarādīni ca idha ‘‘vatthūnī’’ti adhippetāni. Tāni yathā cittassa sukhāvahāni honti, tathā karaṇaṃ tesaṃ <span class="bld">visadabhāvakaraṇaṃ</span>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ajjhattikabāhirāna’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sarīraṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo aṭṭhānappayutto, sarīraṃ sedamalaggahitaṃ vā aññena vā avassutakiccena vibādhitanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Senāsanaṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddena pattādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Nanu cāyaṃ nayo <a name="M1.0150"></a> khuddakapalibodhupacchedena saṅgahito, puna kasmā vuttoti? Saccaṃ saṅgahito, so ca kho bhāvanāya ārambhakāle. Idha pana āraddhakammaṭṭhānassa upacārajjhāne ṭhatvā appanāparivāsaṃ vasantassa kālantare jāte tathāpaṭipatti appanākosallāya vuttā. <span class="bld">Avisade</span> sati, visayabhūte vā. Kathaṃ bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa tāni visayo? Antarantarā pavattanakacittuppādavasenevaṃ vuttaṃ. Te hi cittuppādā cittekaggatāya aparisuddhabhāvāya saṃvattanti. <span class="bld">Cittacetasikesu</span> nissayādipaccayabhūtesu. <span class="bld">Ñāṇampī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍane. Tena ‘‘na kevalaṃ taṃ vatthuyeva, atha kho tasmiṃ aparisuddhe ñāṇampi aparisuddhaṃ hotī’’ti dassitaṃ. Taṃsampayuttānaṃ pana aparisuddhatā avuttasiddhā, ñāṇassa ca visuṃ gahaṇaṃ appanāya bahukārattā. Tathā hi jhānaṃ ‘‘dandhābhiññaṃ, khippābhiñña’’nti ñāṇamukhena niddiṭṭhaṃ. Nissayanissayopi nissayotveva vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dīpakapallikavaṭṭitelāni nissāyā’’</span>ti. Ñāṇe avisade vipassanābhāvanā viya samādhibhāvanāpi paridubbalā hotīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aparisuddhena ñāṇenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhāna</span>nti samathakammaṭṭhānaṃ āha. <span class="bld">Vuḍḍhiṃ</span> aṅgapātubhāvena, <span class="bld">virūḷhiṃ</span> guṇabhāvena, <span class="bld">vepullaṃ</span> sabbaso vasibhāvappattiyā veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Visade panā</span>ti sukkapakkho, tassa vuttavipariyāyena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. <span class="bld">Samabhāvakaraṇa</span>nti <a name="V1.0141"></a> kiccato anūnādhikabhāvakaraṇaṃ. Yathāpaccayaṃ saddheyyavatthusmiṃ adhimokkhakiccassa paṭutarabhāvena, paññāya avisadatāya, vīriyādīnaṃ ca sithilatādinā <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘itarāni mandānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti tasmā saddhindriyassa balavabhāvato, itaresañca mandattā. Kosajjapakkhe patituṃ adatvā sampayuttadhammānaṃ paggaṇhanaṃ anubalappadānaṃ paggaho, paggahova kiccaṃ, <span class="bld">paggahakiccaṃ</span> kātuṃ na sakkotīti sambandhitabbaṃ. Ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhānaṃ, anissajjanaṃ vā <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> vikkhepapaṭipakkho. Yena vā sampayuttā avikkhittā honti, so <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Rūpagataṃ viya cakkhunā yena yāthāvato visayasabhāvaṃ passati, taṃ <span class="bld">dassanakiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti</span> balavatā saddhindriyena abhibhūtattā. Sahajātadhammesu hi indaṭṭhaṃ kārentānaṃ sahapavattamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ ekarasatāvaseneva atthasiddhi, na aññathā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati<a name="M1.0151"></a>. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti saddhindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇenā</span>ti yassa saddheyyavatthuno uḷāratādiguṇe adhimuccanassa sātisayappavattiyā saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ jātaṃ, tassa paccayapaccayuppannādivibhāgato yāthāvato vīmaṃsanena. Evañhi evaṃdhammatānayena sabhāvarasato pariggayhamāne savipphāro adhimokkho na hoti, ‘‘ayaṃ imesaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvo’’ti parijānanavasena paññābyāpārassa sātisayattā. Dhuriyadhammesu hi yathā saddhāya balavabhāve paññāya mandabhāvo hoti, evaṃ paññāya balavabhāve saddhāya mandabhāvo hotīti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena hāpetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā amanasikārenā</span>ti yenākārena bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ hoti, tenākārena bhāvanāya ananuyuñjanatoti vuttaṃ hoti. Idha duvidhena saddhindriyassa balavabhāvo, attano vā paccayavisesato kiccuttariyena, vīriyādīnaṃ vā mandakiccatāya. Tattha paṭhamavikappe hāpanavidhi dassito, dutiyavikappe pana yathā manasi karoto vīriyādīnaṃ mandakiccatāya saddhindriyaṃ balavaṃ jātaṃ, tathā amanasikārena vīriyādīnaṃ paṭukiccabhāvāvahena manasikārena saddhindriyaṃ tehi samarasaṃ karontena hāpetabbaṃ. Iminā nayena sesindriyesupi hāpanavidhi veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vakkalittheravatthū</span>ti so hi āyasmā saddhādhimuttatāya katādhikāro satthu rūpakāyadassanappasuto eva hutvā viharanto satthārā ‘‘kiṃ te, vakkali, iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena? Yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passatī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.87) ovaditvā <a name="V1.0142"></a> kammaṭṭhāne niyojitopi taṃ ananuyuñjanto paṇāmito attānaṃ vinipātetuṃ papātaṭṭhānaṃ abhiruhi. Atha naṃ satthā yathānisinnova obhāsaṃ visajjento attānaṃ dassetvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Pāmojjabahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukha’’nti. (dha. pa. 381) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Gāthaṃ vatvā ‘‘ehi vakkalī’’ti āha. So tena amateneva abhisitto haṭṭhatuṭṭho hutvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Saddhāya pana balavabhāvato <a name="M1.0152"></a> vipassanāvīthiṃ na otari. Taṃ ñatvā bhagavā indriyasamataṃ paṭipādento kammaṭṭhānaṃ sodhetvā adāsi. So satthārā dinnanayena vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vakkalittheravatthu cettha nidassana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itarakiccabheda</span>nti upaṭṭhānādikiccavisesaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena samādhiupekkhāsambojjhaṅgānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Hāpetabba</span>nti yathā saddhindriyassa balavabhāvo dhammasabhāvapaccavekkhaṇena hāyati, evaṃ vīriyindriyassa adhimattatā passaddhiādibhāvanāya hāyati, samādhipakkhiyattā tassā. Tathā hi sā samādhindriyassa adhimattataṃ kosajjapātato rakkhantī vīriyādibhāvanā viya vīriyindriyassa adhimattataṃ uddhaccapātato rakkhantī ekaṃsato hāpeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘passaddhādibhāvanāya hāpetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soṇattherassa vatthū</span>ti (mahāva. 243) sukumārassa soṇattherassa vatthu. So hi āyasmā satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sītavane viharanto ‘‘mama sarīraṃ sukhumālaṃ, na ca sakkā sukheneva sukhaṃ adhigantuṃ, kāyaṃ kilametvāpi samaṇadhammo kātabbo’’ti ṭhānacaṅkamameva adhiṭṭhāya padhānamanuyuñjanto pādatalesu phoṭesu uṭṭhitesupi vedanaṃ ajjhupekkhitvā daḷhaṃ vīriyaṃ karonto accāraddhavīriyatāya visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi. Satthā tattha gantvā vīṇovādena ovaditvā vīriyasamatāyojanavidhiṃ dassento kammaṭṭhānaṃ sodhetvā gijjhakūṭaṃ gato. Theropi satthārā dinnanayena vīriyasamataṃ yojento vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahatte patiṭṭhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘soṇattherassa vatthu dassetabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesesupī</span>ti <a name="V1.0143"></a> satisamādhipaññindriyesupi. <span class="bld">Ekassā</span>ti ekekassa. Sāmaññaniddesovāyaṃ daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ paccekaṃ adhimattatāya pana hāpanavasena samataṃ dassetvā idāni tattha yesaṃ visesato asādhāraṇato, sādhāraṇato ca samatā icchitabbā, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visesato panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu pañcasu indriyesu. <span class="bld">Samata</span>nti saddhāpaññānaṃ aññamaññaṃ anūnānadhikabhāvaṃ. Tathā samādhivīriyānaṃ<a name="M1.0153"></a>. Yathā hi saddhāpaññānaṃ visuṃ visuṃ dhuriyadhammabhūtānaṃ kiccato aññamaññānativattanaṃ visesato icchitabbameva, yato nesaṃ samadhuratāya appanā sampajjatīti, evaṃ samādhivīriyānaṃ kosajjauddhaccapakkhikānaṃ samarasatāya sati aññamaññūpatthambhanato sampayuttadhammānaṃ antadvayapātābhāvena sammadeva appanā ijjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Balavasaddho hī’’</span>tiādi nidassanavasena vuttaṃ. Tassattho – yo balavatiyā saddhāya samannāgato avisadañāṇo, so muddhappasanno hoti, na aveccappasanno. Tathā hi so <span class="bld">avatthusmiṃ pasīdati</span> seyyathāpi titthiyasāvakā. <span class="bld">Kerāṭikapakkha</span>nti sāṭheyyapakkhaṃ bhajati. Saddhāhīnāya paññāya atidhāvanto ‘‘deyyavatthupariccāgena vinā cittuppādamattenapi dānamayaṃ puññaṃ hotī’’tiādīni parikappeti hetupaṭirūpakehi vañcito. Evaṃbhūto pana sukkhatakkaviluttacitto paṇḍitānaṃ vacanaṃ nādiyati, saññattiṃ na gacchati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhesajjasamuṭṭhito viya rogo atekiccho hotī’’</span>ti. Yathā cettha saddhāpaññānaṃ aññamaññaviraho na atthāvaho anatthāvaho ca, evamidhāpi samādhivīriyānaṃ aññamaññaviraho na avikkhepāvaho vikkhepāvaho cāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kosajjaṃ abhibhavati,</span> tena appanaṃ na pāpuṇātīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Uddhaccaṃ abhibhavatī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti taṃ saddhāpaññādvayaṃ, samādhivīriyadvayañca. <span class="bld">Samaṃ kātabba</span>nti samarasaṃ kātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhikammikassā</span>ti samathakammaṭṭhānikassa. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti evaṃ sante, saddhāya tesaṃ balavabhāve satīti attho. <span class="bld">Saddahanto</span>ti ‘‘pathavī pathavī’’ti manasikaraṇamattena kathaṃ jhānuppattīti acintetvā ‘‘addhā sammāsambuddhena vuttavidhi ijjhissatī’’ti saddahanto saddhaṃ janento. <span class="bld">Okappento</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ anupavisitvā viya adhimuccanavasena okappento pakkhandanto. <span class="bld">Ekaggatā balavatī vaṭṭati</span> samādhipadhānattā jhānassa. <span class="bld">Ubhinna</span>nti samādhipaññānaṃ, samādhikammikassa samādhino adhimattatāpi icchitabbāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samatāyapī’’</span>ti, samabhāvenāpīti attho. <span class="bld">Appanā</span>ti idhādhippetaappanā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘hotiyevā’’</span>ti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati<a name="V1.0144"></a>, lokuttarappanā pana tesaṃ samabhāveneva icchitā. Yathāha – ‘‘samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.1, 5).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi <a name="M1.0154"></a> visesato saddhāpaññānaṃ, samādhivīriyānañca samatā icchitā, kathaṃ satīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sati pana sabbattha balavatī vaṭṭatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti līnuddhaccapakkhesu pañcasu indriyesu. Uddhaccapakkhiye gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāvīriyapaññāna’’</span>nti āha. Aññathāpīti ca gahetabbā siyā. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘kosajjapakkhena samādhinā’’</span> icceva vuttaṃ, na ‘‘passaddhisamādhiupekkhāhī’’ti. <span class="bld">Sā</span> sati. Sabbesu rājakammesu niyutto <span class="bld">sabbakammiko. Tena</span> kāraṇena sabbattha icchitabbatthena. <span class="bld">Āha</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Sabbattha niyuttā <span class="bld">sabbatthikā,</span> sabbena vā līnuddhaccapakkhiyena bojjhaṅgaggahaṇena atthetabbā sabbatthiyā, sabbatthiyāva <span class="bld">sabbatthikā. Citta</span>nti kusalacittaṃ. Tassa hi <span class="bld">sati paṭisaraṇaṃ</span> parāyaṇaṃ appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Cittekaggatānimittassā</span>ti cittekaggatāya nimittassa, cittekaggatāsaṅkhātassa ca nimittassa. Cittassa hi samāhitākāraṃ sallakkhetvā samathanimittaṃ rakkhantoyeva kasiṇanimittaṃ rakkhati. Tasmā <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇādikassā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ paṭibhāganimittasseva, atha kho samathanimittassāpi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti rakkhaṇakosallaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha</span> appanākosallakathāyaṃ ‘‘nimittakosalla’’nti <span class="bld">adhippetaṃ,</span> karaṇabhāvanākosallānaṃ pageva siddhattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. <span class="bld">Atisithilavīriyatādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pamodanasaṃvejanavipariyāye saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Līna</span>nti saṅkucitaṃ kosajjapakkhapatitaṃ. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti bhāvanācittaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgādayo bhāvetī</span>ti ettha ‘‘tayo’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Yathā pana te bhāvetabbā, taṃ sayameva vakkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paritta</span>nti appakaṃ. <span class="bld">Ujjāletukāmo</span>ti padīpetukāmo. <span class="bld">Udakavātaṃ dadeyyā</span>ti udakamissaṃ vātaṃ upaneyya. <span class="bld">Akālo</span>ti nakālo, ayuttakālo vā. Satiādidhammasāmaggisaṅkhātāya bodhiyā bujjhati etāyāti katvā, taṃsamaṅgino vā bujjhatīti bodhino yogino aṅganti bojjhaṅgo<a name="V1.0145"></a>, pasattho, sundaro vā bojjhaṅgo sambojjhaṅgo<a name="M1.0155"></a>. Kāyacittadarathavūpasamalakkhaṇā passaddhiyeva sambojjhaṅgo passaddhisambojjhaṅgo, tassa <span class="bld">passaddhisambojjhaṅgassa. Samādhisambojjhaṅgādī</span>supi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – samādhissa tāva padatthalakkhaṇāni heṭṭhā āgatāneva. Upapattito ikkhatīti <span class="bld">upekkhā</span>. Sā panāyaṃ atthato tatramajjhattupekkhāva idha bojjhaṅgupekkhā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Dusamuṭṭhāpaya</span>nti samuṭṭhāpetuṃ uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ. Dhammānaṃ, dhammesu vā vicayo <span class="bld">dhammavicayo,</span> paññāti attho. Vīrassa bhāvo, kammaṃ vā, vidhinā vā īretabbaṃ pavattetabbanti <span class="bld">vīriyaṃ,</span> ussāho. Pīṇeti kāyaṃ, cittaṃ ca santappetīti <span class="bld">pīti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ yaṃ sakaṃ <span class="bld">yathāsakaṃ,</span> attano attanoti attho. <span class="bld">Āhāravasenā</span>ti paccayavasena. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti uppādanā, vaḍḍhanā ca. <span class="bld">Kusalākusalā</span>ti kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena kusalā, tappaṭipakkhato akusalā. Ye akusalā, te sāvajjā. Ye kusalā, te anavajjā. Akusalā <span class="bld">hīnā,</span> itare <span class="bld">paṇītā</span>. Kusalāpi vā hīnehi chandādīhi āraddhā <span class="bld">hīnā,</span> itare <span class="bld">paṇītā. Kaṇhā</span>ti kāḷakā cittassa apabhassarabhāvakaraṇā, <span class="bld">sukkā</span>ti odātā cittassa pabhassarabhāvakaraṇā. Kaṇhābhijātihetuto vā <span class="bld">kaṇhā,</span> sukkābhijātihetuto <span class="bld">sukkā</span>. Te eva <span class="bld">sappaṭibhāgā</span>. Kaṇhā hi ujuvipaccanīkatāya sukkehi sappaṭibhāgā. Tathā sukkāpi itarehi. Atha vā kaṇhā ca sukkā ca sappaṭibhāgā ca <span class="bld">kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgā</span>. Sukhā hi vedanā dukkhāya vedanāya sappaṭibhāgā, dukkhā ca vedanā sukhāya sappaṭibhāgāti. <span class="bld">Anuppannassā</span>ti anibbattassa. <span class="bld">Uppādāyā</span>ti uppādanatthāya. <span class="bld">Uppannassā</span>ti nibbattassa. <span class="bld">Bhiyyobhāvāyā</span>ti punappunabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Vepullāyā</span>ti vipulabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti vaḍḍhiyā. <span class="bld">Pāripūriyā</span>ti paripūraṇatthāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ‘‘atthi bhikkhave’’tiādinā dassitapāṭhe. <span class="bld">Sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivedhavasenā</span>ti ekajjhaṃ katvā gahaṇe anavajjasukhavipākādikassa visuṃ visuṃ pana phusanādikassa sabhāvalakkhaṇassa, aniccādikassa sāmaññalakkhaṇassa ca paṭivijjhanavasena. <span class="bld">Pavattamanasikāro</span>ti kusalādīnaṃ taṃtaṃsabhāvalakkhaṇādikassa yāthāvato avabujjhanavasena uppannajavanacittuppādo. So hi aviparītamanasikāratāya <span class="bld">‘‘yonisomanasikāro’’</span>ti vutto. Tadābhogatāya āvajjanāpi taggatikāva. Ruppanalakkhaṇādikampi <a name="M1.0156"></a> idha sāmaññalakkhaṇeneva saṅgahitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kusalakiriyāya ādiārambhavasena pavattavīriyaṃ dhitisabhāvatāya ‘‘dhātū’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ārambhadhātūti paṭhamavīriyaṃ vuccatī’’</span>ti. Laddhāsevanaṃ vīriyaṃ balappattaṃ <a name="V1.0146"></a> hutvā paṭipakkhaṃ vidhamatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kosajjato nikkhantattā tato balavatara’’</span>nti. Adhimattādhimattatarānaṃ paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ vidhamanasamatthaṃ paṭupaṭutarādibhāvappattaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanato tatopi balavatara’’</span>nti. Tiṭṭhati pavattati etthāti ṭhāniyā, pītisambojjhaṅgassa ṭhāniyā <span class="bld">pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyā</span>. Ṭhātabbo vā ṭhāniyo, pītisambojjhaṅgo ṭhāniyo etesūti <span class="bld">pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyā,</span> aparāparaṃ vattamānā pītisambojjhaṅgasampayuttā dhammā. Yasmā pana tesu pītiyeva pītisambojjhaṅgassa visesakāraṇaṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pītiyā eva etaṃ nāma’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Uppādakamanasikāro</span>ti yathā manasi karoto anuppanno pītisambojjhaṅgo uppajjati, uppanno ca vaḍḍhati, tathā pavattamanasikāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paripucchakatā</span>ti pariyogāhetvā pucchakabhāvo. Pañcapi hi nikāye uggahetvā ācariye pariyupāsitvā tassa tassa atthaṃ paripucchantassa, te vā saha aṭṭhakathāya pariyogāhetvā yaṃ yaṃ tattha gaṇṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ taṃ ‘‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’’ti pucchantassa dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo uppajjatīti. <span class="bld">Vatthuvisadakiriyā indriyasamattapaṭipādanā</span> saṅkhepato, vitthārato ca pakāsitā eva. Tattha pana samādhisaṃvattaniyabhāvena āgatā, idha paññāsaṃvattaniyabhāvena. Yadaggena hi samādhisaṃvattanikā, tadaggena paññāsaṃvattanikā samādhissa ñāṇapaccupaṭṭhānato. ‘‘Samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.99; 5.1071) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā</span> nāma duppaññānaṃ mandabuddhīnaṃ bhattanikkhittakākamaṃsanikkhittasunakhasadisānaṃ momūhapuggalānaṃ dūrato pariccajanā. <span class="bld">Paññavantapuggalasevanā</span> nāma paññāya katādhikārānaṃ saccapaṭiccasamuppādādīsu kusalānaṃ ariyānaṃ, vipassanākammikānaṃ vā mahāpaññānaṃ kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā</span>ti gambhīrañāṇehi caritabbānaṃ khandhāyatanadhātādīnaṃ, saccapaccayākārādidīpanānaṃ vā suññatāpaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ suttantānaṃ paccavekkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttatā</span>ti paññādhimuttatā, paññāya ninnapoṇapabbhāratāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apāyādī</span>ti <a name="M1.0157"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena jātiādiṃ atīte vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, anāgate vaṭṭamūlakaṃ dukkhaṃ, paccuppanne āhārapariyeṭṭhimūlakañca dukkhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Vīriyāyattassa lokiyalokuttaravisesassa adhigamo eva ānisaṃso, tassa dassanasīlatā <span class="bld">vīriyāyatta…pe… dassitā</span>. Sapubbabhāgo nibbānagāmimaggo <span class="bld">gamanavīthi</span> gantabbā paṭipajjitabbā paṭipadāti katvā<a name="V1.0147"></a>. <span class="bld">Dāyakānaṃ mahapphalabhāvakaraṇena piṇḍāpacāyanatā</span>ti paccayadāyakānaṃ attani kārassa attano sammāpaṭipattiyā mahapphalakārabhāvassa karaṇena piṇḍassa bhikkhāya paṭipūjanā. <span class="bld">Itarathā</span>ti āmisapūjāya. <span class="bld">Kusītapuggalaparivajjanatā</span>ti alasānaṃ bhāvanāya nāmamattampi ajānantānaṃ kāyadaḷhībahulānaṃ yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhādianuyuñjanakānaṃ tiracchānakathikānaṃ puggalānaṃ dūrato pariccajanā. <span class="bld">Āraddhavīriyapuggalasevanatā</span>ti ‘‘divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāyā’’tiādinā (vibha. 519; a. ni. 3.16) bhāvanārambhavasena āraddhavīriyānaṃ daḷhaparakkamānaṃ puggalānaṃ kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamanā. <span class="bld">Sammappadhānapaccavekkhaṇatā</span>ti catubbidhasammappadhānānubhāvassa paccavekkhaṇatā. <span class="bld">Tadadhimuttatā</span>ti tasmiṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅge adhimutti sabbiriyāpathesu ninnapoṇapabbhāratā. Ettha ca thinamiddhavinodanakusītapuggalaparivajjanaāraddhavīriyapuggalasevanatadadhimuttatā paṭipakkhavidhamanapaccayūpasaṃhāravasena, apāyādibhayapaccavekkhaṇādayo samuttejanavasena <span class="bld">vīriyasambojjhaṅgassa</span> uppādakā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhādīsu pasādasinehābhāvena thusakharahadayā <span class="bld">lūkhapuggalā,</span> tabbipariyāyena <span class="bld">siniddhapuggalā</span> veditabbā. Buddhādīnaṃ guṇaparidīpanā sampasādanīyasuttādayo (dī. ni. 3.141 ādayo) <span class="bld">pasādanīyasuttantā. Imehi ākārehī</span>ti yathāvuttehi kusalādīnaṃ sabhāvasāmaññalakkhaṇapaṭivijjhanādiākārehi ceva paripucchakatādiākārehi ca. <span class="bld">Ete dhamme</span>ti ete kusalādīsu yonisomanasikārādike ceva dhammatthaññutādike ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. <span class="bld">Accāraddhavīriyatādīhī</span>ti ativiya paggahitavīriyatādīhi. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena saṃvejanapamodanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Uddhata</span>nti samādhiādīnaṃ mandatāya avūpasantaṃ. <span class="bld">Duvūpasamaya</span>nti vūpasametuṃ samādhātuṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ</span> <a name="M1.0158"></a> <span class="bld">ākāraṃ sallakkhetvā</span>ti yenākārena assa yogino passaddhi samādhi upekkhāti ime passaddhiādayo dhammā pubbe yathārahaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle uppannapubbā, taṃ cittataṃsampayuttadhammānaṃ passaddhākāraṃ, samāhitākāraṃ, ajjhupekkhitākārañca upalakkhetvā upadhāretvā. <span class="bld">Tīsupi padesū</span>ti ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, kāyappassaddhī’’tiādinā āgatesu tīsupi vākyesu, tehi vā pakāsitesu tīsu dhammakoṭṭhāsesu. Yathāsamāhitākāraṃ sallakkhetvā gayhamāno <a name="V1.0148"></a> samatho eva samathanimittanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samathanimittanti ca samathassevetamadhivacana’’</span>nti. Nānārammaṇe paribbhamanena vividhaṃ aggaṃ etassāti byaggo, vikkhepo. Tathā hi so anavaṭṭhānaraso, bhantatāpaccupaṭṭhāno ca vutto. Ekaggatābhāvato byaggapaṭipakkhoti abyaggo, samādhi. So eva nimittanti pubbe viya vattabbaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avikkhepaṭṭhena ca tasseva abyagganimittanti adhivacana’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sarīrāvatthaṃ ñatvā mattaso paribhutto paṇītāhāro kāyalahutādīnaṃ samuṭṭhāpanena passaddhiyā paccayo hoti, tathā utusappāyaṃ, iriyāpathasappāyañca sevitaṃ, payogo ca kāyiko pavattitoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṇītabhojanasevanatā’’</span>tiādi. Payogasamatādīnaṃ abhāvena sadarathakāyacittā puggalā <span class="bld">sāraddhapuggalā</span>. Vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">passaddhakāyā puggalā</span> veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nirassādassā</span>ti bhāvanassādarahitassa. Bhāvanā hi vīthipaṭipannā pubbenāparaṃ visesavatī pavattamānā cittassa assādaṃ upasamasukhaṃ āvahati, tadabhāvato nirassādaṃ cittaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Saddhāsaṃvegavasenā</span>ti saddhāvasena, saṃvegavasena ca. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsanatā</span>ti sammadeva pahaṃsanatā saṃvejanapubbakapasāduppādanena bhāvanā cittassa tosanā. <span class="bld">Sammāpavattassā</span>ti līnuddhaccavirahena, samathavīthipaṭipattiyā ca samaṃ, savisesañca pavattiyā sammadeva pavattassa bhāvanācittassa. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhanatā</span>ti paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu abyāvaṭatā. <span class="bld">Jhānavimokkhapaccavekkhaṇatā</span>ti paṭhamādīni jhānāni paccanīkadhammehi suṭṭhu vimuttatādinā teyeva vimokkhā tesaṃ ‘‘evaṃ bhāvanā, evaṃ samāpajjanā, evaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ, evaṃ vuṭṭhānaṃ, evaṃ saṃkileso, evaṃ vodāna’’nti pati pati avekkhaṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sattamajjhattatā</span>ti <a name="M1.0159"></a> sattesu piyaṭṭhāniyesupi gahaṭṭhapabbajitesu majjhattākāro ajjhupekkhanā. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāramajjhattatā</span>ti ajjhattikesu cakkhādīsu, bāhiresu pattacīvarādīsu majjhattākāro ajjhupekkhanā. Sattasaṅkhārānaṃ mamāyanaṃ <span class="bld">sattasaṅkhārakelāyanaṃ. Imehākārehī</span>ti imehi yathāvuttehi kāyacittānaṃ passaddhākārasallakkhaṇādiākārehi ceva sappāyāhārasevanādiākārehi ca. <span class="bld">Ete dhamme</span>ti ete passaddhiādidhamme.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. <span class="bld">Paññāpayogamandatāyā</span>ti paññābyāpārassa appabhāvena. Yathā hi dānasīlāni alobhādosappadhānāni<a name="V1.0149"></a>, evaṃ bhāvanā amohappadhānā visesato appanāvahā. Tattha yadā paññā na balavatī hoti, tadā bhāvanācittassa anabhisaṅkhato viya āhāro purisassa abhiruciṃ na janeti, tena taṃ nirassādaṃ hoti. Yadā ca bhāvanā pubbenāparaṃ visesāvahā na hoti sammadeva avīthipaṭipattiyā, tadā upasamasukhassa alābhena cittaṃ nirassādaṃ hoti. Tadubhayaṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘paññāpayogamandatāyā’’tiādi. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni</span> yathārahaṃ sugatiyaṃ, duggatiyañca hontīti tadaññameva pañcavidhabandhanādikhuppipāsādiaññamaññavibādhanādihetukaṃ <span class="bld">apāyadukkhaṃ</span> daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tayidaṃ sabbaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ paccuppannabhavanissitaṃ gahitanti atīte, anāgate ca kāle vaṭṭamūlakadukkhāni visuṃ gahitāni. Ye pana sattā āhārūpajīvino, tattha ca uṭṭhānaphalūpajīvino, tesaṃ aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ jīvitadukkhaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ saṃvegavatthu vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti cittassa. <span class="bld">Alīna</span>ntiādīsu kosajjapakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ anadhimattatāya alīnaṃ. Uddhaccapakkhikānaṃ dhammānaṃ anadhimattatāya <span class="bld">anuddhataṃ</span>. Paññāpayogasampattiyā, upasamasukhādhigamena ca <span class="bld">anirassādaṃ</span>. Pubbenāparaṃ savisesaṃ tato eva ārammaṇe <span class="bld">samappavattaṃ, samathavīthipaṭipanna</span>ñca. Tattha alīnatāya paggahe, anuddhatatāya niggahe, anirassādatāya sampahaṃsane <span class="bld">na byāpāraṃ āpajjati</span>. Alīnānuddhatatāya hi ārammaṇe samappavattaṃ anirassādatāya samathavīthipaṭipannaṃ. Samappavattiyā vā alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ, samathavīthipaṭipattiyā anirassādanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammapaṭipada</span>nti jhānapaṭipattiṃ. <span class="bld">Samādhiadhimuttatā</span>ti samādhinibbattane jhānādhigame yuttappayuttatā. Sā pana yasmā samādhiṃ garuṃ katvā tattha ninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvena <a name="M1.0160"></a> pavattiyā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘samādhigarū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. Paṭiladdhe nimittasmiṃ evaṃ hi sampādayato appanākosallaṃ imaṃ appanā sampavattatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti appanā. <span class="bld">Hitvā hī</span>ti <span class="bld">hi</span>-saddo hetuattho. Yasmā <span class="bld">ṭhānametaṃ na vijjati,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">cittappavattiākāraṃ</span> bhāvanācittassa līnuddhatādivasena pavattiākāraṃ <span class="bld">sallakkhayaṃ</span> upadhārento. <span class="bld">Samataṃ vīriyasseva</span> vīriyassa samādhinā samarasataṃyeva <span class="bld">yojayetha</span>. Kathaṃ pana yojayethāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘īsakampī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">laya</span>nti līnabhāvaṃ, saṅkocanti attho. <span class="bld">Yanta</span>nti gacchantaṃ<a name="V1.0150"></a>, <span class="bld">paggaṇhetheva</span> samabhāvāyāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘accāraddhaṃ nisedhetvā samameva pavattaye’’</span>ti. Kathaṃ pana samameva pavattayeti āha <span class="bld">‘‘reṇumhī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti reṇuādīsu yathā madhukarādīnaṃ <span class="bld">pavatti</span> upamābhāvena aṭṭhakathāyaṃ <span class="bld">sammavaṇṇitā, evaṃ līnuddhatabhāvehi mocayitvā</span> vīriyasamatāyojanena <span class="bld">nimittābhimukhaṃ mānasaṃ paṭipādaye</span> paṭibhāganimittābhimukhaṃ bhāvanācittaṃ sampādeyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nimittābhimukhapaṭipādanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ ‘‘reṇumhī’’tiādinā vuttagāthādvaye. <span class="bld">Atthadīpanā</span> upamūpameyyatthavibhāvanā. <span class="bld">Acheko</span>ti akusalo. <span class="bld">Pakkhando</span>ti dhāvituṃ āraddho. Vikasanakkhaṇeyeva sarasaṃ kusumaparāgaṃ hoti, pacchā vātādīhi paripatati, virasaṃ vā hoti. Tasmā nivattane reṇu khīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khīṇe reṇumhi sampāpuṇātī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Puppharāsi</span>nti rukkhasākhāsu nissitaṃ pupphasañcayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sallakattaantevāsikesū</span>ti sallakattaācariyassa antevāsikesu. <span class="bld">Udakathālagate</span>ti udakathāliyaṃ ṭhapite. <span class="bld">Satthakamma</span>nti sirāvedhanādisatthakammaṃ. Phusitumpi uppalapattanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Samenā</span>ti purimakā viya garuṃ, mandañca payogaṃ akatvā samappamāṇena payogena. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti uppalapatte. <span class="bld">Pariyodātasippo</span>ti suvisuddhasippo nipphannasippo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Makkaṭakasutta</span>nti <a name="M1.0161"></a> lūtasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Niyāmako</span> nāvāsārathī. <span class="bld">Laṅkāra</span>nti kilañjādimayaṃ nāvākaṭasārakaṃ. <span class="bld">Telena achaḍḍento nāḷiṃ pūretī</span>ti sarāvādigatena telena achaḍḍento sukhumacchiddakaṃ telanāḷiṃ pūreti. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti yathā te ādito vuttamadhukarasallakattaantevāsisuttākaḍḍhakaniyāmakatelapūrakā vegena payogaṃ karonti, evameva yo bhikkhu ‘‘sīghaṃ appanaṃ pāpuṇissāmī’’ti gāḷhaṃ vīriyaṃ karoti, yo majjhe vuttamadhukarādayo viya vīriyaṃ na karoti, ime dvepi vīriyasamatābhāvena appanaṃ pāpuṇituṃ na sakkonti. Yo pana avasāne vuttamadhukarādayo viya samappayogo, ayaṃ appanaṃ pāpuṇituṃ sakkoti vīriyasamatāyogatoti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eko bhikkhū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Līnaṃ</span> bhāvanācittanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para69"></a><span class="paranum">69</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="V1.0151"></a> vuttappakārena. Vīriyasamatāyojanavasena vīthipaṭipannaṃ bhāvanā<span class="bld">mānasaṃ</span> paṭibhāganimitteyeva ṭhapanavasena <span class="bld">nimittābhimukhaṃ paṭipādayato assa</span> yogino. <span class="bld">Ijjhissatī</span>ti samijjhissati, uppajjissatīti attho. <span class="bld">Anuyogavasenā</span>ti bhāvanāvasena. <span class="bld">Sesānī</span>ti sesāni tīṇi, cattāri vā. <span class="bld">Pakaticittehī</span>ti pākatikehi kāmāvacaracittehi. <span class="bld">Balava…pe… cittekaggatāni</span> bhāvanābalena paṭutarasabhāvappattiyā. <span class="bld">Parikammattā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhārakattā. Yadi āsannattā upacāratā, gotrabhuno eva upacārasamaññā siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samīpacārittā vā’’</span>ti. Anaccāsannopi hi nātidūrapavattī samīpacārī nāma hoti. Appanaṃ upecca carantīti <span class="bld">upacārāni. Ito pubbe parikammāna</span>nti nānāvajjanavīthiyaṃ parikammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu parikammupacārānulomasaññitesu. <span class="bld">Sabbantima</span>nti tatiyaṃ, catutthaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Parittagottābhibhavanato</span>ti parittassa gottassa abhibhavanato. Gaṃtāyatīti hi gottaṃ, ‘‘paritta’’nti pavattamānaṃ abhidhānaṃ, buddhiñca ekaṃsikavisayatāya rakkhatīti <span class="bld">parittagottaṃ</span>. Yathā hi buddhi ārammaṇabhūtena atthena vinā na pavattati, evaṃ abhidhānaṃ abhidheyyabhūtena. Tasmā so tāni tāyati rakkhatīti vuccati. Taṃ pana mahaggatānuttaravidhuraṃ kāmataṇhāya gocarabhūtaṃ kāmāvacaradhammānaṃ āveṇikarūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Mahaggatagottepi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Bhāvanato</span>ti uppādanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Avisesena <a name="M1.0162"></a> sabbesaṃ sabbā samaññāti paṭhamanayo gahitaggahaṇaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aggahitaggahaṇenā’’</span>tiādi. Nānāvajjanaparikammameva parikammanti adhippāyena <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamaṃ vā upacāra’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Catutthaṃ appanācittaṃ, pañcamaṃ vā appanācittaṃ</span> pubbe vuttanayena sace catutthaṃ gotrabhu hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Pañcamaṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo aniyame. Svāyaṃ aniyamo iminā kāraṇenāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tañca kho khippābhiññadandhābhiññavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha khippābhiññassa catutthaṃ appeti, dandhābhiññassa pañcamaṃ. Kasmā pana catutthaṃ, pañcamaṃ vā appeti, na tato paranti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tato paraṃ javanaṃ patatī’’</span>ti. Tato pañcamato paraṃ chaṭṭhaṃ, sattamañca javanaṃ patantaṃ viya hoti parikkhīṇajavattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā aladdhāsevanaṃ paṭhamajavanaṃ dubbalattā gotrabhuṃ na uppādeti, laddhāsevanaṃ pana balavabhāvato <a name="V1.0152"></a> dutiyaṃ, tatiyaṃ vā gotrabhuṃ uppādeti, evaṃ laddhāsevanatāya balavabhāvato chaṭṭhaṃ, sattamampi appetīti therassa adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā chaṭṭhepi sattamepi appanā hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti therassa vacanaṃ. Suttasuttānulomaācariyavādehi anupatthambhitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘attanomatimatta’’</span>nti. ‘‘Purimā purimā kusalā dhammā’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.12) pana suttapadamakāraṇaṃ āsevanapaccayalābhassa balavabhāve anekantikattā. Tathā hi aladdhāsevanāpi paṭhamacetanā diṭṭhadhammavedanīyā hoti, laddhāsevanā dutiyacetanā yāva chaṭṭhacetanā aparāpariyavedanīyā. <span class="bld">Catutthapañcamesuyevā</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa yuttidassanamukhena nigamanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha yadi chaṭṭhasattamaṃ javanaṃ patitaṃ nāma hoti parikkhīṇajavattā, kathaṃ sattamajavanacetanā upapajjavedanīyā, ānantariyā ca hotīti? Nāyaṃ viseso āsevanapaccayalābhena balappattiyā. Kiñcarahi kiriyāvatthāvisesato. Kiriyāvatthā hi ārambhamajjhapariyosānavasena tividhā. Tattha ca pariyosānāvatthāya sanniṭṭhāpakacetanābhāvena upapajjavedanīyāditā hoti, na balavabhāvenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Paṭisandhiyā anantarapaccayabhāvino vipākasantānassa anantarapaccayabhāvena tathā abhisaṅkhatattāti ca vadanti. Tasmā chaṭṭhasattamānaṃ papātābhimukhatāya parikkhīṇajavatā na sakkā nivāretuṃ. Tathā hi <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hi puriso’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā</span> <a name="M1.0163"></a> <span class="bld">ca pana</span> appanā. <span class="bld">Addhānaparicchedo</span>ti kālaparicchedo. So panettha sattasu ṭhānesu katthaci aparimāṇacittakkhaṇatāya, katthaci atiittarakhaṇatāya <span class="bld">natthī</span>ti vutto. Na hettha sampuṇṇajavanavīthi addhā labbhati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ettha maggānantaraphala’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sesaṭṭhānesū</span>ti paṭhamappanā, lokiyābhiññā, maggakkhaṇo, nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa phalakkhaṇoti etesu catūsu ṭhānesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ettakena bhāvanākkamena <span class="bld">esa</span> yogāvacaro <span class="bld">paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ</span> viharatā ca <span class="bld">anena</span> tadeva <span class="bld">paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ adhigataṃ hoti pathavīkasiṇa</span>nti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ jhānapāṭhe. <span class="bld">Viviccitvā</span>ti visuṃ hutvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vinā hutvā apakkamitvā’’</span>ti, pajahanavasena apasakkitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Vivicceva kāmehī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">‘‘viviccā’’</span>ti iminā vivecanaṃ jhānakkhaṇe kāmānaṃ abhāvamattaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Viviccevā’’</span>ti pana iminā ekaṃsato kāmānaṃ vivecetabbatādīpanena tappaṭipakkhatā jhānassa, kāmavivekassa ca jhānādhigamūpāyatā <a name="V1.0153"></a> dassitā hotīti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhāna’’ntiādiṃ vatvā tamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Andhakāre sati padīpobhāso viyā’’</span>ti etena yathā padīpobhāsābhāvena rattiyaṃ andhakārābhibhavo, evaṃ jhānābhāvena sattasantatiyaṃ kāmābhibhavoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eta</span>nti pubbapadeyeva avadhāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kho pana evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ</span> ‘‘kāmehi evā’’ti avadhāraṇassa akatattā. Nissaranti niggacchanti etena, ettha vāti <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ</span>. Ke niggacchanti? Kāmā, tesaṃ kāmānaṃ nissaraṇaṃ pahānaṃ <span class="bld">tannissaraṇaṃ,</span> tato. Kathaṃ pana samāne vikkhambhane kāmānamevetaṃ nissaraṇaṃ, na byāpādādīnanti codanaṃ yuttito, āgamato ca sodhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmadhātū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmadhātusamatikkamanato</span>ti sakalassapi kāmabhavassa samatikkamapaṭipadābhāvato. Tena imassa jhānassa kāmapariññābhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Kāmarāgapaṭipakkhato</span>ti vakkhamānavibhāgassa kilesakāmassa paccatthikabhāvato. Tena yathā mettā byāpādassa, karuṇā vihiṃsāya, evamidaṃ jhānaṃ kāmarāgassa ujuvipaccanīkabhūtanti dasseti. Evamattano pavattiyā, vipākappavattiyā ca kāmarāgato, kāmadhātuto <a name="M1.0164"></a> ca vinivattasabhāvattā idaṃ jhānaṃ visesato kāmānameva nissaraṇaṃ. Svāyamattho pāṭhagato evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi. Kāmañcetamatthaṃ dīpetuṃ purimapadeyeva avadhāraṇaṃ gahitaṃ, uttarapadepi pana taṃ gahetabbameva tathā atthasambhavatoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uttarapadepī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ito</span>ti kāmacchandato. <span class="bld">Esa</span> niyamo. <span class="bld">Sādhāraṇavacanenā</span>ti avisesavacanena. Tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedappaṭipassaddhinissaraṇavivekā <span class="bld">tadaṅgavivekādayo</span>. Cittakāyaupadhivivekā <span class="bld">cittavivekādayo. Tayo eva idha</span> jhānakathāyaṃ <span class="bld">daṭṭhabbā</span> samucchedavivekādīnaṃ asambhavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niddese</span>ti mahāniddese (mahāni. 1, 7). Tattha hi ‘‘uddānato dve kāmā – vatthukāmā kilesakāmā cā’’ti uddisitvā ‘‘tattha katame vatthukāmā? Manāpiyā rūpā…pe… manāpiyā phoṭṭhabbā’’tiādinā vatthukāmā niddiṭṭhā. Te pana kāmīyantīti <span class="bld">kāmā</span>ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti niddese eva. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅge</span>ti jhānavibhaṅge (vibha. 564). Patthanākārena pavatto dubbalo lobho chandanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">chando,</span> tato balavā rañjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rāgo,</span> tatopi balavataro bahalarāgo <span class="bld">chandarāgo</span>. Nimittānubyañjanāni saṅkappeti etenāti <span class="bld">saṅkappo,</span> tathāpavatto lobho, tato balavā rañjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rāgo,</span> saṅkappanavaseneva pavatto tatopi balavataro <span class="bld">saṅkapparāgo</span>ti. Svāyaṃ <a name="V1.0154"></a> pabhedo ekasseva lobhassa pavattiākāravasena, avatthābhedavasena ca veditabbo yathā ‘‘vaccho dammo balībaddo’’ti. Ime <span class="bld">kilesakāmā</span>. Kāmentīti kāmā, kāmenti etehīti vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evañhi satī</span>ti evaṃ ubhayesampi kāmānaṃ saṅgahe sati. <span class="bld">Vatthukāmehipī</span>ti ‘‘vatthukāmehi viviccevā’’tipi attho yujjatīti evaṃ yujjamānatthantarasamuccayattho <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo, na kilesakāmasamuccayattho. Kasmā? Imasmiṃ atthe kilesakāmehi vivekassa dutiyapadena vuttattā. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti vatthukāmavivekena. <span class="bld">Kāyaviveko vutto hoti</span> puttadārādipariggahavivekadīpanato. <span class="bld">Purimenā</span>ti kāyavivekena. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti ‘‘vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehī’’ti etasmiṃ padadvaye, ito vā niddhārite vivekadvaye. Akusala-saddena yadipi <a name="M1.0165"></a> kilesakāmā, sabbākusalāpi vā gahitā, sabbathā pana kilesakāmehi viveko vuttoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dutiyena kilesakāmehi vivekavacanato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dutiyenā</span>ti ca cittavivekenāti attho. <span class="bld">Etesa</span>nti yathāvuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ padānaṃ, niddhāraṇe cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Taṇhādisaṃkilesānaṃ vatthuno pahānaṃ <span class="bld">saṃkilesavatthuppahānaṃ. Lolabhāvo</span> nāma tattha tattha rūpādīsu taṇhuppādo, tassa <span class="bld">hetu</span> vatthukāmā eva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Bālabhāvo</span> avijjā, duccintitacintitādi vā, tassa ayonisomanasikāro, sabbepi vā akusalā dhammā <span class="bld">hetu</span>. Kāmaguṇādhigamahetupi pāṇātipātādiasuddhapayogo hotīti tabbivekena <span class="bld">payogasuddhi</span> vibhāvitā. Taṇhāsaṃkilesasodhanena, vivaṭṭūpanissayasaṃvaḍḍhanena ca ajjhāsayavisodhanaṃ <span class="bld">āsayaposanaṃ. Kāmesū</span>ti niddhāraṇe bhummaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anekabhedo</span>ti kāmāsavakāmarāgasaṃyojanādivasena, rūpataṇhādivasena ca anekappabhedo. <span class="bld">Kāmacchandoyevā</span>ti kāmasabhāvoyeva chando, na kattukamyatāchando, nāpi kusalacchandoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Jhānapaṭipakkhato</span>ti jhānassa paṭipakkhabhāvato taṃhetu tannimittaṃ <span class="bld">visuṃ vutto</span>. Akusalabhāvasāmaññena aggahetvā visuṃ sarūpena gahito. Yadi kilesakāmova purimapade vutto, kathaṃ bahuvacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anekabhedato’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññesampi</span> diṭṭhimānaahirikānottappādīnaṃ, taṃsahitaphassādīnañca. Upari vuccamānāni jhānaṅgāni <span class="bld">uparijhānaṅgāni,</span> tesaṃ attano paccanīkānaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipakkhabhāvadassanato</span> tappaccanīkanīvaraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇāni hi jhānaṅgapaccanīkāni</span> tesaṃ pavattinivāraṇato. <span class="bld">Samādhi kāmacchandassa</span> <a name="V1.0155"></a> <span class="bld">paṭipakkho</span> rāgappaṇidhiyā ujuvipaccanīkabhāvato, nānārammaṇehi palobhitassa paribbhamantassa cittassa samādhānato ca. <span class="bld">Pīti byāpādassa</span> paṭipakkhā pāmojjena samānayogakkhemattā. <span class="bld">Vitakko thinamiddhassa</span> paṭipakkho yoniso saṅkappanavasena savipphārapavattito. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ</span> avūpasamānutāpasabhāvassa <span class="bld">uddhaccakukkuccassa</span> paṭipakkhaṃ vūpasantasītalasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Vicāro vicikicchāya</span> paṭipakkho ārammaṇe anumajjanavasena paññāpaṭirūpasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Mahākaccānattherena</span> desitaṃ piṭakānaṃ saṃvaṇṇanā peṭakaṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">peṭake</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇabhedavisayassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0166"></a> rūpādipañcakāmaguṇavisesavisayassa. <span class="bld">Āghātavatthubhedādivisayāna</span>nti byāpādavivekavacanena ‘‘anatthaṃ me acarī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.340; a. ni. 9.29; vibha. 960) ādiāghātavatthubhedavisayassa dosassa, mohādhikehi thinamiddhādīhi vivekavacanena paṭicchādanavasena dukkhādipubbantādibhedavisayassa mohassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto. Kāmarāgabyāpādatadekaṭṭhathinamiddhādivikkhambhakañcetaṃ sabbākusalapaṭipakkhasabhāvattā. Sabbakusalānaṃ tena sabhāvena sabbākusalappahāyakaṃ hoti, hontampi kāmarāgādivikkhambhanasabhāvameva hoti taṃsabhāvattāti avisesetvā nīvaraṇākusalamūlādīnaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. Yathāpaccayaṃ pavattamānānaṃ sabhāvadhammānaṃ natthi kāci vasavattitāti vasavattibhāvanivāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkanaṃ vitakko’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tayidaṃ ‘‘vitakkanaṃ īdisamida’’nti ārammaṇassa parikappananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ūhananti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Yasmā cittaṃ vitakkabalena ārammaṇaṃ abhiniruḷhaṃ viya hoti, tasmā so <span class="bld">ārammaṇābhiniropanalakkhaṇo</span> vutto. Yathā hi koci rājavallabhaṃ, taṃsambandhinaṃ mittaṃ vā nissāya rājagehaṃ ārohati anupavisati, evaṃ vitakkaṃ nissāya cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ ārohati. Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ avitakkaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ ārohatīti? Vitakkabaleneva. Yathā hi so puriso paricayena tena vināpi nirāsaṅko rājagehaṃ pavisati, evaṃ paricayena vitakkena vināpi avitakkaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ ārohati. <span class="bld">Paricayenā</span>ti ca santāne pavattavitakkabhāvanāsaṅkhātena paricayena. Vitakkassa hi santāne abhiṇhaṃ pavattassa vasena cittassa ārammaṇābhiruhaṇaṃ ciraparicitaṃ. Tena taṃ kadāci vitakkena vināpi tattha pavattateva. Yathā taṃ ñāṇasahitaṃ hutvā sammasanavasena ciraparicitaṃ kadāci ñāṇavirahitampi sammasanavasena pavattati, yathā vā kilesasahitaṃ hutvā pavattaṃ sabbaso <a name="V1.0156"></a> kilesarahitampi paricayena kilesavāsanāvasena pavattati, evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ādito, abhimukhaṃ vā hananaṃ <span class="bld">āhananaṃ</span>. Parito, parivattetvā vā āhananaṃ <span class="bld">pariyāhananaṃ</span>. ‘‘Rūpaṃ rūpaṃ, pathavī pathavī’’ti ākoṭentassa viya pavatti <span class="bld">‘‘āhananaṃ, pariyāhanana’’</span>nti ca veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānayanaṃ</span> cittassa ārammaṇe upanayanaṃ, ākaḍḍhanaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusañcaraṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0167"></a> anuparibbhamanaṃ. Svāyaṃ viseso santānamhi labbhamāno eva santāne pākaṭo hotīti daṭṭhabbo. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Anumajjanaṃ</span> ārammaṇe cittassa anumasanaṃ, parimajjananti attho. Tathā hi vicāro ‘‘parimajjanahattho viya, sañcaraṇahattho viyā’’ti ca vutto. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti ārammaṇe. Sahajātānaṃ anuyojanaṃ ārammaṇe anuvicāraṇasaṅkhātaanumajjanavaseneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppabandhanaṃ</span> ārammaṇe cittassa avicchinnassa viya pavatti. Tathā hi so ‘‘anusandhānatā’’ti (dha. sa. 8) niddiṭṭho. Teneva ca ‘‘ghaṇḍānuravo viya, paribbhamanaṃ viyā’’ti ca vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katthacī</span>ti paṭhamajjhāne, parittacittuppādesu ca. Vicārato <span class="bld">oḷārikaṭṭhena,</span> vicārasseva ca <span class="bld">pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena</span> anuravato oḷāriko, tassa ca pubbaṅgamo <span class="bld">ghaṇḍābhighāto viya vitakko</span>. Yathā hi ghaṇḍābhighāto paṭhamābhinipāto hoti, evaṃ ārammaṇābhimukhaniropanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vitakko cetaso paṭhamābhinipāto</span> hoti. <span class="bld">Abhighāta</span>-ggahaṇena cettha abhighātajo saddo gahitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vipphāravā</span>ti vicalanayutto saparipphando. <span class="bld">Paribbhamanaṃ viya</span> parissayābhāvavīmaṃsanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppabandhena pavattiya</span>nti upacāre vā appanāyaṃ vā santānena pavattiyaṃ. Tattha hi vitakko niccalo hutvā ārammaṇaṃ anupavisitvā viya pavattati, na paṭhamābhinipāte. <span class="bld">Pākaṭo hotī</span>ti vitakkassa viseso abhiniropanākāro oḷārikattā paṭhamajjhāne pākaṭo hoti, tadabhāvato pañcakanaye dutiyajjhāne vicārassa viseso anumajjanākāro pākaṭo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vālaṇḍupakaṃ</span> eḷakalomādīhi katacumbaṭakaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppīḷanahattho</span>ti piṇḍassa uppīḷanahattho. Tasseva ito cito ca <span class="bld">sañcaraṇahattho. Maṇḍala</span>nti kaṃsabhājanādīsu kiñci maṇḍalaṃ vaṭṭalekhaṃ karontassa. Yathā pupphaphalasākhādiavayavavinimutto avijjamānopi rukkho ‘‘sapuppho saphalo’’ti voharīyati, evaṃ vitakkādiaṅgavinimuttaṃ avijjamānampi jhānaṃ ‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’nti voharīyatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rukkho viyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Jhānabhāvanāya puggalavasena desetabbattā <a name="V1.0157"></a> ‘‘idha bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādinā puggalādhiṭṭhānena jhānāni uddiṭṭhānīti. Yadipi <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā katā, <span class="bld">attho pana tatrāpi</span> vibhaṅgepi yathā idha ‘‘iminā <a name="M1.0168"></a> ca vitakkenā’’tiādinā dhammavasena vutto, <span class="bld">evameva daṭṭhabbo,</span> paramatthato puggalasseva abhāvatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Attho…pe… daṭṭhabbo</span> jhānasamaṅgino vitakkavicārasamaṅgitādassanena, jhānasseva ca savitakkasavicāratāya vuttattāti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekā</span>ti vivekā hetubhūtāti viveka-saddassa bhāvasādhanataṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Viveke</span>ti kattusādhanataṃ, kammasādhanataṃ vā. ‘‘Vivitto’’ti hi iminā nīvaraṇehi vinābhūto tehi vivecitoti ca sādhanadvayampi saṅgahitamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para72"></a><span class="paranum">72</span>. <span class="bld">Pīṇayatī</span>ti tappeti, vaḍḍheti vā. <span class="bld">Sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā</span>ti paritussanalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Pīṇanarasā</span>ti paribrūhanarasā. <span class="bld">Pharaṇarasā</span>ti paṇītarūpehi kāyassa byāpanarasā. Udaggabhāvo <span class="bld">odagyaṃ. Khuddikā</span> lahuṃ lomahaṃsanamattaṃ katvā bhinnā na puna uppajjati. <span class="bld">Khaṇikā</span> bahulaṃ uppajjati. Ubbegato <span class="bld">pharaṇā</span> niccalattā, ciraṭṭhitikattā ca paṇītatarā. <span class="bld">Cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā</span>ti puṇṇavallikavihāre cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā diṭṭhārammaṇavasenā</span>ti pubbe mahācetiyaṃ gahitārammaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Citrageṇḍuko</span> vicitrākārena katageṇḍuko. <span class="bld">Upanissaye</span>ti samīpe, tassa vā vihārassa nissayabhūte, gocaraṭṭhānabhūteti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gharājire</span>ti gehaṅgaṇe. Pabbatasikhare katacetiyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsacetiya’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Gahitanimittenevā</span>ti cetiyavandanaṃ, dhammassavanañca uddissa ‘‘dhaññā vatime’’tiādinā gahitakusalanimitteneva kāraṇabhūtena. Gahitaṃ vā nimittaṃ etenāti gahitanimittaṃ, vuttākārena pavattacittaṃ, tena gahitanimitteneva cittena saha. <span class="bld">Pakkhanda</span>nti anupaviṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuparipphuṭa</span>nti anu anu samantato phuṭaṃ, sabbaso anuvisaṭanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Passaddhiyā nimittabhāvena <span class="bld">gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī</span>. Paripācanavasena <span class="bld">paripākaṃ gacchantī</span>. Appanāsampayuttāva pīti appanāsamādhipūrikā. Khaṇikasamādhipūrikā ca upacārasamādhipūrikā ca appanāsamādhissa vidūratarāti tadubhayaṃ anāmasanto <span class="bld">‘‘tāsu yā appanāsamādhissā’’</span>tiādimāha<a name="V1.0158"></a>. <span class="bld">Samādhisampayogaṃ gatā</span>ti pubbe upacārasamādhinā sampayuttā hutvā anukkamena vaḍḍhitvā appanāsamādhinā sampayogaṃ gatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para73"></a><span class="paranum">73</span>. Sukhayatīti <a name="M1.0169"></a> <span class="bld">sukhaṃ,</span> attanā sampayuttadhamme laddhassāde karotīti attho. Svāyaṃ kattuniddeso pariyāyaladdho dhammato aññassa kattu nivattanattho, nippariyāyena pana bhāvasādhanameva labbhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘sukhanaṃ sukha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Iṭṭhasabhāvattā taṃsamaṅgīpuggalaṃ, sampayuttadhamme vā attani sādayatīti <span class="bld">sātaṃ</span> da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Sātaṃ ‘‘madhura’’nti vadanti. Sātaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sātalakkhaṇaṃ. Upabrūhanaṃ</span> sampayuttadhammānaṃ saṃvaḍḍhanaṃ. Dukkhaṃ viya avissajjetvā adukkhamasukhā viya anajjhupekkhitvā anu anu gaṇhanaṃ, upakāritā vā <span class="bld">anuggaho. Katthaci</span> paṭhamajjhānādike. <span class="bld">Paṭilābhatuṭṭhī</span>ti paṭilābhavasena uppajjanakatuṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Paṭiladdharasānubhavana</span>nti paṭiladdhassa ārammaṇarasassa anubhavananti sabhāvato pītisukhāni vibhajitvā dasseti. <span class="bld">Yattha pīti, tattha sukha</span>nti vitakkassa viya itarena pītiyā sukhena accantasaṃyogamāha. ‘‘Yattha sukhaṃ, tattha na niyamato pītī’’ti vicārassa viya vitakkena sukhassa pītiyā anaccantasaṃyogaṃ. Tena accantānaccantasaṃyogitāya pītisukhānaṃ visesaṃ dasseti. Kaṃ tārenti etthāti <span class="bld">kantāraṃ,</span> nirudakamaruṭṭhānaṃ. Vanameva <span class="bld">vanantaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti iṭṭhārammaṇassa paṭilābhasamaye, paṭiladdhassa rasānubhavanasamaye, vanacchāyādīnaṃ savanadassanasamaye, pavesaparibhogasamaye ca. <span class="bld">Pākaṭabhāvato</span>ti yathākkamaṃ pītisukhānaṃ vibhūtabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekajaṃ pītisukha</span>nti ettha purimasmiṃ atthe <span class="bld">vivekaja</span>nti jhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Pītisukhasaddato ca atthiatthavisesato ‘‘assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne’’ti ettha <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro daṭṭhabbo. Dutiye pītisukhameva vivekajaṃ. ‘‘Vivekajaṃpītisukha’’nti ca aññapadatthasamāso, paccattaniddesassa ca alopo kato. Lope vā sati ‘‘vivekajapītisukha’’nti pāṭhoti ayaṃ viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">upa-saṃ</span>-saddā ‘‘upalabbhati, saṃbhuñjatī’’tiādīsu viya niratthakāti dassetuṃ ‘‘upagantvā’’tiādiṃ vatvā puna tesaṃ sātthakabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upasampādayitvā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, tasmā patvā, sādhetvāti vā attho. <span class="bld">Iriya</span>nti kiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vutti</span>ādīni tasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Pālanā</span>ti hi ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ iriyāpathantarehi rakkhaṇā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcaṅgavippahīnādivaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. Pañca <a name="M1.0170"></a><a name="V1.0159"></a> aṅgāni vikkhambhanavasena pahīnāni etassāti <span class="bld">pañcaṅgavippahīnaṃ</span>. ‘‘Agyāhito’’ti ettha āhita-saddassa viya vippahīna-saddassettha paravacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, pañcahi aṅgehi vippahīnanti vā <span class="bld">pañcaṅgavippahīnaṃ</span>. Nanu aññepi akusalā dhammā iminā jhānena pahīyanti, atha kasmā pañcaṅgavippahīnatāva vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Jhānalābhinopi ajhānasamaṅgikāle jhānapaṭipakkhalobhacittādīnaṃ pavattisabbhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘jhānakkhaṇe’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pahīyantī</span>ti vigacchanti, nappavattantīti attho. <span class="bld">Ekattārammaṇe</span>ti pathavīkasiṇādivasena ekasabhāve, ekaggatāsaṅkhāte ekattāvahe vā ārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ nānāvisayapalobhitaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmadhātuppahānāyā</span>ti nānāvisayasamūpabyūḷhāya kāmadhātuyā pahānāya samatikkamāya paṭipadaṃ jhānaṃ nappaṭipajjati. <span class="bld">Nirantara</span>nti vikkhepena anantaritaṃ, sahitanti attho. <span class="bld">Akammañña</span>nti akammanīyaṃ, bhāvanākammassa ayogyanti attho. <span class="bld">Uddhaccakukkuccapareta</span>nti uddhaccakukkuccena abhibhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Paribbhamati</span> anavaṭṭhānato, avaṭṭhānassa samādhānassa abhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Vicikicchāya upahata</span>nti sātisayassa vicārassa abhāvato ‘‘sammāsambuddho nu kho bhagavā, na nu kho’’ti, ‘‘pathavī pathavī’’tiādinā manasikārena, ‘‘jhānaṃ siyā nu kho, na nu kho’’tiādinā ca pavattāya vicikicchāya upahataṃ. <span class="bld">Nārohati</span> appaṭipattinimittattā. <span class="bld">Visesena jhānantarāyakarattā</span>ti samādhiādīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhāvena jhānādhigamassa antarāyakaraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tehī</span>ti jhānādhigamassa paccayabhūtehi vitakkavicārehi. <span class="bld">Avikkhepāya sampāditappayogassā</span>ti tato evaṃ samādhānāya nipphāditabhāvanāpayogassa. <span class="bld">Cetaso payogasampattisambhavā</span>ti yathāvuttabhāvanāpayogasampattisamuṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Pīti pīṇanaṃ</span> bhāvanāvasena tappanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upabrūhanaṃ</span> bhāvanāvasena parivuddhiṃ cetaso <span class="bld">karotī</span>ti sambandho. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sasesasampayuttadhamma</span>nti avasiṭṭhaphassādidhammasahitaṃ, samaṃ sammā ca ādhiyatīti sambandho. Indriyasamatāvasena <span class="bld">samaṃ,</span> paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ. Dūrībhāve līnuddhaccābhāvena <span class="bld">sammā</span> ca ṭhapetīti attho. Ekaggatā hi samādhānakiccena cittaṃ, sampayuttadhamme ca attānaṃ anuvattāpentī jhānakkhaṇe sātisayaṃ samāhite karotīti. <span class="bld">Uppattivasenā</span>ti yathāpaccayaṃ uppajjanavasena<a name="M1.0171"></a>. Etesu <a name="V1.0160"></a> vitakkādīsu jhānaṃ <span class="bld">uppannaṃ nāma</span> hoti tattheva jhānavohārato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Yathā panā’’</span>tiādināpi upamāvasena tamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakaticittato</span>ti pākatikakāmāvacaracittato. <span class="bld">Suvisadenā</span>ti suṭṭhu visadena, paṭutarenāti attho. <span class="bld">Sabbāvanta</span>nti sabbāvayavavantaṃ, anavasesanti attho. <span class="bld">Apphuṭa</span>nti asamphuṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇesu phusitā</span>ti appanāvasena pavattamānā cittekaggatā samantato ārammaṇaṃ pharantī viya hotīti katvā vuttaṃ. Kasmā panettha jhānapāṭhe aggahitā cittekaggatā gahitāti anuyogaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tattha cittekaggatā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tesu jhānaṅgesu. <span class="bld">Na niddiṭṭhā</span>ti sarūpato na niddiṭṭhā, sāmaññato pana jhānaggahaṇena gahitā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttattā</span>ti sarūpeneva vuttattā, aṅgameva cittekaggatāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Yena adhippāyenā</span>ti yena vitakkādīhi saha vattantaṃ dhammaṃ dīpetuṃ tassa pakāsanādhippāyena ‘‘savitakkaṃ savicāra’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">uddeso kato. So eva</span> adhippāyo <span class="bld">tena</span> bhagavatā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> ‘‘cittekaggatā’’ti niddisantena <span class="bld">pakāsito</span>. Tasmā sā jhānapāṭhe aggahitāti na cintetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tividhakalyāṇavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. <span class="bld">Ādimajjhapariyosānavasenā</span>ti jhānassa ādimajjhapariyosānavasena. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇavasenā</span>ti tesaṃyeva appanāyaṃ lakkhitabbabhāvavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ kalyāṇatālakkhaṇānaṃ vibhāvane. <span class="bld">Paṭipadāvisuddhī</span>ti paṭipajjati jhānaṃ etāyāti paṭipadā, gotrabhupariyosāno pubbabhāgiyo bhāvanānayo. Paripanthato visujjhanaṃ visuddhi, paṭipadāya visuddhi <span class="bld">paṭipadāvisuddhi</span>. Sā panāyaṃ yasmā jhānassa uppādakkhaṇe labbhati, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭipadāvisuddhi ādī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Upekkhānubrūhanā</span>ti visodhetabbatādīnaṃ abhāvato jhānapariyāpannāya tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccanipphattiyā anubrūhanā. Sā panāyaṃ visesato jhānassa ṭhitikkhaṇe labbhati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsanā</span>ti tattha dhammānaṃ anativattanādisādhakassa ñāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena pariyodapanā. Sā pana yasmā jhānassa osānakkhaṇe pākaṭā hoti<a name="M1.0172"></a>, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sampahaṃsanā pariyosāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇānī</span>ti paripanthato cittassa visujjhanākāro<a name="V1.0161"></a>, majjhimassa samathanimittassa paṭipajjanākāro, tattha pakkhandanākāroti imāni tīṇi jhānassa ādito uppādakkhaṇe appanāpattilakkhaṇāni tehi ākārehi vinā appanāpattiyā abhāvato, asati ca appanāya tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ādikalyāṇañceva</span> visuddhipaṭipadattā. Yathāvuttehi lakkhaṇehi samannāgatattā, sampannalakkhaṇattā ca <span class="bld">tilakkhaṇasampannañca</span>. Iminā nayena majjhapariyosānalakkhaṇānañca yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sambharīyati jhānaṃ etenāti sambhāro, nānāvajjanaparikammaṃ. Saha sambhārenāti sasambhāro, so eva <span class="bld">sasambhāriko. Upacāro</span>ti ekāvajjanūpacāramāha. Paggahādikiccassa pubbabhāge bhāvanāya eva sādhitattā yā tattha ekāvajjanūpacāre siddhā ajjhupekkhanā, sā jhānakkhaṇe paribrūhitā nāma hotīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhānubrūhanā nāma appanā’’</span>ti. Yathādhigataṃ jhānaṃ nissāya yo pahaṭṭhākāro cittassa paritoso, taṃ paccavekkhaṇāvasena pavattaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sampahaṃsanā nāma paccavekkhaṇā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eke</span>ti abhayagirivāsino. Te hi evaṃ paṭipadāvisuddhiādike vaṇṇayanti, tadayuttaṃ. Tathā hi sati ajjhānadhammehi jhānassa guṇasaṃkittanaṃ nāma kataṃ hoti. Na hi bhūmantaraṃ bhūmantarapariyāpannaṃ hoti. Pāḷiyā cetaṃ viruddhanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ekattagataṃ citta</span>nti indriyānaṃ ekarasabhāvena, ekaggatāya ca sikhāppattiyā tadanuguṇaṃ ekattaṃ gatanti ekattagataṃ, sasampayuttaṃ appanāpattacittaṃ. Tasseva paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandatādi anantarameva vuccati. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ekasmiṃyeva appanācittakkhaṇe paṭipadāvisuddhiādi pāḷiyaṃ vuttaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">āgamanavasenā</span>ti parikammāgamanavasena. <span class="bld">Anativattanādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena indriyekarasatātadupagavīriyavāhanāsevanāni saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Pariyodāpakassā</span>ti parisodhakassa pabhassarabhāvakarassa. <span class="bld">Anativattanādibhāvasādhana</span>meva cettha ñāṇassa kiccanipphatti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti tasmiṃ vāre, catupañcacittaparimāṇāya appanāvīthiyanti attho. <span class="bld">Tato</span> paripanthato. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ visujjhatī</span>ti yadipi āgamanaṃ gahetuṃ avisesena viya vuttaṃ, parikammavisuddhito pana appanāvisuddhi sātisayāva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visuddhattā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Āvaraṇavirahitaṃ hutvā</span>ti yenāvaraṇena <a name="M1.0173"></a> āvaṭattā cittaṃ tato pubbe majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjituṃ na sakkoti, tena vivittaṃ hutvā, taṃ vikkhambhetvāti attho. Līnuddhaccasaṅkhātānaṃ ubhinnaṃ antānaṃ anupagamanena majjhimo, savisesaṃ paccanīkadhammānaṃ vūpasamanato <a name="V1.0162"></a> samatho, yogino sukhavisesānaṃ kāraṇabhāvato nimittañcāti <span class="bld">majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samappavatto appanāsamādhiyevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tadanantaraṃ pana purimacitta</span>nti tassa appanācittassa anantarapaccayabhūtaṃ purimaṃ cittaṃ, gotrabhucittanti attho. <span class="bld">Ekasantatipariṇāmanayenā</span>ti yathā ‘‘tadeva khīraṃ dadhisampanna’’nti, evaṃ satipi parittamahaggatabhāvabhede, paccayapaccayuppannabhāvabhede ca ekissā eva santatiyā pariṇāmūpagamananayena ekattanayavasena. <span class="bld">Tathatta</span>nti tathabhāvaṃ appanāsamādhivasena samāhitabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ paṭipannattā</span>ti vuttākārena paṭipajjamānattā. Yasmiñhi khaṇe tathattaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, tasmiṃyeva khaṇe <span class="bld">tathattupagamanena</span> appanāsamādhinā samāhitabhāvūpagamanena <span class="bld">tattha pakkhandati nāma. Purimacitte</span>ti appanācittassa purimasmiṃ citte gotrabhucitte. <span class="bld">Vijjamānākāranipphādikā</span>ti tasmiṃ citte vijjamānānaṃ paripanthavisuddhimajjhimasamathapaṭipattipakkhandanākārānaṃ nipphādikā, tenākārena nipphajjamānāti attho. Teyeva hi ākārā paccayavisesato jhānakkhaṇe nipphajjamānā ‘‘paṭipadāvisuddhī’’ti laddhasamaññā jhānassa taṃ visesaṃ nipphādentā viya vuttā. <span class="bld">Uppādakkhaṇeyevā</span>ti attalābhavelāyameva. Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ te ākārā nipphajjantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āgamanavasenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti cittassa. ‘‘Visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhatī’’ti <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.158) puggalādhiṭṭhānena āgatāti <span class="bld">‘‘byāpāraṃ akaronto’’</span>ti āha. Samathapaṭipattitathattupagamanañca idha samathabhāvāpattiyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samathabhāvūpagamanenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kilesasaṃsaggaṃ pahāya ekattena upaṭṭhitassā</span>ti pubbe ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho kilesasaṃsaggaṃ pajaheyya’’nti paṭipannassa idāni samathapaṭipattiyā tassa pahīnattā kilesasaṅgaṇikābhāvena ekattena upaṭṭhitassa jhānacittassa. Paripanthavisuddhimajjhimasamathapaṭipattipakkhandanehi vuddhippattiyā anubrūhite jhānacitte laddhokāsā tatramajjhattupekkhā sampayuttesu samavāhitabhāvena pavattamānā te anubrūhentī viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccavasena upekkhānubrūhanā veditabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye <a name="M1.0174"></a> panete yuganaddhadhammāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ jhānacitte. Aññamaññānativattanavasena kiccakaraṇato yuge naddhā baddhā viya <span class="bld">yuganaddhā. Vimuttirasenā</span>ti vimuccanakiccena, vimuccanasampattiyā vā. <span class="bld">Esa</span> yogī. <span class="bld">Vāhayatī</span>ti pavatteti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti jhānacittassa. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ khaṇe</span>ti bhaṅgakkhaṇe. Uppādakkhaṇe atīte hi ṭhitikkhaṇato paṭṭhāya <span class="bld">āsevanā</span> <a name="V1.0163"></a> pavattati nāma. <span class="bld">Te ākārā</span>ti aññamaññānativattanādayo tattha dhammānaṃ pavattiākārā. Āsevanāpi hi āsevanapaccayabhāvīnaṃ dhammānaṃ pavattiākāroyeva. <span class="bld">Saṃkilesavodānesū</span>ti samādhipaññānaṃ samarasatāya akaraṇaṃ bhāvanāya saṃkileso, karaṇaṃ vodānaṃ. Tathā sesesupi. Evametesu saṃkilesavodānesu <span class="bld">taṃ taṃ ādīnavaṃ</span> dosaṃ <span class="bld">ānisaṃsaṃ</span> guṇaṃ puretaraṃ pāṭihāriyañāṇena <span class="bld">disvā</span> yathā aññamaññānativattanādayo honti, <span class="bld">tathā</span> bhāvanāya <span class="bld">sampahaṃsitattā</span> teneva ñāṇena <span class="bld">visodhitattā</span>. Visodhanaṃ hettha sampahaṃsanaṃ. Te ākārā yasmā nipphannā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘dhammānaṃ…pe… veditabbāti vutta’’</span>nti lakkhaṇasaṃvaṇṇanāya ādimhi vuttaṃ nigamanavasena dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Yasmā upekkhāvasena ñāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī’’ti ko sambandho. Kasmā sampahaṃsanāva pariyosānanti vuttā, na upekkhānubrūhanāti codanaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yasmā upekkhāvasena ñāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ bhāvanācitte. <span class="bld">Upekkhāvasena ñāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti appanākāle bhāvanāya samappavattiyā, paṭipakkhassa ca pahānato paggahādīsu byāpārassa akātabbato ajjhupekkhanāva hoti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘samaye cittassa ajjhupekkhanā, visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhatī’’ti ca ādi. Sā panāyaṃ ajjhupekkhanā ñāṇassa kiccasiddhiyā hoti, visesato ñāṇasādhanattā appanābyāpārassāti phalena kāraṇānumānañāyena. Yasmā upekkhāvasena ñāṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, tasmā ñāṇakiccabhūtā sampahaṃsanā pariyosānanti vuttāti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ pāḷiyā samatthetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathāpaggahitaṃ citta</span>nti yathā bhāvanācittaṃ kosajjapakkhe na patati, tathā vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyānaṃ dhammānaṃ bahulīkāravasena paggahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhatī</span>ti paggaṇhantenāpi samādhissa vīriyasamatāyojanavasena paggahitattā sakkaccaṃ ajjhupekkhati, tatramajjhattupekkhā okāsaṃ <a name="M1.0175"></a> labhati. Taṃ pana ajjhupekkhanaṃ upekkhāvasena pubbe pavattapārihāriyapaññāvasena appanāpaññāya kiccādhikatāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññāvasena paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Tassa adhimattattā eva ajjhupekkhantasseva nānāsabhāvehi nīvaraṇapamukhehi kilesehi appanā<span class="bld">cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimokkhavasena</span> vimuccanavasena. <span class="bld">Paññāvasenā</span>ti pubbe pavattapārihāriyapaññāvasena. <span class="bld">Vimuttattā</span>ti nānākilesehi vimuttattā eva. <span class="bld">Te dhammā</span> saddhādayo, visesato saddhāpaññāvīriyasamādhayo <a name="V1.0164"></a> ca <span class="bld">ekarasā</span> samānakiccā <span class="bld">honti</span>. Evamayaṃ indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā nipphajjamānā ñāṇabyāpāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇakiccabhūtā sampahaṃsanā pariyosāna’’</span>nti. Evaṃ tividhāya paṭipadāvisuddhiyā laddhavisesāya tividhāya upekkhānubrūhanāya sātisayaṃ paññindriyassa adhimuttabhāvena catubbidhāpi sampahaṃsanā sijjhatīti āgamanupekkhā ñāṇakiccavasena dasapi ākārā jhāne eva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇanānupubbatā</span>ti gaṇanānupubbatāya, gaṇanānupubbatāmattaṃ vā paṭhamanti idanti attho. Tena desanākkamaṃ ulliṅgeti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamaṃ uppannanti paṭhama’’</span>nti iminā paṭipattikkamaṃ, uppannanti hi adhigatanti attho. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ samāpajjitabbanti paṭhama’’nti idaṃ pana na ekantalakkhaṇanti <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (dha. sa. aṭṭha. 160) paṭisiddhattā idha na gahitaṃ. Ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ lakkhaṇūpanijjhānanti duvidhe jhāne idhādhippetajjhānameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇūpanijjhānato’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pathavīkasiṇasaṅkhātassa attano attano ārammaṇassa rūpaṃ viya cakkhunā upanijjhāyanato. <span class="bld">Paccanīkajhāpanato</span>ti nīvaraṇādīnaṃ paccanīkadhammānaṃ dahanato vikkhambhanavasena pajahanato. <span class="bld">Sakalaṭṭhenā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttanayena kate vā akate vā paricchijja gahite pathavībhāge pathavīmaṇḍale sakalārammaṇakaraṇaṭṭhena. Na hi tassa ekadesamārammaṇaṃ karīyati. Pathavīkasiṇasannissayatāya nimittaṃ <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘mañcā ukkuṭṭhiṃ karontī’’ti. Taṃsahacaraṇato jhānaṃ <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇaṃ</span> yathā ‘‘kuntā pacarantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ciraṭṭhitisampādanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76"></a><span class="paranum">76</span>. Lakkhaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ sarena vālaṃ vijjhatīti vālavedhī. Idha pana anekadhā bhinnassa vālassa aṃsuṃ vijjhanto ‘‘vālavedhī’’ti adhippeto. <span class="bld">Tena</span> <a name="M1.0176"></a> <span class="bld">vālavedhinā. Sūdenā</span>ti bhattakārena. <span class="bld">‘‘Ākārā pariggahetabbā’’</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sukusalo</span>ti suṭṭhu cheko. <span class="bld">Dhanuggaho</span>ti issāso. <span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti yogyaṃ. <span class="bld">Akkantapadāna</span>nti vijjhanakāle akkamanavasena pavattapadānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ākāra</span>nti dhanujiyāsarānaṃ gahitākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Pariggaṇheyyā</span>ti upadhāreyya. <span class="bld">Bhojanasappāyādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddo avuttākārānampi saṅgāhako daṭṭhabbo. Tena utubhāvanānimittādīnampi pariggaṇhanaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti tasmiṃ taruṇasamādhimhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhattāra</span>nti <a name="V1.0165"></a> sāminaṃ, bhattavetanādīhi posakanti attho. <span class="bld">Parivisanto</span>ti bhojento. Tassa ruccitvā bhuñjanākāraṃ sallakkhetvā tassa upanāmentoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Ayampi</span> yogī. <span class="bld">Adhigatakkhaṇe bhojanādayo ākāre</span>ti pubbe jhānassa adhigatakkhaṇe kiccasādhake bhojanādigate ākāre. <span class="bld">Gahetvā</span>ti pariggahetvā sallakkhetvā. <span class="bld">Naṭṭhe naṭṭhe</span> samādhimhi <span class="bld">punappunaṃ appanāya</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahānasavijjāparicayena <span class="bld">paṇḍito</span>. Tattha visadañāṇatāya <span class="bld">byatto</span>. Ṭhānuppattikakaosallayogena <span class="bld">kusalo. Nānaccayehī</span>ti nānaccayehi nānāsabhāvehi, nānārasehīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ambilaggehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sūpehī</span>ti byañjanehi. <span class="bld">Ambilaggehī</span>ti ambilakoṭṭhāsehi, ye vā ambilarasā hutvā aggabhūtā, tehi caturambilādimissehi. Esa nayo <span class="bld">tittakaggā</span>dīsupi. <span class="bld">Khārikehī</span>ti vātiṅgaṇakaḷīrādimissehi. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti ākāraṃ ruccanavasena bhuñjanākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Uggaṇhātī</span>ti uparūpari gaṇhāti upadhāreti. <span class="bld">Imassa vā</span> sūpeyyassa atthāya hatthaṃ <span class="bld">abhiharati. Abhihārāna</span>nti abhimukhena haritabbānaṃ paṇṇākārānaṃ, pūjābhihārānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ uggaṇhātī</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ me cittaṃ samāhitaṃ ahosī’’ti nimittaṃ gaṇhāti sallakkheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhiparipanthāna</span>nti samādhissa paripanthabhūtānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammāna</span>nti kāmacchandādinīvaraṇadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Suvisodhitattā</span>ti suṭṭhu visodhitattā, vikkhambhanavaseneva sammadeva pahīnattāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāmādīnavapaccavekkhaṇādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena asubhamanasikāranekkhammānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇādīni saṅgaṇhāti. Nekkhammaguṇadassanenāpi <a name="M1.0177"></a> hi tassa vibandhabhūte kāmacchande ādīnavo visesato pākaṭo hotīti. <span class="bld">Kāyaduṭṭhulla</span>nti kāyadarathaṃ sāraddhakāyataṃ. Tena kāyacittānaṃ sārambhanimittassa byāpādanīvaraṇassa na visodhanamāha. <span class="bld">Ārambhadhātumanasikārādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vīriyasambojjhaṅganimittānaṃ, ālokasaññādīnañca saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Samathanimittamanasikārādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena samādhisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhāniyānaṃ dhammānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aññepi samādhiparipanthe</span>ti vicikicchāṭṭhāniye, madamānādike ca sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Āsaya</span>nti vasanakasusiraṃ. <span class="bld">Suparisuddha</span>nti āsaṅkanīyattābhāvena suṭṭhu parisuddhaṃ. Etthāha – nanu cāyaṃ pageva kāmādīnavaṃ paccavekkhitvā samathapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno upacārakkhaṇeyeva jhānena nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāni, atha kasmā puna kāmādīnavapaccavekkhaṇādi gahitanti? Saccametaṃ. Taṃ pana pahānamattanti jhānassa ciraṭṭhitiyā atisayapahānatthaṃ puna gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhacca</span> <a name="V1.0166"></a> <span class="bld">middha</span>nti kukkuccaṃ, thinañca tadekaṭṭhatāya gahitamevāti katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suddhantagato</span>ti suparisuddhapariyantaṃ sabbaso visodhitakoṇapariyantaṃ uyyānaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Tahiṃ rame</span>ti tasmiṃ jhāne rameyya divasabhāgampi jhānasamaṅgī eva bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittabhāvanāvepullattha</span>nti samādhibhāvanāya vipulabhāvāya. Yathā hi bhāvanāvasena nimittassa uppatti, evamassa bhāvanāvaseneva vaḍḍhanampi. Tasmā ekaṅgulādivasena nimittaṃ vaḍḍhentassa punappunaṃ bahulīkārena jhānaṃ bhāvanāpi vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cittabhāvanāvepullatthañca yathāladdhaṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ vaḍḍhetabba’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti paṭibhāganimittassa.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nimittavaḍḍhananayavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para77"></a><span class="paranum">77</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti sāmiatthe bhummavacanaṃ, tassāti attho. <span class="bld">Avaḍḍhetvā</span>ti yathā kumbhakāro mattikāya pattaṃ karonto paṭhamaṃ aparicchinditvāva pattaṃ vaḍḍheti, evaṃ <span class="bld">pattavaḍḍhanayogena</span> pattavaḍḍhanayuttiyā avaḍḍhetvā pūvikassa <span class="bld">pūvavaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Bhattassa upari bhattapakkhipanaṃ <span class="bld">bhattavaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Vatthassa tintassa añchanādi <span class="bld">dussavaḍḍhanaṃ</span>. Paccekaṃ <span class="bld">yoga</span>-saddo yojetabbo. Aparicchinditvā <a name="M1.0178"></a> na vaḍḍhetabbaṃ saparicchede eva bhāvanāpavattito. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘sāntake no anantake’’ti (visuddhi. 1.55).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Haṃsapotakā</span>ti javanahaṃsapotakā. <span class="bld">Ukkūlaṃ</span> unnataṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikūlaṃ</span> ninnaṭṭhānaṃ. Nadīsotena kataṃ viduggaṃ <span class="bld">nadīviduggaṃ</span>. Visamākārena ṭhito pabbatapadeso <span class="bld">pabbatavisamo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thūlāni hutvā upaṭṭhahanti</span> paccavekkhaṇābāhullena vibhūtabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dubbalāni hutvā upaṭṭhahanti</span> paguṇabalavabhāvassa anāpādikattā. <span class="bld">Upari ussukkanāyā</span>ti bhāvanāya upari ārohanāya, dutiyajjhānādhigamāyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabbateyyā</span>ti pabbate bahulacārinī. <span class="bld">Akhettaññū</span>ti agocaraññū. Samādhiparipanthānaṃ visodhanānabhiññātāya <span class="bld">bālo</span>. Jhānassa paguṇabhāvāpādanaveyyattiyassa abhāvena <span class="bld">abyatto</span>. Uparijhānassa <a name="V1.0167"></a> padaṭṭhānabhāvānavabodhena <span class="bld">akhettaññū</span>. Sabbathāpi samāpattikosallābhāvena <span class="bld">akusalo</span>. Samādhinimittassa vā anāsevanāya <span class="bld">bālo</span>. Abhāvanāya <span class="bld">abyatto</span>. Abahulīkārena <span class="bld">akhettaññū</span>. Sammadeva anadhiṭṭhānato <span class="bld">akusalo</span>ti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhato bhaṭṭho</span>ti ubhayato jhānato bhaṭṭho. So hi appaguṇatāya na suppatiṭṭhitatāya saussāhopi vināsato, asāmatthiyato ca jhānadvayato parihīno. <span class="bld">Ciṇṇavasinā</span>ti āsevitavasinā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcavasīkathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. Vasanaṃ vasīti dhātuniddesatāya kiriyāniddesoti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vasiyo’’</span>ti, yathāruci pavattiyoti attho. Āvajjanāya vasī, āvajjanāvasena vā vasī <span class="bld">āvajjanavasī</span>. Jhānaṃ āvajjituṃ yattha yattha padese icchā <span class="bld">yatthicchakaṃ</span>. Yadā yadā, yasmiṃ yasmiṃ vā jhānaṅge icchā <span class="bld">yadicchakaṃ</span>. Yāva yāva icchā <span class="bld">yāvadicchakaṃ,</span> da-kāro padasandhikaro. <span class="bld">‘‘Yāvā’’</span>ti ca idaṃ bahūnaṃ javanavārānaṃ nirantaraṃ viya tathāpavattanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, na ekameva. So hi paricchinnacittakkhaṇoti. <span class="bld">Āvajjanāya dandhāyitattaṃ natthī</span>ti vuttanayena yattha katthaci ṭhāne yadā yadā <a name="M1.0179"></a> yaṃ kiñci jhānaṅgaṃ āvajjentassa yathicchitaṃ kālaṃ āvajjanāya āvajjanappavattiyā dandhāyitattaṃ vitthāyitattaṃ, cirāyitattaṃ vā natthi. Evaṃ āvajjanavasī siddhā nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Sesā</span>ti vuṭṭhānaadhiṭṭhānapaccavekkhaṇāvasiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aṅgasamudāyabhāvato jhānassa jhāne āvajjanavasiṃ nipphādetukāmena paṭipāṭiyā jhānaṅgāni āvajjetabbānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamaṃ vitakkaṃ āvajjayato’’</span>ti. Yadipi āvajjanamevettha icchitaṃ āvajjanavasiyā adhippetattā, āvajjanāya pana uppannāya javanehi bhavitabbaṃ. Tāni ca kho āvajjanatapparatāya cittābhinīhārassa yathāvajjitajhānaṅgārammaṇāni katipayāneva honti, na paripuṇṇānīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkārammaṇāneva cattāri pañca vā javanāni javantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cattāri</span> tikkhindriyassa. <span class="bld">Pañca</span> nātitikkhindriyassāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirantara</span>nti visabhāgehi nirantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ panā</span>ti bhavaṅgadvayantaritā catujavanacittā yathāvuttā <span class="bld">āvajjanavasī. Aññesaṃ vā</span> dhammasenāpatiādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Evarūpe kāle</span>ti uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya lahutaraṃ āvajjanavasīnibbattanakāle. Sā ca kho ittarā parittakālā, na satthu yamakamahāpāṭihāriye viya <a name="V1.0168"></a> ciratarappabandhavatī. Tathā hi taṃ sāvakehi asādhāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Adhigamena samaṃ sasampayuttassa jhānassa sammā āpajjanaṃ paṭipajjanaṃ <span class="bld">samāpajjanaṃ,</span> jhānasamaṅgitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sīgha</span>nti ettha samāpajjitukāmatānantaraṃ dvīsu bhavaṅgesu uppannesu bhavaṅgaṃ upacchinditvā uppannāvajjanānantaraṃ samāpajjanaṃ sīghaṃ <span class="bld">samāpajjanasamatthatā</span>. Ayañca matthakappattā <span class="bld">samāpajjanavasī</span> satthu dhammadesanāyaṃ labbhati. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘so kho ahaṃ, aggivessana, tassā eva kathāya pariyosāne tasmiṃyeva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṃ karomi samādahāmi yenassudaṃ niccakappaṃ viharāmī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.387). Ito sīghatarā hi samāpajjanavasī nāma natthi. Juṇhāya rattiyā navoropitehi kesehi kapotakandarāyaṃ viharantassa āyasmato sāriputtassa yakkhena mahantampi pabbatakūṭaṃ padāletuṃ samatthe pahāre sīse dinne samāpajjanampettha nidassetabbaṃ. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘tadā thero tassa paharaṇasamaye samāpattiṃ appesī’’ti (visuddhi. 2.374). <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘aññataraṃ samādhiṃ samāpajjitvā nisinno’’ti (udā. 34) vuttaṃ. Ime pana therā <a name="M1.0180"></a> ‘‘samāpattito vuṭṭhānasamakālaṃ tena pahāro dinno’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accharāmatta</span>nti aṅguliphoṭamattaṃ <span class="bld">khaṇaṃ. Ṭhapetu</span>nti setu viya sīghasotāya nadiyā oghaṃ vegena pavattituṃ adatvā yathāvuttakkhaṇaṃ jhānaṃ <span class="bld">ṭhapetuṃ samatthatā</span>. Abhibhuyya ṭhapanaṃ, adhiṭṭhānaṃ viyāti vā adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha vasī <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānavasī. Tatheva lahuṃ vuṭṭhātu</span>nti accharāmattaṃ vā dasaccharāmattaṃ vā lahuṃ khaṇaṃ jhānasamaṅgī hutvā jhānato vuṭṭhātuṃ samatthatā. Bhavaṅgacittuppattiyeva hettha jhānato vuṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Ettha ca yathā ‘‘ettakameva khaṇaṃ jhānaṃ ṭhapessāmī’’ti pubbaparikammavasena adhiṭṭhānasamatthatā <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānavasī,</span> evaṃ ‘‘ettakameva khaṇaṃ jhānasamaṅgī hutvā jhānato vuṭṭhahissāmī’’ti pubbaparikammavasena vuṭṭhānasamatthatā <span class="bld">vuṭṭhānavasī</span> veditabbā, yā samāpatti ‘‘vuṭṭhānakusalatā’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Tadubhayadassanattha</span>nti adhiṭṭhānavuṭṭhānavasīdassanatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ nimmitapabbate tassa vivare. Kiñcāpi ekaṃyeva taṃ abhiññācittaṃ yena pabbataṃ nimmineyya, abhiññāpādakassa pana jhānassa lahutaraṃ ṭhapanaṃ, vuṭṭhānañca idha nidassitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Ettakā iddhimantā ekaṃ upaṭṭhākaṃ garuḷato rakkhituṃ na sakkhiṃsū’’ti gārayhā assāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvajjanānantarānī</span>ti <a name="V1.0169"></a> āvajjanavasībhāvāya yathākkamaṃ vitakkādīnaṃ jhānaṅgānaṃ āvajjanāya parato yāni javanāni pavattāni, tāni tesaṃ paccavekkhaṇāni. Yadaggena āvajjanavasīsiddhi, tadaggena paccavekkhaṇāvasīsiddhi veditabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Dutiyajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para79"></a><span class="paranum">79</span>. Nīvaraṇappahānassa tappaṭhamatāya <span class="bld">āsannanīvaraṇapaccatthikā</span>. Thūlaṃ nāma vipulampi pheggu viya sukhabhañjanīyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikattā aṅgadubbalā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Santato manasi karitvā</span>ti paṭhamajjhānaṃ viya anoḷārikaṅgattā, santadhammasamaṅgitāya ca ‘‘santa’’nti manasi katvā. Ye hi dhammā dutiyajjhāne pītisukhādayo, kāmaṃ te paṭhamajjhānepi santi, tehi pana te santatarā ceva paṇītatarā ca bhavantīti. <span class="bld">Nikanti</span>nti nikāmanaṃ, apekkhanti <a name="M1.0181"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Pariyādāyā</span>ti khepetvā. <span class="bld">Cattāri pañcā</span>ti vā-saddo luttaniddiṭṭho. Dutiyajjhānaṃ etassa atthīti dutiyajjhānikaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārānevā</span>ti paṭhamajjhāne vuttappakārāniyeva, parikammādināmakānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. <span class="bld">Vūpasamā</span>ti vūpasamahetu, <span class="bld">vūpasamo</span>ti cettha pahānaṃ adhippetaṃ, tañca vitakkavicārānaṃ. Atikkamo atthato dutiyajjhānakkhaṇe anuppādoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samatikkamā’’</span>tiādi. Katamesaṃ panettha vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo adhippeto, kiṃ paṭhamajjhānikānaṃ, udāhu dutiyajjhānikānanti. Kiñcettha yadi paṭhamajjhānikānaṃ, natthi tesaṃ vūpasamo. Na hi kadāci paṭhamajjhānaṃ vitakkavicārarahitaṃ atthi. Atha dutiyajjhānikānaṃ, evampi nattheva vūpasamo, sabbena sabbaṃ tesaṃ tattha abhāvatoti? Vuccate – yehi vitakkavicārehi paṭhamajjhānassa oḷārikatā, tesaṃ samatikkamā dutiyassa jhānassa samadhigamo, na sabhāvato anoḷārikānaṃ phassādīnaṃ samatikkamāti ayamattho ‘‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti etena dīpito. Tasmā ‘‘kiṃ paṭhamajjhānikānaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo idhādhippeto, udāhu dutiyajjhānikāna’’nti edisī codanā anokāsāva. Yasmā diṭṭhādīnavassa taṃtaṃjhānakkhaṇe anuppattidhammatāpādanaṃ vūpasamanaṃ adhippetaṃ. Vitakkādayo eva jhānaṅgabhūtā tathā karīyanti, na taṃsampayuttā phassādayo, tasmā vitakkādīnaṃyeva vūpasamādivacanaṃ ñāyāgataṃ. Yasmā pana vitakkādīnaṃ viya taṃsampayuttadhammānampi etena ‘‘etaṃ oḷārika’’nti ādīnavadassanaṃ sutte āgataṃ, tasmā avisesena <a name="V1.0170"></a> vitakkādīnaṃ, taṃsahagatānañca vūpasamādike vattabbe vitakkādīnaṃyeva vūpasamo vuccamāno adhikavacanaṃ aññaṃ atthaṃ bodhetīti katvā kiñci visesaṃ dīpetīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘oḷārikassa panā’’</span>tiādi gahitanti idha ‘‘yehi vitakkavicārehī’’tiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Pītiyā ca virāgā’’tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Tasmā vitakkavicārapītisukhasamatikkamavacanāni oḷārikoḷārikaṅgasamatikkamā dutiyādiadhigamadīpakānīti tesaṃ ekadesabhūtaṃ vitakkavicārasamatikkamavacanaṃ taṃdīpakaṃ vuttaṃ. Visuṃ visuṃ ṭhitepi hi vitakkavicārasamatikkamavacanādike paheyyaṅganiddesatāsāmaññena cittena samūhato gahite vitakkavicāravūpasamavacanassa tadekadesatā daṭṭhabbā. Ayañca attho <a name="M1.0182"></a> avayavena samudāyopalakkhaṇanayena vutto. Atha vā vitakkavicāravūpasamavacaneneva taṃsamatikkamā dutiyādhigamadīpakena pītivirāgādivacanānaṃ pītiādisamatikkamā tatiyādiadhigamadīpakatā dīpitā hotīti tassa taṃdīpakatā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niyakajjhattamadhippetaṃ</span> na ajjhattajjhattādi. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘vibhaṅge panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viyā</span>ti nīlayogato vatthaṃ nīlaṃ viyāti adhippāyo. Yena sampasādanena yogā jhānaṃ <span class="bld">sampasādanaṃ</span>. Tasmiṃ dassite ‘‘sampasādanaṃ jhāna’’nti samānādhikaraṇaniddeseneva taṃyogā jhāne taṃsaddappavatti dassitāti avirodho yutto. Ekodibhāve kathanti ekodimhi dassite ekodibhāvaṃ jhānanti samānādhikaraṇaniddeseneva jhānassa ekodivaḍḍhanatā vuttā hotīti ce? ‘‘Ekodibhāva’’nti padaṃ uddharitvā ekodissa niddeso na kātabbo siyāti ekodibhāvasaddo eva samādhimhi pavatto sampasādanasaddo viya jhāne pavattatīti yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Imasmiñca atthavikappe</span>ti ‘‘cetaso sampasādayatī’’ti etasmiṃ pakkhe ‘‘cetaso’’ti ca upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimasmi</span>nti ‘‘sampasādanayogato jhānaṃ sampasādana’’nti vuttapakkhe. <span class="bld">Cetaso</span>ti sambandhe sāmivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Seṭṭhopi loke ‘‘eko’’ti vuccati</span> ‘‘yāva pare ekāhaṃ te karomī’’tiādīsu. Eko adutiyo ‘‘ekākībhi khuddakehi jita’’ntiādīsu asahāyatthopi eka-saddo diṭṭhoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘eko asahāyo hutvā’’</span>ti. Saddhādayopi kāmaṃ sampayuttadhammānaṃ sādhāraṇato, asādhāraṇato ca paccayā hontiyeva, samādhi pana jhānakkhaṇe sampayuttadhammānaṃ avikkhepalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhakaraṇena sātisayaṃ paccayo hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sampayuttadhamme…pe… adhivacana’’</span>nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sampasādanaṃ<a name="V1.0171"></a>, cetaso ekodibhāva’’nti visesanadvayaṃ jhānassa atisayavacanicchāvasena gahitaṃ. Svāyamatisayo yathā imasmiṃ jhāne labbhati, na tathā paṭhamajjhāneti imaṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nanu cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Ārammaṇe āhananapariyāhananavasena, anumajjanaanuyojanavasena ca pavattamānā dhammā satipi nīvaraṇappahānena kilesakālussiyāpagame <a name="M1.0183"></a> sampayuttānaṃ kañci khobhaṃ karontā viya tehi ca te na sannisinnā hontīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkavicārakkhobhena na suppasanna’’</span>nti. Khuddikā ūmiyo <span class="bld">vīciyo</span>. Mahatiyo <span class="bld">taraṅgā</span>. Satipi indriyasamatte, vīriyasamatāya ca teneva khobhena, sampasādābhāvena ca <span class="bld">samādhipi na suṭṭhu pākaṭo</span> bahale viya jale maccho. Yathāvuttakkhobho eva <span class="bld">palibodho. Evaṃ vuttenā</span>ti yassā saddhāya vasena sampasādanaṃ, yassā ca cittekaggatāya vasena ekodibhāvanti ca jhānaṃ vuttaṃ. Tāsaṃ eva ‘‘saddahanā’’tiādinā pavattiākārassa visesavibhāvanāvasena vuttena. <span class="bld">Tena</span> vibhaṅgapāṭhena. ‘‘Sampasādanayogato, sampasādanato vā sampasādanaṃ, ekodiṃ bhāvetīti ekodibhāvanti jhānaṃ vutta’’nti evaṃ pavattā <span class="bld">ayaṃ atthavaṇṇanā na virujjhati</span>. Yathā pana avirodho, so vutto eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. <span class="bld">Santā</span>ti samaṃ nirodhaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Samitā</span>ti bhāvanāya samaṃ gamitā nirodhitā. <span class="bld">Vūpasantā</span>ti tato eva suṭṭhu upasantā. <span class="bld">Atthaṅgatā</span>ti atthaṃ vināsaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Abbhatthaṅgatā</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Appitā</span>ti vināsaṃ gamitā. <span class="bld">Sositā</span>ti pavattisaṅkhātassa santānassa abhāvena sosaṃ sukkhabhāvaṃ itā. <span class="bld">Byantikatā</span>ti vigatantakatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayamattho</span>ti bhāvanāya pahīnattā vitakkavicārānaṃ abhāvo. Codakena vuttamatthaṃ sampaṭicchitvā pariharituṃ ‘‘evametaṃ siddhovāyamattho’’ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘na paneta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">eta</span>nti ‘‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti etaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadatthadīpaka</span>nti tassa vitakkavicārābhāvamattasaṅkhātassa atthassa dīpakaṃ. Ayañhettha attho – dutiyajjhānādiadhigamūpāyadīpakena ajjhattasampasādanatāya, cetaso ekodibhāvatāya ca hetudīpakena, avitakkaavicārabhāvahetudīpakena ca vitakkavicāravūpasamavacaneneva vitakkavicārābhāvo dīpitoti kiṃ puna avitakkaavicāravacanena katenāti? Na, adīpitattā. Na hi vitakkavicāravūpasamavacanena vitakkavicārānaṃ appavatti vuttā hoti. Vitakkavicāresu hi taṇhāppahānaṃ etesaṃ vūpasamanaṃ, ye ca saṅkhāresu taṇhāppahānaṃ karonti, tesu maggesu, pahīnataṇhesu <a name="V1.0172"></a> ca phalesu saṅkhārapavatti hoti eva<a name="M1.0184"></a>, evamevidhāpi vikkhambhitavitakkavicārataṇhassa dutiyajjhānassa vitakkavicārasampayogo purimena na nivārito siyāti taṃnivāraṇatthaṃ, āvajjitukāmatādiatikkamova tesaṃ vūpasamoti dassanatthañca <span class="bld">‘‘avitakkaṃ avicāra’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭhamampī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ jhānampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dutiyaṃ uppannantipi dutiya’’nti vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. <span class="bld">Na tathā imassa vitakkavicārā</span>ti yathā paṭhamajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇe nīvaraṇāni pahīyanti, tathā imassa dutiyajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇe vitakkavicārā na pahīyanti asaṃkiliṭṭhasabhāvattā, upacārabhāvanāya ca te pahātuṃ asamatthabhāvato. Yadipi tāya tesu taṇhā pahīyati, na pana savisesaṃ. Savisesañhi tattha taṇhāppahānaṃ appanāya eva hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appanākkhaṇeyevā’’</span>tiādi. Pahānaṅgatāpi atisayappahānavaseneva veditabbā yathā nīvaraṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānassa. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā tivaṅgamevetaṃ jhānaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti vibhaṅge vacanaṃ. Rathassa paṇḍukambalaṃ viya sampasādo jhānassa parikkhāro, na jhānaṅganti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saparikkhāraṃ jhānaṃ dassetu’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tatiyajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para82"></a><span class="paranum">82</span>. <span class="bld">Uppilāvita</span>nti kāmañcāyaṃ pariggahesu apariccattapemassa anādīnavadassino taṇhāsahagatāya pītiyā pavattiākāro, idha pana dutiyajjhānapīti adhippetā. Tathāpi sabbaso pītiyaṃ avirattaṃ, sāpi anubandheyyāti vuttaṃ. Uppilāvitaṃ viyāti vā <span class="bld">uppilāvitaṃ</span>. Ādīnavaṃ hi tattha pākaṭataraṃ katvā dassetuṃ evaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para83"></a><span class="paranum">83</span>. Virajjanaṃ <span class="bld">virāgo</span>. Taṃ pana virajjanaṃ nibbindanamukhena hīḷanaṃ vā tappaṭibaddharāgappahānaṃ vāti tadubhayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttappakārāya pītiyā jigucchanaṃ vā samatikkamo vā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Vuttappakārāyā</span>ti ‘‘yadeva tattha pītī’’tiādinā vuttappakārāya. <span class="bld">Sampiṇḍanaṃ</span> samuccayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti upāyo. <span class="bld">Tadadhigamāyā</span>ti tatiyamaggādhigamāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. <span class="bld">Upapattito</span>ti <a name="V1.0173"></a> samavāhitabhāvena patirūpato. Jhānupekkhāpi samavāhitameva antonītaṃ katvā pavattatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘samaṃ passatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Visadāyā</span>ti <a name="M1.0185"></a> paribyattāya saṃkilesavigamena. <span class="bld">Vipulāyā</span>ti mahatiyā sātisayaṃ mahaggatabhāvappattiyā. <span class="bld">Thāmagatāyā</span>ti pītivigamena thirabhāvappattāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parisuddhapakati</span> khīṇāsavapakati nikkilesatā. Sattesu kammassakatādassanahetuko samabhāvadassanākāro majjhattākāro <span class="bld">brahmavihārupekkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahajātadhammāna</span>nti niddhāraṇe sāmivacanaṃ. Samappavattiyā bhāvanāya vīthipaṭipannāya alīnānuddhatā nirassādatāya paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu byāpārābhāvato sampayuttadhammesu majjhattākārabhūtā <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgupekkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhānimitta</span>nti ettha līnuddhaccapakkhapātarahitaṃ majjhattaṃ vīriyaṃ upekkhā. Tadeva taṃ ākāraṃ gahetvā pavattetabbassa tādisassa vīriyassa nimittabhāvato upekkhānimittaṃ bhāvanāya samappavattikāle upekkhīyatīti upekkhā, vīriyameva upekkhā <span class="bld">vīriyupekkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilābhatthāya nīvaraṇe…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiṃ paṭilābhatthāya ākiñcaññāyatanasaññaṃ paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.57) evamāgatā imā <span class="bld">aṭṭha samādhivasena uppajjanti</span>. ‘‘Sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya uppādaṃ pavattaṃ nimittaṃ āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gatiṃ nibbattiṃ upapattiṃ jātiṃ jaraṃ byādhiṃ maraṇaṃ sokaṃ paridevaṃ upāyāsaṃ. Sotāpattiphalasamāpattatthāya uppādaṃ pavattaṃ…pe… arahattamaggaṃ paṭilābhatthāya uppādaṃ…pe… upāyāsaṃ…pe… arahattaphalasamāpattatthāya suññatāvihārasamāpattatthāya animittavihārasamāpattatthāya uppādaṃ pavattaṃ nimittaṃ āyūhanaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gatiṃ nibbattiṃ upapattiṃ jātiṃ jaraṃ byādhiṃ maraṇaṃ sokaṃ paridevaṃ upāyāsaṃ paṭisaṅkhā santiṭṭhanā paññā saṅkhārupekkhāsu ñāṇa’’nti evamāgatā imā <span class="bld">dasa vipassanāvasena uppajjanti</span>. Ettha ca paṭhamajjhānādīhi vikkhambhitāni nīvaraṇavitakkavicārādīni paṭisaṅkhāya sabhāvato upaparikkhitvā sanniṭṭhānavasena tiṭṭhamānā <span class="bld">nīvaraṇādipaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanā</span> diṭṭhādīnavattā tesaṃ <span class="bld">gahaṇe</span> uppādane ajjhupekkhantī vipassanāpaññā gahaṇe <span class="bld">majjhattabhūtā upekkhā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0186"></a><a name="V1.0174"></a> <span class="bld">uppāda</span>nti purimakammapaccayā khandhānaṃ idha uppattimāha. <span class="bld">Pavatta</span>nti tathāuppannassa pavattiṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti sabbampi tebhūmakasaṅkhāragataṃ nimittabhāvena upaṭṭhānato. <span class="bld">Āyūhana</span>nti āyatiṃ paṭisandhihetubhūtaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisandhi</span>nti āyatiṃ uppattiṃ. <span class="bld">Gati</span>nti yāya gatiyā sā paṭisandhi hoti. <span class="bld">Nibbatti</span>nti khandhānaṃ nibbattanaṃ. <span class="bld">Upapatti</span>nti ‘‘samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.72) ettha ‘‘upapannassā’’ti vuttavipākappavattiṃ. <span class="bld">Jāti</span>nti jarādīnaṃ paccayabhūtaṃ bhavapaccayā jātiṃ. <span class="bld">Jarābyādhimaraṇā</span>dayo pākaṭā eva. Ettha ca uppādādayo pañceva saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇassa visayavasena vuttā, sesā tesaṃ vevacanavasena. ‘‘Nibbatti, jātī’’ti idañhi dvayaṃ uppādassa ceva paṭisandhiyā ca vevacanaṃ, ‘‘gati, upapatti cā’’ti idaṃ dvayaṃ pavattassa, jarādayo nimittassāti veditabbaṃ. Appaṇihitavimokkhavasena magguppattihetubhūtā catasso, tathā phalasamāpattiyā catasso, suññatavihāraanimittavihāravasena dveti dasa saṅkhārupekkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā</span>ti vipassanāpaññā. <span class="bld">Yadatthī</span>ti yaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇattayaṃ upalabbhati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ bhūta</span>nti yaṃ paccayanibbattattā bhūtaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ pajahatī</span>ti aniccānupassanādīhi niccasaññādayo pajahanto sammadeva diṭṭhādīnavattā tappaṭibaddhacchandarāgappahānena pajahati, yathā āyatiṃ ādānaṃ na hoti, tathā paṭipattiyā pajahati. Tathābhūto ca tattha <span class="bld">upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Vicinane</span>ti aniccādivasena sammasanepi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sampayuttadhammānaṃ samappavattihetutāya <span class="bld">samavāhitabhūtā</span>. Nīvaraṇavitakkavicārādisabbapaccanīkehi vimuttattā <span class="bld">sabbapaccanīkaparisuddhā</span>. Tesaṃ vūpasantattā <span class="bld">paccanīkavūpasamanepi abyāpārabhūtā</span> abyāpārabhāvena pavattā, abyāpārataṃ vā pattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi atthato ekā, kathamayaṃ bhedoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tena tenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā satipi sabhāvato abhede yehi pana paccayavisesehi svāyamimāsaṃ avatthābhedo, tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ appavattito na tāsaṃ abhedo, ekajjhaṃ vā pavatti, tasmā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekībhāvo</span>ti <a name="M1.0187"></a> ekatā. Satipi majjhattābhāvasāmaññe visayabhedena panassā bhedo. Yamatthaṃ <a name="V1.0175"></a> sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘kiccavasena dvidhā bhinnā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, taṃ vitthārato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vipassanupekkhā</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ, taṃ pajahati, upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.71; a. ni. 7.55). Tattha <span class="bld">yadatthi yaṃ bhūta</span>nti khandhapañcakaṃ, taṃ muñcitukamyatāñāṇena pajahati. Diṭṭhasovattikattayassa sabbalakkhaṇavicinane viya diṭṭhalakkhaṇattayassa bhūtassa saṅkhāralakkhaṇavicinane upekkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Saṅkhārānaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇassa sudiṭṭhattā tesaṃ vicinane majjhattabhūtāya <span class="bld">vipassanupekkhāya siddhāya</span> tathā diṭṭhādīnavānaṃ tesaṃ gahaṇepi ajjhupekkhanā <span class="bld">siddhāva hoti,</span> sabbaso visaṅkhāraninnattā ajjhāsayassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anābhogarasā</span>ti paṇītasukhepi tasmiṃ avanatipaṭipakkhakiccāti attho. <span class="bld">Abyāpārapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti satipi sukhapāramippattiyaṃ tasmiṃ sukhe abyāvaṭā hutvā paccupatiṭṭhati, sampayuttānaṃ vā tattha abyāpāraṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti attho. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ khobhaṃ, uppilavañca āvahantehi vitakkādīhi abhibhūtattā <span class="bld">aparibyattaṃ. Tattha</span> tatramajjhattatāya <span class="bld">kiccaṃ</span>. Tadabhāvato <span class="bld">idha paribyattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ‘‘upekkhako ca viharatī’’ti etassa</p>
