Эхлэл Бүгдийг харах Тусламж
Бүртгүүлэх Нэвтрэх
iapt-platform
/
mint
-ын хуулбар https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git
2
0
Салаа 0
Файлууд Асуудлууд 0 Мэдлэгийн сан
Мод: 8de902b077
Салаанууд Тагууд
mint
/
palihtml
/
abh01a.att.htm

abh01a.att.htm 1.0 MB
Түүх Анхны өгөгдөл

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798991001011021031041051061071081091101111121131141151161171181191201211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361371381391401411421431441451461471481491501511521531541551561571581591601611621631641651661671681691701711721731741751761771781791801811821831841851861871881891901911921931941951961971981992002012022032042052062072082092102112122132142152162172182192202212222232242252262272282292302312322332342352362372382392402412422432442452462472482492502512522532542552562572582592602612622632642652662672682692702712722732742752762772782792802812822832842852862872882892902912922932942952962972982993003013023033043053063073083093103113123133143153163173183193203213223233243253263273283293303313323333343353363373383393403413423433443453463473483493503513523533543553563573583593603613623633643653663673683693703713723733743753763773783793803813823833843853863873883893903913923933943953963973983994004014024034044054064074084094104114124134144154164174184194204214224234244254264274284294304314324334344354364374384394404414424434444454464474484494504514524534544554564574584594604614624634644654664674684694704714724734744754764774784794804814824834844854864874884894904914924934944954964974984995005015025035045055065075085095105115125135145155165175185195205215225235245255265275285295305315325335345355365375385395405415425435445455465475485495505515525535545555565575585595605615625635645655665675685695705715725735745755765775785795805815825835845855865875885895905915925935945955965975985996006016026036046056066076086096106116126136146156166176186196206216226236246256266276286296306316326336346356366376386396406416426436446456466476486496506516526536546556566576586596606616626636646656666676686696706716726736746756766776786796806816826836846856866876886896906916926936946956966976986997007017027037047057067077087097107117127137147157167177187197207217227237247257267277287297307317327337347357367377387397407417427437447457467477487497507517527537547557567577587597607617627637647657667677687697707717727737747757767777787797807817827837847857867877887897907917927937947957967977987998008018028038048058068078088098108118128138148158168178188198208218228238248258268278288298308318328338348358368378388398408418428438448458468478488498508518528538548558568578588598608618628638648658668678688698708718728738748758768778788798808818828838848858868878888898908918928938948958968978988999009019029039049059069079089099109119129139149159169179189199209219229239249259269279289299309319329339349359369379389399409419429439449459469479489499509519529539549559569579589599609619629639649659669679689699709719729739749759769779789799809819829839849859869879889899909919929939949959969979989991000100110021003100410051006100710081009101010111012101310141015101610171018101910201021102210231024102510261027102810291030103110321033103410351036103710381039104010411042104310441045104610471048104910501051105210531054105510561057105810591060106110621063106410651066106710681069107010711072107310741075107610771078107910801081108210831084108510861087108810891090109110921093109410951096109710981099110011011102110311041105110611071108110911101111111211131114111511161117111811191120112111221123112411251126112711281129113011311132113311341135113611371138113911401141114211431144114511461147114811491150115111521153115411551156115711581159116011611162116311641165116611671168116911701171117211731174117511761177117811791180118111821183118411851186118711881189119011911192119311941195119611971198119912001201120212031204120512061207120812091210121112121213121412151216121712181219122012211222122312241225122612271228122912301231123212331234123512361237123812391240124112421243124412451246124712481249125012511252125312541255125612571258125912601261126212631264126512661267126812691270127112721273127412751276127712781279128012811282128312841285128612871288128912901291129212931294129512961297129812991300130113021303130413051306130713081309131013111312131313141315131613171318131913201321132213231324132513261327132813291330133113321333133413351336133713381339134013411342134313441345134613471348134913501351135213531354135513561357135813591360136113621363136413651366136713681369137013711372137313741375137613771378137913801381138213831384138513861387138813891390139113921393139413951396139713981399140014011402140314041405140614071408140914101411141214131414141514161417141814191420142114221423142414251426142714281429143014311432143314341435143614371438143914401441144214431444144514461447144814491450145114521453145414551456145714581459146014611462146314641465146614671468146914701471147214731474147514761477147814791480148114821483148414851486148714881489149014911492149314941495149614971498149915001501150215031504150515061507150815091510151115121513151415151516151715181519152015211522152315241525152615271528152915301531153215331534153515361537153815391540154115421543154415451546154715481549155015511552155315541555155615571558155915601561156215631564156515661567156815691570157115721573157415751576157715781579158015811582158315841585158615871588158915901591159215931594159515961597159815991600160116021603160416051606160716081609161016111612161316141615161616171618161916201621162216231624162516261627162816291630163116321633163416351636163716381639164016411642164316441645164616471648164916501651165216531654165516561657165816591660166116621663166416651666166716681669167016711672167316741675167616771678167916801681168216831684168516861687168816891690169116921693169416951696169716981699170017011702170317041705170617071708170917101711171217131714171517161717171817191720172117221723172417251726172717281729173017311732173317341735173617371738173917401741174217431744174517461747174817491750175117521753175417551756175717581759176017611762176317641765176617671768176917701771177217731774177517761777177817791780178117821783178417851786178717881789179017911792179317941795179617971798179918001801180218031804180518061807180818091810181118121813181418151816181718181819182018211822182318241825182618271828182918301831183218331834183518361837183818391840184118421843184418451846184718481849185018511852185318541855185618571858185918601861186218631864186518661867186818691870187118721873187418751876187718781879188018811882188318841885188618871888188918901891189218931894189518961897189818991900190119021903190419051906190719081909191019111912191319141915191619171918191919201921192219231924192519261927192819291930193119321933193419351936193719381939194019411942194319441945194619471948194919501951195219531954195519561957195819591960196119621963196419651966196719681969197019711972197319741975197619771978197919801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202420252026202720282029203020312032203320342035203620372038203920402041204220432044204520462047204820492050205120522053205420552056205720582059206020612062206320642065206620672068206920702071207220732074207520762077207820792080208120822083208420852086208720882089209020912092209320942095209620972098209921002101210221032104210521062107210821092110211121122113211421152116211721182119212021212122212321242125212621272128212921302131213221332134213521362137213821392140214121422143214421452146214721482149215021512152215321542155215621572158215921602161216221632164216521662167216821692170217121722173217421752176217721782179218021812182218321842185218621872188218921902191219221932194219521962197219821992200220122022203220422052206220722082209221022112212221322142215221622172218221922202221222222232224222522262227222822292230223122322233223422352236223722382239224022412242224322442245224622472248224922502251225222532254225522562257225822592260226122622263226422652266226722682269227022712272227322742275227622772278227922802281228222832284228522862287228822892290229122922293229422952296229722982299230023012302230323042305230623072308230923102311231223132314231523162317231823192320232123222323232423252326232723282329233023312332233323342335233623372338233923402341234223432344234523462347234823492350235123522353235423552356235723582359236023612362236323642365236623672368236923702371237223732374237523762377237823792380238123822383238423852386238723882389239023912392239323942395239623972398239924002401240224032404240524062407240824092410241124122413241424152416241724182419242024212422242324242425242624272428242924302431243224332434243524362437243824392440244124422443244424452446244724482449245024512452245324542455245624572458245924602461246224632464246524662467246824692470247124722473247424752476247724782479248024812482248324842485248624872488248924902491 
  1. <body>
    2. 

  2. <p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
    3. 

  3. <p class="nikaya">Abhidhammapiṭake</p>
    4. 

  4. <p class="title">Aṭṭhasālinī nāma</p>
    5. 

  5. <p class="book">Dhammasaṅgaṇī-aṭṭhakathā</p>
    6. 

  6. <p class="subsubhead">Ganthārambhakathā</p>
    7. 

  7. <p class="gatha1">Karuṇā <a name="M0.0001"></a><a name="P0.0001"></a><a name="V0.0001"></a> viya sattesu, paññā yassa mahesino;</p>
    8. 

  8. <p class="gathalast">Ñeyyadhammesu sabbesu, pavattittha yathāruci.</p>
    9. 

  9. <p class="gatha1">Dayāya <a name="V0.0002"></a> tāya sattesu, samussāhitamānaso;</p>
    10. 

  10. <p class="gathalast">Pāṭihīrāvasānamhi, vasanto tidasālaye.</p>
    11. 

  11. <p class="gatha1">Pāricchattakamūlamhi, paṇḍukambalanāmake;</p>
    12. 

  12. <p class="gathalast">Silāsane sannisinno, ādiccova yugandhare.</p>
    13. 

  13. <p class="gatha1">Cakkavāḷasahassehi, dasahāgamma sabbaso;</p>
    14. 

  14. <p class="gathalast">Sannisinnena devānaṃ, gaṇena parivārito.</p>
    15. 

  15. <p class="gatha1">Mātaraṃ pamukhaṃ katvā, tassā paññāya tejasā;</p>
    16. 

  16. <p class="gathalast">Abhidhammakathāmaggaṃ, devānaṃ sampavattayi.</p>
    17. 

  17. <p class="gatha1">Tassa pāde namassitvā, sambuddhassa sirīmato;</p>
    18. 

  18. <p class="gathalast">Saddhammañcassa pūjetvā, katvā saṅghassa cañjaliṃ.</p>
    19. 

  19. <p class="gatha1">Nipaccakārassetassa, katassa ratanattaye;</p>
    20. 

  20. <p class="gathalast">Ānubhāvena sosetvā, antarāye asesato.</p>
    21. 

  21. <p class="gatha1">Visuddhācārasīlena, nipuṇāmalabuddhinā;</p>
    22. 

  22. <p class="gathalast">Bhikkhunā buddhaghosena, sakkaccaṃ abhiyācito.</p>
    23. 

  23. <p class="gatha1">Yaṃ <a name="M0.0002"></a> devadevo devānaṃ, desetvā nayato puna;</p>
    24. 

  24. <p class="gathalast">Therassa sāriputtassa, samācikkhi vināyako.</p>
    25. 

  25. <p class="gatha1">Anotattadahe katvā, upaṭṭhānaṃ mahesino;</p>
    26. 

  26. <p class="gathalast">Yañca sutvāna so thero, āharitvā mahītalaṃ.</p>
    27. 

  27. <p class="gatha1">Bhikkhūnaṃ <a name="V0.0003"></a> payirudāhāsi, iti bhikkhūhi dhārito;</p>
    28. 

  28. <p class="gathalast">Saṅgītikāle saṅgīto, vedehamuninā puna.</p>
    29. 

  29. <p class="gatha1">Tassa gambhīrañāṇehi, ogāḷhassa abhiṇhaso;</p>
    30. 

  30. <p class="gathalast">Nānānayavicittassa, abhidhammassa ādito.</p>
    31. 

  31. <p class="gatha1">Yā mahākassapādīhi, vasīhiṭṭhakathā purā;</p>
    32. 

  32. <p class="gathalast">Saṅgītā anusaṅgītā, pacchāpi ca isīhi yā.</p>
    33. 

  33. <p class="gatha1">Ābhatā pana therena, mahindenetamuttamaṃ;</p>
    34. 

  34. <p class="gathalast">Yā dīpaṃ dīpavāsīnaṃ, bhāsāya abhisaṅkhatā.</p>
    35. 

  35. <p class="gatha1">Apanetvā <a name="P0.0002"></a> tato bhāsaṃ, tambapaṇṇinivāsinaṃ;</p>
    36. 

  36. <p class="gathalast">Āropayitvā niddosaṃ, bhāsaṃ tantinayānugaṃ.</p>
    37. 

  37. <p class="gatha1">Nikāyantaraladdhīhi, asammissaṃ anākulaṃ;</p>
    38. 

  38. <p class="gathalast">Mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ, dīpayanto vinicchayaṃ.</p>
    39. 

  39. <p class="gatha1">Atthaṃ pakāsayissāmi, āgamaṭṭhakathāsupi;</p>
    40. 

  40. <p class="gathalast">Gahetabbaṃ gahetvāna, tosayanto vicakkhaṇe.</p>
    41. 

  41. <p class="gatha1">Kammaṭṭhānāni sabbāni, cariyābhiññā vipassanā;</p>
    42. 

  42. <p class="gathalast">Visuddhimagge panidaṃ, yasmā sabbaṃ pakāsitaṃ.</p>
    43. 

  43. <p class="gatha1">Tasmā taṃ aggahetvāna, sakalāyapi tantiyā;</p>
    44. 

  44. <p class="gathalast">Padānukkamato eva, karissāmatthavaṇṇanaṃ.</p>
    45. 

  45. <p class="gatha1">Iti <a name="V0.0004"></a> me bhāsamānassa, abhidhammakathaṃ imaṃ;</p>
    46. 

  46. <p class="gathalast">Avikkhittā nisāmetha, dullabhā hi ayaṃ kathāti.</p>
    47. 

  47. <p class="subhead">Nidānakathā</p>
    48. 

  48. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0003"></a> kenaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhidhammo?</span> Dhammātirekadhammavisesaṭṭhena. Atirekavisesatthadīpako hettha ‘abhi’-saddo. ‘‘Bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti no paṭikkamanti’’ (ma. ni. 3.384; saṃ. ni. 5.195) ‘‘abhikkantavaṇṇā’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.1-2) viya. Tasmā yathā samussitesu bahūsu chattesu ceva dhajesu ca yaṃ atirekappamāṇaṃ visesavaṇṇasaṇṭhānañca chattaṃ, taṃ ‘aticchatta’nti vuccati, yo atirekappamāṇo nānāvirāgavaṇṇavisesasampanno ca dhajo so ‘atidhajo’ti vuccati, yathā ca ekato sannipatitesu bahūsu rājakumāresu ceva devesu ca yo jātibhogayasaissariyādisampattīhi atirekataro ceva visesavantataro ca rājakumāro so ‘atirājakumāro’ti vuccati, yo āyuvaṇṇaissariyayasasampattiādīhi atirekataro ceva visesavantataro ca devo so ‘atidevo’ti vuccati, tathārūpo brahmāpi ‘atibrahmā’ti vuccati, evameva ayampi dhammo dhammātirekadhammavisesaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘abhidhammo’</span>ti vuccati.</p>
    49. 

  49. <p class="bodytext">Suttantañhi patvā pañcakkhandhā ekadeseneva vibhattā, na nippadesena; abhidhammaṃ patvā pana suttantabhājanīyaabhidhammabhājanīyapañhapucchakanayānaṃ vasena nippadesato vibhattā. Tathā dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo, cattāri saccāni, bāvīsatindriyāni, dvādasapadiko paccayākāro. Kevalañhi <a name="P0.0003"></a> indriyavibhaṅge suttantabhājanīyaṃ natthi, paccayākāre ca pañhapucchakaṃ natthi. Suttantañca patvā cattāro satipaṭṭhānā ekadeseneva vibhattā, na nippadesena; abhidhammaṃ patvā pana tiṇṇampi nayānaṃ vasena nippadesatova vibhattā. Tathā cattāri sammappadhānāni, cattāro iddhipādā, satta bojjhaṅgā, ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, cattāri jhānāni, catasso appamaññāyo, pañca sikkhāpadāni, catasso paṭisambhidā. Kevalañhettha sikkhāpadavibhaṅge suttantabhājanīyaṃ natthi. Suttantaṃ patvā ca ñāṇaṃ ekadeseneva vibhattaṃ na nippadesena; tathā kilesā. Abhidhammaṃ patvā pana ‘‘ekavidhena ñāṇavatthū’’tiādinā (vibha. 751) nayena mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā nippadesatova <a name="M0.0004"></a> vibhattaṃ. Tathā ekakato paṭṭhāya anekehi nayehi kilesā. Suttantaṃ <a name="V0.0005"></a> patvā ca bhūmantaraparicchedo ekadeseneva vibhatto, na nippadesena; abhidhammaṃ pana patvā tiṇṇampi nayānaṃ vasena bhūmantaraparicchedo nippadesatova vibhatto. Evaṃ dhammātirekadhammavisesaṭṭhena abhidhammoti veditabbo.</p>
    50. 

  50. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pakaraṇaparicchedato</span> panesa dhammasaṅgaṇīvibhaṅgadhātukathāpuggalapaññattikathāvatthuyamakapaṭṭhānānaṃ sattannaṃ pakaraṇānaṃ vasena ṭhito. Ayamettha ācariyānaṃ samānakathā. Vitaṇḍavādī panāha – ‘kathāvatthu kasmā gahitaṃ? Nanu sammāsambuddhassa parinibbānato aṭṭhārasavassādhikāni dve vassasatāni atikkamitvā <span class="bld">moggaliputtatissattherenetaṃ</span> ṭhapitaṃ? Tasmā sāvakabhāsitattā chaḍḍetha na’nti. ‘Kiṃ pana chappakaraṇāni abhidhammo’ti? ‘Evaṃ na vadāmī’ti. ‘Atha kiṃ vadesī’ti. ‘Sattappakaraṇānī’ti. ‘Kataraṃ gahetvā satta karosī’ti? ‘Mahādhammahadayaṃ nāma atthi, etena saha sattā’ti. ‘Mahādhammahadaye apubbaṃ natthi, katipayāva pañhāvārā avasesā, kathāvatthunāva saddhiṃ sattā’ti. ‘No kathāvatthunā, mahādhātukathā <a name="P0.0004"></a> nāma atthi, tāya saddhiṃ sattā’ti. ‘Mahādhātukathāyaṃ apubbaṃ natthi, appamattikāva tanti avasesā. Kathāvatthunāva saddhiṃ sattā’ti.</p>
    51. 

  51. <p class="bodytext">Sammāsambuddho hi sattappakaraṇāni desento kathāvatthuṃ patvā yā esā puggalavāre tāva catūsu pañhesu dvinnaṃ pañcakānaṃ vasena aṭṭhamukhā vādayutti taṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbakathāmaggesu asampuṇṇabhāṇavāramattāya pāḷiyā mātikaṃ ṭhapesi. Sā panesā ‘‘puggalo upalabbhati saccikaṭṭhaparamatthenāti. Āmantā. Yo saccikaṭṭho paramattho tato so puggalo upalabbhati saccikaṭṭhaparamatthenāti. Nahevaṃ vattabbe. Ājānāhi niggahaṃ…pe… puggalo nupalabbhati saccikaṭṭhaparamatthenāti. Āmantā. Yo saccikaṭṭho paramattho tato so puggalo nupalabbhati saccikaṭṭhaparamatthenāti. Nahevaṃ vattabbe. Ājānāhi niggahaṃ…pe…. Sabbattha puggalo upalabbhati sabbattha puggalo nupalabbhati, sabbadā puggalo upalabbhati sabbadā puggalo nupalabbhati, sabbesu puggalo upalabbhati sabbesu puggalo nupalabbhati saccikaṭṭhaparamatthenā’’ti (kathā. 15-16) evaṃ paṭhamaṃ vādaṃ nissāya <a name="M0.0005"></a> paṭhamaṃ niggahaṃ, dutiyaṃ nissāya dutiyaṃ …pe… aṭṭhamaṃ nissāya aṭṭhamaṃ niggahaṃ dassentena satthārā ṭhapitā. Iminā nayena sabbattha mātikāṭhapanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Taṃ panetaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapento imaṃ disvā ṭhapesi – mama parinibbānato aṭṭhārasavassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ matthake <span class="bld">moggaliputtatissatthero</span> nāma bhikkhu <a name="V0.0006"></a> bhikkhusahassamajjhe nisinno sakavāde pañca suttasatāni paravāde pañcāti suttasahassaṃ samodhānetvā dīghanikāyappamāṇaṃ kathāvatthuppakaraṇaṃ bhājessatīti.</p>
    52. 

  52. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Moggaliputtatissattheropi</span> idaṃ pakaraṇaṃ desento na attano ñāṇena desesi, satthārā pana dinnanayena ṭhapitamātikāya desesi. Iti satthārā dinnanayena ṭhapitamātikāya desitattā sakalampetaṃ pakaraṇaṃ buddhabhāsitameva nāma jātaṃ. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā madhupiṇḍikasuttantādīni<a name="P0.0005"></a>. Madhupiṇḍikasuttantasmiñhi bhagavā ‘‘yatonidānaṃ bhikkhu purisaṃ papañcasaññāsaṅkhā samudācaranti, ettha ce natthi abhinanditabbaṃ abhivaditabbaṃ ajjhositabbaṃ, esevanto rāgānusayāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.202) mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.</p>
    53. 

  53. <p class="bodytext">Dhammappaṭiggāhakā bhikkhū <span class="bld">mahākaccānattheraṃ</span> upasaṅkamitvā dasabalena ṭhapitamātikāya atthaṃ pucchiṃsu. Thero pucchitamattakeneva akathetvā dasabalassa apacitidassanatthaṃ ‘‘seyyathāpi āvuso puriso sāratthiko sāragavesī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.203) sāropamaṃ āharitvā sārarukkho viya bhagavā sākhāpalāsasadisā sāvakā, ‘‘so hāvuso bhagavā jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passati cakkhubhūto ñāṇabhūto dhammabhūto brahmabhūto vattā pavattā atthassa ninnetā amatassa dātā dhammassāmī tathāgato’’ti satthāraṃ thometvā punappunaṃ therehi yācito satthārā ṭhapitamātikāya atthaṃ vibhajitvā ‘‘ākaṅkhamānā ca pana tumhe āyasmanto bhagavantaṃyeva upasaṅkamitvā etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha sace sabbaññutaññāṇena saddhiṃ saṃsandiyamānaṃ sameti gaṇheyyātha, no ce mā gaṇhitthā’’ti iminā adhippāyena ‘‘yathā vo bhagavā byākaroti tathā naṃ dhāreyyāthā’’ti vatvā uyyojesi.</p>
    54. 

  54. <p class="bodytext">Te <a name="M0.0006"></a> satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchiṃsu. Satthā dukkathitaṃ kaccānenāti avatvā suvaṇṇāliṅgaṃ ussāpento viya gīvaṃ unnāmetvā supupphitasatapattasassirikaṃ mahāmukhaṃ pūrento brahmassaraṃ nicchāretvā sādhu sādhūti therassa sādhukāraṃ datvā ‘‘paṇḍito, bhikkhave, mahākaccāno, mahāpañño bhikkhave mahākaccāno, maṃ cepi tumhe, bhikkhave, etamatthaṃ paṭipuccheyyātha, ahampi taṃ evamevaṃ byākareyyaṃ yathā taṃ mahākaccānena byākata’’nti (ma. ni. 1.205) āha.</p>
    55. 

  55. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ satthārā anumoditakālato paṭṭhāya ca pana sakalaṃ suttaṃ buddhabhāsitaṃ nāma jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Ānandattherādīhi</span> <a name="V0.0007"></a> vitthāritasuttesupi eseva nayo. Evameva sammāsambuddho sattappakaraṇāni desento kathāvatthuṃ patvā vuttanayena mātikaṃ ṭhapesi. Ṭhapento <a name="P0.0006"></a> ca pana imaṃ addasa –</p>
    56. 

  56. <p class="indent">Mama parinibbānato aṭṭhārasavassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ vassasatānaṃ matthake <span class="bld">moggaliputtatissatthero</span> nāma bhikkhu bhikkhusahassamajjhe nisinno sakavāde pañca suttasatāni paravāde pañcāti suttasahassaṃ samodhānetvā dīghanikāyappamāṇaṃ kathāvatthuppakaraṇaṃ bhājessatīti.</p>
    57. 

  57. <p class="bodytext">Moggaliputtatissattheropi imaṃ pakaraṇaṃ desento na attano ñāṇena desesi, satthārā pana dinnanayena ṭhapitamātikāya desesi. Iti satthārā dinnanayena ṭhapitamātikāya desitattā sakalampetaṃ pakaraṇaṃ buddhabhāsitameva jātaṃ. Evaṃ kathāvatthunāva saddhiṃ satta pakaraṇāni abhidhammo nāma.</p>
    58. 

  58. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dhammasaṅgaṇīpakaraṇe</span> catasso vibhattiyo – cittavibhatti rūpavibhatti nikkheparāsi atthuddhāroti. Tattha kāmāvacarakusalato aṭṭha, akusalato dvādasa, kusalavipākato soḷasa, akusalavipākato satta, kiriyato ekādasa; rūpāvacarakusalato pañca, vipākato pañca, kiriyato pañca; arūpāvacarakusalato cattāri, vipākato cattāri, kiriyato cattāri; lokuttarakusalato cattāri, vipākato cattārīti ekūnanavuti cittāni cittavibhatti nāma. <span class="bld">Cittuppādakaṇḍa</span>ntipi etasseva nāmaṃ. Taṃ vācanāmaggato atirekachabhāṇavāraṃ, vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    59. 

  59. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <a name="M0.0007"></a> ekavidhena duvidhenātiādinā nayena mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā vitthārena vibhajitvā dassitā rūpavibhatti nāma. <span class="bld">Rūpakaṇḍa</span>ntipi etasseva nāmaṃ. Taṃ vācanāmaggato atirekadvibhāṇavāraṃ. Vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    60. 

  60. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ mūlato khandhato dvārato bhūmito atthato dhammato nāmato liṅgatoti evaṃ mūlādīhi nikkhipitvā desito nikkheparāsi nāma. So –</p>
    61. 

  61. <p class="gatha1">Mūlato <a name="V0.0008"></a> khandhato cāpi, dvārato cāpi bhūmito;</p>
    62. 

  62. <p class="gatha2">Atthato dhammato cāpi, nāmato cāpi liṅgato;</p>
    63. 

  63. <p class="gathalast">Nikkhipitvā desitattā, nikkhepoti pavuccati.</p>
    64. 

  64. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nikkhepakaṇḍa</span>ntipi tasseva nāmaṃ. Taṃ vācanāmaggato timattabhāṇavāraṃ. Vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    65. 

  65. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ pana tepiṭakassa buddhavacanassa atthuddhārabhūtaṃ yāva saraṇadukā nikkhittaṃ <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ</span> nāma. Yato <a name="P0.0007"></a> mahāpakaraṇiyā bhikkhū mahāpakaraṇe gaṇanacāraṃ asallakkhentā gaṇanacāraṃ samānenti. Taṃ vācanāmaggato dvimattabhāṇavāraṃ. Vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    66. 

  66. <p class="bodytext">Iti sakalampi dhammasaṅgaṇīpakaraṇaṃ vācanāmaggato atirekaterasamattabhāṇavāraṃ. Vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti. Evametaṃ –</p>
    67. 

  67. <p class="gatha1">Cittavibhatti rūpañca, nikkhepo atthajotanā;</p>
    68. 

  68. <p class="gathalast">Gambhīraṃ nipuṇaṃ ṭhānaṃ, tampi buddhena desitaṃ.</p>
    69. 

  69. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅgappakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ khandhavibhaṅgo āyatanavibhaṅgo dhātuvibhaṅgo saccavibhaṅgo idriyavibhaṅgo paccayākāravibhaṅgo satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgo sammappadhānavibhaṅgo iddhipādavibhaṅgo bojjhaṅgavibhaṅgo maggaṅgavibhaṅgo jhānavibhaṅgo appamaññāvibhaṅgo sikkhāpadavibhaṅgo paṭisambhidāvibhaṅgo ñāṇavibhaṅgo khuddakavatthuvibhaṅgo dhammahadayavibhaṅgoti aṭṭhārasavidhena vibhattaṃ.</p>
    70. 

  70. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0008"></a> khandhavibhaṅgo suttantabhājanīyaabhidhammabhājanīyapañhapucchakānaṃ vasena tidhā vibhatto. So vācanāmaggato pañcamattabhāṇavāro, vitthāriyamāno pana ananto aparimāṇo hoti. Tato paraṃ āyatanavibhaṅgādayopi eteheva tīhi nayehi vibhattā. Tesu āyatanavibhaṅgo vācanāmaggato atirekabhāṇavāro, dhātuvibhaṅgo dvimattabhāṇavāro. Tathā saccavibhaṅgo. Indriyavibhaṅge <a name="V0.0009"></a> suttantabhājanīyaṃ natthi; vācanāmaggato panesa atirekabhāṇavāramatto. Paccayākāravibhaṅgo chamattabhāṇavāro, pañhapucchakaṃ panettha natthi. Satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅgo atirekabhāṇavāramatto; tathā sammappadhāna iddhipādabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgavibhaṅgā. Jhānavibhaṅgo dvibhāṇavāramatto, appamaññāvibhaṅgo atirekabhāṇavāramatto. Sikkhāpadavibhaṅgepi suttantabhājanīyaṃ natthi; vācanāmaggato panesa atirekabhāṇavāramatto; tathā <a name="P0.0008"></a> paṭisambhidāvibhaṅgo. Ñāṇavibhaṅgo dasavidhena vibhatto; vācanāmaggato panesa timattabhāṇavāro. Khuddakavatthuvibhaṅgopi dasavidhena vibhatto; vācanāmaggato panesa timattabhāṇavāro. Dhammahadayavibhaṅgo tividhena vibhatto; vācanāmaggato panesa atirekadvibhāṇavāramatto. Sabbepi vitthāriyamānā anantā aparimāṇā honti. Evametaṃ vibhaṅgappakaraṇaṃ vācanāmaggato pañcatiṃsamattabhāṇavāraṃ; vitthārato pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    71. 

  71. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">dhātukathāpakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ saṅgaho asaṅgaho, saṅgahitena asaṅgahitaṃ, asaṅgahitena saṅgahitaṃ, saṅgahitena saṅgahitaṃ, asaṅgahitena asaṅgahitaṃ; sampayogo vippayogo, sampayuttena vippayuttaṃ, vippayuttena sampayuttaṃ, sampayuttena sampayuttaṃ, vippayuttena vippayuttaṃ; saṅgahitena sampayuttaṃ vippayuttaṃ; sampayuttena saṅgahitaṃ asaṅgahitaṃ, asaṅgahitena sampayuttaṃ vippayuttaṃ, vippayuttena saṅgahitaṃ asaṅgahitanti cuddasavidhena vibhattaṃ. Taṃ vācanāmaggato atirekachabhāṇavāramattaṃ, vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    72. 

  72. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">puggalapaññatti</span> nāma. Sā ‘‘khandhapaññatti āyatanapaññatti dhātupaññatti saccapaññatti indriyapaññatti puggalapaññattī’’ti chabbidhena vibhattā. Sā vācanāmaggato atirekapañcabhāṇavārā; vitthāriyamānā pana anantā aparimāṇāva hoti.</p>
    73. 

  73. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <a name="M0.0009"></a> <span class="bld">kathāvatthuppakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ sakavāde pañca suttasatāni paravāde pañcāti suttasahassaṃ samodhānetvā vibhattaṃ. Taṃ vācanāmaggato idāni potthake likhitaṃ aggahetvā saṅgītiāropitanayena dīghanikāyappamāṇaṃ, vitthāriyamānaṃ pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    74. 

  74. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">yamakaṃ</span> nāma. Taṃ mūlayamakaṃ khandhayamakaṃ āyatanayamakaṃ dhātuyamakaṃ saccayamakaṃ saṅkhārayamakaṃ <a name="V0.0010"></a> anusayayamakaṃ cittayamakaṃ dhammayamakaṃ indriyayamakanti dasavidhena vibhattaṃ. Taṃ <a name="P0.0009"></a> vācanāmaggato vīsabhāṇavārasataṃ, vitthārato pana anantamaparimāṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    75. 

  75. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <span class="bld">mahāpakaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhāna</span>ntipi tasseva nāmaṃ. Taṃ hetupaccayo ārammaṇapaccayo adhipatipaccayo anantarapaccayo samanantarapaccayo sahajātapaccayo aññamaññapaccayo nissayapaccayo upanissayapaccayo purejātapaccayo pacchājātapaccayo āsevanapaccayo kammapaccayo vipākapaccayo āhārapaccayo indriyapaccayo jhānapaccayo maggapaccayo sampayuttapaccayo vippayuttapaccayo atthipaccayo natthipaccayo vigatapaccayo avigatapaccayoti. Paccayavasena tāva catuvīsatividhena vibhattaṃ.</p>
    76. 

  76. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne paṭṭhānaṃ samānetabbaṃ. Kusalattikādayo hi dvāvīsati tikā, nāma hetū dhammā nahetū dhammā…pe… saraṇā dhammā araṇā dhammāti ime sataṃ dukā. Aparepi vijjābhāgino dhammā avijjābhāgino dhammā…pe… khaye ñāṇaṃ, anuppāde ñāṇanti dvācattālīsa suttantikadukā nāma. Tesu dvāvīsati tikā sataṃ dukāti ayaṃ āhaccabhāsitā jinavacanabhūtā sabbaññubuddhena desitā sattannaṃ pakaraṇānaṃ mātikā nāma.</p>
    77. 

  77. <p class="bodytext">Athāpare dvācattālīsa suttantikadukā kutopabhavā kena ṭhapitā kena desitāti? <span class="bld">Dhammasenāpatisāriputtattherappabhavā,</span> tena ṭhapitā, tena desitāti. Ime ṭhapento pana thero na sāmukkaṃsikena attano ñāṇena ṭhapesi. Ekuttariyaṃ pana ekanipātadukanipātasaṅgīti dasuttarasuttantehi samodhānetvā ābhidhammikattherānaṃ suttantaṃ patvā akilamatthaṃ ṭhapitā. Te panete ekasmiṃ nikkhepakaṇḍeyeva matthakaṃ <a name="M0.0010"></a> pāpetvā vibhattā. Sesaṭṭhānesu yāva saraṇadukā abhidhammo vibhatto.</p>
    78. 

  78. <p class="bodytext">Sammāsambuddhena hi anulomapaṭṭhāne dvāvīsati tike nissāya <span class="bld">tikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma niddiṭṭhaṃ. Sataṃ duke nissāya <span class="bld">dukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tato paraṃ dvāvīsati tike gahetvā dukasate pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">dukatikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma dassitaṃ. Tato paraṃ dukasataṃ gahetvā dvāvīsatiyā tikesu pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">tikadukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma dassitaṃ. Tike <a name="P0.0010"></a> pana tikesuyeva pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">tikatikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0011"></a> nāma dassitaṃ. Duke ca dukesuyeva pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">dukadukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma dassitaṃ. Evaṃ –</p>
    79. 

  79. <p class="gatha1">Tikañca paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,</p>
    80. 

  80. <p class="gatha2">Dukatikañceva tikadukañca;</p>
    81. 

  81. <p class="gatha3">Tikatikañceva dukadukañca,</p>
    82. 

  82. <p class="gathalast">Cha <span class="bld">anulomamhi</span> nayā sugambhīrāti. (paṭṭhā. 1.1.39);</p>
    83. 

  83. <p class="bodytext">Paccanīyapaṭṭhānepi dvāvīsatitike nissāya <span class="bld">tikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Dukasataṃ nissāya <span class="bld">dukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Dvāvīsatitike dukasate pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">dukatikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Dukasataṃ dvāvīsatiyā tikesu pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">tikadukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Tike tikesuyeva pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">tikatikapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Duke dukesuyeva pakkhipitvā <span class="bld">dukadukapaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāmāti paccanīyepi chahi nayehi paṭṭhānaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    84. 

  84. <p class="gatha1">Tikañca paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,</p>
    85. 

  85. <p class="gatha2">Dukatikañceva tikadukañca;</p>
    86. 

  86. <p class="gatha3">Tikatikañceva dukadukañca,</p>
    87. 

  87. <p class="gathalast">Cha <span class="bld">paccanīyamhi</span> nayā sugambhīrāti. (paṭṭhā. 1.1.44);</p>
    88. 

  88. <p class="bodytext">Tato paraṃ anulomapaccanīyepi eteneva upāyena cha nayā dassitā. Tenāha –</p>
    89. 

  89. <p class="gatha1">Tikañca paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,</p>
    90. 

  90. <p class="gatha2">Dukatikañceva tikadukañca;</p>
    91. 

  91. <p class="gatha3">Tikatikañceva dukadukañca,</p>
    92. 

  92. <p class="gathalast">Cha <span class="bld">anulomapaccanīyamhi</span> nayā sugambhīrāti. (paṭṭhā. 1.1.48);</p>
    93. 

  93. <p class="bodytext">Tadanantaraṃ <a name="M0.0011"></a> paccanīyānulomepi eteheva chahi nayehi niddiṭṭhaṃ. Tenāha –</p>
    94. 

  94. <p class="gatha1">Tikañca <a name="V0.0012"></a> paṭṭhānavaraṃ dukuttamaṃ,</p>
    95. 

  95. <p class="gatha2">Dukatikañceva tikadukañca;</p>
    96. 

  96. <p class="gatha3">Tikatikañceva dukadukañca,</p>
    97. 

  97. <p class="gathalast">Cha <span class="bld">paccanīyānulomamhi</span> nayā sugambhīrāti. (paṭṭhā. 1.1.52);</p>
    98. 

  98. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ anulome cha paṭṭhānāni, paṭilome cha, anulomapaccanīye cha, paccanīyānulome cha paṭṭhānānīti idaṃ catuvīsatisamantapaṭṭhānasamodhānaṃ paṭṭhānaṃ mahāpakaraṇaṃ nāma.</p>
    99. 

  99. <p class="bodytext">Idāni imassa abhidhammassa gambhīrabhāvavijānanatthaṃ <span class="bld">cattāro sāgarā</span> veditabbā – saṃsārasāgaro, jalasāgaro, nayasāgaro, ñāṇasāgaroti. Tattha <span class="bld">saṃsārasāgaro</span> nāma –</p>
    100. 

  100. <p class="gatha1">Khandhānañca paṭipāṭi, dhātuāyatanāna ca;</p>
    101. 

  101. <p class="gathalast">Abbocchinnaṃ vattamānā, saṃsāroti pavuccatīti.</p>
    102. 

  102. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vuttaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭaṃ. Svāyaṃ yasmā imesaṃ sattānaṃ uppattiyā purimā koṭi na paññāyati ettakānañhi vassasatānaṃ vā vassasahassānaṃ <a name="P0.0011"></a> vā vassasatasahassānaṃ vā, kappasatānaṃ vā kappasahassānaṃ vā kappasatasahassānaṃ vā matthake sattā uppannā, tato pubbe nāhesunti vā, asukassa nāma rañño kāle uppannā, asukassa buddhassa kāle uppannā tato pubbe nāhesunti vā, ayaṃ paricchedo natthi; ‘‘purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya, ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi atha pacchā samabhavī’’ti (a. ni. 10.61) iminā pana nayena saṃsārasāgaro anamataggova.</p>
    103. 

  103. <p class="bodytext">Mahāsamuddo pana <span class="bld">jalasāgaro</span> nāmāti veditabbo. So caturāsītiyojanasahassagambhīro. Tattha udakassa āḷhakasatehi vā āḷhakasahassehi vā āḷhakasatasahassehi vā pamāṇaṃ nāma natthi<a name="M0.0012"></a>. Atha kho asaṅkhyeyyo appameyyo mahāudakakkhandhotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Ayaṃ jalasāgaro nāma.</p>
    104. 

  104. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">nayasāgaro</span>? Tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Dvepi hi tantiyo paccavekkhantānaṃ saddhāsampannānaṃ <a name="V0.0013"></a> pasādabahulānaṃ ñāṇuttarānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ anantaṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppajjati. Katamā dve? Vinayañca abhidhammañca. Vinayadharabhikkhūnañhi vinayatantiṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ dosānurūpaṃ sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ nāma – imasmiṃ dose imasmiṃ vītikkame idaṃ nāma hotīti sikkhāpadapaññāpanaṃ – aññesaṃ avisayo, buddhānameva visayoti. Uttarimanussadhammapeyyālaṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ nīlapeyyālaṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ sañcarittapeyyālaṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ anantaṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppajjati. Ābhidhammikabhikkhūnampi khandhantaraṃ āyatanantaraṃ dhātvantaraṃ indriyantaraṃ balabojjhaṅgakammavipākantaraṃ rūpārūpaparicchedaṃ saṇhasukhumadhammaṃ gaganatale tārakarūpāni gaṇhanto viya rūpārūpadhamme pabbaṃ pabbaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā vibhajanto dassesi vata no satthāti abhidhammatantiṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ anantaṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    105. 

  105. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ uppattiyā panassa idaṃ vatthupi veditabbaṃ – <span class="bld">mahāgatigamiyatissadattatthero</span> kira <a name="P0.0012"></a> nāma mahābodhiṃ vandissāmīti paratīraṃ gacchanto nāvāya uparitale nisinno mahāsamuddaṃ olokesi. Athassa tasmiṃ samaye neva paratīraṃ paññāyittha, na orimatīraṃ, ūmivegappabhedasamuggatajalacuṇṇaparikiṇṇo pana pasāritarajatapaṭṭasumanapupphasantharasadiso mahāsamuddova paññāyittha. So kiṃ nu kho mahāsamuddassa ūmivego balavā udāhu catuvīsatippabhede samantapaṭṭhāne nayamukhaṃ balavanti cintesi. Athassa mahāsamudde paricchedo paññāyati – ayañhi heṭṭhā mahāpathaviyā paricchinno, upari ākāsena, ekato cakkavāḷapabbatena, ekato velantena paricchinno; samantapaṭṭhānassa pana paricchedo na paññāyatīti saṇhasukhumadhammaṃ paccavekkhantassa balavapīti uppannā. So pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā yathānisinnova sabbakilese khepetvā aggaphale arahatte patiṭṭhāya udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
    106. 

  106. <p class="gatha1">Attheva <a name="M0.0013"></a> gambhīragataṃ sudubbudhaṃ,</p>
    107. 

  107. <p class="gatha2">Sayaṃ abhiññāya sahetusambhavaṃ;</p>
    108. 

  108. <p class="gatha3">Yathānupubbaṃ nikhilena desitaṃ,</p>
    109. 

  109. <p class="gathalast">Mahesinā rūpagataṃva passatīti.</p>
    110. 

  110. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ nayasāgaro nāma.</p>
    111. 

  111. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <a name="V0.0014"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇasāgaro</span>? Sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ñāṇasāgaro nāma. Ayaṃ saṃsārasāgaro nāma, ayaṃ jalasāgaro nāma, ayaṃ nayasāgaro nāmāti hi aññena na sakkā jānituṃ, sabbaññutaññāṇeneva sakkā jānitunti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ñāṇasāgaro nāma. Imesu catūsu sāgaresu imasmiṃ ṭhāne nayasāgaro adhippeto. Imañhi sabbaññubuddhāva paṭivijjhanti.</p>
    112. 

  112. <p class="bodytext">Ayampi bhagavā bodhimūle nisinno ‘imaṃ paṭivijjhitvā imaṃ vata me dhammaṃ esantassa gavesantassa kappasatasahassādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni vītivattāni, atha me imasmiṃ pallaṅke nisinnena diyaḍḍhakilesasahassaṃ khepetvā ayaṃ dhammo paṭividdho’ti paṭividdhadhammaṃ paccavekkhanto sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi. Tato tamhā pallaṅkā vuṭṭhāya ‘imasmiṃ vata me pallaṅke sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭividdha’nti animisehi cakkhūhi sattāhaṃ pallaṅkaṃ olokento aṭṭhāsi. Tato devatānaṃ ‘ajjāpi nūna siddhatthassa <a name="P0.0013"></a> kattabbakiccaṃ atthi, pallaṅkasmiñhi ālayaṃ na vijahatī’ti parivitakko udapādi.</p>
    113. 

  113. <p class="bodytext">Satthā devatānaṃ vitakkaṃ ñatvā tāvadeva tāsaṃ vitakkavūpasamanatthaṃ vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ dassesi. Mahābodhipallaṅkasmiñhi katapāṭihāriyañca, ñātisamāgame katapāṭihāriyañca, pāṭiyaputtasamāgame katapāṭihāriyañca, sabbaṃ kaṇḍambarukkhamūle katayamakapāṭihāriyasadisameva ahosi. Evaṃ yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ katvā pallaṅkassa ṭhitaṭṭhānassa ca antare ākāsato oruyha sattāhaṃ caṅkami. Imesu ca ekavīsatiyā divasesu ekadivasepi satthu sarīrato rasmiyo na nikkhantā.</p>
    114. 

  114. <p class="bodytext">Catutthe pana sattāhe pacchimuttarāya disāya ratanaghare nisīdi – ratanagharaṃ nāma neva sattaratanamayaṃ gehaṃ. Sattannaṃ pana pakaraṇānaṃ sammasitaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="M0.0014"></a> ratanagharanti veditabbaṃ – tattha dhammasaṅgaṇiṃ sammasantassāpi sarīrato rasmiyo na nikkhantā. Vibhaṅgappakaraṇaṃ dhātukathaṃ puggalapaññattiṃ kathāvatthuppakaraṇaṃ yamakappakaraṇaṃ sammasantassāpi sarīrato rasmiyo na nikkhantā. Yadā pana mahāpakaraṇaṃ oruyha ‘‘hetupaccayo ārammaṇapaccayo…pe… avigatapaccayo’’ti sammasanaṃ ārabhi, athassa catuvīsatisamantapaṭṭhānaṃ sammasantassa ekantato sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ mahāpakaraṇeyeva okāsaṃ labhi. Yathā hi timirapiṅgalamahāmaccho caturāsītiyojanasahassagambhīre <a name="V0.0015"></a> mahāsamuddeyeva okāsaṃ labhati, evameva sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ ekantato mahāpakaraṇeyeva okāsaṃ labhi.</p>
    115. 

  115. <p class="bodytext">Satthu evaṃ laddhokāsena sabbaññutaññāṇena yathāsukhaṃ saṇhasukhumadhammaṃ sammasantassa sarīrato nīlapītalohitodātamañjiṭṭhapabhassaravasena chabbaṇṇarasmiyo nikkhamiṃsu. Kesamassūhi ceva akkhīnañca nīlaṭṭhānehi <span class="bld">nīlarasmiyo</span> nikkhamiṃsu, yāsaṃ vasena gaganatalaṃ añjanacuṇṇasamokiṇṇaṃ viya umāpupphanīluppaladalasañchannaṃ viya vītipatantamaṇitālavaṇṭaṃ viya sampasāritamecakapaṭaṃ viya ca ahosi.</p>
    116. 

  116. <p class="bodytext">Chavito ceva akkhīnañca pītaṭṭhānehi <span class="bld">pītarasmiyo</span> <a name="P0.0014"></a> nikkhamiṃsu; yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā suvaṇṇarasadhārābhisiñcamānā viya suvaṇṇapaṭapasāritā viya kuṅkumacuṇṇakaṇikārapupphasamparikiṇṇā viya ca virociṃsu.</p>
    117. 

  117. <p class="bodytext">Maṃsalohitehi ceva akkhīnañca rattaṭṭhānehi <span class="bld">lohitarasmiyo</span> nikkhamiṃsu yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā cīnapiṭṭhacuṇṇarañjitā viya supakkalākhārasasiñcamānā viya rattakambalaparikkhittā viya jayasumanapāribhaddakabandhujīvakakusumasamparikiṇṇā viya ca virociṃsu.</p>
    118. 

  118. <p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhīhi ceva dantehi ca akkhīnañca setaṭṭhānehi <span class="bld">odātarasmiyo</span> nikkhamiṃsu; yāsaṃ vasena disābhāgā rajataghaṭehi āsiñcamānakhīradhārāsamparikiṇṇā viya sampasāritarajatapaṭṭavitānā viya, vītipatantarajatatālavaṇṭā viya, kundakumudasinduvārasumanamallikādikusumasañchannā viya ca virociṃsu.</p>
    119. 

  119. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mañjiṭṭhapabhassarā</span> <a name="M0.0015"></a> pana tamhā tamhā sarīrappadesā nikkhamiṃsu. Iti tā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo nikkhamitvā ghanamahāpathaviṃ gaṇhiṃsu.</p>
    120. 

  120. <p class="bodytext">Catunahutādhikadviyojanasatasahassabahalā mahāpathavī niddhantasuvaṇṇapiṇḍi viya ahosi. Atha mahāpathaviṃ bhinditvā heṭṭhā udakaṃ gaṇhiṃsu. Pathavisandhārakaṃ aṭṭhanahutādhikacatuyojanasatasahassabahalaṃ udakaṃ suvaṇṇakalasehi āsiñcamānavilīnasuvaṇṇaṃ viya ahosi. Udakaṃ vinivijjhitvā <a name="V0.0016"></a> vātaṃ aggahesuṃ. Chanahutādhikanavayojanasatasahassabahalo vāto samussitasuvaṇṇakkhandho viya ahosi. Vātaṃ vinivijjhitvā heṭṭhā ajaṭākāsaṃ pakkhandiṃsu.</p>
    121. 

  121. <p class="bodytext">Uparibhāgena uggantvāpi cātumahārājike gaṇhiṃsu. Te vinivijjhitvā tāvatiṃse tato yāme tato tusite tato nimmānaratī tato paranimmitavasavattī tato nava brahmaloke tato vehapphale tato pañca suddhāvāse vinivijjhitvā cattāro āruppe gaṇhiṃsu. Cattāro ca āruppe vinivijjhitvā ajaṭākāsaṃ pakkhandiṃsu.</p>
    122. 

  122. <p class="bodytext">Tiriyabhāgehi anantā lokadhātuyo pakkhandiṃsu. Ettakesu ṭhānesu candamhi candappabhā natthi, sūriye sūriyappabhā natthi, tārakarūpesu tārakarūpappabhā natthi, devatānaṃ uyyānavimānakapparukkhesu ceva sarīresu ca ābharaṇesu cāti sabbattha pabhā natthi. Tisahassimahāsahassilokadhātuyā ālokapharaṇasamattho mahābrahmāpi sūriyuggamane <a name="P0.0015"></a> khajjopanako viya ahosi. Candasūriyatārakarūpadevatuyyānavimānakapparukkhānaṃ paricchedamattakameva paññāyittha. Ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ buddharasmīhiyeva ajjhotthaṭaṃ ahosi. Ayañca neva buddhānaṃ adhiṭṭhāniddhi, na bhāvanāmayiddhi. Saṇhasukhumadhammaṃ pana sammasato lokanāthassa lohitaṃ pasīdi, vatthurūpaṃ pasīdi, chavivaṇṇo pasīdi. Cittasamuṭṭhānā vaṇṇadhātu samantā asītihatthamatte padese niccalāva aṭṭhāsi. Iminā nīhārena sattāhaṃ sammasi.</p>
    123. 

  123. <p class="bodytext">Satta rattindivāni sammasitadhammo kittako ahosīti? Ananto aparimāṇo ahosi. Ayaṃ tāva manasādesanā nāma. Satthā pana evaṃ sattāhaṃ manasā cintitadhammaṃ vacībhedaṃ katvā desento vassasatenapi <a name="M0.0016"></a> vassasahassenapi vassasatasahassenapi matthakaṃ pāpetvā desetuṃ na sakkotīti na vattabbaṃ. Aparabhāgepi hi tathāgato tāvatiṃsabhavane pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatānaṃ majjhe nisinno mātaraṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā kusalā dhammā, akusalā dhammā, abyākatā dhammāti dhammaṃ desento satabhāgena sahassabhāgena satasahassabhāgena dhammantarā dhammantaraṃ saṅkamitvā saṅkamitvāva desesi. Tayo māse nirantaraṃ pavattitadesanā vegena pavattā ākāsagaṅgā viya adhomukhaṭhapitaudakaghaṭā nikkhantaudakadhārā viya ca hutvā anantā aparimāṇā ahosi.</p>
    124. 

  124. <p class="bodytext">Buddhānañhi <a name="V0.0017"></a> bhattānumodanakālepi thokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā anumodentānaṃ desanā dīghamajjhimanikāyappamāṇā hoti. Pacchābhattaṃ pana sampattaparisāya dhammaṃ desentānaṃ desanā saṃyuttaaṅguttarikadvemahānikāyappamāṇāva hoti. Kasmā? Buddhānañhi bhavaṅgaparivāso lahuko dantāvaraṇaṃ suphusitaṃ mukhādānaṃ siliṭṭhaṃ jivhā mudukā saro madhuro vacanaṃ lahuparivattaṃ. Tasmā taṃ muhuttaṃ desitadhammopi ettako hoti. Temāsaṃ desitadhammo pana ananto aparimāṇoyeva.</p>
    125. 

  125. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ānandatthero</span> hi bahussuto tipiṭakadharo pañcadasa gāthāsahassāni saṭṭhi padasahassāni latāpupphāni ākaḍḍhanto viya ṭhitapadeneva ṭhatvā gaṇhāti vā vāceti vā deseti vā. Ettako therassa eko uddesamaggo nāma hoti. Therassa hi anupadaṃ uddesaṃ dadamāno añño dātuṃ na sakkoti, na sampāpuṇāti. Sammāsambuddhova sampāpuṇeyya. Evaṃ adhimattasatimā adhimattagatimā adhimattadhitimā <a name="P0.0016"></a> sāvako satthārā temāsaṃ iminā nīhārena desitadesanaṃ vassasataṃ vassasahassaṃ uggaṇhantopi matthakaṃ pāpetuṃ na sakkoti.</p>
    126. 

  126. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ temāsaṃ nirantaraṃ desentassa pana tathāgatassa kabaḷīkārāhārappaṭibaddhaṃ upādinnakasarīraṃ kathaṃ yāpesīti? Paṭijagganeneva. Buddhānañhi so so kālo suvavatthito suparicchinno supaccakkho. Tasmā bhagavā dhammaṃ desentova manussaloke kālaṃ oloketi. So bhikkhācāravelaṃ <a name="M0.0017"></a> sallakkhetvā nimmitabuddhaṃ māpetvā ‘imassa cīvaraggahaṇaṃ pattaggahaṇaṃ sarakutti ākappo ca evarūpo nāma hotu, ettakaṃ nāma dhammaṃ desetū’ti adhiṭṭhāya pattacīvaramādāya anotattadahaṃ gacchati. Devatā nāgalatādantakaṭṭhaṃ denti. Taṃ khāditvā anotattadahe sarīraṃ paṭijaggitvā manosilātale ṭhito surattadupaṭṭaṃ nivāsetvā cīvaraṃ pārupitvā cātumahārājadattiyaṃ selamayaṃ pattaṃ ādāya uttarakuruṃ gacchati. Tato piṇḍapātaṃ āharitvā anotattadahatīre nisinno taṃ paribhuñjitvā divāvihārāya candanavanaṃ gacchati.</p>
    127. 

  127. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammasenāpatisāriputtattheropi</span> tattha gantvā sammāsambuddhassa vattaṃ katvā ekamantaṃ nisīdati. Athassa satthā nayaṃ deti. ‘Sāriputta, ettako dhammo mayā desito’ti ācikkhati. Evaṃ sammāsambuddhe nayaṃ dente paṭisambhidāppattassa aggasāvakassa velante ṭhatvā hatthaṃ pasāretvā dassitasamuddasadisaṃ nayadānaṃ hoti. Therassāpi nayasatena nayasahassena nayasatasahassena bhagavatā desitadhammo upaṭṭhātiyeva.</p>
    128. 

  128. <p class="bodytext">Satthā <a name="V0.0018"></a> divāvihāraṃ nisīditvā dhammaṃ desetuṃ kāya velāya gacchatīti? Sāvatthivāsīnaṃ kulaputtānaṃ sampattānaṃ dhammadesanavelā nāma atthi, tāya velāya gacchati. Dhammaṃ desetvā gacchantaṃ vā āgacchantaṃ vā ke jānanti ke na jānantīti? Mahesakkhā devatā jānanti, appesakkhā devatā na jānanti. Kasmā na jānantīti? Sammāsambuddhassa vā nimmitabuddhassa vā rasmiādīsu nānattābhāvā. Ubhinnampi hi tesaṃ rasmīsu vā saresu vā vacanesu vā nānattaṃ natthi.</p>
    129. 