<p class="centered">Sabbaso atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Saratīti sato’’</span>ti padassa kattusādhanatamāha. <span class="bld">Sampajānātī</span>ti sammadeva pajānāti. Saraṇaṃ cintanaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ lakkhaṇametissāti <span class="bld">saraṇalakkhaṇā</span>. Sammussanapaṭipakkho asammussanaṃ, taṃ kiccaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">asammussanarasā</span>. Kilesehi ārakkhā hutvā paccupatiṭṭhati, tato vā ārakkhaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Asammuyhanaṃ sammadeva pajānanaṃ, sammohapaṭipakkho vā <span class="bld">asammoho. Tīraṇaṃ</span> kiccassa pāragamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavicayo</span> vīmaṃsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ upacārajjhānādīni upādāya paṭhamadutiyajjhānānipi sukhumāneva, imaṃ pana uparijhānaṃ upādāya <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikattā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sā ca oḷārikatā vitakkādithūlaṅgatāya veditabbā. Keci ‘‘bahucetasikatāyā’’ti ca vadanti<a name="M1.0188"></a>. <span class="bld">Gati sukhā hoti</span> tattha jhānesūti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Abyattaṃ tattha satisampajaññakiccaṃ</span> ‘‘idaṃ nāma dukkaraṃ karīyatī’’ti vattabbassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Oḷārikaṅgappahānena sukhumattā</span>ti ayamattho kāmaṃ dutiyajjhānepi sambhavati, tathāpi yebhuyyena <a name="V1.0176"></a> avippayogībhāvena vattamānesu pītisukhesu pītisaṅkhātassa oḷārikaṅgassa pahānena sukhumatāya idha sātisayo satisampajaññabyāpāroti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘purisassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Punadeva pītiṃ upagaccheyyā</span>ti hānabhāgiyaṃ jhānaṃ siyā dutiyajjhānameva sampajjeyyāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pītisampayuttameva siyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Idañca atimadhuraṃ sukha’’</span>nti tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ sandhāyāha. Atimadhuratā cassa pahāsodagyasabhāvāya pītiyā abhāveneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘sato, sampajāno’’ti padadvayaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā etamatthaṃ dassento</span>ti yasmā tassa jhānasamaṅgino yaṃ nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃ so paṭisaṃvedeyya. <span class="bld">Yaṃ vā ta</span>nti atha vā yaṃ taṃ yathāvuttaṃ <span class="bld">nāmakāyasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ. Taṃsamuṭṭhānena</span> tato samuṭṭhitena <span class="bld">atipaṇītena rūpena assa</span> jhānasamaṅgino <span class="bld">rūpakāyo yasmā phuṭo. Yassa</span> rūpakāyassa <span class="bld">phuṭattā jhānā vuṭṭhitopi</span> jhānasamaṅgī kāyikaṃ <span class="bld">sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya</span>. Tasmā <span class="bld">etaṃ</span> cetasikakāyikasukhapaṭisaṃvedanasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">atthaṃ</span> dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetīti āhā’’</span>ti yojanā. Ayañhettha saṅkhepattho – nāmakāyena cetasikasukhaṃ, kāyikasukhaheturūpasamuṭṭhāpanena kāyikasukhañca jhānasamaṅgī paṭisaṃvedetīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Phuṭattā</span>ti byāpitattāti attho. Yathā hi udakena phuṭasarīrassa tādise nātipaccanīke vātādiphoṭṭhabbe phuṭe sukhaṃ uppajjati, evametehi phuṭasarīrassāti. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti ettha kathamābhogena vinā sukhapaṭisaṃvedanāti codanāyaṃ ‘‘kiñcāpi…pe… evaṃ santepī’’ti. Yasmā tassa nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, tasmā sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetīti yojanā. Idāni sahāpi ābhogena sukhapaṭisaṃvedanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā ta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para86"></a><span class="paranum">86</span>. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti hetuatthe nipāto, yasmāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃjhānahetū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ācikkhantī’’</span>tiādīni padāni kittanatthānīti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pasaṃsantīti adhippāyo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kintī</span>ti pasaṃsanākārapucchā. Edisesu <a name="M1.0189"></a> ṭhānesu satiggahaṇeneva sampajaññampi gahitaṃ hotīti idha pāḷiyaṃ satiyā eva gahitattā evaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitāya <span class="bld">‘‘satimā’’</span> icceva vuttaṃ, ‘‘sampajāno’’ti heṭṭhā vuttattā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Jhānakkhaṇe cetasikasukhameva labbhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘sukhaṃ nāmakāyena paṭisaṃvedetī’’</span>ti ca vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatiyanti</span> <a name="V1.0177"></a> <span class="bld">gaṇanānupubbatā</span>ti ito paṭṭhāya dutiyatatiyajjhānakathāhi aviseso, viseso ca vuttoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catutthajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. Idāni nibbattitavisesaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Āsevanapaccayena paccayo na hoti, aniṭṭhe ṭhāne padantarasaṅgahitassa āsevanapaccayattābhāvato. <span class="bld">Adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya uppajjitabbaṃ</span> sātisayaṃ sukhavirāgabhāvanābhāvato. <span class="bld">Tānī</span>ti appanāvīthiyaṃ javanāni sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88"></a><span class="paranum">88</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Pubbevā’’</span>ti vuttattā kadā pana tesaṃ pahānaṃ hotīti codanāyaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇe’’</span>ti. Evaṃ veditabbanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Pahānakkamo</span> nāma pahāyakadhammānaṃ uppattipaṭipāṭi. Tena pana vuccamāne ‘‘dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ sukhaṃ somanassa’’nti vattabbaṃ siyā. Kasmā ito aññathā vacananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘indriyavibhaṅge’’</span>tiādi. Atha kasmā jhānesveva nirodho vuttoti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kattha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriya</span>nti attano paccayehi uppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Kattha ca aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī</span>ti nirodhaṭṭhānaṃ pucchati. Tena <span class="bld">‘‘katthā’’</span>ti pucchāyaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘etthā’’</span>ti vissajjanepi hetumhi bhummavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Jhānānubhāvanimittaṃ hi anuppajjantaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Atisayanirodho</span> suṭṭhu pahānaṃ ujupaṭipakkhena vūpasamo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānāvajjane</span>ti yena āvajjanena appanāvīthi, tato bhinnāvajjane, anekāvajjane vā. Appanāvīthiyañhi upacāro ekāvajjano, itaro anekāvajjano anekakkhattuṃ pavattanato. Visamanisajjāya uppannakilamatho <span class="bld">visamāsanupatāpo. Pītipharaṇenā</span>ti pītiyā pharaṇarasattā, pītisamuṭṭhānānaṃ vā paṇītarūpānaṃ kāyassa byāpanato vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vitakkavicārapaccayepī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo <a name="M1.0190"></a> aṭṭhānappayutto, so ‘‘pahīnassā’’ti ettha ānetvā sambandhitabbo ‘‘pahīnassāpi domanassindriyassā’’ti. Etaṃ domanassindriyaṃ uppajjatīti sambandho. ‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ aticiraṃ vitakkayato vicārayato kāyopi kilamicittampi uhaññī’’ti vacanato kāyacittakhedānaṃ vitakkavicārappaccayatā veditabbā<a name="V1.0178"></a>. ‘‘Vitakkavicārabhāve uppajjati domanassindriya’’nti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthassa siyā uppattī</span>ti tattha dutiyajjhānūpacāre assa domanassassa uppatti bhaveyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yadeke ‘‘tatthassa siyā uppattī’’ti vadantena jhānalābhīnampi domanussuppatti atthīti dassitaṃ hoti. Tena ca anīvaraṇasabhāvo lobho viya dosopi atthīti dīpeti. Na hi dosena vinā domanassaṃ pavattati. Na cettha <span class="bld">paṭṭhānapāḷiyā</span> virodho cintetabbo. Yasmā tattha parihīnaṃ jhānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānaṃ domanassaṃ dassitaṃ, aparihīnajjhānamārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjamānassa domanassassa asambhavato. Jhānalābhīnaṃ sabbaso domanassaṃ nuppajjatīti ca na sakkā vattuṃ, aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino api tassa uppannattā. Na heva kho so pahīnajjhāno ahosīti vadanti, taṃ ayuttaṃ anīvaraṇasabhāvassa dosassa abhāvato. Yadi siyā, rūpārūpāvacarasattānampi uppajjeyya, na ca uppajjati. Tathā hi ‘‘arūpe kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ paṭicca thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccanīvaraṇaṃ avijjānīvaraṇa’’ntiādīsu byāpādakukkuccanīvaraṇāni anuddhaṭāni. Na cettha nīvaraṇattā parihāro, kāmacchandādīnampi anīvaraṇānaṃyeva nīvaraṇasadisatāya nīvaraṇapariyāyassa vuttattā. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino api tassa uppannattā’’ti, tampi akāraṇaṃ uppajjamānena ca domanassena jhānato parihāyanato. Lahukena pana paccayena parihīnaṃ tādisā appakasireneva paṭipākatikaṃ karontīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Tatthassa siyā uppattī’’ti idaṃ pana parikappavacanaṃ upacārakkhaṇe domanassassa appahīnabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘na tveva antoappanāya’’nti. Yadi pana tadā domanassaṃ uppajjeyya, paṭhamajjhānampissa parihīnamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pahīnampi somanassindriyaṃ pīti viya na dūreti katvā <a name="M1.0191"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘āsannattā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Nānāvajjanūpacāre pahīnampi pahānaṅgaṃ paṭipakkhena avihatattā antarantarā uppajjeyya vāti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘appanāppattāyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tādisāya āsevanāya icchitabbattā yathā <span class="bld">maggavīthito pubbe dve tayo javanavārā sadisānupassanāva pavattanti,</span> evamidhāpi appanāvārato pubbe dve tayo javanavārā upekkhāsahagatāva pavattantīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samāhaṭā</span>ti samānītā, saṅgahetvā vuttāti attho. Sukhadukkhāni viya anoḷārikattā avibhūtatāya <span class="bld">sukhumā</span>. Tato eva anuminitabbasabhāvattā <span class="bld">duviññeyyā. Duṭṭhassā</span>ti duṭṭhapayogassa, duddammassāti attho. <span class="bld">Sakkā hoti esā gāhayituṃ</span> aññāpohananayenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adukkhamasukhāya</span> <a name="V1.0179"></a> <span class="bld">cetovimuttiyā</span>ti idameva catutthajjhānaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccayadassanattha</span>nti adhigamassa upāyabhūtapaccayadassanatthaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhappahānādayo hi tassā paccayā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhappahānādayo</span>ti ca sopacārā paṭhamajjhānādayovettha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pahīnāti vuttā</span> ‘‘pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā’’ti. <span class="bld">Etā</span>ti sukhādayo vedanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Somanassaṃ rāgassa</span> paccayo. Vuttañhi ‘‘sukhāya kho, āvuso visākha, vedanāya rāgānusayo anusetī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.465). <span class="bld">Domanassaṃ dosassa</span> paccayo. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘dukkhāya kho, āvuso visākha, vedanāya paṭighānusayo anusetī’’ti. <span class="bld">Sukhādighātenā</span>ti sukhādīnaṃ pahānena. <span class="bld">Assa</span> jhānassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Na dukkhanti <span class="bld">adukkhaṃ,</span> dukkhavidhuraṃ. Yasmā tattha dukkhaṃ natthi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dukkhābhāvenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asukha</span>nti etthapi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Etenā</span>ti dukkhasukhapaṭikkhepavacanena. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭipakkhabhūta’’</span>nti idaṃ idha tatiyavedanāya dukkhādīnaṃ samatikkamavasena pattabbattā vuttaṃ, na kusalākusalānaṃ viya ujuvipaccanīkatāya. Iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītassa majjhattārammaṇassa, iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītaṃ vā majjhattākārena anubhavanalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">majjhattarasā. Avibhūtapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti sukhadukkhāni viya na vibhūtākārā<a name="M1.0192"></a>, piṭṭhipāsāṇe migagatamaggo viya tehi anumātabbā avibhūtākāropaṭṭhānā. Sukhanirodho nāma idha catutthajjhānūpacāro, so padaṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">sukhanirodhapadaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Upekkhāsatipārisuddhi’’</span>nti purimapade uttarapadalopenetaṃ samāsapadanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhi’’</span>nti. Sabbapaccanīkadhammaparisuddhāya paccanīkasamanepi abyāvaṭāya pārisuddhiupekkhāya vattamānāya catutthajjhāne sati sampahaṃsanapaññā viya suparisuddhā, suvisadā ca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yā ca tassā satiyā pārisuddhi, sā upekkhāya katā, na aññenā’’</span>ti. Yadi tatramajjhattatā idha ‘‘upekkhā’’ti adhippetā, kathaṃ satiyeva ‘‘parisuddhā’’ti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na kevala’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evampi <a name="V1.0180"></a> kasmā ayameva sati ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhī’’ti vuttāti anuyogaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha heṭṭhā tīsu jhānesu vijjamānāyapi tatramajjhattatāya paccanīkābhibhavato, sahāyapaccayavekallato ca apārisuddhi, tathā taṃsampayuttānaṃ. Tadabhāvato idha pārisuddhīti imamatthaṃ rūpakavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sūriyappabhābhibhavā</span>ti sūriyappabhāya abhibhuyyamānattā. Atikkhatāya candalekhā viya rattipi sommasabhāvā sabhāgāya rattiyameva ca candalekhā samujjalatīti sā tassā sabhāgāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sommabhāvena ca attano upakārakattena vā sabhāgāya rattiyā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ekavīthiya’’</span>nti idaṃ tattha somanassassa ekaṃsena abhāvato vuttaṃ, na tato purimataresu ekaṃsena bhāvato. Yathā pana vitakkādayo dutiyādijjhānakkhaṇeyeva pahīyanti, na tesaṃ ekavīthiyaṃ purimajavanesu, na evametanti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Catukkajjhāne</span>ti catukkanayavasena nibbattitajjhānacatukke.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pañcakajjhānakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti paṭhamajjhāne. <span class="bld">Catukkanayassa dutiyajjhāne viyā</span>ti catukkanayasambandhini dutiyajjhāne viya. <span class="bld">Taṃ dvidhā bhinditvā</span>ti catukkanaye dutiyaṃ <a name="M1.0193"></a> ‘‘avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ, avitakkaṃ avicāra’’nti ca evaṃ dvidhā bhinditvā <span class="bld">pañcakanaye dutiyañceva tatiyañca hoti</span> abhidhammeti (dha. sa. 168) adhippāyo. Suttantesu pana sarūpato pañcakanayo na gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha nayadvayavibhāgo gahitoti? Abhidhamme nayadvayavasena jhānānaṃ desitattā. Kasmā ca tattha tathā tāni desitāni? Puggalajjhāsayato, desanāvilāsato ca. Sannipatitadevaparisāya kira yesaṃ yathādesite paṭhamajjhāne vitakko eva oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, itare santato. Tesaṃ ajjhāsayavasena ca caturaṅgikaṃ avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ jhānaṃ desitaṃ. Yesaṃ vicāro, yesaṃ pīti, yesaṃ sukhaṃ oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, itare santato. Tesaṃ tesaṃ ajjhāsayavasena tatiyādīni jhānāni desitāni. Ayaṃ tāva puggalajjhāsayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassā pana dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā bhagavā yasmā desanāvilāsappatto, tasmā ñāṇamahantatāya <a name="V1.0181"></a> desanāya sukusalo yaṃ yaṃ aṅgaṃ labbhati, tassa tassa vasena yathāruciṃ desanaṃ niyāmento catukkanayavasena, pañcakanayavasena ca. Tattha ca pañcaṅgikaṃ paṭhamaṃ, caturaṅgikaṃ dutiyaṃ, tivaṅgikaṃ tatiyaṃ, duvaṅgikaṃ catutthaṃ, duvaṅgikameva pañcamaṃ jhānaṃ desesīti ayaṃ desanāvilāso. Ettha ca pañcakanaye dutiyajjhānaṃ catukkanaye dutiyajjhānapakkhikaṃ katvā vibhattaṃ ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti (dha. sa. 168). Kasmā? Ekattakāyanānattasaññīsattāvāsaphalatāya dutiyajjhānena samānaphalattā, paṭhamajjhānasamādhito jātattā ca. Paṭhamajjhānameva hi ‘‘kāmehi akusalehi ca vivitta’’nti tadabhāvā na idha ‘‘vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehī’’ti sakkā vattuṃ, nāpi ‘‘vivekaja’’nti. Suttantadesanāsu ca pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyajjhānāni dutiyajjhānameva bhajanti vitakkavūpasamā vicāravūpasamā avitakkattā, avicārattā ca. Evañca katvā suttantadesanāyapi pañcakanayo labbhatevāti siddhaṃ hoti. Nanu suttante cattāriyeva jhānāni vibhattānīti pañcakanayo na labbhatīti? Na, ‘‘savitakkasavicāro samādhī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.305) samādhittayāpadesena pañcakanayassa <a name="M1.0194"></a> labbhamānattā. Catukkanayanissito pana katvā pañcakanayo vibhattoti suttantadesanāyapi pañcakanayo niddhāretabbo. ‘‘Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā’’ti hi vitakkassa, vicārassa, vitakkavicārānañca ‘‘vitakkavicārāna’’nti sakkā vattuṃ. Tathā ‘‘avitakkaṃ, avicāra’’nti ca vinā, saha ca vicārena vitakkappahānena avitakkaṃ, saha, vinā ca vitakkena vicārappahānena avicāranti avitakkaṃ, avicāraṃ, avitakkañca avicārañcāti vā tividhampi sakkā saṅgahetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti ca vitakkarahite, vitakkavicāradvayarahite ca ñāyāgatā desanā dutiyaṃ adhigantabbattā, vicāramattarahitepi dvayappahānādhigatasamānadhammattā. Evañca katvā pañcakanayaniddese dutiye vūpasantopi vitakko sahāyabhūtavicārāvūpasamena na sammā vūpasantoti vitakkavicāradvayarahite viya vicāravūpasameneva tadupasamaṃ, sesadhammānaṃ samānatañca dassentena ‘‘vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti tatiyaṃ catukkanaye dutiyena nibbisesaṃ vibhattaṃ. Duvidhassāpi sahāyavirahena, aññathā ca vitakkappahānena avitakkattaṃ, samādhijaṃ pītisukhattañca samānanti samānadhammattāpi <span class="bld">dutiya</span>nti niddeso<a name="V1.0182"></a>. Vicāramattampi hi vitakkavicāradvayarahitaṃ viya ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’ti (dha. sa. 168) avitakkaṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhanti vibhattaṃ. Paṭhamajjhāne vā sahacārīsu vitakkavicāresu ekaṃ atikkamitvā dutiyampi tatraṭṭhameva dosato disvā ubhayampi sahātikkamantassa pañcakanaye <span class="bld">tatiyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ, tatiyaṃ adhigantabbattā. Paṭhamato anantarabhāvena panassa dutiyabhāvo ca uppajjatīti. Kasmā panevaṃ sarūpato pañcakanayo na vibhattoti? Vineyyajjhāsayato. Yathānulomadesanā hi suttantadesanāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Pathavīkasiṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti catutthaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">5. Sesakasiṇaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Āpokasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. Yathāvitthāritassa <a name="M1.0195"></a><a name="V1.0183"></a> atthassa atidesopi vitthāraṭṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vitthārakathā hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āpokasiṇa</span>nti āpokasiṇajjhānaṃ, āpokasiṇakammaṭṭhānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ vitthāretabba</span>nti pathavīkasiṇakammaṭṭhāne vuttanayena vitthāretabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettakampī</span>ti ‘‘kate vā akate vāti sabbaṃ vitthāretabba’’nti ettakampi avatvā. Sāmuddikena loṇudakena bharito jalāsayo <span class="bld">loṇī</span>. Nīlādivaṇṇasaṅkarapariharaṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suddhavatthena gahita’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Añña</span>nti bhūmiṃ sampattaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathārūpa</span>nti yādisaṃ ākāsajaṃ udakaṃ, tādisaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vippasannaṃ anāvila’’</span>nti, yaṃ pana udakanti sambandho. <span class="bld">‘‘Na vaṇṇo paccavekkhitabbo’’</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ pathavīkasiṇakathāyaṃ vuttameva. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇaṃ</span> pana idha paggharaṇalakkhaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇabhāvanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva. Taraṅguṭṭhānādi, pheṇamissatādi ca idha <span class="bld">kasiṇadoso. So</span>ti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti paṭibhāganimittassa.</p>
<p class="subhead">Tejokasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para92"></a><span class="paranum">92</span>. <span class="bld">Siniddhāni</span> sinehavantāni. <span class="bld">Sāradārūni</span> na pheggudārūni. Jālāya ciraṭṭhitatthaṃ siniddhasāradāruggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghaṭikaṃ ghaṭikaṃ katvā</span>ti khandhaso karitvā. <span class="bld">Ālimpetvā</span>ti jāletvā. <span class="bld">Ghanajālāyā</span>ti aviraḷavasena pavattaaggijālāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Patanasadisa</span>nti patamānasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Akate gaṇhantassā</span>ti vuttanayena yathā kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ paññāyati, evaṃ anabhisaṅkhate kevale tejasmiṃ nimittaṃ gaṇhantassa.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vāyokasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. <span class="bld">Vuttañheta</span>nti <a name="V1.0184"></a> ettha <span class="bld">hi</span>-saddo hetuattho, yasmāti attho. Tassa ‘‘tasmā’’ti iminā sambandho. <span class="bld">Ucchagga</span>nti ucchukhette yathāṭhitānaṃ aggaṃ. <span class="bld">Erita</span>nti <a name="M1.0196"></a> vātena calitaṃ. <span class="bld">Samerita</span>nti sabbaso calitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘vāyokasiṇaṃ…pe… upalakkhetī’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Samasīsaṭṭhita</span>nti upari pattānaṃ vasena samasīsaṃ hutvā ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Veḷuṃ vā rukkhaṃ vā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘samasīsaṃ ṭhitaṃ ghanapattaveḷuṃ vā ghanapattarukkhaṃ vā’’ti ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Ekaṅgulādippamāṇesu kesesu rassabhāvato, dīghataresu olambanato, viraḷesu anuppavesato vātappahāro na paññāyatīti <span class="bld">caturaṅgulappamāṇa</span>ggahaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">ghana</span>ggahaṇañca kataṃ. <span class="bld">Etasmiṃ ṭhāne paharatīti satiṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti ucchaggādīnaṃ pacalanākāraggahaṇamukhena tesaṃ pahārake vātasaṅghāte satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Tattha satiṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti tasmiṃ kāyapadesassa saṅghaṭṭanavasena pavatte vāyupiṇḍe saṅghaṭṭanākāraggahaṇamukhena satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. ‘‘Usumavaṭṭisadisa’’nti etena purimakasiṇassa viya imassāpi nimittassa saṃviggahataṃ dasseti. ‘‘Niccala’’nti iminā niccalabhāvoyeva uggahanimittato imassa visesoti paṭibhāganimittassāpi usumavaṭṭisadisatāva vibhāvitā hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nīlakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. Añjanarājivaṭṭādi <span class="bld">vaṇṇadhātuyā vā. Tathārūpaṃ mālāgaccha</span>nti aviraḷavikasitanīlavaṇṇapupphasañchannaṃ pupphagacchaṃ. <span class="bld">Itarenā</span>ti akatādhikārena. <span class="bld">Girikaṇṇika</span>ggahanena nīlaṃ girikaṇṇikamāha. <span class="bld">Karaṇḍapaṭalaṃ</span> samuggapidhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pattehiyevā</span>ti nīluppalādīnaṃ kesaravaṇṭāni apanetvā kevalehi pattehiyeva. <span class="bld">Pūretabba</span>nti nīlavaṇṇaṃ vatthaṃ gahetvā bhaṇḍikaṃ viya bandhitvā yathā nīlamaṇḍalaṃ hutvā paññāyati, tathā <span class="bld">caṅkoṭakaṃ vā karaṇḍapaṭalaṃ vā pūretabbaṃ. Mukhavaṭṭiyaṃ vā assā</span>ti assa caṅkoṭakassa, karaṇḍapaṭalassa vā mukhavaṭṭiyaṃ <span class="bld">bandhitabbaṃ. Maṇitālavaṇṭaṃ</span> indanīlamaṇimayaṃ tālavaṇṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pītakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. Pītakasiṇe <span class="bld">mālāgaccha</span>nti ikkaṭādimālāgacchaṃ. Haritālaṃ, manosilā vā <span class="bld">dhātu. Pattaṅgapupphehī</span>ti <a name="V1.0185"></a> pattaṅganāmikā pītavaṇṇapupphā ekā gacchajāti, tassa pupphehi. <span class="bld">Āsanapūja</span>nti cetiyaṅgaṇe kataṃ āsanapūjaṃ<a name="M1.0197"></a>. <span class="bld">Kaṇikārapupphādinā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ākulikiṅkirātapupphādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Lohitakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para96"></a><span class="paranum">96</span>. <span class="bld">Lohitamaṇi</span> lohitaṅgamaṇiādi. <span class="bld">Lohitadhātu</span> gerukajātihiṅgulikādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Odātakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. Odātakasiṇe <span class="bld">mālāgaccha</span>nti nandiyāvattādimālāgacchaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhātu</span> kakkaṭimuttasetikādi.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ālokakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. <span class="bld">Tathā asakkontenā</span>ti yathā sūriyālokādivasena obhāsanimittuppādanaṃ vuttaṃ, tassa obhāsamaṇḍalassa na ciraṭṭhititāya tathā nimittuppādanaṃ kātuṃ asakkontena. Ghaṭamukhena niggacchanakaobhāsassa mahantabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘ghaṭamukhaṃ pidahitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhittimukha</span>nti bhittiabhimukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Uṭṭhitamaṇḍalasadisa</span>nti bhittiādīsu uṭṭhitapākatikaālokamaṇḍalasadisaṃ. <span class="bld">Ghanavippasannaṃ ālokapuñjasadisa</span>nti bhagavato byāmappabhā viya bahalo, vippasanno ca hutvā puñjabhūto āloko atthi ce, taṃsadisoti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Paricchinnākāsakasiṇakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. <span class="bld">Chiddasadisameva hotī</span>ti yehi bhittipariyantādīhi paricchinnaṃ, taṃ chiddaṃ, taṃsadisaṃ, tenavākārena uggahanimittaṃ upaṭṭhātīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Vaḍḍhiyamānampi na vaḍḍhatī’’</span>ti uggahanimittassa avaḍḍhanīyataṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Sabbampi hi uggahanimittaṃ vaḍḍhiyamānaṃ na vaḍḍhatiyeva. Satipi ca vaḍḍhetukāmatāyaṃ vaḍḍhanā na sambhavati bhāvanāya paridubbalattā. Bhāvanāvasena hi nimittavaḍḍhanā<a name="V1.0186"></a>. Paṭibhāganimittaṃ pana tasmiṃ uppanne bhāvanā thirāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘vaḍḍhiyamānaṃ vaḍḍhatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi <a name="M1.0198"></a> <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> ‘‘pathavīkasiṇādīni rūpajhānārammaṇāni aṭṭheva kasiṇāni sarūpato āgatāni, odātakasiṇe pana ālokakasiṇaṃ, ākāsakasiṇe ca paricchinnākāsakasiṇaṃ antogadhaṃ katvā desanā katā’’ti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘iti kasiṇāni dasabalo, dasa yāni avocā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā</span>ti pubbe viya asādhāraṇaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kasiṇe paṭiniyatameva atthaṃ aggahetvā asādhāraṇato, sādhāraṇato ca tattha tattha pakiṇṇakaṃ visaṭaṃ atthaṃ gahetvā pavattā pakiṇṇakakathāpi vijānitabbā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Ādibhāvo</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena yassa kassaci pathavīpakkhiyassa vatthuno nimmānādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ṭhānanisajjādikappanaṃ vā</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘ākāse vā udake vā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Parittaappamāṇanayenā</span>ti nīlādivaṇṇaṃ anāmasitvā parittaappamāṇanayeneva. <span class="bld">Evamādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sarīrato udakadhārānimmānādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yadeva so icchati tassa ḍahanasamatthatā</span>ti bahūsu kappāsapicusāradāruādīsu ekajjhaṃ rāsibhūtesu ṭhitesu yaṃ yadeva icchati, tassa tasseva ḍahanasamatthatā. Idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena andhakāravidhamanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vāyugatiyā gamanaṃ <span class="bld">vāyugatigamanaṃ,</span> atisīghagamanaṃ. Idha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena yadicchitadesantaraṃ pāpuṇanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suvaṇṇanti adhimuccanā</span> suvaṇṇabhāvādhiṭṭhānaṃ seyyathāpi āyasmā pilindavaccho (pārā. 619-620) tiṇaṇḍupagapāsādādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vaṇṇakasiṇesu <a name="V1.0187"></a> tattha tattha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nīlobhāsanimmānādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Pathavīpabbatādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena samuddādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbāneva</span> <a name="M1.0199"></a> dasapi kasiṇāni. <span class="bld">Imaṃ pabhedaṃ labhantī</span>ti imaṃ vaḍḍhanādivisesaṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Eko</span>ti ekacco. <span class="bld">Sañjānātī</span>ti bhāvanāpaññāya sañjānāti. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘āpokasiṇa’’ntiādipāḷiṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uparigaganatalābhimukhaṃ</span> ‘‘pathavīkasiṇameko sañjānātī’’ti pāḷipadāni ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tañca kho vaḍḍhanavasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekacco hi uddhameva kasiṇaṃ vaḍḍhetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhābhūmitalābhimukha</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. Pubbe vaḍḍhanakāle payojanaṃ anapekkhitvā vaḍḍhentānaṃ vasena vuttattā idāni <span class="bld">‘‘tena tena vā kāraṇena evaṃ pasāretī’’</span>ti āha, kasiṇaṃ vaḍḍhetīti attho. Yathā kinti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ālokamiva dibbacakkhunā rūpadassanakāmo’’</span>ti. Uddhañce rūpaṃ daṭṭhukāmo uddhaṃ ālokaṃ pasāreti, adho ce rūpaṃ daṭṭhukāmo adho ālokaṃ pasāreti, samantato ce rūpaṃ daṭṭhukāmo samantato ālokaṃ pasāreti, evamayaṃ kasiṇanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekassā</span>ti pathavīkasiṇādīsu ekekassa. <span class="bld">Aññabhāvānupagamanattha</span>nti aññakasiṇabhāvānupagamanadīpanatthaṃ, na aññaṃ pathavīādi. Na hi udakena ṭhitaṭṭhāne sasambhārapathavī atthi. <span class="bld">Añño kasiṇasambhedo</span>ti āpokasiṇādinā saṅkaro. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbesu āpokasiṇādīsu sesakasiṇesu. Ekadese aṭṭhatvā anavasesena pharaṇappamāṇassa aggahaṇato pharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span>. Teneva hi nesaṃ kasiṇasamaññā. Tathā cāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañhī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">cetasā pharanto</span>ti bhāvanācittena ālambanaṃ karonto. Bhāvanācittañhi kasiṇaṃ parittaṃ vā vipulaṃ vā ekakkhaṇe sakalameva manasi karoti, na ekadesanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. <span class="bld">Ānantariyakammasamaṅgino</span>ti pañcasu ānantariyakammesu yena kenaci samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Niyatamicchādiṭṭhikā</span>ti ahetukadiṭṭhi akiriyadiṭṭhi natthikadiṭṭhīti tīsu micchādiṭṭhīsu yāya kāyaci niyatāya micchādiṭṭhiyā samannāgatā. <span class="bld">Ubhatobyañjanakapaṇḍakā</span>ti ubhatobyañjanakā, paṇḍakā ca. Kāmañcete ahetukapaṭisandhikattā vipākāvaraṇena samannāgatā honti, tathāpi tibbakilesattā kilesāvaraṇena samannāgatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Ahetukadvihetukapaṭisandhikā</span>ti ahetukapaṭisandhikā<a name="V1.0188"></a>, dvihetukapaṭisandhikā ca. Duhetukapaṭisandhikānampi hi ariyamaggapaṭivedho, jhānapaṭilābho <a name="M1.0200"></a> ca natthi, tasmā tepi vipākāvaraṇena samannāgatā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apaccanīkapaṭipadāya</span>nti maggassa anulomapaṭipadāyaṃ saccānulomikāyaṃ vipassanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Acchandikā</span>ti ‘‘kattukamyatāchandarahitā’’ti <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ, tampi nibbānādhigamatthameva kattukamyatāchandaṃ sandhāya vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Uttarakurukāpi manussā mārādayo viya acchandikaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhā nibbutichandarahitattā. <span class="bld">Duppaññā</span>ti bhavaṅgapaññāya parihīnā. ‘‘Bhavaṅgapaññāya paripuṇṇāyapi yassa bhavaṅgaṃ lokuttarassa pādakaṃ na hoti, sopi duppaññoyevā’’ti <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> vuttaṃ. Yasmiṃ hi bhavaṅge vattamāne taṃsantatiyaṃ lokuttaraṃ nibbattati, taṃ tassa pādakaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalesu dhammesū</span>ti anavajjadhammesu, sukhavipākadhammesu vā. <span class="bld">Okkamitu</span>nti adhigantuṃ. <span class="bld">Kasiṇeyevā</span>ti kasiṇakammaṭṭhāneyeva. <span class="bld">Etesa</span>nti kammāvaraṇasamannāgatādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ete vipākantarāyādayo evaṃ atthajānikarā, anatthahetubhūtā ca, tasmā. Tiṇṇameva cettha antarāyānaṃ gahaṇaṃ itarassa sappaṭikārattā, kammantarāyapakkhikattā vāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sappurisūpanissayādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tajjaṃ yonisomanasikārādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Saddha</span>nti kammaphalasaddhaṃ, ratanattayasaddhañca. <span class="bld">Chanda</span>nti bhāvanānuyoge tibbakattukamyatāsaṅkhātaṃ kusalacchandaṃ. <span class="bld">Pañña</span>nti pārihāriyapaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaḍḍhetvā</span>ti yathā bhāvanā ijjhati, tathā paribrūhetvā. Yaṃ panettha atthato na vibhattaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyattā, heṭṭhā vuttanayattā ca na vibhattaṃ.</p>
<p class="centered">Sesakasiṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti pañcamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">6. Asubhakammaṭṭhānaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Uddhumātakādipadatthavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Aviññāṇakāsubhesū’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0201"></a><a name="V1.0189"></a> idaṃ uddhumātakādīnaṃ sabhāvadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Tasmā bhūtakathanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na saviññāṇakaasubhassa akammaṭṭhānabhāvato. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘na kevalaṃ matasarīra’’ntiādi (visuddhi. 1.122). <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā</span>ti jīvitakkhayato upari maraṇato paraṃ. <span class="bld">Samuggatenā</span>ti uṭṭhitena. <span class="bld">Uddhumātattā</span>ti uddhaṃ uddhaṃ dhumātattā sūnattā. <span class="bld">Uddhumātameva uddhumātaka</span>nti <span class="bld">ka</span>-kārena padavaḍḍhanamāha anatthantarato yathā ‘‘pītakaṃ lohitaka’’nti. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlattā</span>ti jigucchanīyattā. <span class="bld">Kucchitaṃ uddhumātaṃ uddhumātaka</span>nti kucchanatthe vā ayaṃ <span class="bld">ka</span>-kāroti dassetuṃ vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchatī’’ti (mahāva. 285; pari. 325; dī. ni. 2.149; a. ni. 5.213). <span class="bld">Tathārūpassā</span>ti ‘‘bhastā viya vāyunā’’tiādinā yathārūpaṃ vuttaṃ, tathārūpassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Setarattehi paribhinnaṃ vimissitaṃ nīlaṃ <span class="bld">vinīlaṃ,</span> purimavaṇṇavipariṇāmabhūtaṃ vā nīlaṃ <span class="bld">vinīlaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paribhinnaṭṭhānesu</span> kākakaṅkādīhi. <span class="bld">Vissandamānapubba</span>nti vissavantapubbaṃ, tahaṃ tahaṃ paggharantapubbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apadhārita</span>nti vivaṭaṃ ugghāṭitaṃ. <span class="bld">Khitta</span>nti chaḍḍitaṃ, soṇasiṅgālādīhi visuṃ katvā khādanena sarīrasaṅghātato luñcitvā tahaṃ tahaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ. Vividhaṃ khittanti <span class="bld">vikkhittaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimanayenā</span>ti ‘‘vividhaṃ khitta’’ntiādinā pubbe vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Satthena hanitvā</span>ti verīhi khaggakaravālādinā <a name="V1.0190"></a> satthena paharitvā. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘aññena hattha’’ntiādinā pubbe vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantarato nikkhamantehi kimīhi paggharantakimikulaṃ puḷavakanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kimiparipuṇṇassā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uddhumātakādīni</span> <a name="M1.0202"></a> āmakasusānādīsu chaḍḍitāsubhāni. <span class="bld">Nissāyā</span>ti paṭicca tānipi ārabbha. <span class="bld">Nimittāna</span>nti uggahapaṭibhāganimittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Etāneva</span> uddhumātakādīneva <span class="bld">nāmāni</span>.</p>
<p class="subhead">Uddhumātakakammaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para103"></a><span class="paranum">103</span>. <span class="bld">Bhāvetukāmenā</span>ti uppādetukāmena. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti ācariyena. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Asubhanimittatthāyā</span>ti asubhanimittassa uggaṇhanatthāya, asubhe vā uggahanimittassa atthāya. <span class="bld">Gamanavidhāna</span>nti gamanavidhi. Yena vidhinā gantabbaṃ, so vidhi. Uggahanimittassa uppannakālato paṭṭhāya pathavīkasiṇe vuttaṃ paṭipajjanavidhiṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘appanāvidhānapariyosāna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para104"></a><span class="paranum">104</span>. <span class="bld">Tāvadevā</span>ti sutakkhaṇeyeva. <span class="bld">Atitthena</span> puṇṇanadīādiṃ <span class="bld">pakkhandantena viya</span> anupavisantena viya. <span class="bld">Kedārakoṭiyā</span>ti kedāramariyādāya. <span class="bld">Visabhāgarūpa</span>nti khettarakkhikādivisabhāgavatthurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Sarīra</span>nti uddhumātakakaḷevaraṃ. <span class="bld">Adhunāmata</span>nti aciramataṃ uddhumātakabhāvaṃ appattaṃ. <span class="bld">Takkayatī</span>ti sambhāveti bhāriyaṃ katvā na maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105"></a><span class="paranum">105</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpasaddādī</span>ti ettha amanussānaṃ rūpehi, sīhabyagghādīnaṃ saddādīhi, amanussānampi vā rūpasaddādīhi. Tathā <span class="bld">sīhabyagghādīna</span>nti yathārahaṃ yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aniṭṭhārammaṇābhibhūtassā</span>ti bheravādibhāvena aniṭṭhehi ārammaṇehi abhibhūtassa ajjhotthaṭassa. <span class="bld">Na paṭisaṇṭhātī</span>ti vidāhavasena āsaye na tiṭṭhati, ucchaḍḍetabbaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Añño</span>ti amanussādīnaṃ vasena vā aññathā vā vuttappakārato añño ābādho hoti. <span class="bld">So</span>ti saṅghatthero, abhiññātabhikkhu vā. Yassānena ārocitaṃ, so. <span class="bld">Katakammā</span>ti katatheyyakammā. <span class="bld">Akatakammā</span>ti theyyakammaṃ kātukāmā. Katakammā pana idhādhippetā. Tasmā <span class="bld">te</span>ti katakammā corā. Saha oḍḍhenāti <span class="bld">sahoḍḍhaṃ,</span> thenetvā gahiyamānabhaṇḍena saddhinti attho. <span class="bld">Yajamāno</span>ti yaññaṃ yajanto <a name="V1.0191"></a> yaññasāmiko. ‘‘Addhā imāya paṭipattiyā jarāmaraṇato muccissāmī’’ti <span class="bld">pītisomanassaṃ uppādetvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0203"></a> gamanavidhānaṃ ekadesena vatvā idāni aṭṭhakathāsu āgatanayena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhakathāsu vuttena vidhinā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uggaṇhanto</span>ti uggaṇhanahetu. <span class="bld">Eko</span>ti ayaṃ <span class="bld">eka</span>-saddo asahāyattho, na aññādiatthoti <span class="bld">‘‘adutiyo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā vaṇṇādito vavatthānaṃ ekaṃsato samuditameva icchitabbaṃ sabbatthakabhāvato, na tathā sandhiāditoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇatopī’’</span>tiādinā chasu ṭhānesu sampiṇḍanattho <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo gahito. <span class="bld">Puna eko adutiyo</span>tiādi gahitanimittassa yogino nivattitvā vasanaṭṭhānagamanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tabbhāgiyaññevā</span>ti tappakkhiyaṃyeva asubhanimittamanasikārasahitameva. <span class="bld">Āsanaṃ paññapetī</span>ti nisajjaṃ kappeti. Yaṃ pana ‘‘asubhanimittadisābhimukhe bhūmippadese’’ti (visuddhi. 1.113) vakkhati, tampi imamevatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Na hi kevalena disābhimukhabhāvena kiñci ijjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samantā nimittupalakkhaṇā</span>ti uddhumātakassa samantā pāsāṇādinimittasallakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Asammohatthā</span>ti uggahanimitte upaṭṭhite uppajjanakasammohavigamatthā. <span class="bld">Ekādasavidhenā</span>ti vaṇṇādivasena ekādasavidhena. <span class="bld">Upanibandhanattho</span>ti asubhārammaṇe cittaṃ upanetvā nibandhanattho. <span class="bld">Vīthisampaṭipādanatthā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānavīthiyā sammadeva paṭipādanatthā. Puññakiriyavatthu adhigataṃ hotīti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para106"></a><span class="paranum">106</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā asubhanimittassa uggaṇhanaṃ ariyamaggapadaṭṭhānassa paṭhamajjhānassa adhigamupāyo, yasmā vā ‘‘asubhanimittaṃ uggaṇhanto eko adutiyo gacchatī’’ti vuttaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Cittasaññattatthāyā</span>ti sarīrasabhāvasallakkhaṇena, saṃvegajananena ca attano cittassa saññattiatthaṃ saññāpanatthaṃ. ‘‘Cittasaññatatthāyā’’ti vā pāṭho, kilesavasena asaṃyatassa cittassa saṃyamanatthaṃ damanatthaṃ, na kammaṭṭhānatthanti attho. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānasīsenā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānena sīsabhūtena, taṃ uttamaṅgaṃ padhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Mūlakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti pakatiyā attanā kālena kālaṃ parihariyamānaṃ buddhānussatiādisabbatthakakammaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Kammaṭṭhānasīsena gacchāmī’’ti taṃ <span class="bld">avissajjetvā</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ manasikarontenevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sūpaṭṭhitabhāvasampādanenā</span>ti mūlakammaṭṭhāne suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitabhāvassa sampādanena. Evaṃ <a name="M1.0204"></a> hi sati asammuṭṭhā nāma hoti. Bahiddhā <a name="V1.0192"></a> puthuttārammaṇe appavattitvā kammaṭṭhāneyeva pavattamānaṃ mānasaṃ <span class="bld">abahigataṃ</span> nāma. Tathābhūtena cānena rūpindriyāni appavattakiccāni katāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manacchaṭṭhānaṃ…pe… gantabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvāraṃ sallakkhetabba</span>nti vihāre puratthimādīsu disāsu asukadisāya idaṃ dvāraṃ, tato eva tāya disāya sallakkhitena asukadvārena nikkhantomhīti dvāraṃ upadhāretabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti dvārasallakkhaṇato pacchā. <span class="bld">Yena maggena gacchati</span> sayaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimittaṭṭhāna</span>nti asubhanimittassa gaṇhanaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhāraṃ chaḍḍāpeyyā</span>ti vamanaṃ kārāpeyya. <span class="bld">Kaṇṭakaṭṭhāna</span>nti kaṇṭakavantaṃ ṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para107"></a><span class="paranum">107</span>. <span class="bld">Disā vavatthapetabbā</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekasmiṃ hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khāyatī</span>ti upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Kammaniya</span>nti bhāvanāya kammakkhamaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubbāḷhassā</span>ti bādhitassa. <span class="bld">Vidhāvatī</span>ti nānārammaṇe visarati. <span class="bld">Ukkammā</span>ti ujukaṃ anuvātato apakkamma. Matakaḷevaraṃ puthujjanassa yebhuyyena bhayato upaṭṭhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘accāsanne bhayamuppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anupāda</span>nti pādasamīpaṃ. Yattha ṭhitassa sukhena oloketuṃ sakkā, taṃ <span class="bld">olokentassa phāsukaṭṭhānaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para108"></a><span class="paranum">108</span>. <span class="bld">Samantā</span>ti samantato. Puna <span class="bld">samantā</span>ti sāmantā samīpe. <span class="bld">Kacchako</span>ti kāḷakacchako, ‘‘pilakkho’’tipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Kapītano</span>ti pippalirukkho. <span class="bld">Sindī</span>ti khuddakakhajjurī. <span class="bld">Karamandā</span>dayo pākaṭā eva. <span class="bld">Sāmā</span>ti sāmalatā. <span class="bld">Kāḷavallī</span>ti kāḷavaṇṇā apattikā ekā latājāti. <span class="bld">Pūtilatā</span>ti jīvanavalli, yā ‘‘galocī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para109"></a><span class="paranum">109</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> nimittakaraṇādi <span class="bld">idheva</span> yathāvutte pāsāṇādinimittakaraṇe eva <span class="bld">antogadhaṃ</span> pariyāpannaṃ. <span class="bld">Sanimittaṃ karotī</span>ti saha nimittaṃ karoti, asubhaṃ pāsāṇādinimittena saha karoti vavatthapeti. Atha vā asubhanimittaṃ, pāsāṇādinimittañca saha ekajjhaṃ karonto vavatthapento <span class="bld">‘‘sanimittaṃ karotī’’</span>ti vutto. Samānakālatādīpakena hi saha-saddena ayaṃ samāso yathā ‘‘sacakkaṃ dehī’’ti. Tayidaṃ nimittakaraṇaṃ aparāparaṃ sallakkhaṇena <a name="M1.0205"></a> hoti, na ekavāramevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ vavatthapento hi sanimittaṃ karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dve</span>ti pāsāṇāsubhanimittāni. <span class="bld">Samāsetvā</span> saṅgahetvā ekajjhaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Sārammaṇa</span>nti asubhārammaṇena saddhiṃ pāsāṇādiṃ samānārammaṇaṃ karoti, saha vā ārammaṇaṃ karoti, ekārammaṇaṃ viya ubhayaṃ <a name="V1.0193"></a> ārammaṇaṃ karoti, ekajjhaṃ viya ca aparāparaṃ sallakkhento pāsāṇādiṃ, asubhanimittañcāti dvayaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attaniyo</span>ti sako. <span class="bld">Vaṇita</span>nti sūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabhāvena sarasenā</span>ti uddhumātakabhāvasaṅkhātena attano lakkhaṇena, paresaṃ jigucchuppādanasaṅkhātena attano kiccena ca, sabhāvo eva vā tathā nipphajjanato ‘‘raso’’ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para110"></a><span class="paranum">110</span>. <span class="bld">Chabbidhena nimittaṃ gahetabba</span>nti vaṇṇādinā chappakārena tāva uddhumātakaasubhanimittaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Keci ‘‘kaḷevarassa dīgharassādippamāṇena saddhiṃ sattavidhenā’’ti vadanti, taṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ natthi. <span class="bld">Liṅgato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">liṅgaṃ</span> nāma vayo liṅgaṃ, na thanamassuādi itthipurisaliṅganti dassentena <span class="bld">‘‘itthiliṅgaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhitassa</span> sattassa <span class="bld">idaṃ sarīra</span>nti sambandho. <span class="bld">Uddhumātakasaṇṭhānavaseneva,</span> na pākatikasaṇṭhānavasena. Etena yadi tattha koci anuddhumātakabhāvappatto padeso siyā, so na gahetabboti dasseti. Oḷārikāvayavavasena idaṃ saṇṭhānavavatthānaṃ, na sukhumāvayavavasenāti sīsasaṇṭhānādikaṃ navavidhameva saṇṭhānaṃ gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imissā disāyā</span>ti imissā puratthimāya, dakkhiṇapacchimauttarāya disāya, anudisāya vā ṭhitoti yojanā. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ nāma okāse hatthā</span>ti imasmiṃ nāma bhūmippadese imassa kaḷevarassa hatthā ṭhitāti vavatthapetabbanti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adho pādatalenā</span>tiādi nābhiyā heṭṭhā adho, tato uddhaṃ uparīti imassa vavatthānassa vasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Hatthaparicchedo</span> heṭṭhā aṅguliaggena upari aṃsakūṭasandhinā tiriyaṃ tacapariyantena gahetabbo. Esa nayo <span class="bld">pādaparicchedā</span>dīsupi. <span class="bld">Yattakaṃ vā pana ṭhānaṃ gaṇhatī</span>ti sace sabbaṃ sarīraṃ paricchinditvā gahetuṃ na sakkoti, padeso tassa uddhumāto, so <a name="M1.0206"></a> yattakaṃ sarīrappadesaṃ uddhumātakavasena ñāṇena pariggaṇhāti, <span class="bld">tattakameva</span> yathāpariggahitameva. <span class="bld">Idaṃ īdisa</span>nti idaṃ hatthādikaṃ īdisaṃ evamākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhumātaka</span>nti yathāsabhāvato <span class="bld">paricchinditabbaṃ. Visabhāge sarīre ārammaṇa</span>nti kammaṭṭhānaṃ paṭikkūlākāro <span class="bld">na upaṭṭhāti</span> na khāyati, subhato upaṭṭhaheyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipphandanasseva paccayo hotī’’</span>ti, kilesaparipphandanasseva nimittaṃ hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Ugghāṭitāpī</span>ti <a name="V1.0194"></a> uddhumātabhāvappattāpi, sabbaso kuthitasarīrāpīti vā attho. Svāyamattho <span class="bld">paṭhamapārājike</span> (pārā. 67 ādayo) vinītavatthūhi dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para111"></a><span class="paranum">111</span>. <span class="bld">Āsevitakammaṭṭhāno</span>ti asubhakammaṭṭhāne kataparicayo. Sosānikaṅgādīnaṃ vasena <span class="bld">parihatadhutaṅgo</span>. Catudhātuvavatthānavasena <span class="bld">parimadditamahābhūto</span>. Salakkhaṇato ñāṇena <span class="bld">pariggahitasaṅkhāro</span>. Paccayapariggahavasena <span class="bld">vavatthāpitanāmarūpo</span>. Salakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanāya ukkaṃsanena suññatānupassanābalena <span class="bld">ugghāṭitasattasañño</span>. Vipassanāya paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhisampāpanena <span class="bld">katasamaṇadhammo</span>. Tato eva sabbaso kusalavāsanāya, kusalabhāvanāya ca pūraṇena <span class="bld">vāsitavāsano bhāvitabhāvano</span>. Vivaṭṭūpanissayakusalabījena <span class="bld">sabījo</span>. Ñāṇassa paripakkabhāvena <span class="bld">ñāṇuttaro</span>. Yathāvuttāya paṭipattiyā kilesānaṃ tanukaraṇena <span class="bld">appakileso. Olokitolokitaṭṭhāneyevā</span>ti uddhumātakādiasubhassa yattha yattha olokitolokitaṭṭhāne eva, tādisassa kālaviseso, asubhassa padesaviseso vā apekkhitabbo natthīti attho. <span class="bld">No ce evaṃ upaṭṭhātī</span>ti evaṃ yathāvuttapurisavisesassa viya paṭibhāganimittaṃ no ce upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ chabbidhenā</span>ti evaṃ vuttākārena vaṇṇādivasena chabbidhena. <span class="bld">Punapī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena nimittaggahaṇavidhiṃ sampiṇḍeti, na pañcavidhataṃ. Chabbidhena hi pubbe nimittaggahaṇaṃ vihitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para112"></a><span class="paranum">112</span>. <span class="bld">Asītisatasandhito</span>ti sabbepi sandhayo tadāpi atthevāti dassanatthaṃ vatvā uddhumātabhāvena yebhuyyena na paññāyanti. Ye pana paññāyanti, te vavatthapetabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddhumātake panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tayo dakkhiṇahatthasandhī</span>ti aṃsakapparamaṇibandhānaṃ vasena <a name="M1.0207"></a> tayo dakkhiṇahatthasandhayo. Tathā vāmahatthasandhayo. Kaṭijaṇṇugopphakānaṃ vasena tayo dakkhiṇapādasandhayo. Tathā vāmapādasandhayo. <span class="bld">Eko kaṭisandhī</span>ti kaṭiyā saddhiṃ piṭṭhikaṇṭakasandhiṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Hatthantara</span>nti dakkhiṇahatthadakkhiṇapassānaṃ, vāmahatthavāmapassānañca antaraṃ vivaraṃ. <span class="bld">Pādantara</span>nti ubhinnaṃ pādānaṃ vemajjhaṃ. <span class="bld">Udarantara</span>nti nābhiṭṭhānasaññitaṃ kucchivemajjhaṃ, udarassa vā abbhantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇantara</span>nti kaṇṇachiddaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, tena nāsacchiddādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Akkhīnaṃ, mukhassa ca vasenāpi vivaraṃ labbhatevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘akkhīnampī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Samantato</span>ti evaṃ sandhiādito uddhumātakaṃ vavatthapentassa ce nimittaṃ upatiṭṭhati, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce, samantato vavatthapetabbanti vavatthāpanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakalasarīre’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ñāṇaṃ cāretvā</span>ti sabbatthakameva sarīraṃ <a name="V1.0195"></a> āvajjetvā tattha paṭikkūlākārasahitaṃ uddhumātakabhāvaṃ ārabbha nirantaraṃ bhāvanāñāṇaṃ pavattetvā. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ṭhāna</span>nti evaṃ pana ñāṇaṃ cārentassa tasmiṃ sarīre yo padeso vibhūto hutvā uddhumātakākārena vibhūtabhāvena upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Udarapariyosānaṃ</span> uparimasarīraṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vinicchayakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. <span class="bld">Vinicchayakathā</span>ti vinicchayasahitā atthavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttanimittaggāhavasenā</span>ti vaṇṇādito, sandhiādito ca vuttappakārauddhumātakanimittaggahaṇavasena. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu nimittaṃ gaṇhitabba</span>nti yathā uggahanimittaṃ upaṭṭhahati, evaṃ sammadeva asubhanimittaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Idāni tameva nimittassa suṭṭhu gahaṇākāraṃ upadisanto <span class="bld">‘‘satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">evaṃ punappunaṃ karontenā</span>ti yathā ‘‘imāya paṭipadāya jarāmaraṇato muccissāmī’’ti sañjātādarena satisampajaññañca suṭṭhu upaṭṭhapetvā uddhumātakaasubhaṃ paṭhamaṃ āvajjitaṃ, evaṃ punappunaṃ tattha āvajjanaṃ karontena. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ upadhāretabbañceva vavatthapetabbañcā</span>ti sakkaccaṃ satiyā sallakkhetabbañceva paññāya nicchetabbañca. Sati hi ‘‘dhāraṇā’’ti niddiṭṭhā, <span class="bld">dhāraṇa</span>ñcettha sallakkhaṇaṃ. Paññā ‘‘pavicayo’’ti (dha. sa. 16) niddiṭṭhā, <span class="bld">pavicayo</span> cettha nicchayoti. Atha vā <span class="bld">upadhāretabba</span>nti satipubbaṅgamāya paññāya upalakkhetabbaṃ<a name="M1.0208"></a>. Na hi kadāci satirahitā paññā atthi. <span class="bld">Vavatthapetabba</span>nti paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā nicchinitabbaṃ. Paññāsahitā eva hi sati idhādhippetā, na tabbirahitā. Addhakkhiapaṅgādivasenāpi olokanaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">‘‘ummīletvā oloketvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena paribyattameva olokanaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ punappunaṃ karontassā</span>ti vuttappakārena cakkhuṃ ummīletvā olokanaṃ, nimmīletvā āvajjanañca aparāparaṃ anekavāraṃ karontassa. <span class="bld">Uggahanimitta</span>nti uddhumātake uggaṇhananimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Suggahita</span>nti suṭṭhu gahitaṃ. Yathā na vinassati na pamuṭṭhaṃ hoti, evaṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekasadisa</span>nti samānasadisaṃ. Samānattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">eka</span>-saddo, yathā ‘‘ariyavinayeti vā, sappurisavinayeti vā, esese eke ekaṭṭhe same samabhāge tajjāte taññe vā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āgamanakāle</span>ti vihārato susānaṃ uddissa āgamanakāle. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti atidesavasena dīpitampi atthaṃ ‘‘ekakenā’’tiādinā sarūpato dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">tadeva kammaṭṭhāna</span>nti uddhumātakakammaṭṭhānaṃ. Mūlakammaṭṭhānanti eke, tadayuttaṃ. Upaṭṭhitanimittaṃ hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā <a name="V1.0196"></a> kammaṭṭhānantaramanasikāro rañño rajjaṃ chaḍḍetvā videsagamanaṃ viyāti. <span class="bld">Āgatenā</span>ti attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ āgatena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. <span class="bld">Avelāya</span>nti sañjhāvelādiayuttavelāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Bībhaccha</span>nti virūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Bheravārammaṇa</span>nti vetāḷasadisaṃ bhayānakaṃ visayaṃ. <span class="bld">Vikkhittacitto</span>ti bhīrukapuriso viya pisācādiṃ disvā cittavikkhepaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Ummattako viyā</span>ti yakkhummattako viya ekacco hoti. <span class="bld">Jhānavibbhantako</span>ti jhānato viccutako sīlavibbhantakamantavibbhantakā viya. <span class="bld">Santhambhetvā</span>ti uppannaparittāsavūpasamanena vigatakampatāya niccalo hutvā. <span class="bld">Satiṃ sūpaṭṭhita</span>ntiādi santhambhanassa upāyadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Matasarīraṃ uṭṭhahitvā anubandhanakaṃ</span> nāma natthi asati tādise mantappayoge. Sopi uddhumātakādibhāvamappatte avinaṭṭharūpe eva ijjhati, tathā devatādhiggaho, na evarūpeti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Saññajo</span>ti bhāvanāparikappasaññāya jāto. Tato eva <span class="bld">saññāsambhavo</span> saññāmattasamuṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Tāsaṃ vinodetvā</span>ti nimittupaṭṭhānanimittaṃ uppannacittasantāsaṃ vuttappakārena vinodetvā vūpasametvā<a name="M1.0209"></a>. ‘‘Idāni tava parissamo sapphalo jāto’’ti <span class="bld">hāsaṃ</span> pītiṃ pamodanaṃ <span class="bld">uppādetvā. Cittaṃ sañcarāpetabba</span>nti bhāvanācittaṃ pavattetabbaṃ manasikātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimittaggāha</span>nti nimittassa uggaṇhanaṃ, uggahanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampādento</span>ti sādhento nipphādento. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ upanibandhatī</span>ti bhāvanaṃ yathāvutte nimitte upanento nibandhati. Yogakammaṃ hi yogino sukhavisesānaṃ kāraṇabhāvato ‘‘kammaṭṭhāna’’nti adhippetaṃ, yogakammassa vā pavattiṭṭhānatāya yathāupaṭṭhitanimittaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ bhāvanācitte upanibandhati. Taṃ panassa upanibandhanaṃ sandhāya cittaṃ sañcarāpetabbaṃ. Evaṃ ‘‘visesamadhigacchatī’’ti vuttanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tassa hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tassā</span>ti yogino, tassa vā uddhumātakāsubhassa. <span class="bld">Mānasaṃ cārentassā</span>ti bhāvanācittaṃ aparāparaṃ pavattentassa, uggahanimittaṃ punappunaṃ manasi karontassāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Vīthisampaṭipādanatthā’’</span>ti padassa ‘‘kammaṭṭhānavīthiyā sampaṭipādanatthā’’ti atthaṃ vatvā taṃ pana kammaṭṭhānavīthiṃ, tassā ca sampaṭipādanavidhiṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sace hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">katimī</span>ti pakkhassa katamī, kiṃ dutiyā, tatiyādīsu vā aññatarāti attho. <span class="bld">Tuṇhībhūtena gantuṃ na vaṭṭati</span> pucchantānaṃ cittassa aññathattapariharaṇatthaṃ. Appasannānañhi pasādāya, pasannānañca bhiyyobhāvāya sāsanasampaṭipatti. <span class="bld">Nassatī</span>ti na dissati<a name="V1.0197"></a>, na upaṭṭhātīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Āgantukapaṭisanthāro kātabbo’’</span>ti iminā āgantukavattaṃ ekadesena dassitanti ‘‘avasesānipī’’ti vatvā āgantukavattaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ gahetuṃ puna <span class="bld">āgantuka</span>ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Gamikavattādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena āvāsikaanumodanapiṇḍacārikaanumodanapiṇḍacārikaāraññikasenāsanavaccakuṭivattādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Vattakkhandhake</span> (cūḷava. 356) hi āgatāni mahāvattāni idha <span class="bld">‘‘khandhakavattānī’’</span>ti vuttāni. Tajjanīyakammakatādikāle pana pārivāsikādikāle ca caritabbāni imassa bhikkhuno asambhavato idha nādhippetāni. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ vā antaradhāyatī</span>ti susāne ṭhitaṃ asubhanimittaṃ uddhumātakabhāvāpagamena antaradhāyati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uddhumātaka’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti tena <a name="M1.0210"></a> kāraṇena, imassa kammaṭṭhānassa dullabhattāti attho. Nisīditvā paccavekkhitabboti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nimittaṃ gahetuṃ gamane viya nimittaṃ gahetvā nivattanepi yathāsallakkhitadisādipaccavekkhaṇaṃ yāva nimittavināsā pavattitakiriyāya avicchedena upadhāraṇatthaṃ. Sati hi tassa nirantarūpadhāraṇe vihāraṃ pavisitvā nisinnakāle kammaṭṭhānassa upaṭṭhitākāro samathanimittassa gahaṇe cittassa samāhitākāro viya pākaṭo hutvā upatiṭṭheyyāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tassevaṃ…pe… vīthiṃ paṭipajjatī’’</span>ti. Purimākārena nimittassa pākaṭabhāvena upaṭṭhitattā purimākāreneva kammaṭṭhānamanasikāro bhāvanāvīthiṃ paṭipajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para116"></a><span class="paranum">116</span>. Uddhumātakaṃ nāma ativiya asuciduggandhajegucchapaṭikkūlaṃ bībhacchaṃ bhayānakañca, evarūpe ārammaṇe bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa evaṃ ābaddhaparikammassa thirībhūtasseva yogino adhippāyo samijjhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ānisaṃsadassāvī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti evameva vuttappakāreneva ānisaṃsadassāvinā. <span class="bld">Taṃ rakkheyyā</span>ti ‘‘addhā iminā sukhaṃ jīvissāmī’’ti attano jīvitaṃ viya taṃ maṇiratanaṃ rakkheyya. <span class="bld">Catudhātukammaṭṭhāniko</span>tiādi nesaṃ kammaṭṭhānānaṃ sulabhatādassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">catudhātukammaṭṭhāniko</span>ti catudhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ vā tattha vā niyutto, catudhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ vā pariharanto. <span class="bld">Itarānī</span>ti vuttāvasiṭṭhāni anussatibrahmavihārādīni. <span class="bld">Taṃ nimitta</span>nti taṃ yathāladdhaṃ uggahanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Rakkhitabba’’</span>nti vatvā rakkhaṇavidhiṃ puna dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rattiṭṭhāne’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. Nānā karīyati etenāti <span class="bld">nānākaraṇaṃ,</span> bhedo. <span class="bld">Bībhacchaṃ bheravadassanaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti</span> manasikārassa <a name="V1.0198"></a> anuḷāratāya, anupasantatāya ca ārammaṇassa. Tabbipariyāyato ‘‘paṭibhāganimittaṃ thūlaṅgapaccaṅgapuriso viya upaṭṭhātī’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti gocarajjhattato bahiddhā. <span class="bld">Kāmānaṃ amanasikārā</span>ti asubhabhāvanānubhāvena kāmasaññāya dūrasamussāritattā kāmaguṇe ārabbha manasikārasseva abhāvā. <span class="bld">Amanasikārā</span>ti vā manasikārapaṭipakkhahetu. Yāya hi kāmasaññāya vasena sattā kāme manasi karonti, tassā paṭipakkhabhūtā asubhasaññā kāmānaṃ amanasikāro, tannimittanti attho. Tenāha <a name="M1.0211"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘vikkhambhanavasena kāmacchando pahīyatī’’</span>ti. Paṭibhāganimittārammaṇāya hi asubhasaññāya saddhiṃ balappatto samādhi uppajjamānova kāmacchandaṃ vikkhambheti, anurodhamūlako āghāto mūlakāraṇe vikkhambhite vikkhambhitoyeva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anunaya…pe… pahīyatī’’</span>ti. Na hi kadāci pahīnānunayassa byāpādo sambhavati. Yathāvuttaasubhasaññāsahagatā hi pīti sātisayā pavattamānāva byāpādaṃ vikkhambhentī pavattati. <span class="bld">Tathā āraddhavīriyatāyā</span>ti yathā upacārajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tathā kammaṭṭhānamanasikāravasena paggahitavīriyatāya. Vīriyañhi paggaṇhantassa sammāsaṅkappo micchāsaṅkappaṃ viya savipphāratāya <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span> vikkhambhentameva uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vippaṭisāro pacchānutāpo, tappaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">avippaṭisāro</span> darathapariḷāhābhāvena cittassa nibbutatā. Tassa avippaṭisārassa paccayabhūtaṃ sīlaṃ, taṃsahagatā tadupanissayā ca pītipassaddhisukhādayo sabhāvato, hetuto ca santasabhāvā, tesaṃ anuyuñjanena avūpasantasabhāvaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘avippaṭisārakarasantadhammānuyogavasena uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīyatī’’</span>ti. Bhāvanāya hi pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ āvahantiyā yaṃ sātisayaṃ sukhaṃ labbhati, taṃ anupasantasabhāvaṃ uddhaccakukkuccaṃ vikkhambhentameva uppajjati. <span class="bld">Adhigatavisesassā</span>ti yathādhigatassa bhāvanāvisesassa. <span class="bld">Paccakkhatāyā</span>ti paṭipajjantassa yogino paccakkhabhāvato ‘‘sammāsambuddho vata so bhagavā, yo evarūpiṃ sammāpaṭipattiṃ desetī’’ti <span class="bld">paṭipattidesake satthari. Paṭipattiya</span>nti paṭipajjamānajjhānapaṭipattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipattiphale</span>ti tāya sādhetabbe lokiyalokuttaraphale. <span class="bld">Vicikicchā pahīyati</span> dhammanvayavicārāhitabalena vicārabalena. <span class="bld">Iti pañca nīvaraṇāni pahīyantī</span>ti evaṃ paṭibhāganimittapaṭilābhasamakālameva heṭṭhā pavattabhāvanānubhāvanipphannehi samādhiādīhi kāmacchandādīni pañca nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhanavasena pahīyanti. Na hi paṭipakkhena vinā pahātabbassa pahānaṃ sambhavati, paṭipakkhā <a name="V1.0199"></a> ca samādhiādayo kāmacchandādīnaṃ. Yathāha <span class="bld">peṭake</span> ‘‘samādhi kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho’’tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Teneva <a name="M1.0212"></a> ca ‘‘imehi tesaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ pahāna’’nti pahānaparidīpanamukhena jhānaṅgāni sarūpato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiññeva cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tasmiññeva cā</span>ti yaṃ taṃ yathāupaṭṭhitaṃ uggahanimittaṃ bhinditvā viya upaṭṭhitaṃ, tassa paṭicchannabhūtaṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ, tasmiññeva nimitte. <span class="bld">Cetaso</span>ti attanā sampayuttacittassa. <span class="bld">Abhiniropanalakkhaṇo</span>ti āropanalakkhaṇo, appanāsabhāvoti attho. Nimittānumajjanaṃ paṭibhāganimitte anuvicaraṇaṃ. Ārammaṇe hi bhamarassa padumassūpari anuparibbhamanaṃ viya vicārassa anuvicāraṇākārena pavatti <span class="bld">anumajjanakiccaṃ</span>. Viseso eva adhigantabbato visesādhigamo, paṭiladdho ca so visesādhigamo cāti paṭi…pe… gamo, tappaccayā taṃhetukā <span class="bld">paṭiladdhavisesādhigamapaccayā pīti. Pītimanassa</span> pītisahitacittassa. <span class="bld">Passaddhisambhavato</span>ti kāyacittapassaddhīnaṃ saṃsijjhanato. ‘‘Pītimanassa kāyo passambhatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Passaddhinimittaṃ</span> passaddhihetukaṃ <span class="bld">sukhaṃ</span> ‘‘passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vediyatī’’ti vacanato. <span class="bld">Sukhanimittā</span> sukhapaccayā <span class="bld">ekaggatā</span>. ‘‘Sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.466; a. ni. 3.96; 11.12) hi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Iti jhānaṅgāni pātubhavantī</span>ti evaṃ etāni vitakkādīni jhānaṅgāni tasmiṃyeva nimitte uppajjanti. <span class="bld">Paṭhamajjhānapaṭibimbabhūta</span>nti paṭhamajjhānassa paṭicchannabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṅkhaṇaññeva</span> paṭibhāganimittapaṭilābhasamakālameva upacārajjhānampi <span class="bld">nibbattati,</span> na nīvaraṇappahānamevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Vinīlakādikammaṭṭhānavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para118"></a><span class="paranum">118</span>. <span class="bld">Vinīlakādīsu</span>pi kammaṭṭhānesu. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇaṃ vutta</span>nti yaṃ taṃ nimittaggahaṇalakkhaṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti uddhumātake vuttanayeneva. Saha vinicchayena, adhippāyena cāti <span class="bld">savinicchayādhippāyaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ</span> lakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">veditabba</span>nti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kabarakabaravaṇṇa</span>nti yebhuyyena sabalavaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ussadavasenā</span>ti rattasetanīlavaṇṇesu ussadassa vaṇṇassa vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sannisinna</span>nti <a name="V1.0200"></a> niccalabhāveneva sabbaso thirataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Corāṭaviya</span>nti corehi pariyuṭṭhitaaraññe. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yasmiṃ āghātane. <span class="bld">Chinnapurisaṭṭhāne</span>ti chinnapurisavante ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Nānādisāyaṃ patitampī</span>ti <a name="M1.0213"></a> chinnaṃ hutvā sarīrassa khaṇḍadvayaṃ visuṃ disāsu patitampi. <span class="bld">Ekāvajjanenā</span>ti ekasamannāhārena. <span class="bld">Āpāthamāgacchatī</span>ti ekajjhaṃ āpāthaṃ āgacchati. <span class="bld">Vissāsaṃ āpajjatī</span>ti ajegucchitaṃ upagaccheyya seyyathāpi chavaḍāhako. Sahatthā aparāmasane jigucchā saṇṭhātiyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kattarayaṭṭhiyā vā daṇḍakena vā…pe… upanāmetabba’’</span>nti. Vicchiddakabhāvapaññāyanatthaṃ ekaṅgulantarakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanāmetabba</span>nti upanetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khāyitasadisamevā</span>ti khāyitāsubhasadisameva. <span class="bld">Aṅgulaṅgulantara</span>nti vividhaṃ khittaṃ sarīrāvayavaṃ aṅgulantaraṃ aṅgulantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Katvā vā</span>ti kattarayaṭṭhiyā vā daṇḍakena vā sayaṃ katvā vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Laddhappahārāna</span>nti laddhāvudhappahārānaṃ mukhatoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Mukhato</span>ti pahārādimukhato. <span class="bld">Paggharamānakāle</span>ti lohitaṃ paggharamānakāle. Lohitakaṃ labbhatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti puḷavakaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti soṇādisarīresu. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhika</span>nti aṭṭhikaasubhaṃ nānappakārato vuttanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti pubbe uddhumātake vuttanayeneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti aṭṭhikaṃ. <span class="bld">Na upaṭṭhātī</span>ti sabhāvato na upaṭṭhāti, paṭikkūlavasena na upaṭṭhātīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘odātakasiṇasambhedo hotī’’</span>ti. Aṭṭhike paṭhamavayādisaṃlakkhaṇaṃ na sakkāti <span class="bld">‘‘liṅganti idha hatthādīnaṃ nāma’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikā pana ‘‘ayaṃ daharassa, ayaṃ yobbane ṭhitassa, ayaṃ avayavehi vuddhipattissā’’ti evaṃ vayavasena vavatthapetuṃ sakkuṇeyyāva, abyāpitāya pana na gahitanti veditabbaṃ. Yadipi aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikāyaṃ sandhito vavatthāpanaṃ labbhati, aṭṭhike pana na labbhatīti tassa aniyatabhāvadīpanatthaṃ kamavilaṅghanaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘tassa tassa aṭṭhino ninnaṭṭhānathalaṭṭhānavasenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ninnaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma aṭṭhino vinatappadeso. <span class="bld">Thalaṭṭhānaṃ</span> unnatappadeso. <span class="bld">Ghaṭitaghaṭitaṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti anupagatanhārubandhānaṃ, itaresañca aññamaññaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkiliṭṭhaṭṭhānavasena. <span class="bld">Antaravasenā</span>ti aññamaññassa antaravasena, susiravasena ca. <span class="bld">Sabbatthevā</span>ti sakalāya aṭṭhisaṅkhalikāya, sabbasmiṃ vā aṭṭhike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para120"></a><span class="paranum">120</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti <a name="M1.0214"></a><a name="V1.0201"></a> etasmiṃ aṭṭhikāsubhe. <span class="bld">Yujjamānavasena sallakkhetabba</span>nti yaṃ nimittaggahaṇaṃ yattha yujjati, taṃ tattha uggaṇhanatthaṃ nimittaggahaṇavasena upalakkhetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakalāyā</span>ti anavasesabhāgāya paripuṇṇāvayavāya. <span class="bld">Sampajjati</span> nimittupaṭṭhānavasena. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṭṭhikesu. <span class="bld">Vuttaṃ</span> aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti ‘‘ekasadisamevā’’ti vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekasmiṃ aṭṭhike yutta</span>nti idaṃ yathā vinīlakādīsu ubhinnaṃ nimittānaṃ yathārahaṃ vaṇṇavisesato, paripuṇṇāparipuṇṇato, savivarāvivarato, calācalato ca viseso labbhati, na evametassāti katvā vuttaṃ, na pana sabbena sabbaṃ visesābhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṭṭhikepi cā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">bībhacchenā</span>ti suvibhūtaaṭṭhirūpattā aṭṭhibhāveneva virūpena. <span class="bld">Bhayānakenā</span>ti teneva pākatikasattānaṃ bhayāvahena. <span class="bld">Pītisomanassajanakenā</span>ti saṇhamaṭṭhabhāvena upaṭṭhānato, bhāvanāya ca savisesattā pītiyā, somanassassa ca uppādakena. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘upacārāvahattā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ okāse</span>ti uggahapaṭibhāganimittānaṃ vuttaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Dvāraṃ datvā vā</span>ti ‘‘paṭikkūlabhāveyeva diṭṭhe nimittaṃ nāma hotī’’ti ettake eva aṭṭhatvā anantarameva ‘‘duvidhaṃ idha nimitta’’ntiādinā uggahapaṭibhāganimittāni vibhajitvā vacanena yathāvuttassa nimittavibhāgassa dvāraṃ datvāva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbikappa</span>nti ‘‘subha’’nti vikappena nibbikappaṃ, asubhantvevāti attho. <span class="bld">Vicāretvā</span>ti ‘‘ekasmiṃ aṭṭhike yutta’’ntiādinā vicāretvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahātissattherassā</span>ti cetiyapabbatavāsīmahātissattherassa. <span class="bld">Nidassanānī</span>ti dantaṭṭhikamattadassanena sakalassāpi tassā itthiyā <span class="bld">sarīrassa aṭṭhisaṅghātabhāvena upaṭṭhānādīni ettha</span> aṭṭhikakammaṭṭhāne uggahapaṭibhāganimittānaṃ visesavibhāvanāni udāharaṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subhaguṇo</span>ti savāsanānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahīnattā suparisuddhaguṇo. <span class="bld">Dasasatalocanenā</span>ti sahassakkhena devānamindena. So hi ekāsaneneva sahassaatthānaṃ vicāraṇasamatthena paññācakkhunā samannāgatattā ‘‘sahassakkho’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Thutakittī</span>ti ‘‘yo dhīro sabbadhi danto’’tiādinā (mahāva. 58) abhitthutakittisaddo.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para121"></a><span class="paranum">121</span>. Ujupaṭipakkhena <a name="M1.0215"></a><a name="V1.0202"></a> pahīnabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘suvikkhambhitarāgattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asubhappabhedo</span>ti uddhumātakādiasubhavibhāgo. <span class="bld">Sarīrasabhāvappattivasenā</span>ti sarīrassa attano sabhāvūpagamanavasena. Sarīrañhi vinassamānaṃ aññarūpena ṭhitassa rakkhasassa viya sabhāvappattivaseneva vinassati. <span class="bld">Rāgacaritabhedavasenā</span>ti rāgacaritavibhāgavasena. Yadi sarīrasabhāvappattivasena ayamasubhappabhedo vutto, <span class="bld">mahāsatipaṭṭhānādīsu</span> (dī. ni. 2.372 ādayo; ma. ni. 1.105 ādayo) kathaṃ navappabhedoti? So sarasato eva sabhāvappattivasena vutto, ayaṃ pana parūpakkamenāpi. Tattha ca idhāgatesu dasasu asubhesu ekaccāneva gahitāni, aṭṭhikañca pañcavidhā vibhattaṃ. Tāni ca vipassanāvasena, imāni samathavasenāti pākaṭoyaṃ bhedoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana dassanampi asubhabhāvasāmaññena satipi avisesato rāgacaritānaṃ sappāyabhāve yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘rāgacaritabhedavasena cā’’ti, taṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘visesato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Sūnabhāvena susaṇṭhitampi sarīraṃ dussaṇṭhitameva hotīti uddhumātakasarīre saṇṭhānavipattiṃ dīpetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sarīrasaṇṭhānavipattippakāsanato’’</span>ti. Saṇṭhānasampattiyaṃ ratto <span class="bld">saṇṭhānarāgī,</span> tassa <span class="bld">sappāyaṃ</span> saṇṭhānarāgassa vikkhambhanupāyabhāvato. Kāyo eva <span class="bld">kāyavaṇo,</span> tattha <span class="bld">paṭibaddhassa</span> nissitassa. <span class="bld">Susirabhāvappakāsanato</span>ti susirassa vivarassa atthibhāvappakāsanato. <span class="bld">Sarīre ghanabhāvarāgino</span>ti sarīre aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ thirabhāvaṃ paṭicca uppajjanakarāgavato. <span class="bld">Vikkhepappakāsanato</span>ti soṇasiṅgālādīhi ito cito ca vikkhepassa pakāsanato <span class="bld">aṅgapaccaṅgalīlārāgino sappāyaṃ</span>. Īdisānaṃ kira anavaṭṭhitarūpānaṃ avayavānaṃ ko līḷāvilāsoti virāgasambhavato. <span class="bld">Saṅghātabhedavikārappakāsanato</span>ti saṅghātassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ saṃhatabhāvassa susambandhatāya bhedo eva vikāro saṅghātabhedavikāro, tassa pakāsanato. Lohitaṃ makkhitaṃ hutvā paṭikkūlabhāvo <span class="bld">lohitamakkhitapaṭikkūlabhāvo,</span> tassa <span class="bld">pakāsanato. Mamattarāgino</span>ti ‘‘mama aya’’nti uppajjanakarāgavato. <span class="bld">Dantasampattirāgino</span>ti dantasampattiyaṃ rajjanasīlassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M1.0216"></a> panettha uddhumātakādike paṭhamajjhānameva uppajjati, na dutiyādīnīti anuyogaṃ <a name="V1.0203"></a> manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aparisaṇṭhitajalāyā</span>ti sotavasena pavattiyā samantato aṭṭhitajalāya asannisinnasalilāya. <span class="bld">Arittabalenā</span>ti pājanadaṇḍabalena. <span class="bld">Dubbalattā ārammaṇassā</span>ti paṭikkūlabhāvena attani cittaṃ ṭhapetuṃ asamatthabhāvo ārammaṇassa dubbalatā. Paṭikkūle hi ārammaṇe sarasato cittaṃ pavattituṃ na sakkoti, abhiniropanalakkhaṇena pana vitakkena abhiniropiyamānameva cittaṃ ekaggataṃ labhati. <span class="bld">Na vinā vitakkenā</span>ti vitakkarahitāni dutiyādijjhānāni tattha patiṭṭhaṃ na labhanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vitakkabalenevā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi paṭikkūlabhāvato uddhumātādiārammaṇe dutiyādijjhānāni na pavattanti, evaṃ sante paṭhamajjhānenāpi tattha na uppajjitabbaṃ. Na hi tattha pītisomanassānaṃ sambhavo yuttoti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭikkūlepi ca etasmi’’</span>ntiādi. Tattha ānisaṃsadassāvitānīvaraṇasantāparogavūpasamānaṃ yathākkamaṃ pupphacchaḍḍaka, vamanavirecanaupamā yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para122"></a><span class="paranum">122</span>. Yathāvuttakāraṇena dasadhā vavatthitampi sabhāvato ekavidhamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dasavidhampi ceta’’</span>ntiādiṃ vatvā svāyaṃ sabhāvo yathā aviññāṇakesu, evaṃ saviññāṇakesupi labbhateva. Tasmā tatthāpi yonisomanasikāravato bhāvanā ijjhatevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tadetaṃ iminā lakkhaṇenā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ jīvamānakasarīre. <span class="bld">Alaṅkārenā</span>ti paṭijagganapubbakena alaṅkaraṇena. <span class="bld">Na paññāyati</span> pacurajanassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Atirekatisataaṭṭhikasamussayaṃ</span> dantaṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ, tehi pana vinā ‘‘timattāni aṭṭhisatānī’’ti (visuddhi. 1.190) kāyagatāsatiyaṃ vakkhati. <span class="bld">Chiddāvachidda</span>nti khuddānukhuddachiddavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Medakathālikā</span> medabharitabhājanaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccuggharitapaggharita</span>nti niccakālaṃ upari, heṭṭhā ca vissavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Vematta</span>nti nānattaṃ. <span class="bld">Nānāvatthehī</span>ti nānāvaṇṇehi vatthehi. Hiriyā lajjāya kopanato vināsanato <span class="bld">hirikopinaṃ,</span> uccārapassāvamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāthāvasarasa</span>nti yathābhūtaṃ sabhāvaṃ. Yāthāvato rasīyati ñāyatīti hi <span class="bld">raso,</span> sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Rati</span>nti abhiratiṃ abhiruciṃ. Attasinehasaṅkhātena <a name="M1.0217"></a> rāgena rattā <span class="bld">attasineharāgarattā. Vihaññamānenā</span>ti icchitālābhena vighātaṃ āpajjantena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kiṃsuka</span>nti pālibhaddakaṃ, palāsoti keci, simbalīti apare. <span class="bld">Atilolupo</span>ti ativiya lolasabhāvo<a name="V1.0204"></a>. <span class="bld">Adu</span>nti etaṃ. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti kesādisarīrakoṭṭhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Mucchitā</span>ti mohitā, mucchāpāpikāya vā taṇhāya vasena mucchaṃ pattā. <span class="bld">Sabhāva</span>nti paṭikkūlabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkarūpamo</span>ti uccārapassāvaṭṭhānasamo, vaccakūpasamo vā. <span class="bld">Cakkhubhūtehī</span>ti cakkhuṃ pattehi paṭiladdhapaññācakkhukehi, lokassa vā cakkhubhūtehi. <span class="bld">Allacammapaṭicchanno</span>ti allacammapariyonaddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dabbajātikenā</span>ti uttarimanussadhamme paṭiladdhuṃ bhabbarūpena. <span class="bld">Yattha yattha</span> sarīre, sarīrassa vā yattha yattha koṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ gahetvā</span>ti asubhākārassa suṭṭhu sallakkhaṇavasena yathā uggahanimittaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ uggaṇhanavasena nimittaṃ gahetvā, uggahanimittaṃ uppādetvāti attho. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ appanaṃ pāpetabba</span>nti yathāladdhe uggahanimitte kammaṃ karontena paṭibhāganimittaṃ uppādetvā upacārajjhāne ṭhitena tameva bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpentena asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ appanaṃ pāpetabbaṃ. Adhigatappano hi paṭhamajjhāne ṭhito tameva jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā saṅkhāre sammasanto nacirasseva sabbāsave khepetīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Asubhakammaṭṭhānaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti chaṭṭhaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">7. Chaanussatiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Buddhānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para123"></a><span class="paranum">123</span>. <span class="bld">Asubhānantara</span>nti <a name="M1.0218"></a><a name="V1.0205"></a> asubhakammaṭṭhānānantaraṃ. <span class="bld">Anussatīsū</span>ti anussatikammaṭṭhānesu. ‘‘Anu anu sati anussatī’’ti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ uppajjanato’’</span>ti vatvā na ettha <span class="bld">anu</span>-saddayogena sati-saddo atthantaravācakoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘satiyeva anussatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena nāyamanu-saddo ‘‘upalabbhatī’’tiādīsu upa-saddo viya anatthako, nāpi ‘‘sañjānanaṃ pajānana’’ntiādīsu saṃ-saddādayo viya atthantaradīpakoti dasseti. ‘‘Pavattitabbaṭṭhānamhiyeva vā pavattattā’’ti iminā ca anussatiyā anussaritabbānurūpatā vuttā hotīti pavattakasseva anurūpataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kulaputtassa anurūpā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, saddhāpabbajitassa vā kulaputtassa. Anurūpatā nāma pavattitabbaṭṭhānassa anurūpatāya eva hotīti pavattakasseva anurūpatā vuttā, na ubhayassa. <span class="bld">Anurūpā</span>ti ca yuttāti attho. <span class="bld">Buddha</span>nti ye guṇe upādāya bhagavati ‘‘buddho’’ti paññatti, te guṇe ekajjhaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā etamadhivacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ārabbhā</span>ti ālambitvā. <span class="bld">Dhamma</span>nti pariyattidhammena saddhiṃ navavidhampi lokuttaradhammaṃ. Nanu ca nibbānaṃ visuṃ kammaṭṭhānabhāvena vakkhati? Kiñcāpi vakkhati, dhammabhāvasāmaññena pana maggaphalehi saddhiṃ idha pāḷiyā saṅgahitattā tassāpi dhammānussatikammaṭṭhāne gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, asaṅkhatāmatādibhāvena pana maggaphalehi visiṭṭhatāya tassa visuṃ kammaṭṭhānabhāvena gahaṇaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Sīlānussati</span>ādīnaṃ pana tissannaṃ anussatīnaṃ visuṃ kammaṭṭhānabhāvena gahaṇaṃ yogāvacarassa attano eva sīlassa cāgassa saddhādīnañca anussatiṭṭhānabhāvena gahetabbattā. <span class="bld">Rūpakāyaṃ gatā</span>ti attano karajakāyaṃ ārabbha ārammaṇakaraṇavasena pavattā. <span class="bld">Kāye</span>ti kāye visayabhūte. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhāsanimittārammaṇāyā</span>ti kesādikoṭṭhāsesu paṭikkūlanimittārammaṇāya. Ito purimāsu sattasu anussatīsu natthi nimittuppatti<a name="V1.0206"></a>, idha atthīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">nimitta</span>-ggahaṇaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">assāsapassāsanimittārammaṇāyā</span>ti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Upasama</span>nti sabbasaṅkhārūpasamaṃ, nibbānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para124"></a><span class="paranum">124</span>. Avecca <a name="M1.0219"></a> buddhaguṇe yāthāvato ñatvā uppanno pasādo <span class="bld">aveccappasādo,</span> ariyamaggena āgatappasādo, taṃsadisopi vā yo diṭṭhigatavātehi acalo asampakampiyo, tena <span class="bld">samannāgatena</span>. Tādisassa buddhānussatibhāvanā ijjhati, na itarassa. <span class="bld">Patirūpasenāsane</span>ti yathāvuttaaṭṭhārasadosavajjite pañcaṅgasamannāgate senāsane. <span class="bld">Rahogatenā</span>ti rahasi gatena. Tena kāyavivekaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Paṭisallīnenā</span>ti nānārammaṇato paṭisallīnena, bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇato paṭikkamāpetvā kammaṭṭhāne sallīnena, susiliṭṭhacittenāti attho. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti imāya pāḷiyā āgatanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So bhagavā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">so</span>ti yo so samatiṃsa pāramiyo pūretvā sabbakilese bhañjitvā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho devānaṃ atidevo brahmānaṃ atibrahmā lokanātho bhāgyavantatādīhi kāraṇehi sadevake loke ‘‘bhagavā’’ti patthaṭakittisaddo, so. <span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>ti idaṃ satthu nāmakittanaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘bhagavāti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kata’’ntiādi (mahāni. 198, 210; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 2). Parato pana <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>ti guṇakittanaṃ. <span class="bld">Araha</span>ntiādīsu navasu ṭhānesu paccekaṃ itipi-saddaṃ yojetvā buddhaguṇā anussaritabbāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘itipi arahaṃ…pe… itipi bhagavāti anussaratī’’</span>ti āha. ‘‘Itipetaṃ bhūtaṃ itipetaṃ taccha’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.6) viya <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo āsannapaccakkhakaraṇattho, <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena nesaṃ bahubhāvo dīpito, tāni ca guṇasallakkhaṇakāraṇāni bhāventena cittassa sammukhībhūtāni kātabbānīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘iminā ca iminā ca kāraṇenāti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para125"></a><span class="paranum">125</span>. Dūratā nāma āsannatā viya upādāyupādāya vuccatīti paramukkaṃsagataṃ dūrabhāvaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘suvidūravidūre’’</span>ti āha, suṭṭhu vidūrabhāveneva vidūreti attho. Sā panassa kilesato dūratā tesaṃ sabbaso pahīnattāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘maggena kilesānaṃ viddhaṃsitattā’’</span>ti. Nanu aññesampi khīṇāsavānaṃ te pahīnā evāti anuyogaṃ manasi katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘savāsanāna’’</span>nti. Na hi bhagavantaṃ ṭhapetvā aññe saha vāsanāya kilese pahātuṃ sakkonti<a name="V1.0207"></a>, etena aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ <a name="M1.0220"></a> bhagavato arahattanti dassitaṃ hoti. Kā panāyaṃ vāsanā nāma? Pahīnakilesassāpi appahīnakilesassa payogasadisapayogahetubhūto kilesanihito sāmatthiyaviseso āyasmato <span class="bld">pilindavacchassa</span> (pārā. 621) vasalasamudācāranimittaṃ viya. Kathaṃ pana ‘‘ārakā’’ti vutte ‘‘kilesehī’’ti ayamattho labbhatīti? Sāmaññajotanāya visese avaṭṭhānato, visesatthinā ca visesassa anupayojetabbato, ‘‘ārakāssa honti pāpakā akusalā dhammā’’tiādīni (ma. ni. 1.434) suttapadānettha udāharitabbāni. <span class="bld">Ārakā</span>ti cettha ā-kārassa rassattaṃ, ka-kārassa ca ha-kāraṃ, sānusāraṃ katvā niruttinayena <span class="bld">‘‘araha’’</span>nti padasiddhi veditabbā. Vuttamevatthaṃ sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so tato ārakā nāmā’’</span>ti gāthābandhamāha. Tattha samañjanasīlo samaṅgī, na samaṅgitā <span class="bld">asamaṅgitā</span> asamannāgamo asahavuttitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para126"></a><span class="paranum">126</span>. Anatthacaraṇena kilesā eva arayoti <span class="bld">kilesārayo</span>. ‘‘Arīnaṃ hatattā arihā’’ti vattabbe niruttinayena <span class="bld">‘‘araha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para127"></a><span class="paranum">127</span>. Yañcetaṃ saṃsāracakkanti sambandho. Rathacakkassa nābhi viya mūlāvayavabhūtaṃ anto, bahi ca samavaṭṭhitaṃ avijjābhavataṇhāmayaṃ dvayanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avijjābhavataṇhāmayanābhī’’</span>ti. Nābhiyā, nemiyā ca sambandhā arasadisā paccayaphalabhūtehi avijjātaṇhājarāmaraṇehi sambandhā puññādisaṅkhārāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘puññādiabhisaṅkhārāra’’</span>nti. Tattha tattha bhave pariyantabhāvena pākaṭaṃ jarāmaraṇanti taṃ nemiṭṭhāniyaṃ katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘jarāmaraṇanemī’’</span>ti. Yathā ca rathacakkapavattiyā padhānakāraṇaṃ akkho, evaṃ saṃsāracakkapavattiyā āsavasamudayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āsavasamudayamayena akkhena vijjhitvā’’</span>ti. Āsavā eva avijjādīnaṃ kāraṇattā āsavasamudayo. Yathāha ‘‘āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.103). Vipākakaṭattārūpappabhedo kāmabhavādiko tibhavo eva ratho, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">tibhavarathe</span>. Attano paccayehi samaṃ, sabbaso vā ādito paṭṭhāya yojitanti <span class="bld">samāyojitaṃ</span>. Ādirahitaṃ kālaṃ pavattatīti katvā <span class="bld">anādikālappavattaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Khandhānañca <a name="M1.0221"></a> paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, ‘saṃsāro’ti pavuccatī’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.95 apasādanāvaṇṇanā; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 2.2.60; a. ni. aṭṭha. 2.4.199) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0208"></a> vuttasaṃsārova <span class="bld">saṃsāracakkaṃ. Anenā</span>ti bhagavatā. <span class="bld">Bodhimaṇḍe</span>ti bodhisaṅkhātassa ñāṇassa maṇḍabhāvappatte ṭhāne, kāle vā. <span class="bld">Vīriyapādehī</span>ti saṃkilesavodānapakkhiyesu sannirumbhanasannikkhipanakiccatāya dvidhā pavattehi attano vīriyasaṅkhātehi pādehi. <span class="bld">Sīlapathaviya</span>nti patiṭṭhaṭṭhena sīlameva pathavī, tassaṃ. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhāyā</span>ti sampādanavasena patiṭṭhahitvā. <span class="bld">Saddhāhatthenā</span>ti anavajjadhammādānasādhanato saddhāva hattho, tena. <span class="bld">Kammakkhayakara</span>nti kāyakammādibhedassa sabbassapi kammassa khayakaraṇato kammakkhayakaraṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāṇapharasu</span>nti samādhisilāyaṃ sunisitamaggañāṇapharasuṃ gahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para128"></a><span class="paranum">128</span>. Evaṃ ‘‘arānaṃ hatattā’’ti ettha vuttaaraghāte saṃsāraṃ cakkaṃ viya cakkanti gahetvā atthayojanaṃ katvā idāni paṭiccasamuppādadesanākkamenapi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">anamataggaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭa</span>nti anu anu amataggaṃ aviññātakoṭikaṃ saṃsāramaṇḍalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesā dasa dhammā</span> saṅkhārādayo jātipariyosānā <span class="bld">arā</span>. Kathaṃ? Nābhiyā avijjāya mūlato, nemiyā jarāmaraṇena antato sambandhattāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘avijjāmūlakattā jarāmaraṇapariyantattā cā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dukkhādīsū</span>ti dukkhasamudayanirodhamaggesu. Tattha dukkhe <span class="bld">aññāṇaṃ</span> tadantogadhattā, tappaṭicchādanato ca, sesesu paṭicchādanatova. <span class="bld">Dukkha</span>nti cettha dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ adhippetanti taṃ kāmabhavādivasena tidhā bhinditvā tathā tappaṭicchādikaṃ avijjaṃ, avijjādipaccaye tīsu bhavesu saṅkhārādike ca paṭipāṭiyā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kāmabhave ca avijjā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmabhave avijjā</span>ti kāmabhave ādīnavappaṭicchādikā avijjā. <span class="bld">Rūpabhave arūpabhave avijjā</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kāmabhave saṅkhārāna</span>nti kāmabhūmipariyāpannānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ, kāmabhave vā nipphādetabbā ye saṅkhārā, tesaṃ kāmabhavūpapattinibbattakasaṅkhārānanti attho. <span class="bld">Paccayo hotī</span>ti puññābhisaṅkhārānaṃ tāva ārammaṇapaccayena ceva upanissayapaccayena cāti dvidhā paccayo hoti. Apuññābhisaṅkhāresu sahajātassa sahajātādivasena<a name="M1.0222"></a>, asahajātassa anantarasamanantarādivasena, nānantarassa pana ārammaṇavasena ceva upanissayavasena ca paccayo hoti. <span class="bld">Arūpabhave saṅkhārāna</span>nti āneñjābhisaṅkhārānaṃ<a name="V1.0209"></a>. <span class="bld">Paccayo hoti</span> upanissayavaseneva. Imasmiṃ panatthe ettha vitthāriyamāne atippapañco hoti, sayameva ca parato āgamissatīti na naṃ vitthārayāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ āyatanāna</span>nti cakkhusotamanāyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekassāyatanassā</span>ti manāyatanassa. Iminā nayena phassādīnampi vibhāgo veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tattha tattha sā sā taṇhā</span>ti rūpataṇhādibhedā tattha tattha kāmabhavādīsu uppajjanakā taṇhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṇhādimūlikā kathā atisaṃkhittāti taṃ, upādānabhave ca vibhajitvā vitthāretvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘kāme paribhuñjissāmī’’</span>ti iminā kāmataṇhāpavattimāha. Tathā <span class="bld">‘‘saggasampattiṃ anubhavissāmī’’</span>tiādīhi. Sā pana taṇhā yasmā bhusamādānavasena pavattamānā kāmupādānaṃ nāma hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmupādānapaccayā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti kāmupādānapaccayā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Brahmalokasampatti</span>nti rūpībrahmaloke sampattiṃ. ‘‘Sabbepi tebhūmakā dhammā kāmanīyaṭṭhena kāmā’’ti (mahāni. 1; cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 8 thoka visadisaṃ) vacanato bhavarāgopi kāmupādānamevāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘kāmupādānapaccayā eva mettaṃ bhāvetī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesupādānamūlikāsupī</span>ti etthāyaṃ yojanā – idhekacco ‘‘natthi paro loko’’ti natthikadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti, so diṭṭhupādānapaccayā kāyena duccaritaṃ caratītiādi vuttanayena yojetabbaṃ. Aparo ‘‘asukasmiṃ sampattibhave attā ucchijjatī’’ti ucchedadiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti, so tatrūpapattiyā kāyena sucaritaṃ caratītiādi vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Aparo ‘‘rūpī manomayo hutvā attā ucchijjatī’’ti rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpāripūriyā</span>ti sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Aparo ‘‘arūpabhave uppajjitvā attā ucchijjatī’’ti arūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāpāripūriyā</span>ti sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Etāhiyeva attavādupādānamūlikāpi yojanā saṃvaṇṇitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādavasenāpi <a name="M1.0223"></a> yojanā veditabbā. Aparo ‘‘sīlena suddhī’’ti ‘‘asuddhimaggaṃ suddhimaggo’’ti parāmasanto sīlabbatupādānapaccayā kāyena duccaritaṃ caratītiādinā sabbaṃ vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yvāyaṃ saṃsāracakkaṃ dassentena ‘‘kāmabhave avijjā kāmabhave saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo hotī’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0210"></a> avijjādīnaṃ paccayabhāvo, saṅkhārādīnaṃ paccayuppannabhāvo ca dassito, tameva <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷiṃ</span> ānetvā nigamanavasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ aya’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha yathā saṅkhārā hetunibbattā, evaṃ avijjāpi kāmāsavādinā sahetukā evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhopete hetusamuppannā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paccayapariggahe</span>ti nāmarūpassa paccayānaṃ avijjādīnaṃ paricchijja gahaṇe, nipphādetabbe bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Paññā</span>ti kaṅkhāvitaraṇavisuddhisaṅkhātā pakārato jānanā. <span class="bld">Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa</span>nti paṭiccasamuppādāvabodho. Idañca dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ yasmā addhāttaye kaṅkhāmalavitaraṇavasena pavattati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘atītampi addhāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eteneva nayenā</span>ti etena ‘‘avijjā hetū’’tiādinā avijjāyaṃ vuttena nayena. ‘‘Saṅkhārā hetu, viññāṇaṃ hetusamuppanna’’ntiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.46) <span class="bld">sabbapadāni vitthāretabbāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṃkhippanti ettha avijjādayo, viññāṇādayo cāti <span class="bld">saṅkhepo,</span> hetu, vipāko ca. Hetu vipākoti vā saṃkhippatīti <span class="bld">saṅkhepo,</span> avijjādayo viññāṇādayo ca. Saṅkhepabhāvasāmaññena pana ekavacanaṃ katanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Te pana saṅkhepā atīte hetu, etarahi vipāko, etarahi hetu, āyatiṃ vipākoti evaṃ kālavibhāgena cattāro jātā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘purimasaṅkhepo cettha atīto addhā’’</span>tiādi. Saṅkhepa-saddo vā bhāgādhivacananti atīto hetubhāgo paṭhamo saṅkhepo. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Taṇhupādānabhavā gahitāva honti</span> kilesakammabhāvasāmaññato, tehi vinā avijjāsaṅkhārānaṃ sakiccākaraṇato ca. Kammaṃ taṇhā ca tassa sahakārīkāraṇaṃ hutvā vaṭṭanatthena <span class="bld">kammavaṭṭaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Viññāṇanāmarūpasaḷāyatanaphassavedanānaṃ jātijarābhaṅgāvatthā ‘‘jātijarāmaraṇa’’nti vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘jātijarāmaraṇāpadesena</span> <span class="bld">viññāṇādīnaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0224"></a> <span class="bld">niddiṭṭhattā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ime</span>ti viññāṇādayo. <span class="bld">Āyatiṃ vipākavaṭṭaṃ</span> paccuppannahetuto bhāvīnaṃ anāgatānaṃ gahitattā. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti avijjādayo. <span class="bld">Ākārato</span>ti sarūpato avuttāpi tasmiṃ tasmiṃ saṅgahe ākirīyanti avijjāsaṅkhārādiggahaṇehi pakāsīyantīti ākārā, atītahetuādīnaṃ vā pakārā ākārā, tato ākārato. <span class="bld">Vīsatividhā honti</span> atītehetupañcakādibhedato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhāraviññāṇānaṃ antarā eko sandhī</span>ti hetuto phalassa avicchedappavattibhāvato hetuphalasambandhabhūto eko sandhi. Tathā <span class="bld">bhavajātīnamantarā. Vedanātaṇhānamantarā</span> pana phalato hetuno <a name="V1.0211"></a> avicchedappavattibhāvato phalahetusambandhabhūto eko sandhi. Phalabhūtopi hi dhammo aññassa hetusabhāvassa dhammassa paccayo hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘catusaṅkhepa’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Sabbākārato</span>ti idha vuttehi, avuttehi ca <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 225 ādayo), anantanayasamantapaṭṭhānādīsu ca āgatehi sabbehi ākārehi. <span class="bld">Jānātī</span>ti avabujjhati. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti dassanabhūtena ñāṇacakkhunā paccakkhato passati. <span class="bld">Aññāti paṭivijjhatī</span>ti tesaṃyeva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ jānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñātaṭṭhenā</span>ti yathāsabhāvato jānanaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Pajānanaṭṭhenā</span>ti aniccādīhi pakārehi paṭivijjhanaṭṭhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yadatthamidaṃ bhavacakkaṃ idhānītaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘iminā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">te dhamme</span>ti te avijjādike dhamme. <span class="bld">Yathābhūtaṃ ñatvā</span>ti mahāvajirañāṇena yāthāvato jānitvā. <span class="bld">Nibbindanto</span> balavavipassanāya <span class="bld">virajjanto vimuccanto</span> ariyamaggehi <span class="bld">are hanī</span>ti yojanā. Tattha yadā bhagavā virajjati vimuccati, tadā are hanati nāma. Tato paraṃ pana abhisambuddhakkhaṇaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘hani vihani viddhaṃsesī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para129"></a><span class="paranum">129</span>. Cakkavattino acetane cakkaratane uppanne tattheva loko pūjaṃ karoti, aññattha pūjāvisesā pacchijjanti, kimaṅgaṃ pana sammāsambuddhe uppanneti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘uppanne tathāgate’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Ko pana vādo aññesaṃ pūjāvisesāna</span>nti yathāvuttato aññesaṃ amahesakkhehi devamanussehi kariyamānānaṃ nātiuḷārānaṃ pūjāvisesānaṃ arahabhāve <a name="M1.0225"></a> kā nāma kathā. <span class="bld">Atthānurūpa</span>nti arahattatthassa anurūpaṃ anvatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para130"></a><span class="paranum">130</span>. <span class="bld">Asilokabhayenā</span>ti akittibhayena. <span class="bld">Raho pāpaṃ karonti</span> ‘‘mā naṃ koci jaññā’’ti <span class="bld">esa</span> bhagavā <span class="bld">na kadāci karoti</span> pāpahetūnaṃ bodhimaṇḍe eva suppahīnattā. Aparo nayo – ārakāti <span class="bld">arahaṃ,</span> suvidūrabhāvatoicceva attho. Kuto pana suvidūrabhāvatoti? Ye abhāvitakāyā abhāvitasīlā abhāvitacittā abhāvitapaññā, tato eva appahīnarāgadosamohā ariyadhammassa akovidā ariyadhamme avinītā ariyadhammassa adassāvino appaṭipannā micchāpaṭipannā ca, tato suvidūrabhāvato. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Saṅghāṭikaṇṇecepi <a name="V1.0212"></a> me, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gahetvā piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandho assa pāde pādaṃ nikkhipanto, so ca hoti abhijjhālu kāmesu tibbasārāgo byāpannacitto paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo muṭṭhassati asampajāno asamāhito vibbhantacitto pākatindriyo. Atha kho so ārakāva mayhaṃ, ahañca tassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dhammaṃ hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na passati, dhammaṃ apassanto maṃ na passatī’’ti (itivu. 92).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttapuggalā hi sacepi sāyaṃ pātaṃ satthu santikāvacarāva siyuṃ, na te tāvatā ‘‘satthu santikā’’ti vattabbā, tathā satthāpi nesaṃ. Iti asappurisānaṃ ārakā dūreti <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sammā na paṭipajjanti, ye nihīnāsayā narā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārakā tehi bhagavā, dūre tenā<span class="bld">rahaṃ</span> mato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathā ārakāti <span class="bld">arahaṃ,</span> āsannabhāvatoti attho. Kuto pana āsannabhāvatoti? Ye bhāvitakāyā bhāvitasīlā bhāvitacittā bhāvitapaññā, tato eva pahīnarāgadosamohā ariyadhammassa kovidā ariyadhamme suvinītā ariyadhammassa dassāvino sammāpaṭipannā, tato āsannabhāvato. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yojanasate <a name="M1.0226"></a> cepi me, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vihareyya, so ca hoti anabhijjhālu kāmesu na tibbasārāgo abyāpannacitto appaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo upaṭṭhitassati sampajāno samāhito ekaggacitto saṃvutindriyo. Atha kho so santikeva mayhaṃ, ahañca tassa. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dhammaṃ hi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passati, dhammaṃ passanto maṃ passatī’’ti (itivu. 92).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tathārūpā hi puggalā satthu yojanasahassantarikāpi honti, na tāvatā te ‘‘satthu dūracārino’’ti vattabbā, tathā satthāpi nesaṃ. Iti sappurisānaṃ ārakā āsanneti <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ye <a name="V1.0213"></a> sammā paṭipajjanti, suppaṇītādhimuttikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ārakā tehi āsanne, tenāpi <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span> jino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye ime rāgādayo pāpadhammā yasmiṃ santāne uppajjanti, tassa diṭṭhadhammikampi samparāyikampi anatthaṃ āvahanti. Nibbānagāminiyā paṭipadāya ekaṃseneva ujuvipaccanīkabhūtā ca, te attahitaṃ, parahitañca paripūretuṃ sammā paṭipajjantehi sādhūhi dūrato rahitabbā pariccajitabbā pahātabbāti <span class="bld">rahā</span> nāma, te ca yasmā bhagavato bodhimūleyeva ariyamaggena sabbaso pahīnā samucchinnā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Tathāgatassa kho, brāhmaṇa, rāgo pahīno doso moho, sabbepi pāpakā akusalā dhammā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṃkatā āyatiṃ anuppādadhammā’’ti (pārā. 9-10 atthato samānaṃ).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā sabbaso na santi etassa rahāti arahoti vattabbe okārassa sānusāraṃ a-kārādesaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘araha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Pāpadhammā rahā nāma, sādhūhi rahitabbato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tesaṃ suṭṭhu pahīnattā, bhagavā <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span> mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye te sabbaso pariññātakkhandhā pahīnakilesā bhāvitamaggā sacchikatanirodhā arahanto khīṇāsavā, ye ca sekkhā appattamānasā anuttaraṃ <a name="M1.0227"></a> yogakkhemaṃ patthayamānā viharanti, ye ca parisuddhapayogā kalyāṇajjhāsayā saddhāsīlasutādiguṇasampannā puggalā, tehi na rahitabbo na pariccajitabbo, te ca bhagavatāti <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>. Tathā hi ariyapuggalā satthārā diṭṭhadhammassa paccakkhakaraṇato satthu dhammasarīrena avirahitā eva honti. Yathāha āyasmā <span class="bld">piṅgiyo</span> –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Passāmi naṃ manasā cakkhunāva,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Rattindivaṃ brāhmaṇa appamatto;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Namassamāno <a name="V1.0214"></a> vivasemi rattiṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Teneva maññāmi avippavāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saddhā ca pīti ca mano sati ca,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Nāpentime gotamasāsanamhā;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yaṃ yaṃ disaṃ vajati bhūripañño,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sa tena teneva natohamasmī’’ti. (su. ni. 1148-1149);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Teneva ca te aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisanti. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddiseyyāti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.128; a. ni. 1.276).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kalyāṇaputhujjanāpi yebhuyyena satthari niccalasaddhā eva honti. Iti suppaṭipannehi purisavisesehi avirahitabbato, tesañca avirahanato na santi etassa rahā pariccajanakā, natthi vā etassa raho sādhūhi pariccajitabbatāti <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye sacchikatasaddhammā, ariyā suddhagocarā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na tehi rahito hoti, nātho tenā<span class="bld">rahaṃ</span> mato’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Raho</span>ti ca gamanaṃ vuccati, bhagavato ca nānāgatīsu paribbhamanasaṅkhātaṃ saṃsāre gamanaṃ natthi kammakkhayakarena ariyamaggena bodhimūleyeva sabbaso sasambhārassa kammavaṭṭassa viddhaṃsitattā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yena <a name="V1.0215"></a> devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyyaṃ, manussattañca abbaje;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinaḷīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36);</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0228"></a> natthi etassa rahogamanaṃ gatīsu paccājātītipi <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Raho vā gamanaṃ yassa, saṃsāre natthi sabbaso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahīnajātimaraṇo, <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span> sugato mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāsaṃsattā vā bhagavā <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>. Akkharacintakā hi pasaṃsāyaṃ araha-saddaṃ vaṇṇenti. Pāsaṃsabhāvo ca bhagavato anaññasādhāraṇo yathābhuccaguṇādhigato sadevake loke suppatiṭṭhito. Tathā hesa anuttarena sīlena anuttarena samādhinā anuttarāya paññāya anuttarāya vimuttiyā asamo asamasamo appaṭimo appaṭibhāgo appaṭipuggaloti evaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ guṇe vibhajitvā vuccamāne paṇḍitapurisehi devehi brahmehi bhagavatā vā pana pariyosāpetuṃ asakkuṇeyyarūpo. Iti pāsaṃsattāpi bhagavā <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Guṇehi sadiso natthi, yasmā loke sadevake;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Tasmā pāsaṃsiyattāpi, <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span> dvipaduttamo.</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ sabbathāpi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ārakā mandabuddhīnaṃ, ārakā ca vijānataṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Rahānaṃ suppahīnattā, vidūnamaraheyyato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhavesu ca rahābhāvā, pāsaṃsā <span class="bld">arahaṃ</span> jino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti aviparītaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāma</span>nti sayameva. <span class="bld">Sambuddho</span>ti hi ettha <span class="bld">saṃ</span>-saddo ‘‘saya’’nti etassa atthassa bodhako daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sabbadhammāna</span>nti anavasesānaṃ ñeyyadhammānaṃ. Kathaṃ panettha sabbadhammāvabodho <a name="V1.0216"></a> labbhatīti? Ekadesassa aggahaṇato. Padesaggahaṇe hi asati gahetabbassa nippadesatāva viññāyati yathā ‘‘dikkhito na dadātī’’ti. Evañca katvā atthavisesānapekkhā kattari eva buddhasaddasiddhi veditabbā kammavacanicchāya abhāvato. ‘‘Sammā sāmaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddho’’ti ettakameva hi idha saddato labbhati, ‘‘sabbadhammāna’’nti pana atthato labbhamānaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Na hi bujjhanakiriyā avisayā yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M1.0229"></a> tassā visayaṃ ‘‘sabbadhamme’’ti sāmaññato vuttaṃ vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘abhiññeyye dhamme’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">abhiññeyye</span>ti abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena jānitabbe. Ke pana teti? Catusaccadhamme. <span class="bld">Abhiññeyyato buddho</span>ti abhiññeyyabhāvato bujjhi. Pubbabhāge vipassanāpaññāya, adhigamakkhaṇe maggapaññāya, aparabhāge sabbaññutaññāṇādīhi aññāsīti attho. Ito paresupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pariññeyye dhamme</span>ti dukkhaṃ ariyasaccamāha. <span class="bld">Pahātabbe</span>ti samudayapakkhiye. <span class="bld">Sacchikātabbe</span>ti nibbānaṃ sandhāyāha. Bahuvacananiddeso pana sopādisesādikaṃ pariyāyasiddhaṃ bhedaṃ gahetvā kato, uddeso vā ayaṃ catusaccadhammānanti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘cakkhuṃ dukkhasacca’’ntiādi. Uddeso ca avinicchitatthaparicchedassa dhammassa vasena karīyati. Uddesena hi uddisiyamānānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthitāmattaṃ vuccati, na paricchedoti aparicchedena bahuvacanena vuttaṃ yathā ‘‘appaccayā dhammā, asaṅkhatā dhammā’’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 7-8). <span class="bld">Sacchikātabbe</span>ti vā phalavimuttīnampi gahaṇaṃ, na nibbānassevāti bahuvacananiddeso kato. Evañca <span class="bld">bhāvetabbe</span>ti ettha jhānānampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Gāthāyaṃ <span class="bld">bhāvetabbañcā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo avuttasamuccayattho, tena sacchikātabbassa gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā buddhosmī</span>ti yasmā cattāri saccāni mayā buddhāni, saccavinimuttañca kiñci ñeyyaṃ natthi, tasmā sabbampi ñeyyaṃ buddhosmi, abbhaññāsinti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para132"></a><span class="paranum">132</span>. Evaṃ saccavasena sāmaññato vuttamatthaṃ dvārārammaṇehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattadhammehi, khandhādīhi ca saccavaseneva vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘api cā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mūlakāraṇabhāvenā</span>ti santesupi avijjādīsu aññesu kāraṇesu tesampi mūlabhūtakāraṇabhāvena. Taṇhā hi kammassa vicittabhāvahetuto, sahāyabhāvūpagamanato ca dukkhavicittatāya padhānakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Samuṭṭhāpikā</span>ti uppādikā. <span class="bld">Purimataṇhā</span>ti purimabhavasiddhā taṇhā. <span class="bld">Ubhinna</span>nti cakkhussa<a name="V1.0217"></a>, taṃsamudayassa ca. <span class="bld">Appavattī</span>ti appavattinimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirodhapajānanā</span>ti sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena nirodhassa paṭivijjhanā. <span class="bld">Ekekapaduddhārenā</span>ti ‘‘cakkhuṃ cakkhusamudayo’’tiādinā ekekakoṭṭhāsaniddhāraṇena<a name="M1.0230"></a>. Taṇhāyapi pariññeyyabhāvasabbhāvato, upādānakkhandhantogadhattā ca dukkhasaccasaṅgahaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rūpataṇhādayo cha taṇhākāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasiṇānī</span>ti kasiṇajjhānāni. <span class="bld">Dvattiṃsākārā</span>ti dvattiṃsa koṭṭhāsā, tadārammaṇajjhānāni ca. <span class="bld">Nava bhavā</span>ti kāmabhavādayo tayo, saññībhavādayo tayo, ekavokārabhavādayo tayoti nava bhavā. <span class="bld">Cattāri jhānānī</span>ti aggahitārammaṇavisesāni cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, vipākajjhānānaṃ vā etaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Ettha ca kusaladhammānaṃ upanissayabhūtā taṇhā samuṭṭhāpikā purimataṇhāti veditabbā. Kiriyadhammānaṃ pana yattha te tassa attabhāvassa kāraṇabhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anubuddho</span>ti bujjhitabbadhammassa anurūpato buddho. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tasmā. Yasmā sāmaññato, visesato ca ekekapaduddhārena sabbadhamme buddho, tasmā vuttaṃ. Kinti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā’’</span>ti, sabbassapi ñeyyassa sabbākārato aviparītaṃ sayameva abhisambuddhattāti attho. Imināssa paropadesarahitassa sabbākārena sabbadhammāvabodhanasamatthassa ākaṅkhappaṭibaddhavuttino anāvaraṇañāṇasaṅkhātassa sabbaññutaññāṇassa adhigamo dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca sabbaññutaññāṇato aññaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ, aññathā ‘‘cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni buddhañāṇānī’’ti (paṭi. ma. mātikā 1.73) vacanaṃ virujjheyyāti? Na virujjhati, visayapavattibhedavasena aññehi asādhāraṇabhāvadassanatthaṃ ekasseva ñāṇassa dvidhā vuttattā. Ekameva hi taṃ ñāṇaṃ anavasesasaṅkhatāsaṅkhatasammutidhammavisayatāya sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tattha ca āvaraṇābhāvato nissaṅgacāramupādāya ‘‘anāvaraṇañāṇa’’nti vuttaṃ. Yathāha paṭisambhidāyaṃ ‘‘sabbaṃ saṅkhatamasaṅkhataṃ anavasesaṃ jānātīti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ, tattha āvaraṇaṃ natthīti anāvaraṇañāṇa’’ntiādi (paṭi. ma. 1.119). Tasmā natthi nesaṃ atthato bhedo, ekantena cetaṃ evamicchitabbaṃ. Aññathā sabbaññutānāvaraṇañāṇānaṃ sādhāraṇatā, asabbadhammārammaṇatā ca āpajjeyya. Na hi bhagavato ñāṇassa aṇumattampi āvaraṇaṃ atthi, anāvaraṇañāṇassa ca asabbadhammārammaṇabhāve yattha taṃ na pavattati, tatthāvaraṇasabbhāvato anāvaraṇabhāvoyeva na siyā. Atha vā pana hotu <a name="M1.0231"></a> aññameva anāvaraṇañāṇaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇato, idha pana sabbattha appaṭihatavuttitāya <a name="V1.0218"></a> anāvaraṇañāṇanti sabbaññutaññāṇameva adhippetaṃ. Tassa cādhigamena bhagavā ‘‘sabbaññū, sabbavidū, sammāsambuddho’’ti ca vuccati na sakiṃyeva sabbadhammāvabodhato. Tathā ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.162) ‘‘vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ ‘‘buddho’’ti. Sabbadhammāvabodhanasamatthañāṇasamadhigamena hi bhagavato santāne anavasesadhamme paṭivijjhituṃ samatthatā ahosīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etthāha – kiṃ panidaṃ ñāṇaṃ pavattamānaṃ sakiṃyeva sabbasmiṃ visaye pavattati, udāhu kamenāti? Kiñcettha – yadi tāva sakiṃyeva sabbasmiṃ visaye pavattati, atītānāgatapaccuppannaajjhattabahiddhādibhedabhinnānaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ, asaṅkhatasammutidhammānañca ekajjhaṃ upaṭṭhāne dūrato cittapaṭaṃ pekkhantassa viya paṭivibhāgenāvabodho na siyā, tathā ca sati ‘‘sabbe dhammā anattā’’ti vipassantānaṃ anattākārena viya sabbadhammā anirūpitarūpena bhagavato ñāṇassa visayā hontīti āpajjati. Yepi ‘‘sabbañeyyadhammānaṃ ṭhitalakkhaṇavisayaṃ vikapparahitaṃ sabbakālaṃ buddhānaṃ ñāṇaṃ pavattati, tena te ‘sabbavidū’ti vuccanti, evañca katvā ‘caraṃ samāhito nāgo, tiṭṭhantopi samāhito’ti idampi vacanaṃ suvuttaṃ hotī’’ti vadanti, tesampi vuttadosānātivatti, ṭhitalakkhaṇārammaṇatāya ca atītānāgatasammutidhammānaṃ tadabhāvato ekadesavisayameva bhagavato ñāṇaṃ siyā. Tasmā sakiṃyeva ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti na yujjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha kamena sabbasmiṃ visaye ñāṇaṃ pavattati? Evampi na yujjati. Na hi jātibhūmisabhāvādivasena, disādesakālādivasena ca anekabhedabhinne ñeyye kamena gayhamāne tassa anavasesapaṭivedho sambhavati, apariyantabhāvato ñeyyassa. Ye pana ‘‘atthassa avisaṃvādanato ñeyyassa ekadesaṃ paccakkhaṃ katvā ‘sesepi eva’nti adhimuccitvā vavatthāpanena sabbaññū bhagavā, tañca ñāṇaṃ na anumānikaṃ saṃsayābhāvato. Saṃsayānubaddhaṃ hi loke anumānañāṇa’’nti vadanti, tesampi taṃ na yuttaṃ. Sabbassa hi appaccakkhabhāve atthāvisaṃvādanena ñeyyassa ekadesaṃ paccakkhaṃ <a name="M1.0232"></a> katvā ‘‘sesepi eva’’nti adhimuccitvā vavatthāpanassa asambhavato. Yañhi taṃ sesaṃ, taṃ appaccakkhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tampi paccakkhaṃ, tassa sesabhāvo eva na siyāti? Sabbametaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Kasmā<a name="V1.0219"></a>? Avisayavicāraṇabhāvato. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘buddhavisayo, bhikkhave, acinteyyo na cintetabbo. Yo cinteyya, ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti (a. ni. 4.77). Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ – yaṃkiñci bhagavatā ñātuṃ icchitaṃ sakalaṃ, ekadeso vā, tattha appaṭihatavuttitāya paccakkhato ñāṇaṃ pavattati, niccasamādhānañca vikkhepābhāvato. Ñātuṃ icchitassa ca sakalassa avisayabhāve tassa ākaṅkhappaṭibaddhavuttitā na siyā, ekanteneva sā icchitabbā ‘‘sabbe dhammā buddhassa bhagavato āvajjanappaṭibaddhā ākaṅkhappaṭibaddhā manasikārappaṭibaddhā cittuppādappaṭibaddhā’’ti vacanato. Atītānāgatavisayampi bhagavato ñāṇaṃ anumānāgamatakkaggahaṇavirahitattā paccakkhameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca etasmiṃ pakkhe yadā sakalaṃ ñātuṃ icchitaṃ, tadā sakiṃyeva sakalavisayatāya anirūpitarūpena bhagavato ñāṇaṃ pavatteyyāti vuttadosānātivattiyevāti? Na, tassa visodhitattā. Visodhito hi so buddhavisayo acinteyyoti. Aññathā pacurajanañāṇasamānavuttitāya buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ ñāṇassa acinteyyatā na siyā. Tasmā sakaladhammārammaṇampi taṃ ekadhammārammaṇaṃ viya suvavatthāpiteyeva te dhamme katvā pavattatīti idamettha acinteyyaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘yāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ. Ñeyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ ñeyya’’nti (mahāni. 69; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5). Evamekajjhaṃ, visuṃ, sakiṃ, kamena vā icchānurūpaṃ sammā sāmañca sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para133"></a><span class="paranum">133</span>. <span class="bld">Vijjāhī</span>ti ettha vindiyaṃ vindatīti vijjā, yāthāvato upalabbhatīti attho. Attano vā paṭipakkhassa vijjhanaṭṭhena vijjā, tamokkhandhādikassa padālanaṭṭhenāti attho. Tato eva attano visayassa viditakaraṇaṭṭhenapi vijjā. <span class="bld">Sampannattā</span>ti samannāgatattā, paripuṇṇattā vā, avikalattāti attho. Tissannaṃ, aṭṭhannaṃ ca vijjānaṃ tattha tattha sutte gahaṇaṃ vineyyajjhāsayavasenāti <a name="M1.0233"></a> daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Satta saddhammā</span> nāma saddhā hirī ottappaṃ bāhusaccaṃ vīriyaṃ sati paññā ca. Ye sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘idha bhikkhu saddho hotī’’tiādi (a. ni. 10.11). <span class="bld">Cattāri jhānānī</span>ti yāni kānici cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha sīlādayo pannaraseva ‘‘caraṇa’’nti vuttāti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘imeyeva hī’’</span>tiādi<a name="V1.0220"></a>. Tena tesaṃ sikkhattayasaṅgahato nibbānupagamane ekaṃsato sādhanabhāvamāha. Idāni tadatthasādhanāya āgamaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Bhagavā</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa nigamanavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cāyaṃ vijjācaraṇasampadā sāvakesupi labbhatīti? Kiñcāpi labbhati, na pana tathā, yathā bhagavatoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha vijjāsampadā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Caraṇadhammapariyāpannattā karuṇābrahmavihārassa, so cettha mahaggatabhāvappattā sādhāraṇabhāvoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘caraṇasampadā mahākāruṇikataṃ pūretvā ṭhitā’’</span>ti. Yathā sattānaṃ anatthaṃ parivajjetvā atthe niyojanaṃ paññāya vinā na hoti, evaṃ nesaṃ atthānatthajānanaṃ satthu karuṇāya vinā na hotīti ubhayampi ubhayattha sakiccakameva siyā. Yattha pana yassā padhānabhāvo, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so sabbaññutāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yathā taṃ vijjācaraṇasampanno</span>ti yathā aññopi vijjācaraṇasampanno, tena vijjācaraṇasampannassevāyaṃ āveṇikā paṭipattīti dasseti. Sā panāyaṃ satthu vijjācaraṇasampadā sāsanassa niyyānikatāya sāvakānaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyā ekantakāraṇanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tenassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca vijjāsampadāya satthu paññāmahattaṃ pakāsitaṃ hoti, caraṇasampadāya karuṇāmahattaṃ. Tesu paññāya bhagavato dhammarajjappatti, karuṇāya dhammasaṃvibhāgo. Paññāya saṃsāradukkhanibbidā, karuṇāya saṃsāradukkhasahanaṃ. Paññāya paradukkhaparijānanaṃ, karuṇāya paradukkhapatikārārambho. Paññāya parinibbānābhimukhabhāvo, karuṇāya tadadhigamo. Paññāya sayaṃ taraṇaṃ, karuṇāya paresaṃ tāraṇaṃ. Paññāya buddhabhāvasiddhi, karuṇāya buddhakiccasiddhi. Karuṇāya vā bodhisattabhūmiyaṃ saṃsārābhimukhabhāvo, paññāya tattha anabhirati. Tathā karuṇāya paresaṃ abhiṃsāpanaṃ<a name="M1.0234"></a>, paññāya sayaṃ parehi abhāyanaṃ. Karuṇāya paraṃ rakkhanto attānaṃ rakkhati, paññāya attānaṃ rakkhanto paraṃ rakkhati. Tathā karuṇāya aparantapo, paññāya anattantapo. Tena attahitāya paṭipannādīsu catūsu puggalesu catutthapuggalabhāvo siddho hoti. Tathā karuṇāya lokanāthatā, paññāya attanāthatā. Karuṇāya cassa ninnatābhāvo, paññāya unnamābhāvo. Tathā karuṇāya sabbasattesu janitānuggaho paññānugatattā na ca na sabbattha virattacitto, paññāya sabbadhammesu virattacitto karuṇānugatattā na ca na sabbasattānuggahāya pavatto. Yathā hi karuṇā bhagavato sinehasokavirahitā, evaṃ paññā ahaṃkāramamaṃkāravinimuttāti <a name="V1.0221"></a> aññamaññavisodhitā paramavisuddhā guṇavisesā vijjācaraṇasampadāhi pakāsitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para134"></a><span class="paranum">134</span>. <span class="bld">Gamanampi hi gatanti vuccati</span> ‘‘gate ṭhite’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.214; 2.376). <span class="bld">Sobhana</span>nti subhaṃ. Subhabhāvo visuddhatāya, visuddhatā dosavigamenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘parisuddhamanavajja’’</span>nti. Gamanañca nāma bahuvidhanti idhādhippetaṃ gamanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggo’’</span>ti āha. So hi nibbānassa gati adhigamoti katvā ‘‘gataṃ, gamana’’nti ca vuccati. Idāni tasseva gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tena hesā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khemaṃ disa</span>nti nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asajjamāno</span>ti paripanthābhāvena sugatigamanepi asajjanto saṅgaṃ akaronto, pageva itarattha. Atha vā ekāsane nisīditvā khippabhiññāvaseneva catunnampi maggānaṃ paṭiladdhabhāvato asajjamāno asajjanto gato. Yaṃ gamanaṃ gacchanto sabbamanatthaṃ apaharati, sabbañca anuttaraṃ sampattiṃ āvahati, tadeva sobhanaṃ nāma. Tena ca bhagavā gatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iti sobhanagamanattā sugato’’</span>ti sobhanattho <span class="bld">su</span>-saddoti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Asundarānaṃ dukkhānaṃ saṅkhārappavattīnaṃ abhāvato accantasukhattā ekantato sundaraṃ nāma asaṅkhatā dhātūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sundarañcesa ṭhānaṃ gato amataṃ nibbāna’’</span>nti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukha’’nti (ma. ni. 2.215; dha. pa. 203-204). <span class="bld">Sammā</span>ti suṭṭhu. Suṭṭhu gamanañca nāma paṭipakkhena anabhibhūtassa gamananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pahīne kilese puna apaccāgacchanto’’</span>ti. Idañca sikhāppattaṃ sammāgamanaṃ, yāya āgamanīyapaṭipadāya siddhaṃ, sāpi sammāgamanamevāti evampi <a name="M1.0235"></a> bhagavā sugatoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammā vā gato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammāpaṭipattiyā</span>ti sammāsambodhiyā sampāpane aviparītapaṭipattiyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbalokassa hitasukhameva karonto’’</span>ti etena mahābodhiyā paṭipadā avibhāgena sabbasattānaṃ sabbadā hitasukhāvahabhāveneva pavattatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Sassataṃ ucchedanti ime ante anupagacchanto gato’’</span>ti etena paṭiccasamuppādagatiṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Kāmasukhaṃ attakilamathanti ime anupagacchanto gato’’</span>ti etena ariyamaggagatiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti yuttaṭṭhāne yuttasseva bhāsane nipphādetabbe, sādhetabbe cetaṃ bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhūta</span>nti abhūtatthaṃ. Atthamukhena hi vācāya abhūtatā, bhūtatā vā. <span class="bld">Ataccha</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhūta</span>nti <a name="V1.0222"></a> vā asantaṃ avijjamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ataccha</span>nti atathākāraṃ aññathāsantaṃ. <span class="bld">Anatthasañhita</span>nti diṭṭhadhammikena, samparāyikena vā anatthena sañhitaṃ, anatthāvahaṃ. Na atthoti anattho, atthassa paṭipakkho, abhāvo ca, tena sañhitaṃ, pisuṇavācaṃ, samphappalāpañcāti attho. Evamettha catubbidhassāpi vacīduccaritassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Ettha ca paṭhamā vācā sīlavantaṃ ‘‘dussīlo’’ti, acaṇḍālādimeva ‘‘caṇḍālo’’tiādinā bhāsamānassa daṭṭhabbā. Dutiyā dussīlaṃ ‘‘dussīlo’’ti, caṇḍālādimeva ‘‘caṇḍālo’’tiādinā avinayena bhāsamānassa. Tatiyā nerayikādikassa nerayikādibhāvavibhāvanīkathā yathā ‘‘āpāyiko devadatto nerayiko’’tiādikā (cūḷava. 348). Catutthī ‘‘vedavihitena yaññavidhinā pāṇātipātādikataṃ sugatiṃ āvahatī’’ti lokassa byāmohanakathā. Pañcamī bhūtena pesuññūpasaṃhārādikathā. Chaṭṭhā yuttappattaṭṭhāne pavattitā dānasīlādikathā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sammā gadattā</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ abhūtādiṃ vajjetvā bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasañhitaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ tato eva sammā suṭṭhu gadanato <span class="bld">sugato</span> da-kārassa ta-kāraṃ katvā. Āpāthagamanamattena kassaci appiyampi hi bhagavato vacanaṃ piyaṃ manāpameva atthasiddhiyā lokassa hitasukhāvahattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica sobhanaṃ gataṃ gamanaṃ etassāti <span class="bld">sugato</span>. Bhagavato hi veneyyajanupasaṅkamanaṃ ekantena tesaṃ hitasukhanipphādanato sobhanaṃ bhaddakaṃ<a name="M1.0236"></a>. Tathā lakkhaṇānubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya dutavilambitakhalitānukaḍḍhananippīḷanukkuṭikakuṭilākulatādidosarahitavilāsitarājahaṃsavasabhavāraṇamigarājagamanaṃ kāyagamanaṃ, ñāṇagamanañca vipulanimmalakaruṇāsativīriyādiguṇavisesasahitaṃ abhinīhārato yāva mahābodhi anavajjatāya, sattānaṃ hitasukhāvahatāya ca sobhanameva. Atha vā sayambhūñāṇena sakalampi lokaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena parijānanto sammā gato avagatoti <span class="bld">sugato</span>. Tathā lokasamudayaṃ pahānābhisamayavasena pajahanto anuppattidhammataṃ āpādento sammā gato atītoti <span class="bld">sugato</span>. Lokanirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena sammā gato adhigatoti <span class="bld">sugato</span>. Lokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ bhāvanābhisamayavasena sammā gato paṭipannoti <span class="bld">sugato</span>. Tathā yaṃ imassa sadevakassa lokassa diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ mutaṃ viññātaṃ pattaṃ pariyesitaṃ anuvicaritaṃ manasā, sabbaṃ taṃ hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya sammā paccakkhato gato abbhaññāsīti <span class="bld">sugato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para135"></a><span class="paranum">135</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbathā</span>ti sabbappakārena. Yo yo loko yathā yathā veditabbo, tathā tathā. Te <a name="V1.0223"></a> pana pakāre dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sabhāvato</span>ti dukkhasabhāvato. Sabbo hi loko dukkhasabhāvo. Yathāha ‘‘saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā dukkhā’’ti (mahāva. 14; dī. ni. 2.387). <span class="bld">Samudayato</span>ti yato so samudeti, tato taṇhādito. <span class="bld">Nirodhato</span>ti yattha so nirujjhati, tato visaṅkhārato. <span class="bld">Nirodhūpāyato</span>ti yena vidhinā so nirodho pattabbo, tato ariyamaggato, ito aññassa pakārassa abhāvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti ‘‘sabbathā lokaṃ avedī’’ti vatvā tadatthasādhakaṃ suttaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yattha kho āvuso’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘na jāyatī’’</span>tiādinā ujukaṃ jātiādīni paṭikkhipitvā <span class="bld">‘‘na cavati na upapajjatī’’</span>ti padadvayena aparāparaṃ cavanupapajjanāni paṭikkhipati. Keci pana ‘‘na jāyatītiādi gabbhaseyyakavasena vuttaṃ, itaraṃ opapātikavasenā’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti jātiādirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Gamanenā</span>ti padasā gamanena. <span class="bld">Ñāteyya</span>nti jānitabbaṃ. ‘‘Ñātāya’’nti vā pāṭho, ñātā ayaṃ nibbānatthikoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ <a name="M1.0237"></a> pādagamanena gantvā lokassantaṃ ñātuṃ, daṭṭhuṃ, pattuṃ vā na sakkā, apica parimitaparicchinnaṭṭhāne taṃ paññāpetvā dassemīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sasaññimhī</span>ti saññāsahite. Tato eva <span class="bld">samanake</span> saviññāṇake. Aviññāṇake pana utusamuṭṭhānarūpasamudāyamatte paññāpetuṃ na sakkāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Loka</span>nti khandhādilokaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokanirodha</span>nti tassa lokassa nirujjhanaṃ, nibbānameva vā. Adesampi hi taṃ yesaṃ nirodho, tesaṃ vasena upacārato, desatopi niddisīyati yathā ‘‘cakkhuṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ, etthesā taṇhā pahīyamānā pahīyati, ettha nirujjhamānā nirujjhatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.401; ma. ni. 1.134; vibha. 204).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamanenā</span>ti pākatikagamanena. <span class="bld">Lokassanto</span>ti saṅkhāralokassa anto antakiriyāhetubhūtaṃ nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kudācana</span>nti kadācipi. <span class="bld">Apatvā</span>ti aggamaggena anadhigantvā. <span class="bld">Pamocana</span>nti pamutti nissaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā lokassantaṃ apatvā vaṭṭadukkhato mutti natthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Have</span>ti nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokavidū</span>ti sabhāvādito sabbaṃ lokaṃ jānanto. <span class="bld">Sumedho</span>ti sundarapañño. <span class="bld">Lokantagū</span>ti pariññābhisamayena lokaṃ viditvā pahānābhisamayena lokantagū. Maggabrahmacariyavāsassa pariniṭṭhitattā <span class="bld">vusitabrahmacariyo</span>. Sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ samitattā, catusaccadhammānaṃ <a name="V1.0224"></a> vā abhisamitattā <span class="bld">samitāvī. Nāsīsati</span> na pattheti. Yathā imaṃ lokaṃ, evaṃ parañca lokaṃ appaṭisandhikattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para136"></a><span class="paranum">136</span>. Evaṃ yadipi lokavidutā anavasesato dassitā sabhāvato dassitattā, loko pana ekadeseneva vuttoti taṃ anavasesato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apica tayo lokā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha indriyabaddhānaṃ khandhānaṃ samūho, santāno ca <span class="bld">sattaloko</span>. Rūpādīsu sattavisattatāya satto, lokīyanti ettha kusalākusalaṃ, tabbipāko cāti lokoti. Anindriyabaddhānaṃ rūpādīnaṃ samūho, santāno ca <span class="bld">okāsaloko</span> lokiyanti ettha tasā, thāvarā ca, tesañca okāsabhūtoti. Tadādhāratāya hesa ‘‘bhājanaloko’’tipi vuccati. Ubhayepi khandhā <span class="bld">saṅkhāraloko</span> paccayehi saṅkharīyanti, lujjanti palujjanti cāti. <span class="bld">Āhāraṭṭhitikā</span>ti paccayaṭṭhitikā, paccayāyattavuttikāti <a name="M1.0238"></a> attho. Paccayattho hettha <span class="bld">āhāra</span>-saddo ‘‘ayamāhāro anuppannassa vā kāmacchandassa uppādāyā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 5.232) viya. Evaṃ hi ‘‘sabbe sattā’’ti iminā asaññasattāpi pariggahitā honti. Sā panāyaṃ āhāraṭṭhitikatā nippariyāyato saṅkhāradhammo, na sattadhammoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘āhāraṭṭhitikāti āgataṭṭhāne saṅkhāraloko veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ ‘‘sabbe sattā’’ti idaṃ kathanti? Puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanāti nāyaṃ doso. Yathā aññatthāpi ‘‘ekadhamme, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammā nibbindamāno sammā virajjamāno sammā vimuccamāno sammā pariyantadassāvī sammadatthaṃ abhisamecca diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhassantakaro hoti. Katamasmiṃ ekadhamme? Sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā’’ti (a. ni. 10.27). Diṭṭhigatikānaṃ sassatādivasena ‘‘attā, loko’’ti ca parikappanā yebhuyyena sattavisayā, na saṅkhāravisayāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sassato lokoti vā asassato lokoti vā āgataṭṭhāne sattaloko veditabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvatā candimasūriyā pariharantī</span>ti yattake ṭhāne candimasūriyā parivattanti paribbhamanti. <span class="bld">Disā bhanti virocamānā</span>ti tesaṃ paribbhamaneneva tā disā pabhassarā hutvā virocanti. <span class="bld">Tāva sahassadhā loko</span>ti tattakaṃ sahassappakāro okāsaloko, sahassalokadhātuyoti attho. ‘‘Tāva sahassavā’’ti vā pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tampī</span>ti <a name="V1.0225"></a> taṃ tividhampi lokaṃ. Tathā hissa sabbathāpi viditoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Eko loko</span>ti ‘‘sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā’’ti yāya puggalādhiṭṭhānāya kathāya sabbesaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ paccayāyattavuttitā vuttā, tāya sabbo saṅkhāraloko eko ekavidho pakārantarassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Dve lokā</span>tiādīsupi iminā nayena attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Nāma</span>-ggahaṇena cettha nibbānassa aggahaṇaṃ, tassa alokasabhāvattā. Nanu ca ‘‘āhāraṭṭhitikā’’ti ettha paccayāyattavuttitāya maggaphaladhammānampi lokatā āpajjatīti? Nāpajjati, pariññeyyānaṃ dukkhasaccadhammānaṃ idha ‘‘loko’’ti adhippetattā. Atha vā ‘‘na lujjati na palujjatī’’ti <a name="M1.0239"></a> yo gahito tathā na hoti, so lokoti taṃgahaṇarahitānaṃ lokuttarānaṃ natthi lokatā. Upādānānaṃ ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā <span class="bld">upādānakkhandhā. Dasāyatanānī</span>ti dasa rūpāyatanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘āhāraṭṭhitikā’’ti paccayāyattavuttitāvacanena saṅkhārānaṃ aniccatā. Tāya ca ‘‘yadaniccaṃ, taṃ dukkhaṃ. Yaṃ dukkhaṃ, tadanattā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.15) vacanato dukkhānattatā ca pakāsitā hontīti tīṇipi sāmaññalakkhaṇāni gahitāni. <span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti cattāro arūpino khandhā, te ca atthato phassādayo. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti bhūtupādāyarūpāni, tāni ca atthato pathavīādayoti aviseseneva salakkhaṇato saṅkhārā gahitā. Taggahaṇeneva ye tesaṃ visesā kusalādayo, hetuādayo ca, tepi gahitā eva hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘iti ayaṃ saṅkhāralokopi sabbathā vidito’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Āgamma cittaṃ seti etthāti <span class="bld">āsayo</span> migāsayo viya. Yathā migo gocarāya gantvā paccāgantvā tattheva vanagahane sayatīti so tassa āsayo, evaṃ aññathā pavattitvāpi cittaṃ āgamma yattha seti, so tassa āsayoti vuccati. So pana sassatadiṭṭhiādivasena catubbidho. Vuttañca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sassatucchedadiṭṭhi ca, khanti cevānulomikā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yathābhūtañca yaṃ ñāṇaṃ, etaṃ āsayasaddita’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha sabbadiṭṭhīnaṃ sassatucchedadiṭṭhīhi saṅgahitattā sabbepi diṭṭhigatikā sattā imā eva dve diṭṭhiyo sannissitā. Yathāha ‘‘dvayanissito khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena atthitañca natthitañcā’’ti <a name="V1.0226"></a> (saṃ. ni. 2.15). <span class="bld">Atthitā</span>ti hi sassataggāho adhippeto, <span class="bld">natthitā</span>ti ucchedaggāho. Ayaṃ tāva vaṭṭanissitānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ āsayo. Vivaṭṭanissitānaṃ pana suddhasattānaṃ anulomikā khanti, yathābhūtañāṇanti duvidho āsayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsayaṃ jānātī</span>ti catubbidhampi sattānaṃ āsayaṃ jānāti. Jānanto ca tesaṃ diṭṭhigatānaṃ, tesañca ñāṇānaṃ appavattikkhaṇepi jānāti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kāmaṃ <a name="M1.0240"></a> sevantaññeva jānāti ‘ayaṃ puggalo kāmagaruko kāmāsayo kāmādhimutto’ti, kāmaṃ sevantaññeva jānāti ‘ayaṃ puggalo nekkhammagaruko nekkhammāsayo nekkhammādhimutto’ti’’ādi (paṭi. ma. 1.113).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Appahīnabhāvena santāne anu anu sayantīti <span class="bld">anusayā,</span> anurūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ labhitvā uppajjantīti attho. Etena nesaṃ kāraṇalābhe uppajjanārahataṃ dasseti. Appahīnā hi kilesā kāraṇalābhe sati uppajjanti. Ke pana te? Rāgādayo satta anāgatā kilesā, atītā, paccuppannā ca taṃsabhāvattā tathā vuccanti. Na hi dhammānaṃ kālabhedena sabhāvabhedo atthi. Taṃ sattavidhaṃ anusayaṃ tassa tassa sattassa santāne paroparabhāvena pavattamānaṃ jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Carita</span>nti sucaritaduccaritaṃ. Taṃ hi <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 814, 817) caritaniddese niddiṭṭhaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">carita</span>nti cariyā veditabbā. Tā pana rāgadosamohasaddhābuddhivitakkavasena cha mūlacariyā, tāsaṃ apariyanto antarabhedo, saṃsaggabhedo pana tesaṭṭhividho. Taṃ caritaṃ sabhāvato saṃkilesavodānato samuṭṭhānato phalato nissandatoti evamādinā pakārena <span class="bld">jānāti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhimutti</span> ajjhāsayadhātu. Sā duvidhā hīnādhimutti paṇītādhimuttīti. Yāya hīnādhimuttikā sattā hīnādhimuttikeyeva sevanti, paṇītādhimuttikā ca paṇītādhimuttikeyeva. Sā ajjhāsayadhātu ajjhāsayasabhāvo adhimutti. Taṃ <span class="bld">adhimuttiṃ jānāti</span> ‘‘imassa adhimutti hīnā, imassa paṇītā’’ti, tatthāpi ‘‘imassa mudu, imassa mudutarā, imassa mudutamā’’tiādinā. Indriyānaṃ hi tikkhamudubhāvādinā yathārahaṃ adhimuttiyā tikkhamudubhāvādiko veditabbo. Tathā hi vuttaṃ <span class="bld">sammohavinodanīyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 818, 820) ‘‘heṭṭhā <a name="V1.0227"></a> gahitāpi adhimutti idha sattānaṃ tikkhindriyamudindriyabhāvadassanatthaṃ puna gahitā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apparajaṃ akkhaṃ etesanti apparajakkhā, appaṃ vā rajaṃ paññāmaye akkhimhi etesanti apparajakkhā, anussadarāgādirajā sattā, te <span class="bld">apparajakkhe. Mahārajakkhe</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Ussadarāgādirajā mahārajakkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tikkhindriye</span>ti <a name="M1.0241"></a> tikhiṇehi saddhādīhi indriyehi samannāgate. <span class="bld">Mudindriye</span>ti mudukehi saddhādīhi indriyehi samannāgate. Upanissayaindriyāni nāma idhādhippetāni. <span class="bld">Svākāre</span>ti sundarākāre kalyāṇapakatike, vivaṭṭajjhāsayeti attho. <span class="bld">Suviññāpaye</span>ti sammattaniyāmaṃ viññāpetuṃ sukare saddhe, paññavante ca. <span class="bld">Bhabbe abhabbe</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">bhabbe</span>ti kammāvaraṇakilesāvaraṇavipākāvaraṇarahite. Vuttavipariyāyena <span class="bld">dvākāraduviññāpayābhabbā</span> veditabbā. Ettha ca ‘‘imassa rāgarajo appo, imassa dosarajo appo’’tiādinā apparajakkhesu jānanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā bhagavā aparimāṇe satte āsayādito anavasesetvā jānāti, tasmā assa bhagavato sattalokopi sabbathā vidito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca sattesu pamāṇādipi jānitabbo atthīti? Atthi. Tassa pana jānanaṃ na nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāyāti idha na gahitaṃ, bhagavato pana tampi suviditaṃ suvavatthāpitameva, payojanābhāvā desanaṃ nāruḷhaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi ‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.1121).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. Okāsalokopi sabbathā viditoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Cakkavāḷa</span>nti lokadhātu. Sā hi nemimaṇḍalasadisena cakkavāḷapabbatena samantato parikkhittattā ‘‘cakkavāḷa’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Catutiṃsasatāni cā</span>ti catuadhikāni tiṃsasatāni, tīṇisahassāni, cattārisatāni cāti attho<a name="V1.0228"></a>. <span class="bld">Aḍḍhuḍḍhānī</span>ti upaḍḍhacatutthāni, tīṇisatāni, paññāsañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Nahutānī</span>ti dasasahassāni. <span class="bld">Saṅkhātā</span>ti kathitā. <span class="bld">Saṇṭhitī</span>ti heṭṭhā, uparito cāti sabbaso ṭhiti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ saṇṭhite</span>ti evamavaṭṭhite. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti cakkavāḷe. <span class="bld">Accuggato tāvadevā</span>ti tattakameva caturāsīti yojanasahassāniyeva ubbedho<a name="M1.0242"></a>. Na kevalaṃ cettha ubbedhova, atha kho āyāmavitthārāpissa tattakāyeva. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sineru, bhikkhave, pabbatarājā caturāsīti yojanasahassāni āyāmena, caturāsīti yojanasahassāni vitthārenā’’ti (a. ni. 7.66).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tato</span>ti sinerussa heṭṭhā, upari ca vuttappamāṇato. <span class="bld">Upaḍḍhupaḍḍhenā</span>ti upaḍḍhena upaḍḍhena. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – dvācattālīsa yojanasahassāni samudde ajjhogāḷho tattakameva ca upari uggato <span class="bld">yugandharapabbato,</span> ekavīsa yojanasahassāni samudde ajjhogāḷho tattakameva ca upari uggato <span class="bld">īsadharo</span> pabbatoti iminā nayena sesesupi upaḍḍhupaḍḍhapamāṇatā veditabbā. Yathā mahāsamuddo yāva cakkavāḷapādamūlā anupubbaninno, evaṃ yāva sinerupādamūlāti heṭṭhā sinerupamāṇato upaḍḍhapamāṇopi yugandharapabbato pathaviyaṃ suppatiṭṭhito, evaṃ īsadharādayopīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘mahāsamuddo, bhikkhave, anupubbaninno anupubbapoṇo anupubbapabbhāro’’ti (udā. 45; cūḷava. 384; a. ni. 8.19). Sineruyugandharādīnaṃ antare <span class="bld">sīdantarasamuddā</span> nāma. Te vitthārato yathākkamaṃ sineruādīnaṃ accuggatasamānaparimāṇāti vadanti. <span class="bld">Brahā</span>ti mahanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sinerussa samantato</span>ti parikkhipanavasena sinerussa samantato ṭhitā. Sineruṃ tāva parikkhipitvā ṭhito yugandharo, taṃ parikkhipitvā īsadharo. Evaṃ taṃ taṃ parikkhipitvā ṭhitā ‘‘sinerussa samantato’’ti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yojanānaṃ satānucco, himavā pañca pabbato</span>ti himavā pabbato pañca yojanānaṃ satāni ucco ubbedho. <span class="bld">Nagavhayā</span>ti <span class="bld">naga</span>-saddena avhātabbā rukkhābhidhānā. <span class="bld">Paññāsayojanakkhandhasākhāyāmā</span>ti’ ubbedhato paññāsayojanakkhandhāyāmā, ubbedhato, <span class="bld">samantato</span> ca paññāsayojanasākhāyāmā <a name="V1.0229"></a> ca. Tato eva <span class="bld">satayojanavitthiṇṇā, tāvadeva ca uggatā. Yassānubhāvenā</span>ti yassā mahantatā kappaṭṭhāyitādippakārena pabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Garuḷānaṃ simbalirukkho</span> sinerussa dutiyaparibhaṇḍe patiṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sirīsenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0243"></a> paccatte karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattama</span>nti liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ, sirīso bhavati sattamoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">caṇḍamaṇḍalaṃ</span> heṭṭhā, <span class="bld">sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ</span> upari. Tassa āsannabhāvena candamaṇḍalaṃ attano chāyāya vikalabhāvena upaṭṭhāti. Tāni yojanantarikāni yugandharaggapamāṇe ākāse vicaranti. <span class="bld">Asurabhavanaṃ</span> sinerussa heṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Avīci</span> jambudīpassa. <span class="bld">Jambudīpo</span> sakaṭasaṇṭhāno. <span class="bld">Aparagoyānaṃ</span> ādāsasaṇṭhāno. <span class="bld">Pubbavideho</span> addhacandasaṇṭhāno. <span class="bld">Uttarakuru</span> pīṭhasaṇṭhāno. Taṃtaṃnivāsīnaṃ, taṃtaṃparivāradīpavāsīnañca manussānaṃ mukhampi taṃtaṃsaṇṭhānanti vadanti. <span class="bld">Tadantaresū</span>ti tesaṃ cakkavāḷānaṃ antaresu. Tiṇṇaṃ hi pattānaṃ aññamaññaāsannabhāvena ṭhapitānaṃ antarasadise tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ cakkavāḷānaṃ antare ekeko <span class="bld">lokantaranirayo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anantānī</span>ti aparimāṇāni, ‘‘ettakānī’’ti aññehi minituṃ asakkuṇeyyāni. <span class="bld">Bhagavā anantena buddhañāṇena avedi</span> ‘‘ananto ākāso, ananto sattanikāyo, anantāni cakkavāḷānī’’ti tividhampi anantaṃ buddhañāṇaṃ paricchindati sayampi anantattā. Yāvatakaṃ hi ñeyyaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ. Yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tāvatakaṃ ñeyyaṃ. Ñeyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ ñeyyanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘anantena buddhañāṇena avedī’’ti. Anantatā cassa anantañeyyapaṭivijjhaneneva veditabbā tattha appaṭihatacārattā. Nanu cettha vivaṭṭādīnampi viditatā vattabbāti? Saccaṃ vattabbaṃ, sā pana parato abhiññākathāyaṃ āgamissatīti idha na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. <span class="bld">Attanā</span>ti nissakkavacanametaṃ. Guṇehi attanā visiṭṭhatarassāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tara</span>-ggahaṇaṃ cettha <span class="bld">‘‘anuttaro’’</span>ti padassa atthaniddesatāya kataṃ, na visiṭṭhassa kassaci atthitāya. Sadevake hi loke sadisakappopi nāma koci tathāgatassa natthi, kuto sadiso. Visiṭṭhe pana kā <a name="V1.0230"></a> kathā. <span class="bld">Kassacī</span>ti kassacipi. <span class="bld">Abhibhavatī</span>ti sīlasampadāya upanissayabhūtānaṃ hirottappamettākaruṇānaṃ, visesapaccayānaṃ saddhāsativīriyapaññānañca ukkaṃsappattiyā samudāgamato paṭṭhāya anaññasādhāraṇo savāsanapaṭipakkhassa pahīnattā ukkaṃsapāramippatto satthu sīlaguṇo. Tena bhagavā sadevakaṃ lokaṃ aññadatthu abhibhuyya <a name="M1.0244"></a> pavattati, na sayaṃ kenaci abhibhuyyatīti adhippāyo. Evaṃ samādhiguṇādīsupi yathārahaṃ vattabbaṃ. Sīlādayo cete lokiyalokuttaramissakā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ</span> pana lokiyaṃ kāmāvacarameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ tena sadevakaṃ lokaṃ abhibhavatīti? Tassāpi ānubhāvato asadisattā. Tampi hi visayato, pavattito, pavatti ākārato ca uttaritarameva. Taṃ hi anaññasādhāraṇaṃ satthu vimuttiguṇaṃ ārabbha pavattati, pavattamānañca atakkāvacaraṃ paramagambhīraṃ saṇhasukhumaṃ savisayaṃ paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ suppahīnattā suṭṭhu pākaṭaṃ vibhūtataraṃ katvā pavattati, sammadeva ca vasībhāvassa pāpitattā, bhavaṅgaparivāsassa ca atiparittakattā lahuṃ lahuṃ pavattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sīlādiguṇehi bhagavato uttaritarassa abhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni sadisassāpi abhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘asamo’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">asamo</span>ti ekasmiṃ kāle natthi etassa sīlādiguṇena samā sadisāti asamo. Tathā asamehi atītānāgatabuddhehi samo, asamā vā samā etassāti <span class="bld">asamasamo</span>. Sīlādiguṇena natthi etassa paṭimāti <span class="bld">appaṭimo</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Tattha upamāmattaṃ paṭimā, sadisūpamā paṭibhāgo, yugaggāhavasena ṭhito paṭipuggalo veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na kho panāhaṃ samanupassāmī</span>ti mama samantacakkhunā hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya sabbalokaṃ passantopi tattha sadevake…pe… pajāya attanā attato sīlasampannataraṃ sampannatarasīlaṃ kañci puggalaṃ na kho pana passāmi, tādisassa abhāvatoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Aggappasādasuttādīnī</span>ti ettha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yāvatā, bhikkhave, sattā apadā vā dvipadā vā catuppadā vā bahuppadā vā rūpino vā arūpino vā saññino vā asaññino vā nevasaññināsaññino vā, tathāgato tesaṃ aggamakkhāyati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Ye, bhikkhave, buddhe pasannā, agge <a name="V1.0231"></a> te pasannā. Agge kho pana pasannānaṃ aggo vipāko hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.34; 5.32; 10.15; itivu90) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <a name="M1.0245"></a> aggappasādasuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sadevake…pe… sadevamanussāya tathāgato abhibhū anabhibhūto aññadatthudaso vasavattī, tasmā ‘tathāgato’ti vuccatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.24; dī. ni. 3.188) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādīni suttapadāni veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Ādikā gāthāyo</span>ti ettha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ahaṃ hi arahā loke, ahaṃ satthā anuttaro;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ekomhi sammāsambuddho, sītibhūtosmi nibbuto. (mahāva. 11; ma. ni. 1.285; 2.341);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Danto damayataṃ seṭṭho, santo samayataṃ isi;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Mutto mocayataṃ aggo, tiṇṇo tārayataṃ varo. (itivu. 112);</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nayimasmiṃ loke parasmiṃ vā pana,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Buddhena seṭṭho sadiso ca vijjati;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yamāhu dakkhiṇeyyānaṃ aggataṃ gato,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puññatthikānaṃ vipulaphalesina’’nti. (vi. va. 1047; kathā. 799) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamādikā gāthā <span class="bld">vitthāretabbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. <span class="bld">Dametī</span>ti sameti, kāyasamādīhi yojetīti attho. Taṃ pana kāyasamādīhi yojanaṃ yathārahaṃ tadaṅgavinayādīsu patiṭṭhāpanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vinetīti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dametuṃ yuttā</span>ti <a name="V1.0232"></a> damanārahā. <span class="bld">Amanussapurisā</span>ti ettha na manussāti amanussā. Taṃsadisatā ettha jotīyati, tena manussattamattaṃ natthi, aññaṃ samānanti yakkhādayo ‘‘amanussā’’ti adhippetā, na ye keci manussehi aññe. Tathā hi tiracchānapurisānaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ kataṃ, yakkhādayo eva ca niddiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Apalālo</span> himavantavāsī. <span class="bld">Cūḷodaramahodarā</span> nāgadīpavāsino. <span class="bld">Aggisikhadhūmasikhā</span> sīhaḷadīpavāsino. <span class="bld">Nibbisā katā</span> dosavisassa vinodanena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāpitā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kūṭadantādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ghoṭamukhaupāligahapatiādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sakkadevarājādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ajakalāpayakkhabakabrahmādīnaṃ <a name="M1.0246"></a> saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Idaṃ cettha sutta</span>nti idaṃ kesisuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vinītā vicitrehi vinayanūpāyehī</span>ti etasmiṃ atthe vitthāretabbaṃ yathārahaṃ saṇhādīhi upāyehi vinayassa dīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visuddhasīlādīnaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīnī</span>ti ‘‘visuddhasīlassa paṭhamajjhānaṃ, paṭhamajjhānalābhino dutiyajjhāna’’ntiādinā tassa tassa uparūpari visesaṃ ācikkhantoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Sotāpannādīna</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Dantepi dametiyevā’’</span>ti idaṃ pubbe ‘‘sabbena sabbaṃ damathaṃ anupagatā purisadammā’’ti vuttāti katvā vuttaṃ. Ye pana vippakatadammabhāvā sabbathā dametabbataṃ nātivattā, te satte sandhāya ‘‘dantepi dametiyevā’’ti vuttaṃ. Tepi hi purisadammā evāti, yato ne satthā dameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthapada</span>nti atthābhibyañjakapadaṃ, vākyanti attho. Vākyena hi atthābhibyatti, na nāmādipadamattena. Ekapadabhāvena ca anaññasādhāraṇo satthu purisadammasārathibhāvo dassito hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhagavā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha disā</span>ti aṭṭha samāpattiyo. Tā hi aññamaññasambandhāpi asaṃkiṇṇabhāvena dissanti apadissantīti <span class="bld">disā,</span> disā viyāti vā <span class="bld">disā. Asajjamānā</span>ti na sajjamānā vasībhāvappattiyā nissaṅgacārā. <span class="bld">Dhāvanti</span> javanavuttiyogato. <span class="bld">Ekaṃyeva disaṃ dhāvati,</span> attano kāyaṃ aparivattentoti adhippāyo. Satthārā pana damitā purisadammā ekiriyāpatheneva aṭṭha disā dhāvanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekapallaṅkeneva nisinnā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha disā</span>ti ca nidassanamattametaṃ, lokiyehi agatapubbaṃ nirodhasamāpattidisaṃ, amatadisañca pakkhandanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. Diṭṭhadhammo vuccati paccakkho attabhāvo, tattha niyuttoti diṭṭhadhammiko, idhalokattho<a name="V1.0233"></a>. Kammakilesavasena samparetabbato sammā gantabbato samparāyo, paraloko, tattha niyuttoti samparāyiko, paralokattho. Paramo uttamo attho paramattho, nibbānaṃ. Tehi <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthehi. Yathāraha</span>nti yathānurūpaṃ. Tesu atthesu yo yo puggalo yaṃ yaṃ arahati, tadanurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Anusāsatī</span>ti vineti tasmiṃ atthe patiṭṭhapeti, saha atthena vattatīti <span class="bld">sattho,</span> bhaṇḍamūlena vāṇijjāya desantaraṃ gacchanto janasamūho. Hitupadesādivasena paripāletabbo sāsitabbo so etassa <a name="M1.0247"></a> atthīti <span class="bld">satthā,</span> satthavāho. So viya bhagavāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘satthā viyāti satthā, bhagavā satthavāho’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tamatthaṃ niddesapāḷinayena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā satthavāho’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">satthe</span>ti satthike jane. Kaṃ tārenti etthāti <span class="bld">kantāro,</span> nirudako araññappadeso. Ruḷhīvasena pana itaropi araññappadeso tathā vuccati. <span class="bld">Corakantāra</span>nti corehi adhiṭṭhitakantāraṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">vāḷakantāraṃ. Dubbhikkhakantāra</span>nti dullabhabhikkhaṃ kantāraṃ. <span class="bld">Tāretī</span>ti akhemantaṭṭhānaṃ atikkāmeti. <span class="bld">Uttāretī</span>tiādi upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">uttāretī</span>ti khemantabhūmiṃ upanento tāreti. <span class="bld">Nittāretī</span>ti akhemantaṭṭhānato nikkhāmento tāreti. <span class="bld">Patāretī</span>ti pariggahetvā tāreti, hatthena pariggahetvā viya tāretīti attho. Sabbampetaṃ tāraṇuttāraṇādikhemaṭṭhāne ṭhapanamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khemantabhūmiṃ sampāpetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Satte</span>ti veneyyasatte. Mahāgahanatāya, mahānatthatāya, dunnittharaṇatāya ca jātiyeva kantāro jātikantāro, taṃ <span class="bld">jātikantāraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkaṭṭhaparicchedavasenā</span>ti ukkaṭṭhasattaparicchedavasena. Devamanussā eva hi ukkaṭṭhasattā, na tiracchānādayo. <span class="bld">Bhabbapuggalaparicchedavasenā</span>ti sammattaniyāmokkamanassa yogyapuggalassa paricchindanavasena. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti ‘‘devamanussāna’’nti etaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhagavato</span>ti nissakkavacanaṃ yathā ‘‘upajjhāyato ajjhetī’’ti, bhagavato santiketi vā attho. <span class="bld">Upanissayasampatti</span>nti tihetukapaṭisandhiādikaṃ maggaphalādhigamassa balavakāraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaggarāyā</span>ti gaggarāya nāma rañño deviyā, tāya vā kāritattā ‘‘gaggarā’’ti laddhanāmāya. <span class="bld">Sare nimittaṃ aggahesī</span>ti ‘‘dhammo eso vuccatī’’ti dhammasaññāya sare nimittaṃ gaṇhi, gaṇhanto ca pasannacitto parisapariyante nipajji. <span class="bld">Sannirumbhitvā aṭṭhāsī</span>ti tassa sīse daṇḍassa ṭhapitabhāvaṃ apassanto tattha daṇḍaṃ uppīḷetvā aṭṭhāsi. Maṇḍūkopi daṇḍe ṭhapitepi <a name="V1.0234"></a> uppīḷitepi dhammagatena pasādena vissaramakarontova kālamakāsi. Devaloke nibbattasattānaṃ ayaṃ dhammatā, yā ‘‘kutohaṃ idha nibbatto, tattha kiṃ nu kho kammamakāsi’’nti āvajjanā. Tasmā attano purimabhavassa diṭṭhattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘are ahampi nāma idha</span> <span class="bld">nibbatto’’</span>ti<a name="M1.0248"></a>. <span class="bld">Bhagavato pāde vandi</span> kataññutāsaṃvaḍḍhitena pemagāravabahumānena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavā jānantova</span> mahājanassa kammaphalaṃ, buddhānubhāvañca paccakkhaṃ kātukāmo ‘‘ko me vandatī’’ti gāthāya <span class="bld">pucchi</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">ko</span>ti devanāgayakkhagandhabbādīsu ko, katamoti attho. <span class="bld">Me</span>ti mama. <span class="bld">Pādānī</span>ti pāde. <span class="bld">Iddhiyā</span>ti imāya evarūpāya deviddhiyā. <span class="bld">‘‘Yasasā’’</span>ti iminā edisena parivārena, paricchedena ca. <span class="bld">Jala</span>nti vijjotamāno. <span class="bld">Abhikkantenā</span>ti ativiya kantena kamanīyena sundarena. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇenā</span>ti chavivaṇṇena sarīravaṇṇanibhāya. <span class="bld">Sabbā obhāsayaṃ disā</span>ti sabbā dasapi disā pabhāsento, cando viya, sūriyo viya ca ekobhāsaṃ ekālokaṃ karontoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pana bhagavatā pucchito devaputto attānaṃ pavedento <span class="bld">‘‘maṇḍūkohaṃ pure āsi’’</span>nti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pure</span>ti purimajātiyaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Udake’’</span>ti idaṃ tadā attano uppattiṭṭhānadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Udake maṇḍūko’’</span>ti etena uddhamāyikādikassa thale maṇḍūkassa nivattanaṃ kataṃ hoti. Gāvo caranti etthāti gocaro, gunnaṃ ghāsesanaṭṭhānaṃ. Idha pana gocaro viyāti gocaro, vāri udakaṃ gocaro etassāti <span class="bld">vārigocaro</span>. Udakacārīpi hi koci kacchapādi avārigocaropi hotīti ‘‘vārigocaro’’ti visesetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tava dhammaṃ suṇantassā</span>ti brahmassarena karavīkarutamañjunā desentassa tava dhammaṃ ‘‘dhammo eso vuccatī’’ti sare nimittaggāhavasena suṇantassa. Anādare cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Avadhi vacchapālako</span>ti vacche rakkhanto gopāladārako mama samīpaṃ āgantvā daṇḍamolubbha tiṭṭhanto mama sīse daṇḍaṃ sannirumbhitvā maṃ māresīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sitaṃ katvā</span>ti ‘‘tathā parittatarenāpi puññānubhāvena evaṃ ativiya uḷārā lokiyalokuttarā sampattiyo labbhantī’’ti pītisomanassajāto bhāsurataradhavalavipphurantadassanakiraṇāvalīhi bhiyyoso mattāya taṃ padesaṃ obhāsento sitaṃ katvā. Pītisomanassavasena hi so –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Muhuttaṃ <a name="M1.0249"></a> cittapasādassa, iddhiṃ passa yasañca me;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ānubhāvañca me passa, vaṇṇaṃ passa jutiñca me.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ye <a name="V1.0235"></a> ca te dīghamaddhānaṃ, dhammaṃ assosuṃ gotama;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pattā te acalaṭṭhānaṃ, yattha gantvā na socare’’ti. (vi. va. 859-860);</p>
<p class="unindented">Imā dve gāthā vatvā pakkāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pana kiñcī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti aniyamitavacanaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">kiñcī</span>ti. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti vacanālaṅkāramattaṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">yaṃ kiñcī</span>ti ñeyyassa anavasesapariyādānaṃ kataṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Panā</span>ti vā visesatthadīpako nipāto. Tena ‘‘sammāsambuddho’’ti iminā saṅkhepato, vitthārato ca satthu catusaccābhisambodho vutto. ‘‘Buddho’’ti pana iminā tadaññassapi ñeyyassāvabodho. Purimena vā satthu paṭivedhañāṇānubhāvo, pacchimena desanāñāṇānubhāvo. <span class="bld">Pī</span>ti upari vuccamāno viseso jotīyati. Sabbaso paṭipakkhehi vimuccatīti vimokkho, aggamaggo. Tassa anto aggaphalaṃ, tattha bhavaṃ tasmiṃ laddhe laddhabbato <span class="bld">vimokkhantikañāṇaṃ,</span> sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ sabbampi buddhañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pavatto</span>ti ettha –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Sabbaññutāya buddho, sabbadassāvitāya buddho, anaññaneyyatāya buddho, visavitāya buddho, khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho, nirupalepasaṅkhātena buddho, ekantavītarāgoti buddho, ekantavītadosoti buddho, ekantavītamohoti buddho, ekantanikkilesoti buddho, ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti buddho, eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti buddho, abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhā buddho. Buddhoti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ, na pitarā kataṃ, na bhātarā kataṃ, na bhaginiyā kataṃ, na mittāmaccehikataṃ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṃ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṃ, na devatāhi kataṃ. Vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ buddho’’ti (mahāni. 192) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ayaṃ <a name="M1.0250"></a> <span class="bld">niddesapāḷinayo</span>. Yasmā cettha tassā paṭisambhidāpāḷiyā bhedo natthi, tasmā dvīsu ekenāpi atthasiddhīti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṭisambhidānayo vā’’</span>ti aniyamattho <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V1.0236"></a> yathā loke avagantā ‘‘avagato’’ti vuccati, evaṃ <span class="bld">bujjhitā saccānīti buddho</span> suddhakattuvasena. Yathā paṇṇasosā vātā ‘‘paṇṇasusā’’ti vuccanti, evaṃ <span class="bld">bodhetā pajāyāti buddho</span> hetukattuvasena, hetuattho cettha antonīto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbaññutāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammabujjhanasamatthāya buddhiyā buddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Sabbadassāvitāya buddho</span>ti sabbadhammānaṃ ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhattā buddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Anaññaneyyatāya buddho</span>ti aññena abodhanīto sayameva buddhattā buddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Visavitāya buddho</span>ti nānāguṇavisavanato padumamiva vikasanaṭṭhena buddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho</span>ti evamādīhi chahi pariyāyehi niddakkhayavibuddho puriso viya sabbakilesaniddakkhayavibuddhattā buddhoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti buddho</span>ti gamanatthānaṃ buddhiatthatāya buddhiatthānampi gamanatthatā labbhatīti ekāyanamaggaṃ gatattā buddhoti vuccatīti attho. <span class="bld">Eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti buddho</span>ti na parehi buddhattā buddho, atha kho sayameva anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhattā buddhoti attho. <span class="bld">Abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhā buddho</span>ti buddhi buddhaṃ bodhoti anatthantaraṃ. Tattha yathā rattaguṇayogato ratto paṭo, evaṃ buddhaguṇayogato buddhoti ñāpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tato paraṃ <span class="bld">buddhoti netaṃ nāma</span>ntiādi atthānugatāyaṃ paññattīti bodhanatthaṃ vuttanti evamettha imināpi kāraṇena bhagavā buddhoti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhagavato. <span class="bld">Guṇavisiṭṭhasabbasattuttamagarugāravādhivacana</span>nti sabbehi sīlādiguṇehi visiṭṭhassa tato eva sabbasattehi uttamassa garuno gāravavasena vuttavacanamidaṃ bhagavāti. Tathā hi lokanātho aparimitanirupamappabhāvasīlādiguṇavisesasamaṅgitāya sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya <a name="M1.0251"></a> niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya, accantupakāritāya ca aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uttamagāravaṭṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhagavāti vacanaṃ seṭṭha</span>nti seṭṭhavācakaṃ vacanaṃ seṭṭhaguṇasahacaraṇato ‘‘seṭṭha’’nti vuttaṃ. Atha vā vuccatīti vacanaṃ, attho. Tasmā yo ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vacanena vacanīyo attho, so seṭṭhoti attho. <span class="bld">Bhagavāti vacanamuttama</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Gāravayutto</span>ti garubhāvayutto garuguṇayogato, garukaraṇaṃ vā sātisayaṃ arahatīti gāravayutto, gāravārahoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Guṇavisesahetukaṃ <a name="V1.0237"></a> ‘‘bhagavā’’ti idaṃ bhagavato nāmanti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato vibhajitukāmo nāmaṃyeva tāva atthuddhāravasena dassento <span class="bld">‘‘catubbidhaṃ vā nāma’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">āvatthika</span>nti avatthāya viditaṃ taṃ taṃ avatthaṃ upādāya paññattaṃ voharitaṃ. Tathā <span class="bld">liṅgikaṃ</span> tena tena liṅgena voharitaṃ. <span class="bld">Nemittika</span>nti nimittato āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiccasamuppanna</span>nti yadicchāya pavattaṃ, yadicchāya āgataṃ <span class="bld">yadicchakaṃ</span>. Paṭhamena <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena bālo, yuvā, vuḍḍhoti evamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti, dutiyena muṇḍī, jaṭīti evamādiṃ, tatiyena bahussuto, dhammakathiko, jhāyīti evamādiṃ, catutthena aghamarisanaṃ pāvacananti evamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. ‘‘Nemittika’’nti vuttamatthaṃ byatirekavasena patiṭṭhāpetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na mahāmāyāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vimokkhantika’’</span>nti iminā idaṃ nāmaṃ ariyāya jātiyā jātakkhaṇeyeva jātanti dasseti. Yadi vimokkhantikaṃ, atha kasmā aññehi khīṇāsavehi asādhāraṇanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saha sabbaññutaññāṇassa paṭilābhā’’</span>ti. Buddhānañhi arahattaphalaṃ nipphajjamānaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇādīhi sabbehi buddhaguṇehi saddhiṃyeva nipphajjati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘vimokkhantika’’nti. <span class="bld">Sacchikā paññattī</span>ti sabbadhammānaṃ sacchikiriyānimittā paññatti. Atha vā <span class="bld">sacchikā paññattī</span>ti paccakkhasiddhā paññatti. Yaṃguṇanimittā hi sā, te satthu paccakkhabhūtāti guṇā viya sāpi sacchikatā eva nāma hoti, na paresaṃ vohāramattenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para143"></a><span class="paranum">143</span>. <span class="bld">Vadantī</span>ti <a name="M1.0252"></a> mahātherassa garubhāvato bahuvacanenāha, saṅgītikārehi vā katamanuvādaṃ sandhāya. Issariyādibhedo bhago assa atthīti <span class="bld">bhagī. Akāsi bhagga</span>nti rāgādipāpadhammaṃ bhaggaṃ akāsi, bhaggavāti attho. <span class="bld">Bahūhi ñāyehī</span>ti kāyabhāvanādikehi anekehi bhāvanākkamehi. <span class="bld">Subhāvitattano</span>ti sammadeva bhāvitasabhāvassa. Paccatte cetaṃ sāmivacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Niddese vuttanayenā</span>ti etthāyaṃ niddesanayo –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Bhagavāti gāravādhivacanametaṃ. Apica bhaggarāgoti bhagavā, bhaggadosoti bhagavā, bhaggamohoti bhagavā, bhaggamānoti bhagavā, bhaggadiṭṭhīti bhagavā, bhaggataṇhoti bhagavā, bhaggakilesoti bhagavā, bhaji vibhaji pavibhaji dhammaratananti bhagavā, bhavānaṃ antakaroti bhagavā, bhāvitakāyo bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapaññoti bhagavā, bhaji <a name="V1.0238"></a> vā bhagavā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni appasaddāni appanigghosāni vijanavātāni manussarāhasseyyakāni paṭisallānasāruppānīti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānanti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā attharasassa dhammarasassa vimuttirasassa adhisīlassa adhicittassa adhipaññāyāti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ catunnaṃ appamaññānaṃ catunnaṃ arūpasamāpattīnanti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā aṭṭhannaṃ vimokkhānaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ abhibhāyatanānaṃ navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnanti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā dasannaṃ saññābhāvanānaṃ dasannaṃ kasiṇasamāpattīnaṃ ānāpānassatisamādhissa asubhasamāpattiyāti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ catunnaṃ sammappadhānānaṃ catunnaṃ iddhipādānaṃ pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ pañcannaṃ balānaṃ sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ ariyassa aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassāti bhagavā, bhāgī vā bhagavā dasannaṃ tathāgatabalānaṃ catunnaṃ vesārajjānaṃ catunnaṃ paṭisambhidānaṃ channaṃ abhiññānaṃ channaṃ buddhadhammānanti bhagavā, bhagavāti netaṃ nāmaṃ…pe… sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ bhagavā’’ti (mahāni. 83).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M1.0253"></a> ca <span class="bld">‘‘gāravādhivacana’’</span>ntiādīni yadipi gāthāyaṃ āgatapadānukkamena na niddiṭṭhāni, yathārahaṃ pana tesaṃ sabbesampi niddesabhāvena veditabbāni. Tattha <span class="bld">gāravādhivacana</span>nti garūnaṃ garubhāvavācakaṃ vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhajī</span>ti bhāgaso kathesi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vibhajī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Dhammaratana</span>nti maggaphalādiariyadhammaratanaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">bhajī</span>ti sevi. <span class="bld">Bhāgī</span>ti bhāgadheyyavā. Puna <span class="bld">bhāgī</span>ti bhajanasīlo. <span class="bld">Attharasassā</span>ti atthasannissayassa rasassa. Vimuttāyatanasīse hi ṭhatvā dhammaṃ kathentassa, suṇantassa ca tadatthaṃ ārabbha uppajjanakapītisomanassaṃ attharaso. Dhammaṃ ārabbha <span class="bld">dhammaraso</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammaveda’’nti (a. ni. 6.10). <span class="bld">Vimuttirasassā</span>ti vimuttibhūtassa, vimuttisannissayassa vā rasassa. <span class="bld">Saññābhāvanāna</span>nti aniccasaññādīnaṃ dasannaṃ saññābhāvanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Channaṃ buddhadhammāna</span>nti cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tattha tattha ‘‘bhagavā’’ti saddasiddhi niruttinayena veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. Yadipi ‘‘bhāgyavā’’tiādīhi padehi vuccamāno attho ‘‘bhagī bhajī’’ti niddesagāthāya saṅgahito eva, tathāpi padasiddhi atthavibhāgaatthayojanādisahito saṃvaṇṇanānayo tato aññākāroti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pana aparo nayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ādika</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena vaṇṇavikāro<a name="V1.0239"></a>, vaṇṇalopo, dhātuatthena niyojanañcāti imaṃ tividhaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Saddanayenā</span>ti byākaraṇanayena. Pisodarādīnaṃ saddānaṃ ākatigaṇabhāvato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pisodarādipakkhepalakkhaṇaṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti. Pakkhipanameva lakkhaṇaṃ. Tappariyāpannatākaraṇaṃ hi pakkhipanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pārappatta</span>nti paramukkaṃsagataṃ pāramibhāvappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāgya</span>nti kusalaṃ. Tattha maggakusalaṃ lokuttarasukhanibbattakaṃ, itaraṃ lokiyasukhanibbattakaṃ, itarampi vā vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ pariyāyato lokuttarasukhanibbattakaṃ siyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lobhādayo ekakavasena gahitā. Tathā viparītamanasikāro vipallāsabhāvasāmaññena, ahirikādayo dukavasena. Lobhādayo ca puna <span class="bld">‘‘tividhākusalamūla’’</span>nti tikavasena gahitā. Kāyaduccaritādi-taṇhāsaṃkilesādirāgamalādirāgavisamādikāmasaññādikāmavitakkāditaṇhāpapañcādayo <span class="bld">tividhaduccaritā</span>dayo. Subhasaññādikā <span class="bld">catubbidhavipariyesā</span>. ‘‘Cīvarahetu vā bhikkhuno taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, piṇḍapāta<a name="M1.0254"></a>, senāsana, itibhavābhavahetu vā’’ti (a. ni. 4.9) evamāgatā <span class="bld">cattāro taṇhuppādā</span>. ‘‘Buddhe kaṅkhati, dhamme, saṅghe, sikkhāya, sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khīlajāto’’ti (dī. ni. 3.319; ma. ni. 1.185; a. ni. 5.205; 9.71; vibha. 941) evamāgatāni <span class="bld">pañca cetokhīlāni</span>. ‘‘Kāme avītarāgo hoti, kāye avītarāgo, rūpe avītarāgo, yāvadatthaṃ udarāvadehakaṃ bhuñjitvā seyyasukhaṃ passasukhaṃ middhasukhaṃ anuyutto viharati, aññataraṃ devanikāyaṃ paṇidhāya brahmacariyaṃ caratī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.320; ma. ni. 1.186) āgatā <span class="bld">pañca vinibandhā</span>. Rūpābhinandanādayo <span class="bld">pañcābhinandanā</span>. Kodho, makkho, issā, sāṭheyyaṃ, pāpicchatā, sandiṭṭhiparāmāsoti imāni <span class="bld">cha vivādamūlāni</span>. Rūpataṇhādayo <span class="bld">cha taṇhākāyā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmarāgapaṭighadiṭṭhivicikicchābhavarāgamānāvijjā <span class="bld">sattānusayā</span>. Micchādiṭṭhiādayo <span class="bld">aṭṭha micchattā</span>. ‘‘Taṇhaṃ paṭicca pariyesanā, pariyesanaṃ paṭicca lābho, lābhaṃ paṭicca vinicchayo, vinicchayaṃ paṭicca chandarāgo, chandarāgaṃ paṭicca ajjhosānaṃ, ajjhosānaṃ paṭicca pariggaho, pariggahaṃ paṭicca macchariyaṃ, macchariyaṃ paṭicca ārakkhā, ārakkhādhikaraṇaṃ daṇḍādānādayo’’ti (dī. ni. 2.103; 3.359) ete <span class="bld">nava taṇhāmūlakā</span>. Cattāro sassatavādā, cattāro ekaccasassatavādā, cattāro antānantikā, cattāro amarāvikkhepikā, dve adhiccasamuppannikā, soḷasa saññīvādā, aṭṭha asaññīvādā, aṭṭha nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā<a name="V1.0240"></a>, satta ucchedavādā, pañca paramadiṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti etāni <span class="bld">dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhigatāni</span>. Ajjhattikassa upādāya ‘‘asmī’’ti hoti, ‘‘itthasmī’’ti, ‘‘evasmī’’ti, ‘‘aññathāsmī’’ti, ‘‘bhavissa’’nti, ‘‘itthaṃ bhavissa’’nti, ‘‘evaṃ bhavissa’’nti, ‘‘aññathā bhavissa’’nti, ‘‘asasmī’’ti, ‘‘sātasmī’’ti, ‘‘siya’’nti, ‘‘itthaṃ siya’’nti, ‘‘evaṃ siya’’nti, ‘‘aññathā siya’’nti, ‘‘apāhaṃ siya’’nti, ‘‘apāhaṃ itthaṃ siya’’nti, ‘‘apāhaṃ evaṃ siya’’nti, ‘‘apāhaṃ aññathā siya’’nti hotīti aṭṭhārasa, bāhirassupādāya ‘‘iminā asmī’’ti hoti, ‘‘iminā itthasmī’’ti, ‘‘iminā evasmī’’ti, ‘‘iminā aññathāsmī’’tiādikā (vibha. 975-976) vuttanayā aṭṭhārasāti chattiṃsa, atītā chattiṃsa, anāgatā chattiṃsa, paccuppannā chattiṃsāti <span class="bld">aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pabheda</span>-saddo <a name="M1.0255"></a> paccekaṃ sambandhitabbo. Tatthāyaṃ yojanā – lobhappabhedā dosappabhedā yāva aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritappabhedāti. Sabbāni sattānaṃ darathapariḷāhakarāni kilesānaṃ anekāni satasahassāni abhañjīti yojanā. Ārammaṇādivibhāgato hi pavattiākāravibhāgato ca anantappabhedā kilesāti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhepato</span>ti ettha samucchedappahānavasena sabbaso appavattikaraṇena <span class="bld">kilesamāraṃ,</span> samudayappahānapariññāvasena <span class="bld">khandhamāraṃ,</span> sahāyavekallakaraṇavasena sabbathā appavattikaraṇena <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhāramāraṃ,</span> balavidhamanavisayātikkamanavasena <span class="bld">devaputtamaccumāra</span>ñca <span class="bld">abhañji</span> bhagge akāsi. <span class="bld">Parissayāna</span>nti upaddavānaṃ. Sampati, āyatiñca sattānaṃ anatthāvahattā māraṇaṭṭhena vibādhanaṭṭhena kilesāva māroti <span class="bld">kilesamāro</span>. Vadhakaṭṭhena khandhāva māroti <span class="bld">khandhamāro</span>. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘vadhakaṃ rūpaṃ ‘vadhakaṃ rūpa’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānātī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 3.85). Jātijarādimahābyasananibbattanena abhisaṅkhārova māroti <span class="bld">abhisaṅkhāramāro</span>. Saṃkilesanimittaṃ hutvā guṇamāraṇaṭṭhena devaputtova māroti <span class="bld">devaputtamāro</span>. Sattānaṃ jīvitassa, jīvitaparikkhārānañca jānikaraṇena mahābādharūpattā maccu eva māroti <span class="bld">maccumāro</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satapuññalakkhaṇadharassā</span>ti anekasatapuññanibbattamahāpurisalakkhaṇavahato <span class="bld">rūpakāyasampatti dīpitā hoti,</span> itarāsaṃ phalasampadānaṃ mūlabhāvato, adhiṭṭhānabhāvato ca. <span class="bld">Dhammakāyasampatti</span> dīpitā hoti, pahānasampadāpubbakattā ñāṇasampadādīnaṃ. Bhāgyavatāya lokiyānaṃ <span class="bld">bahumatabhāvo</span>. Bhaggadosatāya parikkhakānaṃ bahumatabhāvoti yojanā. Evaṃ ito paresupi yathāsaṅkhyaṃ yojetabbaṃ. Puññavantaṃ hi <span class="bld">gahaṭṭhā</span> khattiyādayo abhigacchanti, pahīnadosaṃ <span class="bld">pabbajita</span>tāpasaparibbājakādayo <a name="V1.0241"></a> ‘‘dosavinayāya dhammaṃ desetī’’ti. <span class="bld">Abhigatānañca nesaṃ kāyacittadukkhāpanayane paṭibalabhāvo, āmisadānadhammadānehi</span> upakārasabbhāvato. Rūpakāyaṃ tassa pasādacakkhunā, dhammakāyaṃ paññācakkhunā disvā dukkhadvayassa paṭippassambhanato upagatānañca tesaṃ āmisadānadhammadānehi <span class="bld">upakāritā,</span> ‘‘pubbe āmisadānadhammadānehi mayā ayaṃ <a name="M1.0256"></a> lokaggabhāvo adhigato, tasmā tumhehipi evameva paṭipajjitabba’’nti evaṃ sammāpaṭipattiyaṃ niyojanena abhigatānaṃ <span class="bld">lokiyalokuttarasukhehi saṃyojanasamatthatā ca dīpitā hoti</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sakacitte issariyaṃ</span> attano cittassa vasībhāvāpādanaṃ, yena paṭikkūlādīsu appaṭikkūlasaññitādivihārasiddhi, adhiṭṭhāniddhiādiko iddhividhopi cittissariyameva cittabhāvanāya vasībhāvappattiyā ijjhanato. <span class="bld">Aṇimālaghimādika</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena mahimā patti pākammaṃ īsitā vasitā yatthakāmāvasāyitāti ime chapi saṅgahitā. Tattha kāyassa aṇubhāvakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">aṇimā</span>. Lahubhāvo <span class="bld">laghimā</span> ākāse padasā gamanādinā. Mahattaṃ <span class="bld">mahimā</span> kāyassa mahantatāpādanaṃ. Iṭṭhadesappatti <span class="bld">patti</span>. Adhiṭṭhānādivasena icchitanipphādanaṃ <span class="bld">pākammaṃ</span>. Sayaṃvasitā issarabhāvo <span class="bld">īsitā</span>. Iddhividhe vasībhāvo <span class="bld">vasitā</span>. Ākāsena vā gacchato, aññaṃ vā kiñci karoto yattha katthaci vosānappatti <span class="bld">yatthakāmāvasāyitā</span>. ‘‘Kumārakarūpādidassana’’ntipi vadanti. Evamidaṃ aṭṭhavidhaṃ <span class="bld">lokiyasammataṃ</span> issariyaṃ. Taṃ pana bhagavato iddhividhantogadhaṃ, anaññasādhāraṇañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbākāraparipūraṃ atthī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kesañci padesavutti, ayathābhūtaguṇasannissayattā aparisuddho ca yaso hoti, na evaṃ tathāgatassāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lokattayabyāpako’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha idha adhigatasatthuguṇānaṃ āruppe uppannānaṃ ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā bhagavato guṇe anussarantānaṃ yaso pākaṭo hotīti āha ‘‘lokattayabyāpako’’ti. Yathābhuccaguṇādhigatattā eva <span class="bld">ativiya parisuddho</span>. Anavasesalakkhaṇānubyañjanādisampattiyā <span class="bld">sabbākāraparipūrā. Sabbaṅgapaccaṅgasirī</span> sabbesaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ sobhā. ‘‘Tiṇṇo tāreyya’’ntiādinā <span class="bld">yaṃ yaṃ etena</span> lokanāthena <span class="bld">icchitaṃ</span> manovacīpaṇidhānavasena, <span class="bld">patthitaṃ</span> kāyapaṇidhānavasena. <span class="bld">Tathevā</span>ti paṇidhānānurūpameva. Vīriyapāramibhāvappatto, ariyamaggapariyāpanno ca <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmasaṅkhāto payatto</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhedehī</span>ti sabbattikadukapadasaṃhitehi pabhedehi. <span class="bld">Paṭiccasamuppādādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ <a name="V1.0242"></a> <span class="bld">vibhaṅgapāḷiyaṃ</span> āgatā satipaṭṭhānādayova saṅgahitā, atha kho saṅgahādayo, samayavimuttādayo, ṭhapanādayo<a name="M1.0257"></a>, tikapaṭṭhānādayo ca saṅgahitāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhasaccassa pīḷanaṭṭho</span> taṃsamaṅgino sattassa hiṃsanaṃ avipphārikatākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhataṭṭho</span> sameccasambhūyapaccayehi katabhāvo. <span class="bld">Santāpaṭṭho</span> dukkhadukkhatādīhi santappanaṃ paridahanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmaṭṭho</span> jarāya, maraṇena cāti dvidhā vipariṇāmetabbatā. <span class="bld">Samudayassa āyūhanaṭṭho</span> dukkhassa nibbattanavasena sampiṇḍanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nidānaṭṭho</span> ‘‘idaṃ taṃ dukkha’’nti nidadantassa viya samuṭṭhāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃyogaṭṭho</span> saṃsāradukkhena saṃyojanaṃ. <span class="bld">Palibodhaṭṭho</span> maggādhigamassa nivāraṇaṃ. Nirodhassa <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṭṭho</span> sabbūpadhīnaṃ paṭinissaggasabhāvattā tato vinissaṭatā, tannissaraṇanimittatā vā. <span class="bld">Vivekaṭṭho</span> sabbasaṅkhāravisaṃyuttatā. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhataṭṭho</span> kenacipi paccayena anabhisaṅkhatatā. <span class="bld">Amataṭṭho</span> niccasabhāvattā maraṇābhāvo, sattānaṃ maraṇābhāvahetutā vā. <span class="bld">Maggassa niyyānaṭṭho</span> vaṭṭadukkhato niggamanaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Hetuattho</span> nibbānassa sampāpakabhāvo. <span class="bld">Dassanaṭṭho</span> accantasukhumassa nibbānassa sacchikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ādhipateyyaṭṭho</span> catusaccadassane sampayuttānaṃ ādhipaccakaraṇaṃ, ārammaṇādhipatibhāvo vā visesato maggādhipativacanato. Satipi hi jhānādīnaṃ ārammaṇādhipatibhāve ‘‘jhānādhipatino dhammā’’ti evamādiṃ avatvā ‘‘maggādhipatino dhammā’’ icceva vuttaṃ, tasmā viññāyati ‘‘atthi maggassa ārammaṇādhipatibhāve viseso’’ti. Ete ca pīḷanādayo soḷasākārā nāma. Kasmā panettha aññesu rogagaṇṭhādiākāresu vijjamānesu eteva pariggayhantīti? Salakkhaṇato ca saccantaradassanato ca āvibhāvato. Svāyamattho parato saccakathāyameva āvi bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dibbavihāro</span> kasiṇādiārammaṇāni rūpāvacarajjhānāni. Mettādijjhānāni <span class="bld">brahmavihāro</span>. Phalasamāpatti <span class="bld">ariyavihāro</span>. Kāmehi vivekaṭṭhakāyatāvasena ekībhāvo <span class="bld">kāyaviveko</span>. Paṭhamajjhānādinā nīvaraṇādīhi vivittacittatā <span class="bld">cittaviveko. Upadhiviveko</span> nibbānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aññe</span>ti lokiyābhiññādike.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesābhisaṅkhāravasena bhavesu paribbhamanaṃ, so ca taṇhāppadhānoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ gamana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Vanta</span>nti ariyamaggamukhena uggiritaṃ puna apaccāvamanavasena chaḍḍitaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhagavāti vuccati</span> niruttinayenāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā…pe… mekhalā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M1.0258"></a><a name="V1.0243"></a> nayo – bhāgavāti bhagavā, bhatavāti bhagavā, bhāge vanīti bhagavā, bhage vanīti bhagavā, bhattavāti bhagavā, bhage vamīti bhagavā. Bhāge vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhāgavāti bhagavā</span>? Ye te sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā guṇakoṭṭhāsā, te anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā tathāgatassa atthi upalabbhanti. Tathā hissa sīlaṃ samādhi paññā vimutti vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ, hirī ottappaṃ, saddhā vīriyaṃ, sati sampajaññaṃ, sīlavisuddhi diṭṭhivisuddhi, samatho vipassanā, tīṇi kusalamūlāni, tīṇi sucaritāni, tayo sammāvitakkā, tisso anavajjasaññā, tisso dhātuyo, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, cattāro sammappadhānā, cattāro iddhipādā, cattāro ariyamaggā, cattāri ariyaphalāni, catasso paṭisambhidā, catuyoniparicchedakañāṇāni, cattāro ariyavaṃsā, cattāri vesārajjañāṇāni, pañca padhāniyaṅgāni, pañcaṅgiko sammāsamādhi, pañcañāṇiko sammāsamādhi, pañcindriyāni, pañca balāni, pañca nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, pañca vimuttāyatanañāṇāni, pañca vimuttiparipācanīyā saññā, cha anussatiṭṭhānāni, cha gāravā, cha nissāraṇīyā dhātuyo, cha satatavihārā, cha anuttariyāni, cha nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā, cha abhiññā, cha asādhāraṇañāṇāni, satta aparihāniyā dhammā, satta ariyadhammā, satta ariyadhanāni, satta bojjhaṅgā, satta sappurisadhammā, satta nijjaravatthūni, satta saññā, sattadakkhiṇeyyapuggaladesanā, sattaviññāṇaṭṭhitidesanā, sattakhīṇāsavabaladesanā, aṭṭhapaññāpaṭilābhahetudesanā, aṭṭha sammattāni, aṭṭhalokadhammātikkamā, aṭṭha ārambhavatthūni, aṭṭhaakkhaṇadesanā, aṭṭha mahāpurisavitakkā, aṭṭhaabhibhāyatanadesanā, aṭṭha vimokkhā, nava yonisomanasikāramūlakā dhammā, nava pārisuddhipadhāniyaṅgāni, navasattāvāsadesanā, nava āghātapaṭivinayā, nava saññā, nava nānattā, nava anupubbavihārā, dasa nāthakāraṇā dhammā, dasa kasiṇāyatanāni, dasa kusalakammapathā, dasa sammattāni, dasa ariyavāsā, dasa asekkhadhammā, dasa tathāgatabalāni, ekādasa mettānisaṃsā, dvādasa <a name="M1.0259"></a> dhammacakkākārā, terasa dhutaguṇā, cuddasa buddhañāṇāni, pañcadasa vimuttiparipācanīyā dhammā, soḷasavidhā ānāpānassati, soḷasa aparantapanīyā dhammā, aṭṭhārasa buddhadhammā, ekūnavīsati paccavekkhaṇañāṇāni, catucattālīsa ñāṇavatthūni<a name="V1.0244"></a>, paññāsa udayabbayañāṇāni, paropaññāsa kusaladhammā, sattasattatiñāṇavatthūni, catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasamāpattisañcārimahāvajirañāṇaṃ, anantanayasamantapaṭṭhānapavicayapaccavekkhaṇadesanāñāṇāni, tathā anantāsu lokadhātūsu anantānaṃ sattānaṃ āsayādivibhāvanañāṇāni cāti evamādayo anantāparimāṇabhedā anaññasādhāraṇā niratisayā guṇabhāgā guṇakoṭṭhāsā saṃvijjanti upalabbhanti. Tasmā yathāvuttavibhāgā guṇabhāgā assa atthīti bhāgavāti vattabbe ā-kārassa rassattaṃ katvā ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vutto. Evaṃ tāva bhāgavāti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā sīlādayo sabbe, guṇabhāgā asesato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vijjanti sugate tasmā, ‘‘bhagavā’’ti pavuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhatavāti bhagavā</span>? Ye te sabbalokahitāya ussukkamāpannehi manussattādike aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā sammāsambodhiyā katamahābhinīhārehi mahābodhisattehi paripūretabbā dānapāramī, sīlanekkhammapaññāvīriyakhantisaccaadhiṭṭhānamettāupekkhāpāramīti dasa pāramiyo, dasa upapāramiyo, dasa paramatthapāramiyoti samatiṃsa pāramiyo, dānādīni cattāri saṅgahavatthūni, saccādīni cattāri adhiṭṭhānāni, attapariccāgo, nayana, dhana, rajja, puttadārapariccāgoti pañca mahāpariccāgā, pubbayogo, pubbacariyā, dhammakkhānaṃ, ñātatthacariyā, lokatthacariyā, buddhatthacariyāti evamādayo, saṅkhepato vā sabbe puññasambhārañāṇasambhārabuddhakārakadhammā, te mahābhinīhārato paṭṭhāya kappānaṃ satasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyāni yathā hānabhāgiyā, saṃkilesabhāgiyā, ṭhitibhāgiyā vā na honti, atha kho uttaruttari visesabhāgiyāva honti, evaṃ sakkaccaṃ nirantaraṃ anavasesato bhatā sambhatā assa atthīti bhatavāti vattabbe ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vutto niruttinayena ta-kārassa ga-kāraṃ katvā. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhatavā</span>ti teyeva yathāvutte buddhakārakadhamme vuttanayena bhari sambhari, paripūresīti attho. Evampi bhatavāti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sammāsambodhiyā <a name="M1.0260"></a> sabbe, dānapāramiādike;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambhāre bhatavā nātho, tasmāpi bhagavā mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="V1.0245"></a> <span class="bld">bhāge vanīti bhagavā</span>? Ye te catuvīsatikoṭisatasahassasaṅkhā devasikaṃ vaḷañjanakasamāpattibhāgā, te anavasesato lokahitatthaṃ, attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ niccakappaṃ niccakappaṃ vani bhaji sevi bahulamakāsīti bhāge vanīti bhagavā. Atha vā abhiññeyyadhammesu, kusalādīsu, khandhādīsu ca ye te pariññeyyādivasena saṅkhepato vā catubbidhā abhisamayabhāgā, vitthārato pana ‘‘cakkhuṃ pariññeyyaṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ pariññeyya’’ntiādinā anekapariññeyyabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa samudayo pahātabbo…pe… jarāmaraṇassa samudayo pahātabbo’’tiādinā pahātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa nirodho…pe… jarāmaraṇassa nirodho sacchikātabbo’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.21) sacchikātabbabhāgā, ‘‘cakkhussa nirodhagāminī paṭipadā’’tiādinā, ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’tiādinā ca anekabhedā bhāvetabbabhāgā ca dhammā, te sabbe vani bhaji yathārahaṃ gocarabhāvanāsevanānaṃ vasena sevi. Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā. Atha vā ye ime sīlādayo dhammakkhandhā sāvakehi sādhāraṇā guṇakoṭṭhāsā guṇabhāgā, ‘‘kinti nu kho te veneyyasantānesu patiṭṭhapeyya’’nti mahākaruṇāya vani abhipatthayi, sā cassa abhipatthanā yathādhippetaphalāvahā ahosi. Evampi bhāge vanīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yasmā ñeyyasamāpatti-guṇabhāge tathāgato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhaji patthayi sattānaṃ, hitāya bhagavā tato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhage vanīti bhagavā</span>? Samāsato tāva katapuññehi payogasampannehi yathāvibhavaṃ bhajīyantīti bhagā, lokiyalokuttarasampattiyo. Tattha lokiye tāva tathāgato sambodhito pubbe bodhisattabhūto paramukkaṃsagate vani bhaji sevi, yattha patiṭṭhāya niravasesato buddhakārakadhamme samannānento buddhadhamme paripācesi. Buddhabhūto <a name="M1.0261"></a> pana te niravajjasukhūpasaṃhite anaññasādhāraṇe lokuttarepi vani bhaji sevi. Vitthārato pana padesarajjaissariyacakkavattisampattidevarajjasampattiādivasena, jhānavimokkhasamādhisamāpattiñāṇadassanamaggabhāvanāphalasacchikiriyādiuttarimanussadhammavasena ca anekavihite anaññasādhāraṇe bhage vani bhaji sevi. Evampi bhage vanīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yā <a name="V1.0246"></a> tā sampattiyo loke, yā ca lokuttarā puthū;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sabbā tā bhaji sambuddho, tasmāpi bhagavā mato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhattavāti bhagavā</span>? Bhattā daḷhabhattikā assa bahū atthīti bhattavā. Tathāgato hi mahākaruṇāsabbaññutaññāṇādiaparimitanirupamappabhāvaguṇavisesasamaṅgi bhāvato sabbasattuttamo sabbānatthaparihārapubbaṅgamāya niravasesahitasukhavidhānatapparāya niratisayāya payogasampattiyā sadevamanussāya pajāya accantupakāritāya dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇaasītianubyañjanabyāmappabhādianaññasādhāraṇaguṇavisesapaṭimaṇḍitarūpakāyatāya yathābhuccaguṇādhigatena ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinayappavattena lokattayabyāpināsuvipulena, suvisuddhena ca thutighosena samannāgatattā, ukkaṃsapāramippattāsu appicchatāsantuṭṭhiādīsu supatiṭṭhitabhāvato, dasabalacatuvesārajjādiniratisayaguṇavisesasamaṅgibhāvato ca ‘‘rūpappamāṇo rūpappasanno, ghosappamāṇo ghosappasanno, lūkhappamāṇo lūkhappasanno, dhammappamāṇo dhammappasanno’’ti evaṃ catuppamāṇike lokasannivāse sabbathāpi pasādāvahabhāvena samantapāsādikattā aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ sadevamanussānaṃ ādarabahumānagāravāyatanatāya paramapemasambhattiṭṭhānaṃ. Ye tassa ovāde patiṭṭhitā aveccappasādena samannāgatā honti, kenaci asaṃhāriyā tesaṃ sambhatti samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vāti. Tathā hi te attano jīvitapariccāgepi tattha pasādaṃ na pariccajanti, tassa vā āṇaṃ daḷhabhattibhāvato. Tenevāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo ve kataññū katavedi dhīro,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hotī’’ti. (jā. 2.17.78);</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi<a name="M1.0262"></a>, bhikkhave, mahāsamuddo ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātivattati, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ mayā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mama sāvakā jīvitahetupi nātikkamantī’’ti (udā. 45; cūḷava. 385) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ bhattavāti bhagavā niruttinayena ekassa ta-kārassa lopaṃ katvā itarassa ga-kāraṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Guṇātisayayuttassa<a name="V1.0247"></a>, yasmā lokahitesino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sambhattā bahavo satthu, bhagavā tena vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhage vamīti bhagavā</span>? Yasmā tathāgato bodhisattabhūtopi purimāsu jātīsu pāramiyo pūrento bhagasaṅkhātaṃ siriṃ, issariyaṃ, yasañca vami uggiri kheḷapiṇḍaṃ viya anapekkho chaḍḍayi. Tathā hissa <span class="bld">somanassakumārakāle</span> (jā. 1.15.211 ādayo) <span class="bld">hatthipālakumārakāle</span> (jā. 1.15.337 ādayo) <span class="bld">ayogharapaṇḍitakāle</span> (jā. 1.15.363 ādayo) <span class="bld">mūgapakkhapaṇḍitakāle</span> (jā. 2.22.1 ādayo) <span class="bld">cūḷasutasomakāle</span>ti (jā. 2.17.195 ādayo) evamādīsu nekkhammapāramipūraṇavasena devarajjasadisāya rajjasiriyā pariccattaattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ natthi. Carimattabhāvepi hatthagataṃ cakkavattisiriṃ devalokādhipaccasadisaṃ catudīpissariyaṃ, cakkavattisampattisannissayaṃ sattaratanasamujjalaṃ yasañca tiṇāyapi amaññamāno nirapekkho pahāya abhinikkhamitvā sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho, tasmā ime siriādike bhage vamīti bhagavā. Atha vā bhāni nāma nakkhattāni, tehi samaṃ gacchanti pavattantīti bhagā, sineruyugandharauttarakuruhimavantādibhājanalokavisesasannissayā sobhā kappaṭṭhiyabhāvato. Tepi bhagavā vami tannivāsasattāvāsasamatikkamanato tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahānena pajahīti. Evampi bhage vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cakkavattisiriṃ yasmā, yasaṃ issariyaṃ sukhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pahāsi lokacittañca, sugato bhagavā tato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <span class="bld">bhāge vamīti bhagavā</span>? Bhāgā nāma sabhāvadhammakoṭṭhāsā, te khandhāyatanadhātādivasena, tatthāpi rūpavedanādivasena, atītādivasena ca anekavidhā, te ca bhagavā ‘‘sabbaṃ papañcaṃ, sabbaṃ yogaṃ, sabbaṃ <a name="M1.0263"></a> ganthaṃ, sabbaṃ saṃyojanaṃ samucchinditvā amataṃ dhātuṃ samadhigacchanto vami uggiri anapekkho chaḍḍayi na paccāvami. Tathā hesa sabbatthakameva pathaviṃ āpaṃ tejaṃ vāyaṃ, cakkhuṃ sotaṃ ghānaṃ jivhaṃ kāyaṃ manaṃ, rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ, cakkhusamphassaṃ…pe… manosamphassaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ saññaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ saññaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ cetanaṃ, rūpataṇhaṃ <a name="V1.0248"></a> …pe… dhammataṇhaṃ, rūpavitakkaṃ…pe… dhammavitakkaṃ, rūpavicāraṃ…pe… dhammavicāra’’ntiādinā anupadadhammavibhāgavasenapi sabbeva dhammakoṭṭhāse anavasesato vami uggiri anapekkhapariccāgena chaḍḍayi. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yaṃ taṃ, ānanda, cattaṃ vantaṃ muttaṃ pahīnaṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, taṃ tathāgato puna paccāvamissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.183).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā. Atha vā <span class="bld">bhāge vamī</span>ti sabbepi kusalākusale sāvajjānavajje hīnapaṇīte kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāge dhamme ariyamaggañāṇamukhena vami uggiri anapekkho pariccaji pajahi, paresañca tathattāya dhammaṃ desesi. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dhammāpi vo, bhikkhave, pahātabbā, pageva adhammā (ma. ni. 1.240). Kullūpamaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi nittharaṇatthāya, no gahaṇatthāyā’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.240).</p>
<p class="unindented">Evampi bhāge vamīti bhagavā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Khandhāyatanadhātādi-dhammabhedā mahesinā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kaṇhā sukkā yato vantā, tatopi bhagavā mato.</p>