  129. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāriputtattheropi</span> satthārā desitaṃ desitaṃ dhammaṃ āharitvā attano saddhivihārikānaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ desesi. Tesaṃ ayaṃ pubbayogo – te <a name="P0.0017"></a> kira kassapadasabalassa kāle khuddakavagguliyoniyaṃ nibbattā pabbhāre olambantā dvinnaṃ ābhidhammikabhikkhūnaṃ abhidhammaṃ sajjhāyantānaṃ sare nimittaṃ gahetvā kaṇhapakkhasukkapakkhe ajānitvāpi sare nimittaggāhamattakeneva kālaṃ katvā devaloke nibbattiṃsu. Ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devaloke vasitvā tasmiṃ kāle manussaloke nibbattā yamakapāṭihāriye pasīditvā therassa santike pabbajiṃsu. Thero satthārā desitaṃ desitaṃ dhammaṃ āharitvā tesaṃ desesi. Sammāsambuddhassa abhidhammadesanāpariyosānañca <a name="M0.0018"></a> tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sattappakaraṇauggahaṇañca ekappahāreneva ahosi.</p>
    130. 

  130. <p class="bodytext">Abhidhamme vācanāmaggo nāma <span class="bld">sāriputtattherappabhavo</span>. Mahāpakaraṇe gaṇanacāropi thereneva ṭhapito. Thero hi iminā nīhārena dhammantaraṃ amakkhetvāva sukhaṃ gahetuṃ dhāretuṃ pariyāpuṇituṃ vācetuñca pahotīti gaṇanacāraṃ ṭhapesi. Evaṃ sante therova paṭhamataraṃ ābhidhammiko hotīti? Na hoti. Sammāsambuddhova paṭhamataraṃ ābhidhammiko. So hi naṃ mahābodhipallaṅke nisīditvā paṭivijjhi. Buddho hutvā ca pana sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisinno udānaṃ udānesi –</p>
    131. 

  131. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā,</p>
    132. 

  132. <p class="gatha2">Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa;</p>
    133. 

  133. <p class="gatha3">Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā,</p>
    134. 

  134. <p class="gathalast">Yato <a name="V0.0019"></a> pajānāti sahetudhammaṃ.</p>
    135. 

  135. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā,</p>
    136. 

  136. <p class="gatha2">Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa;</p>
    137. 

  137. <p class="gatha3">Athassa kaṅkhā vapayanti sabbā,</p>
    138. 

  138. <p class="gathalast">Yato khayaṃ paccayānaṃ avedi.</p>
    139. 

  139. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā,</p>
    140. 

  140. <p class="gatha2">Ātāpino jhāyato brāhmaṇassa;</p>
    141. 

  141. <p class="gatha3">Vidhūpayaṃ tiṭṭhati mārasenaṃ,</p>
    142. 

  142. <p class="gathalast">Sūriyova obhāsayamantalikkha’’nti. (mahāva. 1-3; udā. 1-3);</p>
    143. 

  143. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ</span> nāma. Dhammapadabhāṇakā <a name="P0.0018"></a> pana –</p>
    144. 

  144. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;</p>
    145. 

  145. <p class="gathalast">Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.</p>
    146. 

  146. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Gahakāraka diṭṭhosi, puna gehaṃ na kāhasi;</p>
    147. 

  147. <p class="gatha2">Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;</p>
    148. 

  148. <p class="gathalast">Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti. (dha. pa. 153-154);</p>
    149. 

  149. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ <span class="bld">paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ</span> nāmāti vadanti.</p>
    150. 

  150. <p class="bodytext">Yamakasālānamantare <a name="M0.0019"></a> nipannena parinibbānasamaye ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave, āmantayāmi vo, vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādethā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.218) vuttavacanaṃ <span class="bld">pacchimabuddhavacanaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
    151. 

  151. <p class="bodytext">Ubhinnamantare pañcacattālīsa vassāni pupphadāmaṃ ganthentena viya, ratanāvaliṃ āvunantena viya, ca kathito amatappakāsano saddhammo <span class="bld">majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
    152. 

  152. <p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="V0.0020"></a> sabbampi saṅgayhamānaṃ piṭakato <span class="bld">tīṇi piṭakāni</span> honti, nikāyato <span class="bld">pañca nikāyā,</span> aṅgato <span class="bld">navaṅgāni,</span> dhammakkhandhato <span class="bld">caturāsītidhammakkhandhasahassāni</span>. Kathaṃ? Sabbampi hetaṃ piṭakato vinayapiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakanti tippabhedameva hoti. Tattha ubhayāni pātimokkhāni dve vibhaṅgā dvāvīsati khandhakā soḷasa parivārāti idaṃ <span class="bld">vinayapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Brahmajālādicatuttiṃsasuttasaṅgaho dīghanikāyo. Mūlapariyāyasuttādidiyaḍḍhasatadvesuttasaṅgaho majjhimanikāyo. Oghataraṇasuttādisattasuttasahassasattasatadvāsaṭṭhisuttasaṅgaho saṃyuttanikāyo. Cittapariyādānasuttādinavasuttasahassapañcasatasattapaññāsasuttasaṅgaho aṅguttaranikāyo. Khuddakapāṭhadhammapadaudānaitivuttakasuttanipātavimānavatthupetavatthutheragāthātherīgāthājātakaniddesapaṭisambhidāapadānabuddhavaṃsacariyāpiṭakavasena pannarasappabhedo khuddakanikāyoti idaṃ <span class="bld">suttantapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Dhammasaṅgaṇīādīni satta pakaraṇāni <span class="bld">abhidhammapiṭakaṃ</span> nāma. Tattha <a name="P0.0019"></a> –</p>
    153. 

  153. <p class="gatha1">Vividhavisesanayattā, vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ;</p>
    154. 

  154. <p class="gathalast">Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto.</p>
    155. 

  155. <p class="bodytext">Vividhā hi ettha pañcavidhapātimokkhuddesapārājikādisattaāpattikkhandhamātikāvibhaṅgādippabhedā nayā visesabhūtā ca daḷhīkammasithilakaraṇappayojanā anupaññattinayā. Kāyikavācasikaajjhācāranisedhanato cesa kāyaṃ vācañca vineti. Tasmā vividhanayattā visesanayattā kāyavācānañca vinayanato ayaṃ vinayo vinayoti akkhāto. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
    156. 

  156. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Vividhavisesanayattā<a name="M0.0020"></a>, vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ;</p>
    157. 

  157. <p class="gathalast">Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto’’ti.</p>
    158. 

  158. <p class="bodytext">Itaraṃ pana –</p>
    159. 

  159. <p class="gatha1">Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatotha sūdanato;</p>
    160. 

  160. <p class="gathalast">Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca ‘sutta’nti akkhātaṃ.</p>
    161. 

  161. <p class="bodytext">Tañhi <a name="V0.0021"></a> attatthaparatthādibhede atthe sūceti. Suvuttā cettha atthā veneyyajjhāsayānulomena vuttattā. Savati cetaṃ atthe, sassamiva phalaṃ, pasavatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sūdati cetaṃ, dhenu viya khīraṃ, paggharatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suṭṭhu ca ne tāyati rakkhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suttasabhāgañcetaṃ. Yathā hi tacchakānaṃ suttaṃ pamāṇaṃ hoti evametampi viññūnaṃ. Yathā ca suttena saṅgahitāni pupphāni na vikiriyanti na viddhaṃsiyanti evametena saṅgahitā atthā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
    162. 

  162. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatotha sūdanato;</p>
    163. 

  163. <p class="gathalast">Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca suttanti akkhāta’’nti.</p>
    164. 

  164. <p class="bodytext">Abhidhammassa vacanattho vuttoyeva. Aparo nayo –</p>
    165. 

  165. <p class="gatha1">Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;</p>
    166. 

  166. <p class="gathalast">Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto.</p>
    167. 

  167. <p class="bodytext">Ayañhi <a name="P0.0020"></a> abhisaddo vuḍḍhilakkhaṇapūjitaparicchinnādhikesu dissati. Tathā hesa ‘‘bāḷhā me dukkhā vedanā abhikkamanti, no paṭikkamantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.384; saṃ. ni. 5.195) vuḍḍhiyaṃ āgato. ‘‘Yā tā rattiyo abhiññātā abhilakkhitā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.49) lakkhaṇe. ‘‘Rājābhirājā manujindo’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.399; su. ni. 558) pūjite. ‘‘Paṭibalo vinetuṃ abhidhamme abhivinaye’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 85) paricchinne; aññamaññasaṅkaravirahite dhamme ca vinaye cāti vuttaṃ hoti. ‘‘Abhikkantena vaṇṇenā’’tiādīsu (vi. va. 75) adhike.</p>
    168. 

  168. <p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M0.0021"></a> ca ‘‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 163 ādayo) nayena vuḍḍhimantopi dhammā vuttā. ‘‘Rūpārammaṇaṃ vā saddārammaṇaṃ vā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1) nayena ārammaṇādīhi lakkhaṇīyattā salakkhaṇāpi. ‘‘Sekkhā dhammā, asekkhā dhammā, lokuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 11; dukamātikā 12) nayena pūjitāpi; pūjārahāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Phasso <a name="V0.0022"></a> hoti, vedanā hotī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1) nayena sabhāvaparicchinnattā paricchinnāpi. ‘‘Mahaggatā dhammā, appamāṇā dhammā, anuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. tikamātikā 12; dukamātikā 99) nayena adhikāpi dhammā vuttā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –</p>
    169. 

  169. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;</p>
    170. 

  170. <p class="gathalast">Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto’’ti.</p>
    171. 

  171. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panettha avisiṭṭhaṃ, taṃ –</p>
    172. 

  172. <p class="gatha1">Piṭakaṃ piṭakatthavidū, pariyattibbhājanatthato āhu;</p>
    173. 

  173. <p class="gathalast">Tena samodhānetvā, tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā.</p>
    174. 

  174. <p class="bodytext">Pariyattipi hi ‘‘mā piṭakasampadānenā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 3.66) piṭakanti vuccati. ‘‘Atha puriso āgaccheyya kudālapiṭakaṃādāyā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.228; a. ni. 3.70) yaṃkiñci bhājanampi. Tasmā piṭakaṃ piṭakatthavidū pariyattibhājanatthato āhu.</p>
    175. 

  175. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">tena samodhānetvā tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā</span>ti. Tena evaṃ duvidhatthena piṭakasaddena saha samāsaṃ katvā vinayo ca so piṭakañca pariyattibhāvato, tassa tassa atthassa bhājanato cāti vinayapiṭakaṃ. Yathāvutteneva nayena suttantañca taṃ piṭakañcāti suttantapiṭakaṃ. Abhidhammo <a name="P0.0021"></a> ca so piṭakañcāti abhidhammapiṭakanti evamete tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā.</p>
    176. 

  176. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ñatvā ca punapi tesveva piṭakesu nānappakārakosallatthaṃ –</p>
    177. 

  177. <p class="gatha1">Desanāsāsanakathābhedaṃ tesu yathārahaṃ;</p>
    178. 

  178. <p class="gatha2">Sikkhāpahānagambhīrabhāvañca paridīpaye.</p>
    179. 

  179. <p class="gatha3">Pariyattibhedaṃ <a name="V0.0023"></a> sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
    180. 

  180. <p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye.</p>
    181. 

  181. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M0.0022"></a> paridīpanā vibhāvanā ca – etāni hi tīṇi piṭakāni yathākkamaṃ āṇāvohāraparamatthadesanā, yathāparādhayathānulomayathādhammasāsanāni, saṃvarāsaṃvaradiṭṭhiviniveṭhananāmarūpaparicchedakathāti ca vuccanti.</p>
    182. 

  182. <p class="bodytext">Ettha hi vinayapiṭakaṃ āṇārahena bhagavatā āṇābāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">āṇādesanā;</span> suttantapiṭakaṃ vohārakusalena bhagavatā vohārabāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">vohāradesanā;</span> abhidhammapiṭakaṃ paramatthakusalena bhagavatā paramatthabāhullato desitattā <span class="bld">paramatthadesanā</span>ti vuccati.</p>
    183. 

  183. <p class="bodytext">Tathā paṭhamaṃ ye te pacurāparādhā sattā te yathāparādhaṃ ettha sāsitāti <span class="bld">yathāparādhasāsanaṃ;</span> dutiyaṃ anekajjhāsayānusayacariyādhimuttikā sattā yathānulomaṃ ettha sāsitāti <span class="bld">yathānulomasāsanaṃ;</span> tatiyaṃ dhammapuñjamatte ‘ahaṃ mamā’ti saññino sattā yathādhammaṃ ettha sāsitāti <span class="bld">yathādhammasāsana</span>nti vuccati.</p>
    184. 

  184. <p class="bodytext">Tathā paṭhamaṃ ajjhācārapaṭipakkhabhūto saṃvarāsaṃvaro ettha kathitoti <span class="bld">saṃvarāsaṃvarakathā;</span> saṃvarāsaṃvaroti khuddako ceva mahanto ca saṃvarāsaṃvaro, kammākammaṃ viya ca phalāphalaṃ viya ca; dutiyaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhipaṭipakkhabhūtā diṭṭhiviniveṭhanā ettha kathitāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhiviniveṭhanakathā;</span> tatiyaṃ rāgādipaṭipakkhabhūto nāmarūpaparicchedo ettha kathitoti <span class="bld">nāmarūpaparicchedakathā</span>ti vuccati.</p>
    185. 

  185. <p class="bodytext">Tīsupi cetesu tisso sikkhā tīṇi pahānāni catubbidho ca gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo. Tathā hi vinayapiṭake visesena <span class="bld">adhisīlasikkhā</span> vuttā, suttantapiṭake <span class="bld">adhicittasikkhā,</span> abhidhammapiṭake <span class="bld">adhipaññāsikkhā</span>.</p>
    186. 

  186. <p class="bodytext">Vinayapiṭake ca <span class="bld">vītikkamappahānaṃ</span><a name="P0.0022"></a>, kilesānaṃ vītikkamapaṭipakkhattā sīlassa; suttantapiṭake <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃ,</span> pariyuṭṭhānapaṭipakkhattā samādhissa; abhidhammapiṭake <span class="bld">anusayappahānaṃ,</span> anusayapaṭipakkhattā paññāya.</p>
    187. 

  187. <p class="bodytext">Paṭhame <a name="M0.0023"></a><a name="V0.0024"></a> ca <span class="bld">tadaṅgappahānaṃ</span> kilesānaṃ, itaresu <span class="bld">vikkhambhanasamucchedappahānāni</span>. Paṭhame ca <span class="bld">duccaritasaṃkilesassa</span> pahānaṃ, itaresu <span class="bld">taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkilesānaṃ</span> pahānaṃ.</p>
    188. 

  188. <p class="bodytext">Ekamekasmiñcettha catubbidhopi dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhagambhīrabhāvo veditabbo – tattha <span class="bld">dhammo</span>ti tanti. <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti tassāyevattho. <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti tassā manasā vavatthāpitāya tantiyā desanā. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti tantiyā tantiatthassa ca yathābhūtāvabodho. Tīsupi cetesu ete dhammatthadesanāpaṭivedhā. Yasmā sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo mandabuddhīhi dukkhogāhā alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhā ca tasmā gambhīrā. Evaṃ ekamekasmiṃ ettha catubbidhopi gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo.</p>
    189. 

  189. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">dhammo</span>ti hetu. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 720). <span class="bld">Attho</span>ti hetuphalaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti (vibha. 720). <span class="bld">Desanā</span>ti paññatti, yathādhammaṃ dhammābhilāpoti adhippāyo; anulomapaṭilomasaṅkhepavitthārādivasena vā kathanaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti abhisamayo. So ca lokiyalokuttaro. Visayato ca asammohato ca; atthānurūpaṃ dhammesu, dhammānurūpaṃ atthesu, paññattipathānurūpaṃ paññattīsu avabodho. Tesaṃ tesaṃ vā tattha tattha vuttadhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo.</p>
    190. 

  190. <p class="bodytext">Idāni yasmā etesu piṭakesu yaṃ yaṃ dhammajātaṃ vā atthajātaṃ vā yā cāyaṃ yathā yathā ñāpetabbo attho sotūnaṃ ñāṇassa abhimukho hoti tathā tathā tadatthajotikā desanā, yo cettha aviparītāvabodhasaṅkhāto paṭivedho tesaṃ tesaṃ vā dhammānaṃ paṭivijjhitabbo salakkhaṇasaṅkhāto aviparītasabhāvo – sabbampetaṃ anupacitakusalasambhārehi duppaññehi, sasādīhi viya mahāsamuddo, dukkhogāhaṃ alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhañca, tasmā gambhīraṃ. Evampi ekamekasmiṃ ettha catubbidhopi gambhīrabhāvo veditabbo. Ettāvatā ca –</p>
    191. 

  191. <p class="gatha1">Desanāsāsanakathābhedaṃ <a name="P0.0023"></a> tesu yathārahaṃ;</p>
    192. 

  192. <p class="gathalast">Sikkhāpahānagambhīrabhāvañca paridīpayeti –</p>
    193. 

  193. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ gāthā vuttatthā hoti.</p>
    194. 

  194. <p class="gatha1">Pariyattibhedaṃ <a name="M0.0024"></a><a name="V0.0025"></a> sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
    195. 

  195. <p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvayeti.</p>
    196. 

  196. <p class="bodytext">Ettha pana tīsu piṭakesu tividho pariyattibhedo daṭṭhabbo. Tisso hi pariyattiyo – alagaddūpamā nissaraṇatthā bhaṇḍāgārikapariyattīti.</p>
    197. 

  197. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yā duggahitā upārambhādihetu pariyāpuṭā ayaṃ <span class="bld">alagaddūpamā</span>. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso alagaddatthiko alagaddagavesī alagaddapariyesanaṃ caramāno, so passeyya mahantaṃ alagaddaṃ, tamenaṃ bhoge vā naṅguṭṭhe vā gaṇheyya, tassa so alagaddo paṭiparivattitvā hatthe vā bāhāya vā aññatarasmiṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅge ḍaṃseyya, so tato nidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, alagaddassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacce moghapurisā dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti suttaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ, te taṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paññāya atthaṃ na upaparikkhanti, tesaṃ te dhammā paññāya atthaṃ anupaparikkhataṃ na nijjhānaṃ khamanti, te upārambhānisaṃsā ceva dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti itivādappamokkhānisaṃsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti tañcassa atthaṃ nānubhonti. Tesaṃ te dhammā duggahitā dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.238).</p>
    198. 

  198. <p class="bodytext">Yā pana suggahitā sīlakkhandhādipāripūriṃyeva ākaṅkhamānena pariyāpuṭā na upārambhādihetu, ayaṃ nissaraṇatthā. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tesaṃ te dhammā suggahitā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Suggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.239).</p>
    199. 

  199. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana pariññātakkhandho pahīnakileso bhāvitamaggo paṭividdhākuppo <a name="P0.0024"></a> sacchikatanirodho khīṇāsavo kevalaṃ paveṇipālanatthāya vaṃsānurakkhaṇatthāya pariyāpuṇāti, ayaṃ <span class="bld">bhaṇḍāgārikapariyattī</span>ti.</p>
    200. 

  200. <p class="bodytext">Vinaye pana suppaṭipanno bhikkhu sīlasampadaṃ nissāya tisso vijjā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva <a name="V0.0026"></a> ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Sutte suppaṭipanno samādhisampadaṃ nissāya chaḷabhiññā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Abhidhamme suppaṭipanno paññāsampadaṃ nissāya catasso paṭisambhidā <a name="M0.0025"></a> pāpuṇāti tāsañca tattheva pabhedavacanato. Evametesu suppaṭipanno yathākkamena imaṃ vijjāttayachaḷabhiññācatupaṭisambhidāppabhedaṃ sampattiṃ pāpuṇāti.</p>
    201. 

  201. <p class="bodytext">Vinaye pana duppaṭipanno anuññātasukhasamphassaattharaṇapāvuraṇādiphassasāmaññato paṭikkhittesu upādinnakaphassādīsu anavajjasaññī hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘tathāhaṃ bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāmi, yathā yeme antarāyikā dhammā vuttā bhagavatā te paṭisevato nālaṃ antarāyāyā’’ti (pāci. 417; ma. ni. 1.234). Tato dussīlabhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti. Sutte duppaṭipanno ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmi’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 4.5) adhippāyaṃ ajānanto duggahitaṃ gaṇhāti. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘attanā duggahitena amhe ceva abbhācikkhati attānañca khanati bahuñca apuññaṃ pasavatī’’ti (pāci. 417; ma. ni. 1.236). Tato micchādiṭṭhitaṃ pāpuṇāti. Abhidhamme duppaṭipanno dhammacintaṃ atidhāvanto acinteyyānipi cinteti, tato cittakkhepaṃ pāpuṇāti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, acinteyyāni, na cintetabbāni, yāni cintento ummādassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti (a. ni. 4.77). Evametesu duppaṭipanno yathākkamena imaṃ dussīlabhāvamicchādiṭṭhitācittakkhepappabhedaṃ vipattiṃ pāpuṇātīti. Ettāvatā ca –</p>
    202. 

  202. <p class="gatha1">Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;</p>
    203. 

  203. <p class="gathalast">Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvayeti.</p>
    204. 

  204. <p class="bodytext">Ayampi gāthā vuttatthā hoti. Evaṃ nānappakārato piṭakāni ñatvā tesaṃ vasena sabbampetaṃ saṅgayhamānaṃ tīṇi piṭakāni honti.</p>
    205. 

  205. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="P0.0025"></a> nikāyato pañca nikāyāti? Sabbameva hetaṃ dīghanikāyo majjhimanikāyo saṃyuttanikāyo aṅguttaranikāyo khuddakanikāyoti pañcappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha katamo <span class="bld">dīghanikāyo?</span> Tivaggasaṅgahāni brahmajālādīni catuttiṃsa suttāni.</p>
    206. 

  206. <p class="gatha1">Catuttiṃseva <a name="V0.0027"></a> suttantā, tivaggo yassa saṅgaho;</p>
    207. 

  207. <p class="gathalast">Esa dīghanikāyoti, paṭhamo anulomiko.</p>
    208. 

  208. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M0.0026"></a> panesa dīghanikāyoti vuccati? Dīghappamāṇānaṃ suttānaṃ samūhato nivāsato ca. Samūhanivāsā hi nikāyoti vuccanti. ‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā (saṃ. ni. 3.100), poṇikanikāyo, cikkhallikanikāyo’’ti. Evamādīni cettha sādhakāni sāsanato lokato ca. Evaṃ sesānampi nikāyabhāve vacanattho veditabbo.</p>
    209. 

  209. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">majjhimanikāyo</span>? Majjhimappamāṇāni pañcadasavaggasaṅgahāni mūlapariyāyasuttādīni diyaḍḍhasataṃ dve ca suttāni.</p>
    210. 

  210. <p class="gatha1">Diyaḍḍhasatasuttantā, dve ca suttāni yattha so;</p>
    211. 

  211. <p class="gathalast">Nikāyo majjhimo pañca, dasavaggapariggaho.</p>
    212. 

  212. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">saṃyuttanikāyo</span>? Devatāsaṃyuttādivasena ṭhitāni oghataraṇādīni satta suttasahassāni satta suttasatāni ca dvāsaṭṭhi ca suttāni.</p>
    213. 

  213. <p class="gatha1">Satta suttasahassāni, satta suttasatāni ca;</p>
    214. 

  214. <p class="gathalast">Dvāsaṭṭhi ceva suttantā, eso saṃyuttasaṅgaho.</p>
    215. 

  215. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <span class="bld">aṅguttaranikāyo</span>? Ekekaaṅgātirekavasena ṭhitāni cittapariyādānādīni nava suttasahassāni pañca suttasatāni sattapaññāsañca suttāni.</p>
    216. 

  216. <p class="gatha1">Nava suttasahassāni, pañca suttasatāni ca;</p>
    217. 

  217. <p class="gathalast">Sattapaññāsasuttāni, saṅkhyā aṅguttare ayaṃ.</p>
    218. 

  218. <p class="bodytext">Katamo <a name="P0.0026"></a> <span class="bld">khuddakanikāyo</span>? Sakalaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ, abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, khuddakapāṭha, dhammapadādayo <a name="V0.0028"></a> ca pubbe dassitā pañcadasappabhedā; ṭhapetvā cattāro nikāye avasesaṃ buddhavacananti.</p>
    219. 

  219. <p class="gatha1">Ṭhapetvā caturopete, nikāye dīghaādike;</p>
    220. 

  220. <p class="gathalast">Tadaññaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, nikāyo khuddako matoti.</p>
    221. 

  221. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nikāyato pañca nikāyā honti.</p>
    222. 

  222. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M0.0027"></a><a name="V0.0029"></a> aṅgavasena navaṅgānīti? Sabbameva hidaṃ ‘suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedalla’nti navappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha ubhatovibhaṅganiddesakhandhakaparivārā suttanipāte maṅgalasuttaratanasuttanālakasuttatuvaṭṭakasuttāni aññampi ca suttanāmakaṃ tathāgatavacanaṃ <span class="bld">sutta</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Sabbampi sagāthakaṃ suttaṃ <span class="bld">geyya</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Visesena saṃyuttanikāye sakalopi sagāthāvaggo. Sakalampi abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, niggāthakaṃ suttaṃ, yañca aññampi aṭṭhahi aṅgehi asaṅgahitaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, taṃ <span class="bld">veyyākaraṇa</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Dhammapadaṃ theragāthā therīgāthā suttanipāte nosuttanāmikā suddhikagāthā ca <span class="bld">gāthā</span>ti veditabbā. Somanassañāṇamayikagāthāppaṭisaṃyuttā dvāsīti suttantā <span class="bld">udāna</span>nti veditabbaṃ. ‘Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā’tiādinayappavattā (itivu. 1) dasuttarasatasuttantā <span class="bld">itivuttaka</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Apaṇṇakajātakādīni paññāsādhikāni pañca jātakasatāni <span class="bld">jātaka</span>nti veditabbaṃ. ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, acchariyā abbhutā dhammā ānande’’tiādinayapavattā (dī. ni. 2.209; a. ni. 4.129) sabbepi acchariyaabbhutadhammappaṭisaṃyuttā suttantā <span class="bld">abbhutadhamma</span>nti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    223. 

  223. <p class="bodytext">Cūḷavedallamahāvedallasammādiṭṭhisakkapañhasaṅkhārabhājanīyamahāpuṇṇamasuttādayo sabbepi vedañca tuṭṭhiñca laddhā laddhā pucchitasuttantā <span class="bld">vedalla</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Evametaṃ aṅgato navaṅgāni.</p>
    224. 

  224. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ dhammakkhandhato caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānīti? Sabbameva hidaṃ buddhavacanaṃ.</p>
    225. 

  225. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Dvāsīti <a name="P0.0027"></a> buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dve sahassāni bhikkhuto;</p>
    226. 

  226. <p class="gathalast">Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti. (theragā. 1027);</p>
    227. 

  227. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paridīpitadhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassappabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha ekānusandhikaṃ suttaṃ eko dhammakkhandho. Yaṃ anekānusandhikaṃ tattha anusandhivasena dhammakkhandhagaṇanā. Gāthābandhesu pañhāpucchanaṃ eko dhammakkhandho, vissajjanaṃ eko. Abhidhamme ekamekaṃ tikadukabhājanaṃ ekamekañca cittavārabhājanaṃ eko dhammakkhandho. Vinaye atthi vatthu, atthi mātikā, atthi padabhājanīyaṃ, atthi āpatti, atthi anāpatti, atthi <a name="M0.0028"></a> antarāpatti, atthi tikacchedo. Tattha ekameko koṭṭhāso ekameko dhammakkhandhoti veditabbo. Evaṃ dhammakkhandhato caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassāni.</p>
    228. 

  228. <p class="bodytext">Evametaṃ sabbampi buddhavacanaṃ pañcasatikasaṅgītikāle saṅgāyantena mahākassapappamukhena vasīgaṇena ayaṃ dhammo ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ pacchimabuddhavacanaṃ, idaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ, idaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ, idaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, ayaṃ dīghanikāyo…pe… ayaṃ khuddakanikāyo, imāni suttādīni navaṅgāni, imāni caturāsīti dhammakkhandhasahassānīti imaṃ pabhedaṃ vavatthapetvāva saṅgītaṃ. Na kevalañca imameva aññampi uddānasaṅgahavaggasaṅgahapeyyālasaṅgahaekanipātadukanipātādinipātasaṅgahasaṃyuttasaṅgaha paṇṇāsasaṅgahādianekavidhaṃ, tīsu piṭakesu sandissamānaṃ saṅgahappabhedaṃ vavatthapetvāva sattahi māsehi saṅgītaṃ.</p>
    229. 

  229. <p class="bodytext">Saṅgītipariyosāne cassa idaṃ mahākassapattherena dasabalassa sāsanaṃ pañcavassasahassaparimāṇakālaṃ pavattanasamatthaṃ katanti sañjātappamodā sādhukāraṃ viya dadamānā ayaṃ mahāpathavī udakapariyantaṃ katvā anekappakāraṃ kampi saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi. Anekāni ca acchariyāni pāturahesuṃ.</p>
    230. 

  230. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṅgīte panettha ayaṃ abhidhammo piṭakato abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, nikāyato khuddakanikāyo, aṅgato <a name="P0.0028"></a> veyyākaraṇaṃ, dhammakkhandhato katipayāni dhammakkhandhasahassāni honti.</p>
    231. 

  231. <p class="bodytext">Taṃ <a name="V0.0030"></a> dhārayantesu bhikkhūsu pubbe eko bhikkhu sabbasāmayikaparisāya nisīditvā abhidhammato suttaṃ āharitvā dhammaṃ kathento ‘‘rūpakkhandho abyākato, cattāro khandhā siyā kusalā siyā akusalā siyā abyākatā; dasāyatanā abyākatā, dve āyatanā siyā kusalā siyā akusalā siyā abyākatā; soḷasa dhātuyo abyākatā, dve dhātuyo siyā kusalā siyā akusalā siyā abyākatā; samudayasaccaṃ akusalaṃ, maggasaccaṃ kusalaṃ, nirodhasaccaṃ abyākataṃ, dukkhasaccaṃ siyā kusalaṃ siyā akusalaṃ siyā abyākataṃ; dasindriyā abyākatā, domanassindriyaṃ akusalaṃ, anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ kusalaṃ, cattāri indriyāni siyā kusalā siyā abyākatā, cha <a name="M0.0029"></a> indriyāni siyā kusalā siyā akusalā siyā abyākatā’’ti dhammakathaṃ kathesi.</p>
    232. 

  232. <p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ ṭhāne eko bhikkhu nisinno ‘dhammakathika tvaṃ sineruṃ parikkhipanto viya dīghasuttaṃ āharasi, kiṃ suttaṃ nāmeta’nti āha. ‘Abhidhammasuttaṃ nāma, āvuso’ti. ‘Abhidhammasuttaṃ kasmā āharasi? Kiṃ aññaṃ buddhabhāsitaṃ suttaṃ āharituṃ na vaṭṭatī’ti? ‘Abhidhammo kena bhāsito’ti? ‘Na eso buddhabhāsito’ti. ‘Kiṃ pana te, āvuso, vinayapiṭakaṃ uggahita’nti? ‘Na uggahitaṃ, āvuso’ti. ‘Avinayadhāritāya maññe tvaṃ ajānanto evaṃ vadesī’ti. ‘Vinayamattameva, āvuso, uggahita’nti. ‘Tampi te duggahitaṃ, parisapariyante nisīditvā niddāyantena uggahitaṃ bhavissati; tumhādise hi pabbājento vā upasampādento vā sātisāro hoti’. ‘Kiṃ kāraṇā’? Vinayamattassapi duggahitattā; vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘tattha anāpatti, na vivaṇṇetukāmo iṅgha tāva, āvuso, suttantaṃ vā gāthāyo vā abhidhammaṃ vā pariyāpuṇassu, pacchāpi vinayaṃ pariyāpuṇissasī’’ti (pāci. 442) bhaṇati. ‘‘Suttante okāsaṃ kārāpetvā abhidhammaṃ vā vinayaṃ vā pucchati, abhidhamme okāsaṃ kārāpetvā suttantaṃ vā vinayaṃ vā pucchati, vinaye okāsaṃ kārāpetvā suttantaṃ vā abhidhammaṃ vā pucchatī’’ti (pāci. 1221). ‘Tvaṃ pana ettakampi na jānāsī’ti ettakenapi paravādī niggahito hoti.</p>
    233. 

  233. <p class="bodytext">Mahāgosiṅgasuttaṃ pana itopi balavataraṃ. Tatra hi dhammasenāpati <span class="bld">sāriputtatthero</span> aññamaññaṃ pucchitapañhañca vissajjanañca ārocetuṃ satthu santikaṃ gantvā mahāmoggallānattherassa vissajjanaṃ ārocento ‘‘idhāvuso <a name="P0.0029"></a> sāriputta, dve bhikkhū abhidhammakathaṃ kathenti<a name="V0.0031"></a>, te aññamaññaṃ pañhaṃ pucchanti, aññamaññassa pañhaṃ puṭṭhā vissajjenti, no ca saṃsādenti, dhammī ca nesaṃ kathāpavattinī hoti, evarūpena kho, āvuso, sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.343) āha. Satthā ābhidhammikā nāma mama sāsane paribāhirāti avatvā suvaṇṇāliṅgasadisaṃ gīvaṃ unnāmetvā puṇṇacandasassirīkaṃ mahāmukhaṃ pūretvā brahmaghosaṃ nicchārento ‘‘sādhu sādhu <a name="M0.0030"></a> sāriputtā’’ti mahāmoggallānattherassa sādhukāraṃ datvā ‘‘yathā taṃ moggallāno ca sammā byākaramāno byākareyya, moggallāno hi sāriputta dhammakathiko’’ti (ma. ni. 1.343) āha. Ābhidhammikabhikkhūyeva kira dhammakathikā nāma, avasesā dhammakathaṃ kathentāpi na dhammakathikā. Kasmā? Te hi dhammakathaṃ kathentā kammantaraṃ vipākantaraṃ rūpārūpaparicchedaṃ dhammantaraṃ āloḷetvā kathenti. Ābhidhammikā pana dhammantaraṃ na āloḷenti. Tasmā ābhidhammiko bhikkhu dhammaṃ kathetu vā mā vā, pucchitakāle pana pañhaṃ kathessatīti. Ayameva ekantadhammakathiko nāma hoti. Idaṃ sandhāya satthā sādhukāraṃ datvā ‘sukathitaṃ moggallānenā’ti āha.</p>
    234. 

  234. <p class="bodytext">Abhidhammaṃ paṭibāhento imasmiṃ jinacakke pahāraṃ deti, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭibāhati, satthu vesārajjaññāṇaṃ paṭinivatteti, sotukāmaṃ parisaṃ visaṃvādeti, ariyamagge āvaraṇaṃ bandhati, aṭṭhārasasu bhedakaravatthūsu ekasmiṃ sandissati ukkhepanīyakammatajjanīyakammāraho hoti. Taṃ taṃ kammaṃ katvā uyyojetabbo ‘gaccha vighāsādo hutvā jīvissasī’ti.</p>
    235. 

  235. <p class="bodytext">Athāpi evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘sace abhidhammo buddhabhāsito, yathā anekesu suttasahassesu ‘ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharatī’tiādinā nayena nidānaṃ sajjitaṃ, evamassāpi nidānaṃ sajjitaṃ bhaveyyā’’ti. So ‘jātakasuttanipātadhammapadādīnaṃ evarūpaṃ nidānaṃ natthi, na cetāni na buddhabhāsitānī’ti paṭikkhipitvā uttaripi evaṃ vattabbo – ‘paṇḍita, abhidhammo nāmesa sabbaññubuddhānaṃyeva visayo, na aññesaṃ visayo. Buddhānañhi okkanti pākaṭā, abhijāti pākaṭā, abhisambodhi pākaṭā, dhammacakkappavattanaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ <a name="P0.0030"></a> pākaṭaṃ, tidivakkamo pākaṭo, devaloke desitabhāvo pākaṭo, devorohanaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Yathā nāma cakkavattirañño hatthiratanaṃ vā assaratanaṃ vā thenetvā yānake yojetvā vicaraṇaṃ nāma aṭṭhānaṃ akāraṇaṃ; cakkaratanaṃ vā pana thenetvā palālasakaṭe olambitvā vicaraṇaṃ nāma aṭṭhānaṃ akāraṇaṃ; yojanappamāṇaṃ obhāsanasamatthaṃ maṇiratanaṃ vā pana kappāsapacchiyaṃ pakkhipitvā vaḷañjanaṃ <a name="M0.0031"></a><a name="V0.0032"></a> nāma aṭṭhānaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Kasmā? Rājārahabhaṇḍatāya; evameva abhidhammo nāma na aññesaṃ visayo, sabbaññubuddhānaṃyeva visayo. Tesaṃ vasena desetabbadesanā. Buddhānañhi okkanti pākaṭā…pe… devorohanaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Abhidhammassa nidānakiccaṃ nāma natthi paṇḍitā’ti. Na hi sakkā evaṃ vutte paravādinā sahadhammikaṃ udāharaṇaṃ udāharituṃ.</p>
    236. 

  236. <p class="bodytext">Maṇḍalārāmavāsī <span class="bld">tissabhūtitthero</span> pana mahābodhinidāno esa abhidhammo nāmāti dassetuṃ ‘‘yena svāhaṃ, bhikkhave, vihārena paṭhamābhisambuddho viharāmi tassa padesena vihāsi’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.11) imaṃ padesavihārasuttantaṃ āharitvā kathesi. Dasavidho hi padeso nāma – khandhapadeso, āyatanapadeso, dhātupadeso, saccapadeso, indriyapadeso, paccayākārapadeso, satipaṭṭhānapadeso, jhānapadeso, nāmapadeso, dhammapadesoti. Tesu satthā mahābodhimaṇḍe pañcakkhandhe nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ vedanākkhandhavaseneva vihāsi. Dvādasāyatanāni aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo nippadesena paṭivijjhi. Imaṃ temāsaṃ dhammāyatane vedanāvasena dhammadhātuyañca vedanāvaseneva vihāsi. Cattāri saccāni nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ dukkhasacce vedanāvaseneva vihāsi. Bāvīsatindriyāni nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ vedanāpañcakaindriyavasena vihāsi. Dvādasapadikaṃ paccayākāravaṭṭaṃ nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ phassapaccayā vedanāvaseneva vihāsi. Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ vedanāsatipaṭṭhānavaseneva vihāsi. Cattāri <a name="P0.0031"></a> jhānāni nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ jhānaṅgesu vedanāvaseneva vihāsi. Nāmaṃ nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ tattha vedanāvaseneva vihāsi. Dhamme nippadesena paṭivijjhi, imaṃ temāsaṃ vedanāttikavaseneva vihāsīti. Evaṃ thero padesavihārasuttantavasena abhidhammassa nidānaṃ kathesi.</p>
    237. 

  237. <p class="bodytext">Gāmavāsī <span class="bld">sumanadevatthero</span> pana heṭṭhālohapāsāde dhammaṃ parivattento ‘ayaṃ paravādī bāhā paggayha araññe kandanto viya, asakkhikaṃ aḍḍaṃ karonto viya ca, abhidhamme nidānassa atthibhāvampi na jānātī’ti vatvā nidānaṃ kathento evamāha – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā devesu viharati tāvatiṃsesu pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā devānaṃ <a name="M0.0032"></a> tāvatiṃsānaṃ abhidhammakathaṃ kathesi – ‘‘kusalā dhammā, akusalā dhammā, abyākatā dhammā’’ti.</p>
    238. 

  238. <p class="bodytext">Aññesu pana suttesu ekameva nidānaṃ. Abhidhamme <span class="bld">dve nidānāni</span> – adhigamanidānañca desanānidānañca<a name="V0.0033"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">adhigamanidānaṃ</span> dīpaṅkaradasabalato paṭṭhāya yāva mahābodhipallaṅkā veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Desanānidānaṃ</span> yāva dhammacakkappavattanā. Evaṃ ubhayanidānasampannassa panassa abhidhammassa nidānakosallatthaṃ idaṃ tāva <span class="bld">pañhākammaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ – ayaṃ abhidhammo nāma kena pabhāvito? Kattha paripācito? Kattha adhigato? Kadā adhigato? Kena adhigato? Kattha vicito? Kadā vicito? Kena vicito? Kattha desito? Kassatthāya desito? Kimatthaṃ desito? Kehi paṭiggahito? Ke sikkhanti? Ke sikkhitasikkhā? Ke dhārenti? Kassa vacanaṃ? Kenābhatoti?</p>
    239. 

  239. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <span class="bld">vissajjanaṃ – kena pabhāvito</span>ti bodhiabhinīhārasaddhāya pabhāvito. <span class="bld">Kattha paripācito</span>ti aḍḍhachakkesu jātakasatesu. <span class="bld">Kattha adhigato</span>ti bodhimūle. <span class="bld">Kadā adhigato</span>ti visākhāpuṇṇamāsiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Kenādhigato</span>ti sabbaññubuddhena. <span class="bld">Kattha vicito</span>ti bodhimaṇḍe. <span class="bld">Kadā</span> <a name="P0.0032"></a> <span class="bld">vicito</span>ti ratanagharasattāhe. <span class="bld">Kena vicito</span>ti sabbaññubuddhena. <span class="bld">Kattha desito</span>ti devesu tāvatiṃsesu. <span class="bld">Kassatthāya desito</span>ti devatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kimatthaṃ desito</span>ti caturoghaniddharaṇatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Kehi paṭiggahito</span>ti devehi. <span class="bld">Ke sikkhantī</span>ti sekkhā ca puthujjanakalyāṇā ca. <span class="bld">Ke sikkhitasikkhā</span>ti arahanto khīṇāsavā. <span class="bld">Ke dhārentī</span>ti yesaṃ vattati te dhārenti. <span class="bld">Kassa vacana</span>nti bhagavato vacanaṃ, arahato sammāsambuddhassa. <span class="bld">Kenābhato</span>ti ācariyaparamparāya.</p>
    240. 

  240. <p class="bodytext">Ayañhi sāriputtatthero bhaddaji sobhito piyajālī piyapālo piyadassī kosiyaputto siggavo sandeho moggaliputto sudatto dhammiyo dāsako soṇako revatoti evamādīhi yāva tatiyasaṅgītikālā ābhato. Tato uddhaṃ tesaṃyeva sissānusissehīti evaṃ tāva jambudīpatale ācariyaparamparāya ābhato. Imaṃ pana dīpaṃ –</p>
    241. 

  241. <p class="gatha1">Tato <a name="M0.0033"></a> mahindo iṭṭiyo, uttiyo sambalo tathā;</p>
    242. 

  242. <p class="gathalast">Paṇḍito bhaddanāmo ca, ete nāgā mahāpaññā.</p>
    243. 

  243. <p class="centered">Jambudīpā idhāgatāti (pari. 3, 8).</p>
    244. 

  244. <p class="bodytext">Imehi <a name="V0.0034"></a> mahānāgehi ābhato. Tato uddhaṃ tesaṃyeva sissānusissasaṅkhātāya ācariyaparamparāya yāvajjatanakālā ābhato.</p>
    245. 

  245. <p class="title">Sumedhakathā</p>
    246. 

  246. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ābhatassa panassa yaṃ taṃ <span class="bld">dīpaṅkaradasabalato</span> paṭṭhāya yāva mahābodhipallaṅkā adhigamanidānaṃ, yāva dhammacakkappavattanā desanānidānañca vuttaṃ, tassa āvibhāvatthaṃ ayaṃ anupubbikathā veditabbā –</p>
    247. 

  247. <p class="bodytext">Ito kira kappasatasahassādhikānaṃ catunnaṃ asaṅkhyeyyānaṃ matthake amaravatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Tattha <span class="bld">sumedho</span> nāma brāhmaṇo paṭivasati ubhato sujāto, mātito ca pitito ca, saṃsuddhagahaṇiko, yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭā akkhitto anupakuṭṭho jātivādena, abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato. So aññaṃ kammaṃ akatvā brāhmaṇasippameva uggaṇhi. Tassa daharakāleyeva mātāpitaro kālamakaṃsu. Athassa rāsivaḍḍhako amacco āyapotthakaṃ āharitvā suvaṇṇarajatamaṇimuttādipūrite gabbhe vivaritvā ‘ettakaṃ te kumāra mātu santakaṃ, ettakaṃ pitu santakaṃ, ettakā ayyakapayyakānaṃ santakāti yāva sattamā kulaparivaṭṭā dhanaṃ ācikkhitvā etaṃ paṭipajjāhī’ti āha. <span class="bld">Sumedhapaṇḍito</span> cintesi – ‘imaṃ dhanaṃ saṃharitvā mayhaṃ pitupitāmahādayo paralokaṃ gacchantā ekakahāpaṇampi gahetvā na gatā, mayā pana gahetvā gamanakāraṇaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’ti so rañño ārocetvā nagare bheriṃ carāpetvā mahājanassa dānaṃ datvā tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbaji. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne <span class="bld">sumedhakathā</span> kathetabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ <span class="bld">buddhavaṃse</span> (bu. vaṃ. 2.1-33) –</p>
    248. 

  248. <p class="gatha1">Kappe ca satasahasse, caturo ca asaṅkhiye;</p>
    249. 

  249. <p class="gathalast">Amaraṃ nāma nagaraṃ, dassaneyyaṃ manoramaṃ.</p>
    250. 

  250. <p class="gatha1">Dasahi <a name="M0.0034"></a> saddehi avivittaṃ, annapānasamāyutaṃ;</p>
    251. 

  251. <p class="gatha2">Hatthisaddaṃ assasaddaṃ, bherisaṅkharathāni ca;</p>
    252. 

  252. <p class="gathalast">Khādatha pivatha ceva, annapānena ghositaṃ.</p>
    253. 

  253. <p class="gatha1">Nagaraṃ <a name="V0.0035"></a> sabbaṅgasampannaṃ, sabbakammamupāgataṃ;</p>
    254. 

  254. <p class="gatha2">Sattaratanasampannaṃ, nānājanasamākulaṃ;</p>
    255. 

  255. <p class="gathalast">Samiddhaṃ devanagaraṃva, āvāsaṃ puññakamminaṃ.</p>
    256. 

  256. <p class="gatha1">Nagare amaravatiyā, sumedho nāma brāhmaṇo;</p>
    257. 

  257. <p class="gathalast">Anekakoṭisannicayo, pahūtadhanadhaññavā.</p>
    258. 

  258. <p class="gatha1">Ajjhāyako mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedāna pāragū;</p>
    259. 

  259. <p class="gathalast">Lakkhaṇe itihāse ca, sadhamme pāramiṃ gato.</p>
    260. 

  260. <p class="gatha1">Rahogato nisīditvā, evaṃ cintesahaṃ tadā;</p>
    261. 

  261. <p class="gathalast">Dukkho punabbhavo nāma, sarīrassa ca bhedanaṃ.</p>
    262. 

  262. <p class="gatha1">Jātidhammo jarādhammo, byādhidhammo sahaṃ tadā;</p>
    263. 

  263. <p class="gathalast">Ajaraṃ amataṃ khemaṃ, pariyesissāmi nibbutiṃ.</p>
    264. 

  264. <p class="gatha1">Yaṃnūnimaṃ pūtikāyaṃ, nānākuṇapapūritaṃ;</p>
    265. 

  265. <p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gaccheyyaṃ, anapekkho anatthiko.</p>
    266. 

  266. <p class="gatha1">Atthi hehiti so maggo, na so sakkā na hetuye;</p>
    267. 

  267. <p class="gathalast">Pariyesissāmi taṃ maggaṃ, bhavato parimuttiyā.</p>
    268. 

  268. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi dukkhe vijjante, sukhaṃ nāmapi vijjati;</p>
    269. 

  269. <p class="gathalast">Evaṃ bhave vijjamāne, vibhavopi icchitabbako.</p>
    270. 

  270. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi uṇhe vijjante, aparaṃ vijjati sītalaṃ;</p>
    271. 

  271. <p class="gathalast">Evaṃ tividhaggi vijjante, nibbānaṃ icchitabbakaṃ.</p>
    272. 

  272. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi pāpe vijjante, kalyāṇamapi vijjati;</p>
    273. 

  273. <p class="gathalast">Evameva jāti vijjante, ajātipicchitabbakaṃ.</p>
    274. 

  274. <p class="gatha1">Yathā <a name="M0.0035"></a><a name="V0.0036"></a> gūthagato puriso, taḷākaṃ disvāna pūritaṃ;</p>
    275. 

  275. <p class="gathalast">Na gavesati taṃ taḷākaṃ, na doso taḷākassa so.</p>
    276. 

  276. <p class="gatha1">Evaṃ kilesamaladhove, vijjante amatantaḷe;</p>
    277. 

  277. <p class="gathalast">Na gavesati taṃ taḷākaṃ, na doso amatantaḷe.</p>
    278. 

  278. <p class="gatha1">Yathā arīhi pariruddho, vijjante gamanampathe;</p>
    279. 

  279. <p class="gathalast">Na palāyati so puriso, na doso añjasassa so.</p>
    280. 

  280. <p class="gatha1">Evaṃ kilesapariruddho, vijjamāne sive pathe;</p>
    281. 

  281. <p class="gathalast">Na gavesati taṃ maggaṃ, na doso sivamañjase.</p>
    282. 

  282. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi byādhito puriso, vijjamāne tikicchake;</p>
    283. 

  283. <p class="gathalast">Na tikicchāpeti taṃ byādhiṃ, na doso so tikicchake.</p>
    284. 

  284. <p class="gatha1">Evaṃ kilesabyādhīhi, dukkhito paripīḷito;</p>
    285. 

  285. <p class="gathalast">Na gavesati taṃ ācariyaṃ, na doso so vināyake.</p>
    286. 

  286. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi kuṇapaṃ puriso, kaṇṭhe baddhaṃ jigucchiya;</p>
    287. 

  287. <p class="gathalast">Mocayitvāna gaccheyya, sukhī serī sayaṃvasī.</p>
    288. 

  288. <p class="gatha1">Tathevimaṃ pūtikāyaṃ, nānākuṇapasañcayaṃ;</p>
    289. 

  289. <p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gaccheyyaṃ, anapekkho anatthiko.</p>
    290. 

  290. <p class="gatha1">Yathā uccāraṭṭhānamhi, karīsaṃ naranāriyo;</p>
    291. 

  291. <p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gacchanti, anapekkhā anatthikā.</p>
    292. 

  292. <p class="gatha1">Evamevāhaṃ <a name="V0.0037"></a> imaṃ kāyaṃ, nānākuṇapapūritaṃ;</p>
    293. 

  293. <p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gacchissaṃ, vaccaṃ katvā yathā kuṭiṃ.</p>
    294. 

  294. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi jajjaraṃ nāvaṃ, paluggaṃ udagāhiniṃ;</p>
    295. 

  295. <p class="gathalast">Sāmī chaḍḍetvā gacchanti, anapekkhā anatthikā.</p>
    296. 

  296. <p class="gatha1">Evamevāhaṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ, navacchiddaṃ dhuvassavaṃ;</p>
    297. 

  297. <p class="gathalast">Chaḍḍayitvāna gacchissaṃ, jiṇṇanāvaṃva sāmikā.</p>
    298. 

  298. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi puriso corehi, gacchanto bhaṇḍamādiya;</p>
    299. 

  299. <p class="gathalast">Bhaṇḍacchedabhayaṃ disvā, chaḍḍayitvāna gacchati.</p>
    300. 

  300. <p class="gatha1">Evameva <a name="M0.0036"></a> ayaṃ kāyo, mahācorasamo viya;</p>
    301. 

  301. <p class="gathalast">Pahāyimaṃ gamissāmi, kusalacchedanābhayā.</p>
    302. 

  302. <p class="gatha1">Evāhaṃ cintayitvāna, nekakoṭisataṃ dhanaṃ;</p>
    303. 

  303. <p class="gathalast">Nāthānāthānaṃ datvāna, himavantamupāgamiṃ.</p>
    304. 

  304. <p class="gatha1">Himavantassāvidūre, dhammiko nāma pabbato;</p>
    305. 

  305. <p class="gathalast">Assamo sukato mayhaṃ, paṇṇasālā sumāpitā.</p>
    306. 

  306. <p class="gatha1">Caṅkamaṃ tattha māpesiṃ, pañcadosavivajjitaṃ;</p>
    307. 

  307. <p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhaguṇasamupetaṃ, abhiññābalamāhariṃ.</p>
    308. 

  308. <p class="gatha1">Sāṭakaṃ pajahiṃ tattha, navadosamupāgataṃ;</p>
    309. 

  309. <p class="gathalast">Vākacīraṃ nivāsesiṃ, dvādasaguṇamupāgataṃ.</p>
    310. 

  310. <p class="gatha1">Aṭṭhadosasamākiṇṇaṃ<a name="V0.0038"></a>, pajahiṃ paṇṇasālakaṃ;</p>
    311. 

  311. <p class="gathalast">Upāgamiṃ rukkhamūlaṃ, guṇe dasahupāgataṃ.</p>
    312. 

  312. <p class="gatha1">Vāpitaṃ ropitaṃ dhaññaṃ, pajahiṃ niravasesato;</p>
    313. 

  313. <p class="gathalast">Anekaguṇasampannaṃ, pavattaphalamādiyiṃ.</p>
    314. 

  314. <p class="gatha1">Tatthappadhānaṃ padahiṃ, nisajjaṭṭhānacaṅkame;</p>
    315. 

  315. <p class="gathalast">Abbhantaramhi sattāhe, abhiññābala pāpuṇinti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.1-33);</p>
    316. 

  316. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">assamo sukato mayhaṃ, paṇṇasālā sumāpitā</span>ti imissā pāḷiyā sumedhapaṇḍitena assamapaṇṇasālācaṅkamā sahatthā māpitā viya vuttā. Ayaṃ panettha attho – mahāsattañhi ‘‘himavantaṃ ajjhogāhetvā ajja dhammikapabbataṃ pavisissāmī’’ti nikkhantaṃ disvā sakko devānamindo vissakammadevaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘gaccha, tāta, ayaṃ sumedhapaṇḍito ‘pabbajissāmī’ti nikkhanto etassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ māpehī’’ti. So tassa vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā ramaṇīyaṃ assamaṃ suguttaṃ paṇṇasālaṃ, manoramaṃ caṅkamañca māpesi. Bhagavā pana tadā attano puññānubhāvena nipphannaṃ taṃ assamapadaṃ sandhāya ‘‘sāriputta tasmiṃ dhammikapabbate –</p>
    317. 

  317. <p class="gatha1">Assamo <a name="M0.0037"></a> sukato mayhaṃ, paṇṇasālā sumāpitā;</p>
    318. 

  318. <p class="gathalast">Caṅkamaṃ tattha māpesiṃ, pañcadosavivajjita’’nti. –</p>
    319. 

  319. <p class="bodytext">Āha. Tattha <span class="bld">assamo sukato mayha</span>nti sukato mayā. <span class="bld">Paṇṇasālā sumāpitā</span>ti paṇṇacchannā sālāpi me sumāpitā ahosi.</p>
    320. 

  320. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcadosavivajjita</span>nti pañcime caṅkamadosā nāma thaddhavisamatā, antorukkhatā, gahanacchannatā, atisambādhatā, ativisālatāti. Thaddhavisamabhūmibhāgasmiñhi caṅkame caṅkamantassa pādā rujjanti, phoṭā uṭṭhahanti, cittaṃ ekaggataṃ na labhati, kammaṭṭhānaṃ vipajjati. Mudusamatale pana phāsuvihāraṃ āgamma kammaṭṭhānaṃ sampajjati. Tasmā thaddhavisamabhūmibhāgatā eko dosoti veditabbo. Caṅkamanassa anto vā majjhe vā koṭiyaṃ vā <a name="V0.0039"></a> rukkhe sati pamādamāgamma caṅkamantassa nalāṭaṃ vā sīsaṃ vā paṭihaññatīti antorukkhatā dutiyo doso. Tiṇalatādigahanacchanne caṅkame caṅkamanto andhakāravelāyaṃ uragādike pāṇe akkamitvā vā māreti, tehi vā daṭṭho dukkhaṃ āpajjatīti gahanacchannatā tatiyo doso. Atisambādhe caṅkame vitthārato ratanike vā aḍḍharatanike vā caṅkamantassa paricchede pakkhalitvā nakhāpi aṅguliyopi bhijjantīti atisambādhatā catuttho doso. Ativisāle caṅkame caṅkamantassa cittaṃ vidhāvati, ekaggataṃ na labhatīti ativisālatā pañcamo doso. Puthulato pana diyaḍḍharatanaṃ dvīsu passesu ratanamattaanucaṅkamaṃ dīghato saṭṭhihatthaṃ mudutalaṃ samavippakiṇṇavālukaṃ caṅkamaṃ vaṭṭati, cetiyagirimhi dīpappasādakamahāmahindattherassa caṅkamanaṃ viya, tādisaṃ taṃ ahosi. Tenāha ‘‘caṅkamaṃ tattha māpesiṃ, pañcadosavivajjita’’nti.</p>
    321. 