<p class="unindented">Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhāgavā bhatavā bhāge, bhage ca vani bhattavā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Bhage vami tathā bhāge, vamīti bhagavā jino’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca yasmā saṅkhepato attahitasampattiparahitapaṭipattivasena duvidhā buddhaguṇā, tāsu attahitasampatti pahānasampadāñāṇasampadābhedato duvidhā, ānubhāvasampadādīnaṃ tadavinābhāvena tadantogadhattā. Parahitapaṭipatti payogāsayabhedato <a name="M1.0264"></a> duvidhā. Tattha payogato lābhasakkārādinirapekkhacittassa sabbadukkhaniyyānikadhammūpadeso, āsayato paṭiviruddhesupi niccaṃ hitesitā, ñāṇaparipākakālāgamanādiparahitapaṭipatti ca, āmisapaṭiggahaṇādināpi atthacariyā <a name="V1.0249"></a> parahitapaṭipatti hotiyeva. Tasmā tesaṃ vibhāvanavasena pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘araha’’ntiādīnaṃ padānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘araha’’</span>nti iminā padena pahānasampadāvasena bhagavato attahitasampatti vibhāvitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sammāsambuddho, lokavidū’’</span>ti ca imehi padehi ñāṇasampadāvasena. Nanu ca ‘‘lokavidū’’ti imināpi sammāsambuddhatā vibhāvīyatīti? Saccaṃ vibhāvīyati, atthi pana viseso, ‘‘sammāsambuddho’’ti iminā sabbaññutaññāṇānubhāvo vibhāvito, ‘‘lokavidū’’ti pana iminā āsayānusayañāṇādīnampi ānubhāvo vibhāvitoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Vijjācaraṇasampanno’’</span>ti iminā sabbāpi bhagavato attahitasampatti vibhāvitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Sugato’’</span>ti pana iminā samudāgamato paṭṭhāya bhagavato attahitasampatti, parahitapaṭipatti ca vibhāvitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussāna’’</span>nti imehi padehi bhagavato parahitapaṭipatti vibhāvitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Buddho’’</span>ti iminā bhagavato attahitasampatti, parahitapaṭipatti ca vibhāvitā. Evañca katvā ‘‘sammāsambuddho’’ti vatvā ‘‘buddho’’ti vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. Tenevāha ‘‘attanāpi bujjhi aññepi satte bodhesī’’tiādi. <span class="bld">‘‘Bhagavā’’</span>ti ca imināpi samudāgamato paṭṭhāya bhagavato sabbā attahitasampatti, parahitapaṭipatti ca vibhāvitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – hetuphalasattūpakāravasena saṅkhepato tividhā buddhaguṇā. Tattha ‘‘arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno lokavidū’’ti imehi padehi phalasampattivasena buddhaguṇā vibhāvitā. ‘‘Anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussāna’’nti imehi sattūpakāravasena buddhaguṇā pakāsitā. ‘‘Buddho’’ti iminā phalavasena, sattūpakāravasena ca buddhaguṇā vibhāvitā. ‘‘Sugato bhagavā’’ti pana imehi padehi hetuphalasattūpakāravasena buddhaguṇā vibhāvitāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0265"></a> buddhānussatikammaṭṭhānikassa yogino. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘tatrāyaṃ nayo’’tiādinā vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti buddhaguṇānussaraṇasamaye. <span class="bld">Rāgapariyuṭṭhita</span>nti rāgena pariyuṭṭhitaṃ, pariyuṭṭhānappattehi rāgehi sahitaṃ cittaṃ araññamiva corehi tena pariyuṭṭhitanti vuttaṃ, tassa pariyuṭṭhānaṭṭhānabhāvato, pariyuṭṭhitarāganti attho. Yaṃ vā rāgassa pariyuṭṭhānaṃ, taṃ taṃsahite citte upacaritanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Etasmiṃ pakkhe <span class="bld">rāgenā</span>ti rāgena hetunāti <a name="V1.0250"></a> attho. <span class="bld">Ujugatamevā</span>ti pageva kāyavaṅkādīnaṃ apanītattā, cittassa ca anujubhāvakarānaṃ māyādīnaṃ abhāvato, rāgādipariyuṭṭhānābhāvena vā onatiunnativirahato ujubhāvameva kataṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">ujugatamevā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa vīthiṃ otiṇṇatāya līnuddhaccavigamanato majjhimasamathanimittapaṭipattiyā ujubhāvameva gataṃ. <span class="bld">Tathāgataṃ ārabbhā</span>ti tathāgataguṇe ārammaṇaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iccassā</span>ti iti assa. ‘‘So bhagavā itipi araha’’ntiādinā pubbe vuttappakārena buddhaguṇe anuvitakkayatoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ‘‘neva tasmiṃ samaye’’tiādinā vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Buddhaguṇapoṇā</span>ti buddhaguṇaninnā. <span class="bld">‘‘Vitakkavicārā pavattantī’’</span>ti etena buddhaguṇasaṅkhātaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ vitakkāhataṃ, vitakkapariyāhataṃ, punappunaṃ anumajjanañca karotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Pīti uppajjatī</span>ti bhāvanāvasena upacārajjhānanipphādikā balavatī pīti uppajjati. <span class="bld">Pītimanassa</span> vuttappakārapītisahitacittassa. <span class="bld">Kāyacittadarathā</span>ti kāyacittapassaddhīnaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtā sukhumāvatthā uddhaccasahagatā kilesā. <span class="bld">Paṭippassambhantī</span>ti sannisīdanti. <span class="bld">Anukkamena ekakkhaṇe</span>ti yadā buddhaguṇārammaṇā bhāvanā uparūpari visesaṃ āvahantī pavattati, tadā nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāneva honti, kilesā sannisinnāva honti, suvisadāni saddhādīni indriyāni honti, bhāvanāya paguṇatāya vitakkavicārā sātisayaṃ paṭukiccāva honti, balavatī pīti uppajjati, pītipadaṭṭhānā passaddhi savisesā jāyati, passaddhakāyassa samādhipadaṭṭhānaṃ sukhaṃ thirataraṃ hutvā pavattati, sukhena anubrūhitaṃ cittaṃ kammaṭṭhāne sammadeva samādhiyati. Evaṃ anukkamena pubbabhāge vitakkādayo uparūpari paṭupaṭutarabhāvena pavattitvā bhāvanāya majjhimasamathapaṭipattiyā indriyānañca ekarasabhāvena paṭutamāni hutvā ekakkhaṇe <span class="bld">jhānaṅgāni uppajjanti</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ bhagavatā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ<a name="M1.0266"></a>, mahānāma, samaye ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati, nevassa tasmiṃ samaye rāgapariyuṭṭhitaṃ cittaṃ hoti…pe… sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyatī’’ti (a. ni. 6.10).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha jhānaṃ appanāpattaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘buddhaguṇānaṃ pana gambhīratāyā’’</span>tiādi. Gambhīre hi ārammaṇe gambhīre udake patitanāvā viya samathabhāvanā patiṭṭhaṃ <a name="V1.0251"></a> na labhati, ‘‘gambhīratāyā’’ti ca iminā sabhāvadhammatāpi saṅgahitā. Sabhāvadhammo hi gambhīro na paññatti. Nanu ca tajjāpaññattivasena sabhāvadhammo gayhatīti? Saccaṃ gayhati pubbabhāge, bhāvanāya pana vaḍḍhamānāya paññattiṃ samatikkamitvā sabhāveyeva cittaṃ tiṭṭhati. Nanu ca sabhāvadhammepi katthaci appanā samijjhati dutiyāruppajjhānādīti? Saccaṃ samijjhati, tañca kho ekappakāre ārammaṇe, idaṃ pana nānappakāranti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘nānappakāraguṇānussaraṇādhimuttatāyā’’</span>ti āha. Evampi yathā nānappakāresu kesādikoṭṭhāsesu manasikāraṃ pavattentassa ekasmiṃyeva koṭṭhāse appanāvasena bhāvanā avatiṭṭhati, evamidha kasmā na hotīti? Visamoyaṃ upaññāso. Tattha hi satipi koṭṭhāsabahubhāve ekappakāreneva bhāvanā vattati paṭikkūlākārasseva gahaṇato, idha pana nānappakārena guṇānaṃ nānappakārattā, na ayamekasmiṃyeva guṇe ṭhātuṃ sakkoti bhāvanābalena paccakkhato buddhaguṇesu upaṭṭhahantesu saddhāya balavabhāvato. Teneva hi <span class="bld">‘‘adhimuttatāyā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yadi upacārappattaṃ jhānaṃ hoti, kathaṃ buddhānussatīti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tadeta’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sagāravo hoti sappatisso,</span> satthu guṇasarīrassa paccakkhato upaṭṭhahanato. Tatoyeva <span class="bld">saddhāvepullaṃ</span> aveccappasādasadisaṃ saddhāmahattaṃ. Buddhaguṇānaṃ anussaraṇavasena bhāvanāya pavattattā <span class="bld">sativepullaṃ</span>. Tesaṃ paramagambhīratāya, nānappakāratāya ca <span class="bld">paññāvepullaṃ</span>. Tesaṃ uḷārapuññakkhettatāya <span class="bld">puññavepullañca adhigacchati. Pītipāmojjabahulo hoti</span> pītisambojjhaṅgaṭṭhānīyattā buddhānussatiyā. <span class="bld">Bhayabheravasaho</span> buddhaguṇārammaṇāya satiyā bhayabheravābhibhavanato. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘anussaretha sambuddhaṃ, bhayaṃ tumhāka no siyā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.249 thokaṃ visadisaṃ). <span class="bld">Dukkhādhivāsanasamattho</span> buddhānussatiyā sarīradukkhassa padumapalāse udakassa viya vinivaṭṭanato<a name="M1.0267"></a>. <span class="bld">Saṃvāsasañña</span>nti sahavāsasaññaṃ. <span class="bld">Buddhabhūmiyaṃ cittaṃ namati</span> buddhaguṇānaṃ mahantabhāvassa paccakkhato upaṭṭhānato. Buddhānussatibhāvanāya sabbadā buddhaguṇānaṃ citte viparivattanato vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sammukhā satthāraṃ passato viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Uttari appaṭivijjhanto</span>ti imāya bhāvanāya upari taṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā saccāni appaṭivijjhanto. <span class="bld">Sugatiparāyaṇo</span>ti sugatisamparāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appamāda</span>nti appamajjanaṃ sakkaccaṃ anuyogaṃ. <span class="bld">Kayirāthā</span>ti kareyya. <span class="bld">Sumedhaso</span>ti sundarapañño<a name="V1.0252"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ mahānubhāvāyā</span>ti vuttappakārena nīvaraṇavikkhambhanādisamatthena satthari sagāravabhāvādihetubhūtena mahatā sāmatthiyena samannāgatāya.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Dhammānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. <span class="bld">Dhammānussati</span>nti ettha padattho, sabhāvattho ca ādito vuttoyevāti taṃ anāmasitvā bhāvanāvidhānameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammānussatiṃ bhāvetukāmenāpī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Kasmā panettha buddhānussatiyaṃ viya ‘‘aveccappasādasamannāgatenā’’ti na vuttaṃ. Nanu etā paṭipāṭiyā cha anussatiyo ariyasāvakānaṃ vasena desanaṃ āruḷhāti? Saccametaṃ, evaṃ santepi ‘‘parisuddhasīlādiguṇānaṃ puthujjanānampi ijjhantī’’ti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘aveccappasādasamannāgatenā’’ti idha na vuttaṃ, ariyasāvakānaṃ pana sukhena ijjhantīti. Tathāpi pāḷiyaṃ āgatattā ca buddhānussatiniddese vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ, ayañca vicāro parato āgamissateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyattidhammopī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena lokuttaradhammaṃ sampiṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Itaresū</span>ti sandiṭṭhikādipadesu. <span class="bld">Lokuttaradhammovā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ nippariyāyena sandiṭṭhikādiatthaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, pariyāyato panete pariyattidhammepi sambhavanteva. Tathā hi <span class="bld">pariyattidhammo</span> bahussutena āgatāgamena paramena satinepakkena samannāgatena paññavatā ādikalyāṇatādivisesato sayaṃ daṭṭhabboti <span class="bld">sandiṭṭhiko</span>. Ācariyapayirupāsanāya vinā na labbhāti ce? Lokuttaradhammepi samāne kalyāṇamittasannissayeneva sijjhanato, tathā satthusandassanepi. ‘‘Sandiṭṭhiyā jayatī’’ti ayaṃ panattho titthiyanimmaddane nippariyāyatova labbhati<a name="M1.0268"></a>, kilesajaye pariyāyato paramparāhetubhāvato. ‘‘Sandiṭṭhaṃ arahatī’’ti ayampi attho labbhateva, sabbaso saṃkilesadhammānaṃ pahānaṃ, vodānadhammānaṃ paribrūhanañca uddissa pavattattā. Ayañca attho ‘‘ye kho tvaṃ, gotami, dhamme jāneyyāsi, ime dhammā sarāgāya saṃvattanti no virāgāya, saññogāya saṃvattanti no visaññogāya, saupādānāya saṃvattanti no anupādānāya. Ekaṃsena, gotami, dhāreyyāsi ‘neso dhammo, neso vinayo, netaṃ satthusāsana’’’nti (cūḷava. 406; a. ni. 8.53), ‘‘dhammāpi vo, bhikkhave, pahātabbā, pageva adhammā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.240) ca evamādīhi suttapadehi vibhāvetabbo. Akālikādhigamupāyatāya <span class="bld">akāliko</span>. Vijjamānatāparisuddhatāhi ehipassavidhiṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">ehipassiko</span>. Tato eva vaṭṭadukkhanittharaṇatthikehi <a name="V1.0253"></a> attano citte upanayanaṃ, cittassa vā tattha upanayanaṃ arahatīti <span class="bld">opaneyyiko</span>. Vimuttāyatanasīse ṭhatvā paricayena sammadeva atthavedaṃ, dhammavedañca labhantehi <span class="bld">paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī</span>ti. Evaṃ sandiṭṭhikādipadesu pariyattidhammampi pakkhipitvā manasikāro yujjateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā</span>ti gāthā. <span class="bld">Samantabhadrakattā</span>ti sabbabhāgehi sundarattā. <span class="bld">Dhammassā</span>ti sāsanadhammassa. Kiñcāpi avayavavinimutto samudāyo nāma paramatthato koci natthi, yesu pana avayavesu samudāyarūpena avekkhitesu ‘‘gāthā’’ti samaññā, taṃ tato bhinnaṃ viya katvā saṃsāmivohāraṃ āropetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paṭhamena pādena ādikalyāṇā’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekānusandhika’’</span>nti idaṃ nātibahuvibhāgaṃ yathānusandhinā ekānusandhikaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, itarassa pana teneva desetabbadhammavibhāgena ādimajjhapariyosānabhāgā labbhantīti. <span class="bld">Nidānenā</span>ti kāladesadesakaparisādiapadisanalakkhaṇena nidānaganthena. <span class="bld">Nigamanenā</span>ti ‘‘idamavocā’’tiādikena (saṃ. ni. 1.249), ‘‘iti yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ, idametaṃ paṭicca vutta’’nti (a. ni. 10.27) vā yathāvuttatthanigamanena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ kathā visesato suttapiṭakasaṃvaṇṇanāti katvā suttapiṭakavasena dhammassa ādikalyāṇādikaṃ dassetvā idāni suttapiṭakavinayapiṭakānaṃ vasena taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sanidānasauppattikattā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sanidānasauppattikattā</span>ti yathāvuttanidānena sanidānatāya, saaṭṭhuppattikatāya <a name="M1.0269"></a> ca. <span class="bld">Veneyyānaṃ anurūpato</span>ti sikkhāpadapaññattiyā, dhammadesanāya ca taṃtaṃsikkhāpadabhāvena paññāpiyamānassa veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ pavattiyamānassa anurūpato. <span class="bld">Atthassā</span>ti desiyamānassa ca sīlādiatthassa. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu (saṃ. ni. 1.249)? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 3.95) tattha tattha hetūpamāgahaṇena <span class="bld">hetudāharaṇayuttato</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ suttavinayavasena pariyattidhammassa ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇataṃ dassetvā idāni tīṇi piṭakāni ekajjhaṃ gahetvā taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakalopī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sāsanadhammo</span>ti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sabbapāpassa <a name="V1.0254"></a> akaraṇaṃ, kusalassa upasampadā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sacittapariyodapanaṃ, etaṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti. (dha. pa. 183; dī. ni. 2.90) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttassa satthusāsanassa pakāsako pariyattidhammo. <span class="bld">Sīlena ādikalyāṇo</span> sīlamūlakattā sāsanassa. Samathādīhi <span class="bld">majjhekalyāṇo</span> tesaṃ sāsanasampattiyā vemajjhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Nibbānena pariyosānakalyāṇo</span> tadadhigamato uttarikaraṇīyābhāvato. Sāsane sammāpaṭipatti nāma paññāya hoti, tassā ca sīlaṃ, samādhi ca mūlanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sīlasamādhīhi ādikalyāṇo’’</span>ti. Paññā pana anubodhapaṭivedhavasena duvidhāti tadubhayampi gaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāmaggehi majjhekalyāṇo’’</span>ti āha. Tassa nipphatti phalaṃ, kiccaṃ nibbānasacchikiriyā, tato paraṃ kattabbaṃ natthīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘phalanibbānehi pariyosānakalyāṇo’’</span>ti. Phalaggahaṇena vā saupādisesanibbānamāha, itarena itaraṃ, tadubhayañca sāsanasampattiyā osānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phalanibbānehi pariyosānakalyāṇo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddhassa subodhitā sammāsambuddhatā, tāya <span class="bld">ādikalyāṇo</span> tappabhavattā. Sabbaso saṃkilesappahānaṃ vodānaṃ, pāripūrī ca dhammasudhammatā, tāya <span class="bld">majjhekalyāṇo</span> taṃsarīrattā. Satthārā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipatti <span class="bld">saṅghasuppaṭipatti,</span> tāya <span class="bld">pariyosānakalyāṇo,</span> tāya sāsanassa loke suppatiṭṭhitabhāvato. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti sāsanadhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathattāyā</span>ti yathattāya bhagavatā dhammo desito, tathattāya tathabhāvāya. So pana abhisambodhi paccekabodhi sāvakabodhīti tividho<a name="M1.0270"></a>, ito aññathā nibbānādhigamassa abhāvato. Tattha sabbaguṇehi aggabhāvato, itarabodhidvayamūlatāya ca paṭhamāya bodhiyā <span class="bld">ādikalyāṇatā,</span> guṇehi vemajjhabhāvato dutiyāya <span class="bld">majjhekalyāṇatā,</span> tadubhayāvaratāya, tadosānatāya ca sāsanadhammassa tatiyāya <span class="bld">pariyosānakalyāṇatā</span> vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eso</span>ti sāsanadhammo. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇavikkhambhanato</span>ti vimuttāyatanasīse ṭhatvā saddhammaṃ suṇantassa nīvaraṇānaṃ vikkhambhanasambhavato. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yathā yathāvuso, bhikkhuno satthā vā dhammaṃ deseti, aññataro vā garuṭṭhāniyo sabrahmacārī<a name="V1.0255"></a>, tathā tathā so tattha labhati atthavedaṃ labhati dhammaveda’’nti (a. ni. 5.26).</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Yasmiṃ, bhikkhave, samaye ariyasāvako ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇāti, pañcassa nīvaraṇāni tasmiṃ samaye pahīnāni hontī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.219) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ca ādi. <span class="bld">Samathavipassanāsukhāvahanato</span>ti samathasukhassa ca vipassanāsukhassa ca sampādanato. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘So vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukha’’ntiādi (dī. ni. 1.279; ma. ni. 2.138).</p>
<p class="unindented">Tathā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānataṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Amānusī ratī hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato’’ti ca. (dha. pa. 374, 373);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathāpaṭipanno</span>ti yathā samathavipassanāsukhaṃ āvahati, yathā vā satthārā anusiṭṭhaṃ, tathā paṭipanno sāsanadhammo. <span class="bld">Tādibhāvāvahanato</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhāvasena iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvassa lokadhammehi anupalepassa āvahanato. Esa bhagavā vuttanayena tividhakalyāṇaṃ dhammaṃ desento yaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ, maggabrahmacariyañca pakāseti, taṃ yathānurūpaṃ atthasampattiyā sātthaṃ, byañjanasampattiyā sabyañjananti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M1.0271"></a> avisesena tisso sikkhā, sakalo ca tantidhammo <span class="bld">sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘katamesānaṃ kho, bhante, buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ brahmacariyaṃ naciraṭṭhitikaṃ ahosī’’tiādi (pārā. 18). Sabbasikkhānaṃ maṇḍabhūtasikkhattayasaṅgahito ariyamaggo <span class="bld">maggabrahmacariyaṃ</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya <a name="V1.0256"></a> vuttaṃ ‘‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīya’’nti (mahāva. 23; saṃ. ni. 5.186). <span class="bld">Yathānurūpa</span>nti yathārahaṃ. Sikkhattayasaṅgahaṃ hi sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ atthasampattiyā <span class="bld">sātthaṃ</span>. Maggabrahmacariye vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Atthasampattiyā</span>ti sampannatthatāya. Sampattiattho hi idha saha-saddo. Itaraṃ pana yathāvuttenatthena <span class="bld">sātthaṃ, sabyañjana</span>ñca. Ye panettha ‘‘vacanasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">sātthaṃ,</span> atthasabhāvaṃ <span class="bld">sabyañjana’’</span>nti vibhajitvā vadanti, taṃ na sundaraṃ, tathā vibhattassa pariyattidhammassa abhāvato. Saddatthā hi abhinnarūpā viya hutvā viniyogaṃ gacchanti. Tathā hi nesaṃ lokiyāmissībhāvaṃ paṭijānanti. Satipi vā bhede ‘‘sabyañjana’’nti ettha yadi tulyayogo adhippeto ‘‘saputto āgato’’tiādīsu viya, evaṃ sati ‘‘atthapaṭisaraṇā, bhikkhave, hotha, mā byañjanapaṭisaraṇā’’ti atthappadhānavādo bādhito siyā, atha vijjamānatāmattaṃ ‘‘salomako sapakkhako’’tiādīsu viya byañjanasampatti aggahitā siyā. Tasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttanayeneva attho gahetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sātthaṃ sabyañjana</span>nti ettha nettinayenāpi atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkāsana…pe… sabyañjana’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Tattha yadipi nettiyaṃ byañjanamukhena byañjanatthaggahaṇaṃ hotīti ‘‘akkharaṃ pada’’ntiādinā (netti. 4 dvādasapada) byañjanapadāni paṭhamaṃ uddiṭṭhāni, idha pana pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘sātthaṃ sabyañjana’’nti āgatattā atthapadāniyeva paṭhamaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkāsanapakāsanā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha saṅkhepato kāsanaṃ dīpanaṃ <span class="bld">saṅkāsanaṃ</span> ‘‘maññamāno bhikkhu baddho mārassa, amaññamāno mutto’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.64) viya. Tattakena hi tena bhikkhunā paṭividdhaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘aññātaṃ bhagavā’’tiādi. Paṭhamaṃ kāsanaṃ <span class="bld">pakāsanaṃ</span>. Ādikammasmiṃ hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">pa</span>saddo ‘‘paññapeti paṭṭhapetī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.20) viya. Tikkhindriyāpekkhaṃ cetaṃ padadvayaṃ uddesabhāvato. Tikkhindriyo hi saṅkhepato paṭhamañca vuttamatthaṃ paṭipajjati<a name="M1.0272"></a>. Saṃkhittassa vitthāravacanaṃ, sakiṃ vuttassa puna vacanañca <span class="bld">vivaraṇavibhajanāni</span>. Yathā ‘‘kusalā dhammā’’ti saṅkhepato sakiṃyeva ca vuttassa atthassa ‘‘katame dhammā kusalā? Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ citta’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 1) vitthārato vivaraṇavasena, vibhajanavasena ca puna vacanaṃ. Majjhimindriyāpekkhametaṃ padadvayaṃ niddesabhāvato. Vivaṭassa vitthāratarābhidhānaṃ, vibhattassa ca pakārehi ñāpanaṃ veneyyānaṃ cittaparitosanaṃ <span class="bld">uttānīkaraṇapaññāpanāni</span>. Yathā ‘‘phasso hotī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 2) vivaṭavibhattassa atthassa ‘‘katamo tasmiṃ samaye phasso? Yo tasmiṃ samaye phasso phusanā samphusanā’’tiādinā <a name="V1.0257"></a> (dha. sa. 2) uttānīkiriyā, paññāpanā ca. Mudindriyāpekkhametaṃ padadvayaṃ paṭiniddesabhāvato. ‘‘Paññāpanapaṭṭhapanavivaraṇavibhajanauttānīkaraṇapakāsanaatthapadasamāyogato’’tipi pāṭho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ panāyaṃ pāṭhavikappo jātoti? Vuccate – nettipāḷiyaṃ āgatanayena purimapāṭho. Tattha hi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṅkāsanā pakāsanā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Vivaraṇā vibhajanuttānīkammapaññatti;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Etehi chahi padehi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Attho kammañca niddiṭṭha’’nti. (netti. 4 dvādasapada) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Desanāhārayojanāya ca etassevatthassa ‘‘saṅkāsanā pakāsanā’’tiādinā āgataṃ. Pacchimo pana ‘‘paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti ‘passathā’ti cāhā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) sutte āgatanayena byañjanamattakato. Evañca nesaṃ dvinnaṃ pāṭhānaṃ viseso, na atthato. Tathā hi saṅkhepato ‘‘paṭhamaṃ ñāpanaṃ <span class="bld">paññāpanaṃ,</span> paṭhamameva ṭhapanaṃ <span class="bld">paṭṭhapana’’</span>nti imāni padāni saṅkāsanapakāsanapadehi atthato avisiṭṭhāni. Yañca purimapāṭhe chaṭṭhaṃ padaṃ ‘‘pakārato ñāpana’’nti paññāpanaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ dutiyapāṭhe pakāsanapadena ‘‘nibbisesaṃ pakārato kāsana’’nti katvā. Yasmā ñāpanakāsanāni atthāvabhāsanasabhāvatāya abhinnāni, sabbesañca veneyyānaṃ cittassa tosanaṃ, buddhiyā ca nisānaṃ yāthāvato vatthusabhāvāvabhāsane jāyatīti. Evaṃ atthapadarūpattā pariyattiatthassa yathāvuttachaatthapadasamāyogato <span class="bld">sātthaṃ</span> sāsanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Akkharapadabyañjanākāraniruttiniddesasampattiyā</span>ti <a name="M1.0273"></a> ettha uccāraṇavelāyaṃ apariyosite pade vaṇṇo <span class="bld">akkharaṃ</span>. ‘‘Ekakkharaṃ padaṃ akkhara’’nti eke ‘‘ā evaṃ kira ta’’ntiādīsu ā-kārādayo viya. ‘‘Visuddhakaraṇānaṃ manasā desanāvācāya akkharaṇato akkhara’’nti aññe. Vibhattiyantaṃ atthañāpanato <span class="bld">padaṃ</span>. Saṅkhepato vuttaṃ padābhihitaṃ atthaṃ byañjetīti <span class="bld">byañjanaṃ,</span> vākyaṃ. ‘‘Kiriyāpadaṃ abyayakārakavisesanayuttaṃ vākya’’nti hi vadanti. Pakārato vākyavibhāgo <a name="V1.0258"></a> <span class="bld">ākāro</span>. Ākārābhihitaṃ nibbacanaṃ <span class="bld">nirutti</span>. Nibbacanavitthāro nissesupadesato <span class="bld">niddeso</span>. Etesaṃ akkharādīnaṃ byañjanapadānaṃ sampattiyā sampannatāya <span class="bld">sabyañjanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyamassa atthapadasamāyogo, byañjanasampatti ca – akkharehi saṅkāseti, padehi pakāseti, byañjanehi vivarati, ākārehi vibhajati, niruttīhi uttānīkaroti, niddesehi paññapeti, tathā akkharehi ugghāṭetvā padehi vineti ugghaṭitaññuṃ, byañjanehi vipañcetvā ākārehi vineti vipañcitaññuṃ, niruttīhi netvā niddesehi vineti neyyaṃ. Evañcāyaṃ dhammo ugghaṭiyamāno ugghaṭitaññuṃ vineti, vipañciyamāno vipañcitaññuṃ, niyyamāno neyyaṃ. Tattha ugghaṭanā ādi, vipañcanā majjhe, nayanamante. Evaṃ tīsu kālesu tidhā desito dosattayavidhamano guṇattayāvaho tividhaveneyyavinayanoti. Evampi tividhakalyāṇoyaṃ dhammo atthabyañjanapāripūriyā ‘‘sāttho sabyañjano’’ti veditabbo ‘‘paripuṇṇo, parisuddho’’ti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthagambhīratā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">attho</span> nāma tantiattho. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span> tanti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span> tantiyā, tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho. <span class="bld">Desanā</span> manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā. Te panete atthādayo yasmā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāhā, alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā <span class="bld">gambhīrā</span>. Atha vā <span class="bld">attho</span> nāma hetuphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span> hetu. <span class="bld">Desanā</span> paññatti, yathādhammaṃ dhammābhilāpo, anulomapaṭilomasaṅkhepavitthārādivasena vā kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span> abhisamayo, atthānurūpaṃ dhammesu, dhammānurūpaṃ atthesu, paññattipathānurūpaṃ paññattīsu avabodho, tesaṃ tesaṃ vā dhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo. Tepi cete atthādayo yasmā anupacitakusalasambhārehi duppaññehi <a name="M1.0274"></a> sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo dukkhogāhā, alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca, tasmā <span class="bld">gambhīrā</span>. Tesu paṭivedhassāpi atthasannissitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthagambhīratāpaṭivedhagambhīratāhi sāttha’’</span>nti atthaguṇadīpanato. Tāsaṃ dhammadesanānaṃ byañjanasannissitattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammagambhīratādesanāgambhīratāhi sabyañjana’’</span>nti tāsaṃ byañjanasampattidīpanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atthesu pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">atthapaṭisambhidā</span>. Atthadhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāsu pabhedagataṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭibhānapaṭisambhidā</span>ti imissāpi paṭisambhidāya atthavisayattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘atthapaṭibhānapaṭisambhidāvisayato sāttha’’</span>nti, atthasampattiyā asati tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti tanti<a name="V1.0259"></a>. <span class="bld">Niruttī</span>ti tantipadānaṃ niddhāretvā vacanaṃ. Tattha pabhedagatāni ñāṇāni dhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhammaniruttipaṭisambhidāvisayato sabyañjana</span>nti, asati byañjanasampattiyā tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Parikkhakajanappasādaka</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo hetuattho. Yasmā parikkhakajanānaṃ kiṃkusalagavesīnaṃ pasādāvahaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">sātthaṃ</span>. Atthasampannanti phalena hetuno anumānaṃ nadīpūrena viya upari vuṭṭhippavattiyā. Sātthakatā panassa paṇḍitavedanīyatāya, sā paramagambhīrasaṇhasukhumabhāvato veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘gambhīro duddaso’’tiādi (mahāva. 8). <span class="bld">Lokiyajanappasādakanti sabyañjana</span>nti yasmā lokiyajanassa pasādāvahaṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">sabyañjanaṃ</span>. Lokiyajano hi byañjanasampattiyā tussati, idhāpi phalena hetuno anumānaṃ. Sabyañjanatā panassa saddheyyatāya, sā ādikalyāṇādibhāvato veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha vā <span class="bld">paṇḍitavedanīyato sāttha’’</span>nti paññāpadaṭṭhānatāya atthasampannataṃ āha, tato parikkhakajanappasādakaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddheyyato sabyañjana</span>nti saddhāpadaṭṭhānatāya byañjanasampannataṃ, tato lokiyajanappasādakanti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Gambhīrādhippāyato sāttha</span>nti adhippāyato agādhāpāratāya atthasampannaṃ aññathā tadabhāvato. <span class="bld">Uttānapadato sabyañjana</span>nti subodhasaddatāya byañjanasampannaṃ, paramagambhīrassapi atthassa veneyyānaṃ suviññeyyabhāvāpādanato. Sabbopesa paṭhamassa atthadvayassa pabhedo daṭṭhabbo, tathā ceva tattha tattha saṃvaṇṇitaṃ. Tathā hettha <a name="M1.0275"></a> vikappassa, samuccayassa vā aggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Upanetabbassā</span>ti pakkhipitabbassa vodānatthassa avuttassa <span class="bld">abhāvato. Sakalaparipuṇṇabhāvenā</span>ti sabbabhāgehi paripuṇṇatāya. <span class="bld">Apanetabbassā</span>ti saṃkilesadhammassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭipattiyā</span>ti sīlavisuddhiyādisammāpaṭipattiyā, tannimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhigamabyattito</span>ti saccapaṭivedhena adhigamaveyyattiyasabbhāvato <span class="bld">sātthaṃ</span> kapilavatādi viya tucchaṃ niratthakaṃ ahutvā atthasampannanti katvā. <span class="bld">Pariyattiyā</span>ti pariyattidhammaparicayena. <span class="bld">Āgamabyattito</span>ti durakkhātadhammesu paricayaṃ karontassa viya sammohaṃ ajanetvā bāhusaccaveyyattiyasabbhāvato <span class="bld">sabyañcanaṃ</span>. Byañjanasampattiyā hi sati āgamabyattīti. <span class="bld">Sīlādipañcadhammakkhandhayuttato</span>ti sīlādīhi pañcahi dhammakoṭṭhāsehi avirahitattā. <span class="bld">Kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ</span> anavasesena samantato puṇṇaṃ pūritaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirupakkilesato</span>ti diṭṭhimānādiupakkilesābhāvato. <span class="bld">Nittharaṇatthāyā</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhato nissaraṇāya. <span class="bld">Lokāmisanirapekkhato</span>ti kathañcipi taṇhāsannissayassa anissayanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V1.0260"></a> ādikalyāṇatādiapadesena satthu purimavesārajjadvayavasena dhammassa svākkhātataṃ vibhāvetvā idāni pacchimavesārajjadvayavasenāpi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atthavipallāsābhāvato vā suṭṭhu akkhātoti svākkhāto’’</span>ti vatvā tamatthaṃ byatirekamukhena vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">vipallāsamāpajjatī</span>ti tesaṃ dhamme ‘‘antarāyikā’’ti vuttadhammānaṃ vipākādīnaṃ antarāyikattābhāvato ekaṃsena apāyūpapattihetutāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">Niyyānikattābhāvato</span>ti atammayatābhāvato, saṃsārato ca niyyānikāti vuttadhammānaṃ ekaccayaññakiriyāpakatipurisantaraññāṇādīnaṃ tato niyyānikattābhāvato viparīto eva hoti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti atthassa vipallāsāpajjanena. <span class="bld">Te</span> aññatitthiyā. <span class="bld">Tathābhāvānatikkamanato</span>ti kammantarāyādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ antarāyikabhāvassa ariyamaggadhammānaṃ niyyānikabhāvassa kadācipi anativattanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbānānurūpāya paṭipattiyā</span>ti adhigantabbassa sabbasaṅkhatavinissaṭassa nibbānassa anurūpāya sabbasaṅkhāranissaraṇūpāyabhūtāya sapubbabhāgāya sammāpaṭipattiyā <a name="M1.0276"></a> akkhātattāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Paṭipadānurūpassā</span>ti sabbadukkhaniyyānikabhūtā ārammaṇakaraṇamattenāpi kilesehi anāmasanīyā yādisī paṭipadā, tadanurūpassa. <span class="bld">Supaññattā</span>ti sīlādikkhandhattayasaṅgahitā sammādiṭṭhiādippabhedā micchādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ pahāyikabhāvena suṭṭhu sammadeva vihitā. <span class="bld">Saṃsandati</span> kilesamalavisuddhitāya <span class="bld">sameti</span>. Evaṃ magganibbānānaṃ paṭipadāpaṭipajjanīyabhāvehi aññamaññānurūpatāya svākkhātataṃ dassetvā idāni tividhassāpi lokuttaradhammassa paccekaṃ svākkhātataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ariyamaggo cetthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">antadvaya</span>nti sassatucchedaṃ, kāmasukhaattakilamathānuyogaṃ, līnuddhaccaṃ, patiṭṭhānāyūhananti evaṃ pabhedaṃ antadvayaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupagammā</span>ti anupagantvā, anupagamanahetu vā. <span class="bld">Paṭipassaddhakilesānī</span>ti suṭṭhu vūpasantakilesāni, paṭipassaddhippahānavasena sammadeva pahīnadosāni. <span class="bld">Sassatādisabhāvavasenā</span>ti ‘‘sassatañca vo, bhikkhave, dhammaṃ desessāmi amatañca tāṇañca leṇañcā’’tiādinā tesu tesu suttesu sassatādibhāvakittanavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para148"></a><span class="paranum">148</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Rāgādīnaṃ abhāvaṃ karontena ariyapuggalena sāmaṃ daṭṭhabbo’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘ariyamaggena mama rāgādayo pahīnā’’ti sayaṃ attanā anaññaneyyena daṭṭhabboti sandiṭṭhi, sandiṭṭhi eva <span class="bld">sandiṭṭhiko</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena</span> <a name="V1.0261"></a> <span class="bld">tena</span> ariyasāvakena <span class="bld">parasaddhāya</span> parassa saddahanena paraneyyena <span class="bld">gantabbataṃ hitvā</span> ñāpetabbataṃ pahāya <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇañāṇena</span> karaṇabhūtena. <span class="bld">Pasatthā diṭṭhi sandiṭṭhi</span> yathā sambojjhaṅgo. Ariyamaggo attanā sampayuttāya sandiṭṭhiyā kilese jayati, ariyaphalaṃ tāya eva attano kāraṇabhūtāya, nibbānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇena attano visayībhūtāya sandiṭṭhiyā kilese jayatīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvanābhisamayavasena</span> maggadhammo. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena</span> nibbānadhammo. Phalampi heṭṭhimaṃ sakadāgāmivipassanādīnaṃ paccayabhāvena upari maggādhigamassa upanissayabhāvato pariyāyato <span class="bld">‘‘dissamāno vaṭṭabhayaṃ nivattetī’’</span>ti vattabbataṃ labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Nāssa</span> <a name="M1.0277"></a> <span class="bld">kālo</span>ti nāssa āgametabbo kālo atthi. Yathā hi lokiyakusalassa ‘‘upapajje, aparapariyāye’’tiādinā phaladānaṃ pati āgametabbo kālo atthi, na evametassāti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na pañcāhā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pakaṭṭho</span>ti dūro. Phaladānaṃ pati kālo pakaṭṭho assāti <span class="bld">kāliko,</span> kālantaraphaladāyī. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano phaladāne’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Patto</span>ti upanīto. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘akāliko’’ti padaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Vidhi</span>nti vidhānaṃ, ‘‘ehi passā’’ti evaṃpavattavidhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vijjamānattā</span>ti paramatthato upalabbhamānattā. <span class="bld">Parisuddhattā</span>ti kilesamalavirahena sabbathā visuddhattā. Amanuññampi kadāci payojanavasena yathāsabhāvappakāsanena dassetabbaṃ bhaveyyāti tadabhāvaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘manuññabhāvappakāsanenā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para151"></a><span class="paranum">151</span>. Upanetabboti upaneyyo, upaneyyova opaneyyikoti imassa atthassa adhippetattā āha <span class="bld">‘‘upanetabboti opaneyyiko’’</span>ti. Citte upanayanaṃ uppādananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idaṃ saṅkhate lokuttaradhamme yujjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Citte upanayana</span>nti pana ārammaṇabhūtassa dhammassa ārammaṇabhāvūpanayane adhippete asaṅkhatepi yujjeyya ‘‘ārammaṇakaraṇasaṅkhātaṃ <span class="bld">upanayanaṃ arahatīti opaneyyiko’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Allīyana</span>nti phusanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nibbānaṃ upaneti</span> ariyapuggalanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. <span class="bld">Viññūhī</span>ti <a name="V1.0262"></a> vidūhi, paṭividdhasaccehīti attho. Te pana ekaṃsato ugghaṭitaññūādayo hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ugghaṭitaññūādīhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paccatta’’</span>nti etassa ‘‘pati attanī’’ti bhummavasena attho gahetabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attani attanī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Veditabbo</span>ti vuttaṃ, kathaṃ veditabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvito me’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘me’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘paccatta’’nti padena vuttamatthaṃ anvayato dassetvā puna byatirekena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ suviññeyyameva. <span class="bld">‘‘Viññūhī’’</span>ti idaṃ antogadhāvadhāraṇanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bālānaṃ pana avisayo cesā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ādikalyāṇatādinā aññamaññassa anurūpadesanāya dhammassa svākkhātataṃ dassetvā idāni purimassa purimassa pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ padaṃ kāraṇavacananti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sandiṭṭhikattā</span>ti yasmā <a name="M1.0278"></a> ayaṃ dhammo vuttanayena sāmaṃ daṭṭhabbo, sandiṭṭhiyā kilese viddhaṃseti, sandassanañca arahati, tasmā <span class="bld">svākkhāto</span> durakkhāte titthiyadhamme tadabhāvato. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi yathārahaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153"></a><span class="paranum">153</span>. <span class="bld">Tasseva</span>ntiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ buddhānussatiyaṃ vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Saṅghānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para154"></a><span class="paranum">154</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyasaṅghaguṇā</span>ti ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye ca iriyanato, sadevakena ca lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti araṇīyato ariyo ca so saṅgho ca, ariyānaṃ vā saṅgho ariyasaṅgho, tassa guṇā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para155"></a><span class="paranum">155</span>. Yaṃ sammāpaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno ‘‘suṭṭhu paṭipanno’’ti vuccati. Sā ariyamaggapaṭipadā paṭipakkhadhamme anivattidhamme katvā pajahanato payojanābhāvā sayampi anivattidhammā, adhigantabbassa ca nibbānassa ekaṃsato anulomīti. Tato eva apaccanīkā, anudhammabhūtā ca, tassā <span class="bld">ca</span> paṭipannattā ariyasaṅgho ‘‘suppaṭipanno’’ti vuttoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu paṭipanno’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘anivattipaṭipada’’</span>nti iminā ujuppaṭipattiṃ dasseti. Punappunaṃ nivattane hi sati ujuppaṭipatti na hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Anulomapaṭipadaṃ apaccanīkapaṭipada’’</span>nti <a name="V1.0263"></a> iminā ñāyappaṭipattiṃ. Paṭipajjitabbassa hi nibbānassa anulomanena, apaccanīkatāya cassā ñāyato. <span class="bld">‘‘Dhammānudhammapaṭipada’’</span>nti iminā sāmīcippaṭipattiṃ anucchavikabhāvadīpanato. Etena paṭhamapadassa papañcaniddeso, itarāni tīṇi padānīti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjanena kiccasiddhito ariyabhāvāvahaṃ savanaṃ sakkaccasavanaṃ nāmāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sakkaccaṃ suṇantīti sāvakā’’</span>ti, tena ariyā eva nippariyāyato satthu sāvakā nāmāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sīladiṭṭhisāmaññatāyā</span>ti ariyena sīlena, ariyāya ca diṭṭhiyā samānabhāvena. Ariyānañhi sīladiṭṭhiyo majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇaṃ viya ninnānākaraṇaṃ maggenāgatattā. Tena <a name="M1.0279"></a> te yattha katthaci ṭhitāpi saṃhatāva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṅghātabhāvamāpanno’’</span>ti. Māyāsāṭheyyādipāpadhammasamucchedena <span class="bld">uju</span>. Tato eva gomuttavaṅkābhāvena <span class="bld">avaṅkā</span>. Candalekhāvaṅkābhāvena <span class="bld">akuṭilā</span>. Naṅgalakoṭivaṅkābhāvena <span class="bld">ajimhā</span>. Avaṅkādibhāvena vā <span class="bld">uju</span>. Parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">ariyā</span>. Apaṇṇakabhāvena ñāyati kamati nibbānaṃ, taṃ vā ñāyati paṭivijjhīyati etenāti <span class="bld">ñāyo</span>. Vaṭṭadukkhaniyyānāya <span class="bld">anucchavikattā</span>. Anurūpattā <span class="bld">sāmīci</span> opāyikātipi <span class="bld">saṅkhaṃ</span> samaññaṃ <span class="bld">gatā</span> sammāpaṭipatti, tāya samaṅgitāya <span class="bld">suppaṭipannā</span> ‘‘sammā paṭipajjantī’’ti katvā. Vattamānattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">paṭipanna</span>-saddo yathā ‘‘sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno’’ti (pu. pa. 206). <span class="bld">Atītaṃ paṭipada</span>nti yathāvuttamaggasammāpaṭipattiṃ vadati. Ubhayena ca sāmaññaniddesena, ‘‘suppaṭipannā ca suppaṭipannā ca suppaṭipannā’’ti ekasesanayena vā gahitānaṃ samūho ‘‘suppaṭipanno’’ti vuttoti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ādipadatthaniddesabhāvena itarapadānaṃ atthaṃ vatvā idāni catunnampi padānaṃ avomissakaṃ atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yathānusiṭṭha</span>nti satthārā yathā anusiṭṭhaṃ, tathā anusāsanīanurūpanti attho. <span class="bld">Apaṇṇakapaṭipada</span>nti avirajjhanakapaṭipadaṃ, anavajjapaṭipattinti attho. Ettha ca svākkhāte dhammavinaye apaṇṇakapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannattāti evaṃ sambandhitabbaṃ. Purimapadena sambandhe dutiyapadaṃ na vattabbaṃ siyā, nanu ca dutiyapadena sambandhepi paṭhamaṃ padaṃ na vattabbaṃ siyāti? Na tassa paṭhamaṃ apekkhitattā. Sā pana sāvakānaṃ apaṇṇakapaṭipadā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipadāti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipannattā’’ti vattabbaṃ<a name="V1.0264"></a>. Ubhayassāpi vā suppaṭipannabhāvasādhanattā ubhayaṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā hi pi-saddena ubhayaṃ samuccinoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesajimhavasena antadvayagāhoti sabbaso taṃ pahāya sammāpaṭipadā kāyādivaṅkappahāyinī ujuppaṭipatti hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘majjhimāya paṭipadāya…pe… ujuppaṭipanno’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ñāyo nāma yuttappattapaṭipatti, nibbānañca, sabbasaṅkhārasamathatāya ādittaṃ celaṃ, sīsaṃ vā ajjhupekkhitvāpi paṭipajjitabbamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāyo vuccati nibbāna’’</span>nti. Nibbāyanakiriyāmukhena cettha nibbānaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ<a name="M1.0280"></a>, maggañāṇādīhi vā ñāyati paṭivijjhīyati sacchikarīyati cāti <span class="bld">ñāyo nibbāna</span>nti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Guṇasambhāvanāya parehi kayiramānaṃ paccupaṭṭhānādisāmīcikammaṃ arahantīti <span class="bld">sāmīcikammārahā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. <span class="bld">Yadida</span>nti antogadhaliṅgavacanabhedo nipātoti tassa vacanabhedena atthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘yā imānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti pakāratthe nipāto, iminā pakārenāti attho. Tena itarāni tīṇi yugaḷāni dassitāni hontīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ cattāri purisayugaḷāni hontī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ ‘‘purisapuggalā’’ti bahuvacanavasena vuttaṃ padaṃ. Purisā ca te puggalā ca <span class="bld">purisapuggalā</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘purisā’’</span>ti iminā paṭhamāya pakatiyā gahaṇaṃ, <span class="bld">‘‘puggalā’’</span>ti pana dutiyāyapi sattasāmaññenāti evaṃ vā ettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ</span> kīdisānaṃ? Ānetvā hunitabbānanti adhikārato pākaṭoyamattho. <span class="bld">Dātabba</span>nti vā paccattavacanaṃ ‘‘catunnaṃ paccayāna’’nti padaṃ apekkhitvā sāmivasena pariṇāmetabbaṃ, aññathā yesaṃ kesañci catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ ‘‘āhuna’’nti samaññā siyā. Āhunaṃ arahatīti vā <span class="bld">āhuneyyo. Sakkādīnampi vā āhavana</span>nti sakkādīhipi diyyamānaṃ dānaṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha hutaṃ mahapphala</span>nti yasmiṃ āvahanīyaggimhi hutaṃ dadhiādi āhuneyyaggigahapataggidakkhiṇeyyaggīsu hutato uḷāraphalanti <span class="bld">tesaṃ</span> brāhmaṇānaṃ <span class="bld">laddhi. Huta</span>nti dinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Nikāyantare</span>ti sabbatthikavādinikāye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhapetvā</span> 165 <span class="bld">te</span>ti te piyamanāpe ñātimitte apanetvā, tesaṃ adatvāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Esa</span> eso. <span class="bld">Ekabuddhantare ca dissatī</span>ti ekasmiṃ buddhantare vītivatte dissati. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddena kadāci asaṅkhyeyyepi kappe vītivatteti dasseti. <span class="bld">Abbokiṇṇa</span>nti paṭipakkhehi avomissaṃ, kiriyāvisesakañcetaṃ. <span class="bld">Piyamanāpattakaradhammā</span> nāma sīlādayo, te ariyasaṅghe suppatiṭṭhitā. Ayaṃ hettha adhippāyo – ñātimittā vippayuttā na cirasseva samāgacchanti, anavaṭṭhitā ca tesu piyamanāpatā, na evamariyasaṅgho. Tasmā saṅghova <span class="bld">pāhuneyyo</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pubbakāra</span>nti aggakiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbappakārenā</span>ti ādaragāravabahumānādinā, deyyadhammassa sakkaccakaraṇādinā <a name="M1.0281"></a> ca sabbena pakārena. Svāyaṃ <span class="bld">pāhavanīya</span>-saddo ‘‘pāhuneyyo’’ti vuccati pariyāyabhāvena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dakkhanti etāya sattā yathādhippetāhi sampattīhi vaḍḍhantīti <span class="bld">dakkhiṇā</span>. Tathābhāvakaraṇena <span class="bld">dakkhiṇaṃ arahati</span>. Yathā uḷārātivipuludrayalābhena visodhitaṃ nāma hoti, evaṃ dakkhiṇā vipulaphalatāyāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahapphalakaraṇatāya visodhetī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puññatthikehi añjali karaṇīyā etthāti <span class="bld">añjalikaraṇīyo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadipi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘anuttara’’nti vuttaṃ. Natthi ito uttaraṃ visiṭṭhanti hi <span class="bld">anuttaraṃ</span>. Samampissa pana natthīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘asadisa’’</span>nti āha. Khittaṃ vuttaṃ bījaṃ mahapphalabhāvakaraṇena tāyati rakkhati, khipanti vapanti ettha bījānīti vā khettaṃ, kedārādi, khettaṃ viya khettaṃ, puññānaṃ khettaṃ <span class="bld">puññakkhettaṃ</span>. Sesaṃ buddhānussatiyaṃ vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sīlānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. Aho vata sīlāni akhaṇḍāni, aho vata acchiddānīti evaṃ sabbattha yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti ca sambhāvane nipāto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘akhaṇḍatādiguṇavasenā’’</span>ti. Akhaṇḍabhāvādisampattivasenāti attho. Parassa sīlāni anussariyamānāni piyamanāpabhāvāvahanena kevalaṃ mettāya padaṭṭhānaṃ honti, na visuṃ kammaṭṭhānanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attano sīlāni anussaritabbānī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cāgā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yesa</span>nti <a name="V1.0266"></a> sīlādīnaṃ. Paṭipāṭiyā samādāne samādānakkamena, ekajjhaṃ samādāne uddesakkamena sīlānaṃ ādiantaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyante chinnasāṭako viyā</span>ti vatthante, dasante vā chinnavatthaṃ viya, visadisūdāharaṇaṃ cetaṃ. Evaṃ sesānipi udāharaṇāni. Vinivedhavasena chinnasāṭako <span class="bld">vinividdhasāṭako</span>. Visabhāgavaṇṇena gāvī viyāti sambandho. Sabalarahitāni vā <span class="bld">asabalāni</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">akammāsāni</span>. Sattavidhamethunasaṃyogo heṭṭhā sīlakathāyaṃ vutto eva. <span class="bld">Kodhūpanāhādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena makkhapaḷāsaissāmacchariyamāyāsāṭheyyamānātimānādayo gahitā. <span class="bld">Tāniyeva</span> akhaṇḍādiguṇāni sīlāni. Sīlassa <span class="bld">taṇhādāsabyato</span> <a name="M1.0282"></a> mocanaṃ vivaṭṭūpanissayabhāvāpādanaṃ. Tato eva taṃsamaṅgīpuggalo serī sayaṃvasī bhujisso nāma hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘bhujissabhāvakaraṇena bhujissānī’’</span>ti. ‘‘Imināhaṃ sīlena devo vā bhaveyyaṃ devaññataro vā, tattha nicco dhuvo sassato’’ti, ‘‘sīlena suddhī’’ti ca evamādinā <span class="bld">taṇhādiṭṭhīhi</span> aparāmaṭṭhattā <span class="bld">ayaṃ te sīlesu doso</span>ti catūsu vipattīsu yāya kāyaci vipattiyā dassanena <span class="bld">parāmaṭṭhuṃ</span> anuddhaṃsetuṃ. Samādhisaṃvattanappayojanāni <span class="bld">samādhisaṃvattanikāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para159"></a><span class="paranum">159</span>. <span class="bld">Sikkhāya sagāravo</span>ti sīladhanaṃ nissāya paṭiladdhasamādānattā sātisayaṃ sikkhāya sagāravo sappatisso hoti. <span class="bld">Sabhāgavuttī</span>ti sampannasīlehi sabhāgavuttiko, tāya eva vā sikkhāya sabhāgavutti. Yo hi sikkhāgāravarahito, so tāya visabhāgavutti nāma hoti vilomanato. Yathā parehi saddhiṃ attano chiddaṃ na hoti, evaṃ dhammāmisehi paṭisantharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisanthāro</span>. Sikkhāya sagāravattā eva tattha <span class="bld">appamatto</span> hoti. Attānuvādabhayaṃ parānuvādabhayaṃ daṇḍabhayaṃ duggatibhayanti evamādīni bhayāni imassa dūrasamussāritānīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘attānuvādādibhayavirahito’’</span>ti. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cāgānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span>ti sabhāvena. <span class="bld">Cāgādhimuttenā</span>ti deyyadhammapariccāge yuttappayuttena tanninnena tappoṇena. Niccaṃ sadā pavattā dānasaṃvibhāgā yassa so <span class="bld">niccapavattadānasaṃvibhāgo,</span> tena. Idhāpi ‘‘pakatiyā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Yaṃ parassa paṭiyattaṃ diyyati, taṃ <span class="bld">dānaṃ</span>. Yaṃ attanā paribhuñjitabbato saṃvibhajati, so <span class="bld">saṃvibhāgo. Ito dāni pabhutī</span>ti ito paṭṭhāya dāni ajjatagge ajjadivasaṃ ādiṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Adatvā na bhuñjissāmīti</span> dāna<span class="bld">samādānaṃ</span> katvā<a name="V1.0267"></a>. <span class="bld">Taṃdivasa</span>nti tasmiṃ bhāvanārambhadivase. Tattha <span class="bld">nimittaṃ gaṇhitvā</span>ti tasmiṃ dāne pariccāgacetanāya pavattiākārassa sallakkhaṇavasena nimittaṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Vigatamalamaccheratādiguṇavasenā</span>ti vigatāni malamaccherāni etasmāti vigatamalamacchero, cāgo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vigatamalamaccheratā</span>. Tadādīnaṃ guṇānaṃ, sampattīnaṃ, ānisaṃsānaṃ vā vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sataṃ</span> <a name="M1.0283"></a> <span class="bld">dhammaṃ anukkama</span>nti sādhūnaṃ bodhisattānaṃ dhammaṃ paveṇiṃ anu anu kamanto okkamanto, avokkamanto vā. Ye ime <span class="bld">dāyakassa lābhā</span> āyuvaṇṇasukhabalapaṭibhānādayo, piyabhāvādayo ca bhagavatā <span class="bld">saṃvaṇṇitā</span> pakittitā. <span class="bld">Manussattaṃ vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappattho, tena indriyapāṭavabhāvakammassakatāñāṇādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maccheramalenā</span>ti maccherasaṅkhātena malena. Atha vā maccherañca malañca maccheramalaṃ, tena maccherena ceva lobhādimalena cāti attho. <span class="bld">Pajāyanavasenā</span>ti yathāsakaṃ kammanibbattanavasena. <span class="bld">Kaṇhadhammāna</span>nti lobhādiekantakāḷakānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vigatattā</span>ti pahīnattā. <span class="bld">Vigatamalamaccherena cetasā</span>ti itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sotāpannassa sato</span>ti gehaṃ āvasantassa sotāpannassa samānassa. <span class="bld">Nissayavihāra</span>nti nissāya viharitabbavihāraṃ, devasikaṃ vaḷañjanakakammaṭṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Abhibhavitvā</span>ti agāraṃ āvasantānaṃ aññesaṃ uppajjanakarāgādiupakkilese abhibhuyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo kiñci dentopi sāpekkhova deti, so muttacāgo na hoti, ayaṃ pana na evanti <span class="bld">‘‘muttacāgo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vissaṭṭhacāgo</span>ti nirapekkhapariccāgoti attho. Yathā pāṇātipātabahulo puggalo ‘‘lohitapāṇī’’ti vuccati, evaṃ dānabahulo puggalo ‘‘payatapāṇī’’ti vuttoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘dātuṃ sadā dhotahatthoyevā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">sadā</span>ti niccaṃ, abhiṇhanti attho. <span class="bld">Pariccāgo</span>ti deyyadhammapariccāgoti adhikārato viññāyati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ</span> deyyadhammaṃ <span class="bld">pare</span> yācanakā. Yācane yogo <span class="bld">yācanayogo,</span> parehi yācituṃ yuttoti attho. <span class="bld">Yājena yutto</span>ti dānena yutto sadā pariccajanato. <span class="bld">Ubhaye</span>ti yathāvutte dāne, saṃvibhāge ca <span class="bld">rato</span> abhirato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. Yathā parisuddhasīlassa puggalassa akhaṇḍatādiguṇavasena attano sīlassa anussarantassa sīlānussatibhāvanā ijjhati, evaṃ parisuddhauḷārapariccāgassa puggalassa anupakkiliṭṭhameva <a name="V1.0268"></a> attano pariccāgaṃ anussarantassa bhāvanā ijjhatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vigatamalamaccheratādiguṇavasenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, taṃ vuttatthameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhiyyoso</span>ti <a name="M1.0284"></a> uparipi. <span class="bld">Mattāya</span> pamāṇassa mahatiyā mattāya, vipulena pamāṇenāti attho. <span class="bld">Cāgādhimutto</span>ti pariccāge adhimutto ninnapoṇapabbhāro. Tato eva <span class="bld">alobhajjhāsayo</span> katthacipi anabhisaṅgacitto. Paṭiggāhakesu mettāyanavasena pariccāgo hotīti <span class="bld">mettāya</span> mettābhāvanāya <span class="bld">anulomakārī</span> anurūpapaṭipatti. <span class="bld">Visārado</span>ti visado attanova guṇena katthacipi amaṅkubhūto abhibhuyya vihārī. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Devatānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para162"></a><span class="paranum">162</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyamaggavasenā</span>ti ariyamaggassa adhigamavasena. <span class="bld">Samudāgatehī</span>ti sammadeva taduppattito uddhaṃ āgatehi. Yādisā hi ariyānaṃ santāne lokiyāpi saddhādayo, na tādisā kadācipi pothujjanikā saddhādayo. Dibbantīti <span class="bld">devā</span>. Cattāro mahārājāno etesanti catumahārājā, te eva <span class="bld">cātumahārājikā</span>. Tettiṃsa sahapuññakārino tatthūpapannāti taṃsahacaritaṃ ṭhānaṃ tāvatiṃsaṃ, tannivāsinopi devā taṃsahacaraṇato eva <span class="bld">tāvatiṃsā</span>. Dukkhato yātā apayātāti <span class="bld">yāmā</span>. Tusāya pītiyā itā upagatāti <span class="bld">tusitā</span>. Bhogānaṃ nimmāne rati etesanti <span class="bld">nimmānaratino</span>. Paranimmitesu bhogesu vasaṃ vattentīti <span class="bld">paranimmitavasavattino</span>. Brahmānaṃ kāyo samūho brahmakāyo, tappariyāpannatāya tattha bhavāti <span class="bld">brahmakāyikā. Tatuttarī</span>ti tato brahmakāyikehi uttari, upari parittābhādike sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā</span>ti ‘‘yathārūpāya maggenāgatāya <span class="bld">saddhāya samannāgatā, sīlena sutena cāgena paññāya samannāgatā ito cutā tattha upapannā tā devatā,</span> mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā sīlaṃ sutaṃ cāgo paññā ca saṃvijjatī’’ti devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā sakkhiṃ otārentena viya <span class="bld">attano saddhādiguṇā anussaritabbā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ <span class="bld">sutte</span> (a. ni. 6.10) ubhayaguṇānussaraṇaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ kathanti anuyogaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘sutte panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">kiñcāpi vutta</span>nti ‘‘attano ca, tāsañca devatāna’’nti ubhayaṃ samadhuraṃ viya <span class="bld">sutte</span> (a. ni. 6.10) kiñcāpi vuttaṃ. Atha <a name="M1.0285"></a> kho <span class="bld">taṃ</span> ‘‘devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañcā’’tiādivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetabba</span>nti ‘‘vutta’’nti parato padaṃ <a name="V1.0269"></a> ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Kimatthaṃ pana sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘devatānaṃ attano saddhādīhi samānaguṇadīpanatthanti veditabba’’</span>nti. Kasmā pana sutte yathārutavasena atthaṃ aggahetvā evaṃ attho gayhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhakathāyañhī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ devatā sakkhiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā attano guṇānussaraṇaṃ daḷhaṃ katvā vuttaṃ, sīlacāgānussatīsu viya idhāpi attano guṇānussaraṇaṃ jhānuppattinimittaṃ yuttaṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge</span> bhāvanārambhe. <span class="bld">Aparabhāge</span>ti yathā bhāventassa upacārajjhānaṃ ijjhati, tathā bhāvanākāle. Yadi attano eva idha guṇā anussaritabbā, kathamayaṃ devatānussatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘devatānaṃ guṇasadisasaddhādiguṇānussaraṇavasenā’’</span>ti. Tena sadisakappanāya ayaṃ bhāvanā ‘‘devatānussatī’’ti vuttā, na devatānaṃ, tāsaṃ guṇānaṃ vā anussaraṇenāti dasseti. Pubbabhāge vā pavattaṃ devatāguṇānussaraṇaṃ upādāya ‘‘devatānussatī’’ti imissā samaññā veditabbā. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘pubbabhāge devatā ārabbha pavattacittavasenā’’ti. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para164"></a><span class="paranum">164</span>. <span class="bld">Etāsa</span>nti etāsaṃ buddhānussatiādīnaṃ channaṃ anussatīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Vitthāradesanāya</span>nti vitthāravasena pavattadesanāyaṃ, <span class="bld">mahānāmasuttaṃ</span> (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11) sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Bhagavātiādīnaṃ attha</span>nti bhagavātiādīnaṃ padānaṃ atthaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthaveda</span>nti vā hetuphalaṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ tuṭṭhimāha. <span class="bld">Dhammaveda</span>nti hetuṃ paṭicca uppannaṃ tuṭṭhiṃ. ‘‘Ārakattā araha’’nti anussarantassa hi yaṃ taṃ bhagavato kilesehi ārakattaṃ, so hetu. Ñāpako cettha hetu adhippeto, na kārako, sampāpako vā. Yonena ñāyamāno arahattattho, taṃ phalaṃ. Iminā nayena sesapadesupi hetuphalavibhāgo veditabbo. Dhammānussatiādīsupi ‘‘ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇattā’’tiādinā, ‘‘yasmā pana sā sammāpaṭipadā’’tiādinā ca tattha tattha hetuapadeso katoyevāti. <span class="bld">Dhammūpasaṃhita</span>nti yathāvuttahetuhetuphalasaṅkhātaguṇūpasaṃhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Guṇe</span>ti attano guṇe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Ariyasāvakānaññeva</span> <a name="M1.0286"></a> <span class="bld">ijjhantī</span>ti ariyasāvakānaṃ ijjhantiyevāti uttarapadāvadhāraṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, avadhāraṇañca tesaṃ sukhasiddhidassanatthaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tesaṃ hī’’</span>tiādi. Na puthujjanānaṃ sabbena sabbaṃ ijjhantīti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘evaṃ santepī’’tiādi. Yadi evaṃ<a name="V1.0270"></a>, kasmā <span class="bld">mahānāmasuttā</span>dīsu (a. ni. 6.10; 11.11) bahūsu suttesu ariyasāvakaggahaṇaṃ katanti? Tesaṃ bahulavihāratāyāti ācariyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhanta</span>nti niggataṃ nissaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Mutta</span>nti vissaṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Vuṭṭhita</span>nti apetaṃ. Sabbametaṃ vikkhambhanameva sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Gedhamhā</span>ti palibodhato. <span class="bld">Idampī</span>ti buddhānussativasena laddhaṃ upacārajjhānamāha. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ karitvā</span>ti paccayaṃ katvā, pādakaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Visujjhantī</span>ti paramatthavisuddhiṃ pāpuṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambādhe</span>ti taṇhāsaṃkilesādinā sampīḷe saṃkaṭe gharāvāse. <span class="bld">Okāsādhigamo</span> lokuttaradhammassa adhigamāya adhigantabbaokāso. Anussatiyo eva <span class="bld">anussatiṭṭhānāni. Visuddhidhammā</span>ti visujjhanasabhāvā, visujjhituṃ vā bhabbā. <span class="bld">Paramatthavisuddhidhammatāyā</span>ti paramatthavisuddhiyā nibbānassa bhabbabhāvena. <span class="bld">Upakkamenā</span>ti payogena. <span class="bld">Pariyodapanā</span>ti visodhanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para166"></a><span class="paranum">166</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ santepīti</span> evaṃ <span class="bld">mahānāmasuttā</span>dīsu anekesu suttesu ariyasāvakasseva vasena chasu anussatīsu desitāsupi. <span class="bld">Yassānubhāvenā</span>ti yassa cittappasādassa balena. <span class="bld">Pītiṃ paṭilabhitvā</span>ti anussavavasena buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ uppādetvā.</p>
<p class="centered">Chaanussatiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti sattamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">8. Anussatikammaṭṭhānaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Maraṇassatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. <span class="bld">Ito</span>ti <a name="M1.0287"></a><a name="V1.0271"></a> devatānussatiyā. Sā hi chasu anussatīsu sabbapacchā niddiṭṭhattā āsannā, paccakkhā ca. <span class="bld">Anantarāyā</span>ti tadanantaraṃ uddiṭṭhattā vuttaṃ. Maraṇassa sati maraṇassatīti maraṇaṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha maraṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Kāmañcettha khandhānaṃ bhedo ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ dvīhi khandhehi saṅgahita’’nti (dhātu. 71) vacanato cutikhandhānaṃ vināso maraṇanti vattabbaṃ, visesato pana taṃ jīvitindriyassa vināsabhāvena kammaṭṭhānikānaṃ paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘jīvitindriyassa upacchedo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">niddese</span> ‘‘kaḷevarassa nikkhepo jīvitindriyassupacchedo’’ti (vibha. 236; dī. ni. 2.390; ma. ni. 1.92, 123). Tattha <span class="bld">ekabhavapariyāpannassā</span>ti ekena bhavena paricchinnassa. <span class="bld">Jīvitindriyassa upacchedo</span>ti jīvitindriyappabandhassa vicchedo āyukkhayādivasena antaradhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samucchedamaraṇa</span>nti arahato santānassa sabbaso ucchedabhūtaṃ maraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇabhaṅgasaṅkhāta</span>nti saṅkhatadhammānaṃ udayavayaparicchinnassa pavattikhaṇassa bhaṅgo nirodhoti saṅkhaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Khaṇikamaraṇa</span>nti yathāvuttakhaṇavantaṃ tasmiṃyeva khaṇe labbhamānaṃ maraṇaṃ. Yaṃ khandhappabandhaṃ upādāya rukkhādisamaññā, tasmiṃ anupacchinnepi allatādivigamanaṃ nissāya matavohāro <span class="bld">sammutimaraṇaṃ. Na taṃ idha adhippeta</span>nti taṃ samucchedakhaṇikasammutimaraṇaṃ idha maraṇānussatiyaṃ nādhippetaṃ abāhullato, anupaṭṭhahanato, asaṃvegavatthuto cāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhippetaṃ</span> satiyā ārammaṇabhāvena. Āyuādīnaṃ khayakāle maraṇaṃ <span class="bld">kālamaraṇaṃ</span>. Tesaṃ aparikkhīṇakāle maraṇaṃ <span class="bld">akālamaraṇaṃ. ‘‘Kālamaraṇaṃ puññakkhayenā’’</span>ti idaṃ yathādhikāraṃ sampattibhavavasena vuttaṃ, vipattibhavavasena pana ‘‘pāpakkhayenā’’ti vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyusantānajanakapaccayasampattiyā</span>ti <a name="V1.0272"></a> āyuppabandhassa pavattāpanakānaṃ āhārādipaccayānaṃ sampattiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipakkavipākattā</span>ti attano phalānurūpaṃ dātabbavipākassa dinnattā. <span class="bld">Gatikālāhārādisampattiyā</span> <span class="bld">abhāvenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0288"></a> devānaṃ viya gatisampattiyā, paṭhamakappiyānaṃ viya kālasampattiyā, uttarakurukādīnaṃ viya āhārasampattiyā ca abhāvena. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena utusukkasoṇitādiṃ pariggayhati. <span class="bld">Ajjatanakālapurisānaṃ viyā</span>ti <span class="bld">viya</span>-saddo aṭṭhāne paṭṭhapito, ajjatanakālapurisānaṃ vassasatamattaparimāṇassa viya āyuno khayavasenāti yojanā. Evaṃ hi anāgatepi paramāyuno saṅgaho kato hoti, atīte pana gatisampattiyā viya kālāhārādisampattiyā bhāvena anekavassasahassa parimāṇopi āyu ahosi. Ayañca vibhāgo vattamānassa antarakappassa vasena vuttoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kalāburājādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nandayakkhanandamāṇavakādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Taṃ sabbampī</span>ti yaṃ ‘‘kālamaraṇaṃ akālamaraṇaṃ, tatthāpi puññakkhayamaraṇaṃ āyukkhayamaraṇaṃ ubhayakkhayamaraṇaṃ upakkamamaraṇa’’nti vuttappabhedaṃ maraṇaṃ, taṃ sabbampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. <span class="bld">Yoniso</span>ti upāyena. <span class="bld">Manasikāro</span>ti maraṇārammaṇo manasikāro. Yena pana upāyena manasikāro pavattetabbo, taṃ byatirekamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayoniso pavattayato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ayoniso pavattayato</span>ti anupāyena satiṃ, saṃvegaṃ, ñāṇañca anupaṭṭhapetvā maraṇaṃ anussarato. <span class="bld">Tadetaṃ sabbampī</span>ti sokapāmojjānaṃ uppajjanaṃ, saṃvegassa anuppajjanaṃ, santāsassa uppajjanañca yathākkamaṃ <span class="bld">satisaṃvegañāṇaviharato hoti</span>. Yo hi ‘‘maraṇaṃ nāmetaṃ jātassa ekantika’’nti paṇḍitānaṃ vacanaṃ sarati, tattha saṃvegajāto hoti sampajāno ca, tassa iṭṭhajanamaraṇādinimittaṃ sokādayo anokāsāva. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ayoniso manasikāraṃ pavattayato ete dosā, tasmā. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti araññasusānādīsu. <span class="bld">Hatamatasatte</span>ti corādīhi hate, sarasena mate ca satte. Diṭṭhapubbā sampatti yesaṃ te diṭṭhapubbasampattī, tesaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhapubbasampattīnaṃ. Yojetvā</span>ti upaṭṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Ekaccassā</span>ti tikkhindriyassa ñāṇuttarassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. <span class="bld">Vadhakapaccupaṭṭhānato</span>ti ghātakassa viya pati pati upaṭṭhānato āsannabhāvato. <span class="bld">Sampattivipattito</span>ti ārogyādisampattīnaṃ viya jīvitasampattiyā vipajjanato. <span class="bld">Upasaṃharaṇato</span>ti paresaṃ maraṇaṃ dassetvā attano <a name="M1.0289"></a> maraṇassa upanayanato. <span class="bld">Kāyabahusādhāraṇato</span>ti sarīrassa bahūnaṃ sādhāraṇabhāvato. <span class="bld">Āyudubbalato</span>ti jīvitassa dubbalabhāvato. <span class="bld">Animittato</span>ti maraṇassa vavatthitanimittābhāvato<a name="V1.0273"></a>. <span class="bld">Addhānaparicchedato</span>ti kālassa paricchannabhāvato. <span class="bld">Khaṇaparittato</span>ti jīvitakkhaṇassa ittarabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vadhakapaccupaṭṭhānato</span>ti ettha viya-saddo luttaniddiṭṭhoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘vadhakassa viya paccupaṭṭhānato’’</span>ti vatvā tamevatthaṃ vivaranto <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">cārayamāno</span>ti āgurento paharaṇākāraṃ karonto. <span class="bld">Paccupaṭṭhitova</span> upagantvā ṭhito samīpe eva. <span class="bld">Jarāmaraṇaṃ gahetvāva nibbatta</span>nti ‘‘yathā hi ahicchattakamakuḷaṃ uggacchantaṃ paṃsuvirahitaṃ na hoti, evaṃ sattā nibbattantā jarāmaraṇavirahitā na hontī’’ti ettakena upamā. Ahicchattakamakuḷaṃ kadāci katthaci paṃsuvirahitampi bhaveyya, sattā pana kathañcipi jarāmaraṇavirahitā na hontīti khaṇikamaraṇaṃ tāva upamābhāvena dassetvā idhādhippetaṃ maraṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Atha vā yadime sattā jarāmaraṇaṃ gahetvāva nibbattanti, nibbattisamanantarameva maritabbanti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘tathā hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Avassaṃ maraṇato</span>ti avassaṃ maritabbato, ekantena maraṇasabbhāvato vā. <span class="bld">Pabbateyyā</span>ti pabbatato āgatā. <span class="bld">Hārahārinī</span>ti pavāhe patitassa tiṇapaṇṇādikassa ativiya haraṇasīlā. <span class="bld">Sandatevā</span>ti savati eva. <span class="bld">Vattatevā</span>ti pavāhavasena vattati eva na tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yamekaratti</span>nti yassaṃ ekarattiyaṃ, bhummatthe upayogavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, accantasaṃyoge vā. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti sabbapaṭhamaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Gabbhe</span>ti mātukucchiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Māṇavo</span>ti satto. Yebhuyyena sattā rattiyaṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">ratti</span>ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Abbhuṭṭhitovā</span>ti uṭṭhitaabbho viya, abhimukhabhāvena vā uṭṭhitova maraṇassāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">So yātī</span>ti so māṇavo yāti, paṭhamakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya gacchateva. <span class="bld">Sa gacchaṃ na nivattatī</span>ti so evaṃ gacchanto khaṇamattampi na nivattati, aññadatthu maraṇaṃyeva upagacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kunnadīna</span>nti pabbatato patitānaṃ khuddakanadīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāto āporasānugatabandhanāna</span>nti purimadivase divā sūriyasantāpena anto anupavisitvā puna rattiyaṃ bandhanamūlaṃ upagatena āporasena tintasithilabandhanatāya pāto āporasānugatabandhanānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accayantī</span>ti <a name="M1.0290"></a> atikkamanti. <span class="bld">Uparujjhatī</span>ti nirujjhati. Udakameva <span class="bld">odakaṃ,</span> udakoghaṃ vā<a name="V1.0274"></a>. Yasmā accayanti ahorattā, tasmā jīvitaṃ uparujjhati. Yasmā jīvitaṃ uparujjhati, tasmā <span class="bld">āyu khīyati maccānaṃ. Papatato</span>ti papatanato <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> sāmikānaṃ rukkhe ṭhatvā kamme viniyuñjitukāmānaṃ, heṭṭhā paviṭṭhānaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Uggamanaṃ pati</span> uggamananimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Mā maṃ amma nivāraya</span> pabbajjāyāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Koci mittamukhasatturandhagavesī saha vattamānopi na haneyya, ayaṃ pana ekaṃsena hanatiyevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sahajātiyā āgatato’’</span>ti vatvā <span class="bld">‘‘jīvitaharaṇato cā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para170"></a><span class="paranum">170</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti sampattiṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhī</span>ti dibbasadisehi bhogehi, ādhipateyyena ca sukhasamaṅgī. <span class="bld">Dehabandhenā</span>ti sarīrena. <span class="bld">Asoko</span>ti asokamahārājā. <span class="bld">Sokamāgato</span>ti socitabbataṃ gato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārogyaṃ</span> yobbanānaṃ. Byādhijarāpariyosānatā jīvitassa maraṇapariyosānatāya udāharaṇavasena ānītā, paccayabhāgavasena vā. Lokoyeva <span class="bld">lokasannivāso</span> yathā sattāvāsāti, sannivasitabbatāya vā sattanikāyo <span class="bld">lokasannivāso. Anugato</span>ti anubandho paccatthikena viya. <span class="bld">Anusaṭo</span>ti anupaviṭṭho upavisena viya. <span class="bld">Abhibhūto</span>ti ajjhotthaṭo maddahatthīhi viya. <span class="bld">Abbhāhato</span>ti pahaṭo bhūtehi viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Selā</span>ti silāmayā, na paṃsuādimayā. <span class="bld">Vipulā</span>ti mahantā anekayojanāyāmavitthārā. <span class="bld">Nabhaṃ āhaccā</span>ti vipulattā eva ākāsaṃ abhivihacca sabbadisāsu pharitvā. <span class="bld">Anupariyeyyu</span>nti anuvicareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Nippothentā</span>ti attanā āghātitaṃ cuṇṇavicuṇṇaṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Adhivattantī</span>ti adhibhavanti. Kulena vā rūpena vā sīlena vā sutena vā saddhādīhi vā seṭṭhoti sambhāvanāya <span class="bld">khattiyā</span>dīsu <span class="bld">na kañci parivajjeti</span>. Tehi eva nihīnoti avamaññamānāya <span class="bld">suddā</span>dīsu <span class="bld">na kañci parivajjeti</span>. Aññadatthu <span class="bld">sabbameva abhimaddati</span> nimmathati. Daṇḍādiupāyā ca tattha avisayā evāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘na tattha hatthīnaṃ bhūmī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mantayuddhenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0291"></a> āthabbaṇavedavihitena mantasaṅgāmappayogena. <span class="bld">Dhanenā</span>ti dhanadānena. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo avuttavikappanattho. Tena sāmaṃ, bhedañca saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para171"></a><span class="paranum">171</span>. <span class="bld">Parehi saddhiṃ attano upasaṃharaṇato</span>ti parehi matehi saddhiṃ ‘‘tepi nāma matā, kimaṅgaṃ <a name="V1.0275"></a> pana mādisā’’ti attano maraṇassa upanayanato. <span class="bld">Yasamahattato</span>ti parivāramahattato, vibhavamahattato ca. <span class="bld">Puññamahattato</span>ti mahāpuññabhāvato. <span class="bld">Thāmamahattato</span>ti vīriyabalamahattato. <span class="bld">Yudhiṭṭhilo</span> dhammaputto. <span class="bld">Cānuro</span> yo baladevena nibbuddhaṃ katvā mārito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saha iddhīhī</span>ti vejayantakampananandopanandadamanādīsu diṭṭhānubhāvāhi attano iddhīhi saddhiṃ <span class="bld">maccumukhaṃ paviṭṭho</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kalaṃ nagghanti soḷasi</span>nti soḷasannaṃ pūraṇabhāgaṃ na agghanti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – āyasmato therassa sāriputtassa paññaṃ soḷasabhāge katvā tato ekaṃ bhāgaṃ soḷasadhā gahetvā laddhaṃ ekabhāgasaṅkhātaṃ kalaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ ṭhapetvā aññesaṃ sattānaṃ paññā na agghantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sabbassāpi saṃkilesapakkhassa samugghāto ñāyena āraddhavīriyassa hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ñāṇavīriyabalenā’’</span>ti. Sammādiṭṭhisammāvāyāmesu hi siddhesu aṭṭhaṅgiko ariyamaggo siddhova hotīti. Ekākībhāvena <span class="bld">khaggavisāṇakappā</span>. Paratoghosena vinā sayameva bhūtā paṭividdhākuppāti <span class="bld">sayambhuno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Hatthagatasuvaṇṇavalayānaṃ aññamaññaṃ saṅghaṭṭanaṃ vaṃsakaḷīrassa katthaci asattatāti evamādikaṃ <span class="bld">taṃ taṃ nimittaṃ</span> kāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">āgamma. Vīmaṃsantā</span>ti pavattinivattiyo upaparikkhantā. Mahantānaṃ sīlakkhandhādīnaṃ esanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mahesayo. Ekacariyanivāsenā</span>ti ekacariyanivāsamattena, na sīlādinā. Khaggamigasiṅgasamā upamā yesaṃ, khaggamigasiṅgaṃ vā samūpamā yesaṃ te <span class="bld">khaggasiṅgasamūpamā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tambanakhatuṅganakhatādiasītianubyañjanapaṭimaṇḍitehi suppatiṭṭhitapādatādīhi dvattiṃsāya mahāpurisalakkhaṇehi vicitro acchariyabbhuto rūpakāyo etassāti <span class="bld">asīti…pe… rūpakāyo</span>. Saha vāsanāya sabbesaṃ kilesānaṃ <a name="M1.0292"></a> pahīnattā sabbākāraparisuddhasīlakkhandhādiguṇaratanehi samiddho dhammakāyo etassāti <span class="bld">sabbākāra…pe… dhammakāyo. Ṭhānaso</span>ti taṅkhaṇeyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0276"></a> <span class="bld">mahānubhāvassā</span>ti evaṃ yathāvuttarūpakāyasampattiyā, dhammakāyasampattiyā ca viññāyamānavipulāparimeyyabuddhānubhāvassa, <span class="bld">vasaṃ nāgataṃ</span> anupagamanavasenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maraṇaṃ sāmaññaṃ etassāti maraṇasāmañño, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">maraṇasāmaññatā,</span> tāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para172"></a><span class="paranum">172</span>. <span class="bld">Kimikulāna</span>nti kimisamūhānaṃ, kimijātīnaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Jīyantī</span>ti jaraṃ pāpuṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhante</span>ti vītivatte. <span class="bld">Paṭihitāyā</span>ti paccānugatāya. <span class="bld">So mamassa antarāyo</span>ti sā yathāvuttā na kevalaṃ kālakiriyāva, atha kho mama atidullabhaṃ khaṇaṃ labhitvā ṭhitassa satthusāsanamanasikārassa antarāyo <span class="bld">assa</span> bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Byāpajjeyyā</span>ti vipattiṃ gaccheyya. Satthakena viya aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ kantanakā maraṇakāle sandhibandhanacchedanakavātā <span class="bld">satthakavātā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para173"></a><span class="paranum">173</span>. <span class="bld">Abala</span>nti balahīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Dubbala</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Abhāvattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">du</span>-saddo ‘‘dussīlo (a. ni. 5.213; a. ni. 10.75) duppañño’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.449) viya. <span class="bld">Tadetaṃ</span> āyu. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsānaṃ</span> samavuttitā aparāparaṃ pavesanikkhamova. <span class="bld">Bahi nikkhantanāsikavāte anto apavisante, paviṭṭhe vā anikkhamante</span>ti ekasseva pavesanikkhamo viya vuttaṃ, taṃ nāsikavātabhāvasāmaññenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimattatāya</span> accāsannaadhiṭṭhānādinā. Tadabhāvo hi iriyāpathānaṃ samavuttitā. <span class="bld">Atisītena</span> abhibhūtassa kāyassa vipajjanaṃ mahiṃsaraṭṭhādīsu himapātakālena dīpetabbaṃ. Tattha hi sattā sītena bhinnasarīrā jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Atiuṇhena</span> abhibhūtassa vipajjanaṃ marukantāre uṇhābhitattāya pacchiṃ, tattha ṭhapitaṃ upari sāṭakaṃ, puttañca akkamitvā matāya itthiyā dīpetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtānaṃ</span> samavuttitā pakopābhāvo<a name="M1.0293"></a>. <span class="bld">Pathavīdhātu</span>ādīnaṃ pakopena sarīrassa vikārāpatti parato <span class="bld">dhātukammaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ</span> āgamissati. <span class="bld">Yuttakāle</span>ti bhuñjituṃ yuttakāle khuddābhibhūtakāle.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para174"></a><span class="paranum">174</span>. <span class="bld">Avavatthānato</span>ti kālādivasena vavatthānābhāvato. <span class="bld">Vavatthāna</span>nti cettha paricchedo adhippeto, na asaṅkarato vavatthānaṃ, nicchayo cāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paricchedābhāvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na nāyare</span>ti na ñāyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ito</span> <a name="V1.0277"></a> <span class="bld">para</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">para</span>nti paraṃ aññaṃ kālanti attho. Tena orakālassāpi saṅgaho siddho hoti. Paramāyuto orakālaṃ eva cettha ‘‘para’’nti adhippetaṃ. Tato paraṃ sattānaṃ jīvanassa abhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘vavatthānābhāvato’’</span>ti vattuṃ na sakkāti. <span class="bld">Abbudapesī</span>tiādīsu ‘‘abbudakāle pesikāle’’tiādinā <span class="bld">kāla</span>-saddo paccekaṃ yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Kālo</span>ti idha pubbaṇhādivelā adhippetā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbaṇhepi hī’’</span>tiādi. Idheva dehena patitabbanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Anekappakārato</span>ti nagare jātānaṃ gāme, gāme jātānaṃ nagare, vane jātānaṃ janapade, janapade jātānaṃ vanetiādinā anekappakārato. <span class="bld">Ito cutenā</span>ti ito gatito cutena. <span class="bld">Idha</span> imissaṃ gatiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Yantayuttagoṇo viyā</span>ti yathā yante yuttagoṇo yantaṃ nātivattati, evaṃ <span class="bld">loko</span> gatipañcakanti ettakena upamā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para175"></a><span class="paranum">175</span>. <span class="bld">Appaṃ vā bhiyyo</span>ti vassasatato upari ‘‘dasa vā vassāni, vīsati vā’’tiādinā dutiyaṃ vassasataṃ apāpuṇanto appakaṃ vā jīvatīti attho. <span class="bld">Gamanīyo</span>ti gandhabbo upapajjanavasena. <span class="bld">Samparāyo</span>ti paraloko.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hīḷeyyā</span>ti paribhaveyya na sambhāveyya. <span class="bld">Na</span>nti āyuṃ. <span class="bld">Suporiso</span>ti sādhupuriso paññavā. <span class="bld">Careyyā</span>ti sucaritaṃ careyya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādittasīsovā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="unindented"><span class="bld">Sattahi upamāhī</span>ti –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, tiṇagge ussāvabindu sūriye uggacchante khippaṃyeva paṭivigacchati, na ciraṭṭhitikaṃ hoti. Udake udakapubbuḷaṃ. Udake <a name="M1.0294"></a> daṇḍarāji. Nadī pabbateyyā dūraṅgamā sīghasotā hārahārinī. Balavā puriso jivhagge kheḷapiṇḍaṃ saṃyūhitvā akasireneva vameyya. Divasaṃ santatte ayokaṭāhe maṃsapesi pakkhittā khippaṃyeva paṭivigacchati, na ciraṭṭhitikā hoti. Gāvī vajjhā āghātanaṃ nīyamānā yaṃ yadeva pādaṃ uddharati, santikeva hoti vadhassa, santikeva maraṇassa, evamevaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, govajjhūpamaṃ jīvitaṃ manussānaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ bahudukkhaṃ bahupāyāsaṃ mantāyaṃ boddhabbaṃ, kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ, caritabbaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, natthi jātassa amaraṇa’’nti (a. ni. 7.74) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evamāgatāhi <a name="V1.0278"></a> imāhi sattahi upamāhi <span class="bld">alaṅkataṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rattindiva</span>nti ekaṃ rattindivaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhagavato sāsana</span>nti ariyamaggapaṭivedhāvahaṃ satthu ovādaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahuṃ vata me kataṃ assā</span>ti bahuṃ vata mayā attahitaṃ pabbajitakiccaṃ kataṃ bhaveyya. <span class="bld">Tadantara</span>nti taṃ khaṇaṃ tattakaṃ velaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ piṇḍapāta</span>nti ekaṃ divasaṃ yāpanappahonakaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ. <span class="bld">Dandha</span>nti mandaṃ cirāya. <span class="bld">Avissāsiyo</span> avissāsanīyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176"></a><span class="paranum">176</span>. Citte dharanteyeva sattānaṃ jīvitavohāro, cittassa ca atiittaro khaṇo lahuparivattibhāvato. Yathāha bhagavā ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekadhammampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ lahuparivattaṃ, yathayidaṃ citta’’nti (a. ni. 1.48; kathā. 335). Tasmā sattānaṃ jīvitaṃ ekacittakkhaṇikattā lahusaṃ ittaranti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘paramatthato’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘paramatthato’’</span>ti iminā yāyaṃ ‘‘yo ciraṃ jīvati, so vassasata’’ntiādinā sattānaṃ (dī. ni. 2.7; saṃ. ni. 1.145; a. ni. 7.74) jīvitappavatti vuttā, sā pabandhavisayattā vohāravasenāti taṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">‘‘Atiparitto’’</span>ti iminā –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, cattāro daḷhadhammā dhanuggahā susikkhitā katahatthā katūpāsanā catuddisā ṭhitā assu, atha puriso āgaccheyya ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ…pe… katūpāsanānaṃ catuddisā kaṇḍe khitte appatiṭṭhite pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āharissāmī’ti. Yathā <a name="M1.0295"></a> ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, tato sīghataro. Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, yathā ca yā devatā candimasūriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo, tato sīghataraṃ āyusaṅkhārā khīyantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.228) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ vuttaṃ parittampi paṭikkhipati. Tatra hi gamanassādānaṃ devaputtānaṃ heṭṭhupariyena paṭimukhaṃ dhāvantānaṃ sirasi, pāde ca baddhakhuradhārāsannipātatopi parittako rūpajīvitindriyassa so khaṇo vutto, cittassa pana ativiya parittataro, yassa upamāpi natthi. Tenevāha ‘‘yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā, yāva lahuparivattaṃ citta’’nti (a. ni. 1.48). <span class="bld">Jīvitakkhaṇo</span>ti jīvanakkhaṇo. <span class="bld">Ekacittappavattimattoyeva</span> ekassa cittassa pavattimatteneva <a name="V1.0279"></a> sattānaṃ paramatthato jīvanakkhaṇassa paricchinnattā. Idāni tamatthaṃ upamāya pakāsento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pavattamāna</span>nti pavattantaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekacittakkhaṇika</span>nti ekacittakkhaṇamattavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ citte niruddhamatte</span>ti yena vattamānacittakkhaṇena ‘‘jīvatī’’ti vuccati, tasmiṃ citte nirodhaṃ bhaṅgaṃ pattamatte taṃsamaṅgī <span class="bld">satto niruddho</span> matoti <span class="bld">vuccati</span>. Vuttamevatthaṃ pāḷiyā vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tena tīsupi kālesu sattānaṃ paramatthato jīvanaṃ nāma cittakkhaṇavasenevāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvita</span>nti jīvitindriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhadukkhā</span>ti sukhadukkhavedanā. Upekkhāpi hi sukhadukkhāsu eva antogadhā iṭṭhāniṭṭhabhāvato. <span class="bld">Attabhāvo</span>ti jīvitavedanāviññāṇāni ṭhapetvā avasiṭṭhadhammā vuttā. <span class="bld">Kevalā</span>ti attanā, niccabhāvena vā avomissā. <span class="bld">Ekacittasamāyuttā</span>ti ekekena cittena sahitā. <span class="bld">Lahuso vattati khaṇo</span>ti vuttanayena ekacittakkhaṇikatāya lahuko atiittaro jīvitādīnaṃ khaṇo vattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye niruddhā marantassā</span>ti cavantassa sattassa cutito uddhaṃ ‘‘niruddhā’’ti vattabbā ye khandhā. <span class="bld">Tiṭṭhamānassa vā idhā</span>ti ye vā idha pavattiyaṃ tiṭṭhantassa dharantassa bhaṅgappattiyā niruddhā khandhā. <span class="bld">Sabbepi sadisā</span> te sabbepi ekasadisā. Kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Gatā appaṭisandhikā</span> puna āgantvā paṭisandhānābhāvena vigatā. Yathā <a name="M1.0296"></a> hi cutikhandhā na nivattanti, evaṃ tato pubbepi khandhā, tasmā ekacittakkhaṇikaṃ sattānaṃ jīvitanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anibbattena na jāto</span>ti anuppannena cittena jāto na hoti ajāto nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Paccuppannena</span> vattamānena cittena <span class="bld">jīvati</span> jīvamāno nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Cittabhaṅgā mato loko</span>ti cuticittassa viya sabbassapi tassa tassa cittassa bhaṅgappattiyā ayaṃ loko paramatthato mato nāma hoti niruddhassa appaṭisandhikattā. Evaṃ santepi <span class="bld">paññatti paramatthiyā</span> yā taṃ taṃ dharantaṃ cittaṃ upādāya ‘‘tisso jīvati, phusso jīvatī’’ti vacanappavattiyā visayabhūtā santānapaññatti, sā ettha <span class="bld">paramatthiyā</span> paramatthabhūtā. Tathā hi vadanti ‘‘nāmagottaṃ na jīratī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.76).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. <span class="bld">Aññataraññatarena</span> ākārena. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti kammaṭṭhānārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Āsevanaṃ labhatī</span>ti bhāvanāsevanaṃ <a name="V1.0280"></a> labhati, bahiddhā vikkhepaṃ pahāya ekattavasena maraṇārammaṇameva hotīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘maraṇārammaṇā sati santiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. Sabhāvadhammānaṃ bhedo sabhāvadhammagatiko evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvadhammattā pana ārammaṇassā’’</span>ti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.20). <span class="bld">Saṃvejanīyattā</span>ti saṃvegajananato mahābhūtesu mahāvikāratā viya gayhamānā maraṇaṃ anussariyamānaṃ uparūpari ubbegameva āvahatīti tattha na bhāvanācittaṃ appetuṃ sakkoti. Yadi sabhāvadhammattā appanaṃ na pāpuṇāti, lokuttarajjhānaṃ ekaccāni arūpajjhānāni ca kathanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘lokuttarajjhānaṃ panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Visuddhibhāvanānukkamavasenā</span>ti heṭṭhimavisuddhiyā ānubhāvena adhigatātisayāya paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhibhāvanāya, sabbasaṅkhārehi nibbindanavirajjanādivisaṃyogādhimuttiappanāya ca paṭipakkhabhūtānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ vigamoti evaṃbhūtassa visuddhibhāvanānukkamassa vasena lokuttarajjhānaṃ appanāppattameva hoti. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇasamatikkamanamattaṃ tattha hotī</span>ti aññesaṃ sabhāvadhammārammaṇakammaṭṭhānānaṃ viya cittassa samādhāne byāpāro natthi. Yathāsamāhitena pana cittena ārammaṇasamatikkamanamattameva bhāvanāya kātabbaṃ, tasmā sabhāvadhammepi āruppajjhānaṃ appetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satataṃ</span> <a name="M1.0297"></a> <span class="bld">appamatto hoti</span> saṃvegabahulattā, tato evassa sabbabhavesu anabhiratisaññāpaṭilābho. <span class="bld">Jīvitanikantiṃ jahāti</span> maraṇassa avassaṃbhāvitādassanato. <span class="bld">Pāpagarahī hoti</span> aniccasaññāpaṭilābhato, tato eva asannidhibahulatā, vigatamalamaccheratā ca. <span class="bld">Tadanusārenā</span>ti aniccasaññāparicayānusārena. <span class="bld">Abhāvitamaraṇā</span>ti abhāvitamaraṇānussaraṇā. <span class="bld">Abhayo asammūḷho kālaṃ karoti</span> pageva maraṇasaññāya sūpaṭṭhitattā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Kāyagatāsatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para178"></a><span class="paranum">178</span>. Buddhā uppajjanti etthāti <span class="bld">buddhuppādo,</span> buddhānaṃ uppajjanakālo, tasmā. <span class="bld">Aññatra</span> taṃ ṭhapetvā, aññasmiṃ kāleti attho. Na pavattapubbanti <span class="bld">apavattapubbaṃ</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">sabbatitthiyānaṃ avisayabhūtaṃ</span>. Nanu ca <span class="bld">sunettasatthārādayo</span> (a. ni. 6.54; 7.66, 73), aññe ca tāpasaparibbājakā sarīraṃ ‘‘asubha’’nti jāniṃsu. Tathā hi <span class="bld">sumedhatāpasena</span> sarīraṃ jigucchantena vuttaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yannūnimaṃ <a name="V1.0281"></a> pūtikāyaṃ, nānākuṇapapūritaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gaccheyyaṃ, anapekkho anatthiko’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.8) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ādi. Kāmaṃ bodhisattā, aññe ca tāpasādayo sarīraṃ ‘‘asubha’’nti jānanti, kammaṭṭhānabhāvena pana na jānanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aññatra buddhuppādā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Saṃvegāya saṃvattati</span> yāthāvato kāyasabhāvappavedanato. <span class="bld">Atthāyā</span>ti diṭṭhadhammikādiatthāya. <span class="bld">Yogakkhemāyā</span>ti catūhi yogehi khemabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññāyā</span>ti sabbattha satiavippavāsāya ca sattaṭṭhāniyasampajaññāya ca. <span class="bld">Ñāṇadassanapaṭilābhāyā</span>ti vipassanāñāṇādhigamāya. <span class="bld">Vijjāvimuttiphalasacchikiriyāyā</span>ti tisso vijjā, cittassa adhimutti nibbānaṃ, cattāri sāmaññaphalānīti etesaṃ paccakkhakaraṇāya. Amatassa nibbānassa adhigamahetutāya, amatasadisātappakasukhasahitatāya ca kāyagatāsati <span class="bld">‘‘amata’’</span>nti vuttā. <span class="bld">Paribhuñjantī</span>ti jhānasamāpajjanena vaḷañjanti. <span class="bld">Parihīna</span>nti jinaṃ. <span class="bld">Viraddha</span>nti anadhigamena virajjhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Āraddha</span>nti sādhitaṃ nipphāditaṃ. Anekehi ākārehi tesu tesu suttantesu pasaṃsitvā yaṃ taṃ kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhānaṃ niddiṭṭhanti sambandho<a name="M1.0298"></a>. Kattha pana niddiṭṭhanti? <span class="bld">Kāyagatāsatisutte</span> (ma. ni. 3.153 ādayo). Tattha hi ‘‘kathaṃ bhāvitā ca bhikkhave’’tiādinā ayaṃ desanā āgatā. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – bhikkhave, kena pakārena kāyagatāsatibhāvanā bhāvitā, kena ca pakārena punappunaṃ katā ānāpānajjhānādīnaṃ nipphattiyā mahapphalā, tesaṃ tesaṃ vijjābhāgiyānaṃ, abhiññāsacchikaraṇīyānañca dhammānaṃ, aratiratisahanatādīnañca saṃsiddhiyā mahānisaṃsā ca hotīti? <span class="bld">Ānāpānapabba</span>nti ānāpānakammaṭṭhānāvadhi. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhātumanasikārakammaṭṭhānena yadipi upacārasamādhi ijjhati, sammasanavāro pana tattha sātisayoti dhātumanasikārapabbampi <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanāvasena vutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayampi kho kāyo evaṃdhammo evaṃbhāvī evaṃanatīto’’ti (dī. ni. 2.379; ma. ni. 1.112) tattha tattha asubhāniccatādīhi saddhiṃ kāye ādīnavassa vibhāvanavasena desanāya āgatattā <span class="bld">‘‘navasivathika…pe… vuttānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettha uddhumātakādīsū</span>ti etesu sivathikapabbesu āgatauddhumātakādīsu. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassativasenā</span>ti ānāpānassatibhāvanāvasena. Yo upari ‘‘karīsaṃ matthaluṅga’’nti matthaluṅgakoṭṭhāso gayhati, taṃ idha <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. 3.154) aṭṭhimiñjeneva saṅgaṇhitvā desanā āgatāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘matthaluṅgaṃ aṭṭhimiñjena saṅgahetvā’’</span>ti āha<a name="V1.0282"></a>. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ anussatiniddese. Kāyaṃ gatā, kāye vā gatā sati <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatī</span>ti satisīsena idaṃ dvattiṃsākārakammaṭṭhānaṃ adhippetanti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para179"></a><span class="paranum">179</span>. <span class="bld">Catumahābhūtika</span>nti catumahābhūtasannissayaṃ. <span class="bld">Pūtikāya</span>nti pūtibhūtaṃ paramaduggandhakāyaṃ. Ṭhānagamanāvatthaṃ sarīraṃ sandhāya, tassa vā avayavesu sabbaheṭṭhimaṃ pādatalanti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddhaṃ pādatalā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tiriyaṃ tacaparicchinna</span>nti ettha nanu kesalomanakhānaṃ, tacassa ca atacaparicchinnatā atthīti? Kiñcāpi atthi, tacaparicchinnabahulatāya pana kāyassa tacaparicchinnatā hotīti evaṃ vuttaṃ. Taco pariyanto assāti tacapariyantoti etena pana vacanena kāyekadesabhūto taco gahito eva, tappaṭibaddhā ca kesādayo tadanupaviṭṭhamūlā tacapariyantāva hontīti <a name="M1.0299"></a> dvattiṃsākārasamūho sabbopi kāyo tacapariyanto vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atthī</span>ti vacanavipallāsena vuttaṃ, nipātapadaṃ vā etaṃ. Tasmā tīsupi saṅkhāsu tadevassa rūpaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘saṃvijjantī’’</span>ti. Akkharacintakehi sarīre kāya-saddaṃ vaṇṇantehipi asucisamudāyabhāveneva icchitabboti dassento ‘‘asucisañcayato’’ti vatvā puna naṃ niruttinayena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kucchitāna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āyabhūtato</span>ti uppattiṭṭhānabhūtattā. <span class="bld">‘‘Pūraṃ nānappakārassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ke pana te pakārā? Yehi nānappakāraṃ asuci vutta’’nti te kesādike dassetuṃ pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘kesā lomā’’tiādi vuttanti imamatthaṃ dīpento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ete kesādayo dvattiṃsākārā’’</span>ti. Ākārā pakārāti hi eko atthoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sambandho</span>ti ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye nakhā’’tiādinā sabbakoṭṭhāsesu ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye’’ti padattayena sambandho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parito</span>ti tiriyaṃ, samantato vā pādatalakesamūlesu ca tacassa labbhanato. <span class="bld">Sucibhāva</span>nti sucino sabbhāvaṃ, sucimeva vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para180"></a><span class="paranum">180</span>. Yena vidhinā uggahe kusalo hoti, so sattavidho vidhi <span class="bld">‘‘uggahakosalla’’</span>nti vuccati, tannibbattaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasikārakosalle</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sajjhāyantā vā</span>ti sajjhāyaṃ karontā eva. Tesaṃ kira cattāro māse sajjhāyantānaṃ sajjhāyamaggeneva <a name="V1.0283"></a> koṭṭhāse upadhārentānaṃ paṭipāṭiyā dvattiṃsākārā vibhūtatarā hutvā khāyiṃsu, paṭikkūlasaññā saṇṭhāsi, te tasmiṃ nimitte jhānaṃ appetvā jhānapādakaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dassanamaggaṃ paṭivijjhiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sajjhāyantā va sotāpannā ahesu’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paricchinditvā</span>ti tacapañcakādivaseneva paricchedaṃ katvā. Pathavīdhātubahulabhāvato matthaluṅgassa karīsāvasāne tantiāropanamāha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">maṃsaṃ, nhāru, aṭṭhi, aṭṭhimiñjaṃ vakkaṃ, vakkaṃ aṭṭhimiñjaṃ, aṭṭhi, nhāru, maṃsaṃ, taco, dantā, nakhā, lomā, kesā</span>ti evaṃ vakkapañcakādīsu anulomasajjhāyaṃ vatvā paṭilomasajjhāyo purimehi sambandho vutto. Svāyaṃ <span class="bld">sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0300"></a> (vibha. aṭṭha. 356) visuṃ tipañcāhaṃ, purimehi ekato tipañcāhanti chapañcāhaṃ sajjhāyo vutto, tattha ādiantadassanavasena vuttoti daṭṭhabbo. Anulomapaṭilomasajjhāyepi hi paṭilomasajjhāyo antimo hoti, sajjhāyappakārantaraṃ vā etampīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hatthasaṅkhalikā</span>ti aṅgulipantimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Manasā sajjhāyo</span>ti cittena cintanamāha, yaṃ mānasaṃ ‘‘jappana’’nti vuccati, sammadeva ajjhāyoti vā sajjhāyo, cintananti attho. Cirataraṃ suṭṭhu pavattanena paguṇabhūtā kammaṭṭhānatanti samāvajjitvā manasi karontassa ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā katthaci asajjamānā nirantarameva upaṭṭhāti, tadanusārena tadatthopi vibhūtataro hutvā khāyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vacasā sajjhāyo hi…pe… paṭivedhassa paccayo hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhassā</span>ti asubhalakkhaṇapaṭivedhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭikkūlasabhāvasallakkhaṇassa kassaci vaṇṇaggahaṇamukhena koṭṭhāsā vavatthānaṃ gacchanti, kassaci saṇṭhānaggahaṇamukhena, kassaci disāvibhāgaggahaṇamukhena, kassaci patiṭṭhitokāsaggahaṇamukhena, kassaci sabbaso paricchijjaggahaṇamukhenāti vaṇṇādito sallakkhaṇaṃ uggahakosallāvahaṃ vuttanti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kesādīnaṃ vaṇṇo vavatthapetabbo’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano bhāgo sabhāgo, sabhāgena paricchedo <span class="bld">sabhāgaparicchedo,</span> heṭṭhuparitiriyapariyantehi, sakoṭṭhāsikakesantarādīhi <a name="V1.0284"></a> ca paricchedoti attho. <span class="bld">Amissakatāvasenā</span>ti koṭṭhāsantarehi avomissakatāvasena. Asabhāgo hi idha <span class="bld">‘‘visabhāgo’’</span>ti adhippeto, na viruddhasabhāgo. Svāyamattho kesādisaddato eva labbhati. Saddantaratthāpohanavasena saddo atthaṃ vadatīti ‘‘kesā’’ti vutte ‘‘akesā na hontī’’ti ayamattho viññāyati. Ke pana te akesā? Lomādayo, na ca ghaṭādīsu pasaṅgopakaraṇeneva tesaṃ nivattitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭikkūlavaseneva kathitaṃ</span> dhātuvibhāgassa sāmaññatopi agahitattā. Tattheva visuṃ dhātukammaṭṭhānassa kathitattā ca dhātuvibhaṅgo <span class="bld">pakkusātisuttaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0301"></a> (ma. ni. 3.342) vibhaṅgappakaraṇe <span class="bld">dhātuvibhaṅgapāḷi</span> (vibha. 172 ādayo) ca. Yassa vaṇṇato upaṭṭhāti kesādi, <span class="bld">taṃ</span> puggalaṃ <span class="bld">sandhāya jhānāni</span> kesādīsu vaṇṇakasiṇārammaṇāni <span class="bld">vibhattāni</span>. Ñatvā ācikkhitabbanti yadatthaṃ vuttaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha dhātuvasenā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ paṭikkūlamanasikārapabbe. <span class="bld">Kāyagatāsatisutte</span> (ma. ni. 3.153 ādayo) hi paṭikkūlamanasikārapabbaṃ gahetvā idha kāyagatāsatibhāvanā niddisīyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para181"></a><span class="paranum">181</span>. <span class="bld">Na ekantarikāyā</span>ti ekantarikāyapi na manasi kātabbaṃ, pageva dvantarikādināti adhippāyo. Na bhāvanaṃ sampādeti, lakkhaṇapaṭivedhaṃ na pāpuṇāti ekantarikāya manasi karontoti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Okkamanavissajjana</span>nti paṭipajjitabbavissajjetabbe magge. <span class="bld">Pucchitvāva gantabbaṃ hoti</span> gahetabbavissajjetabbaṭṭhānassa asallakkhaṇato. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariyosānaṃ pāpuṇātī</span>ti ādito paṭṭhāya yāva pariyosānā manasikāramattaṃ hotīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Avibhūtaṃ pana hoti</span> paṭikkūlākārassa suṭṭhu asallakkhaṇato. Tato eva <span class="bld">na visesaṃ āvahati</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariyosānaṃ na gacchatī</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā sabbakoṭṭhāse manasi karotoyeva vibhūtā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Te sātisayaṃ pāṭikkūlato manasi karontassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariyosānaṃ gaccheyya, imassa pana ativiya dandhaṃ manasi karoto vibhūtato upaṭṭhānameva natthi, kuto paṭikkūlatāya saṇṭhānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘visesādhigamassa paccayo na hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span> <a name="V1.0285"></a> <span class="bld">puthuttārammaṇe</span>ti ‘‘asuci paṭikkūla’’nti kesādīsu pavattetabbaṃ asubhānupassanaṃ hitvā subhādivasena gayhamānā kesādayopi idha ‘‘bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇamevā’’ti veditabbā. Rūpādayo hi nīlādivasena puthusabhāvatāya puthuttārammaṇaṃ nāma, nānārammaṇanti attho. Asamādhānaṃ <span class="bld">cetaso</span> virūpo khepoti <span class="bld">vikkhepo</span>. So satiṃ sūpaṭṭhitaṃ katvā sakkaccaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karontena <span class="bld">paṭibāhitabbo. Parihāyatī</span>ti hāyati. <span class="bld">Paridhaṃsatī</span>ti vinassati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yā</span> <a name="M1.0302"></a> <span class="bld">ayaṃ kesā lomātiādikā</span> lokasaṅketānugatā. <span class="bld">Paṇṇattī</span>ti aṭṭha dhamme upādāya paṇṇatti. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> kesādipaṇṇattiṃ. <span class="bld">Atikkamitvā</span>ti paṭikkūlabhāvanāya atikkamitvā ugghāṭetvā. Tassā ugghāṭitattā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ koṭṭhāse paṭikkūlato upaṭṭhahante <span class="bld">‘‘paṭikkūla’’nti cittaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ</span>. Idāni tamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tatridaṃ upamāsaṃsandanaṃ – manussā viya yogāvacaro. Udapānaṃ viya koṭṭhāsā. Tālapaṇṇādisaññāṇaṃ viya kesādipaññatti. Tena manussānaṃ udapāne nhānapivanādi viya yogāvacarassa pubbabhāge kesā lomāti paṇṇattivasena manasikāro. Abhiṇhasañcārena manussānaṃ saññāṇena vinā udapāne kiccakaraṇaṃ viya yogāvacarassa manasikārabalena paṇṇattiṃ atikkamitvā paṭikkūlabhāveyeva cittaṃ ṭhapetvā bhāvanānuyogo. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāge…pe… pākaṭo hotī</span>ti ‘‘kesā lomā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.154) bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa kesādipaññattiyā saddhiṃyeva koṭṭhāsānaṃ paṭikkūlabhāvo pubbabhāge pākaṭo hoti. <span class="bld">Athā</span>ti pacchā bhāvanāya vīthipaṭipannakāle. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlabhāveyeva cittaṃ ṭhapetabba</span>nti koṭṭhāsānaṃ paṭikkūlākāreyeva bhāvanācittaṃ pavattetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupubbena muñcanaṃ <span class="bld">anupubbamuñcanaṃ,</span> anupaṭṭhahantassa anupaṭṭhahantassa muñcananti attho. Kathaṃ pana anupaṭṭhānaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ādikammikassā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pariyosānakoṭṭhāsameva āhacca tiṭṭhatī</span>ti idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ tantianusārena ādito kammaṭṭhānamanasikāro pavattatīti katvā vuttaṃ. Tathā hissa manasā sajjhāyo viya manasikāro te te koṭṭhāse āmaṭṭhamatte katvā gacchati, na lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena. Yadā pana ne lakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena suṭṭhu upadhārento manasi karoti, tadā keci upaṭṭhahanti, keci na upaṭṭhahanti. Tattha paṭipajjanavidhiṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘athassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti manasikārakammaṃ <span class="bld">tāva kātabbaṃ</span>. Kīva ciranti? <span class="bld">Yāva dvīsu upaṭṭhitesu,</span> tesampi dvinnaṃ <span class="bld">eko suṭṭhutaraṃ upaṭṭhahati</span> tāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkuṭṭhukkuṭṭhiṭṭhāneyeva</span> <a name="V1.0286"></a> <span class="bld">uṭṭhahitvā</span>ti pubbe viya ekatthakatāya ukkuṭṭhiyā kamena sabbatālesu patitvā uṭṭhahitvā uṭṭhahitvā pariyantatālaṃ<a name="M1.0303"></a>, āditālañca āgantvā tato tato tattha tattheva katāya ukkuṭṭhiyā uṭṭhahitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve bhikkhā</span>ti dvīsu gehesu laddhabhikkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appanāto</span>ti appanākārato dvattiṃsākāre appanā honti. Kiṃ paccekaṃ koṭṭhāsesu hoti udāhu aññathāti vicāraṇāyaṃ āha <span class="bld">‘‘appanākoṭṭhāsato’’</span>ti, koṭṭhāsato koṭṭhāsatoti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kesādīsū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adhicitta</span>nti samathavipassanācittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuyuttenā</span>ti yuttappayuttena, bhāventenāti attho. <span class="bld">Kālenakāla</span>nti kāle kāle. <span class="bld">Samādhinimittaṃ</span> upalakkhitasamādhānākāro samādhi eva. <span class="bld">Manasi kātabba</span>nti citte kātabbaṃ, uppādetabbanti attho. Samādhikāraṇaṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ <span class="bld">samādhinimittaṃ,</span> taṃ āvajjitabbanti attho. <span class="bld">Paggahanimittaupekkhānimittesupi</span> eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ</span> atthīti vacanaseso. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> bhāvanā <span class="bld">cittaṃ kosajjāya saṃvatteyya,</span> etassa saṃvattanassa ṭhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ atthīti attho. <span class="bld">Taṃ</span> vā manasikaraṇa<span class="bld">cittaṃ kosajjāya saṃvatteyya,</span> etassa ṭhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ atthīti attho. <span class="bld">Mudu</span>nti subhāvitabhāvena mudubhūtaṃ, vasībhāvappattanti attho. Muduttā eva <span class="bld">kammaññaṃ</span> kammakkhamaṃ kammayoggaṃ. <span class="bld">Pabhassara</span>nti upakkilesavigamena parisuddhaṃ, pariyodātanti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca pabhaṅgū</span>ti kammaniyabhāvūpagamanena na ca pabhijjanasabhāvaṃ suddhantaṃ viya suvaṇṇaṃ viniyogakkhamaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sammā samādhiyati āsavānaṃ khayāyā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ukkaṃ bandhatī</span>ti mūsaṃ sampādeti. <span class="bld">Ālimpetī</span>ti ādīpeti jāleti. <span class="bld">Tañcā</span>ti taṃ piḷandhanavikatisaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ payojanaṃ <span class="bld">assa</span> suvaṇṇakārassa <span class="bld">anubhoti</span> pahoti sādheti. <span class="bld">Assa</span> vā suvaṇṇassa atthaṃ suvaṇṇakāro <span class="bld">anubhoti</span> pāpuṇāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhiññāya iddhividhādiñāṇena sacchikaraṇīyassa iddhividhapaccanubhavanādikassa <span class="bld">abhiññā sacchikaraṇīyassa</span><a name="V1.0287"></a>. Yassa paccakkhaṃ atthi, so sakkhi. Sakkhino bhabbatā <span class="bld">sakkhibhabbatā,</span> sakkhibhavananti vuttaṃ hoti. Sakkhi ca so <a name="M1.0304"></a> bhabbo cāti vā sakkhibhabbo. Ayañhi iddhividhādīnaṃ bhabbo, tattha ca sakkhīti sakkhibhabbo, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sakkhibhabbatā,</span> taṃ <span class="bld">pāpuṇāti. Sati sati āyatane</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ pubbahetuādike kāraṇe sati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sītibhāva</span>nti nibbānaṃ, kilesadarathavūpasamaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Niggaṇhātī</span>ti uddhaṭaṃ cittaṃ uddhaccapātato rakkhaṇavasena niggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Paggaṇhātī</span>ti līnaṃ cittaṃ kosajjapātato rakkhaṇavasena paggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sampahaṃsetī</span>ti samappavattaṃ cittaṃ tathāpavattiyaṃ paññāya toseti, uttejeti vā. Yadā vā nirassādaṃ cittaṃ bhāvanāya na pakkhandati, tadā jātiādīni <span class="bld">saṃvegavatthūni</span> (a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.418; itivu. aṭṭha. 37) paccavekkhitvā sampahaṃseti samuttejeti. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhatī</span>ti yadā pana cittaṃ alīnaṃ anuddhataṃ sammadeva bhāvanāvīthiṃ otiṇṇaṃ hoti, tadā paggahaniggahasampahaṃsanesu kañci byāpāraṃ akatvā samappavattesu yugesu sārathi viya ajjhupekkhati upekkhakova hoti. <span class="bld">Paṇītādhimuttiko</span>ti paṇīte uttame maggaphale adhimutto ninnapoṇapabbhāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suggahitaṃ katvā</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ uggahakosallasaṅkhātaṃ vidhiṃ suṭṭhu uggahitaṃ pariyāpuṇanādinā supariggahitaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Suṭṭhu vavatthapetvā</span>ti manasikārakosallasaṅkhātaṃ vidhiṃ sammadeva sallakkhaṇavasena upadhāretvā. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti pubbenāparaṃ bhāvanāya visesaṃ. <span class="bld">Punappunaṃ parivattetvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānatantiṃ paguṇabhāvaṃ pāpento bhiyyo bhiyyo vācāya, manasā ca parivattetvā. <span class="bld">Gaṇṭhiṭṭhāna</span>nti yathā rukkhassa dubbinibhedo araññassa vā gahanabhūto padeso ‘‘gaṇṭhiṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati, evaṃ kammaṭṭhānatantiyā atthato dubbinibhedo gahanabhūto ca padeso ‘‘gaṇṭhiṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati. Taṃ paripucchanādiladdhena ñāṇapharasunā <span class="bld">chinditvā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti kammaṭṭhānanimittaṃ, asubhākāro. Edisena payojanena luñcanampi anavajjanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘luñcitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Chinnaṭṭhāne</span>ti muṇḍitaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭatiyeva</span> nissaraṇajjhāsayena olokanato. <span class="bld">Ussadavasenā</span>ti aphalitānaṃ, phalitānaṃ vā bahulatāvasena. <span class="bld">Disvāva nimittaṃ gahetabbaṃ</span> dassanayogyatāya tacapañcakassa, itaresu sutvā ca ñatvā ca nimittaṃ gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Koṭṭhāsavavatthāpanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para182"></a><span class="paranum">182</span>. <span class="bld">Addāriṭṭhakavaṇṇā</span>ti <a name="M1.0305"></a><a name="V1.0288"></a> abhinavāriṭṭhaphalavaṇṇā. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇacūḷikā</span>ti uparikaṇṇasakkhalikāya parabhāgaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiriyaṃ aññamaññena paricchinnā,</span> kathaṃ? <span class="bld">Dve kesā ekato natthī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsayo</span>ti nissayo, paccayoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Asambhinnakāḷakā</span> aññena vaṇṇena asammissakāḷakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. Pattasadisattā nakhā eva <span class="bld">nakhapattāni</span>. Nakhā <span class="bld">tiriyaṃ aññamaññena paricchinnā</span>ti visuṃ vavatthitataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tameva hi atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dve nakhā ekato natthī’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. <span class="bld">Dantapāḷiyā</span>ti dantāvaliyā. <span class="bld">Yānakaupatthambhinī</span>ti sakaṭassa dhuraṭṭhāne upatthambhakadaṇḍo. Dantānaṃ ādhārabhūtā aṭṭhi <span class="bld">hanukaṭṭhi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para187"></a><span class="paranum">187</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅkaḍḍhiyamānā</span>ti sampiṇḍiyamānā. <span class="bld">Kosakārakakoso</span> upalliṇḍupoṭṭalakaṃ, yaṃ ‘‘koseyyaphala’’ntipi vuccati. <span class="bld">Puṭabandhaupāhano</span> sakalapiṭṭhipādacchādanaupāhano. <span class="bld">Ānisadaṃ</span> āsanapadeso. <span class="bld">Tūṇiro</span> sarāvāso. <span class="bld">Galakañcukaṃ</span> kaṇṭhattāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Kīṭakulāvakaṃ</span> kharamukhakuṭi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anulomena paṭilomena cā</span>ti ettha aṃsapadesato paṭṭhāya bāhuno piṭṭhipadesena otaraṇaṃ anulomo, maṇibandhato paṭṭhāya bāhuno purimabhāgena ārohanaṃ paṭilomo. <span class="bld">Teneva nayenā</span>ti dakkhiṇahatthe vuttena nayena anulomena paṭilomena cāti attho. <span class="bld">Sukhumampī</span>ti yathāvuttaoḷārikacammato sukhumaṃ. Antomukhacammādikoṭṭhāsesu vā tacena paricchinnattā yaṃ durupalakkhaṇīyaṃ, taṃ ‘‘sukhuma’’nti vuttaṃ. Tañhi vuttanayena ñāṇena tacaṃ vivaritvā passantassa pākaṭaṃ hoti. Idha chavipi tacagatikā evāti ‘‘taco <span class="bld">upari ākāsena paricchinno’’</span>ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para188"></a><span class="paranum">188</span>. <span class="bld">Nisadapoto</span> <a name="M1.0306"></a><a name="V1.0289"></a> silāputtako. <span class="bld">Uddhanakoṭī</span>ti mattikāpiṇḍena katauddhanassa koṭi. <span class="bld">Tālaguḷapaṭalaṃ</span> nāma pakkatālaphalalasikaṃ tālapaṭṭikādīsu limpitvā sukkhāpetvā uddharitvā gahitapaṭalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhuma</span>nti yathāvuttamaṃsato sukhumaṃ. Paṇhikamaṃsādithūlānaṃ sakalasarīrassa kisānaṃ yebhuyyena maṃsena paṭicchāditattā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tiriyaṃ aññamaññena paricchinna’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. Jālākāro kañcuko <span class="bld">jālakañcuko</span>. Visuṃ vavatthitabhāveneva nhārū <span class="bld">tiriyaṃ aññamaññena paricchinnā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Dantānaṃ visuṃ gahitattā <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā dvattiṃsa dantaṭṭhīnī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ jaṇṇukaṭṭhi, ekaṃ ūruṭṭhī</span>ti <span class="bld">eka</span>-ggahaṇaṃ ‘‘ekekasmiṃ pāde’’ti adhikatattā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ timattānī</span>ti evaṃ mattasaddehi ānisadaṭṭhiādīni idha avuttānipi dassetīti veditabbaṃ. Evañca katvā ‘‘atirekatisataaṭṭhikasamussaya’’nti (visuddhi. 1.122) idañca vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kīḷāgoḷakāni</span> suttena bandhitvā aññamaññaṃ ghaṭṭetvā kīḷanagoḷakāni. <span class="bld">Dhanukadaṇḍo</span> dārakānaṃ kīḷanakakhuddakadhanukaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">jaṅghaṭṭhikassa patiṭṭhitaṭṭhāna</span>nti jaṇṇukaṭṭhimhi pavisitvā ṭhitaṭṭhānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tena</span> ūruṭṭhinā patiṭṭhitaṃ ṭhānaṃ yaṃ <span class="bld">kaṭiṭṭhino,</span> taṃ <span class="bld">aggacchinnamahāpunnāgaphala</span>sadisaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kumbhakārena nipphāditaṃ uddhanaṃ <span class="bld">kumbhakārikauddhanaṃ. Sīsakapaṭṭaveṭhakaṃ</span> veṭhetvā ṭhapitaṃ sīsamayaṃ paṭṭakaṃ. Yena suttaṃ kantanti, tasmiṃ takkamhi vijjhitvā ṭhapitagoḷakā vaṭṭanā nāma, vaṭṭanānaṃ āvaḷi <span class="bld">vaṭṭanāvaḷi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maṇḍalākārena chinnavaṃsakaḷīrakhaṇḍāni <span class="bld">vaṃsakaḷīracakkalakāni. Avalekhanasatthakaṃ</span> ucchutacāvalekhanasatthakaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para192"></a><span class="paranum">192</span>. <span class="bld">Vakkabhāgena paricchinna</span>nti vakkapariyantena bhāgena paricchinnaṃ. Ito paresupi evarūpesu eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0290"></a> <span class="bld">nissāyā</span>ti yaṃ lohitaṃ nissāya, nissayanissayopi ‘‘nissayo’’tveva vuccati. Bhavati hi kāraṇakāraṇepi kāraṇavohāro yathā ‘‘corehi gāmo daḍḍho’’ti. Atha vā yasmiṃ rūpakalāpe hadayavatthu<a name="M1.0307"></a>, tampi lohitagatikameva hutvā tiṭṭhatīti ‘‘yaṃ nissāyā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para194"></a><span class="paranum">194</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍukadhātuka</span>nti paṇḍusabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para195"></a><span class="paranum">195</span>. <span class="bld">Pariyonahanamaṃsa</span>nti paṭicchādakamaṃsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para196"></a><span class="paranum">196</span>. <span class="bld">Udarajivhāmaṃsa</span>nti jivhāsaṇṭhānaṃ udarassa matthakapasse tiṭṭhanakamaṃsaṃ. ‘‘Nīla’’nti vatvā nīlaṃ nāma bahudhātukanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nigguṇḍipupphavaṇṇa’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para197"></a><span class="paranum">197</span>. <span class="bld">Papphāsamaṃsa</span>nti yathāṭhāne eva lambitvā thokaṃ parivattakamaṃsaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirasa</span>nti nihīnarasaṃ. <span class="bld">Niroja</span>nti nippabhaṃ, ojārahitaṃ vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para198"></a><span class="paranum">198</span>. <span class="bld">Obhaggā</span>ti avabhujitvā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Sakkharasudhāvaṇṇa</span>nti marumbehi katasudhāvaṇṇaṃ. ‘‘Setasakkharasudhāvaṇṇa’’ntipi pāṭho, setasakkharavaṇṇaṃ, sudhāvaṇṇañcāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. Antassa ābhujitvā ābhujitvā ṭhitappadesā <span class="bld">antabhogaṭṭhānāni</span>. Tesaṃ bandhanabhūtaṃ antaguṇaṃ nāmāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘antaguṇanti antabhogaṭṭhānesu bandhana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kuddālapharasukammādīni karontānaṃ antabhoge agaḷante ekato ābandhitvā,</span> kiṃ viya? Yantasuttakamiva yantaphalakānīti. Kimiva tattha ṭhitanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pādapuñchana…pe… ṭhita’’</span>nti. Purimañcettha ābandhanassa, dutiyaṃ ṭhānākārassa nidassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. <span class="bld">Asitaṃ</span> nāma bhuttaṃ odanādi. <span class="bld">Pītaṃ</span> nāma pivanavasena ajjhohaṭapānakādi. <span class="bld">Khāyitaṃ</span> nāma saṃkhāditaṃ piṭṭhamūlaphalakhajjādi. <span class="bld">Sāyitaṃ</span> nāma assāditaṃ ambapakkamadhuphāṇitādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti <a name="V1.0291"></a> yasmiṃ udare. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti ca udarameva paccāmasati. Yattha pānabhojanādīni patitvā tiṭṭhatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Suvānavamathu</span> sārameyyavantaṃ. <span class="bld">Viveka</span>nti vibhāgaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhānābhipiṭṭhikaṇṭakamūlānaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0308"></a> <span class="bld">antare</span>ti purimabhāgavasena nābhiyā heṭṭhāpadesassa pacchimabhāgavasena heṭṭhimapiṭṭhikaṇṭakānaṃ vemajjhe. <span class="bld">Veḷunāḷikasadiso</span> padesoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para202"></a><span class="paranum">202</span>. <span class="bld">Samohita</span>nti nicitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. Pūtibhāvaṃ āpannaṃ kukkuṭaṇḍaṃ <span class="bld">pūtikukkuṭaṇḍaṃ. Uddeko</span> pittādīhi vinā kevalo uddhaṅgamavāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. <span class="bld">Ācāmo</span> avassāvanakañjikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Vakkahadayayakanapapphāse temayamāna</span>nti ettha yakanaṃ heṭṭhābhāgapūraṇeneva temeti, itarāni tesaṃ upari thokaṃ thokaṃ paggharaṇenāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. <span class="bld">Utuvikāro</span> uṇhavalāhakādihetuko. Visamacchinno bhisādikalāpo visamaṃ udakaṃ paggharati, evamevaṃ sarīraṃ kesakūpādivivarehi upari, heṭṭhā, tiriyañca sedaṃ visamaṃ paggharatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">visamacchinna</span>-ggahaṇaṃ kataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para208"></a><span class="paranum">208</span>. <span class="bld">Visamāhāra</span>nti tadāpavattamānasarīrāvatthāya asappāyāhāraṃ, atikaṭukaaccuṇhādivisabhāgāhāraṃ vā. <span class="bld">Sammohavinodaniyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 356) pana ‘‘visabhāgāhāra’’ntveva vuttaṃ tadā pavattamānānaṃ dhātūnaṃ visabhāgattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Nhānakāle’’</span>ti idaṃ udakassa upari sinehassa sambhavadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paribbhamantasinehabinduvisaṭasaṇṭhānā</span>ti visaṭaṃ hutvā paribbhamantasinehabindusaṇṭhānā. <span class="bld">Utuvisabhāgo</span> bahiddhāsamuṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Dhātuvisabhāgo</span> antosamuṭṭhāno. <span class="bld">Te padesā</span>ti te hatthatalādipadesā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. <span class="bld">Kiñcī</span>ti <a name="V1.0292"></a> uṇhādirasānaṃ aññataraṃ āhāravatthu. <span class="bld">Nesa</span>nti sattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Hadayaṃ āgilāyatī</span>ti visabhāgāhārādiṃ paṭicca hadayappadeso vivattati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para211"></a><span class="paranum">211</span>. Dadhino <a name="M1.0309"></a> vissandanaaccharaso <span class="bld">dadhimuttaṃ. Gaḷitvā</span>ti sanditvā. <span class="bld">Tālumatthakavivarena otaritvā</span>ti matthakavivarato āgantvā tālumatthakena otaritvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. Telaṃ viya sakaṭassa nābhiakkhasīsānaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhisandhīnaṃ abbhañjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā. Kaṭakaṭāyantī</span>ti ‘‘kaṭa kaṭā’’ti saddaṃ karonti. Anuravadassanaṃ hetaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhantī</span>ti dukkhitāni sañjātadukkhāni honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. Samūlakūlamāsaṃ jhāpetvā chārikaṃ avassāvetvā gahitayūso <span class="bld">māsakhāro</span>. Ucchiṭṭhodakagabbhamalādīnaṃ chaḍḍanaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">candanikā. Ravaṇaghaṭaṃ</span> nāma pakatiyā sammukhameva hoti. Yassa pana āraggamattampi udakassa pavisanamukhaṃ natthi, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘amukhe ravaṇaghaṭe’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Āyūhana</span>nti samīhanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. <span class="bld">Evañhī</span>tiādi yathāvuttāya uggahakosallapaṭipattiyā nigamanaṃ. Idāni yathāvuttaṃ manasikārakosallapaṭipattimpi nigamanavasena gahetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anupubbato’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṇṇattisamatikkamāvasāne</span>ti kesādipaṇṇattisamatikkamavasena pavattāya bhāvanāya avasāne. <span class="bld">Apubbāpariyamivā</span>ti ekajjhamiva. <span class="bld">Kesāti iti</span>-saddo ādiattho, pakārattho vā, evamādinā iminā pakārena vāti attho. <span class="bld">Te dhammā</span>ti vaṇṇādivasena vavatthāpitā paṭikkūlākārato upaṭṭhitā koṭṭhāsadhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bahiddhāpī</span>ti sasantānato bahipi, parasantānakāyepīti attho. <span class="bld">Manasikāraṃ upasaṃharatī</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ paṭikkūlamanasikāraṃ upaneti. Yathā idaṃ, tathā etanti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sabbakoṭṭhāsesu pākaṭībhūtesū</span>ti yathā attano kāye, evaṃ paresampi kāye sabbesu kesādikoṭṭhāsesu paṭikkūlavasena vibhūtabhāvena upaṭṭhitesūti attho. Ayamettha kasiṇesu vaḍḍhanasadiso yogino bhāvanāviseso dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupubbamuñcanādī</span>ti <a name="V1.0293"></a> <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena suttantanayena vibhāvitaṃ vīriyasamatāyojanaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Punappunaṃ manasi karoto</span>ti vuttanayena attano <a name="M1.0310"></a> kāye kesādike ‘‘paṭikkūlā paṭikkūlā’’ti abhiṇhaso manasikāraṃ pavattentassa yadā saddhādīni indriyāni laddhasamathāni visadāni pavattanti, tadā assaddhiyādīnaṃ dūrībhāvena sātisayaṃ balappattehi sattahi saddhammehi laddhūpatthambhāni vitakkādīni jhānaṅgāni paṭutarāni hutvā pātubhavanti. Tesaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāneva honti saddhiṃ tadekaṭṭhehi pāpadhammehi. Upacārasamādhinā cittaṃ samādhiyati, so taṃyeva nimittaṃ āsevanto bhāvento bahulīkaronto appanaṃ pāpuṇāti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anukkamena appanā uppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbākārato</span>ti vaṇṇādivasena pañcadhāpi. <span class="bld">Sā</span>ti appanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi panetaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ aviññāṇakāsubhakammaṭṭhānāni viya paṭhamajjhānavasena sijjhati, atha kasmā ‘‘kāyagatāsatī’’ti vuttanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ paṭhamajjhānavasenā’’</span>tiādi. Nānāvaṇṇasaṇṭhānādīsu dvattiṃsāya koṭṭhāsesu pavattamānāya satiyā kiccamettha sātisayanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘satibalena ijjhanato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pantasenāsanesu, adhikusalesu ca aratiṃ, kāmaguṇesu ca ratiṃ sahati abhibhavatīti <span class="bld">aratiratisaho</span> sarīrasabhāvacintanena anabhiratiyā pahīnattā. Tathā koṭṭhāsabhāvanāya attasinehassa parikkhīṇattā <span class="bld">bhayabheravaṃ sahati,</span> sītādīnañca <span class="bld">adhivāsakajātiko</span> hoti. Attasinehavasena hi purisassa bhayabheravaṃ hoti, dukkhassa ca anadhivāsanaṃ. Imaṃ pana koṭṭhāsabhāvanamanuyuttassa na kevalaṃ paṭhamajjhānamattameva, uttaripi paṭivedho atthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kesādīna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ānāpānassatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. Yaṃ taṃ evaṃ pasaṃsitvā ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ niddiṭṭhanti sambandho. Tattha yasmā <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ bhāvito’’</span>tiādikāya pucchāpāḷiyā atthe vibhāvite thomanāpāḷiyāpi attho vibhāvitoyeva hoti bhedābhāvato, tasmā taṃ laṅghitvā <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ bhāvito cā’’</span>tiādinā ārabhati. Tattha hi ito pasaṃsābhāvo ‘‘ayampi kho’’ti vacanañca viseso. Tesu pasaṃsābhāvaṃ <a name="V1.0294"></a> dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ pasaṃsitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pasaṃsā ca tattha abhirucijananena ussāhanatthā. Tañhi sutvā bhikkhū ‘‘bhagavā imaṃ samādhiṃ anekehi ākārehi pasaṃsati, santo <a name="M1.0311"></a> kirāyaṃ samādhi paṇīto ca asecanako ca sukho ca vihāro pāpadhamme ca ṭhānaso antaradhāpetī’’ti sañjātābhirucayo ussāhajātā sakkaccaṃ anuyuñjitabbaṃ paṭipajjitabbaṃ maññanti. ‘‘Ayampi kho’’ti padassa ye ime mayā nibbānamahāsarassa otaraṇatitthabhūtā kasiṇajjhānaasubhajjhānādayo desitā, na kevalaṃ te eva, ayampi khoti bhagavā attano paccakkhabhūtaṃ samādhiṃ desanānubhāvena tesampi bhikkhūnaṃ āsannaṃ, paccakkhañca karonto sampiṇḍanavasena evamāhāti sambandhamukhena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soḷasavatthuka</span>nti catūsu anupassanāsu catunnaṃ catukkānaṃ vasena soḷasaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbākāraparipūro</span>ti kammaṭṭhānapāḷiyā padattho piṇḍattho upamā codanā parihāro payojananti evamādīhi sabbehi ākārehi paripuṇṇo. <span class="bld">Niddeso</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa nissesato vitthāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">Katha</span>nti idaṃ pucchanākāravibhāvanapadaṃ. Pucchā cettha kathetukamyatāvasena aññāsaṃ asambhavato. Sā ca upari desanaṃ āruḷhānaṃ sabbesaṃ pakāravisesānaṃ āmasanavasenāti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kathanti…pe… kamyatāpucchā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ bahulīkato</span>ti etthāpi ‘‘ānāpānassatisamādhī’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">katha</span>nti ānāpānassatisamādhibahulīkāraṃ nānappakārato vitthāretukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkato ānāpānassatisamādhī</span>ti tathāpuṭṭhadhammanidassananti imamatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā atidisati. Tathā santabhāvādayopi tassa yehi bhāvanābahulīkārehi siddhā, taggahaṇeneva gahitā hontīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ bahulīkato…pe… vūpasametīti etthāpi eseva nayo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Puna ca paraṃ, udāyi, akkhātā mayā sāvakānaṃ paṭipadā, yathāpaṭipannā me sāvakā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhāventī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.247) uppādanavaḍḍhanaṭṭhena bhāvanā vuccatīti tadubhayavasena atthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘bhāvitoti uppādito vaḍḍhito vā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha bhāvaṃ vijjamānataṃ ito gatoti <span class="bld">bhāvito,</span> uppādito paṭiladdhamattoti attho. <span class="bld">Uppanno</span> pana laddhāsevano, <span class="bld">bhāvito</span> paguṇabhāvaṃ āpādito, vaḍḍhitoti attho<a name="M1.0312"></a>. <span class="bld">Ānāpānapariggāhikāyā</span>ti dīgharassādivisesehi saddhiṃ assāsapassāse paricchijjagāhikāya, te ārabbha pavattāya, satiyaṃ <a name="V1.0295"></a> paccayabhūtāyanti attho. Purimasmiñhi atthe samādhissa satiyā sahajātādipaccayabhāvo vutto sampayuttavacanato, dutiyasmiṃ pana upanissayabhāvopi. Upacārajjhānasahagatā hi sati appanāsamādhissa upanissayo hotīti. <span class="bld">Bahulīkato</span>ti bahulaṃ pavattito, tena āvajjanādivasībhāvappattimāha. Yo hi vasībhāvaṃ āpādito, so icchiticchitakkhaṇe samāpajjitabbato punappunaṃ pavattīyati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ kato’’</span>ti. Yathā ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241), ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.226; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123) ca evamādīsu paṭhamapade vutto eva-saddo dutiyādīsupi vutto eva hoti, evamidhāpīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayattha evasaddena niyamo veditabbo’’</span>ti. Ubhayapadaniyamena laddhaguṇaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asubhakammaṭṭhāna</span>nti asubhārammaṇajhānamāha. Taṃ hi asubhesu yogakammabhāvato, yogino sukhavisesānaṃ kāraṇabhāvato ca ‘‘asubhakammaṭṭhāna’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">‘‘Kevala’’</span>nti iminā ārammaṇaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Paṭivedhavasenā</span>ti jhānapaṭivedhavasena. Jhānañhi bhāvanāvisesena ijjhantaṃ attano visayaṃ paṭivijjhantameva pavattati, yathāsabhāvato paṭivijjhīyati cāti ‘‘paṭivedho’’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Oḷārikārammaṇattā</span>ti bībhacchārammaṇattā. <span class="bld">Paṭikkūlārammaṇattā</span>ti jigucchitabbārammaṇattā. <span class="bld">Pariyāyenā</span>ti kāraṇena, lesantarena vā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇasantatāyā</span>ti anukkamena vicetabbataṃ pattaṃ ārammaṇassa paramasukhumataṃ sandhāyāha. Sante hi sannisinne ārammaṇe pavattamāno dhammo sayampi sannisinnova hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘santo vūpasanto nibbuto’’</span>ti, nibbutasabbapariḷāhoti attho. Ārammaṇasantatāya tadārammaṇadhammānaṃ santatā lokuttaradhammārammaṇāhi paccavekkhaṇāhi dīpetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāssa santapaṇītabhāvāvahaṃ kiñci secananti <span class="bld">asecanako</span>. Asecanakattā <span class="bld">anāsittako</span>. Anāsittakattā eva <span class="bld">abbokiṇṇo</span> asammisso parikammādinā. Tato eva <span class="bld">pāṭiyekko</span> visuṃyeveko. <span class="bld">Āveṇiko</span> asādhāraṇo. Sabbametaṃ sarasato eva santabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <a name="M1.0313"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikammaṃ</span> vā santabhāvanimittaṃ, <span class="bld">parikamma</span>nti ca kasiṇakaraṇādīni nimittuppādapariyosānaṃ, tādisaṃ idha natthīti adhippāyo. Tadā hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ nirassādattā asantamappaṇītaṃ siyā. <span class="bld">Upacārena</span> vā natthi ettha santatāti yojanā. Yathā upacārakkhaṇe nīvaraṇavigamena, aṅgapātubhāvena <a name="V1.0296"></a> ca paresaṃ santatā hoti, na evamimassa. Ayaṃ pana ādisamannā…pe… paṇīto cāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Kecī</span>ti uttaravihāravāsike sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Anāsittako</span>ti upasecanena na āsittako. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ojavanto’’</span>ti, ojavantasadisoti attho. <span class="bld">Madhūro</span>ti iṭṭho, cetasikasukhapaṭilābhasaṃvattanaṃ tikacatukkajjhānavasena, upekkhāya vā santabhāvena sukhagatikattā sabbesampi vasena veditabbaṃ. Jhānasamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhasarīratāvasena pana kāyikasukhapaṭilābhasaṃvattanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, tañca kho jhānato vuṭṭhitakāle. Imasmiṃ pakkhe <span class="bld">‘‘appitappitakkhaṇe’’</span>ti idaṃ hetumhi bhummavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Avikkhambhite</span>ti jhānena sakasantānato anīhaṭe appahīne. <span class="bld">Akosallasambhūte</span>ti akosallaṃ vuccati avijjā, tato sambhūte. Avijjāpubbaṅgamā hi sabbe pāpadhammā. <span class="bld">Khaṇenevā</span>ti attano pavattikkhaṇeneva. <span class="bld">Antaradhāpetī</span>ti ettha antaradhāpanaṃ vināsanaṃ, taṃ pana jhānakattukassa idhādhippetattā pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vikkhambhetī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vūpasametī</span>ti visesena upasameti. Visesena upasamanaṃ pana sammadeva upasamanaṃ hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘suṭṭhu upasametī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca aññopi samādhi attano pavattikkhaṇeneva paṭipakkhadhamme antaradhāpeti vūpasameti, atha kasmā ayameva samādhi evaṃ visesetvā vuttoti? Pubbabhāgato paṭṭhāya nānāvitakkavūpasamasabbhāvato. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘ānāpānassati bhāvetabbā vitakkupacchedāyā’’ti (a. ni. 9.1; udā. 31). Apica tikkhapaññassa ñāṇuttarassetaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ, ñāṇuttarassa ca kilesappahānaṃ itarehi sātisayaṃ, yathā saddhādhimuttehi diṭṭhippattassa. Tasmā imaṃ visesaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhānaso antaradhāpeti vūpasametī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Atha vā nimittapātubhāve sati khaṇeneva aṅgapātubhāvasabbhāvato ayameva samādhi ‘‘ṭhānaso antaradhāpeti vūpasametī’’ti vutto. Yathā taṃ mahato akālameghassa uṭṭhitassa dhārānipāte khaṇeneva pathaviyaṃ <a name="M1.0314"></a> rajojallassa vūpasamo. Tenāha – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāakālamegho uṭṭhito’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.985; pārā. 165). Sāsanikassa jhānabhāvanā yebhuyyena nibbedhabhāgiyāva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbedhabhāgiyattā’’</span>ti. Buddhānaṃ pana ekaṃsena nibbedhabhāgiyāva hoti. Imameva hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvetvā sabbepi sammāsambuddhā sammāsambodhiṃ adhigacchanti. Ariyamaggassa pādakabhūto ayaṃ samādhi anukkamena vaḍḍhitvā ariyamaggabhāvaṃ upagato viya hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anupubbena ariyamaggavuddhippatto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="V1.0297"></a> panattho virāganirodhapaṭinissaggānupassanānaṃ vasena sammadeva yujjati. Heṭṭhā papañcavasena vuttamatthaṃ sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ saṅgahetvā dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho’’</span>ti āha, piṇḍatthoti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. <span class="bld">Tamattha</span>nti taṃ ‘‘kathaṃ bhāvito’’tiādinā pucchāvasena saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ. ‘‘Idha tathāgato loke uppajjatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.190; ma. ni. 1.291; a. ni. 3.61) idha-saddo lokaṃ upādāya vutto, ‘‘idheva tiṭṭhamānassā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.369) okāsaṃ, ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhuttāvī assaṃ pavārito’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.30) padapūraṇamattaṃ, ‘‘idha bhikkhu dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇātī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.73) pana sāsanaṃ, ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhū’’ti idhāpi sāsanamevāti dassento ‘‘bhikkhave, imasmiṃ sāsane bhikkhū’’ti vatvā tamatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbappakāraānāpānassatisamādhinibbattakassā</span>ti sabbappakāraggahaṇaṃ soḷasa pakāre sandhāya. Te hi imasmiṃyeva sāsane. Bāhirakā hi jānantā ādito catuppakārameva jānanti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññasāsanassa tathābhāvapaṭisedhano’’</span>ti, yathāvuttassa puggalassa nissayabhāvapaṭisedhanoti attho. Etena <span class="bld">‘‘idha bhikkhave’’</span>ti idaṃ antogadhevasaddanti dasseti. Santi hi ekapadānipi sāvadhāraṇāni yathā ‘‘vāyubhakkho’’ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo’’</span>tiādi. Paripuṇṇasamaṇakaraṇadhammo hi so, yo sabbappakāraānāpānassatisamādhinibbattako. <span class="bld">Parappavādā</span>ti paresaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ nānappakārā vādā titthāyatanāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Araññādikasseva <a name="M1.0315"></a> bhāvanānurūpasenāsanataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imassa hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Duddamo damathaṃ anupagato goṇo <span class="bld">kūṭagoṇo</span>. Yathā thanehi sabbaso khīraṃ na paggharati, evaṃ dohapaṭibandhinī <span class="bld">kūṭadhenu</span>. Rūpasaddādike paṭicca uppajjanako assādo <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇādiraso. Pubbe āciṇṇārammaṇa</span>nti pabbajjato pubbe, anādimati vā saṃsāre paricitārammaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibandheyyā</span>ti bandheyya. <span class="bld">Satiyā</span>ti sammadeva kammaṭṭhānasallakkhaṇasampavattāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇe</span>ti kammaṭṭhānārammaṇe. <span class="bld">Daḷha</span>nti thiraṃ, yathā satokārissa upacārappanābhedo samādhi ijjhati, tathā thāmagataṃ katvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visesādhigamadiṭṭhadhammasukhavihārapadaṭṭhāna</span>nti <a name="V1.0298"></a> sabbesaṃ buddhānaṃ, ekaccānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ, buddhasāvakānañca visesādhigamassa ceva aññakammaṭṭhānena adhigatavisesānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārassa ca padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vatthuvijjācariyo viya bhagavā</span> yogīnaṃ anurūpanivāsaṭṭhānupadisanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhu dīpisadiso</span> araññe ekiko viharitvā paṭipakkhanimmathanena icchitatthasādhanato. <span class="bld">Phalamuttama</span>nti sāmaññaphalamāha. <span class="bld">Parakkamajavayoggabhūmi</span>nti bhāvanussāhajavassa yoggakaraṇabhūmibhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para218"></a><span class="paranum">218</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vuttalakkhaṇesū</span>ti <span class="bld">abhidhammapariyāyena</span> (vibha. 530), <span class="bld">suttantapariyāyena</span> ca vuttalakkhaṇesu. <span class="bld">Rukkhasamīpa</span>nti ‘‘yāvatā majjhanhike kāle samantā chāyā pharati, nivāte paṇṇāni patanti, ettāvatā rukkhamūlanti vuccatī’’ti evaṃ vuttaṃ rukkhassa samīpaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Avasesasattavidhasenāsana</span>nti pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjanti evaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ututtayānukūlaṃ dhātucariyānukūla</span>nti gimhādiututtayassa, semhādidhātuttayassa, mohādicariyattayassa ca anukūlaṃ. Tathā hi gimhakāle ca araññaṃ anukūlaṃ, hemante rukkhamūlaṃ, vassakāle suññāgāraṃ, semhadhātukassa semhapakatikassa araññaṃ, pittadhātukassa rukkhamūlaṃ<a name="M1.0316"></a>, vātadhātukassa suññāgāraṃ anukūlaṃ, mohacaritassa araññaṃ, dosacaritassa rukkhamūlaṃ, rāgacaritassa suññāgāraṃ anukūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Alīnānuddhaccapakkhika</span>nti asaṅkocāvikkhepapakkhikaṃ. Sayanañhi kosajjapakkhikaṃ, ṭhānacaṅkamanāni uddhaccapakkhikāni, na evaṃ nisajjā. Tato evassa santatā. <span class="bld">Nisajjāya daḷhabhāvaṃ</span> pallaṅkābhujanena, <span class="bld">assāsapassāsānaṃ pavattanasukhataṃ</span> uparimakāyassa ujukaṭṭhapanena, <span class="bld">ārammaṇapariggahūpāyaṃ</span> parimukhaṃ satiyā ṭhapanena <span class="bld">dassento. Ūrubaddhāsana</span>nti ūrūnamadhobandhanavasena nisajjā. Heṭṭhimakāyassa anujukaṃ ṭhapanaṃ nisajjā-vacaneneva bodhitanti <span class="bld">‘‘ujuṃ kāya’’</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">kāya</span>-saddo uparimakāyavisayoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘uparimasarīraṃ ujukaṃ ṭhapetvā’’</span>ti. Taṃ pana ujukaṭṭhapanaṃ sarūpato, payojanato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhārasā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na paṇamantī</span>ti na onamanti. <span class="bld">Na paripatatī</span>ti <a name="V1.0299"></a> na vigacchati vīthiṃ na vilaṅghati, tato eva pubbenāparaṃ visesuppattiyā <span class="bld">vuddhiṃ phātiṃ upagacchati</span>. Idha <span class="bld">pari</span>-saddo <span class="bld">abhi</span>-saddena samānatthoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānābhimukha’’</span>nti, bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇato nivāretvā kammaṭṭhānaṃyeva purakkhitvāti attho. <span class="bld">Parīti pariggahaṭṭho</span> ‘‘pariṇāyikā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 16) viya. <span class="bld">Niyyānaṭṭho</span> paṭipakkhato niggamanaṭṭho. Tasmā <span class="bld">pariggahitaniyyāna</span>nti sabbathā gahitāsammosaṃ pariccattasammosaṃ satiṃ katvā, paramaṃ satinepakkaṃ upaṭṭhapetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. <span class="bld">Satovā</span>ti satiyā samannāgato eva saranto eva <span class="bld">assasati</span> nāssa kāci sativirahitā assāsappavatti hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Sato passasatī</span>ti etthāpi satova passasatīti eva-saddo ānetvā vattabbo. <span class="bld">Satokārī</span>ti sato eva hutvā, satiyā eva vā kātabbassa kattā, karaṇasīlo vā. Yadi ‘‘satova assasati sato passasatī’’ti etassa <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (ma. ni. 3.148; saṃ. ni. 5.986; pārā. 165) vuttaṃ, atha kasmā ‘‘assasati passasati’’cceva avatvā ‘‘satokārī’’ti vuttaṃ? Ekarasaṃ desanaṃ kātukāmatāya. Paṭhamacatukke padadvayameva hi vattamānakālavasena āgataṃ, itarāni anāgatakālavasena. Tasmā ekarasaṃ desanaṃ kātukāmatāya <span class="bld">sabbattha</span> (paṭi. ma. 1.165 ādayo) ‘‘satokāri’’cceva vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīghaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0317"></a> <span class="bld">assāsavasenā</span>ti dīghaassāsavasena vibhattialopaṃ katvā niddeso. <span class="bld">Dīgha</span>nti vā bhagavatā vuttaassāsavasena. <span class="bld">Cittassa ekaggataṃ avikkhepa</span>nti vikkhepassa paṭipakkhabhāvato ‘‘avikkhepo’’ti laddhanāmacittassa ekaggabhāvaṃ pajānato. <span class="bld">Sati upaṭṭhitā hotī</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā ṭhitā hoti. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā tena ñāṇenā</span>ti yathāvuttāya satiyā, yathāvuttena ca ñāṇena. Idaṃ vutta hoti – dīghaṃ assāsaṃ ārammaṇabhūtaṃ avikkhittacittassa, asammohato vā pajānantassa tattha sati upaṭṭhitā eva hoti, taṃ sampajānantassa ārammaṇakaraṇavasena, asammohavasena vā sampajaññaṃ, tadadhīnasatisampajaññena taṃsamaṅgī yogāvacaro satokārī nāma hotīti. <span class="bld">Paṭinissaggānupassī assāsavasenā</span>ti paṭinissaggānupassī hutvā assasanassa vasena. ‘‘Paṭinissaggānupassīassāsavasenā’’ti vā pāṭho. Tassa paṭinissaggānupassino assāsā paṭinissaggānupassīassāsā, tesaṃ vasenāti attho. Vinayanayena anto uṭṭhitasasanaṃ <span class="bld">assāso,</span> bahi uṭṭhitasasanaṃ <span class="bld">passāso</span>. Suttantanayena pana bahi uṭṭhahitvāpi anto sasanato <span class="bld">assāso,</span> anto uṭṭhahitvāpi bahi sasanato <span class="bld">passāso</span>. Ayameva ca nayo –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Assāsādimajjhapariyosānaṃ <a name="V1.0300"></a> satiyā anugacchato ajjhattaṃ vikkhepagatena cittena kāyopi cittampi sāraddhā ca honti iñjitā ca phanditā cā’’ti, ‘‘passāsādimajjhapariyosānaṃ satiyā anugacchato bahiddhā vikkhepagatena cittena kāyopi cittampi sāraddhā ca honti iñjitā ca phanditā cā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.157) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imāya <span class="bld">pāḷiyā</span> sameti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ abbhantaravāto bahi nikkhamati,</span> tasmā pavattikkamena assāso paṭhamaṃ vuttoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Tāluṃ āhacca nibbāyatī</span>ti tāluṃ āhacca nirujjhati. Tena kira sampatijāto bāladārako khipitaṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ tāvā</span>tiādi yathāvuttassa atthassa nigamanaṃ. Keci ‘‘evaṃ tāvāti anena pavattikkamena assāso bahinikkhamanavātoti gahetabbanti adhippāyo’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Addhānavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0318"></a> kāladdhānavasena. Ayaṃ hi <span class="bld">addhāna</span>-saddo kālassa, desassa ca vācako. Tattha desaddhānaṃ udāharaṇabhāvena dassetvā kāladdhānavasena assāsapassāsānaṃ dīgharassataṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">okāsaddhāna</span>nti okāsabhūtaṃ addhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pharitvā</span>ti byāpetvā. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇavicuṇṇāpi</span> anekakalāpabhāvena. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ addhāna</span>nti dīghaṃ padesaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti saṇikaṃ pavattiyā dīghasantānatāya ‘‘dīghā’’ti vuccanti. Ettha ca hatthiādisarīre, sunakhādisarīre ca assāsapassāsānaṃ desaddhānavisiṭṭhena kāladdhānavaseneva dīgharassatā vuttāti veditabbā. ‘‘Saṇikaṃ pūretvā saṇikameva nikkhamanti’’, ‘‘sīghaṃ pūretvā sīghameva nikkhamantī’’ti ca vacanato. <span class="bld">Manussesū</span>ti samānappamāṇesupi manussasarīresu. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assasantī</span>ti dīghaṃ assāsappabandhaṃ pavattentīti attho. <span class="bld">Passasantī</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Sunakhasasādayo viya rassaṃ assasanti ca passasanti cāti yojanā. Idaṃ pana dīghaṃ, rassañca assasanaṃ, passasanañca tesaṃ sattānaṃ sarīrasabhāvoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti sattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti assāsapassāsā. <span class="bld">Ittaramaddhāna</span>nti appakaṃ kālaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navahākārehī</span>ti bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa pubbenāparaṃ aladdhavisesassa kevalaṃ addhānavasena ādito <a name="V1.0301"></a> vuttā tayo ākārā, te ca kho ekacco assāsaṃ suṭṭhu sallakkheti, ekacco passāsaṃ, ekacco tadubhayanti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ puggalānaṃ vasena. Keci pana ‘‘assasatipi passasatipīti ekajjhaṃ vacanaṃ bhāvanāya nirantaraṃ pavattidassanattha’’nti vadanti. Chandavasena pubbe viya tayo, tathā pāmojjavasenāti imehi navahākārehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ cettha ekassa puggalassa tayo eva ākārā labbhanti, tantivasena pana sabbesaṃ pāḷiāruḷhattā, tesaṃ vasena parikammassa kātabbattā ca <span class="bld">‘‘tatrāyaṃ bhikkhu navahākārehī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pajānato</span>ti evaṃ yathāvuttehi ākārehi assāsapassāse pajānato, tattha manasikāraṃ pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Ekenākārenā</span>ti dīghaṃ assāsādīsu catūsu ākāresu ekena ākārena, navasu tīsu vā ekena. Tathā hi vakkhati –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Dīgho rasso ca assāso, passāsopi ca tādiso;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Cattāro vaṇṇā vattanti, nāsikagge va bhikkhuno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M1.0319"></a> bhāvanā assāsapassāsakāyānupassanāti katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā sampajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni pāḷivaseneva te nava ākāre, bhāvanāvidhiñca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathāhā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kathaṃ pajānātī</span>ti pajānanavidhiṃ kathetukamyatāya pucchati. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsa</span>nti vuttalakkhaṇaṃ dīghaṃ assāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Addhānasaṅkhāte</span>ti ‘‘addhāna’’nti saṅkhaṃ gate dīghe kāle, dīghaṃ khaṇanti attho. Koṭṭhāsapariyāyo vā saṅkhāta-saddo ‘‘theyyasaṅkhāta’’ntiādīsu (pārā. 91) viya, tasmā addhānasaṅkhāteti addhānakoṭṭhāse, desabhāgeti attho. <span class="bld">Chando uppajjatī</span>ti bhāvanāya pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ āvahantiyā laddhassādattā tattha sātisayo kattukāmatālakkhaṇo kusalacchando uppajjati. <span class="bld">Chandavasenā</span>ti tathāpavattachandassa vasena savisesaṃ bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ vuddhiṃ phātiṃ gamentassa. <span class="bld">Tato sukhumatara</span>nti yathāvuttachandappavattiyā purimato sukhumataraṃ. Bhāvanābalena hi paṭippassaddhadarathapariḷāhatāya kāyassa assāsapassāsā sukhumatarā hutvā pavattanti. <span class="bld">Pāmojjaṃ uppajjatī</span>ti assāsapassāsānaṃ sukhumatarabhāvena ārammaṇassa santataratāya, kammaṭṭhānassa ca vīthipaṭipannatāya bhāvanācittasahagato pamodo khuddikādibhedā <a name="V1.0302"></a> taruṇapīti uppajjati. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ vivattatī</span>ti anukkamena assāsapassāsānaṃ ativiya sukhumatarabhāvappattiyā anupaṭṭhahane vicetabbākārappattehi cittaṃ vinivattatīti keci. Bhāvanābalena pana sukhumatarabhāvappattesu assāsapassāsesu tattha paṭibhāganimitte uppanne pakatiassāsapassāsato cittaṃ nivattati. <span class="bld">Upekkhā saṇṭhātī</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭibhāganimitte upacārappanābhede samādhimhi uppanne puna jhānanibbattanatthaṃ byāpārābhāvato ajjhupekkhanaṃ hotīti. Sā panāyaṃ upekkhā tatramajjhattupekkhāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imehi navahi ākārehī</span>ti imehi yathāvuttehi navahi pakārehi pavattā. <span class="bld">Dīghaṃ assāsapassāsā kāyo</span>ti dīghākārā assāsapassāsā cuṇṇavicuṇṇāpi samūhaṭṭhena kāyo. Assāsapassāse nissāya uppannanimittampettha assāsapassāsasamaññameva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaṭṭhānaṃ satī</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ upagantvā tiṭṭhatīti sati upaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Anupassanā</span> <a name="M1.0320"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti samathavasena nimittassa anupassanā, vipassanāvasena assāsapassāse, tannissayañca kāyaṃ ‘‘rūpa’’nti, cittaṃ taṃsampayuttadhamme ca ‘‘arūpa’’nti vavatthapetvā nāmarūpassa anupassanā ca ñāṇaṃ, tattha yathābhūtāvabodho. <span class="bld">Kāyo upaṭṭhāna</span>nti so kāyo ārammaṇakaraṇavasena upagantvā sati ettha tiṭṭhatīti upaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Ettha ca ‘‘kāyo upaṭṭhāna’’nti iminā itarakāyassāpi saṅgaho hoti yathāvuttasammasanacārassāpi idha icchitattā. <span class="bld">No satī</span>ti so kāyo sati nāma na hoti. <span class="bld">Sati upaṭṭhānañceva sati ca</span> saraṇaṭṭhena, upatiṭṭhanaṭṭhena ca. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā</span>ti yathāvuttāya satiyā. <span class="bld">Tena ñāṇenā</span>ti yathāvutteneva ñāṇena. <span class="bld">Taṃ kāya</span>nti taṃ assāsapassāsakāyañceva tannissayarūpakāyañca. <span class="bld">Anupassatī</span>ti jhānasampayuttañāṇena ceva vipassanāñāṇena ca anu anu passati. <span class="bld">Tena vuccati kāye kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā</span>ti tena anupassanena yathāvutte kāye ayaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanāti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā ayaṃ yathāvutte assāsapassāsakāye, tassa nissayabhūte karajakāye ca kāyasseva anupassanā anudakabhūtāya marīciyā udakānupassanā viya na aniccādisabhāve kāye niccādibhāvānupassanā, atha kho yathārahaṃ aniccadukkhānattāsubhabhāvassevānupassanā. Atha vā kāye ‘‘aha’’nti vā ‘‘mama’’nti vā ‘‘itthī’’ti vā ‘‘puriso’’ti vā gahetabbassa kassaci abhāvato tādisaṃ ananupassitvā kāyamattasseva anupassanā <a name="V1.0303"></a> <span class="bld">kāyānupassanā,</span> tāya kāyānupassanāya sampayuttā satiyeva upaṭṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhānaṃ,</span> tassa bhāvanā vaḍḍhanā <span class="bld">kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānabhāvanā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Esa nayo</span>ti ‘‘navahi ākārehī’’tiādinā vuttavidhiṃ rassa-pade atidisati. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ yathādassite ‘‘kathaṃ dīghaṃ assasanto’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 3.148; saṃ. ni. 5.986; pārā. 165) āgate pāḷinaye. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti imasmiṃ rassapadavasena āgate pāḷinaye.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aya</span>nti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Addhānavasenā</span>ti dīghakālavasena. <span class="bld">Ittaravasenā</span>ti parittakālavasena. <span class="bld">Imehi ākārehī</span>ti imehi navahi ākārehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tādiso</span>ti <a name="M1.0321"></a> dīgho, rasso ca. <span class="bld">Cattāro vaṇṇā</span>ti cattāro ākārā, te ca dīghādayo eva. <span class="bld">Nāsikagge va bhikkhuno</span>ti gāthābandhasukhatthaṃ rassaṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nāsikagge vā’’</span>ti, <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo aniyamattho, tena uttaroṭṭhaṃ saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para220"></a><span class="paranum">220</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti sabbassa kāyassa paṭi paṭi paccekaṃ sammadeva vedanasīlo jānanasīlo, tassa vā paṭi paṭi sammadeva vedo etassa atthi, taṃ vā paṭi paṭi sammadeva vedamānoti attho. Tattha tattha sabba-ggahaṇena assāsādikāyassa anavasesapariyādāne siddhepi anekakalāpasamudāyabhāvato tassa sabbesampi bhāgānaṃ saṃvedanadassanatthaṃ paṭi-saddaggahaṇaṃ. Tattha sakkaccakārībhāvadassanatthaṃ saṃ-saddaggahaṇanti imamatthaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sakalassā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha yathā samānepi assāsapassāsesu yogino paṭipattividhāne paccekaṃ sakkaccaṃyeva paṭipajjitabbanti dassetuṃ visuṃ desanā katā, evaṃ tamevatthaṃ dīpetuṃ satipi atthassa samānatāya ‘‘sakalassā’’tiādinā padadvayassa visuṃ visuṃ atthavaṇṇanā katāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pākaṭaṃ karonto</span>ti vibhūtaṃ karonto, sabbaso vibhāventoti attho. Pākaṭīkaraṇaṃ vibhāvanaṃ tattha asammuyhanaṃ ñāṇeneva nesaṃ pavattanena hotīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ viditaṃ karonto’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti yasmā ñāṇasampayuttacitteneva assāsapassāse pavatteti, na vippayuttacittena, tasmā evaṃbhūto sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmi passasissāmīti sikkhatīti vuccati buddhādīhīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇavicuṇṇavisaṭe</span>ti anekakalāpatāya cuṇṇavicuṇṇabhāvena <a name="V1.0304"></a> visaṭe. <span class="bld">Ādi pākaṭo hoti</span> satiyā, ñāṇassa ca vasena tathā pubbābhisaṅkhārassa pavattattā. <span class="bld">Tādisena bhavitabba</span>nti catutthapuggalasadisena bhavitabbaṃ, pageva satiṃ, ñāṇañca paccupaṭṭhapetvā tīsupi ṭhānesu ñāṇasampayuttameva cittaṃ pavattetabbanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakārena sabbakāyapaṭisaṃvedanavaseneva. <span class="bld">Ghaṭatī</span>ti ussahati. <span class="bld">Vāyamatī</span>ti vāyāmaṃ karoti, manasikāraṃ pavattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Tathābhūtassā</span>ti ānāpānassatiṃ bhāventassa. <span class="bld">Saṃvaro</span>ti sati<a name="M1.0322"></a>, vīriyampi vā. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā</span>ti yā ānāpāne ārabbha pavattā sati, tāya. <span class="bld">Tena manasikārenā</span>ti yo so tattha satipubbaṅgamo bhāvanāmanasikāro, tena saddhinti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Āsevatī</span>ti ‘‘tisso sikkhāyo’’ti vutte adhikusaladhamme āsevati. Tadāsevanañhettha sikkhananti adhippetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purimanaye</span>ti purimasmiṃ bhāvanānaye, paṭhamavatthudvayeti adhippāyo. Tatthāpi kāmaṃ ñāṇuppādanaṃ labbhateva assāsapassāsānaṃ yāthāvato dīgharassabhāvāvabodhasabbhāvato, tathāpi taṃ na dukkaraṃ yathāpavattānaṃ tesaṃ gahaṇamattabhāvatoti tattha vattamānakālappayogo kato. Idaṃ pana dukkaraṃ purisassa khuradhārāyaṃ gamanasadisaṃ, tasmā sātisayenettha pubbābhisaṅkhārena bhavitabbanti dīpetuṃ anāgatakālappayogo katoti imamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yasmā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ñāṇuppādanādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena kāyasaṅkhārapassambhanapītipaṭisaṃvedanādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Keci panettha ‘‘saṃvarasamādānānaṃ saṅgaho’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyasaṅkhāra</span>nti assāsapassāsaṃ. So hi cittasamuṭṭhānopi samāno karajakāyappaṭibaddhavuttitāya tena saṅkharīyatīti kāyasaṅkhāroti vuccati. Yo pana ‘‘kāyasaṅkhāro vacīsaṅkhāro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.102) evamāgato kāyasaṅkhāro cetanālakkhaṇo satipi dvārantaruppattiyaṃ yebhuyyavuttiyā, tabbahulavuttiyā ca kāyadvārena lakkhito, so idha nādhippeto. <span class="bld">Passambhento</span>tiādīsu pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ padaṃ purimassa purimassa atthavacanaṃ, tasmā passambhanaṃ nāma vūpasamanaṃ, tañca tathāpayoge asati uppajjanārahassa oḷārikassa kāyasaṅkhārassa payogasampattiyā anuppādananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti ‘‘oḷārikaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhento’’ti ettha. <span class="bld">Apariggahitakāle</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa anāraddhakāle, tato eva kāyacittānampi apariggahitakāle. ‘‘Nisīdati <a name="V1.0305"></a> pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāyā’’ti hi iminā kāyapariggaho, ‘‘parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’ti iminā cittapariggaho vutto. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyopi cittampi pariggahitā hontī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kāyo</span>ti karajakāyo. <span class="bld">Sadarathā</span>ti sapariḷāhā, sā <a name="M1.0323"></a> ca nesaṃ sadarathatā garubhāvena viya oḷārikatāya avinābhāvinīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘oḷārikā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Balavatarā</span>ti sabalā thūlā. <span class="bld">Santā hontī</span>ti cittaṃ tāvaṃ bahiddhā vikkhepābhāvena ekaggaṃ hutvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariggahetvā pavattamānaṃ santaṃ hoti vūpasantaṃ, tato eva taṃsamuṭṭhānā rūpadhammā lahumudukammaññabhāvappattā, tadanuguṇatāya sesaṃ tisantatirūpanti evaṃ citte, kāye ca vūpasante pavattamāne tannissitā assāsapassāsā santasabhāvā anukkamena sukhumatarasukhumatamā hutvā pavattanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yadā panassa kāyopī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ābhujanaṃ <span class="bld">ābhogo,</span> ‘‘passambhemī’’ti paṭhamāvajjanā. Sammā anu anu āharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">samannāhāro,</span> tasmiṃyeva atthe aparāparaṃ pavattaāvajjanā. Tasseva atthassa manasi karaṇaṃ citte ṭhapanaṃ <span class="bld">manasikāro</span>. Vīmaṃsā <span class="bld">paccavekkhaṇā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāraddhe</span>ti sadarathe sapariḷāhe. <span class="bld">Adhimatta</span>nti balavaṃ oḷārikaṃ. Liṅgavipallāsena vuttaṃ. Kāyasaṅkhāroti hi adhippeto. ‘‘Adhimattaṃ hutvā pavattatī’’ti kiriyāvisesanaṃ vā etaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhuma</span>nti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Kāyamhī</span>ti ettha ‘‘citte cā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para221"></a><span class="paranum">221</span>. Paṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhāya kariyamānaṃ dutiyajjhānassa nānāvajjanaṃ parikammaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ viya dūrasamussāritapaṭipakkhanti katvā taṃsamuṭṭhāno kāyasaṅkhāro paṭhamajjhāne ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre ca oḷārikoti sadiso vutto. Esa nayo sesūpacāradvayepi. Atha vā dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhigamāya paṭipajjato dukkhāpaṭipadādivasena kilamato yogino kāyakilamathacittūpaghātādivasena, vitakkādisaṅkhobhena ca sapariphandatāya cittappavattiyā dutiyajjhānādiupacāresu kāyasaṅkhārassa oḷārikatā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Atisukhumo</span>ti aññattha labbhamāno kāyasaṅkhāro catutthajjhāne atikkantasukhumo. Sukhumabhāvopissa tattha natthi, kuto oḷārikatā appavattanato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘appavattimeva pāpuṇātī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Lābhissa <a name="M1.0324"></a> sato anupubbasamāpattisamāpajjanavelaṃ, ekāsaneneva vā sabbesaṃ jhānānaṃ paṭilābhaṃ <a name="V1.0306"></a> sandhāya <span class="bld">majjhimabhāṇakā</span> heṭṭhimaheṭṭhimajjhānato uparūparijhānūpacārepi sukhumataraṃ icchanti. Tattha hi sopacārānaṃ jhānānaṃ uparūpari visesavantatā, santatā ca sambhaveyya, ekāvajjanūpacāraṃ vā sandhāya evaṃ vuttaṃ. Evañhi heṭṭhā vuttavādena imassa vādassa avirodho siddho bhinnavisayattā. <span class="bld">Sabbesaññevā</span>ti ubhayesampi. Yasmā te sabbepi vuccamānena vidhinā passaddhimicchantiyeva. <span class="bld">‘‘Apariggahitakāle pavattakāyasaṅkhāro pariggahitakāle paṭippassambhatī’’</span>ti idaṃ sadisasantānatāya vuttaṃ. Na hi te eva oḷārikā assāsādayo sukhumā honti. Passambhanākāro pana nesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahābhūtapariggahe sukhumo</span>ti catudhātumukhena vipassanābhinivesaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakalarūpapariggahe sukhumo</span> bhāvanāya uparūpari paṇītabhāvato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpārūpapariggahe sukhumo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanā</span>ti kalāpasammasanamāha. Nibbidānupassanato paṭṭhāya <span class="bld">balavavipassanā</span>. Tato oraṃ <span class="bld">dubbalavipassanā. Pubbe vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘apariggahitakāle’’tiādinā samathanaye vuttena nayena ‘‘apariggahe pavatto kāyasaṅkhāro mahābhūtapariggahe paṭippassambhatī’’tiādinā vipassanānayepi paṭippassaddhi yojetabbāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti imassa ‘‘passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’nti padassa. <span class="bld">Codanāsodhanāhī</span>ti anuyogaparihārehi. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti idāni vuccamānākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katha</span>nti yaṃ idaṃ ‘‘passambhayaṃ…pe… sikkhatī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.171) vuttaṃ, taṃ kathaṃ kena pakārena kāyasaṅkhārassa passambhanaṃ, yogino ca sikkhanaṃ hotīti kathetukamyatāya pucchitvā kāyasaṅkhāre sarūpato, oḷārikasukhumato, vūpasamato, anuyogaparihārato ca dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katame kāyasaṅkhārā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyikā</span>ti rūpakāye bhavā. <span class="bld">Kāyapaṭibaddhā</span>ti kāyasannissitā. Kāye sati honti, asati na honti, tato eva te akāyasamuṭṭhānāpi kāyena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">kāyasaṅkhārā. Passambhento</span>ti oḷārikoḷārikaṃ passambhento. Sesapadadvayaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Oḷārikañhi kāyasaṅkhāraṃ avūpasantasabhāvaṃ sannisīdāpento <a name="M1.0325"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘passambhento’’</span>ti vuccati, anuppādanirodhaṃ pāpento <span class="bld">‘‘nirodhento’’</span>ti, suṭṭhu santasabhāvaṃ nayanto <span class="bld">‘‘vūpasamento’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathārūpehī</span>ti <a name="V1.0307"></a> yādisehi. <span class="bld">Kāyasaṅkhārehī</span>ti oḷārikehi kāyasaṅkhārehi. <span class="bld">Ānamanā</span>ti abhimukhabhāvena kāyassa namanā. <span class="bld">Vinamanā</span>ti visuṃ visuṃ passato namanā. <span class="bld">Sannamanā</span>ti sabbato, suṭṭhu vā namanā. <span class="bld">Paṇamanā</span>ti pacchato namanā. <span class="bld">Iñjanā</span>dīni ānamanādīnaṃ vevacanāni, adhimattāni vā abhimukhaṃ calanādīni ānamanādayo, mandāni iñjanādayo. <span class="bld">Passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra</span>nti tathārūpaṃ ānamanādīnaṃ kāraṇabhūtaṃ oḷārikaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhento. Tasmiṃ hi passambhite ānamanādayopi passambhitā eva honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santaṃ sukhuma</span>nti yathārūpehi kāyasaṅkhārehi kāyassa aparipphandanahetūhi ānamanādayo na honti, tathārūpaṃ darathābhāvato santaṃ, anoḷārikatāya sukhumaṃ. <span class="bld">Passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra</span>nti sāmaññato ekaṃ katvā vadati. Atha vā pubbe oḷārikoḷārikaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ paṭippassambhento anukkamena kāyassa aparipphandanahetubhūte sukhumasukhumatare uppādetvā tepi paṭippassambhetvā paramasukhumatāya koṭippattaṃ yaṃ kāyasaṅkhāraṃ paṭippassambheti, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘santaṃ sukhumaṃ passambhayaṃ kāyasaṅkhāra’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>tiādi codakavacanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">itī</span>ti pakāratthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Kirā</span>ti arucisūcane, evaṃ ceti attho. Ayañhettha adhippāyo – vuttappakārena yadi atisukhumampi kāyasaṅkhāraṃ passambhetīti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ sati tayā vuttākāre labbhamāne. <span class="bld">Vātūpaladdhiyā</span>ti vātassa upaladdhiyā. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho, assāsādivātārammaṇassa cittassa pabhāvanā uppādanā pavattanā na hoti, te ca tena passambhetabbāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsānañca bhāvanā</span>ti oḷārike assāsapassāse bhāvanāya paṭippassambhetvā sukhumānaṃ tesaṃ pabhāvanā ca na hoti, ubhayesaṃ tesaṃ tena paṭippassambhetabbato. <span class="bld">Ānāpānassatiyā</span>ti ānāpānārammaṇāya satiyā ca pavattanaṃ na hoti, ānāpānānaṃ abhāvato. Tato eva taṃsampayuttassa <span class="bld">ānāpānassatisamādhissa ca pabhāvanā</span> uppādanāpi na hoti. Na hi kadāci ārammaṇena vinā sārammaṇadhammā sambhavanti. <span class="bld">Na ca naṃ ta</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">na</span>nti nipātamattaṃ<a name="M1.0326"></a>. Taṃ vuttavidhānaṃ samāpattiṃ paṇḍitā paññavanto na ceva samāpajjantipi tato na vuṭṭhahantipīti yojanā. Evaṃ codako sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvūpanayanaṃ passambhananti adhippāyena codeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <span class="bld">iti kirā</span>tiādi yathāvuttāya codanāya vissajjanā. Tattha <span class="bld">kirā</span>ti ‘‘yadī’’ti etassa <a name="V1.0308"></a> atthe nipāto. Iti kira sikkhati, mayā vuttākārena yadi sikkhatīti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ passambhane sati. <span class="bld">Pabhāvanā hotī</span>ti yadipi oḷārikā kāyasaṅkhārā paṭippassambhanti, sukhumā pana atthevāti anukkamena paramasukhumabhāvappattassa vasena nimittuppattiyā ānāpānassatiyā, ānāpānassatisamādhissa ca pabhāvanā ijjhatevāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā kathaṃ viyā</span>ti yathāvuttavidhānaṃ taṃ kathaṃ viya daṭṭhabbaṃ, atthi kiñci tadatthasampaṭipādane opammanti adhippāyo. Idāni opammaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>ti opammatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Kaṃse</span>ti kaṃsabhājane. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti nimittassa, tesaṃ saddānaṃ pavattākārassāti attho. Sāmiatthe hi idaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Suggahitattā</span>ti suṭṭhu gahitattā. <span class="bld">Sumanasikatattā</span>ti suṭṭhu citte ṭhapitattā. <span class="bld">Sūpadhāritattā</span>ti sammadeva upadhāritattā sallakkhitattā. <span class="bld">Sukhumakā saddā</span>ti anurave āha, ye appakā. Appattho hi ayaṃ ka-saddo. <span class="bld">Sukhumasaddanimittārammaṇatāpī</span>ti sukhumo saddova nimittaṃ sukhumasaddanimittaṃ, tadārammaṇatāyapi. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Kāmaṃ tadāsukhumāpi saddā niruddhā, saddanimittassa pana suggahitattā sukhumatarasaddanimittārammaṇabhāvenāpi cittaṃ pavattati. Ādito paṭṭhāya hi tassa tassa niruddhassa saddassa nimittaṃ avikkhittena cittena upadhārentassa anukkamena pariyosāne atisukhumasaddanimittampi ārammaṇaṃ katvā cittaṃ pavattateva. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati</span> tasmiṃ yathāupaṭṭhite nimitte samādhānasabbhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>tiādi vuttassevatthassa nigamanavasena vuttaṃ. Tattha yassa suttapadassa saddhiṃ codanāsodhanāhi attho vutto, taṃ uddharitvā kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānāni vibhāgato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘passambhaya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ vuttanayattā uttānameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para222"></a><span class="paranum">222</span>. <span class="bld">Ādikammikassa</span> <a name="M1.0327"></a> <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhānavasenā</span>ti samathakammaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Vipassanaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ pana itaracatukkesupi labbhateva. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti paṭhamacatukke. <span class="bld">Pañcasandhika</span>nti pañcapabbaṃ, pañcabhāganti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānassa uggaṇhana</span>nti kammaṭṭhānaganthassa uggaṇhanaṃ. Tadatthaparipucchā <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhānassa paripucchanā</span><a name="V1.0309"></a>. Atha vā ganthato, atthato ca kammaṭṭhānassa uggaṇhanaṃ <span class="bld">uggaho</span>. Tattha saṃsayaparipucchanā <span class="bld">paripucchā. Kammaṭṭhānassa upaṭṭhāna</span>nti nimittupaṭṭhānaṃ, evaṃ bhāvanamanuyuñjantassa ‘‘evamidha nimittaṃ upaṭṭhātī’’ti upadhāraṇaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">kammaṭṭhānappanā</span> ‘‘evaṃ jhānamappetī’’ti. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānassa lakkhaṇa</span>nti gaṇanānubandhanāphusanānaṃ vasena bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ṭhapanāya sampatti, tato parampi vā sallakkhaṇādivasena matthakappattīti kammaṭṭhānasabhāvassa sallakkhaṇaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kammaṭṭhānasabhāvūpadhāraṇanti vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attanāpi na kilamati</span> odhiso kammaṭṭhānassa uggaṇhanato. Tato eva <span class="bld">ācariyampi na viheseti</span> dhammādhikaraṇampi bhāvanāya matthakaṃ pāpanato. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti taṃ nimittaṃ attano akilamanaācariyāvihesanahetu. <span class="bld">Thoka</span>nti thokaṃ thokaṃ. Uggahetabbato <span class="bld">uggaho,</span> sabbopi kammaṭṭhānavidhi, na pubbe vuttauggahamattaṃ. Ācariyato uggaho <span class="bld">ācariyuggaho,</span> tato. <span class="bld">Ekapadampī</span>ti ekakoṭṭhāsampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223"></a><span class="paranum">223</span>. <span class="bld">Anuvahanā</span>ti assāsapassāsānaṃ anugamanavasena satiyā nirantaraṃ anupavattanā. <span class="bld">Phusanā</span>ti assāsapassāse gaṇentassa gaṇanaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā te satiyā anubandhantassa yathā appanā hoti, tathā cittaṃ ṭhapentassa ca nāsikaggādiṭṭhānassa nesaṃ phusanā. Yasmā pana gaṇanādivasena viya phusanāvasena visuṃ manasikāro natthi, phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva gaṇanādi kātabbanti dassetuṃ idha phusanāgahaṇanti dīpento <span class="bld">‘‘phusanāti phuṭṭhaṭṭhāna’’</span>nti āha. <span class="bld">Ṭhapanā</span>ti samādhānaṃ. Taṃ hi sammadeva ārammaṇe cittassa ādhānaṃ ṭhapanaṃ hoti. Tathā hi samādhi ‘‘cittassa ṭhiti saṇṭhitī’’ti (dha. sa. 11.15) niddiṭṭho. Samādhippadhānā pana appanāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapanāti appanā’’</span>ti. Aniccatādīnaṃ sallakkhaṇato <span class="bld">sallakkhaṇā vipassanā</span>. Pavattato, nimittato ca vinivaṭṭanato <span class="bld">vivaṭṭanā</span> nāma <span class="bld">maggo</span>. Sakalasaṃkilesapaṭippassaddhibhāvato <a name="M1.0328"></a> sabbaso suddhīti <span class="bld">pārisuddhi phalaṃ. Tesa</span>nti vivaṭṭanāpārisuddhīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭipassanā</span>ti paṭi paṭi dassanaṃ pekkhanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paccavekkhaṇā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khaṇḍa</span>nti ekaṃ tīṇi pañcāti evaṃ gaṇanāya khaṇḍanaṃ. <span class="bld">Okāse</span>ti gaṇanavidhiṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Gaṇananissitova</span> na kammaṭṭhānanissito. <span class="bld">‘‘Sikhāppattaṃ nu kho’’</span>ti idaṃ cirataraṃ gaṇanāya manasi karontassa vasena vuttaṃ. So hi tathā laddhaṃ avikkhepamattaṃ nissāya evaṃ maññeyya<a name="V1.0310"></a>. <span class="bld">‘‘Assāsapassāsesu yo upaṭṭhāti, taṃ gahetvā’’</span>ti idaṃ assāsapassāsesu yassa ekova paṭhamaṃ upaṭṭhāti, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, yassa pana ubhopi upaṭṭhahanti, tena ubhayampi gahetvā gaṇetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Yo upaṭṭhātī’’</span>ti iminā ca dvīsu nāsāpuṭavātesu yo pākaṭataro upaṭṭhāti, so gahetabboti ayampi attho dīpitoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavattamānaṃ pavattamāna</span>nti āmeḍitavacanena nirantaraṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ upalakkhaṇaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakārena upalakkhetvā vāti attho. <span class="bld">Pākaṭā honti</span> gaṇanāvasena bahiddhā vikkhepābhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Palighassa parivattanaṃ, taṃ yattha nikkhipanti, so <span class="bld">palighatthambho. Tiyāmaratti</span>nti accantasaṃyoge upayogavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimanayenā</span>ti sīghagaṇanāya, gopālakagaṇanāyāti attho. <span class="bld">Eko dve tīṇi cattāri pañcā</span>ti gaṇanāvidhidassanaṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">aṭṭhā</span>tiādīsupi ekato paṭṭhāyeva paccekaṃ aṭṭhādīni pāpetabbāni. <span class="bld">Sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gaṇetabbameva</span>. Kasmāti tattha kāraṇaṃ, nidassanañca dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanapaṭibaddhe hī’’</span>tiādinā. Tattha arīyati tena nāvāti arittaṃ, pājanadaṇḍo. Arittena upatthambhanaṃ <span class="bld">arittupatthambhanaṃ,</span> tassa vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nippariyāyato nirantarappavatti nāma ṭhapanāyamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nirantaraṃ pavattaṃ viyā’’</span>ti. Anto pavisantaṃ vātaṃ manasi karonto anto cittaṃ paveseti nāma. Bahi cittanīharaṇepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Vātabbhāhata</span>nti abbhantaragataṃ vātaṃ bahulaṃ manasi karontassa vātena taṃ ṭhānaṃ abbhāhataṃ viya, medena pūritaṃ viya ca hoti, tathā upaṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Nīharato</span> phuṭṭhokāsaṃ <a name="M1.0329"></a> muñcitvā, tathā pana nīharato vātassa gatisamannesanamukhena nānārammaṇesu cittaṃ vidhāvatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘puthuttārammaṇe cittaṃ vikkhipatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ assāsapassāsajātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para224"></a><span class="paranum">224</span>. <span class="bld">Anugamana</span>nti pavattapavattānaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena satiyā anu anu pavattanaṃ anugacchanaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tañca kho na ādimajjhapariyosānānugamanavasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nābhi ādi</span> tattha paṭhamaṃ uppajjanato. Paṭhamuppattivasena hi idha ādicintā, na uppattimattavasena. Tathā hi te nābhito paṭṭhāya yāva nāsikaggā sabbattha uppajjanteva. Yattha yattha ca uppajjanti, tattha tattheva bhijjanti dhammānaṃ gamanābhāvato. Yathāpaccayaṃ pana desantaruppattiyaṃ <a name="V1.0311"></a> gatisamaññā. <span class="bld">Hadayaṃ majjha</span>nti hadayasamīpaṃ tassa uparibhāgo majjhaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāsikaggaṃ pariyosāna</span>nti nāsikaṭṭhānaṃ tassa pariyosānaṃ assāsapassāsasamaññāya tadavadhibhāvato. Tathā hete ‘‘cittasamuṭṭhānā’’ti vuttā, na ca bahiddhā cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ sambhavo atthi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘abbhantaraṃ pavisanavātassa nāsikaggaṃ ādī’’</span>ti. Pavisananikkhamanapariyāyo pana taṃsadisavasena vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vikkhepagata</span>nti vikkhepaṃ upagataṃ, vikkhittaṃ asamāhitanti attho. <span class="bld">Sāraddhāyā</span>ti sadarathabhāvāya. <span class="bld">Iñjanāyā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānamanasikārassa calanāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vikkhepagatena cittenā</span>ti hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ, itthambhūtalakkhaṇe vā. <span class="bld">Sāraddhā</span>ti sadarathā. <span class="bld">Iñjitā</span>ti iñjanakā calanakā. Tathā <span class="bld">phanditā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādimajjhapariyosānavasenā</span>ti ādimajjhapariyosānānugamanavasena na manasi kātabbanti sambandho. ‘‘Anubandhanāya manasi karontena phusanāvasena ca ṭhapanāvasena ca manasi kātabba’’nti yenādhippāyena vuttaṃ, taṃ vivarituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanānubandhanāvasena viyā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">visuṃ manasikāro natthī</span>ti gaṇanāya, anubandhanāya ca vinā yathākkamaṃ kevalaṃ phusanāvasena, ṭhapanāvasena ca kammaṭṭhānamanasikāro natthi. Nanu phusanāya vinā ṭhapanāya viya, phusanāya vinā gaṇanāyapi manasikāro natthiyeva? Yadipi natthi, gaṇanā pana yathā kammaṭṭhānamanasikārassa mūlabhāvato padhānabhāvena <a name="M1.0330"></a> gahetabbā, evaṃ anubandhanā ṭhapanāya, tāya vinā ṭhapanāya asambhavato. Tasmā satipi phusanāya nānantarikabhāve gaṇanānubandhanā eva mūlabhāvato padhānabhāvena gahetvā itarāsaṃ tadabhāvaṃ dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanānubandhanāvasena viya hi phusanāṭhapanāvasena visuṃ manasikāro natthī’’</span>ti. Yadi evaṃ tā kasmā uddese visuṃ gahitāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyevā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva gaṇento’’</span>ti iminā gaṇanāya phusanā aṅganti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘gaṇanāya ca phusanāya ca manasi karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti assāsapassāse. <span class="bld">Satiyā anubandhanto</span>ti gaṇanāvīthiṃ anugantvā satiyā nibandhanto, phuṭṭhokāseyeva te nirantaraṃ upadhārentoti attho. <span class="bld">Appanāvasena cittaṃ ṭhapento</span>ti yathā appanā hoti, evaṃ yathāupaṭṭhite nimitte cittaṃ ṭhapento samādahanto. <span class="bld">Anubandhanāya cā</span>tiādīsu anubandhanāya ca phusanāya ca ṭhapanāya ca manasi karotīti vuccatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Svāyamattho</span>ti yvāyaṃ ‘‘phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva gaṇento, tattheva gaṇanaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā <a name="V1.0312"></a> te satiyā anubandhanto’’ti ca vutto, so ayamattho. Yā accantāya na minoti na vinicchināti, sā mānassa samīpeti <span class="bld">upamā</span> yathā ‘‘goṇo viya gavayo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para225"></a><span class="paranum">225</span>. <span class="bld">Paṅguḷo</span>ti pīṭhasappī. <span class="bld">Dolā</span> pekholo. <span class="bld">Kīḷata</span>nti kīḷantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Mātāputtāna</span>nti attano bhariyāya, puttassa ca. <span class="bld">Ubho koṭiyo</span>ti āgacchantassa purimakoṭiṃ, gacchantassa pacchimakoṭinti dvepi koṭiyo. <span class="bld">Majjha</span>nti dolāphalakasseva majjhaṃ. Upanibandhanathambho viyāti <span class="bld">upanibandhanathambho,</span> nāsikaggaṃ, mukhanimittaṃ vā, tassa <span class="bld">mūle</span> samīpe <span class="bld">ṭhatvā</span>. Kathaṃ ṭhatvā? Satiyā vasena. Satiñhi tattha sūpaṭṭhitaṃ karonto yogāvacaro tattha ṭhito nāma hoti, avayavadhammena samudāyassa apadisitabbato. <span class="bld">Nimitte</span>ti nāsikaggādinimitte. <span class="bld">Satiyā nisīdanto</span>ti sativasena nisīdanto. ‘‘Satiñhi tatthā’’tiādinā ṭhāne viya vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāne.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para226"></a><span class="paranum">226</span>. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti <a name="M1.0331"></a> nagarassa antobahigatā manussā, tesaṃ saṅgahā ca hatthagatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para227"></a><span class="paranum">227</span>. <span class="bld">Ādito paṭṭhāyā</span>ti upameyyatthadassanato paṭṭhāya. Gāthāyaṃ <span class="bld">nimitta</span>nti upanibandhanānimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Anārammaṇamekacittassā</span>ti ekassa cittassa na ārammaṇaṃ, ārammaṇaṃ na hontīti attho. <span class="bld">Ajānato ca tayo dhamme</span>ti nimittaṃ assāso passāsoti ime tayo dhamme ārammaṇakaraṇavasena avindantassa. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo byatireke. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti ānāpānassatisamādhibhāvanā. <span class="bld">Nupalabbhatī</span>ti na upalabbhati na sijjhatīti ayaṃ codanāgāthāya attho, dutiyā pana parihāragāthā suviññeyyāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katha</span>nti tāsaṃ atthaṃ vivarituṃ kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Ime tayo dhammā</span>tiādīsu padayojanāya saddhiṃ ayamatthaniddeso – ime nimittādayo tayo dhammā ekacittassa kathaṃ ārammaṇaṃ na honti, tathāpi na cime na ca ime tayo dhammā aviditā honti, kathaṃ na ca honti aviditā? Tesañhi aviditatte cittañca kathaṃ vikkhepaṃ na gacchati, padhānañca bhāvanāya nipphādakaṃ vīriyañca kathaṃ paññāyati, nīvaraṇānaṃ vikkhambhakaṃ sammadeva samādhānāvahaṃ bhāvanānuyogasaṅkhātaṃ payogañca yogī kathaṃ sādheti, uparūpari lokiyalokuttarañca visesaṃ kathamadhigacchatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0313"></a> tamatthaṃ kakacūpamāya sādhetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Bhūmibhāgassa visamatāya cañcale rukkhe chedanakiriyā na sukarā siyā, tathā ca sati kakacadantagati dubbiññeyyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘same bhūmibhāge’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kakacenā</span>ti khuddakena kharapattena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘puriso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Phuṭṭhakakacadantāna</span>nti phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhakakacadantānaṃ vasena. Tena kakacadantehi phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva purisassa satiyā upaṭṭhānaṃ dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na āgate vā gate vā kakacadante manasi karotī’’</span>ti. Kakacassa ākaḍḍhanakāle purisābhimukhaṃ pavattā āgatā. Pellanakāle tato vigatā ‘‘gatā’’ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Na ca āgatā vā gatā vā kakacadantā aviditā honti</span> sabbattha satiyā upaṭṭhitattā chinditabbaṭṭhānaṃ aphusitvā gacchantānaṃ, āgacchantānañca kakacadantānaṃ abhāvato. <span class="bld">Padhāna</span>nti rukkhassa chedanavīriyaṃ<a name="M1.0332"></a>. <span class="bld">Payoga</span>nti tasseva chedanakiriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Visesa</span>nti anekabhāvāpādanaṃ, tena ca sādhetabbaṃ payojanavisesaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā rukkho</span>tiādi upamāsaṃsandanaṃ. Upanibandhati ārammaṇe cittaṃ etāyāti sati upanibandhanā nāma, tassā assāsapassāsānaṃ sallakkhaṇassa nimittanti <span class="bld">upanibandhanānimittaṃ,</span> nāsikaggaṃ, mukhanimittaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti yathāpi so puriso kakacena rukkhaṃ chindanto āgatagate kakacadante amanasikarontopi phuṭṭhaphuṭṭhaṭṭhāneyeva satiyā upaṭṭhapanena āgatagate kakacadante jānāti, suttapadañca avirajjhanto atthakiccaṃ sādheti, evameva. <span class="bld">Nāsikagge mukhanimitte</span>ti dīghanāsiko nāsikagge itaro mukhaṃ dasanaṃ nimīyati chādīyati etenāti mukhanimittanti laddhanāme uttaroṭṭhe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ padhāna</span>nti yena vīriyārambhena āraddhavīriyassa yogino kāyopi cittampi kammaniyaṃ bhāvanākammakkhamaṃ bhāvanākammayoggaṃ hoti, idaṃ vīriyaṃ padhānanti phalena hetuṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Upakkilesā pahīyantī</span>ti cittassa upakkilesabhūtāni nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhanavasena pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Vitakkā vūpasamantī</span>ti tato eva kāmavitakkādayo micchāvitakkā upasamaṃ gacchanti, nīvaraṇappahānena vā paṭhamajjhānādhigamaṃ dassetvā vitakkavūpasamāpadesena dutiyajjhānādīnamadhigamamāha. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ payogo</span>ti ayaṃ jhānādhigamassa hetubhūto kammaṭṭhānānuyogo payogo. <span class="bld">Saṃyojanā pahīyantī</span>ti dasapi saṃyojanāni maggapaṭipāṭiyā samucchedavasena pahīyanti. <span class="bld">Anusayā byantī hontī</span>ti tathā sattapi anusayā anuppattidhammatāpādanena bhaṅgamattassapi anavasesato vigatantā honti. Ettha ca saṃyojanappahānaṃ nāma anusayanirodheneva hoti, pahīnesu ca <a name="V1.0314"></a> saṃyojanesu anusayānaṃ lesopi na bhavissatīti ca dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṃyojanā pahīyanti anusayā byantī hontī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ viseso</span>ti imaṃ samādhiṃ nissāya anukkamena labbhamāno ayaṃ saṃyojanappahānādiko imassa samādhissa visesoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti yena. <span class="bld">Anupubba</span>nti anukkamena. <span class="bld">Paricitā</span>ti pariciṇṇā. Ayaṃ hettha saṅkhepattho – ānāpānassati yathā buddhena bhagavatā desitā<a name="M1.0333"></a>, tatheva yena dīgharassapajānanādividhinā anupubbaṃ paricitā suṭṭhu bhāvitā, tato eva paripuṇṇā soḷasannaṃ vatthūnaṃ pāripūriyā sabbaso puṇṇā. So bhikkhu imaṃ attano khandhādilokaṃ paññobhāsena pabhāseti. Yathā kiṃ abbhā muttova candimā abbhupakkilesavimutto candimā tārakarājā viyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti kakacūpamāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti yogino. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti vā imasmiṃ ṭhāne. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti upamābhūtassa kakacassa. Āgatagatavasena yathā tassa purisassa amanasikāro, evaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ <span class="bld">āgatagatavasena amanasikāramattameva payojanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para228"></a><span class="paranum">228</span>. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti paṭibhāganimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Avasesajhānaṅgapaṭimaṇḍitā</span>ti appanāvitakkādiavasesajhānaṅgapaṭimaṇḍitāti vadanti, vicārādīti pana vattabbaṃ nippariyāyena vitakkassa appanābhāvato. So hi pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘appanā byappanā’’ti (dha. sa. 7) niddiṭṭho, taṃsampayogato vā yasmā jhānaṃ ‘‘appanā’’ti aṭṭhakathāvohāro, jhānaṅgesu ca samādhi padhānaṃ, tasmā taṃ ‘‘appanā’’ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘avasesajhānaṅgapaṭimaṇḍitā appanāsaṅkhātā ṭhapanā ca sampajjatī’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Kassaci pana gaṇanāvaseneva manasikārakālato pabhutī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">‘‘anukkamato…pe… laṅghanākārappattaṃ viya hotī’’</span>ti ettako gantho parihīno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāraddhakāyassa</span> kassaci puggalassa. <span class="bld">Onamati</span> paṭṭikādīnaṃ palambanena. <span class="bld">Vikūjatī</span>ti saddaṃ karoti. Gattānisadakapparādīnaṃ sandhiṭṭhānesu <span class="bld">valiṃ gaṇhāti</span> tattha tattha valitaṃ hoti. Kasmā? Yasmā sāraddhakāyo garuko hotīti kāyadarathavūpasamena saddhiṃ sijjhamāno oḷārikaassāsapassāsanirodho byatirekamukhena tassa sādhanaṃ viya vutto. <span class="bld">Oḷārikaassāsapassāsanirodhavasenā</span>ti anvayavasena tadatthasādhanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāyadarathe vūpasante</span>ti cittajarūpānaṃ lahumudukammaññabhāvena yo sesatisantatirūpānampi lahuādibhāvo, so idha kāyassa lahubhāvoti <a name="V1.0315"></a> adhippeto. Svāyaṃ yasmā cittassa lahuādibhāvena vinā natthi, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāyopi cittampi lahukaṃ hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Oḷārike</span> <a name="M1.0334"></a> <span class="bld">assāsapassāse niruddhe</span>tiādi heṭṭhā vuttanayampi vicetabbākārappattassa kāyasaṅkhārassa vicayanavidhiṃ dassetuṃ ānītaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para229"></a><span class="paranum">229</span>. <span class="bld">Uparūpari vibhūtānī</span>ti bhāvanābalena uddhaṃ uddhaṃ pākaṭāni honti. <span class="bld">Desato</span>ti pakatiyā phusanadesato, pubbe attanā phusanavasena upadhāritaṭṭhānato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Kattha natthī’’</span>ti ṭhānavasena, <span class="bld">‘‘kassa natthī’’</span>ti puggalavasena vīmaṃsiyamānamatthaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘antomātukucchiya’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā udake nimuggassa puggalassa niruddhokāsatāya assāsapassāsā na pavattanti, evaṃ antomātukucchiyaṃ. Yathā matānaṃ samuṭṭhāpakacittābhāvato, evaṃ asaññībhūtānaṃ mucchāparetānaṃ, asaññīsu vā jātānaṃ, tathā nirodhasamāpannānaṃ. Catutthajjhānasamāpannānaṃ pana dhammatāvaseneva nesaṃ anuppajjanaṃ, tathā rūpārūpabhavasamaṅgīnaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘anupubbato sukhumabhāvappattiyā catutthajjhānasamāpannassa, rūpabhave rūpānaṃ bhavaṅgassa ca sukhumabhāvato rūpabhavasamaṅgīnaṃ natthī’’ti kāraṇaṃ vadanti. <span class="bld">Atthiyeva te assāsapassāsā</span> pariyesatoti adhippāyo, yathāvuttasattaṭṭhānavinimuttassa assāsapassāsānaṃ anuppajjanaṭṭhānassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Pakatiphuṭṭhavasenā</span>ti pakatiyā phusanaṭṭhānavasena. <span class="bld">Nimittaṃ ṭhapetabba</span>nti satiyā tattha tattha sukhappavattanatthaṃ thiratarasañjānanaṃ pavattetabbaṃ. Thirasaññāpadaṭṭhānā hi sati. <span class="bld">Imamevā</span>ti imaṃ eva anupaṭṭhahantassa kāyasaṅkhārassa kaṇṭakuṭṭhāpananayena upaṭṭhāpanavidhimeva. <span class="bld">Atthavasa</span>nti hetuṃ. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti hi phalaṃ, so yassa vasena pavattati, so atthavasoti. <span class="bld">Muṭṭhassatissā</span>ti vinaṭṭhassatissa. <span class="bld">Asampajānassā</span>ti sampajaññarahitassa, bhāventassa anukkamena anupaṭṭhahante assāsapassāse vīmaṃsitvā ‘‘ime te’’ti upadhāretuṃ, sammadeva pajānituñca samatthāhi satipaññāhi virahitassāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para230"></a><span class="paranum">230</span>. <span class="bld">Ito aññaṃ</span> kammaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti bhāriyaṃ. Sā cassa garukatā bhāvanāya sudukkarabhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘garukabhāvana’’</span>nti. Uparūpari <a name="M1.0335"></a> santasukhumabhāvappattito ‘‘balavatī suvisadā sūrā ca satipaññā ca icchitabbā’’ti vatvā sukhumassa nāma atthassa sādhanenāpi sukhumeneva <a name="V1.0316"></a> bhavitabbanti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Idāni anupaṭṭhahantānaṃ assāsapassāsānaṃ pariyesanupāyaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘tāhi ca panā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">gocaramukhe</span>ti gocarābhimukhe. <span class="bld">Anupada</span>nti padānupadaṃ. <span class="bld">Caritvā</span>ti gocaraṃ gahetvā. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne</span>ti upanibandhanānimittasaññitaṭṭhāne. <span class="bld">Yojetvā</span>ti manasikārena yojetvā. <span class="bld">Satirasmiyā bandhitvā</span>ti vā vuttamevatthamāha <span class="bld">‘‘tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne yojetvā’’</span>ti. Na hi upameyye bandhanayojanaṭṭhānāni visuṃ labbhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti uggahanimittaṃ, paṭibhāganimittaṃ vā. Ubhayampi hi idha ekajjhaṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā hi tūlapicuādiupamattayaṃ uggahe yujjati, sesaṃ ubhayattha. <span class="bld">Ekacce</span>ti eke ācariyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tārakarūpaṃ viyā</span>ti tārakāya pabhārūpaṃ viya. Maṇiguḷikādiupamā paṭibhāge vaṭṭanti. Kathaṃ panetaṃ ekaṃyeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ anekākārato upaṭṭhātīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tañca paneta’’</span>ntiādi. <span class="bld">Suttanta</span>nti ekaṃ suttaṃ. Paguṇappavattibhāvena avicchedaṃ, mahāvisayatañca sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘mahatī pabbateyyā nadī viyā’’</span>ti. Atthabyañjanasampattiyā samantabhaddakaṃ suttaṃ sabbabhāgamanoharā sabbapāliphullā vanaghaṭā viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekā vanarāji viyā’’</span>ti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘vanappagumbe yatha phussitagge’’ti (khu. pā. 6.13; su. ni. 236). Nānānusandhikaṃ nānāpeyyālaṃ vividhanayanipuṇaṃ bahuvidhakammaṭṭhānamukhasuttantaṃ atthikehi sakkaccaṃ samupajīvitabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sītacchāyo…pe… rukkho viyā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Saññānānatāyā</span>ti nimittupaṭṭhānato pubbeva pavattasaññānaṃ nānāvidhabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime tayo dhammā</span>ti assāso, passāso, nimittanti ime tayo dhammā. <span class="bld">Natthī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānavasena manasikātabbabhāvena natthi na upalabbhanti. <span class="bld">Na ca upacāra</span>nti upacārampi na pāpuṇāti, pageva appananti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Yassa panā</span>ti vijjamānapakkho vuttanayānusārena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vuttasseva atthassa samatthanatthaṃ kakacūpamāyaṃ āgatā <span class="bld">‘‘nimitta’’</span>ntiādikā gāthā paccānītā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232"></a><span class="paranum">232</span>. <span class="bld">Nimitte</span>ti <a name="M1.0336"></a><a name="V1.0317"></a> yathāvutte paṭibhāganimitte. <span class="bld">Evaṃ hotī</span>ti bhāvanamanuyuttassa eva hoti. Tasmā ‘‘punappunaṃ evaṃ manasi karohī’’ti vattabbo. <span class="bld">Vosānaṃ āpajjeyyā</span>ti ‘‘nimittaṃ nāma dukkaraṃ uppādetuṃ, tayidaṃ laddhaṃ, handāhaṃ dāni yadā vā tadā vā visesaṃ nibbattessāmī’’ti saṅkocaṃ āpajjeyya. <span class="bld">Visīdeyyā</span>ti ‘‘ettakaṃ kālaṃ bhāvanamanuyuttassa nimittampi na uppannaṃ, abhabbo maññe visesassā’’ti visādaṃ āpajjeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Imāya paṭipadāya jarāmaraṇato muccissāmīti paṭipannassa nimitta’’nti vutte kathaṃ saṅkocāpatti, bhiyyoso mattāya ussāhameva kareyyāti <span class="bld">‘‘nimittamidaṃ…pe… vattabbo’’</span>ti <span class="bld">majjhimabhāṇakā</span> āhu. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti vuttappakārena paṭibhāganimitteyeva bhāvanācittassa ṭhapanena. <span class="bld">Ito pabhutī</span>ti ito paṭibhāganimittuppattito paṭṭhāya. Pubbe yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘anubandhanāya ca phusanāya ca ṭhapanāya ca manasi karotī’’ti (visuddhi. 1.224), tattha anubandhanaṃ, phusanañca vissajjetvā <span class="bld">ṭhapanāvasena bhāvanā hotī</span>ti ṭhapanāvaseneva bhāvetabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Porāṇehi</span> vuttovāyamatthoti <span class="bld">‘‘nimitte’’</span>ti gāthamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nimitte</span>ti paṭibhāganimitte. <span class="bld">Ṭhapayaṃ citta</span>nti bhāvanācittaṃ ṭhapento, ṭhapanāvasena manasi karontoti attho. <span class="bld">Nānākāra</span>nti ‘‘cattāro vaṇṇā’’ti (visuddhi. 1.219; pārā. aṭṭha. 2.165; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.163) evaṃ vuttaṃ nānākāraṃ. Ākārasāmaññavasena hetaṃ ekavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhāvaya</span>nti vibhāvento antaradhāpento. Nimittuppattito paṭṭhāya hi te ākārā amanasikaroto antarahitā viya honti. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāse</span>ti assāsapassāse yo nānākāro, taṃ vibhāvayaṃ, assāsapassāsasambhūte vā nimitte. <span class="bld">Sakaṃ cittaṃ nibandhatī</span>ti tāya eva ṭhapanāya attano cittaṃ upanibandhati, appetīti attho. Ye pana ‘‘vibhāvayanti vibhāvento viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ karonto’’ti atthaṃ vadanti, taṃ pubbabhāgavasena yujjeyya. Ayañhettha attho – dhitisampannattā <span class="bld">dhīro</span> yogī assāsapassāse nānākāraṃ vibhāvento nānākārato te pajānanto vidite pākaṭe karonto, nānākāraṃ vā oḷārikoḷārike passambhento vūpasamento tattha yaṃ laddhaṃ nimittaṃ, tasmiṃ cittaṃ ṭhapento anukkamena sakaṃ cittaṃ nibandhati appetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇato</span>ti <a name="M1.0337"></a> picupiṇḍatārakarūpādīsu viya upaṭṭhitavaṇṇato. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇato</span>ti kharabhāvādisabhāvato, aniccādilakkhaṇato vā. Rakkhitabbaṃ taṃ nimittanti sambandho. Nimittassa <a name="V1.0318"></a> rakkhaṇaṃ nāma tattha paṭiladdhassa upacārajhānassa rakkhaṇeneva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ manasikāravasena vuddhiṃ viruḷhiṃ gamayitvā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para233"></a><span class="paranum">233</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etissaṃ kāyānupassanāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Pārisuddhiṃ pattukāmo</span>ti adhigantukāmo, samāpajjitukāmo ca, tattha sallakkhaṇāvivaṭṭanāvasena adhigantukāmo, sallakkhaṇāvasena samāpajjitukāmoti yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpaṃ vavatthapetvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetī</span>ti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘katha’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yathā hī</span>tiādi kāyassa, cittassa ca assāsapassāsānaṃ samudayabhāvadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Kammāragaggariyā</span>ti kammārānaṃ ukkāyaṃ aggidhamanabhastā. <span class="bld">Dhamamānāyā</span>ti dhamayantiyā, vātaṃ gāhāpentiyāti attho. <span class="bld">Tajja</span>nti tadanurūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti ettha kammāragaggarī viya karajakāyo, vāyāmo viya cittaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kiñcāpi assāsapassāsā cittasamuṭṭhānā, karajakāyaṃ pana vinā tesaṃ appavattanato <span class="bld">‘‘kāyañca cittañca paṭicca assāsapassāsā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti nāmarūpassa. <span class="bld">Paccayaṃ pariyesatī</span>ti ‘‘avijjāsamudayā rūpasamudayo’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 1.50) avijjādikaṃ paccayaṃ vīmaṃsati pariggaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Kaṅkhaṃ vitaratī</span>ti ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītamaddhāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.18; saṃ. ni. 2.20) ādinayappavattaṃ soḷasavatthukaṃ vicikicchaṃ atikkamati pajahati. ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppanna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.347; 361; 3.86; a. ni. 4.181) ādinayappavattaṃ <span class="bld">kalāpasammasanaṃ. Pubbabhāge</span>ti paṭipadāñāṇadassanavisuddhipariyāpannāya udayabbayānupassanāya pubbabhāge <span class="bld">uppanne. Obhāsādayo</span>ti obhāso ñāṇaṃ pīti passaddhi sukhaṃ adhimokkho paggaho upekkhā upaṭṭhānaṃ nikantīti ime obhāsādayo dasa. <span class="bld">Udayaṃ pahāyā</span>ti udayabbayānupassanāya gahitaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ vissajjetvā tesaṃ bhaṅgasseva anupassanato bhaṅgānupassanaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">patvā</span> ādīnavānupassanāpubbaṅgamāya nibbidānupassanāya <span class="bld">nibbindanto</span>. Muñcitukamyatāpaṭisaṅkhānupassanāsaṅkhārupekkhānulomañāṇānaṃ ciṇṇapariyante uppannagotrabhuñāṇānantaraṃ uppannena maggañāṇena sabbasaṅkhāresu <span class="bld">virajjanto vimuccanto</span>. Maggakkhaṇe <a name="M1.0338"></a> hi ariyo virajjati vimuccatīti ca vuccati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yathākkamena cattāro ariyamagge pāpuṇitvā’’</span>ti. Maggaphalanibbānapahīnāvasiṭṭhakilesasaṅkhātassa paccavekkhitabbassa pabhedena <span class="bld">ekūnavīsatibhedassa</span><a name="V1.0319"></a>. Arahato hi avasiṭṭhakilesābhāvena ekūnavīsatitā. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ānāpānakammaṭṭhānikassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">Visuṃ kammaṭṭhānabhāvanānayo nāma natthi</span> paṭhamacatukkavasena adhigatajhānassa vedanācittadhammānupassanāvasena desitattā. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti tiṇṇaṃ catukkānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītipaṭisaṃvedī</span>ti pītiyā paṭi paṭi sammadeva vedanāsīlo, tassā vā paṭi paṭi sammadeva vedo etassa atthi, taṃ vā paṭi paṭi sammadeva vedayamāno. Tattha kāmaṃ saṃvedana-ggahaṇeneva pītiyā sakkaccaṃ viditabhāvo bodhito hoti, yehi pana pakārehi tassā saṃvedanaṃ icchitaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">paṭi</span>-saddaggahaṇaṃ ‘‘paṭi paṭi saṃvedīti paṭisaṃvedī’’ti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dvīhākārehī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kathaṃ ārammaṇato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotī</span>ti pucchāvacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjatī</span>ti pītisahagatāni dve paṭhamadutiyajhānāni paṭipāṭiyā samāpajjati. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tena. ‘‘Paṭisaṃviditā’’ti hi padaṃ apekkhitvā kattuatthe etaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattikkhaṇe</span>ti samāpannakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Jhānapaṭilābhenā</span>ti jhānena samaṅgibhāvena. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇato</span>ti ārammaṇamukhena, tadārammaṇajhānapariyāpannā pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti <span class="bld">ārammaṇassa paṭisaṃviditattā</span>. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yathā nāma sappapariyesanaṃ carantena tassa āsaye paṭisaṃvidite sopi paṭisaṃvidito gahito eva hoti mantāgadabalena tassa gahaṇassa sukarattā, evaṃ pītiyā āsayabhūte ārammaṇe paṭisaṃvidite sā pīti paṭisaṃviditā eva hoti salakkhaṇato, sāmaññato ca tassā gahaṇassa sukarattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ asammohato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotīti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipassanākkhaṇe</span>ti vipassanāpaññāya tikkhavisadappattāya visayato <a name="M1.0339"></a> dassanakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhenā</span>ti pītiyā salakkhaṇassa, sāmaññalakkhaṇassa ca paṭivijjhanena. Yaṃ hi yassa visesato, sāmaññato ca lakkhaṇaṃ, tasmiṃ vidite so yāthāvato vidito eva hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘asammohato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V1.0320"></a> tamatthaṃ pāḷiyā eva vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vuttañheta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assāsavasenā</span>tiādīsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Tattha pana satokāritādassanavasena pāḷi āgatā, idha pītipaṭisaṃveditāvasena, pītipaṭisaṃveditā ca atthato vibhattā eva. Apica ayamettha saṅkhepattho – <span class="bld">dīghaṃ assāsavasenā</span>ti dīghassa assāsassa ārammaṇabhūtassa vasena pajānato sā pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Cittassa ekaggataṃ avikkhepaṃ pajānato</span>ti jhānapariyāpannaṃ ‘‘avikkhepo’’ti laddhanāmaṃ cittassekaggataṃ taṃsampayuttāya paññāya pajānato. Yatheva hi ārammaṇamukhena pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti, evaṃ taṃsampayuttadhammāpi ārammaṇamukhena paṭisaṃviditā eva hontīti. <span class="bld">Sati upaṭṭhitā hotī</span>ti dīghaṃ assāsavasena jhānasampayuttā sati tassa ārammaṇe upaṭṭhitā ārammaṇamukhena jhānepi upaṭṭhitā nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tāya satiyā</span>ti evaṃ upaṭṭhitāya tāya satiyā yathāvuttena <span class="bld">tena ñāṇena</span> suppaṭividitattā ārammaṇassa tassa vasena tadārammaṇā sā pīti <span class="bld">paṭisaṃviditā hoti. Dīghaṃ passāsavasenā</span>tiādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭhamacatukkavasena dassitaṃ pītipaṭisaṃvedanaṃ ārammaṇato, asammohato ca vibhāgaso dassetuṃ ‘‘āvajjato’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">āvajjato</span>ti jhānaṃ āvajjantassa. <span class="bld">Sā pītī</span>ti sā jhānapariyāpannā pīti. <span class="bld">Jānato</span>ti samāpannakkhaṇe ārammaṇamukhena jānato. Tassa sā pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Passato</span>ti dassanabhūtena ñāṇena jhānato vuṭṭhāya passantassa. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhato</span>ti jhānaṃ paccavekkhantassa. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ adhiṭṭhahato</span>ti ‘‘ettakaṃ velaṃ jhānasamaṅgī bhavissāmī’’ti jhānacittaṃ adhiṭṭhahantassa. Evaṃ pañcannaṃ vasībhāvānaṃ vasena jhānassa pajānanamukhena ārammaṇato pītiyā paṭisaṃvedanā dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M1.0340"></a> yehi dhammehi jhānaṃ, vipassanā ca sijjhanti; tesaṃ jhānapariyāpannānaṃ, vipassanāmaggapariyāpannānañca saddhādīnaṃ vasena pītipaṭisaṃvedanaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saddhāya adhimuccato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">adhimuccato</span>ti saddahantassa, samathavipassanāvasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vīriyaṃ paggaṇhato</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Abhiññeyya</span>nti abhivisiṭṭhāya paññāya jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhijānato</span>ti vipassanāpaññāpubbaṅgamāya maggapaññāya jānato. <span class="bld">Pariññeyya</span>nti dukkhasaccaṃ tīraṇapariññāya, maggapaññāya ca parijānato. <span class="bld">Pahātabba</span>nti samudayasaccaṃ pahānapariññāya, maggapaññāya ca pajahato. <span class="bld">Bhāvayato sacchikaroto bhāvetabbaṃ</span> maggasaccaṃ<a name="V1.0321"></a>, <span class="bld">sacchikātabbaṃ</span> nirodhasaccaṃ. Keci panettha pītiyā eva vasena abhiññeyyādīni uddharanti, taṃ ayuttaṃ jhānādisamudāyaṃ uddharitvā tato pītiyā niddhāraṇassa adhippetattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘‘dīghaṃ assāsavasenā’’tiādinā paṭhamacatukkavasena ārammaṇato pītipaṭisaṃvedanaṃ vuttaṃ, tathā ‘‘āvajjato’’tiādīhi pañcahi padehi. ‘‘Abhiññeyyaṃ abhijānato’’tiādīhi pana asammohato. ‘‘Saddhāya adhimuccato’’tiādīhi ubhayathāpīti saṅkhepato samathavasena ārammaṇato, vipassanāvasena asammohato pītipaṭisaṃvedanaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kasmā panettha vedanānupassanāyaṃ pītisīsena vedanā gahitā, na sarūpato evāti? Bhūmivibhāgādivasena vedanaṃ bhinditvā catudhā vedanānupassanaṃ dassetuṃ. Apica vedanākammaṭṭhānaṃ dassento bhagavā pītiyā oḷārikattā taṃsampayuttasukhaṃ sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ pītisīsena dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eteneva nayena avasesapadānī</span>ti ‘‘sukhapaṭisaṃvedī cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃvedī’’ti padāni pītipaṭisaṃvedipade āgatanayeneva atthato veditabbāni. Sakkā hi ‘‘dvīhākārehi sukhapaṭisaṃveditā hoti, cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃveditā hoti ārammaṇato’’tiādinā pītiṭṭhāne sukhādipadāni pakkhipitvā ‘‘sukhasahagatāni tīṇi jhānāni, cattāri vā jhānāni samāpajjatī’’tiādinā atthaṃ viññātuṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tiṇṇaṃ jhānānaṃ vasenā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Vedanādayo</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saññā gahitā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dve khandhā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vipassanābhūmidassanattha</span>nti pakiṇṇakasaṅkhārasammasanavasena vipassanāya bhūmidassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sukhanti dve sukhānī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ <a name="M1.0341"></a> samathe kāyikasukhābhāvato. <span class="bld">So</span>ti so passambhanapariyāyena vutto nirodho. ‘‘Imassa hi bhikkhuno pubbe apariggahitakāle’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.220) vitthārato kāyasaṅkhāre vutto, tasmā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Tattha kāyasaṅkhāravasena āgato, idha cittasaṅkhāravasenāti ayameva viseso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ cittasaṅkhārassa passambhanaṃ atidesena dassetvā yadaññaṃ imasmiṃ catukke vattabbaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘apicā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pītipade</span>ti ‘‘pītipaṭisaṃvedī’’tiādinā desitakoṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Pītisīsena vedanā vuttā</span>ti pītiapadesena taṃsampayuttā vedanā vuttā, na pītīti adhippāyo. Tattha kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Dvīsu cittasaṅkhārapadesū</span>ti ‘‘cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃvedī passambhayaṃ cittasaṅkhāra’’nti cittasaṅkhārapaṭisaṃyuttesu dvīsu padesu. ‘‘Viññāṇapaccayā <a name="V1.0322"></a> nāmarūpa’’nti (mahāva. 1; ma. ni. 3.126; udā. 1) vacanato cittena paṭibaddhāti <span class="bld">cittapaṭibaddhā</span>. Tato eva kāmaṃ cittena saṅkharīyantīti <span class="bld">cittasaṅkhārā,</span> saññāvedanādayo, idha pana upalakkhaṇamattaṃ saññā vedanāva adhippetāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘saññāsampayuttā vedanā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. Cittapaṭisaṃvedīti ettha dvīhākārehi cittapaṭisaṃveditā hoti ārammaṇato, asammohato ca. Kathaṃ ārammaṇato? Cattāri jhānāni samāpajjati, tassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānapaṭilābhenātiādinā vuttanayānusārena sabbaṃ suviññeyyanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ vasena cittapaṭisaṃveditā veditabbā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ modento</span>ti jhānasampayuttaṃ cittaṃ sampayuttāya pītiyā modayamāno, taṃ vā pītiṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattaṃ vipassanācittaṃ tāya eva ārammaṇabhūtāya pītiyā modayamāno. <span class="bld">Pamodento</span>tiādīni padāni tasseva vevacanāni pītipariyāyabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampayuttāya pītiyā cittaṃ āmodetī</span>ti jhānacittasampayuttāya pītisambojjhaṅgabhūtāya odagyalakkhaṇāya jhānapītiyā tameva jhānacittaṃ sahajātādipaccayavasena ceva jhānapaccayavasena ca paribrūhento haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākāraṃ pāpento āmodeti pamodeti ca. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ katvā</span>ti <a name="M1.0342"></a> uḷāraṃ jhānasampayuttaṃ pītiṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānaṃ vipassanā<span class="bld">cittaṃ</span> tāya eva ārammaṇabhūtāya pītiyā yogāvacaro haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākāraṃ pāpento ‘‘āmodeti pamodetī’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samaṃ ṭhapento</span>ti yathā īsakampi līnapakkhaṃ, uddhaccapakkhañca anupagamma anonataṃ anunnataṃ yathā indriyānaṃ samattapaṭipattiyā avisamaṃ, samādhissa vā ukkaṃsagamanena āneñjappattiyā sammadeva ṭhitaṃ hoti, evaṃ appanāvasena ṭhapento. <span class="bld">Lakkhaṇapaṭivedhenā</span>ti aniccādikassa lakkhaṇassa paṭi paṭi vijjhanena khaṇe khaṇe avabodhena. <span class="bld">Khaṇikacittekaggatā</span>ti khaṇamattaṭṭhitiko samādhi. Sopi hi ārammaṇe nirantaraṃ ekākārena pavattamāno paṭipakkhena anabhibhūto appito viya cittaṃ niccalaṃ ṭhapeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ uppannāyā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mocento</span>ti vikkhambhanavimuttivasena vivecento visuṃ karonto, nīvaraṇāni pajahantoti attho. <span class="bld">Vipassanākkhaṇe</span>ti bhaṅgānupassanākkhaṇe. Bhaṅgo hi nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭi, tasmā <a name="V1.0323"></a> tāya bhaṅgānupassako yogāvacaro cittamukhena sabbasaṅkhāragataṃ aniccato passati, no niccato. Aniccassa dukkhattā, dukkhassa ca anattakattā tadeva dukkhato anupassati, no sukhato. Anattato anupassati, no attato. Yasmā pana yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, na taṃ abhinanditabbaṃ. Yañca na abhinanditabbaṃ, na taṃ rañjitabbaṃ. Tasmā bhaṅgadassanānusārena ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā’’ti saṅkhāragate diṭṭhe tasmiṃ nibbindati, no nandati. Virajjati, no rajjati. So evaṃ nibbindanto virajjanto lokiyeneva tāva ñāṇena rāgaṃ nirodheti, no samudeti, nāssa samudayaṃ karotīti attho. Atha vā so evaṃ viratto yathā diṭṭhaṃ saṅkhāragataṃ, tathā adiṭṭhaṃ attano ñāṇena nirodheti, no samudeti. Nirodhamevassa manasikaroti, no samudayanti attho. So evaṃ paṭipanno paṭinissajjati, no ādiyati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Ayañhi aniccādianupassanā saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilesānaṃ pariccajanato, saṅkhatadosadassanena tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandanato pariccāgapaṭinissaggo pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo cāti vuccati. Tasmā tāya samannāgato yogāvacaro vuttanayena kilese ca pariccajati, nibbāne ca pakkhandati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘so vipassanākkhaṇe aniccānupassanāya niccasaññāto cittaṃ mocento vimocento</span> <a name="M1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">…pe…</span> paṭinissaggānupassanāya ādānato <span class="bld">cittaṃ mocento vimocento assasati ceva passasati cā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha aniccassa, aniccanti vā anupassanā <span class="bld">aniccānupassanā</span>. Tebhūmakadhammānaṃ aniccataṃ gahetvā pavattāya vipassanāya etaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Niccasaññāto</span>ti saṅkhatadhamme ‘‘niccā sassatā’’ti pavattāya micchāsaññāya. Saññāsīsena cittadiṭṭhīnampi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Esa nayo sukhasaññādīsupi. <span class="bld">Nibbidānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhāresu nibbindanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. <span class="bld">Nandito</span>ti sappītikataṇhāto. <span class="bld">Virāgānupassanāyā</span>ti tathā virajjanākārena pavattāya anupassanāya. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘rāgato mocento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nirodhānupassanāyā</span>ti saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhassa anupassanāya. Yathā saṅkhārā nirujjhantiyeva, āyatiṃ punabbhavavasena na uppajjanti, evaṃ vā anupassanā nirodhānupassanā. Muñcitukamyatā hi ayaṃ balappattā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samudayato mocento’’</span>ti. Paṭinissajjanākārena pavattā anupassanā <span class="bld">paṭinissaggānupassanā. Ādānato</span>ti niccādivasena gahaṇato, paṭisandhiggahaṇato vāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236"></a><span class="paranum">236</span>. Aniccanti <a name="V1.0324"></a> anupassī, aniccassa vā anupassanasīlo <span class="bld">aniccānupassī</span>ti ettha kiṃ panetaṃ aniccaṃ, kathaṃ vā aniccaṃ, kā vā aniccānupassanā, kassa vā aniccānupassanāti catukkaṃ vibhāvetabbanti taṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘aniccaṃ veditabba’’</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha niccaṃ nāma dhuvaṃ sassataṃ yathā taṃ nibbānaṃ, na niccanti <span class="bld">aniccaṃ,</span> udayabbayavantaṃ, atthato saṅkhatā dhammāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘aniccanti pañcakkhandhā. Kasmā? Uppādavayaññathattabhāvā’’</span>ti, uppādavayaññathattasabbhāvāti attho. Tattha saṅkhatadhammānaṃ hetupaccayehi uppajjanaṃ ahutvā sambhavo attalābho <span class="bld">uppādo</span>. Uppannānaṃ tesaṃ khaṇanirodho vināso <span class="bld">vayo</span>. Jarāya aññathābhāvo <span class="bld">aññathattaṃ</span>. Yathā hi uppādāvatthāya bhinnāya bhaṅgāvatthāyaṃ vatthubhedo natthi, evaṃ ṭhitisaṅkhātāya bhaṅgābhimukhāvatthāyampi vatthubhedo natthi, yattha jarāvohāro. Tasmā ekassāpi dhammassa jarā yujjati, yā khaṇikajarāti vuccati. Ekaṃsena ca uppādabhaṅgāvatthāsu vatthuno abhedo icchitabbo, aññathā ‘‘añño uppajjati, añño bhijjatī’’ti āpajjeyya<a name="M1.0344"></a>. Tayimaṃ khaṇikajaraṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññathatta’’</span>nti. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ parato kathayissāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yassa lakkhaṇattayassa bhāvā khandhesu aniccasamaññā, tasmiṃ lakkhaṇattaye aniccatāsamaññāti ‘‘aniccatāti tesaṃyeva uppādavayaññathatta’’nti vatvā visesato dhammānaṃ khaṇikanirodhe aniccatāvohāroti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘hutvā abhāvo vā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha uppādapubbakattā abhāvassa hutvāgahaṇaṃ. Tena pākabhāvapubbakattaṃ vināsabhāvassa dasseti. <span class="bld">Tenevākārenā</span>ti nibbattanākāreneva. <span class="bld">Khaṇabhaṅgenā</span>ti khaṇikanirodhena. <span class="bld">Tassā aniccatāyā</span>ti khaṇikabhaṅgasaṅkhātāya aniccatāya. <span class="bld">Tāya anupassanāyā</span>ti yathāvuttāya aniccānupassanāya. <span class="bld">Samannāgato</span>ti samaṅgibhūto yogāvacaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khayo</span> saṅkhārānaṃ vināso, virajjanaṃ tesaṃyeva vilujjanaṃ <span class="bld">virāgo,</span> khayo eva virāgo <span class="bld">khayavirāgo,</span> khaṇikanirodho. Accantamettha etasmiṃ adhigate saṅkhārā virajjanti nirujjhantīti <span class="bld">accantavirāgo,</span> nibbānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khayavirāgo saṅkhārānaṃ khaṇabhaṅgo, accantavirāgo nibbāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tadubhayavasena pavattā</span>ti khayavirāgānupassanāvasena vipassanāya, accantavirāgānupassanāvasena maggassa pavatti yojetabbā. Ārammaṇato vā vipassanāya khayavirāgānupassanāvasena <a name="V1.0325"></a> pavatti, tanninnabhāvato accantavirāgānupassanāvasena, maggassa pana asammohato khayavirāgānupassanāvasena, ārammaṇato accantavirāgānupassanāvasena pavatti veditabbā. <span class="bld">‘‘Eseva nayo’’</span>ti iminā yasmā virāgānupassī-pade vuttanayānusārena ‘‘dve nirodhā khayanirodho ca accantanirodho cā’’ti evamādiatthavaṇṇanaṃ atidisati, tasmā virāgaṭṭhāne nirodhapadaṃ pakkhipitvā ‘‘khayo saṅkhārānaṃ vināso’’tiādinā idha vuttanayena tassa atthavaṇṇanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭinissajjanaṃ pahātabbassa tadaṅgavasena vā samucchedavasena vā pariccajanaṃ <span class="bld">pariccāgapaṭinissaggo</span>. Tathā sabbūpadhīnaṃ paṭinissaggabhūte visaṅkhāre attano nissajjanaṃ, tanninnatāya vā tadārammaṇatāya vā tattha pakkhandanaṃ <span class="bld">pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tadaṅgavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0345"></a> ettha aniccānupassanā tāva tadaṅgappahānavasena niccasaññaṃ pariccajati, pariccajantī ca tathā appavattiyaṃ ye ‘‘nicca’’nti gahaṇavasena kilesā, tammūlakā abhisaṅkhārā, tadubhayamūlakā ca vipākakkhandhā anāgate uppajjeyyuṃ, te sabbepi appavattikaraṇavasena pariccajati, tathā dukkhasaññādayo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipassanā hi tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilese pariccajatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatadosadassanenā</span>ti saṅkhate tebhūmake saṅkhāragate aniccatādidosadassanena. Niccādibhāvena <span class="bld">tabbiparīte. Tanninnatāyā</span>ti tadadhimuttatāya. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatī</span>ti anupavisati anupavisantaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilese pariccajatī</span>ti maggena kilesesu pariccattesu avipākadhammatāpādanena abhisaṅkhārā, tammūlakā ca khandhā anuppattirahabhāvena pariccattā nāma hontīti sabbepi te maggo pariccajatīti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ubhaya</span>nti vipassanāñāṇaṃ, maggañāṇañca. Maggañāṇampi hi gotrabhuñāṇassa anu pacchā nibbānadassanato <span class="bld">‘‘anupassanā’’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Soḷasavatthuvasena cā</span>ti soḷasannaṃ vatthūnaṃ vasenāpi vuccamānasantabhāvādivasenāpīti samuccayattho <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo. ‘‘Ānāpānassati bhāvitā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para237"></a><span class="paranum">237</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti ānāpānassatisamādhissa. Kāmavitakkādivitakkupacchedasamatthatāyapi mahānisaṃsatā <a name="V1.0326"></a> veditabbāti sambandho. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti ānāpānassatisamādhi. Uccāvacesu ārammaṇesu pavattiyeva <span class="bld">ito cito ca cittassa vidhāvanaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjā</span> nāma maggo. <span class="bld">Vimutti</span> phalaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlabhāvo</span> vipassanāya pādakabhāvo. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūreti</span> kāyānupassanādīnaṃ catunnaṃ anupassanānaṃ vasena tassā bhāvanāya pavattanato. <span class="bld">Satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti</span> bojjhaṅgabhāvanāya vinā satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāpāripūriyā abhāvato. <span class="bld">Vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti</span> bojjhaṅgabhāvanāya tāsaṃ sikhāppattibhāvato. <span class="bld">Carimakāna</span>nti antimakānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238"></a><span class="paranum">238</span>. <span class="bld">Nirodhavasenā</span>ti <a name="M1.0346"></a> nirujjhanavasena. <span class="bld">Bhavacarimakā</span>ti bhavavasena carimakā nihīnabhavapavattino. Tathā <span class="bld">jhānacarimakā</span> veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cuticarimakā</span>ti cutiyā carimakā cutikkhaṇapavattino sabbapariyosānakā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti tīsu bhavesu nihīne kāmabhave pavattanato. <span class="bld">Te</span>ti assāsapassāsā. <span class="bld">Purato</span>ti heṭṭhā. Yasmā <span class="bld">vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 26 pakiṇṇakakathā) rūpadhammānaṃ soḷasacittakkhaṇāyukatā vibhāvitā, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘soḷasamena cittena saddhiṃ uppajjitvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cuticittassa purato</span>ti vā cuticittaṃ avadhibhāvena gahetvā tato oraṃ soḷasamena cittena saddhiṃ uppajjitvāti evaṃ pana atthe gayhamāne sattarasacittakkhaṇāyukatāva assāsapassāsānaṃ vuttā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime kira imaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuttassa bhikkhuno pākaṭā hontīti ānetvā sambandho. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘ānāpānārammaṇassa suṭṭhu pariggahitattā’’</span>ti. Tamevatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘cuticittassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">āyuantaraṃ</span> nāma jīvitantaraṃ jīvanakkhaṇāvadhi. <span class="bld">Dhammatāya evā</span>ti sabhāveneva, rucivasenevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Candālokaṃ oloketvā</span>ti juṇhapakkhe padosavelāyaṃ samantato āsiñcamānakhīradhāraṃ viya gaganatalaṃ, rajatapattasadisavālikāsanthatañca bhūmibhāgaṃ disvā ‘‘ramaṇīyo vatāyaṃ kālo, deso ca mama ajjhāsayasadiso, kīva ciraṃ nu kho ayaṃ dukkhabhāro vahitabbo’’ti attano āyusaṅkhāre upadhāretvā parikkhīṇeti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Lekhaṃ katvā</span>ti caṅkame tiriyaṃ lekhaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuyuñjethā</span>ti anuyuñjeyya, bhāveyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upasamānussatikathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para239"></a><span class="paranum">239</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti <a name="V1.0327"></a> yathāvuttena virāgādiguṇānussaraṇappakārena. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhūpasamasaṅkhātassā</span>ti dukkhadukkhādibhedaṃ sabbampi dukkhaṃ upasammati etthāti sabbadukkhūpasamoti saṅkhātabbassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Paññattidhammā’’tiādīsu asabhāvopi ñāṇena dhārīyati avadhārīyatīti dhammoti vuccatīti tato nivattento <span class="bld">‘‘dhammāti sabhāvā’’</span>ti āha<a name="M1.0347"></a>. Bhavanaṃ paramatthato vijjamānatā bhāvo, saha bhāvenāti <span class="bld">sabhāvā,</span> sacchikaṭṭhaparamatthato labbhamānarūpāti attho. Te hi attano sabhāvassa dhāraṇato dhammāti, yathāvuttenaṭṭhena sabhāvāti ca vuccanti. <span class="bld">Saṅgammā</span>ti paccayasamodhānalakkhaṇena saṅgamena sannipatitvā. <span class="bld">Samāgammā</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccayehī</span>ti anurūpehi paccayehi. <span class="bld">Katā</span>ti nibbattitā. <span class="bld">Akatā</span>ti kehicipi paccayehi na katā. <span class="bld">Asaṅkhatā</span>ti bahuvacanassa kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. <span class="bld">Aggamakkhāyatī</span>ti aggo akkhāyati, <span class="bld">ma</span>-kāro padasandhikaro. So asaṅkhatalakkhaṇo sabhāvadhammo <span class="bld">virāgo</span>ti paccetabbo, virajjati ettha saṃkilesadhammoti. Nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattamānena ariyamaggena pahīyamānā mānamadādayo taṃ patvā pahīyanti nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘tamāgamma…pe… vinassantī’’</span>ti. Tattha ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1121; saṃ. ni. 4.108) maññanāvasena pavatto māno eva <span class="bld">mānamado</span>. Purisabhāvaṃ nissāya uppajjanakamado <span class="bld">purisamado. Ādi</span>-saddena jātimadādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Nimmadā</span>ti vigatamadabhāvā. Imameva hi atthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘amadā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Madā nimmadīyanti ettha amadabhāvaṃ vināsaṃ gacchantīti <span class="bld">madanimmadano</span>. Eseva nayo sesapadesupi. <span class="bld">Kāmapipāsā</span>ti kāmānaṃ pātukamyatā, kāmataṇhā. Kāmaguṇā eva āliyanti ettha sattāti <span class="bld">kāmaguṇālayā. Tebhūmakaṃ vaṭṭa</span>nti tīsu bhūmīsu kammakilesavipākavaṭṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Esa</span> asaṅkhatadhammo. <span class="bld">Aparāparabhāvāyā</span>ti aparāparaṃ yoniādito yoniādibhāvāya. <span class="bld">Ābandhanaṃ</span> gaṇṭhikaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃsibbanaṃ</span> tunnakāraṇaṃ. Nikkhamanaṃ, nissaraṇañcassa taṇhāya visaṃyogo evāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘visaṃyutto’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ye guṇe nimittaṃ katvā madanimmadanādināmāni nibbāne niruḷhāni, te madanimmadanatādike yathāvutte nibbattitanibbānaguṇe eva gahetvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘madanimmadanatādīnaṃ guṇānaṃ vasenā’’</span>ti, na pana madā nimmadīyanti etenāti evamādike. Te hi ariyamaggaguṇā<a name="V1.0328"></a>. Bhagavatā upasamaguṇā vuttāti sambandho. Kattha pana vuttāti? <span class="bld">Asaṅkhatasaṃyuttā</span>dīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.366 ādayo). Tattha <span class="bld">sacca</span>nti avitathaṃ. Nibbānaṃ hi kenaci pariyāyena asantabhāvābhāvato ekaṃseneva santattā aviparītaṭṭhena saccaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘ekaṃ hi saccaṃ, na dutiyamatthī’’ti <a name="M1.0348"></a> (su. ni. 890). <span class="bld">Pāra</span>nti saṃsārassa paratīrabhūtaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘tiṇṇo pāraṅgato thale tiṭṭhati brāhmaṇo’’ti (itivu. 69), ‘‘appakā te manussesu, ye janā pāragāmino’’ti (dha. pa. 85) ca. <span class="bld">Sududdasa</span>nti paramagambhīratāya, atisukhumasantasabhāvatāya ca anupacitañāṇasambhārehi daṭṭhuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya suṭṭhu duddasaṃ. Natthi ettha jarā, etasmiṃ vā adhigate puggalassa jarābhāvoti <span class="bld">ajaraṃ</span>. Tato eva jarādīhi apalokiyatāya thiraṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhuvaṃ</span>. Taṇhādipapañcābhāvato <span class="bld">nippapañcaṃ</span>. Natthi ettha matanti <span class="bld">amataṃ</span>. Asivabhāvakarānaṃ saṃkilesadhammānaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">sivaṃ</span>. Catūhi yogehi anupaddutattā <span class="bld">khemaṃ</span>. Visaṅkhārabhāvena acchariyatāya, abhūtapubbatāya ca <span class="bld">abbhutaṃ</span>. Sabbāsaṃ ītīnaṃ anatthānaṃ abhāvena <span class="bld">anītikaṃ</span>. Niddukkhatāya <span class="bld">abyābajjhaṃ</span>. Sabbasaṃkilesamalato accantasuddhiyā visesato suddhīti <span class="bld">visuddhi</span>. Catūhipi oghehi anajjhottharaṇīyatāya <span class="bld">dīpaṃ</span>. Sakalavaṭṭadukkhato paripālanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">tāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Saccañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmī’’tiādikā pāḷi saṃkhittāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena anantaanāsavanipuṇaajajjaraapalokitaanidassanapaṇītaacchariyaanītikadhammamuttileṇaparāyaṇagambhīrādivacanehi ca bodhitā idha avuttā guṇā saṅgayhanti, tattha natthi etassa uppādanto vā vayanto vāti <span class="bld">ananto,</span> asaṅkhatadhammo. Āsavānaṃ anārammaṇatāya <span class="bld">anāsavo</span>. Nipuṇañāṇagocaratāya <span class="bld">nipuṇo</span>. Saṅkhatadhammo viya jarāya ajajjaritatāya <span class="bld">ajajjaro</span>. Byādhiādīhi apalokiyatāya <span class="bld">apalokitaṃ</span>. Acakkhuviññāṇaviññeyyatāya <span class="bld">anidassano</span>. Atittikaraṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇīto</span>. Apacuratāya <span class="bld">acchariyo</span>. Ītīhi anabhibhavanīyasabhāvattā, anītikabhāvahetuto ca <span class="bld">anītikadhammo</span>. Vaṭṭadukkhamuttinimittatāya <span class="bld">mutti</span>. Saṃsāraṃ bhayato passantehi nilīyanīyato <span class="bld">leṇaṃ</span>. Tesaṃyeva parā gatīti <span class="bld">parāyaṇo</span>. Pakatiñāṇena aladdhapatiṭṭhatāya agādhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">gambhīro</span>. Katapuññehipi dukkhena kicchena anubujjhitabbato <span class="bld">duranubodho</span>. Sacchikiriyaṃ muñcitvā na takkañāṇena avacaritabboti <span class="bld">atakkāvacaro</span><a name="M1.0349"></a>. Buddhādīhi paṇḍiteheva veditabbato adhigantabbato <span class="bld">paṇḍitavedanīyo</span>ti evamattho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyasāvakasseva</span> <a name="V1.0329"></a> <span class="bld">ijjhati</span> sacchikiriyābhisamayavasena nibbānaguṇānaṃ pākaṭabhāvato. Aṭṭhāne cāyaṃ <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddo vutto, ijjhati evāti yojanā. Sukhasiddhivasena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ariyasāvakassevā’’</span>ti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ santepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Upasamagarukenā</span>ti nibbānaninnena. <span class="bld">Manasi kātabbā</span> yathāvuttā upasamaguṇā. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ supatī</span>tiādīsu vattabbaṃ mettākathāyaṃ āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Paṇītādhimuttiko</span> hoti nibbānādhimuttattā.</p>
<p class="centered">Anussatikammaṭṭhānaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti aṭṭhamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">9. Brahmavihāraniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Mettābhāvanākathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para240"></a><span class="paranum">240</span>. <span class="bld">Mettaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0350"></a><a name="V1.0330"></a> brahmavihāraṃ. <span class="bld">Bhāvetukāmenā</span>ti uppādetukāmena paccavekkhitabboti sambandho. <span class="bld">Sukhanisinnenā</span>ti visamaṃ anisīditvā pallaṅkābhujanena sukhanisinnena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kasmā</span>ti paccavekkhaṇāya kāraṇapucchā, aññaṃ adhigantukāmena aññattha ādīnavānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇā kimatthiyāti adhippāyo. Mettā nāma atthato adoso. Tathā hi <span class="bld">adosaniddese</span> ‘‘metti mettāyanā mettāyitatta’’nti (dha. sa. 1062) niddiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Khantī</span>ti ca idha adhivāsanakkhanti adhippetā. Sā pana atthato adosappadhānā cattāro arūpakkhandhāti mettāya sijjhamānāya titikkhākhanti siddhā eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘khanti adhigantabbā’’</span>ti. Tena khantiyaṃ ānisaṃsapaccavekkhaṇā satthikāvāti dasseti. <span class="bld">Abhibhūto</span> pariyuṭṭhānena. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnacitto</span> kusaluppattiyā okāsālābhena. <span class="bld">Ādīnavo daṭṭhabbo</span> pāṇaghātādivasena diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikādianatthamūlabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khantī paramaṃ tapo</span>ti parāpakārasahanādikā titikkhalakkhaṇā khanti uttamaṃ tapo akattabbākaraṇakattabbakaraṇalakkhaṇāya sammāpaṭipattiyā mūlabhāvato. <span class="bld">Khantibalaṃ balānīka</span>nti paramaṃ maṅgalabhūtā khanti eva balaṃ etassāti khantibalaṃ. Vuttañhi ‘‘khantibalā samaṇabrāhmaṇā’’ti. Dosādipaṭipakkhavidhamanasamatthatāya anīkabhūtena teneva ca khantibalena balānīkaṃ. <span class="bld">Khantyā bhiyyo na vijjatī</span>ti attano paresañca anatthapaṭibāhano, atthāvaho ca khantito uttari apassayo natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivecanatthāyā</span>ti vikkhambhanatthāya. <span class="bld">Khantiyā saṃyojanatthāya</span> attānanti adhippāyo. Bhāvanaṃ <a name="V1.0331"></a> dūsentīti dosā, puggalāyeva dosā <span class="bld">puggaladosā</span>. Yesu bhāvanā na sampajjati, aññadatthu vipajjateva, te eva <a name="M1.0351"></a> vuttā. <span class="bld">Paṭhama</span>nti vakkhamānena koṭṭhāsato koṭṭhāsantarupasaṃharaṇanayena vinā sabbapaṭhamaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Piyāyitabbo piyo, tappaṭipakkho <span class="bld">appiyo</span>. So saṅkhepato duvidho atthassa akārako, anatthassa kārakoti. Tattha yo attano, piyassa ca anatthassa kārako, so veripuggalo daṭṭhabbo. Yo pana attano, piyassa ca atthassa akārako, appiyassa ca atthassa kārako, ‘‘atthaṃ me nācarī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1237), ‘‘appiyassa me amanāpassa atthaṃ acarī’’tiādinā ca āghātavatthubhūto, so <span class="bld">appiyo,</span> ananukūlavuttiko aniṭṭhoti attho. <span class="bld">Liṅgavisabhāge</span>ti itthiliṅgādinā liṅgena visadise. <span class="bld">Odhiso</span>ti bhāgaso. ‘‘Tissa dattā’’tiādinā odhisakanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvuttesu chasu puggalesu abhāvetabbatāya kāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘appiyaṃ hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">appiyaṃ hi piyaṭṭhāne ṭhapento kilamatī</span>ti dosena bhāvanāya saparissayatamāha. Appiyatā hi piyabhāvassa ujupaṭipakkhā, na ca tassa piyaṭṭhāne ṭhapanena vinā bhāvanā sijjhati. <span class="bld">Atippiyasahāyakaṃ majjhattaṭṭhāne ṭhapento kilamatī</span>ti rāgena bhāvanāya saparissayatamāha atippiyasahāyassa gehassitapemaṭṭhānabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘appamattakepī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Majjhattaṃ</span> iṭṭhāniṭṭhatāhi majjhasabhāvaṃ neva piyaṃ nāppiyanti attho. <span class="bld">Garuṭṭhāne piyaṭṭhāne ca ṭhapento kilamati</span> majjhatte sambhāvanīyapiyāyitabbatānaṃ abhāvā. Na hi ajjhupekkhitabbe bhāvanīyatā, manāpatā vā paccupaṭṭhāti, piyagarubhāvasampanne ca paṭhamaṃ mettā bhāvetabbā. <span class="bld">Kodho uppajjati</span> koṭṭhāsantarabhāvānupanayanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tamevā</span>ti visabhāgaliṅgameva. Liṅgasabhāgeti avisesetvā <span class="bld">‘‘piyapuggale’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Bhittiyuddhamakāsī</span>ti sīlaṃ adhiṭṭhāya pihitadvāre gabbhe sayanapīṭhe nisīditvā mettaṃ bhāvento mettāmukhena uppannarāgena andhīkato bhariyāya santikaṃ gantukāmo dvāraṃ asallakkhetvā bhittiṃ bhinditvāpi nikkhamitukāmatāya bhittiṃ pahari. Tenāha <a name="M1.0352"></a> ‘‘mettāyanāmukhena rāgo vañcetī’’ti (netti. aṭṭha. 21), ‘‘andhatamaṃ tadā hoti, yaṃ rāgo sahate nara’’nti ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ādānanikkhepaparicchinne <a name="V1.0332"></a> addhāpaccuppannabhūte dharamānatāya paccakkhato viya upalabbhamāne khandhappabandhe idha sattādiggahaṇaṃ, na tiyaddhagateti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kālakate panā’’</span>tiādi. Kasmā pana kālakate mettābhāvanā na ijjhatīti? Mettābyāpārassa ayogyaṭṭhānabhāvato. Na hi matapuggalo hitūpasaṃhārāraho. Yattha sati sambhave payogato hitūpasaṃhāro labbheyya, tattheva mānaso hitūpasaṃhāro yujjeyya. Dukkhāpanayanamodappavattīsupi eseva nayoti karuṇābhāvanādīnampi kālakate anijjhanaṃ vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Aññattha paguṇamettājhāno ācariyassa kālakatabhāvaṃ ajānanto taṃ mettāya pharitukāmo <span class="bld">‘‘ācariyaṃ ārabbha mettaṃ ārabhatī’’</span>ti vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘paguṇāva me mettājhānasamāpattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti ārammaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Gavesāhī</span>ti ‘‘yaṃ puggalaṃ uddissamettaṃ ārabhasi, so jīvati na jīvatī’’ti jānāhīti attho. <span class="bld">Mettāyanto</span>ti mettaṃ karonto, mettaṃ bhāventoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para241"></a><span class="paranum">241</span>. Attani bhāvanā nāma sakkhibhāvatthāti nānāvidhasukhānubandhaanavajjasukhaabyāsekasukhādi yaṃ attani upalabbhati, taṃ nidassento tassa vattamānatāya āha <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ sukhito homī’’</span>ti. Sarīrasukhaṃ nāma anekantikaṃ, īdisassa puggalassa anokāsaṃ cittadukkhanti tadabhāvaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘niddukkhoti vā’’</span>ti. Homīti sambandho. Tathā <span class="bld">avero</span>tiādīsu, visesato ca dukkhābhāve sukhasaññā. Sā panāyaṃ niddukkhatā verīnaṃ puggalānaṃ verasaññitānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ abhāvato, visesato byāpādavirahato īghasaññitāya ītiyā abhāvato, anavajjakāyikasukhasamaṅgitāya ca hotīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘avero abyāpajjo anīgho sukhī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Attānaṃ pariharāmī</span>ti evaṃbhūto hutvā mama attabhāvaṃ pavattemi, yāpemīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sante yaṃ vibhaṅge vuttaṃ, taṃ virujjhatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ sati, yadi attanipi mettā bhāvetabbāti attho. ‘‘Yaṃ vibhaṅge vutta’’nti vatvā <a name="M1.0353"></a> vibhaṅgadesanāya samānagatikaṃ suttapadaṃ āharanto <span class="bld">‘‘kathañca bhikkhū’’</span>tiādimāha. Tassattho parato āgamissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ta</span>nti vibhaṅgādīsu vacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Appanāvasenā</span>ti appanāvahabhāvanāvasena. <span class="bld">Ida</span>nti ‘‘ahaṃ sukhito homī’’tiādivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakkhibhāvavasenā</span>ti ahaṃ viya sabbe sattā attano sukhakāmā, tasmā tesu mayā attani viya sukhūpasaṃhāro kātabboti evaṃ tattha attānaṃ sakkhibhāve <a name="V1.0333"></a> ṭhapanavasena. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sacepi hī’’</span>tiādi. Kasmā pana attani bhāvanā appanāvahā na hotīti? Attasinehavasena saparissayabhāvato. Koṭṭhāsantare pana bhāvitabhāvanassa tatthāpi sīmasambhedo hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbā disā</span>ti anavasesā dasapi disā. <span class="bld">Anuparigamma cetasā</span>ti cittena pariyesanavasena anugantvā. <span class="bld">Nevajjhagā piyataramattanā kvacī</span>ti sabbussāhena pariyesanto atisayena attato piyataraṃ aññaṃ sattaṃ katthaci disāya neva adhigaccheyya na passeyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ piyo puthu attā paresa</span>nti evaṃ kassaci attato piyatarassa anupalabbhanavasena puthu visuṃ visuṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ attā piyo. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span> tena kāraṇena, <span class="bld">attakāmo</span> attano hitasukhaṃ icchanto, <span class="bld">paraṃ</span> sattaṃ antamaso kunthakipillikampi, <span class="bld">na hiṃse</span> na haneyya, na viheṭheyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ nayo</span>ti sabbehi sattehi, attano ca piyatarabhāvaṃ nidassetvā tesu karuṇāyanaṃ vadatā bhagavatā sukhesitāya ‘‘attānaṃ sakkhibhāve ṭhapetvā sattesu mettā bhāvetabbā’’ti mettābhāvanāya nayadassanaṃ katamevāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para242"></a><span class="paranum">242</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhapavattanattha</span>nti sukhena akicchena mettāya pavattanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Yvāssā</span>ti yo puggalo assa yogino. <span class="bld">Piyo</span>ti iṭṭho. <span class="bld">Manāpo</span>ti manavaḍḍhanako. <span class="bld">Garū</span>ti guṇavisesavasena garukātabbo. <span class="bld">Bhāvanīyo</span>ti sambhāvetabbo. <span class="bld">Ācariyamatto</span>ti sīlādinā ācariyappamāṇo. <span class="bld">Piyavacanādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena atthacariyādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sīlasutādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena saddhādike, dhutadhammajāgariyānuyogādike ca saṅgaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāma</span>nti <a name="M1.0354"></a> yuttappattakāritāsukhasiddhidīpanoyaṃ nipāto. Tenetaṃ dīpeti – tādisaṃ puggalaṃ uddissa bhāvanaṃ ārabhanto yogī yuttappattakārī, sukhena cassa tattha bhāvanā ijjhati, tena pana yoginā tāvatā santoso na kātabboti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘appanā sampajjatī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Sīmāsambheda</span>nti mariyādāpanayanaṃ, attā piyo majjhatto verīti vibhāgākaraṇanti attho. <span class="bld">Tadanantara</span>nti tato piyamanāpagarubhāvanīyato, tattha vā mettādhigamato anantaraṃ. Atippiyasahāyake mettā bhāvetabbāti sambandho, garuṭṭhānīye paṭiladdhaṃ mettāmanasikāraṃ atippiyasahāyake upasaṃharitabbanti attho. Sukhūpasaṃhārakatassa taṃ hoti pageva paṭipakkhadhammānaṃ <a name="V1.0334"></a> vikkhambhitattā. Atippiyasahāyakato anantaraṃ majjhatte mettā bhāvetabbā majjhattaṃ piyagaruṭṭhāne ṭhapetuṃ sukarabhāvato. ‘‘Atippiyasahāyakato’’ti ca idaṃ purimāvatthaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. Paguṇamanasikārādhigamato paṭṭhāya hissa sopi piyaṭṭhāne eva tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Majjhattato verīpuggale</span>ti majjhattapuggale mettāyantena tattha paguṇamanasikārādhigamena piyabhāvaṃ upasaṃharitvā tadanantaraṃ verīpuggalaṃ bhāvanāya majjhatte ṭhapetvā tato majjhattato piyabhāvūpasaṃhārena verīpuggale <span class="bld">mettā bhāvetabbā</span>. ‘‘Verīpuggale’’ti ca idaṃ purimāvatthaṃ gahetvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse muduṃ kammaniyaṃ cittaṃ katvā</span>ti piyagaruṭṭhānīyo, atippiyo, majjhatto, verīti catūsu puggalakoṭṭhāsesu paṭhamaṃ tāva piyagaruṭṭhānīye mettābhāvanaṃ adhigantvā vasībhāvappattiyā tathāpavattaṃ cittaṃ koṭṭhāsantarūpasaṃhāratthaṃ muduṃ kammaniyaṃ katvā tadanantaraṃ atippiyasahāye atippiyabhāvaṃ vikkhambhetvā piyabhāvamatte cittaṃ ṭhapentena bhāvanā upasaṃharitabbā, tampi vasībhāvāpādanena muduṃ kammaniyaṃ katvā tadanantaraṃ majjhatte udāsinabhāvaṃ vikkhambhetvā piyabhāvaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā bhāvanā upasaṃharitabbā, puna tampi vasībhāvāpādanena muduṃ kammaniyaṃ katvā tadanantaraṃ verimhi verīsaññaṃ vikkhambhetvā majjhattabhāvūpaṭṭhapanamukhena piyabhāvaṃ uppādentena bhāvanā upasaṃharitabbā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tadanantare tadanantare upasaṃharitabba’’</span>nti, jhānacittaṃ upanetabbaṃ uppādetabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Verīpuggalo vā natthi</span> kammabalena vā etarahi payogasampattiyā vā sabbaso anatthakarassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Mahāpurisajātikattā</span>ti mahāpurisasabhāvattā <a name="M1.0355"></a> cirakālaparicayasamiddhakhantimettānuddayādiguṇasampannatāya uḷārajjhāsayattāti attho. Tādiso hi sabbasaho parāparādhaṃ tiṇāyapi na maññati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘anatthaṃ karontepi pare verīsaññāva nuppajjatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti tena yoginā. Atthi verīpuggaloti sambandho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para243"></a><span class="paranum">243</span>. <span class="bld">Purimapuggalesū</span>ti piyādīsu jhānassa ārammaṇabhūtesu purimesu puggalesu. <span class="bld">Mettaṃ samāpajjitvā</span>ti paṭighaṃ vikkhambhetvā uppāditaṃ mettājhānaṃ samāpajjitvā. <span class="bld">Mettāyantena paṭighaṃ paṭivinodetabba</span>nti ettha keci pana ‘‘upacārajjhānaṃ sampādetvā’’ti atthaṃ vadanti, tesaṃ upacārajjhānato vuṭṭhānampi icchitabbaṃ siyā ‘‘vuṭṭhahitvā’’ti vuttattā. Pubbe tasmiṃ puggale asatiyā amanasikārena paṭighaṃ anuppādentassa sādhāraṇato taṃ vikkhambhetvā jhānassa uppādanaṃ, samāpajjanañca vuttaṃ. Idāni pana taṃ anussarantassapi manasi karontassapi yathā paṭighaṃ <a name="V1.0335"></a> na uppajjati, taṃ vidhiṃ dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ puggalaṃ mettāyantena paṭighaṃ vinodetabba’’</span>nti. Mettāyanameva hi idha paṭighavinodanaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nibbātī</span>ti na vūpasammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anusārato</span>ti anugamanato, paccavekkhaṇatoti attho. <span class="bld">Ghaṭitabba</span>nti vāyamitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tañca kho</span> ghaṭanaṃ vāyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Iminā</span> idāni vakkhamānena ākārena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ubhato dvīsu ṭhānesu daṇḍo etassāti <span class="bld">ubhatodaṇḍakaṃ,</span> tena. <span class="bld">Ocarakā</span> lāmakācārā pāpapurisā. <span class="bld">Tatrāpī</span>ti tesupi aṅgamaṅgāni okkantesupi. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti manopadosena. <span class="bld">Na sāsanakaro</span>. Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṃ hi sāsanaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassevā</span>ti tatopi. Nissakke hi idaṃ sāmivacanaṃ, samuccaye ca <span class="bld">eva</span>-saddo, paṭhamaṃ kuddhapurisatopīti attho. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti kujjhanena. <span class="bld">Pāpiyo</span>ti pāpataro. Sārambhādikassa kilesānubandhassa vatthubhāvato kodhassa sāvajjataṃ ñatvāpi kujjhanato sace kodhe anavajjasaññī kuddhassa puggalassa na paṭikujjheyyāti keci. <span class="bld">Ubhinna</span>nti dvinnaṃ puggalānaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano ca parassa cā’’</span>ti. Atha vā <span class="bld">ubhinna</span>nti ubhayesaṃ lokānaṃ, idhalokaparalokānanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sapattakantā</span>ti <a name="M1.0356"></a> paṭisattūhi icchitā. <span class="bld">Sapattakaraṇā</span>ti tehi kātabbā. <span class="bld">Kodhana</span>nti kujjhanasīlaṃ. <span class="bld">Kodhanāya</span>nti kodhano ayaṃ, <span class="bld">aya</span>nti ca nipātamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kodhapareto</span>ti kodhena anugato, parābhibhūto vā. <span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇova hotī</span>ti pakatiyā vaṇṇavāpi alaṅkatapaṭiyattopi mukhavikārādivasena virūpo eva hoti etarahi, āyatiṃ cāti. Kodhābhibhavassa ekantikamidaṃ phalanti dīpetuṃ ‘‘dubbaṇṇo vā’’ti avadhāraṇaṃ katvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘kodhābhibhūto’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na pacurattho</span>ti na pahūtadhano. <span class="bld">Na bhogavā</span>ti upabhogaparibhogavatthurahito. <span class="bld">Na yasavā</span>ti na kittimā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chavālāta</span>nti chavadahanālātaṃ, citakāyaṃ santajjanummukkantipi vadanti. <span class="bld">Ubhatopaditta</span>nti ubhosu koṭīsu daḍḍhaṃ. <span class="bld">Majjhe gūthagata</span>nti vemajjhaṭṭhāne sunakhassa vā siṅgālassa vā uhadena gūthena makkhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Kaṭṭhattha</span>nti dārukiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Neva pharati</span> na sādheti. <span class="bld">Tathūpamāha</span>nti tathūpamaṃ tādisaṃ ahaṃ. <span class="bld">Ima</span>nti ‘‘so ca hoti abhijjhālū’’tiādinā (itivu. 92) heṭṭhā vuttaṃ sandhāya satthā <a name="V1.0336"></a> vadati, tasmā kāmesu tibbasārāgatādinā sīlarahitanti adhippāyo. Idha pana byāpannacittaṃ paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappatāvasena yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So dāni tva</span>ntiādi yathāvuttehi suttapadehi attano ovadanākāradassanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para244"></a><span class="paranum">244</span>. <span class="bld">Yo yo dhammo</span>ti kāyasamācārādīsu yo yo sucaritadhammo. <span class="bld">Vūpasanto</span>ti saṃyato. <span class="bld">Parisuddho</span>ti kilesamalavigamena visuddho. Kilesadāhābhāvena vā upasanto, anavajjabhāvena parisuddho, kāyasamācārasseva upasamo cirakālaṃ saṃyatakāyakammatāya veditabbo. Evaṃ sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te</span>ti vacīmanosamācāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">So</span>ti upasantavacīsamācāro puggalo. <span class="bld">Paṭisanthārakusalo</span>ti yathā parehi chiddaṃ na hoti, evaṃ paṭisantharaṇe kusalo. <span class="bld">Sakhilo</span>ti adhivāsanakhantisaṅkhātena <a name="M1.0357"></a> sakhilabhāvena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sukhasambhāso</span>ti piyakatho. <span class="bld">Sammodako</span>ti sammodanīyakathāya sammodanasīlo. <span class="bld">Uttānamukho</span>ti vikuṇitamukho ahutvā pītisomanassavasena vikasitamukho. <span class="bld">Pubbabhāsī</span>ti yena kenaci samāgato paṭisanthāravasena paṭhamaṃyeva ābhāsanasīlo. <span class="bld">Madhurena sarena dhammaṃ osāreti</span> sarabhaññavasena. Sarabhāṇaṃ pana karonto <span class="bld">parimaṇḍalehi</span> paripuṇṇehi padehi ca byañjanehi ca abyākulehi dhammakathaṃ katheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbajanassa pākaṭo</span> sakkaccakiriyāyāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo hī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Okappetvā</span>ti saddahitvā. Okappanalakkhaṇā hi saddhā. <span class="bld">Ohitasoto</span>ti avahitasoto, sussusantoti attho. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhiṃkatvā</span> atthaṃ katvā, atthiko vā hutvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ekopi na vūpasanto hotī’’</span>ti pāṭho, evarūpo puggalo nirayato nirayaṃ upapajjanto bahukālaṃ tattheva saṃsaratīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘aṭṭhamahānirayasoḷasaussadanirayaparipūrako bhavissatī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha sañjīvādayo aṭṭha mahānirayā. Avīcimahānirayassa dvāre dvāre cattāro cattāro katvā kukkuḷādayo soḷasa ussadanirayā. <span class="bld">Kāruññaṃ upaṭṭhapetabbaṃ</span> mahādukkhabhāgibhāvato. Yasmiṃ <a name="V1.0337"></a> puggale avihesābhūtā dukkhāpanayanakāmatā upatiṭṭhati, tattha paṭigho anokāsovāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāruññampi paṭicca āghāto vūpasammatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imassa ca atthassā</span>ti ‘‘yo yo dhammo’’tiādinā vuttassa atthassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para245"></a><span class="paranum">245</span>. Yaṃ verī dukkhāpetuṃ sakkoti, so tassa vasena <span class="bld">‘‘attano visaye’’</span>ti vutto bhikkhuno kāyo. <span class="bld">Ki</span>nti kiṃ kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti verino. <span class="bld">Avisaye</span>ti dukkhaṃ uppādetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya agocare. <span class="bld">Sacitte</span>ti attano citte. <span class="bld">Mahānatthakara</span>nti idhalokatthaparalokatthaparamatthānaṃ virādhanavasena mahato vipulassa, nānāvidhassa ca diṭṭhadhammikādibhedassa anatthassa kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mūlanikantana</span>nti sīlassa mūlāni nāma hirottappakhantimettānuddayā, tesaṃ chindanaṃ. Kodho hi uppajjamānova pāṇātipātādivasena hirottappādīni ucchindati. <span class="bld">Jaḷo</span>ti andhabālo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anariyaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0358"></a> <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti verinā katamahāparādhamāha. <span class="bld">Yo saya</span>nti yo tvaṃ sayampi. <span class="bld">Dosetukāmo</span>ti kodhaṃ uppādetukāmo. <span class="bld">Yadi kari</span> yadi akāsi. <span class="bld">Dosuppādenā</span>ti dosassa uppādanena. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ tassa ca nāmā</span>ti dukkhañca nāma tassa aparādhakassa. <span class="bld">Nāmā</span>ti asambhāvane nipāto, tena tassa kāraṇaṃ anekantikanti dasseti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāhasi vā na vā’’</span>ti, karissasi na vā karissasīti attho. <span class="bld">Ahitaṃ magga</span>nti attano ahitāvahaṃ duggatimaggaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhāne</span>ti doso tava appiyassa kārāpako, sattu pana tassa vasavattitāya dāsasadisoti aṭṭhānaṃ paccāpakiriyāya. Tasmā <span class="bld">tameva dosaṃ chindassu</span> ucchinda. <span class="bld">Khaṇikattā</span>ti udayavayaparicchinno attano pavattikālasaṅkhāto khaṇo etesaṃ atthīti khaṇikā, tabbhāvato khaṇapabhaṅgubhāvatoti attho. <span class="bld">Kassa dānīdha kujjhasī</span>ti aparādhakassa santāne yehi khandhehi te aparādho kato, te taṃkhaṇaṃyeva sabbaso niruddhā. Idāni pana aññe tiṭṭhantīti kassa tvaṃ idha kujjhasi. Na hi yuttaṃ anaparādhesu kujjhananti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Taṃ vinā kassa so kare</span>ti yo puggalo yassa dukkhaṃ karoti, taṃ dukkhakiriyāya visayabhūtaṃ puggalaṃ vinā kassa nāma so dukkhakārako dukkhaṃ kare kareyya. <span class="bld">Sayampi dukkhahetu tvamitī</span>ti evaṃ sayampi tvaṃ etassa dukkhassa <a name="V1.0338"></a> hetu, evaṃ samāne tassa tuyhañca tassa dukkhassa hetubhāve <span class="bld">kiṃ</span> kāraṇā <span class="bld">tassa kujjhasi</span> na tuyhanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para246"></a><span class="paranum">246</span>. Paralokepi anugāmibhāvato kammaṃyeva sakaṃ santakaṃ etesanti kammassakā, tesaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">kammassakatā</span>. Paccavekkhaṇā nāma nisedhanatthā, nisedhanañca bhāvino kammassāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kammaṃ karissasī’’</span>ti. Paṭighavasena pana pavattakammaṃ pākaṭabhāvato āsannaṃ, paccakkhañcāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idañcā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ca</span>-saddo byatireke, so tassa kammassa phalanissandena <span class="bld">‘‘neva sammāsambodhi’’</span>ntiādinā byatirekato vuccamānamevatthaṃ joteti. Neva samatthanti sambandho. Niraye niyuttaṃ, jātanti vā <span class="bld">nerayikaṃ. Attānaṃyeva okirati</span> dosarajenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para247"></a><span class="paranum">247</span>. <span class="bld">Satthu</span> <a name="M1.0359"></a> <span class="bld">pubbacariyaguṇā</span> paccavekkhitabbā, satthu gāravenāpi paṭighaṃ vūpasameyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bodhisattopi samāno</span> nanu te satthā cittaṃ nappadūsesi, pageva abhisambuddhoti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Deviyā paduṭṭhenā</span>ti deviyā saddhiṃ padubbhinā micchācāravasena aparaddhena. Yattha susāne chavasarīraṃ chaḍḍīyati, taṃ <span class="bld">āmakasusānaṃ. Nikhaññamāno</span>ti nikhaṇiyamāno. <span class="bld">Purisakāraṃ katvā</span>ti āvāṭato nikkhamanatthāya bāhubalena purisakāraṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Yakkhānubhāvenā</span>ti aḍḍavinicchayena ārādhitacittassa yakkhassa ānubhāvena. <span class="bld">Sirigabbha</span>nti vāsāgāre.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āsīsethevā</span>ti yathādhippete atthe ñāyato anavajjato āsaṃ kareyya. <span class="bld">Na nibbindeyyā</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ kicchāpannassa me kuto sotthibhāvo’’ti na nibbindeyya. Vuttañhi ‘‘āpadāsu kho, mahārāja, thāmo veditabbo’’ti (udā. 53). <span class="bld">Yathā icchi</span>nti yena pakārena kassaci pīḷaṃ akatvā rajje patiṭṭhitaṃ attānaṃ icchiṃ, <span class="bld">tathā ahaṃ ahu</span>nti <span class="bld">passāmi. Vo</span>ti hi nipātamattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāsiraññā</span>ti kalābunā kāsirājena. <span class="bld">Sakaṇṭakāhī</span>ti ayakaṇṭakehi sakaṇṭakāhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahallako</span>ti vuddho vayoanuppatto. <span class="bld">Rujjhantī</span>ti nirujjhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittapariggaṇhanakālo</span>ti <a name="V1.0339"></a> visevanaṃ kātuṃ adatvā cittassa sammadeva damanakālo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puthusallenā</span>ti vipulena sallena. <span class="bld">Nāgo</span>ti hatthināgo. <span class="bld">Vadhī</span>ti vijjhi, māresīti vā attho. Imaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgantvā mayi evaṃ karaṇaṃ nāma na tava vasena hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">kassa vā</span> rañño, rājamattassa vā <span class="bld">ayaṃ payogo</span> uyyojanāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chabbaṇṇarasmī</span>ti nīlapītalohitādivasena chabbaṇṇamayūkhā. Chabbaṇṇakiraṇavantadantatāya hi te hatthī ‘‘chaddantā’’ti vuccanti, na chaddantavantatāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chāto</span>ti jighacchito. <span class="bld">Khādeyyā</span>ti khādeyyaṃ, ayameva vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Āhito</span>ti <a name="M1.0360"></a> suhito. <span class="bld">Sambala</span>nti maggāhāraṃ. Taṃ pana yasmā upacārena pathassa hitanti vuccati, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘pātheyya’’</span>ntipi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Mittadubbhī vatāyaṃ andhabālo’’ti kāruññena <span class="bld">assupuṇṇehi nettehi taṃ purisaṃ udikkhamāno</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mā ayyosi me bhadante</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">mā</span>ti nipātamattaṃ, <span class="bld">mā</span>ti vā paṭikkhepo, tena upari tena kātabbaṃ vippakāraṃ paṭisedheti. <span class="bld">Ayyo me</span>ti ayyirako tvaṃ mama atithibhāvato. <span class="bld">Bhadante</span>ti piyasamudācāro. <span class="bld">Tvaṃ nāmetādisaṃ karī</span>ti tvampi evarūpaṃ akāsi nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tiracchānabhūtopi pana mahākapi hutvā khemantabhūmiṃ sampāpesīti yojanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Peḷāya pakkhipantepī</span>ti khuddakāya peḷāya pādehi koṭetvā pakkhipantepi. <span class="bld">Maddantepī</span>ti dubbalabhāvakaraṇatthaṃ nānappakārehi maddantepi. <span class="bld">Alampāne</span>ti evaṃnāmake ahituṇḍike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pītaṃ vā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avuttatthavikappe, tena odātamañjiṭṭhādiṃ avuttaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Cittānuvattanto</span>ti cittaṃ anuvattanto. <span class="bld">Homi cintitasannibho</span> evamayaṃ bahulābhaṃ labhatūti. Ānubhāvena pana <span class="bld">thalaṃ kareyya udakaṃ…pe… chārikaṃ kare. Evaṃ</span> pana <span class="bld">yadi cittavasī hessaṃ…pe… uttamattho na sijjhatī</span>ti tadā attanā tattha diṭṭhaṃ ādīnavaṃ dasseti bhagavā. Tattha <span class="bld">uttamattho</span>ti buddhabhāvamāha. <span class="bld">Bhojaputtehī</span>ti luddaputtehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aḷārā</span>ti <a name="V1.0340"></a> yena sayaṃ tadā luddahatthato mocito, taṃ satthavāhaṃ nāmena ālapati. <span class="bld">Atikassā</span>ti nāsāya āvutarajjuṃ ākaḍḍhitvā. <span class="bld">Samparigayhā</span>ti kāḷavettalatādīhi sabbaso pariggahetvā, acchariyāni dussahānaṃ sahanavasenāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ativiya ayuttaṃ appatirūpaṃ</span> paṭighacittuppādanena kenaci appaṭisamakhantiguṇassa satthusāsanāvokkamanappasaṅgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. ‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 2.124; 3.99, 100; 3.5.520; kathā. 75) āgatāni suttapadāni anamataggasaddo, tadattho vā etesanti <span class="bld">anamataggiyāni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ajehi <a name="M1.0361"></a> gamanamaggo <span class="bld">ajapatho</span>. Saṅkū laggāpetvā te ālambitvā gamanamaggo <span class="bld">saṅkupatho. Saṅkū</span>ti aṅkusākārena katadīghadaṇḍo vuccati. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena papātamaggaduggamaggādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ubhatobyūḷhe</span>ti sampahāratthaṃ dvīhipi pakkhehi gāḷhasannāhe. <span class="bld">Aññāni ca dukkarāni karitvā</span> dhanāsāya pabbatavidugganadīviduggādipakkhandanavasenāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Maṃ posesi, upakāraṃ akāsi, tatra nappatirūpaṃ manaṃ padūsetu</span>nti evaṃ cittaṃ uppādetabbanti sambandho. Evaṃ cittuppādanañca etarahi dissamānena puttādīnaṃ posanādinā atītassa anumānato gahaṇavasena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. <span class="bld">Mettāyā</span>ti mettāsaṅkhātāya, mettāsahitāya vā. <span class="bld">Cetovimuttiyā</span>ti cittasamādhāne. <span class="bld">Āsevitāyā</span>ti ādarena sevitāya. <span class="bld">Bhāvitāyā</span>ti vaḍḍhitāya. <span class="bld">Bahulīkatāyā</span>ti punappunaṃ katāya. <span class="bld">Yānīkatāyā</span>ti yuttayānaṃ viya katāya. <span class="bld">Vatthukatāyā</span>ti adhiṭṭhānavatthuṃ viya katāya. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitāyā</span>ti adhiṭṭhitāya. <span class="bld">Paricitāyā</span>ti pariciṇṇāya ciṇṇavasībhāvāya. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhāyā</span>ti suṭṭhu sampāditāya. <span class="bld">Pāṭikaṅkhā</span>ti icchitabbā avassaṃbhāvino. Sesaṃ parato āgamissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para250"></a><span class="paranum">250</span>. <span class="bld">Dhātuvinibbhogo</span>ti sasambhārasaṅkhepādinā dhātūnaṃ vinibbhujanaṃ. Aparādho nāma aparajjhantassa puggalassa rūpadhammamukhena gayhatīti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ kesānaṃ kujjhasī’’</span>tiādi, kesādivinimuttassa aparajjhanakassa puggalassa abhāvato. Idāni nibbattitaparamatthadhammavaseneva <a name="V1.0341"></a> vinibbhogavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Pañcakkhandhe upādāya, dvādasāyatanāni upādāyāti paccekaṃ <span class="bld">upādāya</span>-saddo yojetabbo. <span class="bld">Kodhassa patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ na hotī</span>ti yathā āragge sāsapassa, ākāse ca cittakammassa patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ natthi, evamassa ‘‘verī’’ti parikappite puggale kodhassa patiṭṭhānaṭṭhānaṃ na hoti, kesādīnaṃ akujjhitabbato, tabbinimuttassa ca puggalassa abhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃvibhāgo</span>ti āmisasaṃvibhāgo. <span class="bld">Parassā</span>ti paccatthikassa. <span class="bld">Bhinnājīvo</span>ti aparisuddhājīvo. <span class="bld">Tassevaṃ karoto</span>ti evaṃ saṃvibhāgaṃ karontassa tassa dāyakassa. <span class="bld">Itarassā</span>ti paṭiggāhakassa. <span class="bld">‘‘Mama mātarā</span> <span class="bld">upāsikāya</span> <a name="M1.0362"></a> <span class="bld">dinno’’</span>ti idaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘dhammiyalābho’’</span>ti etassa kāraṇavacanaṃ. Tena pana tassa āgamanasuddhiṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbatthasādhaka</span>nti ‘‘attattho parattho diṭṭhadhammiko attho samparāyiko attho’’ti (mahāni. 69; cūḷani. mogharājamāṇavapucchāniddesa 85; paṭi. ma. 3.5) evamādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ atthānaṃ, hitānaṃ, payojanānañca nipphādakaṃ. <span class="bld">Unnamanti</span> dāyakā. <span class="bld">Namanti</span> paṭiggāhakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para252"></a><span class="paranum">252</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathāvuttehi kakacūpamovādānussaraṇādīhi attano ovadanākārehi. <span class="bld">Vūpasantapaṭighassā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānabalena vinoditāghātassa. <span class="bld">Tasmimpī</span>ti verīpuggalepi. <span class="bld">Verī</span>-gahaṇeneva cettha appiyapuggalassāpi gahaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ verimhi mettāya siddhāya tasmimpi mettāsiddhito, piyato pana atippiyasahāyakassa visuṃ gahaṇaṃ āsannapaccatthikassa dubbinimocayabhāvadassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Mettāvasenā</span>ti mettāyanavasena. <span class="bld">Samacittata</span>nti hitūpasaṃhārena samānacittataṃ. <span class="bld">Sīmāsambhedo</span> sā eva samacittatā. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ puggale</span>ti mettākammaṭṭhānikapuggale. <span class="bld">Nisinne</span>ti bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇe bhummaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hitamajjhatte</span>ti piye, majjhatte ca. <span class="bld">Catubbidhe</span>ti catubbidhe jane, yattha katthacīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nānatta</span>nti piyamajjhattādinānākaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Hitacittova pāṇina</span>nti kevalaṃ sattesu hitacitto evāti pavuccati, na pana ‘‘mettāya nikāmalābhī’’ti vā ‘‘kusalī’’ti vā pavuccati. Kasmā? Yasmā attādīsu passati nānattanti. Kasmā panāyaṃ hitacitto kusalīti na vuccatīti? Sātisayassa kusalassa vasena kusalibhāvassa adhippetattā. Imassa ca <a name="V1.0342"></a> puggalassa mettābhāvanā na visesavatī. Atha vā <span class="bld">na nikāmalābhī mettāya</span> yato attādīsu passati nānattaṃ. <span class="bld">Kusalī</span>ti pavuccati, yasmā hitacittova pāṇinanti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Gāmasīmādayo viya gāmantarādīhi sattasaṅkhāte mettāvisaye bhāvanāya pubbe aññamaññaṃ asaṃkiṇṇamariyādārūpena ṭhitattā attādayo idha sīmā nāmāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catasso sīmāyo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sambhinnā hontī</span>ti ettha vuttaṃ sambhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samaṃ pharati mettāyā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Mahāviseso</span>ti mahanto bhāvanāya viseso atisayo. <span class="bld">Purimena</span> purimato attādinānattadassinā. <span class="bld">Na nāyatī</span>ti na ñāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti <a name="M1.0363"></a> yathā kasiṇakammaṭṭhānādīsu taṃtaṃkasiṇamaṇḍalādipariggahamukhena bhāvanāvasena laddhaṃ uggahanimittaṃ nissāya jhānassa gocarabhāvena paṭibhāganimittaṃ upatiṭṭhati, na evamidha upaṭṭhitaṃ nimittaṃ nāma atthi. Yo panāyaṃ yathāvutto sīmāsambhedo laddho, sveva nimittaṃ viyāti nimittaṃ. Tasmiṃ hi laddhe bhāvanāya sātisayattā nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāneva honti, kilesā sannisinnāva, upacārasamādhinā cittaṃ samāhitameva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nimittañca upacārañca laddhaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tameva nimitta</span>nti sīmāsambhedavasena pavattasamathanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Appakasireneva</span> akiccheneva, pageva paripanthassa visodhitattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ettāvatā</span>ti ettakena bhāvanānuyogena. <span class="bld">Anena</span> yoginā. <span class="bld">Pañcaṅgavippahīna</span>ntiādīnaṃ padānaṃ attho heṭṭhā vutto eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ aññataravasenā’’</span>ti idaṃ vakkhamānāya vikubbanāya tesaṃ sādhāraṇatāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Appanāppattacittasseva</span> na upacāramattalābhino. Paguṇabalavabhāvāpādanena vepullādivisesappattassa odhiso, anodhiso ca disāpharaṇādivasena jhānassa pavijambhanā vikubbanā vividhā kiriyāti katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para254"></a><span class="paranum">254</span>. <span class="bld">Mettāsahagatenā</span>ti uppādato yāva bhaṅgā mettāya saha pavattena saṃsaṭṭhena sampayuttenāti attho. Yasmā pana taṃ vuttanayena mettāya sahagataṃ, tāya ekuppādādividhinā sammadeva āgataṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mettāya samannāgatenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ceto</span>-saddo ‘‘adhicetaso’’tiādīsu (pāci. 153; udā. 37) samādhipariyāyopi hotīti tato visesetuṃ <a name="V1.0343"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘cetasāti cittenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eta</span>nti etaṃ padaṃ. Disodhipariggaho sattodhipariggahamukheneva hotīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekissā disāya paṭhamapariggahitaṃ sattaṃ upādāyā’’</span>ti. Disāsu hi ṭhitasattā disāgahaṇena gahitā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ekadisāpariyāpannasattapharaṇavasena vutta’’</span>nti. Pharaṇañca sārammaṇassa dhammassa attano ārammaṇassa phassanā paccakkhato dassanaṃ gahaṇaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pharitvāti phusitvā ārammaṇaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Brahmavihārādhiṭṭhita</span>nti mettājhānupatthambhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti niyamanaṃ. Taṃ <a name="M1.0364"></a> aniyamāpekkhasambandhībhāvato upamākāraniyamanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti upameyyadassanaṃ, upameyyañca nāma upamaṃ, tena sambandhañca vinā natthīti tadubhayampi dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā puratthimādīsū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tathā dutiya</span>nti ettha pharitvā viharatīti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">tatiyaṃ catuttha</span>nti etthāpi. <span class="bld">Tadanantara</span>nti ca pharaṇāpekkhaṃ anantaraggahaṇaṃ, na pharitabbadisāpekkhaṃ disānaṃ aniddiṭṭharūpattā. Pharaṇānukkamena hi tāsaṃ dutiyāditā, na sarūpato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ kiñci ekaṃ disa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ yathāvuttaṃ catasso, evaṃ uddhaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatīti attho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘eteneva nayenā’’</span>ti. Idampi iti-saddasseva atthadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pāḷiyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. 3.309; 3.230; vibha. 642) <span class="bld">adho tiriya</span>nti ettha pi-saddo luttaniddiṭṭhoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘adhodisampi tiriyaṃ disampī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Eteneva <span class="bld">‘‘dutiya’’</span>ntiādīsupi pi-saddassa luttaniddiṭṭhatā dīpitāti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Evamevā</span>ti idampi iti-saddasseva atthadassanaṃ. Ettha ca <span class="bld">‘‘adho’’</span>ti iminā yathā nirayesu, nāgabhavanādīsu, yattha tattha vā attano heṭṭhimadisāya sattā gayhanti, evaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘uddha’’</span>nti iminā devaloke, yattha tattha vā attano uparimadisāyaṃ sattā gahitāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Majjhattādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena itthipurisaariyānariyadevamanussādike pabhede saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Īsakampi bahi avikkhipamāno</span>ti appakampi kammaṭṭhānato bahi vikkhepaṃ anāpajjanto hitūpasaṃhārato aññathā thokampi avattamāno. <span class="bld">Sabbattatāyā</span>ti vā sabbena attabhāvena yathā sabbabhāvena attani attano attabhāve hitesitā, evaṃ sabbadhi sabbasattesu mettāya pharitvā viharatīti attho. Mettāya vuccamānattā sattavisayo <span class="bld">sabba</span>-saddo, so ca dīghaṃ katvā vutto, tasmā sabbasattakāyasaṅkhātā pajā etassa atthīti sabbāvantoti padatthato dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sabbāvantanti sabbasattavanta’’</span>nti āha. Ettha ca <span class="bld">sabbadhī</span>ti disodhinā, desodhinā ca anodhisopharaṇaṃ vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">sabbattatāya sabbāvanta</span>nti sattodhinā. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘anodhiso dassanattha’’nti<a name="V1.0344"></a>. Ekamevatthaṃ pakārato pariyāyenti ñāpentīti <span class="bld">pariyāyā,</span> vevacanāni. Vipulādisaddā cettha tādisāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vipulenāti evamādipariyāyadassanato’’</span>ti. Pariyāyadassane ca pubbe gahitapadānipi <a name="M1.0365"></a> puna gayhanti, yathā ‘‘saddhā saddahanā’’ti (dha. sa. 12) ettha vuttampi saddhāpadaṃ puna indriyādipariyāyadassane ‘‘saddhā saddhindriya’’nti (dha. sa. 12) vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tathāsaddo vā itisaddo vā na vutto</span>ti ‘‘mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’ti etassa anuvattako tathā-saddo ca iti-saddo ca tesaṃ pharaṇānantarādiṭṭhānaṃ aṭṭhānanti katvā te na vuttāti puna <span class="bld">‘‘mettāsahagatena cetasāti vutta’’</span>nti attho. Vuttassevatthassa puna vacanaṃ nigamananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nigamanavasena vā etaṃ vutta’’</span>nti. Nanu ca samāpanavasena vuttassevatthassa puna vacanaṃ nigamananti? Nāyaṃ doso odhisoanodhisopharaṇānaṃ samāpane eva vuttattā. <span class="bld">Vipulenā</span>ti mahantena, mahattañcassa asubhakammaṭṭhānādīsu viya ārammaṇassa ekadesameva aggahetvā anavasesaggahaṇavasenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pharaṇavasena vipulatā daṭṭhabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kilesavikkhambhanasamatthatādīhi mahattaṃ gataṃ, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandacittavīriyapaññehi gataṃ paṭipannanti <span class="bld">mahaggataṃ</span>. Tayidaṃ yasmā ekantato rūpāvacaraṃ, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhūmivasena mahaggata’’</span>nti. Niruḷho hi rūpārūpāvacaresu mahaggatavohāro. <span class="bld">Paguṇavasenā</span>ti pakārato guṇitaṃ bahulīkataṃ paguṇaṃ, tassa vasena, subhāvitabhāvenāti attho. Taṃ hi pamāṇaṃ gahetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya appamāṇaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Appamāṇasattārammaṇavasenā</span>ti aparimāṇasattārammaṇakaraṇavasena. Sayampi verarahitattā, taṃsamaṅgino verābhāvahetuttā ca <span class="bld">averaṃ</span>. Tayidaṃ dvayaṃ yato labhati, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘byāpādapaccatthikappahānenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Cetaso byāpattivasena hananato byāpajjaṃ, cetasikaṃ asātaṃ, tadabhāvato <span class="bld">abyāpajjaṃ</span>. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘niddukkha’’</span>nti. Taṃ panassa abyāpajjattaṃ pañcaviññāṇādīnaṃ viya na sabhāvato, atha kho paccatthikavivekatoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘domanassappahānato’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">Aya</span>nti idha yathānītaṃ <span class="bld">appamaññāvibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 642), tesu tesu ca <span class="bld">suttapadesesu</span> (ma. ni. 1.459; 2.309, 315) āgataṃ mettābrahmavihāravikubbanamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para255"></a><span class="paranum">255</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā’’</span>ti iminā imissā ‘‘pañcahākārehi, sattahākārehi, dasahākārehī’’ti ākāravibhāgena <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 2.22) vuttāya ca vikubbanāya <a name="M1.0366"></a> majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇassa <a name="V1.0345"></a> viya bhedābhāvamupasaṃharati odhisopharaṇaanodhisopharaṇadisāpharaṇavasena desanāya āgatattā. Kevalaṃ panettha <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> (paṭi. ma. 2.22) viya sattodhi na gahitoti ayameva viseso. <span class="bld">Yampī</span>ti vikubbanaṃ sandhāyāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni bhedābhāvadassanamukhena uddesato ānītaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷiṃ</span> niddesato dassetvā tassā anuttānapadavaṇṇanaṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tattha cā’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbe sattā</span>ti <span class="bld">sabba</span>-saddo kāmaṃ padesasabbavisayo, na sabbasabbavisayo yathā ‘‘sabbaṃ jānātīti sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.119-120), ‘‘sattā’’ti pana padena paricchinnaṃ attano visayaṃ asesetvāva pariyādiyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘anavasesapariyādānameta’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ rūpe. <span class="bld">Satto</span>ti sajjanakiccena chandādipariyāyena lobhena āsatto laggo. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti vā karaṇe bhummaṃ, tena chandādināti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi sattatāya sattā, kathaṃ vītarāgesūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ruḷhīsaddenā’’</span>tiādi. Avītarāgesu ruḷhena, avītarāgesu vā pavattitvā indriyabaddhakhandhasantānatāya taṃsadisesu vītarāgesu ruḷhena saddena. Atha vā kiñci nimittaṃ gahetvā satipi aññasmiṃ tannimittayutte katthaci visaye sammutiyā cirakālatāya nimittavirahepi pavatti ruḷhī nāma yathā ‘‘gacchantīti gāvo’’ti, evaṃ sattasaddassāpi ruḷhībhāvo daṭṭhabbo. Bhūtapubbagatiyā vā vītarāgesu sattavohāro daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Satvayogato</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">satvaṃ</span> nāma buddhi, vīriyaṃ, tejo vā, tena yogato sattā, yathā ‘‘nīlaguṇayogato nīlo paṭo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pāṇanti etenāti pāṇanaṃ, assāsapassāsā, tassa kammaṃ <span class="bld">pāṇanatā,</span> tāya, assāsapassāsasampayogenāti attho. <span class="bld">Bhūtattā</span>ti kammakilesehi jātattā. Pūraṇato, galanato ca <span class="bld">puggalā</span>ti neruttā. Sattā hi nibbattantā taṃtaṃsattanikāyaṃ pūrentā viya honti, sabbāvatthanipātitāya ca galanti cavantīti attho. Apariññātavatthukānaṃ ‘‘attā’’ti <a name="M1.0367"></a> bhavati ettha abhidhānaṃ, cittañcāti <span class="bld">attabhāvo, sarīraṃ, khandhapañcakameva vā. Ta</span>nti khandhapañcakaṃ<a name="V1.0346"></a>. <span class="bld">Upādāyā</span>ti gahetvā upādānaṃ nissayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Paññattimattasambhavato</span>ti paramatthato asantepi sattasaññite paññattimattena sambhavato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yathā ca sattāti vacana</span>nti yathā satta-saddo yathāvuttenaṭṭhena nippariyāyato padesavuttipi ruḷhīvasena anavasesapariyādāyako. <span class="bld">Sesānipī</span>ti pāṇādivacanānipi. Tānipi hi rūpārūpabhavūpagacatutthajjhānādisamaṅgīnaṃ assāsapassāsābhāvato avinipātadhammānaṃ pugalanassa abhāvato padesavuttīni. <span class="bld">Ruḷhīvasena āropetvā</span> yathāvuttāya ruḷhiyā vasena katthaci visaye avijjamānampi pāṇapuggalabhāvaṃ āropetvā. Yadi sādhāraṇato sattavevacanānīti gahetvā anodhisopharaṇā mettā vuccati, atha kasmā pañcaheva ākārehi vuttāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘kāmañcā’’</span>tiādi. Keci panāhu ‘‘na kho panetāni ‘‘sattā’’tiādīni padāni vevacanatāmattaṃ upādāya gahitāni, yato jantuādīnampi gahaṇaṃ āpajjeyya, atthavisesaṃ pana nimittabhūtaṃ upādāya gahitānī’’ti, te sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘ye panā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">atthato</span>ti sajjanaṭṭhena sattā, pāṇanaṭṭhena pāṇāti evamādiatthato. Tesaṃ taṃ matimattanti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘anodhisopharaṇā virujjhatī’’</span>ti. Kasmā? Keci sattā, keci pāṇā, keci puggalāti āpajjanato. <span class="bld">Tathā atthaṃ aggahetvā</span>ti sattādisaddā sappadesavisayāti evamatthaṃ aggahetvā pubbe vuttanayena nippadesavisayāti evamatthaṃ gahetvāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘imesū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Pañcasu ākāresū</span>ti ‘‘sabbe sattā’’tiādinā <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (paṭi. ma. 2.22) āgatesu pañcasu bhāvanākāresu. <span class="bld">Aññataravasenā</span>ti yassa kassaci vasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. Idāni dvāvīsatiyā bhāvanākāresu appanā pariggahetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ettha cā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Byāpādarahitā</span>ti domanassabyāpādarahitā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā na kevalaṃ yathāvuttaākāravibhāgamattato appanāvibhāgo, tasmā. <span class="bld">Imesupi padesū</span>ti ‘‘sabbe sattā averā hontū’’tiādikoṭṭhāsesupi. <span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti yadipi pubbabhāge <a name="M1.0368"></a> tattha tattha abhinivese anekakoṭṭhāsavaseneva manasikāraṃ pavatteti, bhāvanāya samijjhanakkhaṇe pana tattha yaṃ paguṇataratāya supākaṭaṃ hoti, tassa vasena appanā hoti, yathā taṃ dvattiṃsākāre. Tattha pana ārammaṇaṃ, idha bhāvanākāroti ayameva viseso. <span class="bld">Catunna</span>nti catunnaṃ catunnaṃ. Byāpanicchālopena hi niddiṭṭhaṃ. Esa nayo sesesupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Liṅgavasena</span> <a name="V1.0347"></a> <span class="bld">vuttaṃ</span> tesaṃ pacurato labbhamānattā. Tatiyā pana pakati yadipi paṭhamadukena na saṅgahitā, dutiyadukena pana tikena ca saṅgahitā eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti sabbānipī</span>ti anodhisopharaṇe vīsati, odhisopharaṇe aṭṭhavīsati, disāpharaṇe cattāri satāni, asīti cāti evaṃ sabbānipi. Sata-saddāpekkhāya napuṃsakaniddeso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. Evaṃ mettābhāvanaṃ vibhāvetvā idāni tattha ānisaṃse vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sesā janā</span>ti mettāya cetovimuttiyā alābhino. <span class="bld">Samparivattamānā</span>ti dakkhiṇena passena asayitvā sabbaso parivattamānā. <span class="bld">Kākacchamānā</span>ti ghurughurupassāsavasena vissaraṃ karontā. <span class="bld">Sukhaṃ supatī</span>ti ettha duvidhāsupanā sayane piṭṭhippasāraṇalakkhaṇā, kiriyāmayacittehi avokiṇṇabhavaṅgappavattilakkhaṇā ca. Tatthāyaṃ ubhayathāpi sukhameva supati. Yasmā saṇikaṃ nipajjitvā aṅgapaccaṅgāni samodhāya pāsādikena ākārena sayati, niddokkamanepi jhānaṃ samāpanno viya hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ asupitvā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Niddākāle sukhaṃ alabhitvā dukkhena suttattā eva paṭibujjhanakāle sarīrakhedena nitthunanaṃ, vijambhanaṃ, ito cito viparivattanañca hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nitthunantā vijambhantā samparivattantā dukkhaṃ paṭibujjhantī’’</span>ti. Ayaṃ pana sukhena suttattā sarīrakhedābhāvato nitthunanādirahitova paṭibujjhati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ appaṭibujjhitvā’’</span>tiādi. Sukhapaṭibodho ca sarīravikārābhāvenāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhaṃ nibbikāra’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Bhaddakameva</span> <a name="M1.0369"></a> <span class="bld">supinaṃ passatī’’</span>ti idaṃ anubhūtapubbavasena, devatūpasaṃhāravasena cassa bhaddakameva supinaṃ hoti, na pāpakanti katvā vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘cetiyaṃ vandanto viyā’’</span>tiādi. Dhātukkhobhahetukampi cassa bahulaṃ bhaddakameva siyā yebhuyyena cittajarūpānuguṇatāya utuāhārajarūpānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ure āmuttamuttāhāro viyā</span>ti gīvāya bandhitvā ure lambitamuttāhāro viyāti kehici vuttaṃ. Taṃ ekāvalivasena vuttaṃ siyā, anekaratanāvalisamūhabhūto pana muttāhāro aṃsappadesato paṭṭhāya yāva kaṭippadesassa heṭṭhābhāgā palambanto ure āmukkoyeva nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti <a name="V1.0348"></a> pāṭaliputteyeva. <span class="bld">Sakkā nisīdituṃ vā nipajjituṃ vā</span> desassa khematāya, tassa tassa padesassa ramaṇīyatāya ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dasāva anto <span class="bld">dasanto,</span> vatthassa osānanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samappavattavāsa</span>nti tattha tattha vihāre samappavattavattavāsaṃ. Thero kira attanā paviṭṭhapaviṭṭhavihāre ‘‘ahamettha āgantuko’’ti acintetvā tattha tattha yathārahaṃ attanā kātabbavattāni paripūrento eva vihāsi. Apare pana bhaṇanti sabbasattesu samappavattamettāvihāravāsaṃ. Ayaṃ hi thero arahattādhigamato pubbepi mettāvihārī ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vanantare ṭhito</span>ti thero kira tathā samappavattavāsavasena caramāno ekadivasaṃ aññataraṃ ramaṇīyaṃ vanantaraṃ disvā tattha aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle samāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā yathāparicchedena tato uṭṭhito attano guṇāvajjanahetukena pītisomanassena udānento ‘‘yāvatā upasampanno’’ti gāthaṃ abhāsi. Tamatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vanantare ṭhito’’</span>ti paṭhamagāthā ṭhapitā. Tattha <span class="bld">gajjamānako</span>ti sīhagajjitaṃ gajjanto. <span class="bld">Guṇamesanto</span>ti attano guṇasamudayaṃ gavesanto paccavekkhanto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Maṇilarukkhe nivāsitāya taṃ devataṃ <span class="bld">‘‘maṇiliyā’’</span>ti voharanti, tasmā sā devatāpi <span class="bld">‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, maṇiliyā’’</span>ti āha. Rukkhadevatānaṃ hi yebhuyyena nivāsarukkhavasena vohāro yathā phandanadevatāti. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti cittalapabbateyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Balavapiyacittatāyā’’</span>ti <a name="M1.0370"></a> iminā balavapiyacittatāmattenapi satthaṃ na kamati, pageva mettāya cetovimuttiyāti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khippameva cittaṃ samādhiyati</span> kenaci paripanthena parihīnajjhānassa byāpādassa dūrasamussāritabhāvato khippameva samādhiyati. Āsavānaṃ khayāyāti keci. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva. Ettha ca kiñcāpi ito aññakammaṭṭhānavasena adhigatajjhānānampi sukhasupanādayo ānisaṃsā labbhanti, yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sukhaṃ <a name="V1.0349"></a> supanti munayo, ajjhattaṃ susamāhitā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Suppabuddhaṃ pabujjhanti, sadā gotamasāvakā’’ti. –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ca ādi, tathāpime ānisaṃsā brahmavihāralābhino anavasesā labbhanti byāpādādīnaṃ ujuvipaccanīkabhāvato brahmavihārānaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘nissaraṇaṃ hetaṃ, āvuso, byāpādassa, yadidaṃ mettā cetovimuttī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 3.326; a. ni. 6.13). Byāpādādivasena ca sattānaṃ dukkhasupanādayoti tappaṭipakkhabhūtesu brahmavihāresu siddhesu sukhasupanādayo hatthagatā eva hontīti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Karuṇābhāvanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. <span class="bld">Karuṇa</span>nti karuṇābrahmavihāraṃ. <span class="bld">Nikkaruṇatāyā</span>ti vihesāya, ‘‘idhekacco pāṇinā vā leḍḍunā vā daṇḍena vā satthena vā aññataraññatarena vā sattānaṃ viheṭhanajātiko hotī’’ti evaṃ vuttaviheṭhaneti attho. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti dosaṃ. Yathā tathā sattānaṃ viheṭhanāya pāpako vipāko idha ceva samparāye ca. Tathā hi yo satte jīvitā voropanena vā aṅgapaccaṅgacchedanena vā dhanajāniyā vā alābhāya vā avāsāya vā anatthāya vā ayasatthāya vā parisaṃsakkanena vā antamaso yathāvajjadassanenapi viheṭheti, tassa so pamādavihāro diṭṭheva dhamme alābhāyapi hoti, laddhassa parihānāyapi hoti, tannimittaṃ pāpako kittisaddo abbhuggacchati, avisārado <a name="M1.0371"></a> parisaṃ upasaṅkamati maṅkubhūto, sammūḷho kālaṃ karoti, kāyassa bhedā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā, sugatiyampi manussabhūto dujjaccopi hoti nīcakuliko, dubbaṇṇopi hoti duddasiko, bahvābādhopi hoti rogabahulo, duggatopi hoti appannapāno, appāyukopi hoti parittajīvitoti evamādianekānatthānubandhitā vihesāya paccavekkhitabbā, tappaṭipakkhato karuṇāya ānisaṃsā paccavekkhitabbā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘nikkaruṇatāya ādīnavaṃ karuṇāya ca ānisaṃsaṃ paccavekkhitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Piyo hī’’</span>tiādinā paṭhamaṃ piyapuggalādīsu anārambhassa kāraṇamāha. Piyaṃ hi puggalaṃ karuṇāyitumārabhantassa na tāva piyabhāvo vigacchati, avigate ca tasmiṃ kuto karuṇāyanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘piyaṭṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti. Sesapuggalesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Liṅgavisabhāgakālakatānaṃ</span> akhettabhāve kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yattha <a name="V1.0350"></a> pana paṭhamaṃ ārabhitabbā, taṃ pāḷinayeneva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kathañca bhikkhū’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">duggata</span>nti daliddaṃ. So hi bhogapārijuññato sukhasādhanānaṃ abhāvena dukkhaṃ gato upagato duggatoti vuccati. Atha vā <span class="bld">duggata</span>nti dukkhena samaṅgibhāvaṃ gataṃ. <span class="bld">Durupeta</span>nti kāyaduccaritādīhi upetaṃ. Gatikularūpādivasena vā tamabhāve ṭhito <span class="bld">duggato</span>. Kāyaduccaritādīhi upetattā tamaparāyaṇabhāve ṭhito <span class="bld">durupeto</span>ti evamettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paramakicchappatta</span>nti ativiya kicchamāpannaṃ mahābyasanaṃ nimuggaṃ. <span class="bld">Appeva nāmā</span>ti sādhu vata.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vadhetha na</span>nti ‘‘ghātetha naṃ cora’’nti evaṃ pahitāya <span class="bld">rañño āṇāya khādanīyampi…pe… denti</span> ‘‘idāneva māriyamāno ettakampi sukhaṃ labhatū’’ti. <span class="bld">Susajjito</span>ti sukhānubhavane sannaddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Eteneva upāyenā</span>ti yena yena vidhinā etarahi yathāvutte paramakicchāpanne āyatiṃ vā dukkhabhāgimhi puggale karuṇāyituṃ karuṇā uppāditā, eteneva nayena. <span class="bld">Piyapuggale</span>ti piyāyitabbapuggale. Etarahi vā dissamānaṃ āyatiṃ vā bhāviniṃ dukkhappattiṃ gahetvā karuṇā pavattetabbāti sambandho. Majjhattaverīsupi eseva nayo. Yo hi so karuṇāya vatthubhūto duvidho puggalo vutto, kāmaṃ tattha karuṇābhāvanā sukheneva ijjhati, iminā pana bhikkhunā tattha bhāvanaṃ paguṇataraṃ katvā <a name="M1.0372"></a> sīmāsambhedaṃ kātuṃ tadanantaraṃ piyapuggale, tato majjhatte, tato veripuggale karuṇā bhāvetabbā. Bhāventena ca ekekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse muduṃ kammaniyaṃ cittaṃ katvā tadanantare tadanantare upasaṃharitabbaṃ. Yassa pana veripuggalo vā natthi, mahāpurisajātikattā vā anatthaṃ karontepi verisaññāva nuppajjati, tena majjhatte me cittaṃ kammaniyaṃ jātaṃ, idāni verimhi upasaṃharāmīti byāpārova na kātabbo. Yassa pana atthi, taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘sace panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">pubbe vuttanayenevā</span>ti mettākammaṭṭhānikassa (visuddhi. 1.240 ādayo) vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Taṃ mettāya vuttanayeneva. Vūpasametabba</span>nti ‘‘athānena purimapuggalesū’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.243), ‘‘kakacūpamaovādādīnaṃ anussarato’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.243) ca mettābhāvanāya vuttena nayena taṃ paṭighaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. Evaṃ etarahi mahādukkhappatte sukhitepi akatakusalatāya āyatiṃ dukkhappattiyā vasena karuṇāyanavidhiṃ dassetvā idāni katakalyāṇepi taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yopi cetthā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti byasanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṭṭadukkhaṃ anatikkantattā</span>ti <a name="V1.0351"></a> sammāsambuddhenāpi akkhānena pariyosāpetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa anāgatassa āpāyikassa sugatīsupi jātijarādibhedassāti aparimitassa saṃsāradukkhassa anatikkantabhāvato. <span class="bld">Sabbathāpi karuṇāyitvā</span>ti dukkhappattiyā, sukhappattiyā akatakusalatāya vā katākusalatāya vāti sabbapakārenapi karuṇāya vatthubhāvassa sallakkhaṇena tasmiṃ tasmiṃ puggale karuṇaṃ katvā karuṇābhāvanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘athānena punappunaṃ mettāyantenā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.243) <span class="bld">mettābhāvanāyaṃ</span> vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Taṃ nimitta</span>nti sīmāsambhedavasena pavattaṃ samathanimittaṃ. <span class="bld">Mettāya vuttanayenevā</span>ti yathā mettābhāvanāyaṃ ‘‘appakasirenevā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.253) <span class="bld">tikacatukkajjhānavasena appanā</span> ‘‘ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.253-254) tassā vaḍḍhanā ca vuttā, evamidha karuṇābhāvanāyaṃ tikacatukkajjhānavasena appanā veditabbā ca vaḍḍhetabbā ca, tathevassā vaḍḍhanāvidhipi veditabbāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenevā</span>ti avadhāraṇena ‘‘paṭhamaṃ veripuggalo karuṇāyitabbo’’ti idaṃ yathā pāḷiviruddhaṃ, evaṃ yuttiviruddhampīti imamatthaṃ <a name="M1.0373"></a> dīpeti. Paṭhamaṃ hi veriṃ samanussarato kodho uppajjeyya, na karuṇā. Attāpi sakkhibhāvena karuṇāyanavasena gahetabbo, so kimiti pacchā gayhatīti. <span class="bld">‘‘Appanā vaḍḍhetabbā’’</span>ti iminā ca appanāppattacittasseva ‘‘karuṇāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77, 509; 2.309, 315, 452, 471; 3.230) vuttavikubbanā ijjhatīti ayamattho dassito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karuṇāpadamattameva cassā pāḷiyā visesoti taṃ anāmasitvā paṭisambhidāyaṃ vuttavikubbanā, mettāya vuttaānisaṃsā ca idha labbhantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tato paraṃ…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tato para</span>nti ‘‘karuṇāsahagatena cetasā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77, 509; 2.309, 315, 452, 471; 3.230) vuttavikubbanato upari. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Muditābhāvanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. <span class="bld">Piyapuggalādīsū</span>ti piyamajjhattaverīsu na ārabhitabbā. Muditābhāvanāti vibhattiṃ pariṇāmetvā yojanā. <span class="bld">Na hī</span>tiādi tattha kāraṇavacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Piyabhāvamattenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddo <a name="V1.0352"></a> visesanivatti attho, tena somanassapaṭisandhikatādisiddhā niccappahaṃsitamukhatā, pubbabhāsitā, sukhasambhāsatā, sakhilatā, sammodakatāti evamādike muditāya padaṭṭhānabhūte visese ulliṅgeti, īdisehi visesehi virahitoti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>-kārena pana piyapuggalassa sukhasamappitatādiṃ, muditāya ca hetubhūtaṃ pamodappavattiṃ nivatteti. Piyapuggalepi hi paramāya sampattiyā pamudite haṭṭhatuṭṭhe bhikkhuno muditokāsaṃ labheyya. Vakkhati hi ‘‘piyapuggalaṃ vā’’tiādi. Ādito majjhattapuggalaṃ anussarantassa udāsinatā saṇṭhāti, veriṃ samanussarantassa kodho uppajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pageva majjhattaverino’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pamodappavattiyā soṇḍasadiso sahāyo <span class="bld">soṇḍasahāyo. Muditamuditovā</span>ti pasādasommatāya ativiya mudito eva. Pasāde hi idaṃ āmeḍitaṃ. Evaṃ aṭṭhakathānayena ādito muditābhāvanāya vatthuṃ dassetvā idāni pāḷinayena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘piyapuggalaṃ vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sukhita</span>nti sañjātasukhaṃ, sukhappattanti attho. <span class="bld">Sajjita</span>nti sukhānubhavane sannaddhaṃ paṭiyattasukhasādhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aho sādhū</span>ti tassa sattassa sampattiyaṃ <a name="M1.0374"></a> sampajaññapubbapamodanākāradassanaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">aho suṭṭhū</span>ti tassa pamodanassa bahulīkāradassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Piyaṃ manāpa</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">manāpa</span>-ggahaṇena pāḷiyampi atippiyasahāyako adhippetoti eke.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atīte</span>ti tasmiṃyeva attabhāve atīte. <span class="bld">Anāgate</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. Na hi bhavantaragate brahmavihārabhāvanā ruhati. Yadi evaṃ, atītānāgate kathanti? Nāyaṃ doso. ‘‘So evāyaṃ datto tisso’’ti addhāpaccuppannatāya vijjamānabhāvena gahetabbato. Kathaṃ panassa anāgate sampatti ārammaṇaṃ hotīti? Ādesādito, paccuppannāya vā payogasampattiyā anumānato laddhāya gahetabbato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piyapuggale</span>ti soṇḍasahāyasaññite atippiyapuggale, piyapuggale ca. Duvidhopi cesa idha piyabhāvasāmaññato ‘‘piyapuggalo’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Anukkamenā</span>ti atippiyapuggalo piyapuggalo majjhatto verīti catūsu koṭṭhāsesu ekekasmiṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ paguṇaṃ, muduṃ, kammaniyañca katvā sesesu upasaṃharaṇānukkamena. Kiñcāpi catūsu janesu samacittatāva <span class="bld">sīmāsambhedo</span> sīmā sambhijjati etāyāti katvā. Bhāvanāya pana tathā bahuso pavattamānāya purimasiddhaṃ hetuṃ, itaraṃ phalañca katvā <a name="V1.0353"></a> vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samacittatāya sīmāsambhedaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. Yathāvuttasīmābhāvo vā sīmāsambhedoti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samacittatāya sīmāsambhedaṃ katvā’’</span>ti. Sesamettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Upekkhābhāvanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. <span class="bld">Upekkhābhāvana</span>nti upekkhābrahmavihārabhāvanaṃ. Yasmā purimabrahmavihārattayanissando catutthabrahmavihāro, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mettādīsu paṭiladdhatikacatukkajjhānenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Paguṇatatiyajjhānā</span>ti subhāvitaṃ vasībhāvaṃ pāpitaṃ paguṇaṃ, tathārūpā tatiyabrahmavihārajjhānato. Appaguṇaṃ hi uparijhānassa padaṭṭhānaṃ na hoti. Catukkanayavasena cettha tatiyaggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhitā hontūtiādivasenā</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ‘‘niddukkhā hontū’’ti evamādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Sattakelāyanaṃ</span> sattesu mamāyanaṃ <a name="M1.0375"></a> mamattakaraṇaṃ, tathā manasikārena yogo <span class="bld">sattakelāyanamanasikārayuttattaṃ,</span> tasmā. Mettādīnaṃ rāgagehassitadomanassasomanassānaṃ āsannavuttitāya yathārahaṃ <span class="bld">paṭighānunayasamīpacāritā</span> veditabbā. Atha vā ‘‘sukhitā hontu, dukkhato muccantu modantū’’ti hitesitabhāvappattiyā tissannampi anunayassa āsannacāritā. Sati ca tabbipariyāye lohitappakope pubbo viya laddhokāsamevettha paṭighanti avisesena tāsaṃ paṭighānunayasamīpacāritā daṭṭhabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Somanassayogena oḷārikattā’’</span>ti idaṃ tatiyajjhānassa vasena vuttaṃ, tato vuṭṭhitassa idamādīnavadassananti. Mettādivasena pana oḷārikabhāve vuccamāne vitakkavicārapītiyogeneva oḷārikatā vattabbā siyā, tāhipi tāsaṃ samāyogasambhavato, upekkhāya ca tadabhāvato. Na vā vattabbā tatiyajjhānikānaṃyeva mettādīnaṃ idhādhippetattā, taṃtaṃjhānasamatikkameneva ca taṃtaṃjhānikā mettādayopi samatikkantā eva nāma honti, jhānasāmaññena viya mettādisāmaññena vohāramattaṃ. <span class="bld">Purimāsū</span>ti mettākaruṇāmuditāsu. <span class="bld">Santabhāvato</span>ti yathāvuttasattakelāyanādianupasantabhāvābhāvato upekkhāya santabhāvato. ‘‘Santabhāvato’’ti ca idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sukhumatā paṇītatā vidūrakilesatā vipulaphalatāti evamādayopi upekkhāya ānisaṃsā daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Pakatimajjhatto</span>ti kiñci kāraṇaṃ anapekkhitvā pakatiyā sabhāveneva imassa bhikkhuno udāsinapakkhe ṭhito. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhitvā</span>ti attanā katakammavaseneva ayamāyasmā āgato gacchati ca, tvampi attanā katakammavaseneva āgato <a name="V1.0354"></a> gacchasi ca, na tassa tava payogena kiñci sukhaṃ vā upanetuṃ, dukkhaṃ vā apanetuṃ labbhā, kevalaṃ panetaṃ cittassa anujukammaṃ, yadidaṃ mettāyanādinā sattesu kelāyanaṃ. Buddhādīhi ariyehi gatamaggo cesa apaṇṇakapaṭipadābhūto, yadidaṃ sabbasattesu majjhattatāti evaṃ paṭipakkhajigucchāmukhena majjhattatāya samupajātagāravabahumānādaro taṃ puggalaṃ punappunaṃ ajjhupekkhati, tattha ca savisesaṃ upekkhaṃ paccupaṭṭhapeti, tassa tathā paṭipajjato pakatiyāpi udāsinattā sātisayaṃ tattha majjhattatā saṇṭhāti<a name="M1.0376"></a>. Bhāvanābalena nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāneva honti, kilesā sannisinnā eva honti, so taṃ upekkhaṃ piyapuggalādīsu upasaṃharati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhā uppādetabbā. Tato piyapuggalādīsū’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ekaṃ puggala</span>nti ettha aññattho <span class="bld">eka</span>-saddo ‘‘ittheke abhivadantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.27) viya. Ekavacaneneva cettha saṅkhyāviseso siddho, tasmā aññaṃ ekaṃ puggalanti ayamettha attho. Tena attānaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">‘‘Neva manāpa’’</span>nti iminā piyapuggalaṃ, atippiyasahāyakañca nivatteti, attānampi vā attani amanāpatāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">‘‘Na amanāpa’’</span>nti iminā appiyaṃ, veripuggalañca, pārisesato majjhattapuggalassa gahaṇaṃ āpannaṃ. Iti <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ puggalaṃ neva manāpaṃ nāmanāpa’’</span>nti iminā attano, piyādīnañca paṭikkhepamukhena udāsinapuggalaṃ dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘yvāssa pakatimajjhatto’’tiādinā anantaraṃ vuttena nayena. Attasinehassa balavabhāvato veritopi attani majjhattatāya durūpasaṃhārattā ‘‘imesu ca attani cā’’ti attā pacchā vutto. <span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘ayaṃ samāpatti āsannapītipaccatthikā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.87) pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayena. Yaṃ hi heṭṭhā ‘‘paguṇatatiyajjhānā vuṭṭhāyā’’tiādi (visuddhi. 1.87) vuttaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā tīsu brahmavihāresu, catutthabrahmavihāre ca ādīnavānisaṃsadassanavasena vuttaṃ. Idaṃ pana tatiyajjhāne ādīnavaṃ, catutthajjhāne ca ānisaṃsaṃ disvā catutthādhigamāya yogaṃ karontassa catutthajjhānassa uppajjanākāradassanaṃ. Tasmā tattha vuttaṃ ‘‘pathavīsaddaṃ apanetvā tadeva nimittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā manodvārāvajjanaṃ uppajjatī’’tiādinā yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavīkasiṇādīsū</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sesakasiṇāni, assāsapassāsanimittañca saṅgaṇhāti. Kāmaṃ kasiṇānāpānesu uppannassāpi tatiyajjhānassa upekkhābrahmavihārena rūpāvacarajjhānāditāya attheva sabhāgatā, taṃ pana akāraṇaṃ ārammaṇassa visadisatāyāti āha <a name="V1.0355"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇavisabhāgatāyā’’</span>ti. Nanu ca aññathāva kasiṇādibhāvanā, aññathā brahmavihārabhāvanāti bhāvanāvasenāpi yathāvuttajjhānānaṃ attheva visadisatāti? Saccametaṃ, bhāvanāvasena pana visadisatā anuppattiyā na ekantikaṃ kāraṇaṃ. Tathā hi aññathāva mettādibhāvanā<a name="M1.0377"></a>, aññathā upekkhābhāvanā. Tathāpi sattesu yathāpavattitaṃ hitesitādiākāraṃ byatirekamukhena āmasantī, tato vinivattamānarūpena ajjhupekkhanākārena brahmavihārupekkhā pavattati. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘kammassakā sattā, te kassa ruciyā sukhitā vā bhavissantī’’tiādi (visuddhi. 1.263). Ārammaṇasabhāgatāpi cettha atthīti mettādivasena paṭiladdhatatiyajjhānassa ijjhati upekkhābrahmavihāro. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mettādīsū’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">mettādīsū</span>ti mettādīsu nipphādetabbesu, mettādivasenāti attho. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">Brahmuttamenā</span>ti ettha sammutibrahmāno upapattibrahmāno visuddhibrahmānoti tividhā brahmāno.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Sampannaṃ sālikedāraṃ, suvā bhuñjanti kosiya;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paṭivedemi te brahme, na ne vāretumussahe. (jā. 1.14.1);</p>