  321. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhaguṇasamupeta</span>nti aṭṭhahi samaṇasukhehi upetaṃ. Aṭṭhimāni samaṇasukhāni nāma dhanadhaññapariggahābhāvo anavajjapiṇḍapariyesanabhāvo, nibbutapiṇḍabhuñjanabhāvo, raṭṭhaṃ pīḷetvā dhanasāraṃ vā sīsakahāpaṇādīni vā gaṇhantesu rājakulesu raṭṭhapīḷanakilesābhāvo, upakaraṇesu nicchandarāgabhāvo, coravilope nibbhayabhāvo, rājarājamahāmaccehi asaṃsaṭṭhabhāvo catūsu disāsu appaṭihatabhāvoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti <a name="M0.0038"></a> ‘‘yathā tasmiṃ assame vasantena sakkā honti imāni aṭṭha samaṇasukhāni vindituṃ, evaṃ aṭṭhaguṇasamupetaṃ taṃ assamaṃ māpesi’’ nti.</p>
    322. 

  322. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhiññābalamāhari</span>nti pacchā tasmiṃ assame vasanto kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā abhiññānañca samāpattīnañca uppādanatthāya aniccato dukkhato vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā thāmappattaṃ vipassanābalaṃ āhariṃ. Yathā tasmiṃ vasanto taṃ balaṃ āharituṃ sakkomi, evaṃ taṃ assamaṃ tassa abhiññatthāya vipassanābalassa anucchavikaṃ katvā māpesinti attho.</p>
    323. 

  323. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāṭakaṃ pajahiṃ tattha, navadosamupāgata</span>nti etthāyaṃ anupubbikathā, tadā kira kuṭileṇacaṅkamādipaṭimaṇḍitaṃ pupphūpagaphalūpagarukkhasañchannaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ madhurasalilāsayaṃ apagatavāḷamigabhiṃsanakasakuṇaṃ pavivekakkhamaṃ assamaṃ māpetvā alaṅkatacaṅkamassa ubhosu antesu ālambanaphalakaṃ saṃvidhāya nisīdanatthāya caṅkamavemajjhe samatalaṃ muggavaṇṇasilaṃ māpetvā antopaṇṇasālāyaṃ jaṭāmaṇḍalavākacīratidaṇḍakuṇḍikādike tāpasaparikkhāre maṇḍape pānīyaghaṭapānīyasaṅkhapānīyasarāvāni aggisālāyaṃ aṅgārakapalladāruādīnīti evaṃ yaṃ yaṃ pabbajitānaṃ <a name="V0.0040"></a> upakārāya saṃvattati, taṃ taṃ sabbaṃ māpetvā paṇṇasālāya bhittiyaṃ ‘‘ye keci pabbajitukāmā ime parikkhāre gahetvā pabbajantū’’ti akkharāni chinditvā devalokameva gate vissakammadevaputte sumedhapaṇḍito himavantapāde girikandarānusārena attano nivāsanānurūpaṃ phāsukaṭṭhānaṃ olokento nadīnivattane vissakammanimmitaṃ sakkadattiyaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ assamaṃ disvā caṅkamakoṭiṃ gantvā padavalañjaṃ apassanto ‘‘dhuvaṃ pabbajitā dhuragāme bhikkhaṃ pariyesitvā kilantarūpā āgantvā paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā nisinnā bhavissantī’’ti cintetvā thokaṃ āgametvā ‘‘ativiya cirāyanti, jānissāmī’’ti paṇṇasālakuṭidvāraṃ vivaritvā anto pavisitvā ito cito ca olokento mahābhittiyaṃ akkharāni vācetvā ‘‘mayhaṃ kappiyaparikkhārā ete, ime gahetvā pabbajissāmī’’ti attanā nivatthapārutaṃ sāṭakayugaṃ pajahi. Tenāha ‘‘sāṭakaṃ pajahiṃ tatthā’’ti. Evaṃ paviṭṭho ahaṃ sāriputta tassaṃ paṇṇasālāyaṃ sāṭakaṃ pajahiṃ.</p>
    324. 

  324. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Navadosamupāgata</span>nti <a name="M0.0039"></a> sāṭakaṃ pajahanto nava dose disvā pajahinti dīpeti. Tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitānañhi sāṭakasmiṃ nava dosā upaṭṭhahanti. Tesu tassa mahagghabhāvo eko doso, parapaṭibaddhatāya uppajjanabhāvo eko, paribhogena lahuṃ kilissanabhāvo eko, kiliṭṭho hi dhovitabbo ca rajitabbo ca hoti, paribhogena lahukaṃ jīraṇabhāvo eko jiṇṇassa hi tunnaṃ vā aggaḷadānaṃ vā kātabbaṃ hoti. Punapariyesanāya durabhisambhavabhāvo eko, tāpasapabbajjāya asāruppabhāvo eko, paccatthikānaṃ sādhāraṇabhāvo eko, yathā hi naṃ paccatthikā na gaṇhanti, evaṃ gopetabbo hoti. Paribhuñjantassa vibhūsanaṭṭhānabhāvo eko, gahetvā carantassa khandhabhāramahicchabhāvo ekoti.</p>
    325. 

  325. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vākacīraṃ nivāsesi</span>nti tadā ahaṃ sāriputta ime nava dose disvā sāṭakaṃ pahāya vākacīraṃ nivāsesiṃ muñjatiṇaṃ hīraṃ hīraṃ katvā ganthetvā kataṃ vākacīraṃ nivāsanapārupanatthāya ādiyinti attho.</p>
    326. 

  326. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvādasaguṇamupāgata</span>nti dvādasahi ānisaṃsehi samannāgataṃ, vākacīrasmiñhi dvādasānisaṃsā – appagghaṃ sundaraṃ kappiyanti ayaṃ tāva eko ānisaṃso, sahatthā kātuṃ sakkāti ayaṃ dutiyo, paribhogena saṇikaṃ kilissati dhoviyamānepi papañco natthīti ayaṃ tatiyo, paribhogena jiṇṇepi sibbitabbābhāvo catuttho, puna pariyesantassa sukhena karaṇabhāvo <a name="V0.0041"></a> pañcamo, tāpasapabbajjāya sāruppabhāvo chaṭṭho, paccatthikānaṃ nirupabhogabhāvo sattamo, paribhuñjantassa vibhūsanaṭṭhānābhāvo aṭṭhamo, dhāraṇe sallahukabhāvo navamo, cīvarapaccaye appicchabhāvo dasamo, vākuppattiyā dhammikaanavajjabhāvo ekādasamo vākacīre naṭṭhepi anapekkhabhāvo dvādasamoti.</p>
    327. 

  327. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhadosasamākiṇṇaṃ, pajahiṃ paṇṇasālaka</span>nti kathaṃ pajahiṃ? So kira varasāṭakayugaṃ omuñcanto cīvaravaṃse laggitaṃ anojapupphadāmasadisaṃ rattavākacīraṃ gahetvā nivāsetvā tassupari aparaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ vākacīraṃ paridahitvā punnāgapupphasantharasadisaṃ sakhuraṃ ajinacammaṃ ekaṃsaṃ katvā jaṭāmaṇḍalaṃ <a name="M0.0040"></a> paṭimuñcitvā cūḷāya saddhiṃ niccalabhāvakaraṇatthaṃ sārasūciṃ pavesetvā muttājālasadisāya sikkāya pavāḷavaṇṇaṃ kuṇḍikaṃ odahitvā tīsu ṭhānesu vaṅkakājaṃ ādāya ekissā kājakoṭiyā kuṇḍikaṃ, ekissā aṅkusakapacchitidaṇḍakādīni olaggetvā khārikājaṃ aṃse katvā dakkhiṇena hatthena kattaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā paṇṇasālato nikkhamitvā saṭṭhihatthe mahācaṅkame aparāparaṃ caṅkamanto attano vesaṃ oloketvā ‘‘mayhaṃ manoratho matthakaṃ patto, sobhati vata me pabbajjā, buddhapaccekabuddhādīhi sabbehipi dhīrapurisehi vaṇṇitā thomitā ayaṃ pabbajjā nāma, pahīnaṃ me gihibandhanaṃ, nikkhantosmi nekkhammaṃ, laddhā me uttamapabbajjā, karissāmi samaṇadhammaṃ, labhissāmi aggaphalasukha’’nti ussāhajāto khārikājaṃ otāretvā caṅkamavemajjhe muggavaṇṇasilāpaṭṭe suvaṇṇapaṭimā viya nisinno divasabhāgaṃ vītināmetvā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā bidalamañcakapasse kaṭṭhattharikāya nipanno sarīraṃ utuṃ gāhāpetvā balavapaccūse pabujjhitvā attano āgamanaṃ āvajjesi ‘‘ahaṃ gharāvāse ādīnavaṃ disvā amitabhogaṃ anantayasaṃ pahāya araññaṃ pavisitvā nekkhamagavesako hutvā pabbajito, ito dāni paṭṭhāya pamādacāraṃ carituṃ na vaṭṭati, pavivekañhi pahāya vicarantaṃ micchāvitakkamakkhikā khādanti, idāni mayā pavivekamanubrūhetuṃ vaṭṭati, ahañhi gharāvāsaṃ palibodhato disvā nikkhanto, ayañca manāpā paṇṇasālā, beluvapakkavaṇṇā paribhaṇḍakatā bhūmi, rajatavaṇṇā setabhittiyo, kapotapādavaṇṇaṃ paṇṇacchadanaṃ, vicittattharaṇavaṇṇo bidalamañcako, nivāsaphāsukaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ, na etto atirekatarā viya me gehasampadā paññāyatī’’ti paṇṇasālāya dose vicinanto aṭṭha dose passi.</p>
    328. 

  328. <p class="bodytext">Paṇṇasālāparibhogasmiñhi aṭṭha ādīnavā – mahāsamārambhena? Dabbasambhāre samodhānetvā karaṇapariyesanabhāvo <a name="V0.0042"></a> eko ādīnavo. Tiṇapaṇṇamattikāsu patitāsu tāsaṃ punappunaṃ ṭhapetabbatāya nibaddhajagganabhāvo <a name="M0.0041"></a> dutiyo, senāsanaṃ nāma mahallakassa pāpuṇāti, avelāya vuṭṭhāpiyamānassa cittekaggatā na hotīti uṭṭhāpanīyabhāvo tatiyo, sītuṇhapaṭighātena kāyassa sukhumālakaraṇabhāvo catuttho, gehaṃ paviṭṭhena yaṃkiñci pāpaṃ sakkā kātunti garahapaṭicchādanabhāvo pañcamo, ‘‘mayha’’nti pariggahakaraṇabhāvo chaṭṭho, gehassa atthibhāvo nāmesa dutiyakavāso viyāti sattamo ūkāmaṅgulagharagoḷikādīnaṃ sādhāraṇatāya bahusādhāraṇabhāvo aṭṭhamoti ime aṭṭha ādīnave disvā mahāsatto paṇṇasālaṃ pajahi. Tenāha ‘‘aṭṭhadosasamākiṇṇaṃ, pajahiṃ paṇṇasālaka’’nti.</p>
    329. 

  329. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upāgamiṃ rukkhamūlaṃ guṇe dasahupāgata</span>nti channaṃ paṭikkhipitvā dasahi guṇehi upetaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ upāgatosmīti vadati.</p>
    330. 

  330. <p class="bodytext">Tatrime dasa guṇā – appasamārambhatā eko guṇo upagamanamattameva hi tattha hotīti. Appaṭijagganatā dutiyo tañhi sammaṭṭhampi asammaṭṭhampi paribhogaphāsukaṃ hotiyeva. Anuṭṭhāpanīyabhāvo tatiyo, garahaṃ nappaṭicchādeti, tattha hi pāpaṃ karonto lajjatīti garahāya appaṭicchādanabhāvo catuttho, abbhokāsāvāso viya kāyaṃ na santhambhetīti kāyassa asanthambhanabhāvo pañcamo. Pariggahakaraṇābhāvo chaṭṭho, gehālayapaṭikkhepo sattamo, bahusādhāraṇagehe viya ‘‘paṭijaggissāmi naṃ, nikkhamathā’’ti nīharaṇābhāvo aṭṭhamo, vasantassa sappītikabhāvo navamo, rukkhamūlasenāsanassa gatagataṭṭhāne sulabhatāya anapekkhabhāvo dasamoti, ime dasa guṇe disvā rukkhamūlaṃ upāgatosmīti vadati.</p>
    331. 

  331. <p class="bodytext">Imāni ettakāni kāraṇāni sallakkhetvā mahāsatto punadivase bhikkhāya gāmaṃ pāvisi. Athassa sampattagāme manussā mahantena ussāhena bhikkhaṃ adaṃsu. So bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā assamaṃ āgamma nisīditvā cintesi ‘‘nāhaṃ ‘āhāraṃ na labhāmī’ti pabbajito siniddhāhāro nāmesa mānamadapurisamade vaḍḍheti. Āhāramūlakassa dukkhassa anto natthi yaṃnūnāhaṃ vāpitaṃ ropitaṃ dhaññanibbattakaṃ āhāraṃ pajahitvā pavattaphalabhojano bhaveyya’’nti. So tato paṭṭhāya tathā <a name="M0.0042"></a> katvā ghaṭento vāyamanto sattāhabbhantareyeva aṭṭha samāpattiyo pañca ca abhiññāyo nibbattesi. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    332. 

  332. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Vāpitaṃ <a name="V0.0043"></a> ropitaṃ dhaññaṃ, pajahiṃ niravasesato;</p>
    333. 

  333. <p class="gathalast">Anekaguṇasampannaṃ, pavattaphalamādiyiṃ.</p>
    334. 

  334. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Tatthappadhānaṃ padahiṃ, nisajjaṭṭhānacaṅkame;</p>
    335. 

  335. <p class="gathalast">Abbhantaramhi sattāhe, abhiññābala pāpuṇi’’nti.</p>
    336. 

  336. <p class="gatha1">Evaṃ me siddhippattassa, vasībhūtassa sāsane;</p>
    337. 

  337. <p class="gathalast">Dīpaṅkaro nāma jino, uppajji lokanāyako.</p>
    338. 

  338. <p class="gatha1">Uppajjante ca jāyante, bujjhante dhammadesane;</p>
    339. 

  339. <p class="gathalast">Caturo nimitte nāddasaṃ, jhānaratisamappito.</p>
    340. 

  340. <p class="gatha1">Paccantadesavisaye, nimantetvā tathāgataṃ;</p>
    341. 

  341. <p class="gathalast">Tassa āgamanaṃ maggaṃ, sodhenti tuṭṭhamānasā.</p>
    342. 

  342. <p class="gatha1">Ahaṃ tena samayena, nikkhamitvā sakassamā;</p>
    343. 

  343. <p class="gathalast">Dhunanto vākacīrāni, gacchāmi ambare tadā.</p>
    344. 

  344. <p class="gatha1">Vedajātaṃ janaṃ disvā, tuṭṭhahaṭṭhaṃ pamoditaṃ;</p>
    345. 

  345. <p class="gathalast">Orohitvāna gaganā, manusse pucchi tāvade.</p>
    346. 

  346. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Tuṭṭhahaṭṭho pamudito, vedajāto mahājano;</p>
    347. 

  347. <p class="gathalast">Kassa sodhīyati maggo, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ’’.</p>
    348. 

  348. <p class="gatha1">Te me puṭṭhā viyākaṃsu ‘‘buddho loke anuttaro;</p>
    349. 

  349. <p class="gatha2">Dīpaṅkaro nāma jino, uppajji lokanāyako;</p>
    350. 

  350. <p class="gathalast">Tassa sodhīyati maggo, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ’’.</p>
    351. 

  351. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Buddho’’ti vacanaṃ sutvāna, pīti uppajji tāvade;</p>
    352. 

  352. <p class="gathalast">‘‘Buddho buddho’’ti kathayanto, somanassaṃ pavedayiṃ.</p>
    353. 

  353. <p class="gatha1">Tattha <a name="V0.0044"></a> ṭhatvā vicintesiṃ, tuṭṭho saṃviggamānaso;</p>
    354. 

  354. <p class="gathalast">‘‘Idha bījāni ropissaṃ, khaṇo ve mā upaccagā’’.</p>
    355. 

  355. <p class="gatha1">Yadi buddhassa sodhetha, ekokāsaṃ dadātha me;</p>
    356. 

  356. <p class="gathalast">Ahampi sodhayissāmi, añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ.</p>
    357. 

  357. <p class="gatha1">Adaṃsu <a name="M0.0043"></a> te mamokāsaṃ, sodhetuṃ añjasaṃ tadā;</p>
    358. 

  358. <p class="gathalast">‘‘Buddho buddho’’ti cintento, maggaṃ sodhemahaṃ tadā.</p>
    359. 

  359. <p class="gatha1">Aniṭṭhite pamokāse, dīpaṅkaro mahāmuni;</p>
    360. 

  360. <p class="gatha2">Catūhi satasahassehi, chaḷabhiññehi tādihi;</p>
    361. 

  361. <p class="gathalast">Khīṇāsavehi vimalehi, paṭipajji añjasaṃ jino.</p>
    362. 

  362. <p class="gatha1">Paccuggamanā vattanti, vajjanti bheriyo bahū;</p>
    363. 

  363. <p class="gathalast">Āmoditā naramarū, sādhukāraṃ pavattayuṃ.</p>
    364. 

  364. <p class="gatha1">Devā manusse passanti, manussāpi ca devatā;</p>
    365. 

  365. <p class="gathalast">Ubhopi te pañjalikā, anuyanti tathāgataṃ.</p>
    366. 

  366. <p class="gatha1">Devā dibbehi turiyehi, manussā mānusehi ca;</p>
    367. 

  367. <p class="gathalast">Ubhopi te vajjayantā, anuyanti tathāgataṃ.</p>
    368. 

  368. <p class="gatha1">Dibbaṃ mandāravaṃ pupphaṃ, padumaṃ pārichattakaṃ;</p>
    369. 

  369. <p class="gathalast">Disodisaṃ okiranti, ākāsanabhagatā marū.</p>
    370. 

  370. <p class="gatha1">Dibbaṃ candanacuṇṇañca, varagandhañca kevalaṃ;</p>
    371. 

  371. <p class="gathalast">Disodisaṃ okiranti, ākāsanabhagatā marū.</p>
    372. 

  372. <p class="gatha1">Campakaṃ <a name="V0.0045"></a> salalaṃ nīpaṃ, nāgapunnāgaketakaṃ;</p>
    373. 

  373. <p class="gathalast">Disodisaṃ ukkhipanti, bhūmitalagatā narā.</p>
    374. 

  374. <p class="gatha1">Kese muñcitvāhaṃ tattha, vākacīrañca cammakaṃ;</p>
    375. 

  375. <p class="gathalast">Kalale pattharitvāna, avakujjo nipajjahaṃ.</p>
    376. 

  376. <p class="gatha1">Akkamitvāna maṃ buddho, saha sissehi gacchatu;</p>
    377. 

  377. <p class="gathalast">Mā naṃ kalale akkamittha, hitāya me bhavissati.</p>
    378. 

  378. <p class="gatha1">Pathaviyaṃ nipannassa, evaṃ me āsi cetaso;</p>
    379. 

  379. <p class="gathalast">‘‘Icchamāno ahaṃ ajja, kilese jhāpaye mama.</p>
    380. 

  380. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ me aññātavesena, dhammaṃ sacchikatenidha;</p>
    381. 

  381. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā, buddho hessaṃ sadevake.</p>
    382. 

  382. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Kiṃ <a name="M0.0044"></a> me ekena tiṇṇena, purisena thāmadassinā;</p>
    383. 

  383. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā, santāressaṃ sadevakaṃ.</p>
    384. 

  384. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Iminā me adhikārena, katena purisuttame;</p>
    385. 

  385. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇitvā, tāremi janataṃ bahuṃ.</p>
    386. 

  386. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Saṃsārasotaṃ chinditvā, viddhaṃsetvā tayo bhave;</p>
    387. 

  387. <p class="gathalast">Dhammanāvaṃ samāruyha, santāressaṃ sadevakaṃ’’.</p>
    388. 

  388. <p class="gatha1">Dīpaṅkaro lokavidū, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho;</p>
    389. 

  389. <p class="gathalast">Ussīsake maṃ ṭhatvāna, idaṃ vacanamabrvi.</p>
    390. 

  390. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Passatha <a name="V0.0046"></a> imaṃ tāpasaṃ, jaṭilaṃ uggatāpanaṃ;</p>
    391. 

  391. <p class="gathalast">Aparimeyye ito kappe, buddho loke bhavissati.</p>
    392. 

  392. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Ahu kapilavhayā rammā, nikkhamitvā tathāgato;</p>
    393. 

  393. <p class="gathalast">Padhānaṃ padahitvāna, katvā dukkarakārikaṃ.</p>
    394. 

  394. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Ajapālarukkhamūle, nisīditvā tathāgato;</p>
    395. 

  395. <p class="gathalast">Tattha pāyāsaṃ paggayha, nerañjaramupehiti.</p>
    396. 

  396. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Nerañjarāya tīramhi, pāyāsaṃ ada so jino;</p>
    397. 

  397. <p class="gathalast">Paṭiyattavaramaggena, bodhimūlamupehiti.</p>
    398. 

  398. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Tato padakkhiṇaṃ katvā, bodhimaṇḍaṃ anuttaro;</p>
    399. 

  399. <p class="gathalast">Assattharukkhamūlamhi, bujjhissati mahāyaso.</p>
    400. 

  400. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Imassa janikā mātā, māyā nāma bhavissati;</p>
    401. 

  401. <p class="gathalast">Pitā suddhodano nāma, ayaṃ hessati gotamo.</p>
    402. 

  402. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Anāsavā vītarāgā, santacittā samāhitā;</p>
    403. 

  403. <p class="gatha1">Kolito upatisso ca, aggā hessanti sāvakā;</p>
    404. 

  404. <p class="gathalast">Ānando nāmupaṭṭhāko, upaṭṭhissatimaṃ jinaṃ.</p>
    405. 

  405. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Khemā uppalavaṇṇā ca, aggā hessanti sāvikā;</p>
    406. 

  406. <p class="gathalast">Anāsavā vītarāgā, santacittā samāhitā.</p>
    407. 

  407. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Bodhi <a name="M0.0045"></a> tassa bhagavato, assatthoti pavuccati;</p>
    408. 

  408. <p class="gatha1">Citto ca hatthāḷavako, aggā hessantupaṭṭhakā;</p>
    409. 

  409. <p class="gathalast">Uttarā nandamātā ca, aggā hessantupaṭṭhikā’’.</p>
    410. 

  410. <p class="gatha1">Idaṃ <a name="V0.0047"></a> sutvāna vacanaṃ, asamassa mahesino;</p>
    411. 

  411. <p class="gathalast">Āmoditā naramarū, buddhabījaṃ kira ayaṃ.</p>
    412. 

  412. <p class="gatha1">Ukkuṭṭhisaddā vattanti, apphoṭenti hasanti ca;</p>
    413. 

  413. <p class="gathalast">Katañjalī namassanti, dasasahassī sadevakā.</p>
    414. 

  414. <p class="gatha1">Yadimassa lokanāthassa, virajjhissāma sāsanaṃ;</p>
    415. 

  415. <p class="gathalast">Anāgatamhi addhāne, hessāma sammukhā imaṃ.</p>
    416. 

  416. <p class="gatha1">Yathā manussā nadiṃ tarantā, paṭititthaṃ virajjhiya;</p>
    417. 

  417. <p class="gathalast">Heṭṭhā titthe gahetvāna, uttaranti mahānadiṃ.</p>
    418. 

  418. <p class="gatha1">Evameva mayaṃ sabbe, yadi muñcāmimaṃ jinaṃ;</p>
    419. 

  419. <p class="gathalast">Anāgatamhi addhāne, hessāma sammukhā imaṃ.</p>
    420. 

  420. <p class="gatha1">Dīpaṅkaro lokavidū, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho;</p>
    421. 

  421. <p class="gathalast">Mama kammaṃ pakittetvā, dakkhiṇaṃ pādamuddhari.</p>
    422. 

  422. <p class="gatha1">Ye tatthāsuṃ jinaputtā, sabbe padakkhiṇamakaṃsu maṃ;</p>
    423. 

  423. <p class="gathalast">Narā nāgā ca gandhabbā, abhivādetvāna pakkamuṃ.</p>
    424. 

  424. <p class="gatha1">Dassanaṃ me atikkante, sasaṅghe lokanāyake;</p>
    425. 

  425. <p class="gathalast">Haṭṭhatuṭṭhena cittena, āsanā vuṭṭhahiṃ tadā.</p>
    426. 

  426. <p class="gatha1">Sukhena sukhito homi, pāmojjena pamodito;</p>
    427. 

  427. <p class="gathalast">Pītiyā ca abhissanno, pallaṅkaṃ ābhujiṃ tadā.</p>
    428. 

  428. <p class="gatha1">Pallaṅkena <a name="V0.0048"></a> nisīditvā, evaṃ cintesahaṃ tadā;</p>
    429. 

  429. <p class="gathalast">‘‘Vasībhūto ahaṃ jhāne, abhiññāpāramiṃ gato.</p>
    430. 

  430. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Dasasahassilokamhi<a name="M0.0046"></a>, isayo natthi me samā;</p>
    431. 

  431. <p class="gathalast">Asamo iddhidhammesu, alabhiṃ īdisaṃ sukhaṃ’’.</p>
    432. 

  432. <p class="gatha1">Pallaṅkābhujane mayhaṃ, dasasahassādhivāsino;</p>
    433. 

  433. <p class="gathalast">Mahānādaṃ pavattesuṃ, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    434. 

  434. <p class="gatha1">Yā pubbe bodhisattānaṃ, pallaṅkavaramābhuje;</p>
    435. 

  435. <p class="gathalast">Nimittāni padissanti, tāni ajja padissare.</p>
    436. 

  436. <p class="gatha1">Sītaṃ byapagataṃ hoti, uṇhañca upasammati;</p>
    437. 

  437. <p class="gathalast">Tāni ajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    438. 

  438. <p class="gatha1">Dasasahassī lokadhātū, nissaddā honti nirākulā;</p>
    439. 

  439. <p class="gathalast">Tāni ajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    440. 

  440. <p class="gatha1">Mahāvātā na vāyanti, na sandanti savantiyo;</p>
    441. 

  441. <p class="gathalast">Tāni ajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    442. 

  442. <p class="gatha1">Thalajā dakajā pupphā, sabbe pupphanti tāvade;</p>
    443. 

  443. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja pupphitā sabbe, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    444. 

  444. <p class="gatha1">Latā vā yadi vā rukkhā, phalabhārā honti tāvade;</p>
    445. 

  445. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja phalitā sabbe, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    446. 

  446. <p class="gatha1">Ākāsaṭṭhā <a name="V0.0049"></a> ca bhūmaṭṭhā, ratanā jotanti tāvade;</p>
    447. 

  447. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja ratanā jotanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    448. 

  448. <p class="gatha1">Mānussakā ca dibbā ca, turiyā vajjanti tāvade;</p>
    449. 

  449. <p class="gathalast">Tepajjubho abhiravanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    450. 

  450. <p class="gatha1">Vicittapupphā gaganā, abhivassanti tāvade;</p>
    451. 

  451. <p class="gathalast">Tepi ajja pavassanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    452. 

  452. <p class="gatha1">Mahāsamuddo ābhujati, dasasahassī pakampati;</p>
    453. 

  453. <p class="gathalast">Tepajjubho abhiravanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    454. 

  454. <p class="gatha1">Nirayepi <a name="M0.0047"></a> dasasahasse, aggī nibbanti tāvade;</p>
    455. 

  455. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja nibbutā aggī, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    456. 