<p class="gathalast">Paribbaja mahābrahme, pacantaññepi pāṇino’’ti. (pāci. 647) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ca evamādīsu hi brahmasaddena sammutibrahmāno vuttā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’’.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Atha kho brahmā sahampatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.71; ma. ni. 1.283; 2.340; saṃ. ni. 1.172; mahāva. 9) ca <a name="V1.0356"></a> evamādīsu brahmasaddena upapattibrahmāno vuttā. ‘‘Brahmacakkaṃ pavattetī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.148; saṃ. ni. 2.21; a. ni. 4.8; 5.11; paṭi. ma. 2.44) vacanato ‘‘brahma’’nti ariyadhammo vuccati, tato nibbattattā avisesena sabbepi ariyā visuddhibrahmāno nāma paramatthabrahmatāya. Visesato pana ‘‘brahmāti, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṃ adhivacana’’nti vacanato sammāsambuddho uttamabrahmā nāma sadevake loke brahmabhūtehi guṇehi ukkaṃsapāramippattito. Iti brahmānaṃ uttamo, brahmā ca so uttamo cāti vā <a name="M1.0378"></a> <span class="bld">brahmuttamo,</span> bhagavā. Tena <span class="bld">kathite</span> ‘‘so mettāsahagatena cetasā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.556; 3.308; ma. ni. 1.77, 459, 509; 2.309, 315, 451, 471) tattha tattha veneyyānaṃ desite. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ yathāvuttena bhāvanākkamena ceva atthavaṇṇanākkamena ca <span class="bld">viditvā</span> jānitvā. <span class="bld">Pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā</span>ti pubbe viya asādhāraṇaṃ taṃtaṃbrahmavihārapaṭiniyatameva atthaṃ aggahetvā sādhāraṇabhāvato tattha tattha pakiṇṇakaṃ visaṭaṃ atthaṃ gahetvā pavattitā pakiṇṇakakathāpi vijānitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mejjatī</span>ti dhammato aññassa kattunivattanatthaṃ dhammameva kattāraṃ katvā niddisati. <span class="bld">Siniyhatī</span>ti ettha sattesu byāpajjanavasena lūkhabhāvassa paṭipakkhabhūtaṃ ñāṇapubbaṅgamaṃ hitākārapavattivasena sinehanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, na taṇhāyanavasena. Taṃ hi mohapubbaṅgamaṃ lubbhanasabhāvaṃ, idaṃ pana adussanasabhāvaṃ alobhasampayuttaṃ. Nanu ca taṇhāsinehopi byāpādavirodhī tena sahānavaṭṭhānato. Yadipi tena saha ekasmiṃ citte nappavattati, virodhī pana na hoti appahāyakato. Mejjatīti <span class="bld">mitto,</span> hitajjhāsayo khandhappabandho, tappariyāpannatāya mitte bhavā, mitte vā ārammaṇabhūte piye puggale bhavā, mittassa esā pavatti mejjanavasena vāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Karotīti karuṇā,</span> kiṃ karoti, kesaṃ, kiṃ nimittanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ hadayakampana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kampana</span>nti ca paresaṃ dukkhaṃ disvā tassa apanetukāmassa asahanākārena cittassa aññathattaṃ. Tayidaṃ sappurisānaṃyeva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sādhūna’’</span>nti. Sappurisā hi saparahitasādhanena ‘‘sādhū’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Vināsetī</span>ti adassanaṃ gameti, apanetīti attho. Tenettha hiṃsanaṃ apanayananti dasseti. Paradukkhāpanayanākārappavattilakkhaṇā hi karuṇā. <span class="bld">Pharaṇavasenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0357"></a> phusanavasena, ārammaṇakaraṇavasenāti attho. Ārammaṇakaraṇañcettha dukkhitesu dukkhāpanayanākārenevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Modanti tāyā</span>ti modanakiriyāya muditāya karaṇabhāvaniddeso, svāyaṃ upacārasiddho, muditāvinimutto natthi tattha koci kattāti tameva kattubhāvena niddisati <span class="bld">‘‘sayaṃ vā modatī’’</span>ti, ayampi upacāraniddesova. Dhammānaṃ avasavattanatoti vasavattibhāvanivāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘modanamattameva vā tanti muditā’’</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Piyādīsu <a name="M1.0379"></a> pakkhapātupacchedanamukhena udāsinabhāvasaṅkhātā upapattito ikkhā upekkhā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘averā hontū’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">upekkhatī</span>ti kattuniddese kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Hito</span> nāma atthacaro, tasmā <span class="bld">hitākārappavattilakkhaṇā</span>ti sattānaṃ hitacaraṇākārena pavattilakkhaṇā, hitākārassa vā pavattanalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Hitūpasaṃhārarasā</span>ti sattesu hitassa upanayanakiccā, upanayanasampattikā vā. ‘‘Anatthaṃ me acarī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1237; vibha. 909) pavattanakassa āghātassa vinayanākārena paccupatiṭṭhati, ñāṇassa gocarabhāvaṃ gacchati, yattha vā sayaṃ uppajjati, tattha āghātavinayanaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">āghātavinayapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Amanāpānampi sattānaṃ paṭikkūle appaṭikkūlasaññitārūpena, pageva manāpānaṃ yaṃ manāpabhāvadassanaṃ, tathāpavatto yonisomanasikāro, taṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ etissāti <span class="bld">manāpabhāvadassanapadaṭṭhānā. Byāpādūpasamo</span>ti byāpādassa vikkhambhanavasena vūpasamo. <span class="bld">Sampattī</span>ti sampajjanaṃ sammadeva nibbatti. <span class="bld">Sinehasambhavo</span>ti taṇhāsinehassa uppatti. <span class="bld">Vipattī</span>ti vināso. Mettāmukhena hi rāgo vañceti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Karuṇādīnaṃ lakkhaṇādīsu iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Visesamattameva vaṇṇayissāma. Sattānaṃ pavattadukkhassa apanayanākāro. Apanayanaṃ pana hotu vā mā vā, yo dukkhāpanayanākāro, tathāpavattilakkhaṇā <span class="bld">dukkhāpanayanākārappavattilakkhaṇā</span>. Apanetukāmatāya paresaṃ dukkhassa asahanaṃ anadhivāsanaṃ <span class="bld">paradukkhāsahanaṃ</span>. Na vihiṃsā avihiṃsā, sattānaṃ aviheṭhanaṃ. Taṃ paccupaṭṭhapeti, vihiṃsāya vā paṭipakkhabhāvena paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">avihiṃsāpaccupaṭṭhānā. Vihiṃsūpasamo</span>ti ettha vihiṃsanti etāya satte, vihiṃsanaṃ vā nesaṃ tanti vihiṃsā<a name="V1.0358"></a>, sattānaṃ viheṭhanākārena pavatto karuṇāya paṭipakkhabhūto paṭighacittuppādo. Karuṇāmukhena soko vañcetīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sokasambhavo vipattī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pamodanalakkhaṇā</span>ti parasampattiyā pamodanalakkhaṇā. <span class="bld">Anissāyanarasā</span>ti issāyanassa usūyanassa paṭipakkhabhāvakiccā. Sattānaṃ sampattiyā, pantasenāsanesu, adhikusaladhammesu ca asahanaṃ aramaṇaṃ aratiicceva <a name="M1.0380"></a> saṅgahaṃ gacchati, tassā vihananākārena paccupatiṭṭhati, tassa vā vighātaṃ vūpasamaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">arativighātapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pahāso gehasitapītivasena pahaṭṭhabhāvo uppilāvitattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sattesu samabhāvadassanarasā</span>ti piyādibhedesu sabbasattesu udāsinavuttiyā samabhāvasseva dassanakiccā, upapattito ikkhaṇato samabhāveneva tesaṃ gahaṇakiccāti attho. Sattesu paṭikkūlāpaṭikkūlākārānaṃ aggahaṇato tattha paṭighānunayānaṃ vūpasamanākārena vuttiyā tesaṃ vūpasamaṃ vikkhambhanaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetīti <span class="bld">paṭighānunayavūpasamapaccupaṭṭhānā. Evaṃ pavattakammassakatādassanapadaṭṭhānā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">‘‘eva’’</span>nti iminā byatirekamukhena hitūpasaṃhāradukkhāpanayanasampattipamodanākārena paccāmasanto mettādīnaṃ tissannaṃ pavattiākārapaṭisedhanamukhena pavattaṃ kammassakatāñāṇaṃ upekkhābrahmavihārassa āsannakāraṇaṃ, na yaṃ kiñcīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para264"></a><span class="paranum">264</span>. <span class="bld">Vipassanāsukhañceva bhavasampatti cā</span>ti ettha diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro cāti vattabbaṃ. Tampi hi nesaṃ sādhāraṇapayojanaṃ. Tathā ‘‘sukhaṃ supatī’’tiādayo (a. ni. 8.1; 11.15) ekādasānisaṃsā. Te pana heṭṭhā vuttā evāti idha na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nissarati apagacchati etenāti <span class="bld">nissaraṇaṃ,</span> pahāyakaṃ. Kāmañcetehi pañcapi nīvaraṇāni, tadekaṭṭhā ca pāpadhammā vikkhambhanavasena pahīyanti, ujuvipaccanīkadassanavasena pana byāpādādayo <span class="bld">pāḷiyaṃ</span> (dī. ni. 3.326; a. ni. 6.13) vuttā. Evañca katvā rāganissaraṇatāvacanaṃ upekkhābrahmavihārassa suṭṭhu samatthitaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu brahmavihāresu. Mettā sattesu yathārahaṃ dānapiyavacanādisīlasutādiguṇagahaṇavasena pavattati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sattānaṃ manāpabhāvadassanapadaṭṭhānā’’ti. Rāgopi <a name="V1.0359"></a> tattha yathā tathā guṇaggahaṇamukheneva pavattati manāpasaññāpalobhatoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘guṇadassanasabhāgatāyā’’</span>ti. Tasmā mittamukhasapatto viya tulyākārena dūsanato <span class="bld">rāgo</span> mettāya <span class="bld">āsannapaccatthiko, so lahuṃ otāraṃ labhati</span> satisammosamattenāpi mettaṃ apanīya tassā vatthusmiṃ uppajjanārahattā<a name="M1.0381"></a>. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti rāgato, rāgassa vā otāralābhato. <span class="bld">Sabhāgavisabhāgatāyā</span>ti sabhāgassa, sabhāgena vā visabhāgatāya. Sattesu hi manāpākāragāhino mettāsabhāgassa tabbiparītasabhāvo byāpādo tena visabhāgo. Tasmā so otāraṃ labhamāno cireneva labheyyāti purisassa dūre ṭhitasapatto viya mettāya dūrapaccatthiko. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti byāpādato. <span class="bld">Nibbhayenā</span>ti anussaṅkanaparisaṅkanena, laddhapatiṭṭhāya mettāya byāpādena duppadhaṃsiyattāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mettāyissatī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iṭṭhāna</span>nti piyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kantāna</span>nti kamanīyānaṃ. <span class="bld">Manāpāna</span>nti manavaḍḍhanakānaṃ. Tato eva mano ramentīti <span class="bld">manoramānaṃ. Lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttāna</span>nti taṇhāsannissitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Appaṭilābhato samanupassato</span>ti appaṭilābhena ahamime na labhāmīti paritassato. <span class="bld">Atīta</span>nti atikkantaṃ. <span class="bld">Niruddha</span>nti nirodhappattaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇata</span>nti sabhāvavigamena vigataṃ. <span class="bld">Samanussarato</span>ti anutthunanavasena cintayato. <span class="bld">Gehasita</span>nti kāmaguṇanissitaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Ādinā’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘sotaviññeyyānaṃ saddāna’’nti evamādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Vipattidassanasabhāgatāyā</span>ti yesu sattesu bhogādivipattidassanamukhena karuṇā pavattati, tesu tannimittameva ayoniso ābhoge sati yathāvuttadomanassamukhena soko uppajjeyya, so karuṇāya āsannapaccatthiko. Soko hi idha domanassasīsena vutto. <span class="bld">Sabhāgavisabhāgatāyā</span>ti ettha sattesu dukkhāpanayanakāmatākārassa karuṇāsabhāgassa tesu dukkhūpanayanākāro vihesāsabhāvo visabhāgoti tāya sabhāgavisabhāgatāya sā otāraṃ labhamānā cireneva labheyyāti purisassa dūre ṭhitasapatto viya karuṇāya dūrapaccatthikā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampattidassanasabhāgatāyā</span>ti yesu sattesu bhogādisampattidassanamukhena muditā pavattati, tesu tannimittameva ayoniso ābhoge sati ‘‘cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpāna’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 3.306) vuttasomanassamukhena pahāso uppajjeyya, so ca muditāya āsannapaccatthiko. Pahāso hi idha somanassasīsena vutto. <span class="bld">Sabhāgavisabhāgatāyā</span>ti bhogādisampattīhi <a name="M1.0382"></a> muditesu sattesu pamodanākārassa muditāsabhāgassa tattha anabhiramanākārā arati visabhāgāti tāya sabhāgavisabhāgatāya <a name="V1.0360"></a> sā otāraṃ labhamānā cireneva labheyyāti purisassa dūre ṭhitasapatto viya muditāya dūrapaccatthikā vuttā. <span class="bld">Pamudito cā</span>tiādi muditāya siddhāya ayampi arati na hotīti laddhabbaguṇadassanavasena vuttaṃ, na idhādhippetaaratiniggahadassanavasena. Kāyacittavivekapaṭipakkhāya vā aratiyā vikkhambhitāya muditāya paṭipakkhā arati suvikkhambhaneyyā hotīti dassanatthaṃ ekadesena arati dassitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhikusaladhammesū</span>ti samathavipassanādhammesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bālakaradhammayogato <span class="bld">bālassa</span>. Attahitaparahitabyāmūḷhatāya <span class="bld">mūḷhassa</span>. Puthūnaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">puthujjanassa</span>. Kilesodhīnaṃ maggodhīhi ajitattā <span class="bld">anodhijinassa,</span> odhijinā vā sekkhā odhisova kilesānaṃ jitattā. Tena imassa odhijitabhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Sattamabhavādito uddhaṃ pavattanavipākassa ajitattā <span class="bld">avipākajinassa,</span> vipākajinā vā arahanto appaṭisandhikattā. Tenassa asekkhattaṃ paṭikkhipati. Anekādīnave sabbesampi pāpadhammānaṃ mūlabhūte sammohe ādīnavānaṃ adassanasīlatāya <span class="bld">anādīnavadassāvino</span>. Āgamādhigamābhāvā <span class="bld">assutavato</span>. Ediso ekaṃsena andhaputhujjano nāma hotīti tassa andhaputhujjanabhāvadassanatthaṃ punapi <span class="bld">‘‘puthujjanassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evarūpā</span>ti vuttākārena sammohapubbikā. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ sā nātivattatī</span>ti rūpānaṃ samatikkamanāya kāraṇaṃ na hoti, rūpārammaṇe kilese nātivattatīti adhippāyo. Somanassadomanassarahitaṃ aññāṇameva <span class="bld">aññāṇupekkhā. Dosaguṇāvicāraṇavasena sabhāgattā</span>ti yathā brahmavihārupekkhā mettādayo viya sattesu hitūpasaṃhārādivasena guṇadose avicārentī kevalaṃ ajjhupekkhanavaseneva pavattati, evaṃ aññāṇupekkhā sattesu vijjamānampi guṇadosaṃ acintentī kevalaṃ ajjhupekkhanavaseneva pavattatīti dosaguṇāvicāraṇavasena sabhāgā. Tasmā sā lahuṃ otāraṃ labhatīti brahmavihārupekkhāya āsannapaccatthikā vuttā. <span class="bld">Sabhāgavisabhāgatāyā</span>ti iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu majjhattākārassa upekkhāsabhāgassa <a name="M1.0383"></a> tattha anurodhavirodhapavattiākārā rāgapaṭighā visabhāgāti tāya sabhāgavisabhāgatāya te otāraṃ labhamānā cireneva labheyyunti purisassa dūre ṭhitasapatto viya upekkhābrahmavihārassa dūrapaccatthikā vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Kattukāmatā chando ādi</span> ‘‘chandamūlakā kusalā dhammā’’ti (a. ni. 8.83) vacanato, atha vā sattesu hitesitādukkhāpanayanakāmatādinā anavajjābhipatthanāvasena <a name="V1.0361"></a> pavattanato ‘‘kattukāmatā chando ādī’’ti vuttaṃ. Upekkhābrahmavihāropi hi sattesu anirākatahitacchandoyeva ‘‘tattha abyāvaṭatā apaṇṇakapaṭipadā’’ti ajjhupekkhanākārena pavattati mātā viya sakiccapasute putte. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena tadekaṭṭhakilesānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Katthaci sattaggahaṇampi saṅkhāraggahaṇameva hoti puggalādhiṭṭhānāya desanāya yathā ‘‘sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā’’ti (a. ni. 10.27; khu. pā. 4.1), na evamidhāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paññattidhammavasena eko vā satto aneke vā sattā ārammaṇa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Paññattidhammavasenā</span>ti paññattisaṅkhātadhammavasena. Kāmañcettha ‘‘sukhitā hontū’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.23) bhāvanāyaṃ sukhādiggahaṇampi labbhati. Taṃ pana ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā’’ti (dha. pa. 255; theragā. 676; netti. 5) vipassanāya aniccalakkhaṇagahaṇaṃ viya appadhānabhūtaṃ, sattapaññatti eva padhānabhāvena gayhatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Upacāre vā</span> patte <span class="bld">ārammaṇavaḍḍhanaṃ</span> tatthāpi sīmāsambhedasiddhitoti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekamāvāsaṃ paricchinditvā</span>ti ettha ‘‘satte mettāya pharissāmī’’ti evaṃ ñāṇena paricchedaṃ katvā ekā racchā paricchinditabbāti yojanā. Racchāgahaṇena racchāvāsino sattā gahitā yathā ekaṃ disanti. Evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. <span class="bld">Kasiṇānaṃ nissando</span>ti kasiṇajjhānānaṃ nissandaphalasadisā <span class="bld">āruppā</span> arūpajjhānāni, kasiṇajjhānānaṃ pāripūriyāva sijjhanato. Tehi vinā asijjhanatoti keci. <span class="bld">Samādhinissando</span>ti rūpajjhānasamādhīnaṃ, heṭṭhimānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ arūpajjhānasamādhīnañca nissando paṭipāṭiyā te adhigantvāva paṭilabhitabbato<a name="M1.0384"></a>. <span class="bld">Vipassanānissando</span> vipassanānubhāvena laddhabbato, vipassanāvaseneva ca samāpajjitabbato. <span class="bld">Samathavipassanānissando nirodhasamāpatti</span>. Yathāha ‘‘dvīhi balehi samannāgatattā’’tiādi (visuddhi. 2.868). <span class="bld">‘‘Purimabrahmavihārattayanissando’’</span>ti iminā mettādivasena tīṇi jhānāni adhigantvā ṭhitasseva upekkhābrahmavihāro, na itarassāti dasseti. Tamevatthaṃ upamāya pākaṭataraṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. <span class="bld">Siyā</span>ti vuccamānākārena siyā kassaci parivitakko. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu mettādīsu brahmavihāratā veditabbā, itarakammaṭṭhānāni attahitapaṭipattimattāni. Imāni pana ‘‘sabbe <a name="V1.0362"></a> sattā sukhitā hontū’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.22) parahitapaṭipattibhūtāni. Tasmā sattesu sammā paṭipattibhāvena seṭṭhā ete vihārā. <span class="bld">Brahmāno</span>ti upapattibrahmāno. Te hi idha jhānabhāvanāya vinīvaraṇacittā hutvā brahmaloke uppannā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ vinīvaraṇacittāva honti. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘niddosacittā viharantī’’</span>ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Brahmāno</span>ti vā sakalabuddhaguṇahetubhūtānaṃ dānapāramitādīnaṃ buddhakaradhammānaṃ paripūraṇavasena brūhitaguṇā mahāsattā bodhisattā. Te hi sabbasattānaṃ hitesanena, ahitāpanayanena, sampattipamodanena, sabbattha vivajjitāgatigamanamajjhattabhāvādhiṭṭhānena ca niddosacittā viharanti. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathā te upapattibrahmāno, mahābodhisattabrahmāno vā, evaṃ etehi brahmavihārehi sampayuttā samaṅgībhūtā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. <span class="bld">Catassovātiādipañhassā</span>ti catassotiādikassa tividhassa pañhassa. <span class="bld">Visuddhimaggādivasā</span>ti ettha byāpādasaṃkilesādito visujjhanupāyo visuddhimaggo. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena hitūpasaṃhārādimanasikāravisesā saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">Āsaṃ</span> mettādīnaṃ. <span class="bld">Appamāṇe</span>ti pamāṇarahite. <span class="bld">Yenā</span>ti yena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti tasmā. <span class="bld">Da</span>-kāro padasandhikaro.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Byāpādabahulassa visuddhimaggoti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ, ujuvipaccanīkabhāvatoti adhippāyo. Esa nayo sesesupi. Pakkhapātavasena anābhujanamanābhogo majjhattākāroti adhippāyo. Yvāyaṃ catubbidho sattesu <a name="M1.0385"></a> manasikāro vutto, tameva upamāya dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā ca yathā mātā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha vuttassāpi hitūpasaṃhārādiatthassa upameyyabhāvaṃ upanetvā dassetuṃ atthupanayanattho <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā cā’’</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo. <span class="bld">Pariyāye</span>ti vāre, tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kiccavasena parivattanakkameti attho. <span class="bld">Abyāvaṭā</span>ti anussukkā. <span class="bld">Tathā</span>ti yathā mātā daharādīsu puttesu, tathā sabbasattesu mettādivasena mettāyanādivasikena bhavitabbanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sabbepi saṃkilesadhammā yathārahaṃ dosamoharāgapakkhiyā, tehi ca visujjhanupāyo appamaññā, hitūpasaṃhārādivasena catubbidho ca sattesu manasikāro, tasmā visuddhimaggādivasā catassova appamaññā. <span class="bld">Catassopi etā bhāvetukāmena</span> na ekekanti adhippāyo. Sati hi sabbasaṅgahe kamena bhavitabbaṃ. Hitesitā mettāyananti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ patthitahitāna’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Sambhāvetvā vā</span>ti ‘‘imāya paṭipattiyā ayaṃ nirayādīsu nibbatteyyā’’ti parikappetvā vā. Dukkhāpanayanākaārappavattivasena <a name="V1.0363"></a> paṭipajjitabbanti sambandho. <span class="bld">Tato para</span>nti tato hitākārappavattiādito paraṃ. <span class="bld">Kattabbābhāvato</span>ti catutthassa pakārassa kattabbassa abhāvato. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kamo</span>ti ayaṃ imāsaṃ appamaññānaṃ yebhuyyena pavattanakkamoti katvā vuttaṃ, na ‘‘imināva kamena etāsaṃ pavatti, na aññathā’’ti. Mettādīnaṃ hi tissannaṃ bhāvanānaṃ kamaniyamo natthi, yaṃ vā taṃ vā paṭhamaṃ bhāvetuṃ labbhā, desanākkamavasena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekasattassāpī</span>ti ekassāpi sattassa. Appaṭibhāganimittattā paricchedaggahaṇaṃ natthi, na ca sammutisaccavasena pavattaṃ sattaggahaṇaṃ paricchinnarūpādiggahaṇaṃ hotīti appanāppattiyā aparāmāsasattaggahaṇamuddhabhūtānaṃ mettādīnaṃ ekasattārammaṇānampi appamāṇagocaratā vuttā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ pamāṇaṃ aggahetvā</span>ti yathā uddhumātakādīsu atirekuddhumātakādibhāvappatte padese nimittaṃ gayhati, evaṃ pamāṇaṃ aggahetvā. <span class="bld">Sakalapharaṇavasenā</span>ti niravasesapharaṇavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para270"></a><span class="paranum">270</span>. <span class="bld">Nissaraṇattā</span>ti ettha yaṃ yassa nissaraṇaṃ, taṃ tassa ujupaṭipakkhabhūtameva hoti. Yathā kāmānaṃ nekkhammaṃ, rūpānaṃ āruppā, saṅkhārānaṃ nibbānaṃ<a name="M1.0386"></a>, evaṃ domanassasahitānaṃ byāpādavihiṃsāratīnaṃ nissaraṇabhūtā mettākaruṇāmuditā na somanassarahitā honti. Nissaraṇaggahaṇeneva ca pubbabhāgiyānaṃ tāsaṃ upekkhāsampayogopi anuññātoti daṭṭhabbaṃ anissaraṇabhāvato. Tathā hi aṭṭhavīsatiyā cittuppādesu karuṇāmuditānaṃ pavattiṃ ācariyā icchanti. Na hi brahmavihārupekkhā upekkhāvedanaṃ vinā vattati pārisuddhiupekkhā viya. Na hi kadāci pārisuddhiupekkhā vedanupekkhaṃ vinā vattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. <span class="bld">Sātasahagata</span>nti sukhasahagataṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘tato tvaṃ bhikkhū’’tiādikāya (a. ni. 8.63) desanāya catunnampi appamaññānaṃ savitakkādibhāvo viya upekkhāsahagatabhāvopi viññāyati, tasmā. <span class="bld">Catassopi appamaññā catukkapañcakajjhānikā</span>ti codakassa adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Evañhi satī</span>ti yadi mūlasamādhimhi vuttamatthaṃ anantaraṃ vuttatāya brahmavihāresu pakkhipati, evaṃ sante kāyānupassanādayopi catukkapañcakajjhānikā siyuṃ, na pana honti vipassanāvasena desitattāti adhippāyo, hontu kāyānupassanādayo ānāpānabhāvanāvasena catukkapañcakajjhānikāti vadeyyāti āsaṅkanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘vedanādīsū’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Byañjanacchāyāmattaṃ gahetvā</span>ti ‘‘mettā me cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissatī’’tiādīhi <a name="V1.0364"></a> byañjanehi pakāsito eva cittasamādhi ‘‘ajjhattaṃ me cittaṃ ṭhitaṃ bhavissatī’’tiādīhipi byañjanehi pakāsitoti byañjanato labbhamānasamādhicchāyāmattaṃ gahetvā ubhayattha labbhamānaṃ adhippāyaṃ aggahetvāti attho. Suttatthaṃ hi aññathā vadanto ayathāvāditāya satthāraṃ apavadanto nāma hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘mā bhagavantaṃ abbhācikkhī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. ‘‘Tayimaṃ dosaṃ pariharitukāmena na sabbaṃ suttaṃ nītatthameva, tasmā garukulato adhippāyo maggitabbo’’ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘gambhīraṃ hī’’</span>tiādiṃ vatvā tattha ādito paṭṭhāya adhippāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayañhī’’</span>tiādimāha. Āyācitā dhammadesanā etenāti āyācitadhammadesano, taṃ <span class="bld">āyācitadhammadesanaṃ. Evamevā</span>ti garahane nipāto, mudā evāti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti gocarajjhatte, kammaṭṭhānārammaṇeti attho<a name="M1.0387"></a>. Yasmā cittekaggatā nāma sasantatipariyāpannā hoti, tasmā atthavaṇṇanāyaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘niyakajjhattavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ ṭhitaṃ bhavissatī</span>ti bahiddhā avikkhippamānaṃ ekaggabhāve ṭhitaṃ bhavissati. Tato eva <span class="bld">susaṇṭhitaṃ,</span> suṭṭhu samāhitanti attho. <span class="bld">Uppannā</span>ti avikkhambhitā. <span class="bld">Pāpakā</span>ti lāmakā. <span class="bld">Akusalā dhammā</span>ti kāmacchandādayo akosallasambhūtaṭṭhena akusalā dhammā. Cittaṃ pariyādāya pavattituṃ okāsādānena kusalacittaṃ khepetvā na ca ṭhassantīti yojanā. Iminā yathāvuttassa samādhānassa kāraṇamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittekaggatāmatto</span>ti bhāvanamanuyuttena paṭiladdhamattaṃ nātisubhāvitaṃ samādhānaṃ. Taṃ pana upari vuccamānānaṃ samādhivisesānaṃ mūlakāraṇabhāvato <span class="bld">‘‘mūlasamādhī’’</span>ti vutto. Svāyaṃ cittekaggatāmatto ‘‘ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṃ karomi samādahāmī’’tiādīsu viya khaṇikasamādhi adhippeto. Yatheva hi aññatthāpi ‘‘āraddhaṃ kho pana me, bhikkhave, vīriyaṃ ahosi asallīnaṃ…pe… samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekagga’’nti (a. ni. 8.11; pārā. 11) vatvā ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādivacanato (a. ni. 8.11) paṭhamaṃ vuttacittekaggatā ‘‘khaṇikasamādhī’’ti viññāyati, evamidhāpīti. <span class="bld">So eva samādhī</span>ti mūlasamādhimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti bhikkhuno, assa vā mūlasamādhissa. <span class="bld">Bhāvana</span>nti vaḍḍhanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ samādhī</span>ti ca mūlasamādhiyeva adhippeto. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhāvito</span>ti yathā araṇisahitena uppādito aggi gomayacuṇṇādīhi <a name="V1.0365"></a> vaḍḍhito gomayaggiādibhāvaṃ pattopi araṇisahitena uppāditamūlaggītveva vuccati, evamidhāpi mūlasamādhi eva mettādivasena vaḍḍhitoti katvā vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññesupi ārammaṇesu</span> pathavīkasiṇādīsu. Tattha yathā mettābhāvanāpubbaṅgamena bhāvanānayena pathavīkasiṇādīsu savitakkādibhāvavasena catukkapañcakajjhānasampāpanavidhinā mūlasamādhissa bhāvanā vuttā, evaṃ karuṇādibhāvanāpubbaṅgamaṃ pathavīkasiṇādīsupi bhāvanāvidhiṃ dassetvā pacchā kāyānupassanādipubbaṅgamaṃ bhāvanāvidhiṃ dassento āsavakkhayāya dhammaṃ desesi. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘karuṇā me cetovimuttī’’</span>tiādi. Yadi evaṃ dhammānupassanāpariyosānāya desanāya arahattādhigamāya kammaṭṭhānassa <a name="M1.0388"></a> kathitattā puna ‘‘tato tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ samādhiṃ savitakkampī’’tiādi (a. ni. 8.63) kasmā vuttanti? Dhammānupassanāya matthakappattidassanatthaṃ. Sā hi saṅkhārupekkhābhāvena vattamānā yathāvuttajjhānadhamme sammasantī visesato matthakappattā nāma hoti. Phalasamāpattibhūmidassanatthaṃ vuttanti keci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <span class="bld">yato kho te</span>tiādi arahattappattito uddhaṃ laddhabbaphāsuvihāradassanaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gagghasī</span>ti gamissasi. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ‘‘savitakkampī’’tiādikā desanā mettādīnaṃ ārammaṇato aññasmiṃ ārammaṇe samādhiṃ sandhāya vuttā, na appamaññā, tasmā. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathevā’’</span>tiādinā ganthantarenapi tamevatthaṃ samattheti. Tattha <span class="bld">tathevā</span>ti tikacatukkajjhānavaseneva. <span class="bld">Abhidhamme</span>ti cittuppādakaṇḍe (dha. sa. 251 ādayo), appamaññāvibhaṅgādīsu (vibha. 684 ādayo) ca tattha tattha abhidhammappadesesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para273"></a><span class="paranum">273</span>. <span class="bld">Subhaparamādivasenā</span>ti <span class="bld">subha</span>-saddo ‘‘subhanteva adhimutto hotī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.212; a. ni. 8.66) evaṃ vuttasubhavimokkhaṃ sandhāya vutto uttarapadalopena. <span class="bld">Parama</span>-saddo ukkaṃsattho. Subho subhavimokkho paramo ukkaṃso paramā koṭi etissāti subhaparamā, mettācetovimutti, tato paraṃ tāya sādhetabbaṃ natthīti attho. Asādhāraṇassa atthassa adhippetattā vipassanāsukhādayo idha anavasarā. Itaretaravisiṭṭhāpete visesā, pageva parehi. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘aññamaññaṃ asadiso ānubhāvaviseso veditabbo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Visesetvā</span>ti aññamaññaṃ visiṭṭhaṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassa</span> <a name="V1.0366"></a> <span class="bld">tassa upanissayattā</span>ti subhavimokkhādikassa tassa tassa vimokkhassa pakatūpanissayavasena upanissayapaccayabhāvato. Idāni tamatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ katvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mettāvihārissā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Assa mettāvihārissa cittaṃ upasaṃharatoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Appaṭikkūlaparicayā</span>ti mettābhāvanāvasena sattasaññite yattha katthaci ārammaṇe appaṭikkūlākāreneva gahaṇassa paricitattā. Tassa saṅkhārabhūtampi yaṃ kiñci ārammaṇaṃ appaṭikkūlākāreneva paccupatiṭṭhati, pageva sabhāvato. ‘‘Appaṭikkūla’’nti <a name="M1.0389"></a> tatthassa cittaṃ abhirativasena nirāsaṅkaṃ pavattati, paccanīkadhammehi ca sukhena, suṭṭhu ca vimuccati, yatassa jhānassa vimokkhapariyāyo vutto. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘appaṭikkūlesū’’</span>tiādi. Yathāvutto ca attho anatthacaraṇādiadhippāyena sacetane ārammaṇe āghātaṃ uppādentassa paṭikkūlaparicayā acetanepi vātātapādike āghātuppattiyā vibhāvetabbo. <span class="bld">Na tato para</span>nti tato subhavimokkhato paraṃ kassaci vimokkhassa upanissayo na hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abhihananti etenāti abhighāto, daṇḍo abhighāto yassa taṃ daṇḍābhighātaṃ, taṃ ādi yassa taṃ daṇḍābhighātādi, daṇḍābhighātādi rūpaṃ nimittaṃ yassa taṃ <span class="bld">daṇḍābhighātādirūpanimittaṃ</span>. Kiṃ pana tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sattadukkha’’</span>nti, daṇḍappahārādijanitaṃ karajarūpahetukaṃ sattānaṃ uppajjanakadukkhanti attho. <span class="bld">Rūpe ādīnavo suparividito hoti</span> karuṇāvihārissa rūpanimittattā, dukkhassa karuṇāya ca paradukkhāsahanarasattāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tattha</span> ākāse. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pakkhandati</span> sabbaso rūpānaṃ abhāvo vivaramapagamoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tena tenā</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ yojanā – tena tena bhogasampattiādinā pāmojjakāraṇena pamuditānaṃ sattānaṃ uppannapāmojjaviññāṇaṃ samanupassantassa yogino ‘‘sādhu vatāyaṃ satto pamodatī’’ti muditāya pavattisambhavato pamuditaviññāṇassa dassanena viññāṇaggahaṇaparicitaṃ cittaṃ hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anukkamādhigata</span>nti ākāsakasiṇavajje yattha katthaci kasiṇe rūpāvacarajjhānādhigamānukkamena rūpavirāgabhāvanāya adhigataṃ. Ākāsanimittaṃ gocaro etassāti ākāsanimittagocaraṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">ākāsanimittagocare</span> paṭhamāruppaviññāṇe. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ upasaṃharato</span>ti dutiyāruppādhigamāya bhāvanācittaṃ nentassa, tathā bhāvayatoti attho. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ <a name="V1.0367"></a> paṭhamāruppaviññāṇe. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti viññāṇañcāyatanacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatī</span>ti anupavisati vimokkhabhāvena appeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ābhogābhāvato</span>ti ‘‘sukhitā hontū’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 2.23) sukhāsīsanādivasena ābhujanābhāvato. Sattānaṃ sukhāsīsanādivasena pavattamānā <a name="M1.0390"></a> mettādibhāvanāva paramatthaggahaṇamukhena satte ārammaṇaṃ karoti, upekkhābhāvanā pana tathā appavattitvā kevalaṃ ajjhupekkhanavaseneva satte ārammaṇaṃ karotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘upekkhāvihārissa sukhadukkhādiparamatthaggāhavimukhabhāvato avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhaṃ cittaṃ hotī’’</span>ti. Nanu ca ‘‘kammassakā sattā, te kassa ruciyā sukhitā vā bhavissantī’’tiādinā paṭikkhepavasenapi paramatthaggahaṇamukheneva upekkhābrahmavihāropi satte ārammaṇaṃ karotīti? Saccametaṃ, taṃ pana bhāvanāya pubbabhāge, matthakappattiyaṃ pana kevalaṃ ajjhupekkhanavaseneva satte ārammaṇaṃ karotīti savisesaṃ paramatthato avijjamāne eva visaye tassa pavatti. Avijjamānaggahaṇadukkhatā ca ajjhupekkhanavasena appanāppattiyā aparāmāsasattaggahaṇamuddhabhūtatāya veditabbā. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para274"></a><span class="paranum">274</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbāpetā</span>ti sabbāpi etā appamaññā. <span class="bld">Dānādīna</span>nti pāramibhāvappattānaṃ dānādīnaṃ buddhakaradhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakalyāṇadhammāna</span>nti sabbesaṃ anavajjadhammānaṃ, samatiṃsāya pāramitānaṃ, tannimittānaṃ buddhayāniyānañca, sabbehi vā sundarasabhāvānaṃ. Na hi lokiyadhammā buddhakaradhammehi ānubhāvato ukkaṭṭhā nāma atthi, buddhadhammesu vattabbameva natthi. <span class="bld">Paripūrikā</span>ti parivuddhikarā. Adhiṭṭhānāni viya hi appamaññā sabbāsaṃ pāramitānaṃ pāripūrikarā. <span class="bld">‘‘Hitajjhāsayatāyā’’</span>tiādinā mettābrahmavihārādīnaṃ upekkhābrahmavihārassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvadassanamukhena catūhi appamaññāhi attano santānassa pageva abhisaṅkhatattā mahābodhisattā dānādipāramiyo pūretuṃ samatthā honti, nāññathāti imamatthaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Imassa dātabbaṃ, imassa na dātabba</span>nti nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, ‘‘idaṃ dātabbaṃ, idaṃ na dātabbanti ca vibhāgaṃ akatvā’’ti vattabbato. Deyyapaṭiggāhakavikapparahitā hi dānapāramitā. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yathāpi kumbho sampuṇṇo, yassa kassaci adhokato;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Vamatevudakaṃ nissesaṃ, na tattha parirakkhatī’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.118);</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sabbasattāna’’nti <a name="V1.0368"></a> idaṃ ‘‘sukhanidāna’’nti imināpi sambandhitabbaṃ, ‘‘dentī’’ti iminā ca. Tena deyyadhammena viya dānadhammenāpi mahāsattānaṃ lokassa bahūpakāratā <a name="M1.0391"></a> vuttā hoti, tathā tassa pariṇāmanato. Tadatthadīpanatthaṃ hi ‘‘vibhāgaṃ akatvā’’ti vatvāpi ‘‘sabbasattāna’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tesa</span>nti sabbasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upaghāta</span>nti etthāpi ‘‘vibhāgaṃ akatvā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Ayaṃ hettha padayojanā – vibhāgaṃ akatvā upaghātaṃ parivajjayantā sabbasattānaṃ sukhanidānaṃ sīlaṃ samādiyantīti. Sattakālavikapparahitā hi sīlapāramitā, lokatthameva cassa phalaṃ pariṇamīyati. <span class="bld">Nekkhammaṃ bhajantī</span>ti pabbajjaṃ upagacchanti. Pabbajitassa hi sabbaso sīlaṃ paripūrati, na gahaṭṭhassa. Idhāpi ‘‘vibhāgaṃ akatvā sabbasattānaṃ sukhanidāna’’nti idaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Na hi bodhisattā kālavibhāgaṃ katvā pabbajjaṃ anutiṭṭhanti, sīlaṃ vā samādiyanti, nidassanamattañcetaṃ jhānādinekkhammabhajanassāpi icchitabbattā. Sabbasattānaṃ sukhanidānatā heṭṭhā vuttanayāva. Esa nayo sesesupi. <span class="bld">Hitāhitesū</span>ti atthānatthesu. <span class="bld">Asammohatthāyā</span>ti sammohaviddhaṃsanāya. <span class="bld">Paññaṃ pariyodapentī</span>ti yogavihitaṃ vijjāṭṭhānādiṃ assutaṃ suṇantā sutaṃ vodapentā ahaṃkāramamaṃkārādiṃ vidhunantā ñāṇaṃ visodhenti. ‘‘Ahaṃ mamā’’ti vikapparahitā hi paññāpāramitā. <span class="bld">Hitasukhatthāyā</span>ti sattānaṃ hitasukhādivuddhiyatthameva. <span class="bld">Nicca</span>nti satataṃ avicchedena paṭipakkhena avokiṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīriyamārabhantī</span>ti yathā sattānaṃ anuppannaṃ hitasukhaṃ uppajjati, uppannaṃ abhivaḍḍhati, evaṃ parakkamaṃ karonti. Saṅkocavikkheparahitā hi vīriyapāramitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Vīrabhāvaṃ pattāpī’’</span>ti iminā aparaddhānaṃ niggahasamatthataṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Nānappakārakaṃ aparādhaṃ khamantī</span>ti mammacchedanākārena attani pavattitaṃ nānāvidhaṃ aparādhaṃ sahanti. Attaparavikappavirahitā hi dosasahanā khantipāramitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭiññaṃ na visaṃvādentī</span>ti avisaṃvādanasāmaññena sabbassapi anariyavohārassa akaraṇamāha. Paṭiññāte, apaṭiññāte ca diṭṭhādike micchāvikapparahitā hi saccapāramitā. <span class="bld">Avicalādhiṭṭhānā</span>ti yathāsamādinnesu dānādidhammesu niccalādhiṭṭhāyino acalasamādānādhiṭṭhānā, samādinnesu ca buddhakaradhammesu sammadeva avaṭṭhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānapāramitā. <span class="bld">Tesū</span>ti sattesu. <span class="bld">Avicalāyā</span>ti paṭipakkhena akampanīyāya. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathāvuttena sattesu hitajjhāsayatādiākārena. Yathā ca brahmavihārādhiṭṭhānā pāramiyo, evaṃ adhiṭṭhānādhiṭṭhānāpi. Tathā hi yathāpaṭiññaṃ parānuggahāya pāramīnaṃ <a name="M1.0392"></a> anuṭṭhānena saccādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tappaṭipakkhapariccāgato <a name="V1.0369"></a> cāgādhiṭṭhānaṃ, pāramīhi sacittupasamato upasamādhiṭṭhānaṃ, tāhi parahitūpāyakosallato paññādhiṭṭhānaṃ. Evaṃ paccekampi pāramitāsu yathārahaṃ netabbaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato pana pāramitāsu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ paramatthadīpaniyaṃ <span class="bld">cariyāpiṭakavaṇṇanāyaṃ</span> vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ, ativitthārabhayena na vitthārayimha. Tathā dasabalañāṇādiketi. <span class="bld">Etāva hontī</span>ti etā honti evāti yojanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Brahmavihāraniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti navamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">10. Āruppaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Paṭhamāruppavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para275"></a><span class="paranum">275</span>. <span class="bld">Uddiṭṭhesū</span>ti <a name="M1.0393"></a><a name="V1.0370"></a> ‘‘cattāro āruppā’’ti evaṃ uddiṭṭhesu, niddhāraṇe cetaṃ bhummaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘catūsu āruppesū’’</span>ti. Tattha rūpavivekena arūpaṃ, arūpameva āruppaṃ jhānaṃ, idha pana tadatthaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Taṃ bhāvetukāmo catutthajjhānaṃ uppādetīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Rūpādhikaraṇa</span>nti rūpahetu. Hetuattho hi ettha <span class="bld">adhikaraṇa</span>-saddo ‘‘kāmādhikaraṇa’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.168-169) viya. Daṇḍanaṭṭhena daṇḍo, muggarādi. Parapīḷādhippāyena tassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">daṇḍādānaṃ</span>. Sattānaṃ sasanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">satthaṃ,</span> āvudhaṃ. Bhaṇḍanaṃ <span class="bld">kalaho</span>. Virodho <span class="bld">viggaho</span>. Nānāvādo <span class="bld">vivādo. Eta</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ daṇḍādānādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti anavasesato. <span class="bld">Āruppe</span> arūpabhāve, āruppe vā bhave. <span class="bld">Rūpānaṃyevā</span>ti diṭṭhādīnavānaṃ rūpānaṃyeva, na arūpānanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Nibbidāyā</span>ti vikkhambhanavasena nibbindanatthāya. <span class="bld">Virāgāyā</span>ti virajjanatthāya. <span class="bld">Nirodhāyā</span>ti nirujjhanatthāya. Sabbametaṃ samatikkamaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Daṇḍādānādīna</span>nti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena adinnādānādikaṃ sabbaṃ rūpahetukaṃ anatthaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, na idha pāḷiyaṃ āgatamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Karajarūpe</span>ti yathāvuttādīnavādhikaraṇabhāvayogyaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ, oḷārikarūpeti attho. <span class="bld">Ādīnava</span>nti dosaṃ. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti rūpassa. <span class="bld">Āloko</span>ti vaṇṇaviseso evāti tattha pavattaṃ paṭibhāganimittaṃ ugghāṭetvā siyā ākāsanimittaṃ uggahetuṃ, na pana paricchinnākāsakasiṇaṃ ugghāṭetvā. Tassa hi ugghāṭanā nāma rūpanimitteneva siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ṭhapetvā paricchinnākāsakasiṇaṃ navasū’’</span>ti. Keci pana ‘‘ālokakasiṇampi ṭhapetvā aṭṭhasū’’ti vadanti, tassa pana ṭhapane kāraṇaṃ na dissati, karajarūpaṃ atikkantaṃ hoti tassa anālambanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ kasmā ‘‘catutthajjhānavasenā’’ti vuttaṃ. Nanu paṭhamajjhānādīnipi tassa anālambanavaseneva pavattanti paṭibhāganimittārammaṇattā? Saccametaṃ, oḷārikaṅgappahānato pana santasabhāvena <a name="V1.0371"></a> āneñjappattena catutthajjhānena atikkantaṃ suṭṭhu atikkantaṃ nāma hotīti <span class="bld">‘‘catutthajjhānavasenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ<a name="M1.0394"></a>. Keci ‘‘assāsapassāsānaṃ nirujjhanato, kāmadhātusamatikkamanato cā’’ti vadanti, taṃ akāraṇaṃ, itaresaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānarūpānaṃ sambhavato, heṭṭhimajjhānānañca akāmadhātusaṃvattanīyato. <span class="bld">Tappaṭibhāgamevā</span>ti karajarūpapaṭibhāgameva nimittaggāhasambhavato. Sadisañca nāma taṃ na hoti, tasmā kiṃ tassa samatikkamanenāti anuyogaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ? Yathā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">katha</span>nti kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Yathā</span>ti opammatthe nipāto. <span class="bld">Lekhācitta</span>nti kāḷavaṇṇādinā kataparikammāya lekhāya cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Phalitantara</span>nti vivaraṃ. <span class="bld">Disvā</span>ti dūrato disvā. <span class="bld">Samānarūpasaddasamudācāra</span>nti sadisarūpasaṇṭhānasarappayogaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ārammaṇavasenā</span>ti ‘‘mama cakkhu sobhanaṃ, mama kāyo thiro, mama parikkhārā sundarā’’ti evaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇavasena. <span class="bld">Karajarūpasamaṅgikālo</span>ti attano attabhāvarūpena ceva ārammaṇarūpena ca samannāgatakālo. <span class="bld">Tampī</span>ti kasiṇarūpassapi. Sāmiatthe hi idaṃ upayogavacanaṃ. Bhayasantāsaadassanakāmatā viya samatikkamitukāmatāti yojanā. Idañca yathāvuttānaṃ nibbidāvirāganirodhānaṃ sādhāraṇavacanaṃ. Te hi tayo apekkhitvā bhayasantāsaadassanakāmatā vuttā. Eko kira sunakho vane sūkarena pahaṭamatto palāto, so arūpadassanavelāya bhattapacanaukkhaliṃ dūrato disvā sūkarasaññāya bhīto uttasanto palāyi, pisācabhīruko puriso rattibhāge aparicite dese matthakacchinnaṃ tālakkhandhaṃ disvā pisācasaññāya bhīto uttasanto mucchito papati, taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sūkarā…pe… veditabbā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para276"></a><span class="paranum">276</span>. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathāvuttaṃ opammatthaṃ nigamento āha. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yogāvacaro. Tasmiṃ jhāne ādīnavaṃ passatīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti kasiṇarūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Santavimokkhato</span>ti arūpajjhānato. Tāni hi ‘‘ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.72; 10.9) santavimokkhāti āgatā. Santatāsiddhi cassa anussutito daṭṭhabbā. <span class="bld">Yathevā</span>ti <span class="bld">eva</span>-kārena yena pakārena etaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ duvaṅgikaṃ, evaṃ āruppānipīti <a name="M1.0395"></a> upekkhācittekaggatāvasena duvaṅgikattaṃ dasseti, na tatiyajjhāne viya duvaṅgikatāmattaṃ. Nanu cetthāpi duvaṅgikatāmattameva bhūmibhedatoti? Nāyaṃ doso upamopameyyabhāvassa bhinnādhikaraṇato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāne. <span class="bld">Nikanti</span>nti apekkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyādāyā</span>ti ādīnavadassanena <a name="V1.0372"></a> tasmiṃ jhāne khepetvā, anapekkho hutvāti attho. Santato manasikaraṇeneva paṇītato, sukhumato ca manasikāro siddho hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘santato anantato manasi karitvā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pattharitvā</span>ti pageva vaḍḍhitaṃ, tadā vaḍḍhanavasena vā pattharitvā. <span class="bld">Tenā</span>ti kasiṇarūpena. <span class="bld">Ugghāṭeti kasiṇa</span>nti rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānassa ārammaṇabhūtaṃ pathavīkasiṇādikasiṇarūpaṃ apaneti. Ugghāṭanavidhiṃ pana dassento <span class="bld">‘‘ugghāṭento hī’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṃvelletī</span>ti paṭisaṃharati. <span class="bld">Aññadatthū</span>ti ekaṃsena. <span class="bld">Neva ubbaṭṭatī</span>ti neva uṭṭhahati. <span class="bld">Na vivaṭṭatī</span>ti na vinivaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Imassā</span>ti imassa kasiṇarūpassa. <span class="bld">Amanasikāra</span>nti manasi akaraṇaṃ acintanaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasikārañca paṭiccā</span>ti ‘‘ākāso ākāso’’ti bhāvanāmanasikārañca nissāya. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānassa ārammaṇabhūtaṃ kasiṇarūpaṃ na sabbena sabbaṃ manasi karoto, tena ca phuṭṭhokāsaṃ ‘‘ākāso ākāso’’ti manasi karoto yadā taṃ bhāvanānubhāvena ākāsaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, tadā so kasiṇaṃ ugghāṭeti nāma, tañca tena ugghāṭitaṃ nāma hotīti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kasiṇugghāṭimākāsamattaṃ paññāyatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Sabbameta</span>nti tividhampetaṃ <span class="bld">ekameva</span> pariyāyabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhantī’’</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ? Nanu rūpāvacarapaṭhamajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāni, tato paṭṭhāya cassa na nesaṃ pariyuṭṭhānaṃ. Yadi siyā, jhānato parihāyeyya? Yaṃ paneke vadanti ‘‘attheva sukhumāni arūpajjhānavikkhambhaneyyāni nīvaraṇāni, tāni sandhāyetaṃ vutta’’nti, taṃ tesaṃ matimattaṃ. Na hi mahaggatakusalesu lokuttarakusalesu viya odhiso pahānaṃ nāma atthi. Yo pana rūpāvacarehi āruppānaṃ uḷāraphalatādiviseso, so bhāvanāvisesena santatarapaṇītatarabhāvena tesuyeva purimapurimehi pacchimapacchimānaṃ <a name="M1.0396"></a> viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Vikkhambhantī’’ti pana vacanaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanavasena vuttaṃ. Tathā hi aññatthāpi heṭṭhā pahīnānaṃ upari pahānaṃ vuccati. Ye pana ‘‘sabbe kusalā dhammā sabbesaṃ akusalānaṃ paṭipakkhāti katvā evaṃ vutta’’nti vadanti, tehi dutiyajjhānūpacārādīsu nīvaraṇavikkhambhanāvacanassa kāraṇaṃ vattabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sati santiṭṭhatī</span>ti ākāsanimittārammaṇā sati sammā sūpaṭṭhitā hutvā tiṭṭhati. Satisīsena cettha upacārajjhānānuguṇānaṃ saddhāpañcamānaṃ sakiccayogaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Upacārenā</span>ti upacārajjhānena. <span class="bld">Idhāpī</span>ti rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ sandhāya sampiṇḍanaṃ. Taṃ hi upekkhāvedanāsampayuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sesa</span>nti ‘‘sesāni kāmāvacarānī’’tiādi. Yaṃ idha vattabbamavuttaṃ, taṃ pana <span class="bld">pathavīkasiṇaniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.51 ādayo) vuttanayānusārena <a name="V1.0373"></a> veditabbanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ yaṃ tattha avisiṭṭhaṃ, taṃ atidisitvā idāni visiṭṭhaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yānapputoḷi kumbhimukhādīna</span>nti oguṇṭhanasivikādiyānānaṃ mukhaṃ yānamukhaṃ, putoḷiyā khuddakadvārassa mukhaṃ putoḷimukhaṃ, kumbhimukhanti paccekaṃ mukha-saddo sambandhitabbo. <span class="bld">Ākāsaṃyeva</span> yānamukhādiparicchinnaṃ. <span class="bld">Parikammamanasikārenā</span>ti parikammabhūtena manasikārena upacārajjhānena. Parikammaṃ anulomaṃ upacāroti ca anatthantarañhetaṃ. <span class="bld">Pekkhamāno</span> arūpāvacarajjhānacakkhunā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbākārenā</span>ti rūpanimittaṃ daṇḍādānasambhavadassanādinā sabbena rūpadhammesu, pathavīkasiṇādirūpanimittesu, tadārammaṇajjhānesu ca dosadassanākārena, tesu eva vā rūpādīsu nikantippahānaanāvajjitukāmatādinā. <span class="bld">Rūpajjhānampi rūpanti vuccati</span> uttarapadalopena ‘‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāvetī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 160; vibha. 625) yathā rūpabhavo rūpaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpī</span>ti hi rūpajjhānalābhīti attho. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇampi</span> kasiṇarūpaṃ <span class="bld">rūpanti vuccati</span> purimapadalopena yathā ‘‘devadatto datto’’ti. <span class="bld">Rūpāni passatī</span>ti kasiṇarūpāni jhānacakkhunā passatīti attho. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā uttarapadalopena, purimapadalopena ca yathākkamaṃ rūpajjhānakasiṇarūpesu rūpavohāro dissati, tasmā. Rūpe rūpajjhāne taṃsahagatā saññā <span class="bld">rūpasaññā. Tadārammaṇassa cā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddena yathāvuttaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānaṃ sampiṇḍeti, tena <a name="M1.0397"></a> pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘rūpasaññāna’’nti sarūpekasesena niddeso katoti dasseti. <span class="bld">Virāgā</span>ti jigucchanato. <span class="bld">Nirodhā</span>ti tappaṭibandhachandarāgavikkhambhanena nirodhanato. Vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kiṃ vuttaṃ hotī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tassa sabbākārena virāgā anavasesānaṃ nirodhāti evaṃ vā ettha yojanā kātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Ārammaṇe avirattassa saññāsamatikkamo na hotī’’</span>ti idaṃ yasmā imāni jhānāni ārammaṇātikkamena pattabbāni, na aṅgātikkamenāti katvā vuttaṃ. Yasmā panettha saññāsamatikkamo ārammaṇasamatikkamena vinā na hoti, tasmā ‘‘samatikkantāsu ca saññāsu ārammaṇaṃ samatikkantameva hotī’’ti āha. Avatvā vuttoti sambandho. <span class="bld">Samāpannassā</span>tiādīsu <a name="V1.0374"></a> kusalasaññāvasena samāpannaggahaṇaṃ, vipākasaññāvasena upapannaggahaṇaṃ, kiriyāsaññāvasena diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraggahaṇaṃ. Arahato hi jhānāni visesato diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro. Yadi saññāsamatikkamassa anunipphādiārammaṇasamatikkamo vibhaṅge ca avutto, atha kasmā idha gahitoti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā panā’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇasamatikkamavasenāpi ayamatthavaṇṇanā katā,</span> ‘‘tadārammaṇassa cetaṃ adhivacana’’ntiādinā vibhaṅge viya saññāsamatikkamameva avatvāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭighātenā</span>ti paṭihananena visayīvisayasamodhānena. <span class="bld">Atthaṅgamā</span>tiādīsu purimaṃ purimaṃ pacchimassa pacchimassa atthavacanaṃ, tasmā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamo jhānasamaṅgikāle anuppattīti tassa idheva gahaṇe kāraṇaṃ anuyogamukhena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kāmañcetā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ussāhajananatthaṃ</span> paṭipajjanakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Etāsaṃ</span> paṭighasaññānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ettha</span> paṭhamāruppakathāyaṃ. <span class="bld">Vacanaṃ</span> atthaṅgamavasena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ vā pasaṃsākittanena, paṭighasaññānaṃ pana atthaṅgamo idheva vattabbattā vuttoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha sabhāvadhammassa abhāvo nāma paṭipakkhena pahīnatāya vā paccayābhāvena vā. Tesu rūpajjhānasamaṅgino paṭighasaññānaṃ abhāvo paccayābhāvamattena, na paṭipakkhādhigamenāti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">tā</span>ti paṭighasaññā<a name="M1.0398"></a>. <span class="bld">Rūpāvacara</span>nti rūpāvacarajjhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpannassā</span>ti samāpajjitvā viharantassa. Kiñcāpi na santīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Na pahīnattā na santī</span>ti na tadā paṭighasaññā pahīnabhāvena na santi nāma. Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘na hi rūpavirāgāya rūpāvacarabhāvanā saṃvattatī’’</span>ti. Nanu ca paṭighasaññāpi arūpadhammā evāti codanaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘rūpāyattā ca etāsaṃ pavattī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ pana bhāvanā</span>ti arūpabhāvanamāha. <span class="bld">Dhāretu</span>nti avadhāretuṃ. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti arūpajjhāne. Āneñjābhisaṅkhāravacanādīhi <span class="bld">āneñjatā</span>. ‘‘Ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā’’tiādinā (a. ni. 8.72; 10.9) <span class="bld">santavimokkhatā ca vuttā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>. Dosadassanapubbakapaṭipakkhabhāvanāvasena paṭighasaññānaṃ suppahīnattā mahatāpi saddena arūpasamāpattito na vuṭṭhāti. Tathā pana na suppahīnattā sabbarūpāvacarasamāpattito vuṭṭhānaṃ siyā, paṭhamajjhānaṃ pana appakampi saddaṃ na sahatīti taṃ samāpannassa saddo kaṇṭakoti <a name="V1.0375"></a> vuttaṃ. Āruppabhāvanāya abhāve cutito uddhaṃ uppattirahānaṃ rūpasaññāpaṭighasaññānaṃ yāva attano vipākappavatti, tāva anuppattidhammatāpādanena samatikkamo, atthaṅgamo ca vutto. Nānattasaññāsu pana yā tasmiṃ bhave na uppajjanti ekantarūpanissitā, tā anokāsatāya na uppajjanti, na āruppabhāvanāya nivāritattā, anivāritattā ca kāci uppajjanti. Tasmā tāsaṃ amanasikāro anāvajjanaṃ apaccavekkhaṇaṃ, javanapaṭipādakena vā bhavaṅgamanassa anto akaraṇaṃ appavesanaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena ca nānattasaññāmanasikārahetūnaṃ rūpānaṃ samatikkamā samādhissa thirabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhepato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Apica imehi tīhi padehi ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā vaṇṇo kathito sotūnaṃ ussāhajananatthaṃ, palobhanatthañca. Ye hi akusalā evaṃgāhino ‘‘sabbassādarahite ākāse pavattitasaññāya ko ānisaṃso’’ti, te tato micchāgāhato nivattetuṃ tīhi padehi jhānassa ānisaṃso kathito. Taṃ hi sutvā tesaṃ evaṃ bhavissati ‘‘evaṃ santā kirāyaṃ samāpatti evaṃ paṇītā, handassā nibbattanatthaṃ ussāhaṃ karissāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti <a name="M1.0399"></a> ākāsassa. Uppādo eva anto <span class="bld">uppādanto,</span> tathā <span class="bld">vayanto</span>. Sabhāvadhammo hi ahutvā sambhavato, hutvā ca vinassanato udayavayaparicchinno. Ākāso pana asabhāvadhammattā tadubhayābhāvato ananto vutto. Ajaṭākāsaparicchinnākāsānaṃ idha anadhippetattā <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsoti kasiṇugghāṭimākāso vuccatī’’</span>ti āha. Kasiṇaṃ ugghāṭīyati etenāti kasiṇugghāṭo, tadeva <span class="bld">kasiṇugghāṭimaṃ. Manasikāravasenāpī</span>ti rūpavivekamattaggahaṇena paricchedassa aggahaṇato anantapharaṇākārena pavattaparikammamanasikāravasenāpi. <span class="bld">Anantaṃ pharatī</span>ti aggahitaparicchedatāya anantaṃ katvā parikammasamphassapubbakena jhānasamphassena phusati. Yathā bhisaggameva bhesajjaṃ, evaṃ <span class="bld">ākāsānantameva ākāsānañcaṃ</span> saṃyogaparassa ta-kārassa ca-kāraṃ katvā. Jhānassa pavattiṭṭhānabhāvato ārammaṇaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘‘āyatanamassā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ, adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhe āyatana-saddassa dassanato. Kāraṇākarasañjātidesanivāsatthepi āyatana-saddo idha yujjateva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Viññāṇañcāyatanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para281"></a><span class="paranum">281</span>. Ciṇṇo <a name="V1.0376"></a> carito paguṇikato āvajjanādilakkhaṇo vasībhāvo etenāti ciṇṇavasībhāvo, tena <span class="bld">ciṇṇavasībhāvena</span>. Rūpāvacarasaññaṃ anatikkamitvā anadhigantabbato, taṃsahagatasaññāmanasikārasamudācārassa hānabhāgiyabhāvāvahato, taṃsamatikkameneva tadaññesaṃ samatikkamitabbānaṃ samatikkamasiddhito ca vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āsannarūpāvacarajjhānapaccatthikā’’</span>ti. Vīthipaṭipannāya bhāvanāya uparūparivisesāvahabhāvato, paṇītabhāvasiddhito ca paṭhamāruppato dutiyāruppaṃ santatarasabhāvanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘no ca viññāṇañcāyatanamiva santā’’</span>ti vakkhati hi ‘‘suppaṇītatarā honti, pacchimā pacchimā idhā’’ti (visuddhi. 1.290). <span class="bld">Anantaṃ ananta</span>nti kevalaṃ ‘‘anantaṃ ananta’’nti <span class="bld">na manasi kātabbaṃ</span> na bhāvetabbaṃ, ‘‘anantaṃ viññāṇaṃ, anantaṃ viññāṇa’’nti pana manasi kātabbaṃ, ‘‘viññāṇaṃ viññāṇa’’nti vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ nimitte</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭhamāruppaviññāṇasaṅkhāte viññāṇanimitte. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ cārentassā</span>ti bhāvanācittaṃ pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Ākāsaphuṭe viññāṇe</span>ti <a name="M1.0400"></a> kasiṇugghāṭimākāsaṃ pharitvā pavatte paṭhamāruppaviññāṇe ārammaṇabhūte. <span class="bld">Appetī</span>ti appanāvasena pavattati. Sabhāvadhammepi ārammaṇasamatikkamabhāvanābhāvato idaṃ appanāppattaṃ hoti catutthāruppaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Appanānayo panettha vuttanayenevā</span>ti ettha dutiyāruppajjhāne purimabhāge tīṇi, cattāri vā javanāni kāmāvacarāni upekkhāvedanāsampayuttāneva honti. ‘‘Catutthaṃ pañcamaṃ vā arūpāvacara’’ntiādinā (visuddhi. 1.276) paṭhamāruppajjhāne vuttena nayena, atha vā <span class="bld">appanānayo</span>ti sabhāvadhammepi ārammaṇe jhānassa appanānayo ārammaṇātikkamabhāvanāvasena āruppaṃ appanaṃ pāpuṇāti, ‘‘appanāppattasseva hi jhānassa ārammaṇasamatikkamanamattaṃ tattha hotī’’ti <span class="bld">maraṇānussatiniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.177) vuttanayena veditabboti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para282"></a><span class="paranum">282</span>. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti sabbākārena paṭhamāruppe ‘‘āsannarūpajjhānapaccatthikatā, asantasabhāvatā’’ti evamādinā sabbena dosadassanākārena, tattha vā nikantipahānaanāvajjitukāmatādiākārena, sabbaṃ vā kusalavipākakiriyābhedato anavasesanti attho. Svāyamattho heṭṭhā vuttanayena ñātuṃ sakkāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sabbasoti idaṃ vuttanayamevā’’</span>ti. Jhānassa ākāsānañcāyatanatā bāhiratthasamāsavasena heṭṭhā vuttāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbe vuttanayena jhānampi ākāsānañcāyatana’’</span>nti<a name="V1.0377"></a>. Ārammaṇassa pana samānādhikaraṇasamāsavasenāti sandassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ārammaṇampī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘‘purimanayenevā’’</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘nāssa anto’’tiādinā vuttapadasiddhiṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yathā adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena, evaṃ sañjātidesaṭṭhenapi āyatana-saddena idha attho yujjatīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tathā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha sañjāyati etthāti sañjāti, sañjāti eva deso <span class="bld">sañjātideso. Jhānaṃ</span> appavattikaraṇena. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> amanasikaraṇena. <span class="bld">Ubhayampi</span> vā ubhayatā yojetabbā. Jhānassapi hi anāvajjanaṃ, javanapaṭipādakena vā bhavaṅgamanassa anto akaraṇaṃ amanasikaraṇaṃ, ārammaṇassa ca ārammaṇakaraṇavasena appavattanaṃ <span class="bld">appavattikaraṇa</span>nti atthassa sambhavato <span class="bld">ekajjhaṃ katvā</span> sāmaññaniddesena, ekasesanayena vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pubbe <a name="M1.0401"></a> anantassa ākāsassa ārammaṇakaraṇavasena paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ attano pharaṇākāreneva ‘‘ananta’’nti manasi kātabbattā ‘‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’’nti vuttanti puna <span class="bld">‘‘manasikāravasena vā ananta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, sabbaso manasikaraṇavasenāti adhippāyo. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘anavasesato manasi karonto ‘ananta’nti manasi karotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Jhānavibhaṅgepi</span> ayamevattho vuttoti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ pana vibhaṅge vutta’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tassā pāḷiyā evaṃ vā attho veditabbo – taṃyeva ākāsaṃ phuṭaṃ viññāṇaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaviññāṇena manasi karotīti. Ayaṃ panattho yutto viya dissati, taṃyeva ākāsaṃ viññāṇena phuṭaṃ tena gahitākāraṃ manasi karoti. Evaṃ taṃ viññāṇaṃ anantaṃ pharatīti. Yaṃ hi ākāsaṃ paṭhamāruppasamaṅgī viññāṇena anantaṃ pharati, taṃ pharaṇākārasahitameva viññāṇaṃ manasi karonto dutiyāruppasamaṅgī anantaṃ pharatīti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manasikāravasena anantapharaṇākārena idha anantatā, na ākāsassa viya uppādantādiabhāvenāti <span class="bld">‘‘nāssa antoti ananta’’</span>nti ettakamevāha. <span class="bld">‘‘Ruḷhīsaddo’’</span>ti iminā ‘‘viññāṇānañca’’nti etassa padassa atthe viññāṇañca-saddo niruḷhoti dasseti, yathāvuttaṃ vā viññāṇaṃ dutiyāruppajjhānena añcīyati vuttākārena ālambīyatīti viññāṇañcanti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Sesaṃ vuttatthamevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘sesaṃ purimasadisamevā’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Ākiñcaññāyatanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. Tatiyāruppakammaṭṭhāne yaṃ heṭṭhā vuttasadisaṃ, taṃ vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ, apubbameva <a name="V1.0378"></a> vaṇṇayissāma. Tattha <span class="bld">tassevā</span>ti yaṃ ārabbha viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ pavattaṃ, tasseva. Kiṃ pana tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇassā’’</span>ti. Etena tato aññaṃ tatiyāruppajjhānassa ārammaṇaṃ natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">‘‘Ārammaṇabhūtassā’’</span>ti iminā tassa anārammaṇabhūtaṃ dutiyāruppaviññāṇaṃ nivatteti. <span class="bld">Abhāvo</span>ti natthitā. <span class="bld">Suññatā</span>ti rittatā. <span class="bld">Vivittākāro</span>ti viveko. Tīhi padehi paṭhamāruppaviññāṇassa apagamameva vadati. ‘‘Manasi kātabbo’’ti vatvā <a name="M1.0402"></a> manasikāravidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ viññāṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">amanasikaritvā</span>ti sabbena sabbaṃ manasi akatvā acintetvā. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo aniyamattho, tena tīsu pakāresu ekenapi atthasiddhīti dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ nimitte</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭhamāruppaviññāṇassa abhāvasaṅkhāte jhānuppattinimitte. <span class="bld">Ākāse phuṭe</span>ti ākāsaṃ pharitvā pavatte. ‘‘Ākāsaphuṭe’’ti vā pāṭho. <span class="bld">Suññavivittanatthibhāve</span>ti suññabhāve, vivittabhāve, natthibhāve cāti yena ākārena bhāvitaṃ, tassa gahaṇatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">suññavivittanatthibhāve</span>ti suññavivittatāsaṅkhāte natthibhāve, tena vināsābhāvameva dasseti, na pure abhāvādike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ hi appanācitte</span>ti ākiñcaññāyatanajjhānasampayutte appanāvasena pavatte citte, tasmiṃ vā paṭhamāruppassa apagamasaṅkhāte natthibhāve yathāvutte appanācitte uppanne. So bhikkhu abhāvameva passanto viharatīti sambandho. Puriso katthaci gantvā āgantvā suññameva passati, natthibhāvameva passatīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Taṃ ṭhāna</span>nti taṃ sannipātaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Parikammamanasikārena antarahite’’</span>ti iminā ārammaṇakaraṇābhāvena tassa antaradhānaṃ na naṭṭhattāti dasseti. Tatridaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – yathā so puriso tattha sannipatitaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ disvā gato, tato sabbesu bhikkhūsu kenacideva karaṇīyena apagatesu āgantvā taṃ ṭhānaṃ bhikkhūhi suññameva passati, na bhikkhūnaṃ tatopi apagatakāraṇaṃ, evamayaṃ yogāvacaro pubbe viññāṇañcāyatanajjhānacakkhunā paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ disvā pacchā natthīti parikammamanasikārena tasmiṃ apagate tatiyāruppajjhānacakkhunā tassa natthibhāvameva passanto viharati, na tassa apagamanakāraṇaṃ vīmaṃsati jhānassa tādisābhogābhāvatoti. <span class="bld">Sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā</span>ti ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para284"></a><span class="paranum">284</span>. Natthitā <a name="V1.0379"></a> pariyāyāsuññavivittabhāvāti ‘‘natthī’’ti padassa atthaṃ vadantena suññavivittapadānipi gahitāni. Āmeḍitavacanaṃ pana bhāvanākāradassanaṃ. Vibhaṅgepi imassa padassa ayamevattho vuttoti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yampi vibhaṅge’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">taññeva viññāṇaṃ abhāvetī</span>ti yaṃ pubbe ‘‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’’nti manasi kataṃ paṭhamāruppaviññāṇaṃ, taṃyevāti attho<a name="M1.0403"></a>. Taṃyeva hi ārammaṇabhūtaṃ paṭhamena viya rūpanimittaṃ tatiyenāruppenābhāvetīti. <span class="bld">Khayato sammasana</span>nti bhaṅgānupassanamāha. Sā hi saṅkhatadhammānaṃ bhaṅgābhāvameva passantī ‘‘viññāṇampi abhāvetī’’tiādinā vattabbataṃ labhatīti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘khayato sammasanaṃ viya vutta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti pāṭhassa. Puna <span class="bld">assā</span>ti viññāṇassa. <span class="bld">Abhāvetī</span>ti abhāvaṃ karoti. Yathā ñāṇassa na upatiṭṭhati, evaṃ karoti amanasikaraṇato. Tato eva <span class="bld">vibhāveti</span> vigatabhāvaṃ karoti, vināseti vā yathā na dissati, tathā karaṇato. Teneva <span class="bld">antaradhāpeti</span> tirobhāvaṃ gameti. <span class="bld">Na aññathā</span>ti imissā pāḷiyā evamattho, na ito aññathā ayujjamānakattāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assā</span>ti paṭhamāruppaviññāṇābhāvassa. <span class="bld">Kiñcana</span>nti kiñcipi. Sabhāvadhammassa appāvasesatā nāma bhaṅgo eva siyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘bhaṅgamattampi assa avasiṭṭhaṃ natthī’’</span>ti. Sati hi bhaṅgamattepi tassa sakiñcanatā siyā. <span class="bld">Akiñcana</span>nti ca viññāṇassa kiñci pakāraṃ aggahetvā sabbena sabbaṃ vibhāvanamāha. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para285"></a><span class="paranum">285</span>. <span class="bld">No ca santā</span>ti yathā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpatti saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattiyā savisesā santā, evamayaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti no ca santā tadabhāvato. Yā ayaṃ khandhesu paccayayāpanīyatāya, rogamūlatāya ca rogasarikkhatā, dukkhatāsūlayogādinā gaṇḍasarikkhatā, pīḷājananādinā sallasarikkhatā ca, sā saññāya sati hoti, nāsatīti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘saññā rogo, saññā gaṇḍo, saññā salla’’</span>nti. Sā cettha paṭukiccā pañcavokārabhavato oḷārikasaññā veditabbā. Na kevalaṃ saññā eva, atha kho vedanācetanādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Saññāsīsena pana niddeso kato. <span class="bld">Etaṃ santa</span>nti etaṃ asantabhāvakararogādisarikkhasaññāvirahato santaṃ. Tato eva <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ</span>. Kiṃ pana tanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nevasaññānāsaññā’’</span>ti<a name="V1.0380"></a>? Tadapadesena <a name="M1.0404"></a> taṃsampayuttajjhānamāha <span class="bld">‘‘ādīnava’’</span>nti. Ettha rogādisarikkhasaññādisabbhāvopi ādīnavo daṭṭhabbo, na āsannaviññāṇañcāyatanapaccatthikatāva. <span class="bld">Uparī</span>ti catutthāruppe. <span class="bld">Sā vā</span>ti sā eva. <span class="bld">Vattitā</span>ti pavattitā nibbattitā vaḷañjitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ nimitte</span>ti tasmiṃ tatiyāruppasamāpattisaṅkhāte jhānanimitte. <span class="bld">Mānasa</span>nti cittaṃ ‘‘mano eva mānasa’’nti katvā, bhāvanāmanasikāraṃ vā. Taṃ hi manasi bhavanti mānasanti vuccati. Jhānasampayuttadhammānampi jhānānuguṇatāya samāpattipariyāyo labbhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattisaṅkhātesu catūsu khandhesū’’</span>ti, ārammaṇabhūtesūti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para286"></a><span class="paranum">286</span>. Yathāvuttaṃ ākiñcaññaṃ ārammaṇapaccayabhāvato āyatanaṃ kāraṇamassāti <span class="bld">jhānaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ,</span> ākiñcaññameva ārammaṇapaccayabhūtaṃ jhānassa kāraṇanti <span class="bld">ārammaṇaṃ ākiñcaññāyatana</span>nti evaṃ vā attho daṭṭhabbo. Sesamettha heṭṭhā vuttanayānusārena veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāya saññāya bhāvato</span>ti yādisāya saññāya atthibhāvena. Yā hi sā paṭusaññākiccassa abhāvato saññātipi na vattabbā, saññāsabhāvānātivattanato asaññātipi na vattabbā, tassā vijjamānattāti attho. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ jhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ tāva dassetu</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">ta</span>nti taṃ sasāpaṭipadaṃ, yathāvuttasaññaṃ, tassā ca adhigamupāyanti attho. <span class="bld">Nevasaññīnāsaññī</span>ti hi puggalādhiṭṭhānena dhammaṃ uddharantena saññāvantamukhena saññā uddhaṭā, aññathā nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti uddharitabbaṃ siyā. Sā pana paṭipadā yattha pavattati, yathā ca pavattati, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ santato manasi karoti, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāvetī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ hi catutthāruppabhāvanāya pavattiṭṭhānaṃ, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti pavattiākāroti. <span class="bld">Yatra hi nāmā</span>ti yā nāma. <span class="bld">Natthibhāvampī</span>ti viññāṇassa suññatampi, evaṃ sukhumampīti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Santārammaṇatāyā</span>ti santaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etissāti santārammaṇā, tabbhāvo santārammaṇatā, tāya, na jhānasantatāya. Na hi tatiyāruppasamāpatti catutthāruppajjhānato santā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Codako <a name="M1.0405"></a> ‘‘yaṃ santato manasi karoti, na tattha ādīnavadassanaṃ bhaveyya. Asati ca ādīnavadassane samatikkamo eva na siyā’’ti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘santato ce manasi karoti, kathaṃ samatikkamo</span> <a name="V1.0381"></a> <span class="bld">hotī’’</span>ti āha. Itaro <span class="bld">‘‘asamāpajjitukāmatāyā’’</span>ti parihāramāha, tena ādīnavadassanampi atthevāti dasseti. <span class="bld">So hī</span>tiādinā vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ karoti. Tattha yasmiṃ jhāne abhirati, tattha āvajjanasamāpajjanādipaṭipattiyā bhavitabbaṃ. Sā panassa tatiyāruppe sabbaso natthi, kevalaṃ aññābhāvato ārammaṇakaraṇamattamevāti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘kiñcāpī’’</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatikkamitvāva gacchatī</span>ti tesaṃ sippīnaṃ jīvikaṃ tiṇāyapi amaññamāno te vītivattatiyeva. <span class="bld">So</span>ti yogāvacaro. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti tatiyāruppasamāpattiṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbe vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘santā vatāyaṃ samāpattī’’tiādinā vuttena nayena santato manasi karonto. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti yāya nevasaññīnāsaññī nāma hoti, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāvetīti vuccati, taṃ saññaṃ pāpuṇātīti yojanā. Saññāsīsena hi desanā. <span class="bld">Paramasukhuma</span>nti ukkaṃsagatasukhumabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti</span>nti ukkaṃsagatasukhumatāya saṅkhārānaṃ sesatāmattaṃ samāpattiṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘accantasukhumabhāvappattasaṅkhāra’’</span>nti. Antamaticca <span class="bld">accantaṃ</span>. Yato sukhumatamaṃ nāma natthi, tathāparamukkaṃsagatasukhumasaṅkhāranti attho. Paṭhamajjhānūpacārato paṭṭhāya hi tacchantiyā viya pavattamānāya bhāvanāya anukkamena saṅkhārā tattha antimakoṭṭhāsataṃ pāpitā, tato paraṃ nirodho eva, na saṅkhārappavattīti. Tena vuccati <span class="bld">‘‘saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para287"></a><span class="paranum">287</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ taṃ</span> catukkhandhaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthato</span>ti kusalādivisesavisiṭṭhaparamatthato. Visesato adhipaññāsikkhāya adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ idhādhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘idha samāpannassa cittacetasikā dhammā adhippetā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Oḷārikāya saññāya abhāvato</span>ti yadipi catutthāruppavipākasaññāya catutthāruppakusalasaññā oḷārikā, tathā vipassanāmaggaphalasaññāhi, tathāpi oḷārikasukhumatā nāma upādāyupādāya gahetabbāti pañcavokārabhavapariyāpannāya viya catuvokārepi heṭṭhā tīsu bhūmīsu saññāya viya oḷārikāya abhāvato. <span class="bld">Sukhumāyā</span>ti saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattiyā sukhumāya saññāya bhāvato vijjamānattā. <span class="bld">Nevasaññā</span>ti ettha <a name="M1.0406"></a> <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro abhāvattho, <span class="bld">nāsañña</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro aññattho, <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro abhāvatthova, asaññaṃ anasaññañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Pariyāpannattā</span>ti ekadesabhāvena antogadhattā. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti catutthāruppe. Dutiye atthavikappe <span class="bld">nevasaññā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro aññattho. Tathā <span class="bld">nāsaññā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">na</span>-kāro, <span class="bld">a</span>-kāro ca aññattho evāti tena dvayena saññābhāvo eva dassitoti dhammāyatanapariyāpannatāya <a name="V1.0382"></a> āyatanabhāvo vuttovāti <span class="bld">‘‘adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ nissayapaccayabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana kāraṇaṃ, yenettha saññāva edisī jātāti anuyogaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘na kevala’’</span>ntiādi. Saññāsīsenāyaṃ desanā katā ‘‘nānattakāyā nānattasaññino’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.341, 359; a. ni. 9.24) viyāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">esa attho</span>ti kañci visesaṃ upādāya sabhāvato atthīti vattabbasseva dhammassa kañci visesaṃ upādāya natthīti vattabbatāsaṅkhāto attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atithokampi yaṃ <span class="bld">telamatthi bhanteti āha</span> akappiyabhāvaṃ upādāya, tadeva <span class="bld">natthi, bhante, telanti āha</span> nāḷipūraṇaṃ upādāya. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘tattha yathā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi ārammaṇasañjānanaṃ saññākiccaṃ, taṃ saññā samānā kathamayaṃ kātuṃ na sakkotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dahanakiccamivā’’</span>tiādi. Saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattiyā eva hesā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti, tato eva ca ñāṇassa sugayhāpi na hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘nibbidājananampi kātuṃ na sakkotī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Akatābhiniveso</span>ti akatavipassanābhiniveso appavattitasammasanacāro. <span class="bld">Pakativipassako</span>ti pakatiyā vipassako. Khandhādimukhena vipassanaṃ abhinivisitvā dvārālambanehi saddhiṃ dvārappavattadhammānaṃ vipassako sakkuṇeyya tabbisayaudayabbayañāṇaṃ uppādetuṃ, yathā pana sakkoti, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘sopī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kalāpasammasanavasenevā</span>ti catutthāruppacittuppādapariyāpanne phassādidhamme avinibbhujja ekato gahetvā kalāpato samūhato sammasanavasena nayavipassanāsaṅkhātakalāpasammasanavasena. Phassādidhamme vinibbhujjitvā visuṃ visuṃ sarūpato gahetvā aniccādivasena sammasanaṃ <span class="bld">anupadadhammavipassanā</span><a name="M1.0407"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sukhumattaṃ gatā</span> yathā dhammasenāpatināpi nāma anupadaṃ na vipassaneyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Therassā</span>ti aññatarassa therassa. <span class="bld">Aññāhipī</span>ti ettha ayamaparā upamā – eko kira brāhmaṇo aññataraṃ purisaṃ manuññaṃ mattikabhājanaṃ gahetvā ṭhitaṃ disvā yāci ‘‘dehi me imaṃ bhājana’’nti. So surāsittataṃ sandhāya ‘‘nāyyo sakkā dātuṃ, surā ettha atthī’’ti āha. Brāhmaṇo <a name="V1.0383"></a> attano samīpe ṭhitaṃ purisaṃ uddissa āha ‘‘tena hi imassa pātuṃ dehī’’ti. Itaro ‘‘natthayyo’’ti āha. Tattha yathā brāhmaṇassa ayogyabhāvaṃ upādāya ‘‘atthī’’tipi vattabbaṃ, pātabbatāya tattha abhāvato ‘‘natthī’’tipi vattabbaṃ jātaṃ, evaṃ idhāpīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha yathā heṭṭhā ‘‘ananto ākāso, anantaṃ viññāṇaṃ, natthi kiñcī’’ti tattha tattha bhāvanākāro gahito, evaṃ koci bhāvanākāro na gahitoti? Keci tāva āhu – ‘‘bhāvanākāro nāma sopacārassa jhānassa yathāsakaṃ ārammaṇe pavattiākāro, ārammaṇañcettha ākiñcaññāyatanadhammā. Te pana gayhamānā ekassa vā pubbaṅgamadhammassa vasena gahetabbā siyuṃ, sabbe eva vā. Tattha paṭhamapakkhe viññāṇassa gahaṇaṃ āpannanti ‘viññāṇaṃ viññāṇa’nti manasikāre catutthāruppassa viññāṇañcāyatanabhāvo āpajjati. Dutiyapakkhe pana sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanadhammārammaṇatāya jhānassa ‘ākiñcaññaṃ ākiñcañña’nti manasikāre ākiñcaññāyatanatā vā siyā, abhāvārammaṇatā vā. Sabbathā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanabhāvo na labbhatī’’ti. Tadidamakāraṇaṃ tathā jhānassa appavattanato. Na hi catutthāruppabhāvanā viññāṇamākiñcaññaṃ vā āmasantī pavattati, kiñcarahi? Tatiyāruppassa santataṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi evaṃ, kasmā pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘santa’’nti na gahitanti? Kiñcāpi na gahitataṃ <span class="bld">sutte</span> (dī. ni. 2.129; saṃ. ni. 2.152), <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 606 ādayo) pana gahitameva. Yathāha – ‘‘taññeva ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ santato manasi karoti, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāvetī’’ti (vibha. 619). Atha kasmā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> viya sutte bhāvanākāro na gahitoti? Veneyyajjhāsayato, desanāvilāsato ca. Ye hi veneyyā yathā heṭṭhā tīsu <a name="M1.0408"></a> āruppesu ‘‘ananto ākāso, anantaṃ viññāṇaṃ, natthi kiñcī’’ti bhāvanākāro gahito, evaṃ aggahite eva tasmiṃ tamatthaṃ paṭivijjhanti, tesaṃ vasena sutte tathā desanā katā, suttantagatikāva abhidhamme <span class="bld">suttantabhājanīye</span> (vibha. 605 ādayo) uddesadesanā. Ye pana veneyyā vibhajitvā vutteyeva tasmiṃ tamatthaṃ paṭivijjhanti, tesaṃ vasena <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> bhāvanākāro vutto. Dhammissaro pana bhagavā sammāsambuddho dhammānaṃ desetabbappakāraṃ jānanto katthaci bhāvanākāraṃ gaṇhāti, katthaci bhāvanākāraṃ na gaṇhāti. Sā ca desanā yāvadeva veneyyavinayatthāti ayamettha desanāvilāso. Suttantadesanā vā pariyāyakathāti tattha bhāvanākāro <a name="V1.0384"></a> na gahito, abhidhammadesanā pana nippariyāyakathāti tattha bhāvanākāro gahitoti evampettha bhāvanākārassa gahaṇe, aggahaṇe ca kāraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apare pana bhaṇanti – ‘‘catutthāruppe visesadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">sutte</span> bhāvanākārassa aggahaṇaṃ, svāyaṃ viseso anupubbabhāvanājanito. Sā ca anupubbabhāvanā pahānakkamopajanitā pahātabbasamatikkamena jhānānaṃ adhigantabbato. Tathā hi kāmādivivekavitakkavicāravūpasamapītivirāgasomanassatthaṅgamamukhena rūpāvacarajjhānāni desitāni, rūpasaññādisamatikkamamukhena arūpajjhānāni. Na kevalañca jhānāniyeva, atha kho sabbampi sīlaṃ, sabbāpi paññā paṭipakkhadhammappahānavaseneva sampādetabbato pahātabbadhammasamatikkamadassanamukheneva desanā āruḷhā. Tathā hi ‘‘pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.8, 194) sīlasaṃvaro, ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.213; ma. ni. 1.411, 421; 3.15, 75) indriyasaṃvaro, ‘‘neva davāya na madāyā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.23, 422; 2.24; 3.75; saṃ. ni. 2.63; a. ni. 6.58; mahāni. 206; vibha. 518) bhojane mattaññutā, ‘‘idha bhikkhu micchājīvaṃ pahāya sammāājīvena jīvikaṃ kappetī’’tiādinā (saṃ. ni. 5.8) ājīvapārisuddhi, ‘‘abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.217; ma. ni. 1.412, 425; 3.16, 75) jāgariyānuyogo, ‘‘aniccasaññā bhāvetabbā asmimānasamugghātāya, aniccasaññino, meghiya, anattasaññā <a name="M1.0409"></a> saṇṭhāti, anattasaññī asmimānasamugghātaṃ gacchati, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’tiādinā paññā paṭipakkhadhammappahānavaseneva desitā. Tasmā jhānāni desento bhagavā ‘‘vivicceva kāmehī’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 1.226; saṃ. ni. 2.152; a. ni. 4.123) pahātabbadhammasamatikkamadassanamukheneva desesi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘kāmādivivekavitakkavicāravūpasamapītivirāgasomanassatthaṅgamamukhena rūpāvacarajjhānāni desitāni, rūpasaññādisamatikkamamukhena arūpajjhānānī’’ti. Tattha yathā rūpāvacaraṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ bhāvanāvisesādhigatehi vitakkādīhi viya saddhādīhipi tikkhavisadasūrasabhāvehi dhammehi samannāgatattā kāmacchandādīnaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ, tadekaṭṭhānañca pāpadhammānaṃ vikkhambhanato uttarimanussadhammabhāvappattaṃ <a name="V1.0385"></a> kāmāvacaradhammehi saṇhasukhumaṃ, santaṃ, paṇītañca hoti; dutiyajjhānādīni pana bhāvanāvisesena oḷārikaṅgappahānato tato sātisayaṃ saṇhasukhumasaṇhasukhumatarādibhāvappattāni honti. Tathā arūpāvacaraṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ rūpavirāgabhāvanābhāvena pavattamānaṃ ārammaṇasantatāyapi aṅgasantatāyapi pākatikaparittadhammehi viya sabbarūpāvacaradhammehi santasukhumabhāvappattaṃ hoti. Ārammaṇasantabhāvenāpi hi tadārammaṇadhammā santasabhāvā honti, seyyathāpi lokuttaradhammārammaṇā dhammā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satipi dhammato, mahaggatabhāvenāpi ca abhede rūpāvacaracatutthato āruppaṃ aṅgatopi santameva, yatassa santavimokkhatā vuttā. Dutiyāruppādīni pana paṭhamāruppādito aṅgato, ārammaṇato ca santasantatarasantatamabhāvappattāni tathā bhāvanāvisesasamāyogato, svāyaṃ bhāvanāviseso paṭhamajjhānūpacārato paṭṭhāya taṃtaṃpahātabbasamatikkamanavasena tassa tassa jhānassa santasukhumabhāvaṃ āpādento catutthāruppe saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvaṃ pāpeti. Yato catutthāruppaṃ yathā anupadadhammavipassanāvasena vipassanāya ārammaṇabhāvaṃ upagantvā pakativipassakassāpi nibbiduppattiyā paccayo na hoti saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvappattito, tathā sayaṃ tatiyāruppadhammesu pavattamānaṃ te yāthāvato vibhāvetuṃ na sakkoti, yathā tadaññajjhānāni attano ārammaṇaṃ. Kevalaṃ pana ārabbha pavattimattamevassa tattha hoti<a name="M1.0410"></a>, tayidaṃ ārammaṇabhāvenāpi nāma vibhūtākāratāya ṭhātuṃ appahontaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇe kiṃ pahoti. Tasmā tadassa avibhūtakiccataṃ disvā satthā heṭṭhā tīsu ṭhānesu bhāvanākāraṃ vatvā tādiso idha na labbhatīti dīpetuṃ catutthāruppadesanāyaṃ <span class="bld">sutte</span> bhāvanākāraṃ pariyāyadesanattā na kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana sārammaṇassa dhammassa ārammaṇe pavattiākāro atthevāti atisukhumabhāvappattaṃ taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘taṃyeva ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ santato manasi karotī’’ti (vibha. 619) <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> vuttaṃ yathādhammasāsanabhāvato, pubbabhāgavasena vā <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> ‘‘santato manasi karotī’’ti vuttaṃ tadā yogino tassa vibhūtabhāvato. Appanāvasena pana <span class="bld">sutte</span> bhāvanākāro na gahito avibhūtabhāvato. Kammaṭṭhānaṃ hi kiñci ādito avibhūtaṃ hoti, yathā taṃ? Buddhānussatiādi. Kiñci majjhe, yathā taṃ? Ānāpānassati. Kiñci ubhayattha, yathā taṃ? Upasamānussatiādi. Catutthāruppakammaṭṭhānaṃ pana pariyosāne avibhūtaṃ bhāvanāya matthakappattiyaṃ <a name="V1.0386"></a> ārammaṇassa avibhūtabhāvato. Tasmā catutthāruppe imaṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ satthārā <span class="bld">sutte</span> bhāvanākāro na gahito, na sabbena sabbaṃ abhāvatoti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pakiṇṇakakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para288"></a><span class="paranum">288</span>. <span class="bld">Asadisarūpo</span>ti dvattiṃsamahāpurisalakkhaṇaasītianubyañjanabyāmappabhāketumālādīhi rūpaguṇehi aññehi asādhāraṇarūpakāyo, sabhāvattho vā <span class="bld">rūpa</span>-saddo ‘‘yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpa’’ntiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.400; ma. ni. 1.133; vibha. 203) viya. Tasmā <span class="bld">asadisarūpo</span>ti asadisasabhāvo, tena dasabalacatuvesārajjādiguṇavisesasamāyogadīpanato satthu dhammakāyasampattiyāpi asadisatā dassitā hoti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti evaṃ vuttappakārena. <span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti āruppe. <span class="bld">Pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā</span>ti pubbe viya asādhāraṇaṃ tattha tattha jhāne patiniyatameva atthaṃ aggahetvā sādhāraṇabhāvato tattha tattheva pakiṇṇakaṃ visaṭaṃ atthaṃ gahetvā pavattā pakiṇṇakakathāpi vijānitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para289"></a><span class="paranum">289</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpanimittātikkamato</span>ti <a name="M1.0411"></a> kasiṇarūpasaṅkhātassa paṭibhāganimittassa atikkamanato. <span class="bld">Ākāsātikkamato</span>ti kasiṇugghāṭimākāsassa atikkamanato. <span class="bld">Ākāse pavattitaviññāṇātikkamato</span>ti paṭhamāruppaviññāṇassa atikkamanato, na dutiyāruppaviññāṇātikkamanato. Tadatikkamato hi tasseva vibhāvanaṃ hoti. Dutiyāruppaviññāṇavibhāvane hi tadeva atikkantaṃ siyā, na tassa ārammaṇaṃ, na ca ārammaṇe dosaṃ disvā anārammaṇassa vibhāvanātikkamo yujjati. <span class="bld">Pāḷiya</span>ñca ‘‘viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ sato samāpajjati…pe… sato vuṭṭhahitvā taṃyeva viññāṇaṃ abhāvetī’’ti vuttaṃ, na vuttaṃ ‘‘taṃyeva viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ abhāvetī’’ti, ‘‘taṃyeva abhāvetī’’ti vā. ‘‘Anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajjā’’ti ettha pana dvayaṃ vuttaṃ ārammaṇañca viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇañcāyatanañca. Tasmiṃ dvaye yena kenaci, yato vā vuṭṭhito, teneva padhānaniddiṭṭhena taṃ-saddassa sambandhe āpanne ‘‘ayañca ārammaṇātikkamabhāvanā’’ti viññāṇañcāyatanassa nivattanatthaṃ viññāṇavacanaṃ. Tasmā paṭhamāruppaviññāṇasseva abhāvanātikkamo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para290"></a><span class="paranum">290</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0387"></a> <span class="bld">santepī</span>ti aṅgātikkame asatipi. <span class="bld">Suppaṇītatarā</span>ti suṭṭhu paṇītatarā, sundarā paṇītatarā cāti vā attho. Satipi catunnaṃ pāsādatalānaṃ, sāṭikānañca tabbhāvato, pamāṇato ca samabhāve uparūpari pana kāmaguṇānaṃ, sukhasamphassādīnañca visesena paṇītatarādibhāvo viya etāsaṃ catunnaṃ samāpattīnaṃ āruppabhāvato, aṅgato ca satipi samabhāve bhāvanāvisesasiddho pana sātisayo uparūpari paṇītatarādibhāvoti imamatthaṃ dasseti <span class="bld">‘‘yathā hī’’</span>tiādinā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para291"></a><span class="paranum">291</span>. <span class="bld">Nissito</span>ti nissāya ṭhito. <span class="bld">Duṭṭhitā</span>ti na sammā ṭhitā, dukkhaṃ vā ṭhitā. <span class="bld">Tannissita</span>nti tena nissitaṃ, ṭhānanti attho. <span class="bld">Tannissita</span>nti vā taṃ <span class="bld">maṇḍapalaggaṃ purisaṃ</span> nissāya ṭhitaṃ purisanti attho. Maṇḍapalaggañhi anissāya tena vinābhūte vivitte bahi okāse ṭhānaṃ viya ākāsalaggaviññāṇassa viveke tadapagame tatiyāruppassa ṭhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para292"></a><span class="paranum">292</span>. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0412"></a> <span class="bld">karoteva, aññābhāvena taṃ ida</span>nti ‘‘āsannaviññāṇañcāyatanapaccatthikarūpāsannākāsārammaṇaviññāṇāpagamārammaṇaṃ, no ca santa’’nti ca diṭṭhādīnavampi taṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ idaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanajjhānaṃ aññassa tādisassa ārammaṇabhāvayogyassa abhāvena alābhena ārammaṇaṃ karoti eva. <span class="bld">‘‘Sabbadisampati’’</span>nti idaṃ janassa agatikabhāvadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vutti</span>nti jīvikaṃ. <span class="bld">Vattatī</span>ti jīvati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para293"></a><span class="paranum">293</span>. <span class="bld">Āruḷho</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – yathā koci puriso anekaporisaṃ dīghanisseṇiṃ āruḷho tassa uparimapade ṭhito tassā nisseṇiyā bāhumeva olubbhati aññassa alābhato, yathā ca paṃsupabbatassa, missakapabbatassa vā aggakoṭiṃ āruḷho tassa matthakameva olubbhati, yathā ca <span class="bld">giriṃ</span> silāpabbataṃ āruḷho paripphandamāno aññābhāvato attano jaṇṇukameva olubbhati, <span class="bld">tathā</span> etaṃ catutthāruppajjhānaṃ taṃ tatiyāruppaṃ olubbhitvā pavattatīti. Yaṃ panettha atthato avibhattaṃ, taṃ uttānameva.</p>
<p class="centered">Āruppaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti dasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="chapter">11. Samādhiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="subhead">Āhārepaṭikkūlabhāvanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para294"></a><span class="paranum">294</span>. Uddeso <a name="M1.0413"></a><a name="V1.0388"></a> nāma niddesattho mudumajjhimapaññābāhullato, āgato ca bhāro avassaṃ vahitabboti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ekā saññāti evaṃ uddiṭṭhāya āhāre paṭikkūlasaññāya bhāvanāniddeso anuppatto’’</span>ti. Tatthāyaṃ <span class="bld">saññā</span>-saddo ‘‘rūpasaññā saddasaññā’’tiādīsu (mahāni. 14) sañjānanalakkhaṇe dhamme āgato, ‘‘aniccasaññā dukkhasaññā’’tiādīsu vipassanāyaṃ āgato, ‘‘uddhumātakasaññāti vā sopākarūpasaññāti vā ime dhammā ekatthā udāhu nānatthā’’tiādīsu samathe āgato. Idha pana samathassa parikamme daṭṭhabbo. Āhāre hi paṭikkūlākāraggahaṇaṃ, tappabhāvitaṃ vā upacārajjhānaṃ idha ‘‘āhāre paṭikkūlasaññā’’ti adhippetaṃ. Tattha yasmiṃ āhāre paṭikkūlasaññā bhāvetabbā, tattha nibbedavirāguppādanāya tappasaṅgena sabbampi āhāraṃ kiccappabhedādīnavopammehi vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘āharatīti āhāro’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">āharatī</span>ti āhārapaccayasaṅkhātena uppattiyā, ṭhitiyā vā paccayabhāvena attano phalaṃ āneti nibbatteti pavatteti cāti attho. Kabaḷaṃ karīyatīti kabaḷīkāro, vatthuvasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ, lakkhaṇato pana ojālakkhaṇo veditabbo, kabaḷīkāro ca so yathāvuttenatthena āhāro cāti <span class="bld">kabaḷīkārāhāro</span>. Esa nayo sesesupi. Phusatīti <span class="bld">phasso</span>. Ayaṃ hi arūpadhammopi samāno ārammaṇe phusanākāreneva pavattati. Tathā hi so phusanalakkhaṇoti vuccati. Cetayatīti cetanā, attano sampayuttadhammehi saddhiṃ ārammaṇe abhisandahatīti attho, manosannissitā cetanā <span class="bld">manosañcetanā</span>. Upapattiparikappanavasena vijānātīti <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃ</span>. Evamettha sāmaññatthato, visesatthato ca āhārā veditabbā. Kasmā panete cattārova vuttā, aññe dhammā kiṃ attano phalassa paccayā na hontīti? No na honti, ime pana tathā <a name="V1.0389"></a> ca honti <a name="M1.0414"></a> aññathā cāti samānepi paccayabhāve atirekapaccayā honti, tasmā āhārāti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Etesu hi paṭhamo sayaṃ yasmiṃ kalāpe tappariyāpannānaṃ yathārahaṃ paccayo hontova ojaṭṭhamakaṃ rūpaṃ āharati, dutiyo tisso vedanā āharati, tatiyo tīsu bhavesu paṭisandhiṃ āharati, catuttho paṭisandhikkhaṇe nāmarūpaṃ āharati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kabaḷīkārāhāro’’</span>tiādi. Ettha ca kammajādibhedabhinnā ojā sati paccayalābhe dve tisso paveṇiyo ghaṭentī ojaṭṭhamakarūpaṃ āharati, sukhavedanīyādibhedabhinno phassāhāro yathārahaṃ tisso vedanā āharati, puññābhisaṅkhārādibhedabhinno manosañcetanāhāro kāmabhavādīsu tīsu bhavesu yathārahaṃ saviññāṇaṃ, aviññāṇañca paṭisandhiṃ āharati, viññāṇāhāro yathāpaccayaṃ paṭisandhikkhaṇe nāmaṃ rūpaṃ, nāmarūpañca āharatīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Atha vā upatthambhakaṭṭhena ime eva dhammā āhārāti vuttā. Yathā hi kabaḷīkārāhāro rūpakāyassa upatthambhakaṭṭhena paccayo, evaṃ arūpino āhārā sampayuttadhammānaṃ. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘kabaḷīkāro āhāro imassa kāyassa āhārapaccayena paccayo, arūpino āhārā sampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ taṃsamuṭṭhānānañca rūpānaṃ āhārapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.15). Aparo nayo – ajjhattikasantatiyā visesapaccayattā kabaḷīkārāhāro, phassādayo ca tayo dhammā āhārāti vuttā. Visesapaccayo hi kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ sattānaṃ rūpakāyassa kabaḷīkārāhāro, nāmakāye vedanāya phasso, viññāṇassa manosañcetanā, nāmarūpassa viññāṇaṃ. Yathāha ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati (saṃ. ni. 5.183). Tathā phassapaccayā vedanā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti (udā. 1; mahāva. 1; netti. 24).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kabaḷīkārāhāre</span>ti kabaḷīkāre āhāre <span class="bld">nikanti</span> taṇhā, <span class="bld">taṃ bhayaṃ</span> anatthāvahato. Gadhitassa hi āhāraparibhogo anatthāya hoti. Hetuatthe bhummaṃ. Evaṃ sesesu. <span class="bld">Nikantī</span>ti nikāmanā chandarāgo<a name="M1.0415"></a>. Bhāyati etasmāti bhayaṃ, nikanti eva bhayaṃ <span class="bld">nikantibhayaṃ</span>. Kabaḷīkārāhārahetu imesaṃ sattānaṃ chandarāgo bhayaṃ bhayānakaṃ diṭṭhadhammikādibhedassa anatthassa sakalassāpi vaṭṭadukkhassa hetubhāvato. Tenevāha ‘‘kabaḷīkāre ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo, atthi nandī, atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ viruḷha’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.64; kathā. 296; mahāni. 7). <span class="bld">Upagamanaṃ</span> <a name="V1.0390"></a> appahīnavipallāsassa ārammaṇena samodhānaṃ saṅgati sukhavedanīyādiphassuppatti <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> bhayānakaṃ tīhi dukkhatāhi aparimuccanato. Tenāha ‘‘sukhavedanīyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhā vedanā (saṃ. ni. 4.129), tassa vedanāpaccayā taṇhā…pe… dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’’ti (udā. 1). Tattha tattha bhave upapajjati etenāti <span class="bld">upapatti,</span> upapajjanaṃ vā <span class="bld">upapatti,</span> khipanaṃ <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> bhayānakaṃ upapattimūlakehi byasanehi aparimuttato. Tenāha ‘‘avidvā, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo puññañce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, puññupagaṃ bhavati viññāṇaṃ. Apuññañce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, apuññupagaṃ bhavati viññāṇa’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.51). <span class="bld">Paṭisandhī</span>ti bhavantarādīhi paṭisandhānaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">bhayaṃ</span> bhayānakaṃ paṭisandhinimittehi dukkhehi avimuccanato. Tenāha ‘‘viññāṇe ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo, atthi nandī, atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ viruḷha’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.64).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puttamaṃsūpamena</span> ovādena <span class="bld">dīpetabbo</span> nicchandarāgaparibhogāya. Evaṃ hi tattha nikantibhayaṃ na hoti. Niccammā gāvī yaṃ yaṃ ṭhānaṃ upagacchati, tattha tattheva naṃ pāṇino khādantiyeva. Evaṃ phasse sati vedanā uppajjati, vedanā ca dukkhasallādito daṭṭhabbāti phasse ādīnavaṃ passantassa upagamanabhayaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘phassāhāro niccammagāvūpamena dīpetabbo’’</span>ti. Ekādasahi aggīhi sabbaso ādittā bhavā aṅgārakāsusadisāti passato upapattibhayaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘manosañcetanāhāro aṅgārakāsūpamena dīpetabbo’’</span>ti. Corasadisaṃ viññāṇaṃ anatthapātato, pahārasadisī vedanā duradhivāsatoti sammadeva passato paṭisandhibhayaṃ na hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘viññāṇāhāro sattisatūpamena dīpetabbo’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M1.0416"></a> kiccādimukhena āhāresu ādīnavaṃ vibhāvetvā idāni tattha yathādhippetaṃ āhāraṃ niddhāretvā paṭikkūlato manasikāravidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imesu panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādāyarūpaniddesepi</span> ‘‘kabaḷīkāro āhāro’’ti (dha. sa. 595) āgatattā tato visesento <span class="bld">‘‘asitapītakhāyitasāyitappabhedo’’</span>ti āha, bhūtakathanaṃ vā etaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">asitapītakhāyitasāyitappabhedo</span>ti asitabbapātabbakhāyitabbasāyitabbavibhāgo kālabhedavacanicchāya abhāvato yathā ‘‘duddha’’nti. <span class="bld">Kabaḷīkāro āhāro vā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ yathā phassāhārādinivattanaṃ, evaṃ ojāhāranivattanampi daṭṭhabbaṃ. Savatthuko eva hi āhāro idha kammaṭṭhānabhūto, tena āharīyatīti <a name="V1.0391"></a> āhāroti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Āharatīti āhāroti ayaṃ panattho nibbattitaojāvasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Imasmiṃ atthe</span>ti imasmiṃ kammaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte atthe. <span class="bld">Uppannā saññā</span>ti saññāsīsena bhāvanaṃ vadati. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘paṭikkūlākāraggahaṇavasena panā’’tiādi (visuddhi. 1.305).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ uggahetvā</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariyattidhammato, atthato ca suggahitaṃ sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ katvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘uggahato ekapadampi avirajjhantenā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">uggahato</span>ti ācariyuggahato. <span class="bld">Ekapadampī</span>ti ekampi padaṃ, ekakoṭṭhāsampi vā, padesamattampīti attho. <span class="bld">Dasahākārehī</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu antimajīvikābhāvato, piṇḍapātassa alābhalābhesu paritassanagedhādisamuppattito, bhuttassa sammadajananato, kimikulasaṃvaddhanatoti evamādīhipi ākārehi āhāre paṭikkūlatā paccavekkhitabbā? Vuttaṃ hetaṃ ‘‘antamidaṃ, bhikkhave, jīvikānaṃ yadidaṃ piṇḍolyaṃ, abhisāpoyaṃ, bhikkhave, lokasmiṃ ‘piṇḍolo vicarasi pattapāṇī’’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.80), ‘‘aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ paritassati, laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ gadhito mucchito ajjhosanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjatī’’ti (a. ni. 3.124), ‘‘bhutto ca āhāro kassaci kadāci maraṇaṃ vā maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ āvahati, ukkocakādayo, takkoṭakādayo ca dvattiṃsa dvattiṃsa kulappabhedā kimayo ca naṃ upanissāya jīvantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vuccate <a name="M1.0417"></a> – antimajīvikābhāvo tāva cittasaṃkilesavisodhanatthaṃ kammaṭṭhānābhinivesato pageva manasi kātabbo ‘‘māhaṃ chavālātasadiso bhaveyya’’nti. Tathā piṇḍapātassa alābhalābhesupi paritassanagedhādisamuppattinivāraṇaṃ pageva anuṭṭhātabbaṃ suparisuddhasīlassa paṭisaṅkhānavato tadabhāvato. Bhattasammado anekantiko, paribhogantogadho vā veditabbo. Kimikulasaṃvaddhanaṃ pana na saṅgahetabbaṃ, saṅgahitameva vā ‘‘dasahākārehī’’ti ettha niyamassa akatattā. Iminā vā nayena itaresampettha saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo yathāsambhavamettha paṭikkūlatāpaccavekkhaṇassa adhippetattā. Tathā hi gharagoḷikavaccamūsikajatukavaccādikaṃ sambhavantaṃ gahitaṃ, na ekantikanti. Tathā pariyesanādīsupi yathāsambhavaṃ vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gamanato</span>tiādīsu paccāgamanampi gamanasabhāgattā gamaneneva saṅgahitaṃ. Paṭikkamanasālādiupasaṅkamanaṃ <a name="V1.0392"></a> viya pariyesane samānapaṭikkūlaṃ hi asuciṭṭhānakkamanavirūpaduggandhadassanaghāyanādhivāsanehi. <span class="bld">Gamanato</span>ti bhikkhācāravasena gocaragāmaṃ uddissa gamanato. <span class="bld">Pariyesanato</span>ti gocaragāme bhikkhatthaṃ āhiṇḍanato. <span class="bld">Paribhogato</span>ti āhārassa paribhuñjanato. Ubhayaṃ ubhayena āsayati, ekajjhaṃ pavattamānopi kammabalavavatthito hutvā mariyādavasena aññamaññaṃ asaṅkarato sayati tiṭṭhati pavattatīti āsayo, āmāsayassa upari tiṭṭhanako pittādiko. Mariyādattho hi ayamākāro, tato <span class="bld">āsayato</span>. Nidadhāti yathābhutto āhāro nicito hutvā tiṭṭhati etthāti nidhānaṃ, āmāsayo, tato <span class="bld">nidhānato. Aparipakkato</span>ti gahaṇīsaṅkhātena kammajatejena aparipakkato. <span class="bld">Paripakkato</span>ti yathābhuttassa āhārassa vipakkabhāvato. <span class="bld">Phalato</span>ti nibbattito. <span class="bld">Nissandato</span>ti ito cito ca vissandanato. <span class="bld">Sammakkhanato</span>ti sabbaso makkhanato. Sabbattha āhāre paṭikkūlatā paccavekkhitabbāti yojanā. Taṃtaṃkiriyānipphattipaṭipāṭivasena cāyaṃ gamanatotiādikā anupubbī ṭhapitā, sammakkhanaṃ pana paribhogādīsu labbhamānampi nissandavasena visesato paṭikkūlanti sabbapacchā ṭhapitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para295"></a><span class="paranum">295</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ mahānubhāve</span>ti idāni vattabbapaṭipattiyā mahānubhāveti vadanti, sabbatthakakammaṭṭhānapariharaṇādisiddhaṃ vā dhammasudhammataṃ purakkhatvā yogāvacarena <a name="M1.0418"></a> evaṃ paṭipajjitabbanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ mahānubhāve nāma sāsane’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">nāma</span>-saddo sambhāvane daṭṭhabbo. Pabbajitena gāmābhimukhena gantabbanti yojanā. Ayañca gamanādito paccavekkhaṇā yogino na attuddesikāva, atha kho anuddesikāpīti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sakalaratti’’</span>ntiādinā dhuradvayaṃ pariggahesi. <span class="bld">Pariveṇa</span>nti pariveṇaṅgaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīsatiṃsavāre</span>ti ettha santatipaccuppannavasena vāraparicchedoti keci, apare pana ‘‘uṇhāsanenā’’ti vadanti. Nīvaraṇavikkhambhanañhi appattā bhāvanā pharaṇapītiyā abhāvato nisajjāvasena kāyakilamathaṃ na vinodatiyevāti iriyāpathacalanaṃ hotiyeva. Vīsatiṃsaggahaṇaṃ pana yathāsallakkhitabhikkhācaraṇavelāvasena. Atha vā gamanato yāva sammakkhanamanasikāro eko vāro, evaṃ vīsatiṃsavāre kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karitvā. <span class="bld">Nijanasambādhānī</span>ti janasambādharahitāni, tena appākiṇṇataṃ, appasaddataṃ, appanigghosatañca dasseti. Tato eva <span class="bld">pavivekasukhāni</span> janavivekena iṭṭhāni, pavivekassa vā jhānānuyogassa upakārāni. Yasmā <span class="bld">chāyūdakasampannāni,</span> tasmā <a name="V1.0393"></a> <span class="bld">sītalāni</span>. Yasmā <span class="bld">sucīni,</span> tasmā <span class="bld">ramaṇīyabhūmibhāgānī</span>ti purimāni dve pacchimānaṃ dvinnaṃ kāraṇavacanāni. <span class="bld">Ariya</span>nti niddosaṃ. <span class="bld">Vivekarati</span>nti jhānānuyogaratiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi yogāvacarānaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ nāma sujaggitaṃ susammaṭṭhameva hoti, kadāci pana jagganato pacchā evampi siyāti paṭikkūlatāpaccavekkhaṇāya sambhavadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pādarajagharagolikavaccādisamparikiṇṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paccattharaṇa</span>nti bhūmiyā chavirakkhaṇatthaṃ attharitabbaṃ cimilikādiattharaṇamāha. <span class="bld">Jatukā</span> khuddakavagguliyo. <span class="bld">Upahatattā</span>ti dūsitattā. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti tato tato. Appekadā <span class="bld">ulūkapārāvatādīhī</span>ti idhāpi ‘‘appekadā’’ti padaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Udakacikkhallādīhī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena kacavarādiṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Pariveṇato vihāraṅgaṇappavesamaggo <span class="bld">vihāraracchā</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vitakkamāḷake</span>ti ‘‘kattha nu kho ajja bhikkhāya caritabba’’ntiādinā vitakkanamāḷake. <span class="bld">Gāmamagga</span>nti gāmagāmimaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Khāṇukaṇṭakamaggo</span>ti khāṇukaṇṭakavanto maggo. <span class="bld">Daṭṭhabbo hotī</span>ti dassanena gamanaṃ upalakkheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gaṇḍaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0419"></a> <span class="bld">paṭicchādentenā</span>tiādi evamajjhāsayena nivāsanādi kātabbanti vattadassanaṃ, gaṇḍaroginā vātātapādiparissayavinodanatthaṃ gaṇḍaṃ paṭicchādayamānena viya. Atha vā gaṇḍaṃ viya gaṇḍaṃ paṭicchādayamānenāti ekaṃ gaṇḍa-saddaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ bhavati. ‘‘Gaṇḍoti kho, bhikkhave, pañcannetaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ adhivacana’’nti (a. ni. 9.15; saṃ. ni. 4.103) vacanato <span class="bld">gaṇḍo</span>ti attabhāvassa pariyāyo, visesato rūpakāyassa dukkhatāsūlayogato, asucipaggharaṇato, uppādajarābhaṅgehi uddhumātakapakkapabhijjanato. <span class="bld">Vaṇacoḷaka</span>nti vaṇapaṭicchādakavatthakhaṇḍaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīharitvā</span>ti thavikato uddharitvā. <span class="bld">Kuṇapānipī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo garahāyaṃ evarūpānipi daṭṭhabbāni bhavantīti, sambhavadassane vā idampi tattha sambhavatīti. <span class="bld">Adhivāsetabbo</span>ti khamitabbo aññathā āhārassa anupalabbhanato. <span class="bld">Gāmadvāre</span>ti gāmadvārasamīpe, ummārabbhantare vā. <span class="bld">Gāmaracchā</span> vinivijjhitvā ṭhitā <span class="bld">oloketabbā honti</span> yugamattadassināpi satāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paccattharaṇādī</span>ti gharagolikavaccādisaṃkiliṭṭhapaccattharaṇādikaṃ. <span class="bld">Anekakuṇapapariyosāna</span>nti ettha <a name="V1.0394"></a> dunnivatthaduppārutamanussasamākulānaṃ gāmaracchānaṃ olokanampi ānetvā vattabbaṃ. Tampi hi paṭikkūlamevāti. <span class="bld">Aho vatā</span>ti garahane nipāto. <span class="bld">Bho</span>ti dhammālapanaṃ. Yāvañcidaṃ paṭikkūlo āhāro yadatthaṃ gamanampi nāma evaṃ jegucchaṃ, duradhivāsanañcāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para296"></a><span class="paranum">296</span>. <span class="bld">Gamanapaṭikkūla</span>nti gamanameva paṭikkūlaṃ gamanapaṭikkūlaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhivāsetvāpī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, tena ‘‘ettakenāpi mutti natthi, ito parampi mahantaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ sakalaṃ adhivāsetabbamevā’’ti vakkhamānaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ sampiṇḍeti. <span class="bld">Saṅghāṭipārutenā</span>ti saṅghāṭiyā kappanapārupanena pārutasarīrena. <span class="bld">Yatthā</span>ti yāsu vīthīsu. <span class="bld">Yāva piṇḍikamaṃsāpī</span>ti yāva jaṅghapiṇḍikamaṃsappadesāpi. <span class="bld">Udakacikkhalle</span>ti udakamisse kaddame. <span class="bld">Ekena cīvara</span>nti ekena hatthena nivatthacīvaraṃ. Macchā dhovīyanti etenāti <span class="bld">macchadhovanaṃ,</span> udakaṃ. Sammissa-saddo paccekaṃ sambandhitabbo. <span class="bld">Oḷigallāni</span> ucchiṭṭhodakagabbhamalādīnaṃ sakaddamānaṃ sandanaṭṭhānāni, yāni jaṇṇumattaasucibharitānipi honti. <span class="bld">Candanikāni</span> kevalānaṃ ucchiṭṭhodakagabbhamalādīnaṃ sandanaṭṭhānāni<a name="M1.0420"></a>. <span class="bld">Yato</span>ti oḷigallādito. <span class="bld">Tā makkhikā</span>ti tattha saṇḍasaṇḍacārino nīlamakkhikā. <span class="bld">Nilīyantī</span>ti acchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dadamānāpī</span>tiādi satipi kesañci saddhānaṃ vasena sakkaccakāre paṭikkūlapaccavekkhaṇāyogyaṃ pana asaddhānaṃ vasena pavattanakaasakkaccakārameva dassetuṃ āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Tuṇhī honti</span> sayameva riñcitvā gacchissatīti. <span class="bld">Gacchā</span>ti apehi. <span class="bld">Re</span>ti ambho. <span class="bld">Muṇḍakā</span>ti anādarālapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Samudācarantī</span>ti kathenti. Piṇḍolyassa antimajīvikābhāvenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kapaṇamanussena viya gāme piṇḍāya caritvā nikkhamitabba’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para297"></a><span class="paranum">297</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti tasmiṃ pattagate āhāre. <span class="bld">Lajjitabbaṃ hoti</span> ‘‘ucchiṭṭhaṃ nu kho ayaṃ mayhaṃ dātukāmo’’ti āsaṅkeyyāti, <span class="bld">sedo paggharamāno</span> āhārassa vā uṇhatāya, bhikkhuno vā sapariḷāhatāyāti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Sukkhathaddhabhattampī</span>ti sukkhatāya thaddhampi bhattaṃ, pageva takkakañjikādinā upasittanti adhippāyo. Tena sedena kilinnatāya paṭikkūlataṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmi</span>nti piṇḍapāte. <span class="bld">Sambhinnasobhe</span>ti sabbaso vinaṭṭhasobhe. <span class="bld">Vemajjhato paṭṭhāyā</span>ti jivhāya majjhato paṭṭhāya. <span class="bld">Dantagūthako</span> dantamalaṃ. <span class="bld">Vicuṇṇitamakkhito</span>ti ubhayehi dantehi vicuṇṇito <a name="V1.0395"></a> kheḷādīhi samupalitto. Evaṃbhūtassa cassa yāyaṃ pubbe vaṇṇasampadā, gandhasampadā, abhisaṅkhārasampadā ca, sā ekaṃsena vinassati, raso pana nasseyya vā na vāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘antarahitavaṇṇagandhasaṅkhāraviseso’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Suvānadoṇiya</span>nti sārameyyānaṃ bhuñjanakaambaṇe. <span class="bld">Suvānavamathu viyā</span>ti vantasunakhachaḍḍanaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Cakkhussa āpāthaṃ atītattā ajjhoharitabbo hotī</span>ti ukkaṃsagataṃ tassa paṭikkūlabhāvaṃ vibhāveti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para298"></a><span class="paranum">298</span>. <span class="bld">Paribhoga</span>nti ajjhoharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Esa</span> āhāro anto pavisamāno bahalamadhukatelamakkhito viya paramajeguccho hotīti sambandho. <span class="bld">Anto</span>ti koṭṭhassa abbhantare. Nidhānamanupagato āmāsayaṃ appattoyeva āhāro pittādīhi vimissito hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pavisamāno’’</span>ti. Āmāsayapakkāsayavinimutto koyamāsayo nāmāti <a name="M1.0421"></a> āsaṅkaṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘yasmā’’</span>tiādi. Pittamevāsayo <span class="bld">pittāsayo. Adhiko hotī</span>ti vuttaṃ mandapuññabāhullato lokassa. <span class="bld">Evaṃ āsayato</span>ti jeguccho hutvā anto paviṭṭho jegucchatarehi pittādīhi vimissito ativiya jeguccho hotīti evaṃ āsayato paṭikkūlatā paccavekkhitabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. <span class="bld">Nidhānato</span>ti etthāpi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">So</span>ti āhāro. <span class="bld">Dasavassikenā</span>ti jātiyā dasavassena sattena. <span class="bld">Okāse</span>ti āmāsayasaṅkhāte padese.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. <span class="bld">Evarūpe</span>ti edise, dasavassāni yāva vassasataṃ adhotavaccakūpasadiseti attho. <span class="bld">Nidhāna</span>nti nidhātabbataṃ. <span class="bld">Yathāvuttappakāre</span>ti sace pana ‘‘dasavassikenā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.299) yathāvutto pakāro etassāti yathāvuttappakāro, tasmiṃ. <span class="bld">Paramandhakāratimise</span>ti ativiya andhakaraṇamahātamasi. Atiduggandhajegucche padese paramajegucchabhāvaṃ upagantvā tiṭṭhatīti sambandho. Kattha kiṃ viyāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathā nāmā’’</span>tiādi. Kālameghena abhivuṭṭhe āvāṭe bahuso vassanena ekaccaṃ asucijātaṃ uppilavitvā vigaccheyyāti <span class="bld">akālamegha</span>-ggahaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tiṇapaṇṇakilañjakhaṇḍa</span>-ggahaṇaṃ na asubhassāpi asubhena sammissatāya asubhabhāvappattidassanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaggisantāpakuthitakuthanasañjātapheṇapubbuḷakācito</span>ti gahaṇitejena pakkuthitanippakkatāya samuppannapheṇapubbuḷanicito. <span class="bld">Aparipakkato</span>ti aparipakkabhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301"></a><span class="paranum">301</span>. <span class="bld">Suvaṇṇarajatādidhātuyo viyā</span>ti yathā suvaṇṇarajatādidhātuyo vidhinā tāpiyamānā suvaṇṇarajatādike <a name="V1.0396"></a> muñcantiyo suvaṇṇarajatādibhāvaṃ upagacchantīti vuccanti, na evamayaṃ. Ayaṃ pana āhāro kāyagginā paripakko pheṇapubbuḷake muñcanto saṇhaṃ karonti etthāti ‘‘saṇhakaraṇī’’ti laddhanāmake nisade pisitvā nāḷike khuddakaveḷunāḷikāyaṃ vaṇṇasaṇṭhānamattena pakkhippamānapaṇḍumattikā viya karīsabhāvaṃ upagantvā pakkāsayaṃ pūreti, muttabhāvaṃ upagantvā muttavatthiṃ pūretīti yojanā. Gahaṇiyā indhanabhāgo viya kimibhakkhabhāgo ca apākaṭova<a name="M1.0422"></a>. Rasabhāgo phalato pakāsīyati, aparipakkasabhāgā ca teti te anāmasitvā karīsamuttabhāgā evettha dassitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para302"></a><span class="paranum">302</span>. Paṭikkūlassa nāma phalena paṭikkūleneva bhavitabbanti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘sammā paripaccamāno’’</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Nakhadantādīnī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena na kevalaṃ tacādīni eva <span class="bld">dvattiṃsākārapāḷiyaṃ</span> (ma. ni. 3.154; khu. pā. 3.dvattiṃsākāra) āgatāni, atha kho akkhigūthakaṇṇagūthadantamalajallikāsambhavādīni dvattiṃsakoṭṭhāsavinimuttāni asubhāni saṅgaṇhanto <span class="bld">‘‘nānākuṇapānī’’</span>ti āhāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para303"></a><span class="paranum">303</span>. <span class="bld">Nissandamāno</span>ti vissavanto, paggharantoti attho. <span class="bld">Ādinā pakārenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena nāsikāya siṅghāṇikā, mukhena kheḷo, kadāci pittaṃ, semhaṃ, lohitaṃ vamati, vaccamaggena uccāro, passāvamaggena passāvo, sakalakāye lomakūpehi sedajallikāti evaṃpakāraṃ asuciṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">‘‘Paṭhamadivase’’</span>ti idaṃ nissandadivasāpekkhāya vuttaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dutiyadivase nissandento’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Vikuṇitamukho</span>ti jigucchāvasena saṅkucitamukho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘jegucchī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Maṅkubhūto</span>ti vimanakajāto ‘‘imampi nāma posemī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ratto</span>ti vatthaṃ viya raṅgajātena cittassa vipariṇāmākārena chandarāgena ratto. <span class="bld">Giddho</span>ti abhikaṅkhanasabhāvena abhigijjhanena giddho gedhaṃ āpanno. <span class="bld">Gadhito</span>ti dummocanīyabhāvena ganthito viya tattha paṭibaddho. <span class="bld">Mucchito</span>ti rasataṇhāya mucchaṃ mohaṃ āpanno. <span class="bld">Viratto</span>ti vigatarāgo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭīyamāno</span>ti dukkhiyamāno. <span class="bld">Harāyamāno</span>ti lajjamāno. <span class="bld">Jigucchamāno</span>ti hīḷento.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navadvārehī</span>ti pākaṭānaṃ mahantānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, lomakūpavivarehipi sandatevāti. <span class="bld">Nilīyatī</span>ti attānaṃ adassento nigūhati, saṅkucati vā. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti ekena dvārena pavesanaṃ anekehi dvārehi anekadhā nikkhāmanaṃ, pakāsanaṃ pavesanaṃ, nigūḷhaṃ nikkhāmanampīti somanassajātena <a name="V1.0397"></a> pavesanaṃ, maṅkubhūtena nikkhāmanaṃ, sārattena pavesanaṃ, virattena nikkhāmananti imehi pakārehi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. <span class="bld">Paribhogakālepī</span>ti <a name="M1.0423"></a> <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena paviṭṭhamattopi nāma pavesadvāraṃ jegucchaṃ karoti, pageva laddhaparivāso paripākappatto itaradvārānīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Esa</span> āhāro. <span class="bld">Gandhaharaṇattha</span>nti vissagandhāpanayanatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyagginā</span>ti gahaṇitejānugatena kāyusmānā. <span class="bld">Pheṇuddehaka</span>nti pheṇāni uṭṭhapetvā uṭṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Paccitvā</span>ti paripākaṃ gantvā. <span class="bld">Uttaramāno</span>ti uppilavanto. <span class="bld">Semhādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pittādike saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Karīsādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena sedajallikādike. <span class="bld">Imāni dvārāni</span> mukhādīni. <span class="bld">Ekacca</span>nti passāvamaggaṃ sandhāya vadati. Cokkhajātikā pana mukhādīnipi dhovitvā hatthaṃ puna dhovantiyeva. Puna <span class="bld">ekacca</span>nti vaccamaggaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvattikkhattu</span>nti dvikkhattuṃ, tikkhattuṃ vā. Ettha ca āhāratthāya gamanapariyesanānaṃ paṭikkūlatā āhāre paṭikkūlatā vuttā. Paribhogassa tannissayato, āsayanidhānānaṃ taṃsambandhato, itaresaṃ tabbikāratoti ayampi viseso veditabbo. Kimibhakkhabhāvopi hissa vikārapakkheyeva ṭhapetabboti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. <span class="bld">Taṃ nimitta</span>nti yathāvuttehi ākārehi punappunaṃ manasi karontassa paṭikkūlākāravasena upaṭṭhitaṃ kabaḷīkārāhārasaññitaṃ bhāvanāya nimittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ, na uggahapaṭibhāganimittaṃ. Yadi hi tattha uggahanimittaṃ uppajjeyya, paṭibhāganimittenapi bhavitabbaṃ. Tathā ca sati appanāppattena jhānena bhavitabbaṃ, na ca bhavati, kasmā? Bhāvanāya nānākārato, sabhāvadhammabhāvena ca kammaṭṭhānassa gambhīrabhāvato. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘kabaḷīkārāhārassa sabhāvadhammatāya gambhīrattā’’</span>ti. Ettha hi yadipi paṭikkūlākāravasena bhāvanā pavattati. Ye pana dhamme upādāya kabaḷīkārāhārapaññatti, te eva dhammā paṭikkūlā, na paññattīti paṭikkūlākāraggahaṇamukhenapi sabhāvadhammeyeva ārabbha bhāvanāya pavattanato, sabhāvadhammānañca sabhāveneva gambhīrabhāvato na tattha jhānaṃ appetuṃ sakkoti. Gambhīrabhāvato hi purimasaccadvayaṃ duddasaṃ jātanti. Yadi upacārasamādhinā cittaṃ samādhiyati, kathaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘saññā’’ icceva voharīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘paṭikkūlākāraggahaṇavasena panā’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni imissā bhāvanāya ānisaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘imañca panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rasataṇhāyā</span>ti madhurādirasavisayāya taṇhāya. <span class="bld">Patilīyatī</span>ti saṅkucati anekākāraṃ tattha paṭikkūlatāya <a name="V1.0398"></a> saṇṭhitattā. <span class="bld">Patikuṭatī</span>ti apasakkati <a name="M1.0424"></a> na visarati. <span class="bld">Pativattatī</span>ti nivattati. <span class="bld">Kantāranittharaṇatthiko</span>ti mahato dubbhikkhakantārassa nittharaṇappayojano. <span class="bld">Vigatamado</span>ti mānamadādīnaṃ abhāvena nimmado, madābhāvaggahaṇeneva cassa davamaṇḍanavibhūsanādīnampi abhāvo gahitoyevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kabaḷīkārāhārapariññāmukhenā</span>ti vuttanayena paṭikkūlākārato kabaḷīkārāhārassa paricchijja jānanadvārena. <span class="bld">Pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo</span>ti anativattanaṭṭhena pañcasu kāmaguṇesu niyutto, tappayojano vā rāgo. <span class="bld">Pariññaṃ</span> samatikkamaṃ <span class="bld">gacchati</span>. Rasataṇhāya hi sammadeva vigatāya rūpataṇhādayopi vigatā eva honti bhojane mattaññutāya ukkaṃsagamanato. Sati ca visayisamatikkame visayo samatikkanto eva hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘so pañcakāmaguṇapariññāmukhena rūpakkhandhaṃ parijānātī’’</span>ti. Rūpāyatanādīsu hi pariññaṃ gacchantesu tannissayabhūtāni, taggāhakā pasādā ca sukheneva pariññaṃ gacchantīti. <span class="bld">Aparipakkādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena āsayanidhānānampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">aparipakkaṃ</span> tāva udariyameva. Āsayaggahaṇena pittasemhapubbalohitānaṃ, paripakkaggahaṇena karīsamuttānaṃ, phalaggahaṇena kesādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ pariggaho siddho hotīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kāyagatāsatibhāvanāpi pāripūriṃ gacchatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Asubhasaññāyā</span>ti asubhabhāvanāya, aviññāṇakaasubhabhāvanānuyogassāti attho. <span class="bld">Anulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hoti</span> paṭikkūlākāraggahaṇena kāyassa asuciduggandhajegucchabhāvasallakkhaṇato. <span class="bld">Imaṃ pana paṭipatti</span>nti imaṃ āhāre paṭikkūlasaññābhāvanaṃ. <span class="bld">Amatapariyosānata</span>nti nibbānaniṭṭhitaṃ āhāre paṭikkūlasaññābhāvanāsaṅkhātaṃ upacārajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nibbānādhigamanti attho.</p>