  456. <p class="gatha1">Vimalo hoti sūriyo, sabbā dissanti tārakā;</p>
    457. 

  457. <p class="gathalast">Tepi ajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    458. 

  458. <p class="gatha1">Anovaṭṭhena udakaṃ, mahiyā ubbhijji tāvade;</p>
    459. 

  459. <p class="gathalast">Tampajjubbhijjate mahiyā, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    460. 

  460. <p class="gatha1">Tārāgaṇā virocanti, nakkhattā gaganamaṇḍale;</p>
    461. 

  461. <p class="gathalast">Visākhā candimāyuttā, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    462. 

  462. <p class="gatha1">Bilāsayā darīsayā, nikkhamanti sakāsayā;</p>
    463. 

  463. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja āsayā chuddhā, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    464. 

  464. <p class="gatha1">Na <a name="V0.0050"></a> hoti arati sattānaṃ, santuṭṭhā honti tāvade;</p>
    465. 

  465. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja sabbe santuṭṭhā, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    466. 

  466. <p class="gatha1">Rogā tadupasammanti, jighacchā ca vinassati;</p>
    467. 

  467. <p class="gathalast">Tānipajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    468. 

  468. <p class="gatha1">Rogo tadā tanu hoti, doso moho vinassati;</p>
    469. 

  469. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja vigatā sabbe, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    470. 

  470. <p class="gatha1">Bhayaṃ tadā na bhavati, ajjapetaṃ padissati;</p>
    471. 

  471. <p class="gathalast">Tena liṅgena jānāma, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    472. 

  472. <p class="gatha1">Rajo nuddhaṃsati uddhaṃ, ajjapetaṃ padissati;</p>
    473. 

  473. <p class="gathalast">Tena liṅgena jānāma, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    474. 

  474. <p class="gatha1">Aniṭṭhagandho pakkamati, dibbagandho pavāyati;</p>
    475. 

  475. <p class="gathalast">Sopajja vāyati gandho, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    476. 

  476. <p class="gatha1">Sabbe devā padissanti, ṭhapayitvā arūpino;</p>
    477. 

  477. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja sabbe dissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    478. 

  478. <p class="gatha1">Yāvatā nirayā nāma, sabbe dissanti tāvade;</p>
    479. 

  479. <p class="gathalast">Tepajja sabbe dissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    480. 

  480. <p class="gatha1">Kuṭṭā <a name="M0.0048"></a> kavāṭā selā ca, na hontāvaraṇā tadā;</p>
    481. 

  481. <p class="gathalast">Akāsabhūtā tepajja, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    482. 

  482. <p class="gatha1">Cutī <a name="V0.0051"></a> ca upapatti ca, khaṇe tasmiṃ na vijjati;</p>
    483. 

  483. <p class="gathalast">Tānipajja padissanti, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    484. 

  484. <p class="gatha1">Daḷhaṃ paggaṇha vīriyaṃ, mā nivatta abhikkama;</p>
    485. 

  485. <p class="gathalast">Mayampetaṃ vijānāma, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavissasi.</p>
    486. 

  486. <p class="gatha1">Buddhassa vacanaṃ sutvā, dasasahassīnacūbhayaṃ;</p>
    487. 

  487. <p class="gathalast">Tuṭṭhahaṭṭho pamodito, evaṃ cintesahaṃ tadā.</p>
    488. 

  488. <p class="gatha1">Advejjhavacanā buddhā, amoghavacanā jinā;</p>
    489. 

  489. <p class="gathalast">Vitathaṃ natthi buddhānaṃ, dhuvaṃ buddho bhavāmahaṃ.</p>
    490. 

  490. <p class="gatha1">Yathā khittaṃ nabhe leḍḍu, dhuvaṃ patati bhūmiyaṃ;</p>
    491. 

  491. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva buddhaseṭṭhānaṃ, vacanaṃ dhuvasassataṃ.</p>
    492. 

  492. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi sabbasattānaṃ, maraṇaṃ dhuvasassataṃ;</p>
    493. 

  493. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva buddhaseṭṭhānaṃ, vacanaṃ dhuvasassataṃ.</p>
    494. 

  494. <p class="gatha1">Yathā rattikkhaye patte, sūriyuggamanaṃ dhuvaṃ;</p>
    495. 

  495. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva buddhaseṭṭhānaṃ, vacanaṃ dhuvasassataṃ.</p>
    496. 

  496. <p class="gatha1">Yathā nikkhantasayanassa, sīhassa nadanaṃ dhuvaṃ;</p>
    497. 

  497. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva buddhaseṭṭhānaṃ, vacanaṃ dhuvasassataṃ.</p>
    498. 

  498. <p class="gatha1">Yathā āpannasattānaṃ, bhāramoropanaṃ dhuvaṃ;</p>
    499. 

  499. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva buddhaseṭṭhānaṃ, vacanaṃ dhuvasassataṃ.</p>
    500. 

  500. <p class="gatha1">Handa buddhakare dhamme, vicināmi ito cito;</p>
    501. 

  501. <p class="gathalast">Uddhaṃ adho dasa disā, yāvatā dhammadhātuyā.</p>
    502. 

  502. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, paṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">dānapāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    503. 

  503. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, anuciṇṇaṃ mahāpathaṃ.</p>
    504. 

  504. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ <a name="V0.0052"></a> tvaṃ paṭhamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    505. 

  505. <p class="gathalast">Dānapāramitaṃ gaccha, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    506. 

  506. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi <a name="M0.0049"></a> kumbho sampuṇṇo, yassa kassaci adhokato;</p>
    507. 

  507. <p class="gathalast">Vamate vudakaṃ nissesaṃ, na tattha parirakkhati.</p>
    508. 

  508. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva yācake disvā, hīnamukkaṭṭhamajjhime;</p>
    509. 

  509. <p class="gathalast">Dadāhi dānaṃ nissesaṃ, kumbho viya adhokato.</p>
    510. 

  510. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    511. 

  511. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    512. 

  512. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, dutiyaṃ <span class="bld">sīlapāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    513. 

  513. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    514. 

  514. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ dutiyaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    515. 

  515. <p class="gathalast">Sīlapāramitaṃ gaccha, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    516. 

  516. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi camarī vālaṃ, kismiñci paṭilaggitaṃ;</p>
    517. 

  517. <p class="gathalast">Upeti maraṇaṃ tattha, na vikopeti vāladhiṃ.</p>
    518. 

  518. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva catūsu bhūmīsu, sīlāni paripūraya;</p>
    519. 

  519. <p class="gathalast">Parirakkha sadā sīlaṃ, camarī viya vāladhiṃ.</p>
    520. 

  520. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    521. 

  521. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    522. 

  522. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto <a name="V0.0053"></a> tadādakkhiṃ, tatiyaṃ <span class="bld">nekkhammapāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    523. 

  523. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    524. 

  524. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ tatiyaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    525. 

  525. <p class="gathalast">Nekkhammapāramitaṃ gaccha, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    526. 

  526. <p class="gatha1">Yathā andughare puriso, ciravuttho dukhaṭṭito;</p>
    527. 

  527. <p class="gathalast">Na tattha rāgaṃ janeti, muttimeva gavesati.</p>
    528. 

  528. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvaṃ sabbabhave, passa andugharaṃ viya;</p>
    529. 

  529. <p class="gathalast">Nekkhammābhimukho hoti, bhavato parimuttiyā.</p>
    530. 

  530. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    531. 

  531. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    532. 

  532. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto <a name="M0.0050"></a> tadādakkhiṃ, catutthaṃ <span class="bld">paññāpāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    533. 

  533. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    534. 

  534. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ catutthaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    535. 

  535. <p class="gathalast">Paññāpāramitaṃ gaccha, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    536. 

  536. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi bhikkhu bhikkhanto, hīnamukkaṭṭhamajjhime;</p>
    537. 

  537. <p class="gathalast">Kulāni na vivajjento, evaṃ labhati yāpanaṃ.</p>
    538. 

  538. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvaṃ sabbakālaṃ, paripucchaṃ budhaṃ janaṃ;</p>
    539. 

  539. <p class="gathalast">Paññāpāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    540. 

  540. <p class="gatha1">Na <a name="V0.0054"></a> hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    541. 

  541. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    542. 

  542. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, pañcamaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyapāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    543. 

  543. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    544. 

  544. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ pañcamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    545. 

  545. <p class="gathalast">Vīriyapāramitaṃ gaccha, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    546. 

  546. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi sīho migarājā, nisajjaṭṭhānacaṅkame;</p>
    547. 

  547. <p class="gathalast">Alīnavīriyo hoti, paggahitamano sadā.</p>
    548. 

  548. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvaṃ sabbabhave, paggaṇha vīriyaṃ daḷhaṃ;</p>
    549. 

  549. <p class="gathalast">Vīriyapāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    550. 

  550. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    551. 

  551. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    552. 

  552. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, chaṭṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">khantipāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    553. 

  553. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    554. 

  554. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ chaṭṭhamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    555. 

  555. <p class="gathalast">Tattha advejjhamānaso, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    556. 

  556. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi pathavī nāma, sucimpi asucimpi ca;</p>
    557. 

  557. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaṃ sahati nikkhepaṃ, na karoti paṭighaṃ tayā.</p>
    558. 

  558. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva <a name="M0.0051"></a><a name="V0.0055"></a> tvampi sabbesaṃ, sammānāvamānakkhamo;</p>
    559. 

  559. <p class="gathalast">Khantipāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    560. 

  560. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    561. 

  561. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    562. 

  562. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, sattamaṃ <span class="bld">saccapāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    563. 

  563. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    564. 

  564. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ sattamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    565. 

  565. <p class="gathalast">Tattha advejjhavacano, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    566. 

  566. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi osamī nāma, tulābhūtā sadevake;</p>
    567. 

  567. <p class="gathalast">Samaye utuvasse vā, na vokkamati, vīthito.</p>
    568. 

  568. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvampi saccesu, mā vokkamasi vīthito;</p>
    569. 

  569. <p class="gathalast">Saccapāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    570. 

  570. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    571. 

  571. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    572. 

  572. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, aṭṭhamaṃ adhiṭṭhānapāramiṃ;</p>
    573. 

  573. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    574. 

  574. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ tvaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    575. 

  575. <p class="gathalast">Tattha tvaṃ acalo hutvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    576. 

  576. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi <a name="V0.0056"></a> pabbato selo, acalo suppatiṭṭhito;</p>
    577. 

  577. <p class="gathalast">Na kampati bhusavātehi, sakaṭṭhāneva tiṭṭhati.</p>
    578. 

  578. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvampi adhiṭṭhāne, sabbadā acalo bhava;</p>
    579. 

  579. <p class="gathalast">Adhiṭṭhānapāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    580. 

  580. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    581. 

  581. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    582. 

  582. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, navamaṃ <span class="bld">mettāpāramiṃ</span>;</p>
    583. 

  583. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    584. 

  584. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ <a name="M0.0052"></a> tvaṃ navamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    585. 

  585. <p class="gathalast">Mettāya asamo hohi, yadi bodhiṃ pattumicchasi.</p>
    586. 

  586. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi udakaṃ nāma, kalyāṇe pāpake jane;</p>
    587. 

  587. <p class="gathalast">Samaṃ pharati sītena, pavāheti rajomalaṃ.</p>
    588. 

  588. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvampi hitāhite, samaṃ mettāya bhāvaya;</p>
    589. 

  589. <p class="gathalast">Mettāpāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    590. 

  590. <p class="gatha1">Na hete ettakāyeva, buddhadhammā bhavissare;</p>
    591. 

  591. <p class="gathalast">Aññepi vicinissāmi, ye dhammā bodhipācanā.</p>
    592. 

  592. <p class="gatha1">Vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, dasamaṃ upekkhāpāramiṃ;</p>
    593. 

  593. <p class="gathalast">Pubbakehi mahesīhi, āsevitanisevitaṃ.</p>
    594. 

  594. <p class="gatha1">Imaṃ <a name="V0.0057"></a> tvaṃ dasamaṃ tāva, daḷhaṃ katvā samādiya;</p>
    595. 

  595. <p class="gathalast">Tulābhūto daḷho hutvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    596. 

  596. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi pathavī nāma, nikkhittaṃ asuciṃ suciṃ;</p>
    597. 

  597. <p class="gathalast">Upekkhati ubhopete, kopānunayavajjitā.</p>
    598. 

  598. <p class="gatha1">Tatheva tvampi sukhadukkhe, tulābhūto sadā bhava;</p>
    599. 

  599. <p class="gathalast">Upekkhāpāramitaṃ gantvā, sambodhiṃ pāpuṇissasi.</p>
    600. 

  600. <p class="gatha1">Ettakāyeva te loke, ye dhammā bodhipācanā;</p>
    601. 

  601. <p class="gathalast">Tatuddhaṃ natthi aññatra, daḷhaṃ tattha patiṭṭhaha.</p>
    602. 

  602. <p class="gatha1">Ime dhamme sammasato, sabhāvarasalakkhaṇe;</p>
    603. 

  603. <p class="gathalast">Dhammatejena vasudhā, dasasahassī pakampatha.</p>
    604. 

  604. <p class="gatha1">Calatā ravati pathavī, ucchuyantaṃva pīḷitaṃ;</p>
    605. 

  605. <p class="gathalast">Telayante yathā cakkaṃ, evaṃ kampati medinī.</p>
    606. 

  606. <p class="gatha1">Yāvatā parisā āsi, buddhassa parivesane;</p>
    607. 

  607. <p class="gathalast">Pavedhamānā sā tattha, mucchitā sesi bhūmiyā.</p>
    608. 

  608. <p class="gatha1">Ghaṭānekasahassāni<a name="M0.0053"></a>, kumbhīnañca satā bahū;</p>
    609. 

  609. <p class="gathalast">Sañcuṇṇamathitā tattha, aññamaññaṃ paghaṭṭitā.</p>
    610. 

  610. <p class="gatha1">Ubbiggā tasitā bhītā, bhantā byāthitamānasā;</p>
    611. 

  611. <p class="gathalast">Mahājanā samāgamma, dīpaṅkaramupāgamuṃ.</p>
    612. 

  612. <p class="gatha1">Kiṃ <a name="V0.0058"></a> bhavissati lokassa, kalyāṇamatha pāpakaṃ;</p>
    613. 

  613. <p class="gathalast">Sabbo upadduto loko, taṃ vinodehi cakkhuma.</p>
    614. 

  614. <p class="gatha1">Tesaṃ tadā saññāpesi, dīpaṅkaro mahāmuni;</p>
    615. 

  615. <p class="gathalast">Vissatthā hotha mā bhātha, imasmiṃ pathavikampane.</p>
    616. 

  616. <p class="gatha1">Yamahaṃ ajja byākāsiṃ, buddho loke bhavissati;</p>
    617. 

  617. <p class="gathalast">Eso sammasati dhammaṃ, pubbakaṃ jinasevitaṃ.</p>
    618. 

  618. <p class="gatha1">Tassa sammasato dhammaṃ, buddhabhūmiṃ asesato;</p>
    619. 

  619. <p class="gathalast">Tenāyaṃ kampitā pathavī, dasasahassī sadevake.</p>
    620. 

  620. <p class="gatha1">Buddhassa vacanaṃ sutvā, mano nibbāyi tāvade;</p>
    621. 

  621. <p class="gathalast">Sabbe maṃ upasaṅkamma, punāpi abhivandisuṃ.</p>
    622. 

  622. <p class="gatha1">Samādayitvā buddhaguṇaṃ, daḷhaṃ katvāna mānasaṃ;</p>
    623. 

  623. <p class="gathalast">Dīpaṅkaraṃ namassitvā, āsanā vuṭṭhahiṃ tadā.</p>
    624. 

  624. <p class="gatha1">Dibbaṃ mānusakaṃ pupphaṃ, devā mānusakā ubho;</p>
    625. 

  625. <p class="gathalast">Samokiranti pupphehi, vuṭṭhahantassa āsanā.</p>
    626. 

  626. <p class="gatha1">Vedayanti ca te sotthiṃ, devā mānusakā ubho;</p>
    627. 

  627. <p class="gathalast">Mahantaṃ patthitaṃ tuyhaṃ, taṃ labhassu yathicchitaṃ.</p>
    628. 

  628. <p class="gatha1">Sabbītiyo vivajjantu, soko rogo vinassatu;</p>
    629. 

  629. <p class="gathalast">Mā te bhavantvantarāyā, phusa khippaṃ bodhimuttamaṃ.</p>
    630. 

  630. <p class="gatha1">Yathāpi <a name="V0.0059"></a> samaye patte, pupphanti pupphino dumā;</p>
    631. 

  631. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva tvaṃ mahāvīra, buddhañāṇena pupphasu.</p>
    632. 

  632. <p class="gatha1">Yathā <a name="M0.0054"></a> ye keci sambuddhā, pūrayuṃ dasapāramī;</p>
    633. 

  633. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva tvaṃ mahāvīra, pūrehi dasapāramī.</p>
    634. 

  634. <p class="gatha1">Yathā ye keci sambuddhā, bodhimaṇḍamhi bujjhare;</p>
    635. 

  635. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva tvaṃ mahāvīra, bujjhassu jinabodhiyaṃ.</p>
    636. 

  636. <p class="gatha1">Yathā ye keci sambuddhā, dhammacakkaṃ pavattayuṃ;</p>
    637. 

  637. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva tvaṃ mahāvīra, dhammacakkaṃ pavattaya.</p>
    638. 

  638. <p class="gatha1">Puṇṇamāye yathā cando, parisuddho virocati;</p>
    639. 

  639. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva tvaṃ puṇṇamano, viroca dasasahassiyaṃ.</p>
    640. 

  640. <p class="gatha1">Rāhumutto yathā sūriyo, tāpena atirocati;</p>
    641. 

  641. <p class="gathalast">Tatheva lokā muñcitvā, viroca siriyā tuvaṃ.</p>
    642. 

  642. <p class="gatha1">Yathā yā kāci nadiyo, osaranti mahodadhiṃ;</p>
    643. 

  643. <p class="gathalast">Evaṃ sadevakā lokā, osarantu tavantike.</p>
    644. 

  644. <p class="gatha1">Tehi thutappasattho so, dasa dhamme samādiya;</p>
    645. 

  645. <p class="gathalast">Te dhamme paripūrento, pavanaṃ pāvisī tadā.</p>
    646. 

  646. <p class="centered">Sumedhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    647. 

  647. <p class="gatha1">Tadā te bhojayitvāna, sasaṅghaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;</p>
    648. 

  648. <p class="gathalast">Upagacchuṃ saraṇaṃ tassa, dīpaṅkarassa satthuno.</p>
    649. 

  649. <p class="gatha1">Saraṇāgamane <a name="V0.0060"></a> kañci, nivesesi tathāgato;</p>
    650. 

  650. <p class="gathalast">Kañci pañcasu sīlesu, sīle dasavidhe paraṃ.</p>
    651. 

  651. <p class="gatha1">Kassaci deti sāmaññaṃ, caturo phalamuttame;</p>
    652. 

  652. <p class="gathalast">Kassaci asame dhamme, deti so paṭisambhidā.</p>
    653. 

  653. <p class="gatha1">Kassaci varasamāpattiyo, aṭṭha deti narāsabho;</p>
    654. 

  654. <p class="gathalast">Tisso kassaci vijjāyo, chaḷabhiññā pavecchati.</p>
    655. 

  655. <p class="gatha1">Tena <a name="M0.0055"></a> yogena janakāyaṃ, ovadati mahāmuni;</p>
    656. 

  656. <p class="gathalast">Tena vitthārikaṃ āsi, lokanāthassa sāsanaṃ.</p>
    657. 

  657. <p class="gatha1">Mahāhanusabhakkhandho, dīpaṅkarasanāmako;</p>
    658. 

  658. <p class="gathalast">Bahū jane tārayati, parimoceti duggatiṃ.</p>
    659. 

  659. <p class="gatha1">Bodhaneyyaṃ janaṃ disvā, satasahassepi yojane;</p>
    660. 

  660. <p class="gathalast">Khaṇena upagantvāna, bodheti taṃ mahāmuni.</p>
    661. 

  661. <p class="gatha1">Paṭhamābhisamaye buddho, koṭisatamabodhayi;</p>
    662. 

  662. <p class="gathalast">Dutiyābhisamaye nātho, navutikoṭimabodhayi.</p>
    663. 

  663. <p class="gatha1">Yadā ca devabhavanamhi, buddho dhammadesayi;</p>
    664. 

  664. <p class="gathalast">Navutikoṭisahassānaṃ, tatiyābhisamayo ahu.</p>
    665. 

  665. <p class="gatha1">Sannipātā tayo āsuṃ, dīpaṅkarassa satthuno;</p>
    666. 

  666. <p class="gathalast">Koṭisatasahassānaṃ, paṭhamo āsi samāgamo.</p>
    667. 

  667. <p class="gatha1">Puna <a name="V0.0061"></a> nāradakūṭamhi, pavivekagate jine;</p>
    668. 

  668. <p class="gathalast">Khīṇāsavā vītamalā, samiṃsu satakoṭiyo.</p>
    669. 

  669. <p class="gatha1">Yamhi kāle mahāvīro, sudassanasiluccaye;</p>
    670. 

  670. <p class="gathalast">Navutikoṭisahassehi, pavāresi mahāmuni.</p>
    671. 

  671. <p class="gatha1">Ahaṃ tena samayena, jaṭilo uggatāpano;</p>
    672. 

  672. <p class="gathalast">Antalikkhamhi caraṇo, pañcābhiññāsu pāragū.</p>
    673. 

  673. <p class="gatha1">Dasavīsasahassānaṃ, dhammābhisamayo ahu;</p>
    674. 

  674. <p class="gathalast">Ekadvinnaṃ abhisamayā, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyā.</p>
    675. 

  675. <p class="gatha1">Vitthārikaṃ bāhujaññaṃ, iddhaṃ phītaṃ ahu tadā;</p>
    676. 

  676. <p class="gathalast">Dīpaṅkarassa bhagavato, sāsanaṃ suvisodhitaṃ.</p>
    677. 

  677. <p class="gatha1">Cattāri satasahassāni, chaḷabhiññā mahiddhikā;</p>
    678. 

  678. <p class="gathalast">Dīpaṅkaraṃ lokaviduṃ, parivārenti sabbadā.</p>
    679. 

  679. <p class="gatha1">Ye <a name="M0.0056"></a> keci tena samayena, jahanti mānusaṃ bhavaṃ;</p>
    680. 

  680. <p class="gathalast">Appattamānasā sekhā, garahitā bhavanti te.</p>
    681. 

  681. <p class="gatha1">Supupphitaṃ pāvacanaṃ, arahantehi tādihi;</p>
    682. 

  682. <p class="gathalast">Khīṇāsavehi vimalehi, upasobhati sadevake.</p>
    683. 

  683. <p class="gatha1">Nagaraṃ rammavatī nāma, sudevo nāma khattiyo;</p>
    684. 

  684. <p class="gathalast">Sumedhā nāma janikā, dīpaṅkarassa satthuno.</p>
    685. 

  685. <p class="gatha1">Sumaṅgalo <a name="V0.0062"></a> ca tisso ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvakā;</p>
    686. 

  686. <p class="gathalast">Sāgato nāmupaṭṭhāko, dīpaṅkarassa satthuno.</p>
    687. 

  687. <p class="gatha1">Nandā ceva sunandā ca, ahesuṃ aggasāvikā;</p>
    688. 

  688. <p class="gathalast">Bodhi tassa bhagavato, pipphalīti pavuccati.</p>
    689. 

  689. <p class="gatha1">Asītihatthamubbedho, dīpaṅkaro mahāmuni;</p>
    690. 

  690. <p class="gatha1">Sobhati dīparukkhova, sālarājāva pupphito;</p>
    691. 

  691. <p class="gathalast">Pabhā vidhāvati tassa, samantā dvādasayojane.</p>
    692. 

  692. <p class="gatha1">Satasahassavassāni, āyu tassa mahesino;</p>
    693. 

  693. <p class="gathalast">Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.</p>
    694. 

  694. <p class="gatha1">Jotayitvāna saddhammaṃ, santāretvā mahājanaṃ;</p>
    695. 

  695. <p class="gathalast">Jalitvā aggikkhandhova, nibbuto so sasāvako.</p>
    696. 

  696. <p class="gatha1">Sā ca iddhi so ca yaso, tāni ca pādesu cakkaratanāni;</p>
    697. 

  697. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaṃ tamantarahitaṃ, nanu rittā sabbasaṅkhārāti.</p>
    698. 

  698. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīpaṅkarassa</span> bhagavato aparabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ atikkamitvā <span class="bld">koṇḍañño</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā ahesuṃ. Paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassaṃ. Dutiye koṭisahassaṃ, tatiye navutikoṭiyo.</p>
    699. 

  699. <p class="bodytext">Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">vijitāvī</span> nāma cakkavattī hutvā koṭisatasahassasaṅkhassa buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ adāsi. Satthā bodhisattaṃ ‘‘buddho bhavissatī’’ti byākaritvā dhammaṃ desesi. So satthu <a name="M0.0057"></a> dhammakathaṃ sutvā rajjaṃ niyyātetvā pabbaji. So tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo, pañca ca abhiññāyo uppādetvā aparihīnajjhāno brahmaloke nibbatti. Koṇḍaññabuddhassa pana rammavatī nāma nagaraṃ, sunando nāma khattiyo pitā, sujātā <a name="V0.0063"></a> nāma mātā, bhaddo ca subhaddo ca dve aggasāvakā, anuruddho nāma upaṭṭhāko, tissā ca upatissā ca dve aggasāvikā, sālakalyāṇī bodhi, aṭṭhāsītihatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ, vassasatasahassaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi.</p>
    700. 

  700. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ atikkamitvā ekasmiṃyeva kappe cattāro buddhā nibbattiṃsu <span class="bld">maṅgalo sumano revato sobhito</span>ti. <span class="bld">Maṅgalassa</span> pana bhagavato tīsu sāvakasannipātesu paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ. Dutiye koṭisahassaṃ. Tatiye navutikoṭiyo. Vemātikabhātā panassa ānandakumāro nāma navutikoṭisaṅkhyāya parisāya saddhiṃ dhammasavanatthāya satthu santikaṃ agamāsi, satthā tassa anupubbikathaṃ kathesi. So saddhiṃ parisāya saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Satthā tesaṃ kulaputtānaṃ pubbacariyakaṃ olokento iddhimayapattacīvarassa upanissayaṃ disvā dakkhiṇahatthaṃ pasāretvā ‘‘etha bhikkhavo’’ti āha. Sabbe taṅkhaṇaññeva iddhimayapattacīvaradharā saṭṭhivassikattherā viya ākappasampannā hutvā satthāraṃ vanditvā parivārayiṃsu ayamassa tatiyo sāvakasannipāto ahosi.</p>
    701. 

  701. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana aññesaṃ buddhānaṃ samantā asītihatthappamāṇāyeva sarīrappabhā hoti, na, evaṃ tassa. Tassa pana bhagavato sarīrappabhā niccakālaṃ dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi. Rukkhapathavīpabbatasamuddādayo antamaso ukkhaliyādīni upādāya suvaṇṇapaṭa pariyonaddhā viya ahesuṃ. Āyuppamāṇaṃ panassa navutivassasahassāni ahosi. Ettakaṃ kālaṃ candimasūriyādayo attano pabhāya virocituṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, rattindivaparicchedo na paññāyittha. Divā sūriyālokena viya sattā niccaṃ buddhālokeneva vicariṃsu. Sāyaṃ pupphitānaṃ kusumānaṃ, pāto ravanakasakuṇānañca vasena loko rattindivaparicchedaṃ sallakkhesi<a name="M0.0058"></a>. Kiṃ pana aññesaṃ buddhānaṃ ayamānubhāvo natthīti? No natthi, tepi hi ākaṅkhamānā dasasahassiṃ vā lokadhātuṃ, tato vā bhiyyo ābhāya phareyyuṃ. Maṅgalassa pana bhagavato pubbapatthanāvasena aññesaṃ byāmappabhā viya sarīrappabhā niccameva dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi.</p>
    702. 

  702. <p class="bodytext">So kira bodhisattacariyakāle vessantarasadise attabhāve ṭhito saputtadāro vaṅkapabbatasadise pabbate vasi. Atheko kharadāṭhiko nāma yakkho mahāpurisassa dānajjhāsayataṃ sutvā brāhmaṇavaṇṇena upasaṅkamitvā mahāsattaṃ dve dārake yāci. Mahāsatto ‘‘dadāmi <a name="V0.0064"></a> brāhmaṇassa puttake’’ti haṭṭhapahaṭṭho udakapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ kampento dvepi dārake adāsi. Yakkho caṅkamanakoṭiyaṃ ālambanaphalakaṃ nissāya ṭhatvā passantasseva mahāsattassa muḷālakalāpaṃ viya dve dārake khādi. Mahāpurisassa yakkhaṃ oloketvā vivaṭamatte aggijālaṃ viya lohitadhāraṃ uggiramānaṃ tassa mukhaṃ disvāpi kesaggamattampi domanassaṃ nuppajji, ‘‘sudinnaṃ vata me dāna’’nti cintayato panassa sarīre mahantaṃ pītisomanassaṃ udapādi. So ‘‘imassa me nissandena anāgate imināva nīhārena sarīrato rasmiyo nikkhamantū’’ti patthanaṃ akāsi. Tassa taṃ patthanaṃ nissāya buddhabhūtassa sarīrato rasmiyo nikkhamitvā ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ phariṃsu.</p>
    703. 

  703. <p class="bodytext">Aparampissa pubbacaritaṃ atthi. So kira bodhisattakāle ekassa buddhassa cetiyaṃ disvā ‘‘imassa buddhassa mayā jīvitaṃ pariccajituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti daṇḍakadīpikāveṭhananiyāmena sakalasarīraṃ veṭhāpetvā ratanamattamakulaṃ satasahassagghanikaṃ suvaṇṇapātiṃ sappissa pūrāpetvā tattha sahassavaṭṭiyo jālāpetvā taṃ sīsenādāya sakalasarīraṃ jālāpetvā cetiyaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ karonto sakalarattiṃ vītināmesi. Evaṃ yāva aruṇuggamanā vāyamantassāpissa lomakūpamattampi usumaṃ na gaṇhi, padumagabbhaṃ paviṭṭhakālo viya ahosi. Dhammo hi nāmesa attānaṃ rakkhantaṃ rakkhati. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
    704. 

  704. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Dhammo <a name="M0.0059"></a> have rakkhati dhammacāriṃ,</p>
    705. 

  705. <p class="gatha2">Dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahāti;</p>
    706. 

  706. <p class="gatha3">Esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe,</p>
    707. 

  707. <p class="gathalast">Na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārī’’ti. (theragā. 303; jā. 1.10.102; 1.15.385);</p>
    708. 

  708. <p class="bodytext">Imassāpi kammassa nissandena tassa bhagavato sarīrobhāso dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi.</p>
    709. 

  709. <p class="bodytext">Tadā amhākaṃ bodhisatto <span class="bld">suruci</span> nāma brāhmaṇo hutvā ‘‘satthāraṃ nimantessāmī’’ti upasaṅkamitvā madhuradhammakathaṃ sutvā ‘‘sve mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhatha bhante’’ti āha. Brāhmaṇa kittakehi <a name="V0.0065"></a> te bhikkhūhi atthoti, kittakā pana vo bhante parivārā bhikkhūti. Tadā satthu paṭhamasannipātoyeva hoti. Tasmā ‘‘koṭisatasahassa’’nti āha. ‘‘Bhante, sabbehipi saddhiṃ mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti āha. Satthā adhivāsesi. Brāhmaṇo svātanāya nimantetvā gehaṃ gacchanto cintesi ‘‘ahaṃ ettakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ yāgubhattavatthādīni dātuṃ no na sakkomi, nisīdanaṭṭhānaṃ pana kathaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Tassa sā cintā caturāsītiyojanasahassamatthake ṭhitassa devarañño paṇḍukambalasilāsanassa uṇhabhāvaṃ janesi. Sakko ‘‘ko nu kho maṃ imasmā ṭhānā cāvetukāmo’’ti dibbacakkhunā olokento mahāpurisaṃ disvā ‘‘ayaṃ suruci brāhmaṇo buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā nisīdanaṭṭhānatthāya cintesi, mayāpi tattha gantvā puññakoṭṭhāsaṃ gahetuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vaḍḍhakivaṇṇaṃ nimminitvā vāsipharasuhattho mahāpurisassa purato pāturahosi. ‘‘Atthi nu kho kassaci bhatiyā kattabbakicca’’nti āha. Mahāpuriso taṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ kammaṃ karissasī’’ti āha. Mama ajānanasippaṃ nāma natthi, gehaṃ vā maṇḍapaṃ vā yo yaṃ kāreti, tassa taṃ kātuṃ jānāmīti. Tena hi mayhaṃ kammaṃ atthīti. Kiṃ, ayyāti? Svātanāya me koṭisatasahassabhikkhū nimantitā, tesaṃ nisīdanamaṇḍapaṃ karissasīti. Ahaṃ nāma kareyyaṃ, sace me bhatiṃ dātuṃ sakkhissathāti. Sakkhissāmi, tātāti. ‘‘Sādhu karissāmī’’ti gantvā ekaṃ padesaṃ olokesi.</p>
    710. 

  710. <p class="bodytext">Dvādasaterasayojanappamāṇo <a name="M0.0060"></a> padeso kasiṇamaṇḍalaṃ viya samatalo ahosi. So ‘‘ettake ṭhāne sattaratanamayo maṇḍapo uṭṭhahatū’’ti cintetvā olokesi. Tāvadeva pathaviṃ bhinditvā maṇḍapo uṭṭhahi. Tassa suvaṇṇamayesu thambhesu rajatamayā ghaṭakā ahesuṃ, rajatamayesu thambhesu suvaṇṇamayā, maṇitthambhesu pavāḷamayā, pavāḷatthambhesu maṇimayā, sattaratanamayesu thambhesu sattaratanamayāva ghaṭakā ahesuṃ. Tato ‘‘maṇḍapassa antarantena kiṅkiṇikajālaṃ olambatū’’ti olokesi. Saha olokaneneva kiṅkiṇikajālaṃ olambi, yassa mandavāteritassa pañcaṅgikasseva tūriyassa madhurasaddo niggacchati. Dibbasaṅgītivattanakālo viya ahosi. ‘‘Antarantarā gandhadāmamālādāmāni olambantū’’ti cintesi. Tāvadeva dāmāni olambiṃsu. ‘‘Koṭisatasahassasaṅkhyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ āsanāni ca ādhārakāni ca pathaviṃ bhinditvā uṭṭhahantū’’ti cintesi. Tāvadeva uṭṭhahiṃsu. ‘‘Koṇe koṇe ekekā udakacāṭiyo uṭṭhahantū’’ti cintesi, tāvadeva udakacāṭiyo uṭṭhahiṃsu ettakaṃ māpetvā brāhmaṇassa santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘ehi ayya tava maṇḍapaṃ oloketvā mayhaṃ bhatiṃ dehī’’ti āha. Mahāpuriso gantvā maṇḍapaṃ olokesi<a name="V0.0066"></a>. Olokentassevassa sakalasarīraṃ pañcavaṇṇāya pītiyā nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ ahosi. Athassa maṇḍapaṃ oloketvā etadahosi ‘‘nāyaṃ maṇḍapo manussabhūtena kato, mayhaṃ pana ajjhāsayaṃ mayhaṃ guṇaṃ āgamma addhā sakkassa bhavanaṃ uṇhaṃ ahosi. Tato sakkena devaraññā ayaṃ maṇḍapo kārito bhavissatī’’ti. ‘‘Na kho pana me yuttaṃ evarūpe maṇḍape ekadivasaṃyeva dānaṃ dātuṃ, sattāhaṃ dassāmī’’ti cintesi.</p>
    711. 

  711. <p class="bodytext">Bāhirakadānañhi tattakampi samānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ tuṭṭhiṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti. Alaṅkatasīsaṃ pana chinditvā añjitaakkhīni uppāṭetvā, hadayamaṃsaṃ vā uppāṭetvā dinnakāle bodhisattānaṃ cāgaṃ nissāya tuṭṭhi nāma hoti. Amhākampi hi bodhisattassa sivijātake devasikaṃ pañcasatasahassakahāpaṇāni vissajjetvā catūsu nagaradvāresu, majjhe nagare ca dānaṃ dadantassa taṃ dānaṃ tuṭṭhiṃ uppādetuṃ nāsakkhi. Yadā panassa brāhmaṇavaṇṇena āgantvā sakko devarājā akkhīni yāci, tadā tāni uppāṭetvā <a name="M0.0061"></a> dadamānasseva hāso uppajji, kesaggamattampi cittassa aññathattaṃ nāhosi. Evaṃ dānaṃ nissāya bodhisattānaṃ titti nāma natthi. Tasmā sopi mahāpuriso ‘‘sattāhaṃ mayā koṭisatasahassasaṅkhyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dānaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti cintetvā tasmiṃ maṇḍape buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nisīdāpetvā sattāhaṃ gavapānaṃ nāma adāsi. Gavapānanti mahante mahante kolambe khīrassa pūretvā uddhanesu āropetvā ghanapākapakke khīre thoke taṇḍule pakkhipitvā pakkamadhusakkaracuṇṇasappīhi abhisaṅkhataṃ bhojanaṃ vuccati. Manussāyeva pana parivisituṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, devāpi ekantarikā hutvā parivisiṃsu. Dvādasaterasayojanappamāṇaṃ ṭhānampi bhikkhū gaṇhituṃ nappahotiyeva. Te pana bhikkhū attano ānubhāvena nisīdiṃsu. Pariyosānadivase sabbabhikkhūnaṃ pattāni dhovāpetvā bhesajjatthāya sappinavanītatelamadhuphāṇitānaṃ pūretvā ticīvarehi saddhiṃ adāsi. Saṅghanavakabhikkhunā laddhaticīvarasāṭakā satasahassagghanikā ahesuṃ. Satthā anumodanaṃ karonto ‘‘ayaṃ puriso evarūpaṃ mahādānaṃ adāsi, ko nu kho bhavissatī’’ti upadhārento ‘‘anāgate kappasatasahassādhikānaṃ dvinnaṃ asaṅkhyeyyānaṃ matthake gotamo nāma buddho bhavissatī’’ti disvā mahāpurisaṃ āmantetvā ‘‘tvaṃ ettakaṃ nāma kālaṃ atikkamitvā gotamo nāma buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    712. 

  712. <p class="bodytext">Mahāpuriso byākaraṇaṃ sutvā ‘‘ahaṃ kira buddho bhavissāmi, ko me gharāvāsena attho<a name="V0.0067"></a>, pabbajissāmī’’ti cintetvā tathārūpaṃ sampattiṃ kheḷapiṇḍaṃ viya pahāya satthu santike pabbaji. Pabbajitvā ca buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhitvā abhiññā, samāpattiyo ca nibbattetvā āyupariyosane brahmaloke nibbatti.</p>
    713. 

  713. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Maṅgalassa</span> pana bhagavato uttaraṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi. Pitāpi uttaro nāma khattiyo, mātāpi uttarā nāma, sudevo ca dhammaseno ca dve aggasāvakā, pālito nāma upaṭṭhāko, sīvalī ca asokā ca dve aggasāvikā, nāgarukkho bodhi, aṭṭhāsītihatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ ahosi. Navutivassasahassāni ṭhatvā parinibbute pana tasmiṃ ekappahāreneva <a name="M0.0062"></a> dasacakkavāḷasahassāni ekandhakārāni ahesuṃ. Sabbacakkavāḷesu manussānaṃ mahantaṃ ārodanaparidevanaṃ ahosi.</p>
    714. 

  714. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ dasasahassilokadhātuṃ andhakāraṃ katvā parinibbutassa tassa bhagavato aparabhāge <span class="bld">sumano</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ. Dutiye kañcanapabbatamhi navutikoṭisahassāni, tatiye asītikoṭisahassāni. Tadā mahāsatto <span class="bld">atulo</span> nāma nāgarājā ahosi mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo, so ‘‘buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā ñātisaṅghaparivuto nāgabhavanā nikkhamitvā koṭisatasahassabhikkhuparivārassa tassa bhagavato dibbatūriyehi upahāraṃ kārāpetvā mahādānaṃ pavattetvā paccekaṃ dussayugāni datvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāsi. Sopi naṃ satthā ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    715. 

  715. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato nagaraṃ mekhalaṃ nāma ahosi, sudatto nāma rājā pitā, sirimā nāma mātā, saraṇo ca bhāvitatto ca dve aggasāvakā, udeno nāma upaṭṭhāko, soṇā ca upasoṇā ca dve aggasāvikā, nāgarukkhova bodhi, navutihatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ, navutiyeva vassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosīti.</p>
    716. 

  716. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">revato</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā ahesuṃ, paṭhamasannipāte gaṇanā nāma natthi, dutiye koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, tathā tatiye. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">atidevo</span> nāma brāhmaṇo hutvā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya sirasmiṃ añjaliṃ <a name="V0.0068"></a> ṭhapetvā tassa satthuno kilesappahāne vaṇṇaṃ vatvā uttarāsaṅgena pūjamakāsi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    717. 

  717. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana bhagavato nagaraṃ sudhaññavatī nāma ahosi, pitā vipulo nāma khattiyo, mātāpi vipulā nāma, varuṇo ca brahmadevo ca dve aggasāvakā, sambhavo nāma upaṭṭhāko, bhaddā ca subhaddā ca dve aggasāvikā, nāgarukkhova bodhi, sarīraṃ asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, āyu saṭṭhivassasahassānīti.</p>
    718. 

  718. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="M0.0063"></a> aparabhāge <span class="bld">sobhito</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭiyo, tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">ajito</span> nāma brāhmaṇo hutvā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ adāsi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    719. 

  719. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana bhagavato nagaraṃ sudhammaṃ nāma ahosi, pitā sudhammo nāma rājā, mātāpi sudhammā nāma, asamo ca sunetto ca dve aggasāvakā, anomo nāma upaṭṭhāko, nakulā ca sujātā ca dve aggasāvikā, nāgarukkhova bodhi, aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ ahosi, navuti vassasahassāni āyuppamāṇanti.</p>
    720. 

  720. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ atikkamitvā ekasmiṃyeva kappe tayo buddhā nibbattiṃsu <span class="bld">anomadassī, padumo, nārado</span>ti. <span class="bld">Anomadassissa</span> bhagavato tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhame aṭṭha bhikkhusatasahassāni ahesuṃ, dutiye satta, tatiye cha tadā bodhisatto eko <span class="bld">yakkhasenāpati</span> ahosi mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo anekakoṭisatasahassānaṃ yakkhānaṃ adhipati. So ‘‘buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā āgantvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ adāsi. Satthāpi naṃ ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    721. 

  721. <p class="bodytext">Anomadassissa pana bhagavato candavatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, yasavā nāma rājā pitā, yasodharā nāma mātā, nisabho ca anomo ca dve aggasāvakā, varuṇo nāma upaṭṭhāko<a name="V0.0069"></a>, sundarī ca sumanā ca dve aggasāvikā, ajjunarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, vassasatasahassaṃ āyūti.</p>
    722. 

  722. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">padumo</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye tīṇisatasahassāni, tatiye agāmake araññe mahāvanasaṇḍavāsīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dve satasahassāni. Tadā tathāgate tasmiṃyeva vanasaṇḍe vasante bodhisatto <span class="bld">sīho</span> hutvā satthāraṃ nirodhasamāpattisamāpannaṃ disvā pasannacitto vanditvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā <a name="M0.0064"></a> pītisomanassajāto tikkhattuṃ sīhanādaṃ naditvā sattāhaṃ buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃavijahitvā pītisukheneva gocarāya apakkamitvā jīvitapariccāgaṃ katvā payirupāsamāno aṭṭhāsi. Satthā sattāhaccayena nirodhā vuṭṭhito sīhaṃ oloketvā ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghepi cittaṃ pasādetvā saṅghaṃ vandissatī’’ti ‘‘bhikkhusaṅgho āgacchatū’’ti cintesi. Bhikkhū tāvadeva āgamiṃsu. Sīho saṅghe cittaṃ pasādeti. Satthā tassa mānasaṃ oloketvā ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    723. 

  723. <p class="bodytext">Padumassa pana bhagavato campakaṃ nagaraṃ ahosi asamo nāma rājā pitā, mātā asamā nāma, sālo ca upasālo ca dve aggasāvakā, varuṇo nāma upaṭṭhāko, rāmā ca surāmā ca dve aggasāvikā, soṇarukkho nāma bodhi aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ sarīraṃ ahosi, āyu vassasatasahassanti.</p>
    724. 

  724. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">nārado</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭisahassāni, tatiye asītikoṭisahassāni. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">isipabbajjaṃ</span> pabbajitvā pañcasu abhiññāsu, aṭṭhasu ca samāpattīsu ciṇṇavasī hutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā lohitacandanena pūjamakāsi, sopi naṃ ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    725. 

  725. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana bhagavato dhaññavatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, sudevo nāma khattiyo pitā, anomā nāma mātā, bhaddasālo ca jitamitto ca dve aggasāvakā, vāsiṭṭho nāma upaṭṭhāko, uttarā <a name="V0.0070"></a> ca phaggunī ca dve aggasāvikā, mahāsoṇarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhāsītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, navuti vassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    726. 

  726. <p class="bodytext">Nāradabuddhassa pana aparabhāge ekaṃ asaṅkhyeyyaṃ atikkamitvā ito satasahassakappamatthake ekasmiṃ kappe ekova <span class="bld">padumuttaro</span> nāma buddho udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye vebhārapabbate navutikoṭisahassāni, tatiye asītikoṭisahassāni. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">jaṭilo</span> nāma mahāraṭṭhiyo hutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa sacīvaraṃ dānaṃ <a name="M0.0065"></a> adāsi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi. Padumuttarassa pana bhagavato kāle titthiyā nāma nāhesuṃ sabbe devamanussā buddhameva saraṇamakaṃsu.</p>
    727. 

  727. <p class="bodytext">Tassa nagaraṃ haṃsavatī nāma ahosi, pitā ānando nāma khattiyo, mātā sujātā nāma, devalo ca sujāto ca dve aggasāvakā sumano nāma upaṭṭhāko, amitā ca asamā ca dve aggasāvikā, salalarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhāsītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, sarīrappabhā samantato dvādasa yojanāni gaṇhi vassasatasahassaṃ āyūti.</p>
    728. 

  728. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge sattatikappasahassāni atikkamitvā ito tiṃsakappasahassamatthake <span class="bld">sumedho</span> ca <span class="bld">sujāto</span> cāti ekasmiṃ kappe dve buddhā nibbattiṃsu. Sumedhassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte sudassananagare koṭisatakhīṇāsavā ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭiyo, tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">uttaro</span> nāma brāhmaṇamāṇavo hutvā nidahitvā ṭhapitaṃyeva asītikoṭidhanaṃ vissajjetvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā dhammaṃ sutvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya nikkhamitvā pabbaji. Sopi naṃ ‘‘anāgate buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    729. 

  729. <p class="bodytext">Sumedhassa bhagavato sudassanaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, sudatto nāma rājā pitā, mātāpi sudattā nāma, saraṇo ca sabbakāmo ca dve aggasāvakā, sāgaro nāma upaṭṭhāko, rāmā ca surāmā ca dve aggasāvikā, mahānīparukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhāsītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, āyu navuti vassasahassānīti.</p>
    730. 

  730. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="V0.0071"></a> aparabhāge <span class="bld">sujāto</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte saṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassāni ahesuṃ<a name="M0.0066"></a>, dutiye paññāsaṃ, tatiye cattālīsaṃ. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">cakkavattirājā</span> hutvā ‘‘buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa saddhiṃ sattahi ratanehi catumahādīparajjaṃ datvā satthu santike pabbaji. Sakalaraṭṭhavāsino raṭṭhuppādaṃ gahetvā ārāmikakiccaṃ sādhentā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa niccaṃ mahādānaṃ adaṃsu. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    731. 

  731. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato nagaraṃ sumaṅgalaṃ nāma ahosi, uggato nāma rājā pitā, pabhāvatī nāma mātā, sudassano ca sudevo ca dve aggasāvakā, nārado nāma upaṭṭhāko, nāgā ca nāgasamālā ca dve aggasāvikā, mahāveḷurukkho bodhi, so kira mandacchiddo ghanakkhandho upariniggatāhi mahāsākhāhi morapiñchakalāpo viya virocittha. Tassa bhagavato sarīraṃ paṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, āyu navutivassasahassānīti.</p>
    732. 

  732. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ito aṭṭhārasakappasatamatthake ekasmiṃ kappe <span class="bld">piyadassī, atthadassī, dhammadassī</span>ti tayo buddhā nibbattiṃsu. <span class="bld">Piyadassissāpi</span> tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhame koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭiyo, tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">kassapo</span> nāma māṇavo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāraṅgato hutvā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā koṭisatasahassadhanapariccāgena saṅghārāmaṃ kāretvā saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhāsi. Atha naṃ satthā ‘‘aṭṭhārasakappasataccayena buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    733. 

  733. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato anomaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, pitā sudinno nāma rājā, mātā candā nāma, pālito ca sabbadassī ca dve aggasāvakā, sobhito nāma upaṭṭhāko, sujātā ca dhammadinnā ca dve aggasāvikā, piyaṅgurukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, navutivassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    734. 

  734. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">atthadassī</span> nāma bhagavā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhame aṭṭhanavutibhikkhusatasahassāni ahesuṃ, dutiye aṭṭhāsītisahassāni, tathā tatiye. Tadā bodhisatto <a name="V0.0072"></a> <span class="bld">susīmo</span> <a name="M0.0067"></a> nāma mahiddhiko tāpaso hutvā devalokato mandāravapupphacchattaṃ āharitvā satthāraṃ pūjesi. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    735. 

  735. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato sobhaṇaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, sāgaro nāma rājā pitā, sudassanā nāma mātā, santo ca upasanto ca dve aggasāvakā, abhayo nāma upaṭṭhāko, dhammā ca sudhammā ca dve aggasāvikā, campakarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, sarīrappabhā samantato sabbakālaṃ yojanamattaṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi, āyu vassasatasahassanti.</p>
    736. 

  736. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">dhammadassī</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭiyo, tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">sakko devarājā</span> hutvā dibbagandhapupphehi ca dibbatūriyehi ca pūjamakāsi. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    737. 

  737. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato saraṇaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, pitā saraṇo nāma rājā, mātā sunandā nāma, padumo ca phussadevo ca dve aggasāvakā, sunetto nāma upaṭṭhāko, khemā ca sabbanāmā ca dve aggasāvikā, rattaṅkurarukkho bodhi, ‘‘kakudharukkho’’tipi ‘‘bimbijālo’’tipi vuccati sarīraṃ panassa asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, vassasatasahassaṃ āyūti.</p>
    738. 

  738. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ito catunavutikappamatthake ekasmiṃ kappe ekova <span class="bld">siddhattho</span> nāma buddho udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhamasannipāte koṭisatasahassabhikkhū ahesuṃ, dutiye navutikoṭiyo tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto uggatejo abhiññābalasampanno <span class="bld">maṅgalo</span> nāma tāpaso hutvā mahājambuphalaṃ āharitvā tathāgatassa adāsi. Satthā taṃ phalaṃ paribhuñjitvā ‘‘catunavutikappamatthake buddho bhavissasī’’ti bodhisattaṃ byākāsi.</p>
    739. 

  739. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="M0.0068"></a> bhagavato nagaraṃ vebhāraṃ nāma ahosi, pitā jayaseno nāma rājā, mātā suphassā nāma, sambalo ca sumitto ca dve aggasāvakā, revato nāma upaṭṭhāko, sīvalā ca <a name="V0.0073"></a> surāmā ca dve aggasāvikā, kaṇikārarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ saṭṭhihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, vassasatasahassaṃ āyūti.</p>
    740. 

  740. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ito dvenavutikappamatthake <span class="bld">tisso phusso</span>ti ekasmiṃ kappe dve buddhā nibbattiṃsu. <span class="bld">Tissassa</span> pana bhagavato tayo sāvakasannipātā. Paṭhamasannipāte bhikkhūnaṃ koṭisataṃ ahosi, dutiye navutikoṭiyo, tatiye asītikoṭiyo. Tadā bodhisatto mahābhogo mahāyaso <span class="bld">sujāto</span> nāma khattiyo hutvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā mahiddhikabhāvaṃ patvā ‘‘buddho uppanno’’ti sutvā dibbamandāravapadumapāricchattakapupphāni ādāya catuparisamajjhe gacchantaṃ tathāgataṃ pūjesi, ākāse pupphavitānaṃ hutvā aṭṭhāsi. Sopi naṃ satthā ‘‘ito dvenavutikappamatthake buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    741. 

  741. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato khemaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, pitā janasandho nāma khattiyo, mātā padumā nāma, brahmadevo ca udayo ca dve aggasāvakā samaṅgo nāma upaṭṭhāko, phussā ca sudattā ca dve aggasāvikā asanarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ saṭṭhihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, vassasatasahassaṃ āyūti.</p>
    742. 

  742. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">phusso</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte saṭṭhi bhikkhusatasahassāni ahesuṃ, dutiye paṇṇāsa, tatiye dvattiṃsa. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">vijitāvī</span> nāma khattiyo hutvā mahārajjaṃ pahāya satthu santike pabbajitvā tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetvā mahājanassa dhammakathaṃ kathesi. Sīlapāramiñca pūresi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    743. 

  743. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato kāsi nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, jayaseno nāma rājā pitā, sirimā nāma mātā, surakkhito ca dhammaseno ca dve aggasāvakā, sabhiyo nāma upaṭṭhāko, cālā ca upacālā ca dve aggasāvikā<a name="M0.0069"></a>, āmalakarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ aṭṭhapaṇṇāsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, navuti vassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    744. 

  744. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ito ekanavutikappe <span class="bld">vipassī</span> nāma bhagavā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā<a name="V0.0074"></a>, paṭhamasannipāte aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusatasahassāni ahesuṃ, dutiye ekasatasahassaṃ, tatiye asītisahassāni. Tadā bodhisatto mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo <span class="bld">atulo</span> nāma nāgarājā hutvā sattaratanakhacitaṃ sovaṇṇamayaṃ mahāpīṭhaṃ bhagavato adāsi. Sopi naṃ satthā ‘‘ito ekanavutikappe buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    745. 

  745. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, bandhumā nāma rājā pitā. Bandhumatī nāma mātā, khaṇḍo ca tisso ca dve aggasāvakā, asoko nāma upaṭṭhāko, candā ca candamittā ca dve aggasāvikā pāṭalirukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ asītihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, sarīrappabhā sadā satta yojanāni pharitvā aṭṭhāsi, asītivassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    746. 

  746. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge ito ekatiṃsakappe <span class="bld">sikhī, vessabhū</span> cāti dve buddhā ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Sikhissāpi</span> bhagavato tayo sāvakasannipātā, paṭhamasannipāte bhikkhusatasahassaṃ ahosi, dutiye asītisahassāni, tatiye sattati. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">arindamo</span> nāma rājā hutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa sacīvaraṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā sattaratanapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ hatthiratanaṃ datvā hatthippamāṇaṃ katvā kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ adāsi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘ito ekatiṃsakappe buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    747. 

  747. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana bhagavato aruṇavatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, aruṇavā nāma khattiyo pitā, pabhāvatī nāma mātā, abhibhū ca sambhavo ca dve aggasāvakā khemaṅkaro nāma upaṭṭhāko, sakhilā ca padumā ca dve aggasāvikā, puṇḍarīkarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ sattatihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, sarīrappabhā yojanattayaṃ pharitvā aṭṭhāsi, sattahivassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    748. 

  748. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">vessabhū</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi tayo sāvakasannipātā paṭhamasannipāte asītibhikkhusahassāni ahesuṃ dutiye <a name="M0.0070"></a> sattati, tatiye saṭṭhi. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">sudassano</span> nāma rājā hutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa sacīvaraṃ mahādānaṃ datvā satthu santike pabbajitvā ācāraguṇasampanno buddharatane cittīkārapītibahulo ahosi. Sopi naṃ ‘‘ito ekatiṃse kappe buddho bhavissasī’’ti byākāsi.</p>
    749. 