<p class="centered">Āhārepaṭikkūlabhāvanāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">Catudhātuvavatthānabhāvanāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para306"></a><span class="paranum">306</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Ekaṃ vavatthānanti evaṃ uddiṭṭhassa catudhātuvavatthānassa bhāvanāniddeso anuppatto’’</span>ti uddeso nāma niddesattho mudumajjhapaññābāhullato<a name="M1.0425"></a>, āgato ca bhāro avassaṃ vahitabboti katvā vuttaṃ. Tattha satipi visayabhedena vavatthānassa bhede vavatthānabhāvasāmaññena pana taṃ abhinnaṃ katvā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ vavatthāna’’</span>nti, pubbabhāge vā satipi visayabhede atthasiddhiyaṃ <a name="V1.0399"></a> tassa ekavisayatāvāti ‘‘ekaṃ vavatthāna’’nti vuttaṃ. Yathā hi dvattiṃsākāre kammaṃ karontassa yogino yadipi pubbabhāge visuṃ visuṃ koṭṭhāsesu manasikāro pavattati, aparabhāge pana ekasmiṃ khaṇe ekasmiṃyeva koṭṭhāse atthasiddhi hoti, na sabbesu, evamidhāpīti. Tattha siyā – yathā paṭikkūlabhāvasāmaññena dvattiṃsākārakammaṭṭhāne abhedato manasikāro pavattati, evaṃ idha dhātubhāvasāmaññena abhedato manasikāro pavattatīti ‘‘ekaṃ vavatthāna’’nti vuttanti? Nayidamevaṃ. Tattha hi paṇṇattisamatikkamato paṭṭhāya paṭikkūlavaseneva sabbattha manasikāro pavattetabbo, idha pana sabhāvasarasalakkhaṇato dhātuyo manasi kātabbā, na dhātubhāvasāmaññato. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvūpalakkhaṇavasena sanniṭṭhāna’’</span>nti. Kiṃ vā etena papañcena, aññehi ekūnacattālīsāya kammaṭṭhānehi asaṃsaṭṭhaṃ catudhātuvavatthānaṃ nāma ekaṃ kammaṭṭhānanti dassetuṃ ‘‘ekaṃ vavatthāna’’nti vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. ‘‘Catudhātuvavatthānassa bhāvanāniddeso’’ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu catudhātuvavatthānaṃ bhāvanāva? Saccaṃ bhāvanāva, sakiṃ pavattaṃ pana vavatthānaṃ, tassa bahulīkāro bhāvanāti vacanabhedena vuttaṃ. Kathaṃ pana bhāvanā niddisīyati tassā vacīgocarātikkantabhāvatoti? Nāyaṃ doso bhāvanatthe bhāvanāvohārato. Bhāvanattho hi kammaṭṭhānapariggaho idha ‘‘bhāvanā’’ti adhippeto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabhāvūpalakkhaṇavasenā</span>ti kakkhaḷattādikassa salakkhaṇassa upadhāraṇavasena. Idaṃ hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ pathavīkasiṇādikammaṭṭhānaṃ viya na paṇṇattimattasallakkhaṇavasena, nīlakasiṇādikammaṭṭhānaṃ viya na nīlādivaṇṇasallakkhaṇavasena, nāpi vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ viya saṅkhārānaṃ aniccatādisāmaññalakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena pavattati, atha kho pathavīādīnaṃ sabhāvasallakkhaṇavasena pavattati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabhāvūpalakkhaṇavasenā’’ti, kakkhaḷattādikassa salakkhaṇassa upadhāraṇavasenāti attho. <span class="bld">Sanniṭṭhāna</span>nti ñāṇavinicchayo veditabbo, na yevāpanakavinicchayo, nāpi vitakkādivinicchayo<a name="M1.0426"></a>. <span class="bld">Dhātumanasikāro</span>ti dhātūsu manasikāro, catasso dhātuyo ārabbha bhāvanāmanasikāroti attho. Kātabbato kammaṃ, yogino sukhavisesānaṃ kāraṇabhāvato ṭhānañcāti kammaṭṭhānaṃ, catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ sabhāvasallakkhaṇavasena pavattaṃ yogakammaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhātumanasikāro, dhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ, catudhātuvavatthānanti atthato eka’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ</span> catudhātuvavatthānaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvidhā āgata’’</span>nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu dhātuvibhaṅge nātisaṅkhepavitthāravasena āgataṃ, tasmā ‘‘tidhā āgata’’nti vattabbanti? Na, tatthāpi ajjhattikānaṃ dhātūnaṃ pabhedato anavasesapariyādānassa katattā, bāhirānañca dhātūnaṃ pariggahitattā<a name="V1.0400"></a>. Atha vā <span class="bld">dvidhā āgata</span>nti ettha dvidhāva āgatanti na evaṃ niyamo gahetabbo, atha kho dvidhā āgatamevāti, tena tatiyassāpi pakārassa saṅgaho siddho hoti. So ca nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayo ‘‘saṅkhepato ca vitthārato cā’’ti ettha āvuttivasena, <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddeneva vā saṅgahoti daṭṭhabbo. Atha vā yo nātisaṅkhepavitthāranayena atisaṅkhepapaṭikkhepamukhena labbhamāno vitthārabhāgo, taṃ vitthāranayantogadhameva katvā vuttaṃ ‘‘dvidhā āgata’’nti. Evañca katvā ‘‘nātitikkhapaññassa dhātukammaṭṭhānikassa vasena vitthārato āgata’’nti idañca vacanaṃ samatthitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">‘‘Mahāsatipaṭṭhāne’’</span>ti ca idaṃ nidassanamattaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, <span class="bld">satipaṭṭhāna</span>(dī. ni. 2.378 ādayo; ma. ni. 3.111 ādayo) <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatisuttādīsu</span>pi (ma. ni. 3.153 ādayo) tatheva āgatattā. <span class="bld">Rāhulovāde</span>ti mahārāhulovāde (ma. ni. 2.113 ādayo). <span class="bld">Dhātuvibhaṅge</span>ti dhātuvibhaṅgasutte (ma. ni. 3.342 ādayo), abhidhamme dhātuvibhaṅge (vibha. 172 ādayo) ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">mahāsatipaṭṭhāne</span> atthena upamaṃ parivāretvā desanā āgatā, upamā ca nāma yāvadeva upameyyatthavibhāvanatthāti upamaṃ tāva dassetvā upameyyatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘seyyathāpī’’</span>tiādinā pāḷi ānītā. Kasmā panettha dhātuvasena, tatthapi catumahābhūtavasena kammaṭṭhānaniddeso katoti? Sattasuññatāsandassanatthaṃ, ettha dhātuvasena, tatthāpi oḷārikabhāvena supākaṭatāya, ekaccaveneyyajanacaritānukulatāya ca mahābhūtavasena kammaṭṭhānaniddeso katoti veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">pathavīdhātū</span>tiādīsu dhātuttho nāma sabhāvattho, sabhāvattho <a name="M1.0427"></a> nāma suññatattho, suññatattho nāma nissattattho. Evaṃ sabhāvasuññatanissattatthena pathavīyeva dhātu <span class="bld">pathavīdhātu. Āpodhātu</span>ādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Pathavīdhātū</span>ti sahajarūpadhammānaṃ patiṭṭhā dhātu, tathā <span class="bld">āpodhātū</span>ti ābandhanadhātu, <span class="bld">tejodhātū</span>ti paripācanadhātu, <span class="bld">vāyodhātū</span>ti vitthambhanadhātūti evamettha samāso, bhāvattho ca veditabbo. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana parato āgamissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ tikkhapaññassā</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">eva</span>nti yathādassitaṃ pāḷiṃ paccāmasati. Nātitikkhapaññassa vitthāradesanāti katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘tikkhapaññassā’’</span>ti. Yathā vatthayugaṃ arahatīti vatthayugiko, evaṃ dhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ arahati, dhātukammaṭṭhānapayojanoti vā dhātukammaṭṭhāniko, tassa <span class="bld">dhātukammaṭṭhānikassa</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cheko</span>ti <a name="V1.0401"></a> taṃtaṃsamaññāya kusalo, yathājāte sūnasmiṃ naṅguṭṭhakhuravisāṇādivante aṭṭhimaṃsādiavayavasamudāye avibhatte gāvīsamaññā, na vibhatte, vibhatte pana aṭṭhimaṃsādiavayavasamaññāti jānanako. <span class="bld">Goghātako</span>ti jīvikatthāya gunnaṃ ghātako. <span class="bld">Antevāsī</span>ti kammakaraṇavasena tassa samīpavāsī tassa tannissāya jīvanato. <span class="bld">Vinivijjhitvā</span>ti ekasmiṃ ṭhāne aññaṃ vinivijjhitvā. <span class="bld">Mahāpathānaṃ vemajjhaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte</span>ti catunnaṃ mahāpathānaṃ tāya eva vinivijjhanaṭṭhānasaṅkhāte. Yasmā te cattāro mahāpathā catūhi disāhi āgantvā samohitā viya honti, tasmā taṃ ṭhānaṃ catumahāpathānaṃ, tasmiṃ <span class="bld">catumahāpathe</span>. Vilīyanti bhijjanti vibhajjantīti bīlā, bhāgā, <span class="bld">va</span>-kārassa ba-kāraṃ, i-kārassa ca ī-kāraṃ katvā. Tameva hi bhāgatthaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi ṭhita-saddo ‘‘ṭhito vā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.28) viya ṭhānasaṅkhātairiyāpathasamaṅgitāya, gatinivattiatthatāya vā ṭhā-saddassa aññattha ṭhapetvā gamanaṃ sesairiyāpathasamaṅgitāya bodhako, idha pana yathā tathā rūpakāyassa pavattiākārabodhako adhippetoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ iriyāpathānaṃ yena kenaci ākārena ṭhitattā</span> <span class="bld">yathāṭhita’’</span>nti<a name="M1.0428"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">ākārenā</span>ti ṭhānādinā rūpakāyassa pavattiākārena. Ṭhānādayo hi iriyāsaṅkhātāya kāyikakiriyāya pavattiṭṭhānatāya ‘‘iriyāpathā’’ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Yathāṭhita</span>nti yathāpavattaṃ. Yathāvuttaṭṭhānamevettha paṇidhānanti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘yathāṭhitattāva yathāpaṇihita’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Ṭhita</span>nti vā kāyassa ṭhānasaṅkhātairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇihita</span>nti tadaññairiyāpathasamāyogaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhita</span>nti vā kāyasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpadhammānaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ khaṇe sakiccavasena avaṭṭhānaparidīpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṇihita</span>nti paccayakiccavasena tehi tehi paccayehi pakārato nihitaṃ paṇihitanti evamettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Dhātuso</span>ti dhātuṃ dhātuṃ pathavīādidhātuṃ visuṃ visuṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhatī</span>ti pati pati avekkhati ñāṇacakkhunā vinibbhujitvā passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā chekotiādinā pāḷiyā saddatthavivaraṇavasena vuttamevatthaṃ idāni bhāvatthavibhāvanavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā goghātakassā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">posentassā</span>ti maṃsūpacayaparibrūhanāya kuṇḍakabhattakappāsaṭṭhiādīhi saṃvaḍḍhentassa. <span class="bld">Vadhitaṃ mata</span>nti hiṃsitaṃ hutvā mataṃ. <span class="bld">Mata</span>nti ca matamattaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘tāvadevā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Gāvīti saññā na antaradhāyati</span> yāni aṅgapaccaṅgāni upādāya gāvīsamaññā, matamattāyapi gāviyā tesaṃ sannivesassa avinaṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Bilāso</span>ti bilaṃ bilaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Vibhajitvā</span>ti aṭṭhisaṅghātato maṃsaṃ vivecetvā, tato vā vivecitaṃ <a name="V1.0402"></a> maṃsaṃ bhāgaso katvā. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘maṃsasaññā pavattatī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Pabbajitassapi</span> apariggahitakammaṭṭhānassa. <span class="bld">Ghanavinibbhoga</span>nti santatisamūhakiccaghanānaṃ vinibbhujanaṃ vivecanaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhātuso paccavekkhato</span>ti yathāvuttaṃ ghanavinibbhogaṃ katvā dhātuso paccavekkhantassa. <span class="bld">Sattasaññā</span>ti attānudiṭṭhivasena pavattā sattasaññāti vadanti, vohāravasena pavattasattasaññāyapi tadā antaradhānaṃ yuttameva yāthāvato ghanavinibbhogassa sampādanato. Evaṃ hi sati yathāvuttaopammatthena opameyyattho aññadatthu saṃsandati sameti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘dhātuvaseneva cittaṃ santiṭṭhatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para307"></a><span class="paranum">307</span>. Evaṃ dhātukammaṭṭhānassa saṅkhepato āgataṭṭhānaṃ dassetvā idāni vitthārato āgataṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘mahāhatthipadūpame panā’’</span>tiādi <a name="M1.0429"></a> vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti iminā <span class="bld">rāhulovāda-</span> (ma. ni. 2.113 ādayo) <span class="bld">dhātuvibhaṅgesu</span> (ma. ni. 3.342 ādayo; vibha. 172 ādayo) dhātukammaṭṭhānassa vitthārato āgamanameva upasaṃharati, na sabbaṃ desanānayaṃ aññathāpi tattha desanānayassa āgatattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ yathādassite mahāhatthipadūpamapāṭhe. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikā</span>ti sattasantānapariyāpannā. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ paccatta</span>nti padadvayenāpi taṃtaṃpāṭipuggalikadhammo vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ubhayampi niyakassa adhivacana’’</span>nti. Sasantatipariyāpannatāya pana attani gahetabbabhāvūpagamanavasena attānaṃ adhikicca pavattaṃ <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ</span>. Taṃtaṃsantatipariyāpannatāya <span class="bld">paccattaṃ</span>. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘attani pavattattā ajjhattaṃ, attānaṃ paṭicca paṭicca pavattattā paccatta’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Kakkhaḷa</span>nti kathinaṃ. Yasmā taṃ thaddhabhāvena sahajātānaṃ patiṭṭhā hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘‘thaddha’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kharigata</span>nti kharīsu kharasabhāvesu gataṃ tappariyāpannaṃ, kharasabhāvamevāti attho. Yasmā pana kharasabhāvaṃ pharusākārena upaṭṭhānato pharusākāraṃ hoti, tasmā vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘pharusa’’</span>nti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘dutiyaṃ ākāravacana’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Upādinnaṃ</span> nāma sarīraṭṭhakaṃ. Taṃ pana kammasamuṭṭhānataṃ sandhāya upādinnampi atthi anupādinnampi, taṇhādīhi ādinnagahitaparāmaṭṭhavasena sabbampetaṃ upādinnamevāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘upādinnanti daḷhaṃ ādinna’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘‘mama’’nti gahitaṃ ‘‘aha’’nti parāmaṭṭhanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Seyyathida</span>nti kathetukamyatāpucchāvācīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘taṃ katamanti ceti attho’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Tato</span>ti pacchā. <span class="bld">Ta</span>nti taṃ ajjhattikādibhedato dassitaṃ pathavīdhātuṃ. <span class="bld">Dassento</span>ti vatthuvibhāgena dassento. Kiñcāpi matthaluṅgaṃ aṭṭhimiñjeneva saṅgahetvā idha pāḷiyaṃ visuṃ na uddhaṭaṃ, <span class="bld">paṭisambhidāmagge</span> <a name="V1.0403"></a> (paṭi. ma. 1.4) pana vīsatiyā ākārehi paripuṇṇaṃ katvā dassetuṃ visuṃ gahitanti tampi saṅgaṇhanto thaddhabhāvādhikatāya pathavīdhātukoṭṭhāsesuyeva <span class="bld">‘‘matthaluṅgaṃ pakkhipitvā vīsatiyā ākārehi pathavīdhātu niddiṭṭhāti veditabbā’’</span>ti āha. <span class="bld">‘‘Yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñcī’’</span>ti vā iminā pāḷiyaṃ matthaluṅgassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā idha <span class="bld">‘‘yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñcī’’</span>ti idaṃ pubbāparāpekkhaṃ ‘‘matthaluṅgaṃ pakkhipitvā vīsatiyā ākārehi pathavīdhātu niddiṭṭhāti veditabbā, yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñcī’’ti vacanato. Puna <span class="bld">yaṃ vā panaññampi kiñcī</span>ti avasesesu tīsu koṭṭhāsesūti <a name="M1.0430"></a> yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Tīsu koṭṭhāsesū</span>ti tippakāresu koṭṭhāsesu. Na hi te tayo koṭṭhāsā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vissandanabhāvenā</span>ti paggharaṇasabhāvena. <span class="bld">Appotī</span>ti visarati. <span class="bld">Pappotī</span>ti pāpuṇāti, sasambhāraāpavasena cetaṃ vuttaṃ. So hi vissandanabhāvena sasambhārapathavīsaṅkhātaṃ taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ visarati, pāpuṇāti ca, lakkhaṇāpavaseneva vā. Sopi hi sahajātaaññamaññanissayādipaccayatāya sesabhūtattayasaṅkhātaṃ taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ dravabhāvasiddhena vissandanabhāvena ābandhattaṃ, āsattattaṃ, avippakiṇṇañca karontaṃ ‘‘appoti pappotī’’ti vattabbataṃ arahatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tejanavasenā</span>ti nisitabhāvena tikkhabhāvena. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti kammasamuṭṭhānādivasena ‘‘nānāvidhesū’’ti āpodhātuyaṃ vuttanayena. <span class="bld">Kupitenā</span>ti khubhitena. <span class="bld">Usumajāto</span>ti usmābhibhūto. <span class="bld">Jīratī</span>ti jiṇṇo hoti. Tejodhātuvasena labbhamānā imasmiṃ kāye jarāpavatti pākaṭajarāvasena veditabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘indriyavekallata’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Sarīre pakatiusumaṃ atikkamitvā uṇhabhāvo <span class="bld">santāpo,</span> sarīrassa dahanavasena pavatto mahādāho <span class="bld">paridāho</span>ti ayametesaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Yena jīrīyatī</span>ti ca ekāhikādijararogena jarīyatītipi attho yujjati. Satakkhattuṃ tāpetvā tāpetvā sītudake pakkhipitvā uddhaṭā sappi <span class="bld">‘‘satadhotasappī’’</span>ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Asita</span>nti bhuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Khāyita</span>nti khāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Sāyita</span>nti assāditaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammā paripākaṃ gacchatī</span>ti samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā vasena vuttaṃ, asammāparipākopi pana visamavepākiniyā tassā eva vasena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Rasādibhāvenā</span>ti rasarudhiramaṃsamedanhāruaṭṭhiaṭṭhimiñjasukkavasena. <span class="bld">Viveka</span>nti puthubhāvaṃ aññamaññaṃ visadisabhāvaṃ. Asitādibhedassa hi āhārassa pariṇāme raso hoti, taṃ paṭicca rasadhātu uppajjatīti attho. Evaṃ ‘‘rasassa pariṇāme rudhira’’ntiādinā sabbaṃ netabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāyanavasenā</span>ti <a name="V1.0404"></a> samudīraṇavasena, savegagamanavasena vā. <span class="bld">Uggārahikkādī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena uddekakhipanādipavattanakavātānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo<a name="M1.0431"></a>. <span class="bld">Uccārapassāvādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena pittasemhalasikākevaladuggandhādinīharaṇakānaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Yadipi kucchi-saddo udarapariyāyo, koṭṭha-saddena pana antantarassa vuccamānattā tadavasiṭṭho udarappadeso idha kucchi-saddena vuccatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘kucchisayā vātāti antānaṃ bahivātā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Samiñjanapasāraṇādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ālokanavilokanauddharaṇātiharaṇādikā sabbā kāyikakiriyā saṅgahitā. <span class="bld">‘‘Assāsapassāsā cittasamuṭṭhānāvā’’</span>ti etena assāsapassāsānaṃ sarīraṃ muñcitvā pavatti natthīti dīpeti. Na hi bahiddhā cittasamuṭṭhānassa sambhavo atthīti. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ ‘‘passāsoti bahinikkhamananāsikavāto, dīghanāsikassa nāsikaggaṃ, itarassa uttaroṭṭhaṃ phusanto pavattatī’’ti vacanaṃ? Taṃ nikkhamanākārena pavattiyā cittasamuṭṭhānassa, santāne pavattautusamuṭṭhānassa ca vasena vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti āpodhātuādīnaṃ tissannaṃ dhātūnaṃ niddesaṃ sandhāyāha. Tattha āpodhātuniddese ‘‘yaṃ vā panañña’’nti iminā sambhavassa, tejodhātuniddese sarīre pākatikausmāya, vāyodhātuniddese dhamanijālānusaṭassa tattha tattha cammakhīlapīḷakādinibbattakavāyuno saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Samiñjanādinibbattakavātā cittasamuṭṭhānāva. Yadi evaṃ, kathaṃ ‘‘purimā pañca catusamuṭṭhānā’’ti vacanaṃ? Na hi samiñjanādinibbattakā eva aṅgamaṅgānusārino vātā, atha kho tadaññepīti natthi virodho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘vīsatiyā ākārehī’’</span>tiādi. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etasmiṃ vitthārato āgate dhātukammaṭṭhāneti attho. Tena ayaṃ vaṇṇanā na kevalaṃ mahāhatthipadūpamasseva (ma. ni. 1.300 ādayo), atha kho <span class="bld">mahārāhulovāda-</span> (ma. ni. 2.113 ādayo) <span class="bld">dhātuvibhaṅgasuttāna</span>mpi (ma. ni. 3.342 ādayo) atthasaṃvaṇṇanā hotiyevāti dassitaṃ hoti. Bhāvanānayepi eseva nayo. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘evaṃ rāhulovādadhātuvibhaṅgesupī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para308"></a><span class="paranum">308</span>. <span class="bld">Bhāvanānaye</span>ti bhāvanāya naye. Yena kammaṭṭhānabhāvanā ijjhati, tasmiṃ bhāvanāvidhimhīti attho. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti dhātukammaṭṭhāne. Yasmā yesaṃ ‘‘tikkhapañño nātitikkhapañño’’ti imesaṃ duvidhānaṃ puggalānaṃ vasena idaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ dvidhā āgataṃ dvidhā desitaṃ, tasmā kammaṭṭhānābhinivesopi tesaṃ dvidhāva icchitabboti taṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tikkhapaññassa bhikkhuno’’</span>tiādi <a name="M1.0432"></a> āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Lomā pathavīdhātūtī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo ādiattho<a name="V1.0405"></a>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vitthārato dhātupariggaho</span>ti ‘‘kesā pathavīdhātu, lomā pathavīdhātū’’tiādinā evaṃ dvācattālīsāya ākārehi vitthārato dhātukammaṭṭhānapariggaho. <span class="bld">Papañcato</span>ti dandhato saṇikato. <span class="bld">Yaṃ thaddhalakkhaṇa</span>nti kesādīsu yaṃ thaddhalakkhaṇaṃ kakkhaḷabhāvo. <span class="bld">Yaṃ ābandhanalakkhaṇa</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Evaṃ manasi karoto</span>ti vatthuṃ anāmasitvā evaṃ lakkhaṇamattato manasikāraṃ pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Assā</span>ti tikkhapaññassa. <span class="bld">Kammaṭṭhānaṃ pākaṭaṃ hotī</span>ti yogakammassa pavattiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ tadeva lakkhaṇaṃ vibhūtaṃ hoti, tassa vā lakkhaṇassa suṭṭhu upaṭṭhānato taṃ ārabbha pavattamānaṃ manasikārasaṅkhātaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ vibhūtaṃ visadaṃ hoti, tikkhapaññassa indriyapāṭavena saṃkhittarucibhāvato. Sabbaso mandapaññassa bhāvanāva na ijjhatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘nātitikkhapaññassā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ manasi karoto</span>ti vuttanayena saṅkhepato manasi karoto. <span class="bld">Andhakāraṃ avibhūtaṃ hotī</span>ti anupaṭṭhānato andhaṃ viya karontaṃ apākaṭaṃ hoti kammaṭṭhānanti yojanā. <span class="bld">Purimanayenā</span>ti ‘‘kesā pathavīdhātū’’tiādinā pubbe vuttanayena. Vatthuāmasanena <span class="bld">vitthārato manasi karontassa pākaṭaṃ hoti</span> kammaṭṭhānaṃ, nātitikkhapaññassa akhippanisantitāya vitthārarucibhāvato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yathāvuttamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yathā dvīsu bhikkhūsū’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">peyyālamukha</span>nti peyyālapāḷiyā mukhabhūtaṃ dvārabhūtaṃ ādito vāraṃ, vāradvayaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Vitthāretvā</span>ti anavasesato sajjhāyitvā. <span class="bld">Ubhatokoṭivasenevā</span>ti tassa tassa vārassa ādiantaggahaṇavaseneva. <span class="bld">Oṭṭhapariyāhatamatta</span>nti oṭṭhānaṃ samphusanamattaṃ. Yathā ganthaparivattane tikkhapaññassa bhikkhuno saṅkhepo ruccati, na vitthāro. Itarassa ca vitthāro ruccati, na saṅkhepo, evaṃ bhāvanānayepīti upamāsaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā tikkhapaññassa saṅkhepo, nātitikkhapaññassa ca vitthāro sappāyo, tasmā. Yasmā kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjitukāmassa sīlavisodhanādipubbakiccaṃ icchitabbaṃ, taṃ sabbākārasampannaṃ heṭṭhā vuttamevāti idha na āmaṭṭhaṃ. Yasmā pana vivekaṭṭhakāyassa, vivekaṭṭhacittasseva ca bhāvanā ijjhati<a name="M1.0433"></a>, na itarassa, tasmā tadubhayaṃ dassento <span class="bld">‘‘rahogatena paṭisallīnenā’’</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">rahogatenā</span>ti rahasi gatena, ekākinā bhāvanānukūlaṭṭhānaṃ upagatenāti attho. <span class="bld">Paṭisallīnenā</span>ti pati pati puthuttārammaṇato cittaṃ nisedhetvā kammaṭṭhāne sallīnena, tattha saṃsiliṭṭhacittenāti attho. <span class="bld">Sakalampi attano rūpakāyaṃ āvajjetvā</span>ti uddhaṃ pādatalā, adho kesamatthakā, tiriyaṃ tacapariyantaṃ sabbampi <a name="V1.0406"></a> attano karajakāyaṃ dhātuvasena manasi karonto yasmā cātumahābhūtiko ayaṃ kāyo, tasmā ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātū’’ti catumahābhūtavasena samannāharitvāti attho. Idāni tāsaṃ dhātūnaṃ lakkhaṇato, upaṭṭhānākārato ca manasikāravidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘yo imasmiṃ kāye’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">thaddhabhāvo</span>ti lakkhaṇamāha. Thaddhattalakkhaṇā hi pathavīdhātu. <span class="bld">Kharabhāvo</span>ti upaṭṭhānākāraṃ, ñāṇena gahetabbākāranti attho. <span class="bld">Dravabhāvo</span> lakkhaṇaṃ āpodhātuyā paggharaṇasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Ābandhanaṃ</span> upaṭṭhānākāro. <span class="bld">Uṇhabhāvo</span> lakkhaṇaṃ tejodhātuyā usmāsabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Paripācanaṃ</span> upaṭṭhānākāro. <span class="bld">Vitthambhanaṃ</span> lakkhaṇaṃ vāyodhātuyā upatthambhanasabhāvattā. <span class="bld">Samudīraṇaṃ</span> upaṭṭhānākāro, upaṭṭhānākāro ca nāma dhātūnaṃ sakiccakaraṇavasena ñāṇassa vibhūtākāro. Kasmā panettha ubhayaggahaṇaṃ? Puggalajjhāsayato. Ekaccassa hi dhātuyo manasi karontassa tā sabhāvato gahetabbataṃ gacchanti, ekaccassa sakiccakaraṇato, yo rasoti vuccati. Tatrāyaṃ yogī dhātuyo manasi karonto ādito paccekaṃ salakkhaṇato, sarasatopi pariggaṇhāti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘yo imasmiṃ kāye thaddhabhāvo vā kharabhāvo vā…pe… evaṃ saṃkhittena dhātuyo pariggahetvā’’</span>ti. Tattha <span class="bld">pariggahetvā</span>ti pariggāhakabhūtena ñāṇena dhātuyo lakkhaṇato, rasato vā paricchijja gahetvā. Ayaṃ tāva saṃkhittato bhāvanānaye kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pana dhātuyo pariggahetvā ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye pathavīdhātu thaddhabhāvo vā kharabhāvo vā, āpodhātu dravabhāvo vā ābandhanabhāvo vā, tejodhātu uṇhabhāvo vā paripācanabhāvo vā, vāyodhātu vitthambhanabhāvo <a name="M1.0434"></a> vā samudīraṇabhāvo vā’’ti evaṃ lakkhaṇādīhi saddhiṃyeva dhātuyo manasi karontena kālasatampi kālasahassampi punappunaṃ āvajjitabbaṃ manasi kātabbaṃ, takkāhataṃ vitakkapariyāhataṃ kātabbaṃ. Tassevaṃ manasi karoto yaṃ lakkhaṇādīsu supākaṭaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti, tadeva gahetvā itaraṃ vissajjetvā tena saddhiṃ ‘‘pathavīdhātu āpodhātū’’tiādinā manasikāro pavattetabbo. Evaṃ manasi karontena hi anupubbato, nātisīghato, nātisaṇikato, vikkhepapaṭibāhanato, paṇṇattisamatikkamanato, anupaṭṭhānamuñcanato, lakkhaṇato, tayo ca suttantāti imehi dasahākārehi manasikārakosallaṃ anuṭṭhātabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">anupubbato</span>ti anupaṭipāṭito ācariyassa santike uggahitapaṭipāṭito, sā ca desanāpaṭipāṭiyeva<a name="V1.0407"></a>. Evaṃ anupubbato manasi karontenāpi nātisīghato manasi kātabbaṃ. Atisīghato manasi karoto hi aparāparaṃ kammaṭṭhānamanasikāro nirantaraṃ pavattati, kammaṭṭhānaṃ pana avibhūtaṃ hoti, na visesaṃ āvahati. Tasmā <span class="bld">nātisīghato</span> manasi kātabbaṃ. Yathā ca nātisīghato, evaṃ <span class="bld">nātisaṇikato</span>pi. Atisaṇikato manasi karoto hi kammaṭṭhānaṃ pariyosānaṃ na gacchati, visesādhigamassa paccayo na hoti. Atisīghaṃ atisaṇikañca maggaṃ gacchantā purisā ettha nidassetabbā. <span class="bld">Vikkhepapaṭibāhanato</span>ti kammaṭṭhānaṃ vissajjetvā bahiddhā puthuttārammaṇe cetaso vikkhepo paṭibāhitabbo. Bahiddhā vikkhepe hi sati kammaṭṭhānā parihāyati paridhaṃsati. Ekapadikamaggagāmī puriso cettha nidassetabbo. <span class="bld">Paṇṇattisamatikkamanato</span>ti ‘‘yā ayaṃ pathavīdhātū’’tiādikā paṇṇatti, taṃ atikkamitvā lakkhaṇesu eva cittaṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṇṇattiṃ vijahitvā kakkhaḷalakkhaṇādīsu eva manasikāraṃ pavattentassa lakkhaṇāni supākaṭāni suvibhūtāni hutvā upaṭṭhahanti. Tassevaṃ punappunaṃ manasikāravasena cittaṃ āsevanaṃ labhati. Sabbo rūpakāyo dhātumattato upaṭṭhāti suñño nissatto nijjīvo yantaṃ viya yantasuttena aparāparaṃ parivattamāno. Sace pana bahiddhāpi manasikāraṃ upasaṃharati, athassa āhiṇḍantā manussatiracchānādayo sattākāraṃ vijahitvā <a name="M1.0435"></a> dhātusamūhavaseneva upaṭṭhahanti, tehi kariyamānā kiriyā dhātumayena yantena pavattiyamānā hutvā upaṭṭhāti, tehi ajjhohariyamānaṃ pānabhojanādi dhātusaṅghāte pakkhippamāno dhātusaṅghāto viya upaṭṭhāti. Athassa tathā laddhāsevanampi cittaṃ yadi accāraddhavīriyatāya uddhaccavasena vā atilīnavīriyatāya kosajjavasena vā bhāvanāvidhiṃ na otareyya, tadā <span class="bld">adhicittasuttaṃ</span> (a. ni. 3.103), <span class="bld">anuttarasītibhāvasuttaṃ</span> (a. ni. 6.85), <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgasutta</span>nti (saṃ. ni. 5.194-195) imesu tīsu suttesu āgatanayena vīriyasamādhiyojanā kātabbā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘tayo ca suttantā’’</span>ti. Evaṃ pana vīriyasamataṃ yojetvā tasmiṃyeva lakkhaṇe manasikāraṃ pavattentassa yadā saddhādīni indriyāni laddhasamatāni suvisadāni pavattanti, tadā asaddhiyādīnaṃ dūrībhāvena sātisayaṃ thāmappattehi sattahi balehi laddhūpatthambhāni vitakkādīni jhānaṅgāni paṭutarāni hutvā pātubhavanti, tesaṃ ujuvipaccanīkatāya nīvaraṇāni vikkhambhitāniyeva honti saddhiṃ tadekaṭṭhehi pāpadhammehi. Ettāvatā cānena upacārajjhānaṃ samadhigataṃ hoti dhātulakkhaṇārammaṇaṃ<a name="V1.0408"></a>. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘punappunaṃ pathavīdhātu āpodhātūti…pe… upacāramatto samādhi uppajjatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhātumattato</span>ti visesanivattiattho <span class="bld">matta</span>-saddo. Tena yaṃ ito bāhirakā, lokiyamahājano ca ‘‘satto jīvo’’tiādikaṃ visesaṃ imasmiṃ attabhāve avijjamānaṃ vikappanāmatteneva samāropenti, taṃ nivatteti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘nissattato nijjīvato’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Āvajjitabba</span>nti samannāharitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Manasi kātabba</span>nti punappunaṃ bhāvanāvasena dhātumattato dhātulakkhaṇaṃ manasi ṭhapetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Paccavekkhitabba</span>nti tadeva dhātulakkhaṇaṃ pati pati avekkhitabbaṃ, bhāvanāsiddhena ñāṇacakkhunā aparāparaṃ paccakkhato passitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tassevaṃ vāyamamānassā</span>ti tassa yogino evaṃ vuttappakārena bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjantassa, tattha ca bhāvanāanuyoge sakkaccakāritāya, sātaccakāritāya, sappāyasevitāya, samathanimittasallakkhaṇena, bojjhaṅgānaṃ anupavattanena, kāye ca jīvite ca nirapekkhavuttitāya, antarā saṅkocaṃ anāpajjantena bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ussoḷhiyaṃ avaṭṭhānena <a name="M1.0436"></a> sammadeva vāyāmaṃ payogaṃ parakkamaṃ pavattentassa. <span class="bld">Dhātuppabhedāvabhāsanapaññāpariggahito</span>ti pathavīādīnaṃ dhātūnaṃ sabhāvalakkhaṇāvabhāsanena avabhāsanakiccāya bhāvanāpaññāya ādimajjhapariyosānesu avijahanena sabbato gahito mahaggatabhāvaṃ appattatāya upacāramatto sikhāppatto kāmāvacarasamādhi uppajjati. <span class="bld">Upacārasamādhī</span>ti ca ruḷhīvasena veditabbaṃ. Appanaṃ hi upecca cārī samādhi upacārasamādhi, appanā cettha natthi. Tādisassa pana samādhissa samānalakkhaṇatāya evaṃ vuttaṃ. Kasmā panettha appanā na hotīti? Tattha kāraṇamāha <span class="bld">‘‘sabhāvadhammārammaṇattā’’</span>ti. Sabhāvadhamme hi tassa gambhīrabhāvato asati bhāvanāvisese appanājhānaṃ na uppajjati, lokuttaraṃ pana jhānaṃ visuddhibhāvanānukkamavasena, āruppaṃ ārammaṇātikkamabhāvanāvasena appanāppattaṃ hotīti <span class="bld">maraṇānussatiniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.177) vuttovāyamattho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ rūpakāye avisesena catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ pariggaṇhanavasena dhātukammaṭṭhānaṃ dassetvā idāni tattha aṭṭhiādīnaṃ vinibbhujanavasena saṅkhepato <span class="bld">sutte</span> āgataṃ dhātumanasikāravidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘atha vā panā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha ye ime cattāro koṭṭhāsā vuttāti sambandho. Yathāpaccayaṃ ṭhitā sannivesavisiṭṭhā kaṭṭhavallitiṇamattikāyo upādāya yathā agārasamaññā, na tattha <a name="V1.0409"></a> koci agāro nāma atthi, evaṃ yathāpaccayaṃ sannivesavisiṭṭhāni pavattamānāni aṭṭhinhārumaṃsacammāni paṭicca sarīrasamaññā, na ettha koci attā jīvo. Kevalaṃ tehi parivāritamākāsamattanti dasseti. Desanā sattasuññatāsandassanaparāti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento <span class="bld">‘‘nissattabhāvadassanattha’’</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aṭṭhiñca paṭiccā</span>ti paṇhikaṭṭhikādibhedaṃ paṭipāṭiyā ussitaṃ hutvā ṭhitaṃ atirekatisatabhedaṃ aṭṭhiṃ upādāya. <span class="bld">Nhāruñcā</span>ti tameva aṭṭhisaṅghāṭaṃ ābandhitvā ṭhitaṃ navasatappabhedaṃ nhāruṃ. <span class="bld">Maṃsa</span>nti tameva aṭṭhisaṅghāṭaṃ anulimpitvā ṭhitaṃ navapesisatappabhedaṃ maṃsaṃ. <span class="bld">Camma</span>nti macchikapattakacchāyāya chaviyā sañchāditaṃ sakalasarīraṃ pariyonandhitvā ṭhitaṃ bahalacammaṃ <span class="bld">paṭicca</span> upādāya. Sabbattha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho. <span class="bld">Ākāso parivārito</span>ti yathā bhittipādādivasena ṭhapitaṃ kaṭṭhaṃ, tasseva ābandhanavalli, anulepanamattikā, chādanatiṇanti etāni kaṭṭhādīni anto, bahi ca parivāretvā ṭhito ākāso <a name="M1.0437"></a> <span class="bld">agārantveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati,</span> gehanti paṇṇattiṃ labhati, evameva yathāvuttāni aṭṭhiādīni anto, bahi ca parivāretvā ṭhito ākāso tāneva aṭṭhiādīni upādāya <span class="bld">rūpantveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati,</span> sarīranti vohāraṃ labhati. Yathā ca kaṭṭhādīni paṭicca saṅkhaṃ gataṃ agāraṃ loke ‘‘khattiyagehaṃ, brāhmaṇageha’’nti vuccati, evamidampi ‘‘khattiyasarīraṃ brāhmaṇasarīra’’nti voharīyati, natthettha koci satto vā jīvo vāti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Te</span>ti te cattāro koṭṭhāse vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvāti yojanā. <span class="bld">Taṃtaṃantarānusārinā</span>ti aṭṭhinhārūnaṃ nhārumaṃsānaṃ maṃsacammānanti tesaṃ tesaṃ koṭṭhāsānaṃ vivarānupātinā ñāṇasaṅkhātena <span class="bld">hatthena. Vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā</span>ti anekakkhattuṃ viniveṭhetvā. Atha vā <span class="bld">vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā</span>ti paccekaṃ aṭṭhiādīnaṃ antarānusārinā ñāṇahatthena vinibbhogaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Etesū</span>ti sakalampi attano rūpakāyaṃ catudhā katvā vibhattesu yathāvuttesu aṭṭhiādīsu catūsu koṭṭhāsesu. <span class="bld">Purimanayenevā</span>ti ‘‘yo imasmiṃ kāye thaddhabhāvo vā’’tiādinā pubbe vuttanayeneva. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ bhāvanāvidhānaṃ, taṃ anantaranaye vuttākāreneva vattabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para309"></a><span class="paranum">309</span>. Vitthārato āgate pana ‘‘catudhātuvavatthāne’’ti ānetvā yojanā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> idāni vuccamānākārena <span class="bld">veditabbo</span> bhāvanānayo. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvācattālīsāya ākārehi dhātuyo uggaṇhitvā’’</span>ti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu ādito dvattiṃsākārā dhātuyo na hontīti? Vatthusīsena dhātūnaṃyeva uggahetabbattā <a name="V1.0410"></a> nāyaṃ doso. <span class="bld">Vuttappakāre</span>ti ‘‘gocaragāmato nātidūranāccāsannatādīhi pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgate’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.53) vuttappakāre. <span class="bld">Katasabbakiccenā</span>ti palibodhupacchedādikaṃ kataṃ sabbakiccaṃ etenāti katasabbakicco, tenassa sīlavisodhanādi pana kammaṭṭhānuggahaṇato pageva siddhaṃ hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Sasambhārasaṅkhepato</span>ti sambharīyanti etena buddhivohārāti sambhāro, tannimittaṃ. Kiṃ panetaṃ? Pathavīādi. Kesādīsu hi vīsatiyā ākāresu ‘‘pathavī’’ti buddhivohārā pathavīnimittakā thaddhataṃ upādāya pavattanato. Tasmā <a name="M1.0438"></a> tattha pathavīsambhāro nāma savisesāya tassā atthitāya kesādayo saha sambhārehīti sasambhārā. Āpokoṭṭhāsādīsupi eseva nayo. Sasambhārānaṃ saṅkhepo sasambhārasaṅkhepo, tato sasambhārasaṅkhepato bhāvetabbanti yojanā. Saṅkhepato vīsatiyā, dvādasasu, catūsu, chasu ca koṭṭhāsesu yathākkamaṃ pathavīādikā catasso dhātuyo pariggahetvā dhātuvavatthānaṃ sasambhārasaṅkhepato bhāvanā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘idha bhikkhu vīsatiyā koṭṭhāsesū’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sasambhāravibhattito</span>ti sasambhārānaṃ kesādīnaṃ vibhāgato kesādike vīsati koṭṭhāse pubbe viya ekajjhaṃ aggahetvā vibhāgato pathavīdhātubhāvena vavatthāpanaṃ. Āpokoṭṭhāsādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato</span>ti lakkhīyati etenāti lakkhaṇaṃ, dhammānaṃ sabhāvo, idha pana thaddhatādi. Tasmā thaddhalakkhaṇādivantatāya saha lakkhaṇehīti salakkhaṇā, kesādayo dvācattālīsa ākārā. Tesaṃ saṅkhepato. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – kesādike vīsati koṭṭhāse ekajjhaṃ gahetvā tattha thaddhatādikaṃ catubbidhampi lakkhaṇaṃ vavatthapetvā bhāvanā salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato bhāvanā. Esa nayo āpokoṭṭhāsādīsupi. <span class="bld">Salakkhaṇavibhattito</span>ti thaddhalakkhaṇādinā salakkhaṇānaṃ kesādīnaṃ vibhāgato kesādīsu dvācattālīsāya ākāresu paccekaṃ thaddhatādīnaṃ catunnaṃ catunnaṃ lakkhaṇānaṃ vavatthāpanavasena bhāvanā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ catūhi ākārehi uddiṭṭhaṃ bhāvanānayaṃ niddisituṃ <span class="bld">‘‘kathaṃ sasambhārasaṅkhepato bhāvetī’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Ettha ca yathā tikkhapañño puggalo tikkhatāya paropariyattasabbhāvato tikkhindriyamudindriyatāvasena duvidhoti. Tattha tikkhindriyassa vasena saṅkhepato paṭhamanayo vutto, mudindriyassa vasena dutiyo. Evaṃ nātitikkhapaññopi puggaloti. Tattha yo visadindriyo puggalo, tassa vasena sasambhārasaṅkhepato, salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato ca bhāvanānayo niddiṭṭho. Yo pana nātivisadindriyo, tassa vasena sasambhāravibhattito, salakkhaṇavibhattito ca bhāvanānayo niddiṭṭhoti <a name="V1.0411"></a> veditabbo. Tassa evaṃ vavatthāpayato eva dhātuyo pākaṭā honti savisesaṃ dhātūnaṃ pariggahitattā. Bhāvanāvidhānaṃ panettha heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para310"></a><span class="paranum">310</span>. <span class="bld">Yassā</span>ti <a name="M1.0439"></a> nātivisadindriyaṃ puggalaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Evaṃ bhāvayato</span>ti sasambhārasaṅkhepato bhāventassa. Yena vidhinā uggahetvā kusalo hoti, so sattavidho vidhi <span class="bld">‘‘uggahakosalla’’</span>nti vuccati, tannibbattaṃ vā ñāṇaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">manasikārakosalla</span>mpi veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dvattiṃsākāre</span>ti dhātumanasikāravasena pariggahite kesādike dvattiṃsavidhe koṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">‘‘Dvattiṃsākāre’’</span>ti ca idaṃ tejavāyukoṭṭhāsesu vaṇṇādivasena vavatthānassa abhāvato vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ tattha vuttavidhānaṃ kātabba</span>nti ‘‘vacasā manasā’’tiādinā vuttauggahakosalluddesato paṭṭhāya yāva ‘‘anupubbamuñcanādivasenā’’ti padaṃ, tāva āgataṃ sabbaṃ bhāvanāvidhānaṃ kātabbaṃ sampādetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇādivasenā</span>ti vaṇṇasaṇṭhānadisokāsaparicchedavasena. Ayañca vaṇṇādivasena manasikāro dhātupaṭikkūlavaṇṇamanasikārānaṃ sādhāraṇo pubbabhāgoti nibbattitadhātumanasikārameva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avasāne evaṃ manasikāro pavattetabbo’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311"></a><span class="paranum">311</span>. <span class="bld">Aññamaññaṃ ābhogapaccavekkhaṇarahitā ete dhammā</span>ti ete ‘‘sīsakaṭāhapaliveṭhanacammaṃ kesā’’ti evaṃ vohariyamānā bhūtupādāyadhammā ‘‘mayi kesā jātā, mayamettha jātā’’ti evaṃ aññamaññaṃ ābhogapaccavekkhaṇasuññā. Iminā kāraṇassa ca phalassa ca abyāpāratāya dhātumattataṃ sandasseti, tena ca ābhogapaccavekkhaṇānampi evameva abyāpāratā dīpitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi tāni, tesaṃ kāraṇāni ca tathā tathā ābhujitvā, paccavekkhitvā ca uppajjanti, paccayabhāvaṃ vā gacchantīti. <span class="bld">Itī</span>ti vuttappakāraparāmasanaṃ. <span class="bld">Acetano</span>ti na cetano, cetanārahito vā. <span class="bld">Abyākato</span>ti abyākatarāsipariyāpanno. <span class="bld">Suñño</span>ti attasuñño. Tato eva <span class="bld">nissatto</span>. Thaddhalakkhaṇādhikatāya <span class="bld">thaddho</span>. Tato eva <span class="bld">pathavīdhātū</span>ti evaṃ manasikāro pavattetabboti sambandho. Evaṃ sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para312"></a><span class="paranum">312</span>. <span class="bld">Suññagāmaṭṭhāne</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">suññagāma</span>ggahaṇaṃ paramatthato vedakavirahadassanatthaṃ kāyassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para313"></a><span class="paranum">313</span>. <span class="bld">Madhukaṭṭhike</span>ti madhukabījāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para314"></a><span class="paranum">314</span>. Gehathambhānaṃ <a name="M1.0440"></a><a name="V1.0412"></a> ādhārabhāvena ṭhapitasilāyo <span class="bld">pāsāṇaudukkhalakānī</span>ti adhippetāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para315"></a><span class="paranum">315</span>. Duggandhādibhāve cassa sadisabhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">allagocamma</span>ggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para316"></a><span class="paranum">316</span>. Yebhuyyena maṃsapesīnaṃ bahalatāya <span class="bld">mahāmattika</span>ggahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para317"></a><span class="paranum">317</span>. <span class="bld">Kuṭṭadārūsū</span>ti dārukuṭṭikāya kuṭiyā bhittipādabhūtesu kaṭṭhesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. Paṇhikaṭṭhiādīnaṃ ādhārabhāvo viya gopphakaṭṭhiādīnaṃ ādheyyabhāvopi asamannāhārasiddhoti dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘paṇhikaṭṭhigopphakaṭṭhiṃ ukkhipitvā ṭhita’’</span>ntiādiṃ vatvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘sīsaṭṭhigīvaṭṭhike patiṭṭhita’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para319"></a><span class="paranum">319</span>. <span class="bld">Sinnavettaggādīsū</span>ti seditavettakaḷīrādīsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para321"></a><span class="paranum">321</span>. Uraṭṭhisaṅghāṭo pañjarasadisatāya <span class="bld">‘‘uraṭṭhipañjara’’</span>nti vutto. Tassa athirabhāvadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">jiṇṇasandamānikapañjaraṃ</span> nidassanabhāvena gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para322"></a><span class="paranum">322</span>. <span class="bld">Yamakamaṃsapiṇḍe</span>ti maṃsapiṇḍayugaḷe.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. Kilomakassa setavaṇṇatāya <span class="bld">‘‘pilotikapaliveṭhite’’</span>ti pilotikaṃ nidassanabhāvena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evameva na vakkahadayāni sakalasarīre ca maṃsaṃ jānātī</span>ti ettha na vakkahadayāni jānanti ‘‘mayaṃ paṭicchannakilomakena paṭicchannānī’’ti, na sakalasarīre ca maṃsaṃ jānāti ‘‘ahaṃ paṭicchannakilomakena paṭicchanna’’nti yojetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para324"></a><span class="paranum">324</span>. <span class="bld">Koṭṭhamatthakapassa</span>nti kusūlassa abbhantare matthakapassaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para325"></a><span class="paranum">325</span>. <span class="bld">Dvinnaṃ thanānamantare</span>ti dvinnaṃ thanappadesānaṃ vemajjhe, thanappadeso ca abbhantaravasena veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para327"></a><span class="paranum">327</span>. <span class="bld">Ekavīsatiantabhoge</span>ti <a name="V1.0413"></a> ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesu obhaggobhagge antamaṇḍale.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para328"></a><span class="paranum">328</span>. Āmāsaye <a name="M1.0441"></a> ṭhito paribhuttāhāro udariyanti adhippetanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘udariyaṃ udare ṭhitaṃ asitapītakhāyitasāyita’’</span>nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para331"></a><span class="paranum">331</span>. Abaddhapittaṃ saṃsaraṇalohitaṃ viya, kāyusmā viya ca kammajarūpapaṭibaddhavuttikanti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ābaddhapittaṃ jīvitindriyapaṭibaddhaṃ sakalasarīraṃ byāpetvā ṭhita’’</span>nti. Paṭibaddhatāvacanena cassa jīvitindriye sati sabbhāvameva dīpeti, na jīvitindriyassa viya ekantakammajatanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Pittakosake</span>ti mahākosāṭakīkosasadise pittādhāre. <span class="bld">Yūsabhūto</span>ti rasabhūto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para332"></a><span class="paranum">332</span>. Ucchiṭṭhodakagabbhamalādīnaṃ chaḍḍanaṭṭhānaṃ candanikā, tassaṃ <span class="bld">candanikāyaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para333"></a><span class="paranum">333</span>. Pubbāsayo mandapaññānaṃ kesañcideva hotīti katvā asabbasādhāraṇanti adhippāyenāha <span class="bld">‘‘pubbo anibaddhokāso’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para334"></a><span class="paranum">334</span>. <span class="bld">Pittaṃ viyā</span>ti abaddhapittaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Sakalasarīra</span>nti jīvitindriyapaṭibaddhaṃ sabbaṃ sarīrappadesaṃ. <span class="bld">Vakkahadayayakanapapphāsāni tementa</span>nti ettha yakanaṃ heṭṭhābhāgapūraṇena, itarāni tesaṃ upari thokaṃ thokaṃ paggharaṇena ca temetīti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Heṭṭhā leḍḍukhaṇḍādīni temayamāne</span>ti temakatemitabbānaṃ abyāpāratāsāmaññanidassanatthaṃ eva upamā daṭṭhabbā, na ṭhānasāmaññanidassanatthaṃ. Sannicitalohitena hi temetabbānaṃ kesañci heṭṭhā, kassaci upari ṭhitatā <span class="bld">kāyagatāsatiniddese</span> (visuddhi. 1.206) dassitāti. Yakanassa heṭṭhābhāgaṭṭhānaṃ ‘‘mayi lohitaṃ ṭhita’’nti na jānāti, vakkādīni ‘‘amhe temayamānaṃ lohitaṃ ṭhita’’nti na jānantīti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para336"></a><span class="paranum">336</span>. <span class="bld">Patthinnasineho</span>ti thinabhāvaṃ ghanabhāvaṃ gatasineho. Sakalasarīre maṃsanti yojanā, tañca thūlasarīraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Medassa satipi patthinnatāya ghanabhāve maṃsassa viya na baddhatāti vuttaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘patthinnayūso’’</span>ti. Tenevassa āpokoṭṭhāsatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para337"></a><span class="paranum">337</span>. <span class="bld">Udakapuṇṇesu</span> <a name="M1.0442"></a><a name="V1.0414"></a> <span class="bld">taruṇatālaṭṭhikūpakesū</span>ti nātipariṇatānaṃ sajalakānaṃ aggato chinnānaṃ tālasalāṭukānaṃ vivarāni sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para338"></a><span class="paranum">338</span>. Vasāya attano ādhāre abhibyāpanamukhena abyāpāratāsāmaññaṃ vibhāvetabbanti ācāmagatatelaṃ nidassitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para339"></a><span class="paranum">339</span>. <span class="bld">Kheḷuppattipaccaye</span> ambilaggamadhuraggādike.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. Kesādīsu manasikāraṃ pavattetvā tejokoṭṭhāsesu pavattetabbo manasikāroti vibhattiṃ pariṇāmetvā yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Yena santappatī</span>ti yena kāyo santappati, ayaṃ santappanakicco. <span class="bld">Tejo</span>ti tassa pariggaṇhanākāro eva paccāmaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Yena jīrīyatī</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para344"></a><span class="paranum">344</span>. <span class="bld">Assāsapassāsavasenā</span>ti antopavisanabahinikkhamananāsikāvātabhāvena. <span class="bld">‘‘Evaṃ pavattamanasikārassā’’</span>ti iminā vuttākārena sasambhāravibhattito pavattakammaṭṭhānamanasikārassa. <span class="bld">Dhātuyo pākaṭā hontī</span>ti vitthārato pariggahitattā dhātuyo vibhūtā honti. Idhāpi bhāvanāvidhānaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. <span class="bld">Tatthevā</span>ti tesuyeva vīsatiyā koṭṭhāsesu. <span class="bld">Paripācanalakkhaṇaṃ vitthambhanalakkhaṇa</span>nti etthāpi ‘‘tatthevā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <span class="bld">tatthevā</span>ti tesuyeva dvādasasu koṭṭhāsesūti attho. Ettha ca kesādikoṭṭhāsānaṃ saṃviggahatāya tattha vijjamānā āpodhātuādayo nhāniyacuṇṇādīsu udakādayo viya suviññeyyāti <span class="bld">‘‘tattheva ābandhanalakkhaṇa’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Santappanāditejokoṭṭhāsesu pana vāyodhātuādayo na tathā suviññeyyāti katvā <span class="bld">‘‘tena avinibhutta’’</span>nti vuttaṃ, na tatthevāti. Yadi evaṃ, vāyukoṭṭhāsesu kathaṃ tatthevāti? Vāyukoṭṭhāsāpi hi uddhaṅgamavātādayo piṇḍākāreneva pariggahetabbataṃ upagacchanti, na pana santappanāditejokoṭṭhāsāti <a name="V1.0415"></a> nāyaṃ doso. Tattha <span class="bld">tenā</span>ti tena tejena. <span class="bld">Avinibhutta</span>nti avinābhūtaṃ, taṃtaṃkalāpagatavasena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vavatthāpayato</span>ti vuttākārena salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato dhātuyo vavatthāpentassa<a name="M1.0443"></a>. <span class="bld">Vuttanayenā</span>ti ‘‘tassevaṃ vāyamamānassā’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.308) heṭṭhā vuttanayena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para346"></a><span class="paranum">346</span>. <span class="bld">Evampi bhāvayato</span>ti salakkhaṇasaṅkhepato dhātuyo pariggahetvā bhāventassāpi. <span class="bld">Pubbe vuttanayenā</span>ti sasambhāravibhattito <span class="bld">bhāvanāyaṃ</span> vuttena nayena. <span class="bld">Eva</span>nti yathā kese, evaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbakoṭṭhāsesū</span>ti ekacattālīsabhedesu sesasabbakoṭṭhāsesu evamettha aṭṭhasaṭṭhidhātusatassa pariggaho vutto hoti. Bhāvanāvidhānaṃ panettha heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni vacanatthādimukhenapi dhātūsu manasikāravidhānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘vacanatthato’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vacanatthato</span>ti yasmā sabbapaṭhamaṃ kammaṭṭhānassa uggahaṇaṃ vacanavasena hoti vacanadvārena tadatthassa ādito gahetabbato, tasmā vacanatthatopi dhātūnaṃ manasikātabbatā vuttā. <span class="bld">Kalāpato</span>ti vacanatthavasena visesato, sāmaññato ca dhātuyo pariggahetvā ṭhitassa yasmā tā piṇḍaso pavattanti, na paccekaṃ, tasmā kalāpatopi manasikātabbatā vuttā. Te pana kalāpā paramāṇuparimāṇā hontīti tappariyāpannānaṃ pathavīdhātuādīnaṃ ekasmiṃ sarīre parimeyyaparicchedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">cuṇṇato</span> manasikātabbatā vuttā. So panāyaṃ tāsaṃ cuṇṇato manasikāro saṅghāṭavasena hotīti nibbaṭṭitasarūpameva pariggahetabbaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">lakkhaṇādito</span> manasikāro vutto. Lakkhaṇādito dhātuyo pariggaṇhantena salakkhaṇavibhattito kammaṭṭhānābhinivese yasmā dvācattālīsāya koṭṭhāsānaṃ vasena dhātūsu pariggayhamānāsu ‘‘ettakā utusamuṭṭhānā, ettakā cittādisamuṭṭhānā’’ti ayaṃ vibhāgo ñātabbo hoti, tasmā <span class="bld">samuṭṭhānato</span> manasikāro vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pariññātasamuṭṭhānānampi tāsaṃ saddānusārena vinā visesasāmaññapariggaho kātabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">nānattekattato</span> manasikāro vutto. Lakkhaṇavisesato vinibhuttarūpāpi etā aniddisitabbaṭṭhānatāya padesena avinibhuttāti ayaṃ viseso pariggahetabboti dassetuṃ <a name="M1.0444"></a> <span class="bld">vinibbhogāvinibbhogato</span> manasikāro vutto. Satipi avinibbhogavuttiyaṃ kācideva kāsañci sabhāgā, kāci visabhāgāti ayampi viseso pariggahetabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sabhāgavisabhāgato</span> manasikāro vutto. Sabhāgavisabhāgāpi dhātuyo ajjhattikā īdisakiccavisesayuttā, bāhirā tabbiparītāti <a name="V1.0416"></a> ayaṃ viseso pariggahetabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ajjhattikabāhiravisesato</span> manasikāro vutto. Sajātisaṅgahādiko dhātusaṅgahavisesopi pariggahitabboti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">saṅgahato</span> manasikāro vutto. Sandhāraṇādīhi yathāsakakiccehi aññamaññūpatthambhabhāvatopi dhātuyo pariggahetabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">paccayato</span> manasikāro vutto. Abyāpāranayato dhātuyo pariggahetabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">asamannāhārato</span> manasikāro vutto. Attano paccayadhammavisesato, paccayabhāvavisesato ca dhātuyo pariggahetabbāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">paccayavibhāgato</span> manasikāro vuttoti evametesaṃ terasannaṃ ākārānaṃ pariggahe kāraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ākārehī</span>ti pakārehi, kāraṇehi vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para347"></a><span class="paranum">347</span>. Tattha <span class="bld">patthaṭattā</span>ti puthuttā, tena puthubhāvato puthuvī, puthuvī eva pathavīti niruttinayena saddatthamāha. Patthanaṭṭhena vā pathavī, patiṭṭhābhāvena patthāyati upatiṭṭhatīti attho. <span class="bld">‘‘Appotī’’</span>ti padassa attho heṭṭhā vutto eva. <span class="bld">Āpīyatī</span>ti sosīyati, pivīyatīti keci. ‘‘Ayaṃ panattho sasambhārāpe yujjatī’’ti vadanti, lakkhaṇāpepi yujjateva. Sopi hi pharusapācanavisosanākārena sesabhūtattayena pīyamāno viya pavattatīti. <span class="bld">Appāyatī</span>ti brūheti. Paribrūhanarasā hi āpodhātu. <span class="bld">Tejatī</span>ti niseti, tikkhabhāvena sesabhūtattayaṃ usmāpayatīti attho. <span class="bld">Vāyatī</span>ti samīreti, desantaruppattihetubhāvena bhūtasaṅghātaṃ gametīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tāva visesato vacanatthaṃ vatvā idāni sāmaññato vattuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘avisesena panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Salakkhaṇadhāraṇato</span>ti yathā titthiyaparikappito ‘‘pakati attā’’ti evamādiko sabhāvato natthi, na evametā. Etā pana salakkhaṇaṃ sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti dhātuyo. <span class="bld">Dukkhādānato</span>ti <a name="M1.0445"></a> dukkhassa vidahanato. Etā hi dhātuyo kāraṇabhāvena vavatthitā hutvā ayalohādidhātuyo viya ayalohādiṃ anekappakāraṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ vidahanti. <span class="bld">Dukkhādhānato</span>ti anappakassa dukkhassa vidhānamattato avasavattanato, taṃ vā dukkhaṃ etāhi kāraṇabhūtāhi sattehi anuvidhīyati, tathāvihitañca taṃ etāsveva dhīyati ṭhapīyatīti evaṃ dukkhādhānato, dhātuyo. Apica ‘‘nijjīvaṭṭho dhātuṭṭho’’ti vuttovāyamattho. Tathā hi bhagavā ‘‘chadhāturoyaṃ bhikkhu puriso’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.343-345) jīvasaññāsamūhananatthaṃ dhātudesanaṃ akāsīti. Iti vacanatthamukhenapi asādhāraṇato, sādhāraṇato ca dhātūnaṃ sarasalakkhaṇameva vibhāvīyatīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘evaṃ visesasāmaññavasena vacanatthato manasi kātabbā’’</span>ti. Manasikāro pana vacanatthamukhena dhātuyo pariggahetvā ṭhitassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para348"></a><span class="paranum">348</span>. <span class="bld">Ākārehī</span>ti <a name="V1.0417"></a> pakārehi. Atha vā ākarīyanti dissanti ettha dhātuyoti ākārā, koṭṭhāsā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhadhammasamodhānā</span>ti yathāvuttānaṃ paccayavisesena visiṭṭharūpānaṃ vaṇṇādīnaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ dhammānaṃ samavadhānato sannivesavisesavasena sahāvaṭṭhānato taṃ upādāya. <span class="bld">Kesāti sammuti</span> samaññāmattaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tesaṃyeva vinibbhogā</span>ti tesaṃyeva vaṇṇādīnaṃ vinibbhujanato. Yathā hi vaṇṇādayo aṭṭha dhammā paññāya vinibbhujjamānā aññamaññabyatirekena paramatthato upalabbhanti, na evaṃ vaṇṇādibyatirekena paramatthato kesā upalabbhanti. Tasmā ye ca dhamme samudite upādāya ‘‘kesā’’ti sammuti, tesu visuṃ visuṃ katesu natthi ‘‘kesā’’ti sammuti, vohāramattanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Aṭṭhadhammakalāpamattamevā’’</span>ti idaṃ kesapaññattiyā upādāyabhūte vaṇṇādike ekattena gahetvā vuttaṃ, na tesaṃ aṭṭhadhammamattabhāvato. <span class="bld">Kammasamuṭṭhāno koṭṭhāso</span>ti kesesu tāva kesamūlaṃ, evaṃ lomādīsupi yathārahaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dasadhammakalāpopī</span>ti ettha asitādiparipācako tejokoṭṭhāso navadhammakalāpopīti vattabbo. Yadime kesādikoṭṭhāsā yathārahaṃ aṭṭhanavadasadhammasamūhabhūtā<a name="M1.0446"></a>, atha kasmā pathavīādidhātumattato manasi karīyantīti āha <span class="bld">‘‘ussadavasena panā’’</span>tiādi. Yasmā ayaṃ dhātumanasikāro yāvadeva sattasaññāsamugghāṭanattho, dhammavinibbhogo ca sātisayaṃ sattasaññāsamugghāṭāya saṃvattati, tasmā koṭṭhāsesu evaṃ dhammavibhāgo veditabbo. Ettha hi udariyaṃ karīsaṃ pubbo muttañca utusamuṭṭhānā, asitādiparipācakatejo kammasamuṭṭhāno, assāsapassāsavāto cittasamuṭṭhānoti cha ekasamuṭṭhānā, sedoassu kheḷo siṅghāṇikāti cattāro utucittavasena dvisamuṭṭhānā, sesā dvattiṃsa catusamuṭṭhānā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesu asitādiparipācake tejokoṭṭhāse eko kalāpo jīvitanavako, aññesu ekasamuṭṭhānesu utusamuṭṭhāno, cittasamuṭṭhāno vā ekeko aṭṭhako, dvisamuṭṭhānesu utucittavasena dve dve aṭṭhakā, catusamuṭṭhānesu utucittāhārasamuṭṭhānā tayo tayo aṭṭhakā, utucittasamuṭṭhānesu saddanavakā, aṭṭhasu tejovāyokoṭṭhāsesu aṭṭha jīvitanavakā, sesesu catuvīsatiyā koṭṭhāsesu kāyabhāvadasakadvayasahitā, cakkhādisaññitesu maṃsakoṭṭhāsesu cakkhusotaghānajivhāvatthudasakasahitā cāti paripuṇṇāyatanake rūpakāye bhedaṃ anāmasitvā ekattavasena gayhamānā sattacattālīsādhikasatarūpakalāpā rūpavibhāgato sādhikaṃ diyaḍḍharūpasahassaṃ hoti, koṭṭhāsānaṃ pana avayavavibhāgena tadavayavakalāpānaṃ bhede gayhamāne rūpadhammānaṃ asaṅkhyeyyabhedatā veditabbā<a name="V1.0418"></a>. Evaṃ dhammavibhāgato anekabhedabhinnāpi ime dvācattālīsa koṭṭhāsā ussadaggahaṇena catudhātuvaseneva vavatthapetabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘ussadavasena pana…pe… manasi kātabbā’’</span>ti. Tattha manasikāravidhi vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para349"></a><span class="paranum">349</span>. <span class="bld">Majjhimena pamāṇenā</span>ti ārohapariṇāhehi majjhimasarīre labbhamānena majjhimena parimāṇena. <span class="bld">Pariggayhamānā</span>ti paññāya paritakketvā gayhamānā. <span class="bld">Paramāṇubhedasañcuṇṇā</span>ti ettha yathā ‘‘aṅgulassa aṭṭhamo bhāgo yavo, yavassa aṭṭhamo bhāgo ūkā, ūkāya <a name="M1.0447"></a> aṭṭhamo bhāgo likkhā, likkhāya aṭṭhamo bhāgo rathareṇu, rathareṇussa aṭṭhamo bhāgo tajjārī, tajjāriyā aṭṭhamo bhāgo aṇu, evaṃ aṇuno aṭṭhamo bhāgo paramāṇu nāmā’’ti keci. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 515) pana ‘‘sattadhaññamāsappamāṇaṃ ekaṃ aṅgulaṃ, sattaūkāpamāṇo eko dhaññamāso, sattalikkhāpamāṇā ekā ūkā, chattiṃsarathareṇuppamāṇā ekā likkhā, chattiṃsatajjārippamāṇo eko rathareṇu, chattiṃsaaṇuppamāṇā ekā tajjārī, chattiṃsaparamāṇuppamāṇo eko aṇū’’ti vuttaṃ. Tasmā aṇuno chattiṃsatimabhāgamatto paramāṇu nāma ākāsakoṭṭhāsiko maṃsacakkhussa agocaro dibbacakkhusseva gocarabhūto. Taṃ sandhāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘paramāṇubhedasañcuṇṇā’’</span>ti, yathāvuttaparamāṇuppabhedena cuṇṇavicuṇṇabhūtā. <span class="bld">Sukhumarajabhūtā</span>ti tatoyeva ativiya sukhumarajabhāvaṃ gatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Doṇamattā siyā</span>ti soḷasa nāḷimattā. Idhāpi ‘‘majjhimena pamāṇenā’’ti ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. Tena ‘‘pakatiyā catumuṭṭhikaṃ kuḍuvaṃ, catukuḍuvaṃ nāḷi, tāya nāḷiyā soḷasa nāḷiyo doṇaṃ, taṃ pana magadhanāḷiyā dvādasa nāḷiyo hontī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Saṅgahitā</span>ti yathā na vippakirati, evaṃ ābandhanavasena sampiṇḍitvā gahitā. <span class="bld">Anupālitā</span>ti yathā paggharaṇasabhāvāya āpodhātuyā vasena kilinnabhāvaṃ, picchilabhāvaṃ vā nāpajjati, evaṃ anurakkhitā. <span class="bld">Vitthambhitā</span>ti saṅghātavāyunā ativiya vitthambhanaṃ pāpitā. <span class="bld">Na vikirati na viddhaṃsatī</span>ti sukhumarajabhūtāpi pathavīdhātu ābandhanaparipācanasamudīraṇakiccāhi āpotejovāyodhātūhi laddhapaccayā sinehena temitā tejasā paripakkā vāyunā vitthambhanaṃ pāpitā piṭṭhacuṇṇā viya na ito cito ca vikirati na viddhaṃsati, atha kho piṇḍitā ghanabhūtā hutvā nānappakārena gahetabbataṃ āpajjati. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘avikiriyamānā’’</span>tiādi. Tattha <span class="bld">vikappa</span>nti vibhāgaṃ. Yadipi tejovāyodhātuyopi saviggahā rūpadhammabhāvato, yādiso pana ghanabhāvo pathavīāpodhātūsu labbhati<a name="V1.0419"></a>, na tādiso tejovāyodhātūsu labbhatīti meyyabhāvābhāvato tattha cuṇṇabhedo na uddhaṭo. Tathā hi sasambhāratejovāyūsupi meyyabhāvo na labbhateva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yūsagatā</span>ti <a name="M1.0448"></a> yūsabhāvaṃ dravabhāvaṃ gatā. Tato eva <span class="bld">ābandhanākārabhūtā. Na paggharatī</span>ti na ogaḷati. <span class="bld">Na parissavatī</span>ti na vissandati. <span class="bld">Pīṇitapīṇitabhāvaṃ dassetī</span>ti āpodhātuyā brūhanarasatāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Usumākārabhūtā</span>ti etena kāye pākatikausmāpi gahaṇīsaṅkhātāya tassāyeva tejodhātuyā vasena hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Paripācetī</span>ti santejeti. Sā hi yathābhuttassa āhārassa sammā pariṇāmanena rasādisampattiyā hetubhāvaṃ gacchantī imaṃ kāyaṃ paripāceti santejetīti vuccati. Tenevāha <span class="bld">‘‘na pūtibhāvaṃ dassetī’’</span>ti. Kammūpanissayāya, cittappasādahetukāya ca sarīre vaṇṇasampadāya tejodhātu visesapaccayo, pageva utuāhārasamuṭṭhānāya rūpasampattiyā yathāvuttatejodhātūti āha <span class="bld">‘‘vaṇṇasampattiñcassa āvahatī’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samudīraṇavitthambhanalakkhaṇā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">samudīraṇaṃ</span> anupellanaṃ, visosananti keci. <span class="bld">Vitthambhanaṃ</span> sesabhūtattayassa thambhitattāpādanaṃ, uppīlananti eke. <span class="bld">Tāyā</span>ti vitthambhanalakkhaṇāya vāyodhātuyā. <span class="bld">Aparāyā</span>ti samudīraṇalakkhaṇāya. Sā hi pellanasabhāvā. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samabbhāhato’’</span>ti. Samabbhāhanañca rūpakalāpassa desantaruppattiyā hetubhāvo. <span class="bld">Avaghaṭṭanaṃ</span> āsannataruppattiyā. <span class="bld">Lāḷetī</span>ti parivatteti. Idāni yadatthaṃ cuṇṇato manasikāro āgato, taṃ nigamanavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘evameta’’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dhātuyanta</span>nti suttena viya yantarūpakaṃ asatipi kattubhūte attani cittavasena dhātumayaṃ yantaṃ pavattati, idhāpi manasikāravidhi vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para350"></a><span class="paranum">350</span>. Yadipi catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ lakkhaṇādayo heṭṭhā tattha tattha vuttā eva, tathāpi te anavasesato dassetvā visuṃ kammaṭṭhānapariggahavidhiṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘lakkhaṇādito’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha lakkhīyati etenāti lakkhaṇaṃ, kakkhaḷattaṃ lakkhaṇametissāti <span class="bld">kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇā</span>. Nanu ca kakkhaḷattameva pathavīdhātūti? Saccametaṃ, tathāpi viññātāviññātasaddatthatāvasena abhinnepi dhamme kappanāsiddhena bhedena evaṃ niddeso kato. Evaṃ hi atthavisesāvabodho hotīti. Atha vā <a name="V1.0420"></a> lakkhīyatīti <a name="M1.0449"></a> lakkhaṇaṃ, kakkhaḷattaṃ hutvā lakkhiyamānā dhātu kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Sesāsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Patiṭṭhānarasā</span>ti sahajātadhammānaṃ patiṭṭhābhāvakiccā. Tato eva nesaṃ sampaṭicchanākārena ñāṇassa paccupatiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">sampaṭicchanapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>. Padaṭṭhānaṃ panettha aññadhammatāya na uddhaṭaṃ, sādhāraṇabhāvasabbhāvato vā dūrakāraṇaṃ viya. Yathā vā dhammuddesavāravaṇṇanādīsu rasādinā aññesaṃ paccayabhāvaṃ dassetvā paccayavantatādassanatthaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ uddhaṭaṃ, na evamidha. Idha pana dhātūnaṃ anaññasādhāraṇavisesavibhāvanaparāya codanāya aññadhammabhūtaṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ na uddhaṭanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Brūhanarasā</span>ti sahajātadhammānaṃ vaḍḍhanakiccā. Tathā hi sā nesaṃ pīṇitabhāvaṃ dassetīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Saṅgahapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti bāhiraudakaṃ viya nhānīyacuṇṇassa sahajātadhammānaṃ saṅgahaṇapaccupaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Maddavānuppadānapaccupaṭṭhānā</span>ti bāhiraggi viya jatulohādīnaṃ sahajātadhammānaṃ mudubhāvānuppadānapaccupaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Abhinīhāro</span> bhūtasaṅghāṭassa desantaruppattihetubhāvo, nīharaṇaṃ vā bījato aṅkurassa viya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para351"></a><span class="paranum">351</span>. <span class="bld">Utusamuṭṭhānāva</span> kammādivasena anuppattito. <span class="bld">Utucittasamuṭṭhānā</span> kadāci ututo, kadāci cittato uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Avasesā</span>ti vuttāvasesā kesādayo catuvīsati, ādito tayo tejokoṭṭhāsā, pañca vāyokoṭṭhāsā cāti dvattiṃsa. <span class="bld">Sabbepī</span>ti te sabbepi kammādivasena uppajjanato <span class="bld">catusamuṭṭhānā</span>. Kesādīnampi hi maṃsato avimuttabhāgo kammāhāracittasamuṭṭhānova hotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para352"></a><span class="paranum">352</span>. <span class="bld">Nānattekattato</span>ti visesasāmaññato. Dhammānaṃ hi aññamaññaṃ visadisatā nānattaṃ, samānatā ekattaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbāsampī</span>ti catunnampi. <span class="bld">Salakkhaṇādito</span>ti sakaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ salakkhaṇaṃ, tato salakkhaṇādito. <span class="bld">Ādi</span>-saddena rasapaccupaṭṭhānānaṃ viya mudusaṇhapharusabhāvādīnampi saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Kammasamuṭṭhānādivasena nānattabhūtāna’’</span>nti kasmā vuttaṃ, nanu kammasamuṭṭhānādivasena catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ ekattaṃ hoti sādhāraṇattāti? Na, ‘‘aññā eva dhātuyo kammasamuṭṭhānā, aññā utuādisamuṭṭhānā’’tiādikaṃ bhedaṃ sandhāya tathā vacanato. <span class="bld">Etāsaṃ</span> dhātūnaṃ. <span class="bld">Ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ</span> ruppanasabhāvaṃ. Kimpanetaṃ ruppanaṃ nāma? Yā sītādivirodhipaccayasannipāte visadisuppatti, tasmiṃ vā sati yo vijjamānasseva visadisuppattiyā <a name="M1.0450"></a> hetubhāvo, taṃ ruppanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anatītattā</span>ti apariccajanato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahantapātubhāvo</span> <a name="V1.0421"></a> cettha sasambhāradhātuvasena veditabbo, tathā <span class="bld">mahāvikāratā</span> mahābhūtasāmaññalakkhaṇadhātuvasena, <span class="bld">mahāparihāratā, mahattavijjamānatā</span> ca ubhayavasenāti. Bhūtasaddāpekkhāya <span class="bld">‘‘etānī’’</span>ti napuṃsakaniddeso. <span class="bld">Mahantāni pātubhūtāni</span> anekasatasahassa rūpakalāpasaṅghāṭatāya samūhavasena, santativasena ca aparimitaparimāṇānaṃ, anekayojanāyāmavitthārānañca uppajjanato. <span class="bld">Cattāri nahutānī</span>ti cattāri dasasahassāni. <span class="bld">Devadānavādīnaṃ</span> tigāvutādisarīravasena mahantāni pātubhūtāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthāyaṃ vacanattho – mahantāni bhūtāni jātāni nibbattānīti <span class="bld">mahābhūtānī</span>ti. Anekābhūtavisesadassanena, anekabbhutadassanena ca anekacchariyadassanavasena mahanto abbhuto, mahantāni vā abhūtāni etthāti <span class="bld">mahābhūto,</span> māyākāro. Yakkhādayo jātivaseneva mahantā bhūtāti <span class="bld">mahābhūtā,</span> niruḷho vā ayaṃ tesu mahābhūtasaddo daṭṭhabbo. Pathavīādayo pana vañcakatāya, aniddisitabbaṭṭhānatāya ca mahābhūtā viya <span class="bld">mahābhūtā</span>. Bhūtasaddassa ubhayaliṅgatāya napuṃsakatā katā. Tattha <span class="bld">vañcakatā</span> sayaṃ anīlādisabhāvāni hutvā nīlādisabhāvassa upaṭṭhāpanaṃ, anitthipurisādisabhāvāneva ca hutvā itthipurisādiākārassa upaṭṭhāpanaṃ. Tathā aññamaññassa anto, bahi ca aṭṭhitānaṃyeva aññamaññaṃ nissāya avaṭṭhānato <span class="bld">aniddisitabbaṭṭhānatā</span>. Yadi hi imā dhātuyo aññamaññassa anto ṭhitā, na sakiccakarā siyuṃ aññamaññānuppavesanato, atha bahi ṭhitā vinibbhuttā siyuṃ. Tathā sati avinibbhuttavādo hāyeyya, tasmā na niddisitabbaṭṭhānā. Evaṃ santepi patiṭṭhānādinā yathāsakaṃ kiccavisesena sesānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ upakārikā honti, yena sahajātādinā paccayena paccayā honti. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na ca aññamaññaṃ nissāya na tiṭṭhantī’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Manāpehī</span>ti manoharehi cāturiyavantehi. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇasaṇṭhānavikkhepehī</span>ti kāḷasāmatādivaṇṇehi, puthulavivarakisatādisaṇṭhānehi, hatthabhamukādivikkhepehi ca. <span class="bld">Sarasalakkhaṇa</span>nti sabhāvabhūtaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ, sakiccakaṃ vā sabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāparihārato</span>ti <a name="M1.0451"></a> ettha vacanatthaṃ vadanto āha <span class="bld">‘‘mahantehi…pe… bhūtāni, mahāparihārāni vā bhūtānī’’</span>ti. Tattha pacchimatthe purimapade uttarapadassa parihāra-saddassa lopaṃ katvā <span class="bld">‘‘mahābhūtānī’’</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tathā hī</span>ti tato eva vikārassa mahantattā evāti taṃ vikāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘bhūmito’’</span>tiādi <a name="V1.0422"></a> vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">accimato</span>ti aggissa. Koṭisatasahassaṃ ekaṃ <span class="bld">koṭisatasahassekaṃ cakkavāḷa</span>nti taṃ sabbaṃ āṇākhettabhāvena ekaṃ katvā vadati. <span class="bld">Vilīyatī</span>ti vipattikarameghābhivuṭṭhena khārudakena lavaṇaṃ viya vilayaṃ gacchati viddhaṃsati. <span class="bld">Kupitenā</span>ti khubhitena. <span class="bld">Vikīratī</span>ti vidhamati viddhaṃsati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anupādinnesu vikāramahattaṃ dassetvā upādinnesu dassento <span class="bld">‘‘patthaddho’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kaṭṭhamukhena vā</span>ti <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo upamattho. Yathā kaṭṭhamukhena sappena ḍaṭṭho patthaddho hoti, evaṃ pathavīdhātuppakopena so kāyo kaṭṭhamukheva hoti, kaṭṭhamukhamukhagato viya patthaddho hotīti attho. Atha vā <span class="bld">vā</span>-saddo avadhāraṇattho. So ‘‘pathavīdhātuppakopena vā’’ti evaṃ ānetvā sambandhitabbo. Ayañhettha attho – kaṭṭhamukhena ḍaṭṭhopi kāyo pathavīdhātuppakopeneva patthaddho hoti, tasmā pathavīdhātuyā aviyutto so kāyo sabbadā kaṭṭhamukhamukhagato viya hotīti. <span class="bld">Vā</span>-saddo vā aniyamattho, tatrāyamattho – kaṭṭhamukhena ḍaṭṭho kāyo patthaddho hoti vā, na vā hoti mantāgadavasena, pathavīdhātuppakopena pana mantāgadarahito so kāyo kaṭṭhamukhamukhagato viya hoti ekantapatthaddhoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pūtiyo</span>ti kuthito. <span class="bld">Santatto</span>ti sabbaso tatto samuppannadāho. <span class="bld">Sañchinno</span>ti samantato chinno paramāṇubhedasañcuṇṇo āyasmato upasenattherassa sarīraṃ viya. <span class="bld">Mahāvikārāni bhūtānī</span>ti mahāvikāravantāni bhūtāni mahābhūtānīti purimapade uttarapadalopena niddeso daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘‘Pathavī’’</span>tiādinā sabbalokassa pākaṭānipi vipallāsaṃ muñcitvā yathāsabhāvato pariggaṇhane mahantena vāyāmena vinā na pariggaṇhantīti duviññeyyasabhāvattā ‘‘mahantānī’’ti vuccanti. Tāni hi suviññeyyāni. ‘‘Amahantānī’’ti mantvā ṭhitā tesaṃ duppariggahataṃ disvā <a name="M1.0452"></a> ‘‘aho mahantāni etānī’’ti jānātīti mahābhūtekadesatādīhi vā kāraṇehi <span class="bld">mahābhūtāni</span>. Etā hi dhātuyo mahābhūtekadesato, mahābhūtasāmaññato, mahābhūtasannissayato, mahābhūtabhāvato, mahābhūtapariyosānato cāti imehipi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">‘‘mahābhūtānī’’</span>ti vuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mahābhūtekadesato</span>ti ‘‘bhūtamidanti, bhikkhave, samanupassathā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.401) hi avisesena khandhapañcakaṃ ‘‘bhūta’’nti vuccati. Tattha yadidaṃ kāmabhave, rūpabhave, pañcavokārabhave, ekacce ca saññībhave pavattaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ, taṃ mahāvisayatāya ‘‘mahābhūta’’nti <a name="V1.0423"></a> vattabbataṃ arahati. Pathavīādayo pana catasso dhātuyo tassa mahābhūtassa ekadesabhūtā ‘‘mahābhūtā’’ti vuccanti. Samudāyesu hi pavattavohārā avayavesupi dissanti yathā ‘‘samuddo diṭṭho, paṭo daḍḍho’’ti ca. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtasamaññato</span>ti tadadhīnavuttitāya bhavanti ettha upādārūpānīti bhūtāni, pathavīādayo catasso dhātuyo. Sā panāyametāsu bhūtasamaññā anaññatthavuttitāya upādārūpānaṃ aviparītaṭṭhā, lokassa cetā bahūpakārā, cakkhusamuddādīnaṃ nissayabhūtā cāti mahantāni bhūtānīti samaññāyiṃsu. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtasannissayato</span>ti mahantānaṃ mahānubhāvānaṃ mahāsammatamandhātuppabhutīnaṃ raññaṃ, sakkādīnaṃ devānaṃ, vepacittiādīnaṃ asurānaṃ, mahābrahmādīnaṃ brahmānaṃ, guṇato vā mahantānaṃ buddhānaṃ, paccekabuddhānaṃ, sāvakānaṃ upādāyupādāya vā sabbesampi bhūtānaṃ sattānaṃ nissayabhūtatāya mahantā bhūtā etesūti mahābhūtā. Cātumahābhūtiko hi nesaṃ kāyoti. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtabhāvato</span>ti bahubhūtabhāvato. Ayaṃ hi <span class="bld">mahā</span>-saddo ‘‘mahājano sannipatito’’tiādīsu bahubhāve dissati. Pathavīādayo ca dhātuyo ekasmimpi attabhāve aparimeyyappabhedā pavattanti. Tasmā mahantā bahū anekasatasahassappabhedā bhūtāti mahābhūtā. <span class="bld">Mahābhūtapariyosānato</span>ti mahābhūtassa vasena pariyosānappattito.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kālo ghasati bhūtāni, sabbāneva sahattanā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yo ca kālaghaso bhūto, sa bhūtapacaniṃ pacī’’ti. (jā. 1.2.190) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Hi <a name="M1.0453"></a> evamādīsu khīṇāsavo ‘‘bhūto’’ti vutto. So hi ucchinnabhavanettikatāya āyatiṃ appaṭisandhikattā ekantato ‘‘bhūto’’ti vuccati, na itare, bhavissantīti vohāraṃ anatītattā. Bhūto eva idha pūjāvasena ‘‘mahābhūto’’ti vutto yathā ‘‘mahākhīṇāsavo, mahāmoggallāno’’ti ca. Imāsañca dhātūnaṃ anādimati saṃsāre pabandhavasena pavattamānānaṃ yathāvuttassa mahābhūtasseva santāne pariyosānappatti, nāññatra. Tasmā mahābhūte bhūtā pariyosānaṃ pattāti mahābhūtā purimapade bhūta-saddassa lopaṃ katvā. Evametā dhātuyo mahābhūtekadesatādīhi mahābhūtāti veditabbā. Pathavīādīnaṃ kakkhaḷapaggharaṇādivisesalakkhaṇasamaṅgitā apariccattadhātulakkhaṇānaṃyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘dhātulakkhaṇaṃ anatītattā’’</span>ti. Na hi sāmaññapariccāgena viseso, visesanirapekkhaṃ vā sāmaññaṃ pavattati. Tathā hi vadanti –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Tamatthāpekkhato <a name="V1.0424"></a> bhedaṃ, sasāmaññaṃ jahāti no;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Gaṇhāti saṃsayuppādā, samevekatthakaṃ dvaya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Salakkhaṇadhāraṇena cā</span>ti yena salakkhaṇadhāraṇena ‘‘dhātuyo’’ti vuccanti, teneva <span class="bld">‘‘dhammā’’</span>tipi vuccanti ubhayathāpi nissattanijjīvatāya eva vibhāvanato. Tenevāha – ‘‘chadhāturoyaṃ bhikkhu puriso, dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī’’ti ca. Arūpānaṃ khaṇato rūpānaṃ khaṇassa nātiittaratāyāha <span class="bld">‘‘attano khaṇānurūpa’’</span>nti. <span class="bld">Dharaṇenā</span>ti ṭhānena, pavattanenāti attho. <span class="bld">Khayaṭṭhenā</span>ti khaṇabhaṅgutāya. <span class="bld">Bhayaṭṭhenā</span>ti udayavayapaṭipīḷanādinā sappaṭibhayatāya. <span class="bld">Asārakaṭṭhenā</span>ti attasāravirahena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para353"></a><span class="paranum">353</span>. <span class="bld">Sahuppannāva etā</span>ti etā catasso dhātuyo saha uppannāva saha pavattamānāva samānakāle labbhamānāpi avakaṃsato <span class="bld">sabbapariyantime</span> utucittāhārasamuṭṭhānesu suddhaṭṭhake, kammajesu jīvitanavaketi ekekasmiṃ <span class="bld">suddhaṭṭhakādikalāpepi padesena avinibbhuttā</span> visuṃ visuṃ aniddisitabbaṭṭhānatāya. Yattha hi tissannaṃ dhātūnaṃ patiṭṭhāvasena <a name="M1.0454"></a> pathavī, tattheva tassā ābandhanaparipācanasamudīraṇavasena itarā. Esa nayo sesāsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354"></a><span class="paranum">354</span>. <span class="bld">Purimā dve garukattā sabhāgā</span> aññamaññanti adhippāyo. Ettha ca nanu pathaviyāpi lahubhāvo atthi. Tathā hi sā ‘‘kakkhaḷaṃ mudukaṃ saṇhaṃ pharusaṃ garukaṃ lahuka’’nti niddiṭṭhā, āpepi lahubhāvo labbhatevāti? Na, nippariyāyagarubhāvassa adhippetattā. Garubhāvo eva hi pathavīdhātuyā garutaraṃ upādāya lahubhāvoti pariyāyena vutto sītabhāvo viya tejodhātuyā. Yadi evaṃ rūpassa lahutāti kathaṃ? Ayampi vuttanayā eva lahutākāraṃ upādāya labbhanato. Na hi paricchedavikāralakkhaṇāni paramatthato labbhanti nipphannarūpānaṃ avatthāvisesasabhāvato. Tasmā paramatthasiddhaṃ garubhāvaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘purimā dve garukattā sabhāgā’’ti. <span class="bld">‘‘Tathā’’</span>ti padena ‘‘sabhāgā’’ti imamatthaṃ upasaṃharati. <span class="bld">‘‘Dve’’</span>ti pana idaṃ yathā ‘‘purimā’’ti ettha, evaṃ ‘‘pacchimā’’ti etthāpi ānetvā sambandhitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Visabhāgā</span> garukalahukabhāvatoti adhippāyo. Yathā ca garukalahukabhāvehi, evaṃ peyyabhāvāpeyyabhāvehi ca sabhāgavisabhāgatā yojetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para355"></a><span class="paranum">355</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikā</span> <a name="V1.0425"></a> heṭṭhā vuttaajjhattikā, sattasantānapariyāpannāti attho. <span class="bld">Viññāṇavatthu viññattiindriyāna</span>nti cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ viññāṇavatthūnaṃ, dvinnaṃ viññattīnaṃ, itthipurisindriyajīvitindriyānañca. Ye pana ‘‘viññāṇavatthūti hadayavatthu gahita’’nti vadanti, tesaṃ indriya-ggahaṇena aṭṭhannampi rūpindriyānaṃ gahaṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘‘Vuttaviparītappakārā’’</span>ti idaṃ bāhirānaṃ dhātūnaṃ yathā sabbaso viññāṇavatthuviññattiindriyānaṃ anissayatā ca iriyāpathaviraho ca vuttavipariyāyo, evaṃ catusamuṭṭhānatāpīti katvā vuttaṃ, na lakkhaṇarūpassa viya kutocipi samuṭṭhānassa abhāvato utusamuṭṭhānatāya tāsaṃ. Lahutādinissayatāpi ajjhattikānaṃ dhātūnaṃ vattabbā, na vā vattabbā. Viññatti-ggahaṇaṃ hi lakkhaṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para356"></a><span class="paranum">356</span>. <span class="bld">Itarāhī</span>ti āpotejovāyudhātūhi. <span class="bld">Ekasaṅgahā</span>ti sajātisaṅgahena ekasaṅgahā. Samānajātiyānaṃ hi saṅgaho sahajātisaṅgaho. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘samuṭṭhānanānattābhāvato’’</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para357"></a><span class="paranum">357</span>. <span class="bld">Tiṇṇaṃ</span> <a name="M1.0455"></a> <span class="bld">mahābhūtānaṃ patiṭṭhā hutvā paccayo hotī</span>ti yehi mahābhūtehi sampiṇḍanavasena saṅgahitā, paripācanavasena anupālitā, samudīraṇavasena vitthambhitā ca, tesaṃ attanā sahajātānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ patiṭṭhā hutvā tato eva sandhāraṇavasena avassayo hoti, vuttanayena vā patiṭṭhā hutvā sahajātādivasena paccayo hotīti. Esa nayo sesāsupi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para358"></a><span class="paranum">358</span>. Yadipi aññamaññaābhogapaccavekkhaṇarahitā ete dhammāti heṭṭhā dhātūnaṃ asamannāhāratā dassitā eva, athāpi imināva nayena visuṃ kammaṭṭhānapariggaho kātabboti dassento <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīdhātu cetthā’’</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pathavīdhātu cetthā</span>ti <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo sampiṇḍanattho, tena ayampi eko manasikārappakāroti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etāsu dhātūsu. Ahaṃ ‘‘pathavīdhātū’’ti vā ‘‘paccayo homī’’ti vā na jānātīti attani viya attano kicce ca ābhogābhāvaṃ dassetvā upakārakassa viya upakattabbānampi ābhogābhāvaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘itarānipī’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbatthā</span>ti sabbāsu dhātūsu, tatthāpi attakiccupakattabbabhedesu sabbesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para359"></a><span class="paranum">359</span>. <span class="bld">Paccayavibhāgato</span>ti paccayadhammavibhāgato ceva paccayabhāvavibhāgato ca. ‘‘Paccayato’’ti hi iminā pathavīādīnaṃ aññāsādhāraṇo patiṭṭhābhāvādinā sesabhūtattayassa paccayabhāvo vutto. Idha pana yehi dhammehi pathavīādīnaṃ uppatti, tesaṃ pathavīādīnañca anavasesato <a name="V1.0426"></a> paccayabhāvavibhāgo vuccatīti ayaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ ākārānaṃ viseso. <span class="bld">Kamma</span>nti kusalākusalaṃ rūpuppādakaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Citta</span>nti yaṃ kiñci rūpuppādakaṃ cittaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhāro</span>ti ajjhattiko rūpuppādako āhāro. <span class="bld">Utū</span>ti yo koci utu, atthato tejodhātu. <span class="bld">Kammamevā</span>ti avadhāraṇaṃ samuṭṭhānasaṅkarābhāvadassanatthaṃ, tena akammajānampi kesañci kammassa pariyāyapaccayabhāvo dīpito hoti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘kammapaccayacittasamuṭṭhāna’’ntiādi. Nanu ca kammasamuṭṭhānānaṃ kammato aññenapi paccayena bhavitabbanti? Bhavitabbaṃ, so pana kammagatikovāti paṭiyogīnivattanatthaṃ avadhāraṇaṃ kataṃ, tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘na cittādayo’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Cittādisamuṭṭhānāna</span>nti etthāpi ayamattho yathārahaṃ vattabbo. <span class="bld">Itare</span>ti cittādito <a name="M1.0456"></a> aññe. <span class="bld">Janakapaccayo</span>ti samuṭṭhāpakataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ, paccayo pana kammapaccayova. Vuttaṃ hi ‘‘kusalākusalā cetanā vipākānaṃ khandhānaṃ kaṭattā ca rūpānaṃ kammapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.427).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sesāna</span>nti cittādisamuṭṭhānānaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyāyato upanissayapaccayo hotī</span>ti <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> (paṭṭhā. 1.1.9) arūpānaṃyeva upanissayapaccayassa āgatattā nippariyāyena rūpadhammānaṃ upanissayapaccayo natthi. Sutte pana ‘‘puggalaṃ upanissāya vanasaṇḍaṃ upanissāyā’’ti vacanato suttantikapariyāyena vinā abhāvo upanissayapaccayoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ janakapaccayo hotī</span>ti sahajātanissayāhārādivasena paccayo hontaṃ cittaṃ samuṭṭhāpakataṃ upādāya ‘‘janakapaccayo hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. Āhārautūsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kammādīnaṃ paccayadhammānaṃ vasena dhātūsu paccayavibhāgaṃ dassetvā idāni taṃsamuṭṭhānānaṃ dhātūnampi vasena paccayavibhāgaṃ dassento paṭhamaṃ tāva <span class="bld">‘‘kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ mahābhūta’’</span>ntiādinā uddisitvā puna <span class="bld">‘‘tattha kammasamuṭṭhānā pathavīdhātū’’</span>tiādinā niddisati. <span class="bld">Tattha kammasamuṭṭhānā pathavīdhātū</span>ti ‘‘kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ mahābhūta’’nti ettha sāmaññato vuttā kammajapathavīdhātu. <span class="bld">Kammasamuṭṭhānānaṃ itarāsa</span>nti kammajānaṃ āpodhātuādīnaṃ tissannaṃ dhātūnaṃ sahuppattiyā attano upakārakānaṃ tāsaṃ upakārakato, ādhārabhāvato, uppādato yāva bhaṅgādharaṇato, vigamābhāvato ca sahajātaaññamaññanissayaatthiavigatavasena ceva patiṭṭhāvasena ca paccayo hoti, hontī ca kammaṃ viya attano, tāsañca na janakavasena paccayo hoti asamuṭṭhāpakattā tāsaṃ. Kāmañcettha nissayapaccaya-ggahaṇeneva patiṭṭhābhāvo saṅgahito, pathavīdhātuyā pana anaññasādhāraṇakiccaṃ sahajātānaṃ patiṭṭhābhāvoti imaṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ <a name="V1.0427"></a> <span class="bld">‘‘patiṭṭhāvasena cā’’</span>ti visuṃ katvā vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ābandhanavasena cā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tisantatimahābhūtāna</span>nti utucittāhārasamuṭṭhānānaṃ catumahābhūtānaṃ aññamaññaṃ avokiṇṇānaṃ, avicchedena pavattiṃ upādāya santatīti santatiggahaṇaṃ. Pathavīdhātuyā patiṭṭhābhāvo nāma sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃyevāti āha <span class="bld">‘‘na patiṭṭhāvasenā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Na ābandhanavasenā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti <a name="M1.0457"></a> etesu kammasamuṭṭhānamahābhūtesu. ‘‘Cittasamuṭṭhānā pathavīdhātu cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ itarāsa’’ntiādīsu sukaro tantinayo netunti <span class="bld">‘‘cittaāhāra…pe… eseva nayo’’</span>ti atidisati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sahajātādipaccayavasappavattāsu ca panā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">ca</span>-saddo samuccayattho, <span class="bld">pana</span>-saddo visesattho, tadubhayena ca yathāvuttasahajātādipaccayehi pavattamānā dhātuyo iminā visesena pavattantīti imamatthaṃ dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni taṃ visesaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘ekaṃ paṭiccā’’</span>tigāthamāha. Tattha ekaṃ dhātuṃ paṭicca tisso dhātuyo catudhā sampavattanti, tisso dhātuyo paṭicca ekāva dhātu catudhā sampavattati, dve dhātuyo paṭicca dve dhātuyo chadhā sampavattantīti yojanā. Attho pana pathavīādīsu ekekissā paccayabhāve itarāsaṃ tissannaṃ tissannaṃ paccayuppannatāti ayameko catukko, tissannaṃ tissannaṃ paccayabhāve itarāya ekekissā paccayuppannatāti ayamaparo catukko, paṭhamadutiyā, tatiyacatutthā, paṭhamatatiyā, dutiyacatutthā, paṭhamacatutthā, dutiyatatiyāti imāsaṃ dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ paccayabhāve tattha tattha itarāsaṃ dvinnaṃ dvinnaṃ paccayuppannatāti ayameko chakko. Evaṃ paccayabhāvena catudhā, chadhā ca pavattamānānaṃ ekakadvikatikavasena tikadukaekakavasena ca yathākkamaṃ paccayapaccayuppannatāvibhāgo veditabbo. Ayañca paccayabhāvo sahajātaaññamaññanissayaatthiavigatapaccayavasena, tatthāpi ca aññamaññamukheneva veditabbo. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ <span class="bld">paṭiccavāre</span> ‘‘ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ paṭicca tayo mahābhūtā, tayo mahābhūte paṭicca ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ, dve mahābhūte paṭicca dve mahābhūtā uppajjantī’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.53).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkamapaṭikkamādī</span>ti <span class="bld">ādi</span>-saddena ādānavissajjanādikāyikakiriyākaraṇassa saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Uppīḷanassa paccayo hoti</span> ghaṭṭanakiriyāya pathavīdhātuvasena sijjhanato. <span class="bld">Sāvā</span>ti pathavīdhātuyeva. <span class="bld">Āpodhātuyā anugatā</span> āpodhātuyā tattha appadhānabhāvaṃ, pathavīdhātuyā ca <a name="V1.0428"></a> padhānabhāvanti patiṭṭhābhāve viya patiṭṭhāpanepi sātisayakiccattā tassā patiṭṭhāpanassa pādaṭṭhapanassa paccayo hotīti <a name="M1.0458"></a> sambandho. <span class="bld">Avakkhepanassā</span>ti adhonikkhipanassa. Tattha ca garutarasabhāvāya āpodhātuyā sātisayo byāpāroti āha <span class="bld">‘‘pathavīdhātuyā anugatā āpodhātū’’</span>ti. Tathā uddhaṅgatikā tejodhātūti uddharaṇe vāyodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo vutto. Tiriyaṃ gatikāya vāyodhātuyā atiharaṇavītiharaṇesu sātisayo byāpāroti tejodhātuyā tassā anugatabhāvo gahito. Tattha ṭhitaṭṭhānato abhimukhaṃ pādassa haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">atiharaṇaṃ,</span> purato haraṇaṃ. Tato thokaṃ vītikkamma haraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vītiharaṇaṃ,</span> passato haraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekekena mukhenā</span>ti ‘‘patthaṭattā pathavī’’tiādinā (visuddhi. 1.347) vibhattesu terasasu ākāresu ekekena dhātūnaṃ pariggaṇhanamukhena. <span class="bld">Svāya</span>nti so ayaṃ upacārasamādhi. Kathaṃ panassa vavatthānapariyāyoti āha <span class="bld">‘‘catunnaṃ dhātūna’’</span>ntiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. Idāni imissā bhāvanāya ānisaṃse dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘idañca panā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññataṃ avagāhatī</span>ti dhātumattatādassanena rūpakāyassa anattakataṃ vavatthāpayato tadanusārena nāmakāyassāpi anattakatā supākaṭā hotīti sabbaso attasuññataṃ pariyogāhati tattha patiṭṭhahati. <span class="bld">Sattasaññaṃ samugghātetī</span>ti tato eva ‘‘satto poso itthī puriso’’ti evaṃ pavattaṃ ayāthāvasaññaṃ ugghāteti samūhanati. <span class="bld">Vāḷamigayakkharakkhasādivikappaṃ anāvajjamāno</span>ti sasantāne viya parasantānepi dhātumattatāya sudiṭṭhattā khīṇāsavo viya ‘‘ime sīhabyagghādayo vāḷamigā, ime yakkharakkhasā’’ti evamādivikappaṃ akaronto bhayabheravaṃ sahati abhibhavati. Yathāvuttavikappanāpajjanaṃ hi bhayabheravasahanassa kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Ugghāto</span> uppilāvitattaṃ. <span class="bld">Nigghāto</span> dīnabhāvappatti. <span class="bld">Mahāpañño</span> ca pana hoti dhātuvasena kāye sammadeva ghanavinibbhogassa karaṇato. Tathā hidaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ buddhicaritassa anukūlanti vuttaṃ, <span class="bld">sugatiparāyaṇo vā</span> indriyānaṃ aparipakkatāyanti adhippāyo.</p>
<p class="centered">Ekūnavīsatibhāvanānayapaṭimaṇḍitassa</p>
<p class="centered">Catudhātuvavatthānaniddesassa līnatthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. ‘‘Ko <a name="M1.0459"></a><a name="V1.0429"></a> samādhī’’tiādinā sarūpādipucchā yāvadeva vibhāgāvabodhanatthā. Sarūpādito hi ñātassa pabhedo vuccamāno suviññeyyo hoti saṅkhepapubbakattā vitthārassa, vitthāravidhinā ca saṅkhepavidhi saṅgayhatīti <span class="bld">‘‘samādhissa vitthāraṃ bhāvanānayañca dassetu’’</span>nti vuttaṃ. Atha vā <span class="bld">‘‘ko samādhī’’</span>tiādināpi samādhisseva pakārabhedo dassīyati, bhāvanānisaṃsopi bhāvanānayanissito evāti adhippāyena ‘‘vitthāraṃ bhāvanānayañca dassetu’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbappakārato</span>ti palibodhupacchedādikassa sabbassa bhāvanāya pubbakiccassa karaṇappakārato ceva sabbakammaṭṭhānabhāvanāvibhāvanato ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘‘Samattā hotī’’</span>ti vatvā tameva samattabhāvaṃ vibhāvetuṃ <span class="bld">‘‘duvidhoyevā’’</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Idha adhippeto samādhī</span>ti lokiyasamādhiṃ āha. <span class="bld">Dasasu kammaṭṭhānesū</span>ti yāni heṭṭhā ‘‘upacārāvahānī’’ti vuttāni dasa kammaṭṭhānāni, tesu. <span class="bld">Appanāpubbabhāgacittesū</span>ti appanāya pubbabhāgacittesu aṭṭhannaṃ jhānānaṃ pubbabhāgacittuppādesu. <span class="bld">Ekaggatā</span>ti ekāvajjanavīthiyaṃ, nānāvajjanavīthiyañca ekaggatā. <span class="bld">Avasesakammaṭṭhānesū</span>ti ‘‘appanāvahānī’’ti vuttesu tiṃsakammaṭṭhānesu.</p>
<p class="subhead">Samādhiānisaṃsakathāvaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. Diṭṭhadhammo vuccati paccakkhabhūto attabhāvo, tattha sukhavihāro <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro</span>. Kāmaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘samāpajjitvā’’</span>ti etena appanāsamādhiyeva vibhāvito, <span class="bld">‘‘ekaggacittā’’</span>ti pana padena upacārasamādhinopi gahaṇaṃ hotīti tato nivattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘‘appanāsamādhibhāvanā’’</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kho panete</span>ti ete bāhirakabhāvitā jhānadhammā cittekaggatāmattakarā. <span class="bld">Ariyassa vinaye</span> buddhassa bhagavato sāsane <span class="bld">‘‘sallekhā’’ti na vuccanti</span> kilesānaṃ sallekhanapaṭipadā na hotīti katvā, sāsane pana avihiṃsādayopi sallekhāva lokuttarapādakattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambādhe</span>ti taṇhāsaṃkilesādinā saṃkiliṭṭhatāya paramasambādhe ativiya saṅkaṭaṭṭhānabhūte saṃsārappavatte. <span class="bld">Okāsādhigamanayenā</span>ti atthapaṭilābhayoggassa navamakhaṇasaṅkhātassa okāsassa adhigamanayena. Tassa <a name="M1.0460"></a> hi dullabhatāya appanādhigamampi anadhigamayamāno saṃvegabahulo puggalo upacārasamādhimhiyeva <a name="V1.0430"></a> ṭhatvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karoti ‘‘sīghaṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ samatikkamissāmī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññāpādaka</span>nti iddhividhādiabhiññāñāṇapādakabhūtaṃ adhiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Hotīti vuttanayā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">iti</span>-saddo pakārattho, tena ‘‘iminā pakārena vuttanayā’’ti sesābhiññānampi vuttappakāraṃ saṅgaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sati sati āyatane</span>ti purimabhavasiddhe abhiññādhigamassa kāraṇe vijjamāne. Abhiññādhigamassa hi adhikāro icchitabbo, yo ‘‘pubbahetū’’ti vuccati. Na samāpattīsu vasībhāvo. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘sati sati āyatane’’ti (ma. ni. 3.158; a. ni. 3.102). <span class="bld">Abhiññāsacchikaraṇīyassā</span>ti vakkhamānavibhāgāya abhivisiṭṭhāya paññāya sacchikātabbassa. <span class="bld">Dhammassā</span>ti bhāvetabbassa ceva vibhāvetabbassa ca dhammassa. Abhiññāsacchikiriyāya cittaṃ abhininnāmetīti yojanā. <span class="bld">Tatra tatrevā</span>ti tasmiṃ tasmiṃyeva sacchikātabbadhamme. Sakkhibhāvāya paccakkhakāritāya bhabbo sakkhibhabbo, tassa bhāvo sakkhibhabbatā, taṃ <span class="bld">sakkhibhabbataṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ taṃ bhavagamikammaṃ ārabbha bhavapatthanāya anuppannāyapi kammassa katūpacitabhāveneva bhavapatthanākiccaṃ sijjhatīti dassento āha <span class="bld">‘‘apatthayamānā vā’’</span>ti. Saha byeti pavattatīti sahabyo, sahāyo, idha pana ekabhavūpago adhippeto, tassa bhāvo sahabyatā, taṃ <span class="bld">sahabyataṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana appanāsamādhibhāvanāyeva bhavavisesānisaṃsā, udāhu itarāpīti codanaṃ manasi katvā āha <span class="bld">‘‘upacārasamādhibhāvanāpī’’</span>tiādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nibbāna</span>nti tissannaṃ dukkhatānaṃ nibbutiṃ. Rūpadhamme pariyāpannā vijjamānāpi saṅkhāradukkhatā cittassa abhāvena asantasamāva. Tenāha <span class="bld">‘‘sukhaṃ viharissāmā’’</span>ti. <span class="bld">Soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhī</span>ti aniccānupassanādukkhaanattanibbidāvirāganirodhapaṭinissaggavivaṭṭānupassanāti imāhi aṭṭhahi, aṭṭhahi ca ariyamaggaphalañāṇehīti evaṃ soḷasahi. <span class="bld">Navahi samādhicariyāhī</span>ti <a name="M1.0461"></a> pañcannaṃ rūpajjhānānaṃ, catunnaṃ arūpajjhānānañca vasena evaṃ navahi. Keci pana ‘‘cattāro rūpajjhānasamādhī, cattāro arūpajjhānasamādhī, ubhayesaṃ upacārasamādhiṃ ekaṃ katvā evaṃ navā’’ti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhibhāvanāyoge</span>ti <a name="V1.0431"></a> samādhibhāvanāya anuyoge anuyuñjane, samādhibhāvanāsaṅkhāte vā yoge. <span class="bld">Yogo</span>ti bhāvanā vuccati. Yathāha ‘‘yogā ve jāyatī bhūrī’’ti (dha. pa. 282).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. <span class="bld">Samādhipī</span>ti <span class="bld">pi</span>-saddena sīlaṃ sampiṇḍeti.</p>
<p class="centered">Samādhiniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Iti ekādasamaparicchedavaṇṇanā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamo bhāgo niṭṭhito.</p>
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