  749. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="V0.0075"></a> pana bhagavato anomaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, suppatīto nāma rājā pitā, yasavatī nāma mātā, soṇo ca uttaro ca dve aggasāvakā upasanto nāma upaṭṭhāko dāmā ca samālā ca dve aggasāvikā, sālarukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ saṭṭhihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, saṭṭhivassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    750. 

  750. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge imasmiṃ kappe cattāro buddhā nibbattā <span class="bld">kakusandho, koṇāgamano, kassapo, amhākaṃ bhagavā</span>ti. <span class="bld">Kakusandhassa</span> bhagavato eko sāvakasannipāto, tattha cattālīsabhikkhusahassāni ahesuṃ. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">khemo</span> nāma rājā hutvā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa sapattacīvaraṃ mahādānañca añjanādibhesajjāni ca datvā satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pabbaji. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    751. 

  751. <p class="bodytext">Kakusandhassa pana bhagavato khemaṃ nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, aggidatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā, visākhā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā, vidhuro ca sañjīvo ca dve aggasāvakā, buddhijo nāma upaṭṭhāko sāmā ca campā ca dve aggasāvikā mahāsirīsarukkho bodhi sarīraṃ cattālīsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, cattālīsavassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    752. 

  752. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">koṇāgamano</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi eko sāvakasannipāto, tattha tiṃsabhikkhusahassāni ahesuṃ. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">pabbato</span> nāma rājā hutvā amaccagaṇaparivuto satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammadesanaṃ sutvā buddhappamukhaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ nimantetvā mahādānaṃ pavattetvā pattuṇṇacīnapaṭakoseyyakambaladukulāni ceva suvaṇṇapādukañca datvā satthu santike pabbaji. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    753. 

  753. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato sobhavatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, yaññadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā, uttarā nāma brāhmaṇī mātā, bhiyyoso ca uttaro <a name="M0.0071"></a> ca dve aggasāvakā, sotthijo nāma upaṭṭhāko, samuddā ca uttarā ca dve aggasāvikā, udumbararukkho bodhi, sarīraṃ tiṃsahatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, tiṃsavassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    754. 

  754. <p class="bodytext">Tassa aparabhāge <span class="bld">kassapo</span> nāma satthā udapādi. Tassāpi ekova sāvakasannipāto, tattha <a name="V0.0076"></a> vīsatibhikkhusahassāni ahesuṃ. Tadā bodhisatto <span class="bld">jotipālo</span> nāma māṇavo tiṇṇaṃ vedānaṃ pāragū bhūmiyañceva antalikkhe ca pākaṭo ghaṭikārassa kumbhakārassa mitto ahosi, so tena saddhiṃ satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammakathaṃ sutvā pabbajitvā āraddhavīriyo tīṇi piṭakāni uggahetvā vattasampattiyā buddhasāsanaṃ sobhesi. Sopi naṃ satthā byākāsi.</p>
    755. 

  755. <p class="bodytext">Tassa bhagavato jātanagaraṃ bārāṇasī nāma ahosi. Brahmadatto nāma brāhmaṇo pitā, dhanavatī nāma brāhmaṇī mātā, tisso ca bhāradvājo ca dve aggasāvakā, sabbamitto nāma upaṭṭhāko anuḷā ca uruveḷā ca dve aggasāvikā, nigrodharukkho bodhi sarīraṃ vīsatihatthubbedhaṃ ahosi, vīsativassasahassāni āyūti.</p>
    756. 

  756. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana bhagavato orabhāge ṭhapetvā imaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ añño buddho nāma natthi. Iti <span class="bld">dīpaṅkarādīnaṃ catuvīsatiyā buddhānaṃ</span> santike laddhabyākaraṇo pana bodhisatto yenena –</p>
    757. 

  757. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Manussattaṃ liṅgasampatti, hetu satthāradassanaṃ;</p>
    758. 

  758. <p class="gatha2">Pabbajjā guṇasampatti, adhikāro ca chandatā;</p>
    759. 

  759. <p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhadhammasamodhānā, abhinīhāro samijjhatī’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.59);</p>
    760. 

  760. <p class="bodytext">Ime aṭṭha dhamme samodhānetvā dīpaṅkarapādamūle katābhinīhārena ‘‘handa buddhakare dhamme vicināmi ito cito’’ti ussāhaṃ katvā ‘‘vicinanto tadādakkhiṃ, paṭhamaṃ dānapārami’’nti dānapāramitādayo buddhakarā dhammā diṭṭhā, te pūrento yāva vessantarattabhāvā āgami. Āgacchanto ca ye te katābhinīhārānaṃ bodhisattānaṃ ānisaṃsā saṃvaṇṇitā –</p>
    761. 

  761. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Evaṃ <a name="M0.0072"></a> sabbaṅgasampannā, bodhiyā niyatā narā;</p>
    762. 

  762. <p class="gathalast">Saṃsaraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ, kappakoṭisatehipi.</p>
    763. 

  763. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Avīcimhi nuppajjanti, tathā lokantaresu ca;</p>
    764. 

  764. <p class="gathalast">Nijjhāmataṇhā khuppipāsā, na honti kālakañjikā.</p>
    765. 

  765. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Na <a name="V0.0077"></a> honti khuddakā pāṇā, uppajjantāpi duggatiṃ;</p>
    766. 

  766. <p class="gathalast">Jāyamānā manussesu, jaccandhā na bhavanti te.</p>
    767. 

  767. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Sotavekallatā natthi, na bhavanti mūgapakkhikā;</p>
    768. 

  768. <p class="gathalast">Itthibhāvaṃ na gacchanti, ubhatobyañjanapaṇḍakā.</p>
    769. 

  769. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Na bhavanti pariyāpannā, bodhiyā niyatā narā;</p>
    770. 

  770. <p class="gathalast">Muttā ānantarikehi, sabbattha suddhagocarā.</p>
    771. 

  771. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Micchādiṭṭhiṃ na sevanti, kammakiriyadassanā;</p>
    772. 

  772. <p class="gathalast">Vasamānāpi saggesu, asaññaṃ nupapajjare.</p>
    773. 

  773. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Suddhāvāsesu devesu, hetu nāma na vijjati;</p>
    774. 

  774. <p class="gatha2">Nekkhammaninnā sappurisā, visaṃyuttā bhavābhave;</p>
    775. 

  775. <p class="gathalast">Caranti lokatthacariyāyo, pūrenti sabbapāramī’’ti.</p>
    776. 

  776. <p class="bodytext">Te ānisaṃse adhigantvāva āgato. Pāramiyo pūrentassa ca tassa akittibrāhmaṇakāle saṅkhabrāhmaṇakāle dhanañcayarājakāle mahāsudassanarājakāle mahāgovindakāle nimimahārājakāle candakumārakāle visayhaseṭṭhikāle sivirājakāle vessantararājakāleti dānapāramitāya pūritattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantena panassa sasapaṇḍitajātakāle –</p>
    777. 

  777. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Bhikkhāya upagataṃ disvā, sakattānaṃ pariccajiṃ;</p>
    778. 

  778. <p class="gathalast">Dānena me samo natthi, esā me dānapāramī’’ti. (cariyā. 1.143 tassuddāna –</p>
    779. 

  779. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attapariccāgaṃ karontassa <span class="bld">dānapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    780. 

  780. <p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M0.0073"></a> sīlavanāgarājakāle campeyyanāgarājakāle bhūridattanāgarājakāle chaddantanāgarājakāle <a name="V0.0078"></a> jayaddisarājaputtakāle alīnasattukumārakāleti sīlapāramitāya pūritattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantena panassa saṅkhapālajātakāle –</p>
    781. 

  781. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Sūlehipi vijjhiyanto, koṭṭiyantopi sattihi;</p>
    782. 

  782. <p class="gathalast">Bhojaputte na kuppāmi, esā me sīlapāramī’’ti. (cariyā. 2.91) –</p>
    783. 

  783. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ attapariccāgaṃ karontassa <span class="bld">sīlapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    784. 

  784. <p class="bodytext">Tathā somanassakumārakāle hatthipālakumārakāle ayogharapaṇḍitakāleti mahārajjaṃ pahāya nekkhammapāramitāya pūritattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantena panassa cūḷasutasomajātakāle –</p>
    785. 

  785. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Mahārajjaṃ hatthagataṃ, kheḷapiṇḍaṃva chaḍḍayiṃ;</p>
    786. 

  786. <p class="gathalast">Cajato na hoti laganaṃ, esā me nekkhammapāramī’’ti. –</p>
    787. 

  787. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ nissaṅgatāya rajjaṃ chaḍḍetvā nikkhamantassa <span class="bld">nekkhammapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    788. 

  788. <p class="bodytext">Tathā vidhurapaṇḍitakāle mahāgovindapaṇḍitakāle kudālapaṇḍitakāle arakapaṇḍitakāle bodhiparibbājakakāle mahosadhapaṇḍitakāleti paññāpāramitāya pūritattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantena panassa sattubhastajātake senakapaṇḍitakāle –</p>
    789. 

  789. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Paññāya vicinantohaṃ, brāhmaṇaṃ mocayiṃ dukhā;</p>
    790. 

  790. <p class="gathalast">Paññāya me samo natthi, esā me paññāpāramī’’ti. –</p>
    791. 

  791. <p class="bodytext">Antobhastagataṃ sappaṃ dassentassa <span class="bld">paññāpāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    792. 

  792. <p class="bodytext">Tathā vīriyapāramitādīnampi pūritattabhāvānaṃ parimāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantena panassa mahājanakajātake –</p>
    793. 

  793. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Atīradassī jalamajjhe, hatā sabbeva mānusā;</p>
    794. 

  794. <p class="gathalast">Cittassa aññathā natthi, esā me vīriyapāramī’’ti. –</p>
    795. 

  795. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0074"></a><a name="V0.0079"></a> mahāsamuddaṃ tarantassa <span class="bld">vīriyapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    796. 

  796. <p class="bodytext">Khantivādījātake –</p>
    797. 

  797. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Acetanaṃva koṭṭente, tiṇhena pharasunā mamaṃ;</p>
    798. 

  798. <p class="gathalast">Kāsirāje na kuppāmi, esā me khantipāramī’’ti. –</p>
    799. 

  799. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ acetanabhāvena viya mahādukkhaṃ adhivāsentassa <span class="bld">khantipāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    800. 

  800. <p class="bodytext">Mahāsutasomajātake –</p>
    801. 

  801. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Saccavācaṃ anurakkhanto, cajitvā mama jīvitaṃ;</p>
    802. 

  802. <p class="gathalast">Mocesiṃ ekasataṃ khattiye, esā me saccapāramī’’ti. –</p>
    803. 

  803. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ jīvitaṃ cavitvā saccamanurakkhantassa <span class="bld">saccapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    804. 

  804. <p class="bodytext">Mūgapakkhajātake –</p>
    805. 

  805. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Mātā pitā na me dessā, napi dessaṃ mahāyasaṃ;</p>
    806. 

  806. <p class="gathalast">Sabbaññutaṃ piyaṃ mayhaṃ, tasmā vatamadhiṭṭhahi’’nti. –</p>
    807. 

  807. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ jīvitaṃ cajitvā vataṃ adhiṭṭhahantassa <span class="bld">adhiṭṭhānapāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    808. 

  808. <p class="bodytext">Ekarājajātake –</p>
    809. 

  809. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Na maṃ koci uttasati, napihaṃ bhāyāmi kassaci;</p>
    810. 

  810. <p class="gathalast">Mettābalenupatthaddho, ramāmi pavane tadā’’ti. (cariyā. 3.113) –</p>
    811. 

  811. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0080"></a> jīvitaṃ anapaloketvā mettāyantassa <span class="bld">mettāpāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā.</p>
    812. 

  812. <p class="bodytext">Lomahaṃsajātake <a name="M0.0075"></a> –</p>
    813. 

  813. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Susāne seyyaṃ kappemi, chavaṭṭhikaṃ upanidhāyahaṃ;</p>
    814. 

  814. <p class="gathalast">Gāmaṇḍalā upāgantvā, rūpaṃ dassenti nappaka’’nti. –</p>
    815. 

  815. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ gāmadārakesu niṭṭhubhanādīhi ceva mālāgandhūpahārādīhi ca sukhadukkhaṃ uppādentesupi upekkhanaṃ anativattentassa <span class="bld">upekkhāpāramitā</span> paramatthapāramī nāma jātā. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato panesa attho cariyāpiṭakato gahetabbo.</p>
    816. 

  816. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pāramiyo pūretvā vessantarattabhāve ṭhito –</p>
    817. 

  817. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Acetanāyaṃ pathavī, aviññāya sukhaṃ dukhaṃ;</p>
    818. 

  818. <p class="gathalast">Sāpi dānabalā mayhaṃ, sattakkhattuṃ pakampathā’’ti. (cariyā. 1.124);</p>
    819. 

  819. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ mahāpathavīkampanāni mahāpuññāni katvā āyupariyosāne tato cuto tusitabhavane nibbatti, tattha aññe deve dasahi ṭhānehi adhigaṇhitvā ‘‘yāvatāyukaṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavanto manussagaṇanāya <a name="P0.0033"></a> idāni sattahi divasehi āyukkhayaṃ pāpuṇissatī’’ti vatthāni kilissanti, mālā milāyanti, kacchehi sedā muccanti, kāye vevaṇṇiyaṃ okkamati, devo devāsane na saṇṭhahatīti imesu pañcasu pubbanimittesu uppannesu tāni disvā ‘‘suññā vata bho saggā bhavissantī’’ti saṃvegajātāhi devatāhi mahāsattassa pūritapāramibhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘imasmiṃ idāni aññaṃ devalokaṃ anupagantvā manussaloke uppajjitvā buddhabhāvaṃ patte puññāni katvā cutā cutā manussā devalokaṃ paripūressantī’’ti cintetvā –</p>
    820. 

  820. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yatohaṃ tusite kāye, santusito nāmahaṃ tadā;</p>
    821. 

  821. <p class="gathalast">Dasasahassī samāgantvā, yācanti pañjalī mamaṃ.</p>
    822. 

  822. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Kālo <a name="V0.0081"></a> deva mahāvīra, uppajja mātukucchiyaṃ;</p>
    823. 

  823. <p class="gathalast">Sadevakaṃ tārayanto, bujjhassu amataṃ pada’’nti. (bu. vaṃ. 1.66-67);</p>
    824. 

  824. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M0.0076"></a> buddhabhāvatthāya āyācito kālaṃ, dīpaṃ, desaṃ, kulaṃ, janettiyā āyuppamāṇanti imāni <span class="bld">pañca mahāvilokanāni</span> viloketvā katasanniṭṭhāno tato cuto sakyarājakule paṭisandhiṃ gahetvā tattha mahāsampattiyā parihariyamāno anukkamena bhadrayobbanaṃ anupāpuṇi. Imasmiṃ antare ‘‘sato sampajāno ānanda bodhisatto tusitā kāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamī’’tiādīnaṃ (ma. ni. 3.200) suttapadānañceva tesaṃ aṭṭhakathāya ca vasena vitthāro veditabbo.</p>
    825. 

  825. <p class="bodytext">So tiṇṇaṃ utūnaṃ anucchavikesu tīsu pāsādesu devalokasiriṃ viya rajjasiriṃ anubhavamāno uyyānakīḷāya gamanasamaye anukkamena jiṇṇabyādhimatasaṅkhāte tayo devadūte disvā sañjātasaṃvego nivattitvā catutthavāre pabbajitaṃ disvā ‘sādhu pabbajjā’ti pabbajjāya ruciṃ uppādetvā uyyānaṃ gantvā tattha divasabhāgaṃ khepetvā maṅgalapokkharaṇītīre nisinno kappakavesaṃ gahetvā āgatena vissakammena devaputtena alaṅkatapaṭiyatto rāhulabhaddassa <a name="P0.0034"></a> jātasāsanaṃ sutvā puttasinehassa balavabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘yāva idaṃ bandhanaṃ na vaḍḍhati tāvadeva naṃ chindissāmī’ti cintetvā sāyaṃ nagaraṃ pavisanto –</p>
    826. 

  826. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Nibbutā nūna sā mātā, nibbuto nūna so pitā;</p>
    827. 

  827. <p class="gathalast">Nibbutā nūna sā nārī, yassāyaṃ īdiso patī’’ti. (bu. vaṃ. aṭṭha. 27 avidūrenidānakathā; dha. pa. aṭṭha. 1.10 sāriputtattheravatthu; apa. aṭṭha. 1.avidūrenidānakathā; jā. aṭṭha. 1.avidūrenidānakathā);</p>
    828. 

  828. <p class="bodytext">Kisāgotamiyā nāma pitucchādhītāya bhāsitaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ sutvā, ‘ahaṃ imāya nibbutapadaṃ sāvito’ti gīvato satasahassagghanikaṃ muttāhāraṃ muñcitvā, tassā pesetvā, attano bhavanaṃ pavisitvā, sirisayane nisinno niddāvasena nāṭakānaṃ vippakāraṃ disvā, nibbinnahadayo channaṃ uṭṭhāpetvā, kaṇḍakaṃ āharāpetvā, kaṇḍakaṃ āruyha, channasahāyova dasasahassilokadhātudevatāhi kataparivāro mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā, teneva rattāvasesena tīṇi <a name="V0.0082"></a> mahārajjāni atikkamma anomānadītīre pabbajitvā, anukkamena rājagahaṃ gantvā, tattha piṇḍāya caritvā, paṇḍavapabbatapabbhāre nisinno magadharājena rajjena nimantiyamāno taṃ paṭikkhipitvā, sabbaññutaṃ patvā tassa vijitaṃ āgamanatthāya tena gahitapaṭiñño<a name="M0.0077"></a>, āḷārañca udakañca upasaṅkamitvā, tesaṃ santike adhigatavisesena aparituṭṭho chabbassāni mahāpadhānaṃ padahitvā, visākhāpuṇṇamadivase pātova senānigame sujātāya dinnaṃ pāyāsaṃ paribhuñjitvā, nerañjarāya nadiyā suvaṇṇapātiṃ pavāhetvā, nerañjarāya tīre mahāvanasaṇḍe nānāsamāpattīhi divasabhāgaṃ vītināmetvā, sāyanhasamaye sotthiyena dinnaṃ aṭṭhatiṇamuṭṭhiṃ gahetvā, kāḷena nāgarājena abhitthutaguṇo bodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha tiṇāni santharitvā, ‘na tāvimaṃ pallaṅkaṃ bhindissāmi yāva me na anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuccissatī’ti paṭiññaṃ katvā, pācīnadisābhimukho nisīditvā, sūriye anatthaṅgamiteyeva mārabalaṃ vidhamitvā, paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ, majjhimayāme cutūpapātañāṇaṃ patvā, pacchimayāmāvasāne dasabalacatuvesārajjādisabbabuddhaguṇapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ <a name="P0.0035"></a> sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhantoyeva imaṃ abhidhammanayasamuddaṃ adhigañchi. Evamassa <span class="bld">adhigamanidānaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    829. 

  829. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ adhigatābhidhammo ekapallaṅkena nisinnasattāhaṃ animisasattāhaṃ caṅkamanasattāhañca atikkamitvā, catutthe sattāhe sayambhūñāṇādhigamena adhigataṃ abhidhammaṃ vicinitvā aparānipi ajapālamucalindarājāyatanesu tīṇi sattāhāni vītināmetvā, aṭṭhame sattāhe ajapālanigrodharukkhamūle nisinno dhammagambhīratāpaccavekkhaṇena appossukkataṃ āpajjamāno dasasahassimahābrahmaparivārena sahampatibrahmunā āyācitadhammadesano buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ oloketvā, brahmuno ajjhesanaṃ ādāya ‘‘kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyya’nti olokento āḷārudakānaṃ kālaṅkatabhāvaṃ ñatvā, pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahūpakārataṃ anussaritvā, uṭṭhāyāsanā kāsipuraṃ gacchanto antarāmagge upakena saddhiṃ mantetvā, āsāḷhīpuṇṇamadivase isipatane migadāye pañcavaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ patvā,te ananucchavikena samudācārena samudācarante saññāpetvā, dhammacakkaṃ pavattento aññāsikoṇḍaññattherappamukhā aṭṭhārasa brahmakoṭiyo amatapānaṃ pāyesi. Evaṃ yāva dhammacakkappavattanā <span class="bld">desanānidānaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0078"></a> veditabbaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana sāṭṭhakathānaṃ <span class="bld">ariyapariyesana</span>(ma. ni. 1.274) <span class="bld">pabbajjasuttādīnaṃ</span> (su. ni. 407 ādayo) vasena veditabbo.</p>
    830. 

  830. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V0.0083"></a> adhigamanidānadesanānidānasampannassa panassa abhidhammassa aparānipi dūrenidānaṃ, avidūrenidānaṃ, santikenidānanti tīṇi nidānāni. Tattha dīpaṅkarapādamūlato paṭṭhāya yāva tusitapurā <span class="bld">dūrenidānaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Tusitapurato paṭṭhāya yāva bodhimaṇḍā <span class="bld">avidūrenidānaṃ</span>. ‘Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā devesu viharati tāvatiṃsesu pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ, tattha kho bhagavā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ abhidhammakathaṃ kathesī’ti idamassa <span class="bld">santikenidānaṃ</span>. Ayaṃ tāva nidānakathā.</p>
    831. 

  831. <p class="centered">Nidānakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    832. 

  832. <p class="chapter">1. Cittuppādakaṇḍo</p>
    833. 

  833. <p class="chapter">Tikamātikāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
    834. 

  834. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idāni</span></p>
    835. 

  835. <p class="gatha1">Iti <a name="M0.0079"></a><a name="P0.0036"></a><a name="V0.0084"></a> me bhāsamānassa, abhidhammakathaṃ imaṃ;</p>
    836. 

  836. <p class="gathalast">Avikkhittā nisāmetha, dullabhā hi ayaṃ kathāti.</p>
    837. 

  837. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paṭiññātāya abhidhammakathāya kathanokāso sampatto. Tattha yasmā abhidhammo nāma dhammasaṅgaṇīādīni sattappakaraṇāni; dhammasaṅgaṇīpi cittuppādakaṇḍādīnaṃ vasena cattāri kaṇḍāni; cittuppādakaṇḍampi mātikāpadabhājanīyavasena duvidhaṃ; tattha mātikā ādi; sāpi tikamātikā dukamātikāti duvidhā; tattha tikamātikā ādi; tikamātikāyapi kusalattikaṃ kusalattikepi kusalā dhammāti idaṃ padaṃ; tasmā –</p>
    838. 

  838. <p class="gatha1">Ito paṭṭhāya gambhīraṃ, abhidhammakathaṃ imaṃ;</p>
    839. 

  839. <p class="gathalast">Vuccamānaṃ nisāmetha, ekaggā sādhu sādhavoti.</p>
    840. 

  840. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. ‘‘Kusalā dhammā, akusalā dhammā, abyākatā dhammā’’ti ayaṃ tāva ādipadena laddhanāmo kusalattiko nāma. ‘‘Sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā dhammā, dukkhāya vedanāya sampayuttā dhammā, adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā dhammā’’ti ayaṃ sabbapadehi laddhanāmo vedanāttiko nāma. Evaṃ ādipadavasena vā sabbapadavasena vā sabbesampi tikadukānaṃ nāmaṃ veditabbaṃ<a name="V0.0085"></a>. Sabbeva cete pañcadasahi paricchedehi vavatthitā. Tikānañhi eko paricchedo, dukānaṃ catuddasa. ‘‘Hetū dhammā, nahetū dhammā’’tiādayo hi cha dukā ganthato ca atthato ca aññamaññasambandhena kaṇṇikā viya ghaṭā viya hutvā ṭhitattā ‘hetugocchako’ti vuccati. Tato apare ‘‘sappaccayā dhammā appaccayā dhammā’’tiādayo satta dukā, aññamaññaṃ asambandhā, kevalaṃ <a name="P0.0037"></a> dukasāmaññato uccinitvā uccinitvā visuṃ visuṃ gocchakantare ṭhapitattā aññehi ca mahantaradukehi cūḷakattā ‘cūḷantaradukā’ti veditabbā. Tato paraṃ āsavadukādīnaṃ channaṃ vasena ‘āsavagocchako’<a name="M0.0080"></a>; tathā saṃyojanadukādīnaṃ vasena ‘saṃyojanagocchako’; tathā ganthaoghayoganīvaraṇadukādīnaṃ vasena ‘ganthaoghayoganīvaraṇagocchakā’; parāmāsadukādīnaṃ pañcannaṃ vasena ‘parāmāsagocchako’ti. Sabbepi satta gocchakā veditabbā. Tato paraṃ ‘‘sārammaṇā dhammā’’tiādayo catuddasa dukā ‘mahantaradukā’ nāma. Tato upādānadukādayo cha dukā ‘upādānagocchako’ nāma. Tato kilesadukādayo aṭṭha dukā ‘kilesagocchako’ nāma. Tato paraṃ dassanenapahātabbadukādayo aṭṭhārasa dukā abhidhammamātikāya pariyosāne ṭhapitattā ‘piṭṭhidukā’ nāma. ‘‘Vijjābhāgino dhammā avijjābhāgino dhammā’’tiādayo pana dvācattālīsa dukā ‘suttantikadukā’ nāma. Evaṃ sabbepete pañcadasahi paricchedehi vavatthitāti veditabbā.</p>
    841. 

  841. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vavatthitā panete sappadesanippadesavasena dve koṭṭhāsā honti. Tesu hi nava tikā ekasattati ca dukā sappadesānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānaṃ pariggahitattā sappadesā nāma. Avasesā terasa tikā ekasattati ca dukā nippadesā nāma. Tattha tikesu tāva vedanāttiko vitakkattiko pītittiko uppannattiko atītattiko cattāro ārammaṇattikāti ime nava tikā sappadesā nāma. Dukesu hetugocchakādīnaṃ upādānagocchakapariyosānānaṃ navannaṃ gocchakānaṃ pariyosāne tayo tayo dukā, kilesagocchakapariyosāne <a name="P0.0038"></a> cattāro dukā, ‘‘cittasampayuttā dhammā, cittavippayuttā dhammā’’‘‘cittasaṃsaṭṭhā dhammā, cittavisaṃsaṭṭhā dhammā’’ti dve mahantaradukā, suttantikadukesu adhivacanadukaṃ niruttidukaṃ paññattidukaṃ nāmarūpadukanti ime cattāro duke ṭhapetvā avasesā aṭṭhatiṃsa dukā cāti ete sappadesā nāma. Vuttāvasesā tikadukā sabbepi nippadesāti veditabbā.</p>
    842. 

  842. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">kusalā dhammā</span>tiādīnaṃ mātikāpadānaṃ ayamanupubbapadavaṇṇanā – <span class="bld">‘kusala’</span>-saddo tāva <a name="V0.0086"></a> ārogyaanavajjachekasukhavipākesu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘kacci nu bhoto kusalaṃ, kacci bhoto anāmaya’’ntiādīsu (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129) ārogye dissati. ‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, kāyasamācāro kusalo? Yo kho, mahārāja, kāyasamācāro anavajjo’’ti (ma. ni. 2.361) ca, ‘‘aparaṃ pana, bhante, etadānuttariyaṃ <a name="M0.0081"></a> yathā bhagavā dhammaṃ deseti kusalesu dhammesū’’ti (dī. ni. 3.145) ca evamādīsu anavajje. ‘‘Kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ’’ (ma. ni. 2.87), ‘‘kusalā naccagītassa sikkhitā cāturitthiyo’’tiādīsu (jā. 2.22.94) cheke. ‘‘Kusalānaṃ, bhikkhave, dhammānaṃ samādānahetu’’ (dī. ni. 3.80), ‘‘kusalassa kammassa katattā upacitattā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 431) sukhavipāke. Svāyamidha ārogyepi anavajjepi sukhavipākepi vattati.</p>
    843. 

  843. <p class="bodytext">Dhammasaddo panāyaṃ pariyattihetuguṇanissattanijjīvatādīsu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇāti suttaṃ geyya’’ntiādīsu (a. ni. 4.102) pariyattiyaṃ dissati. ‘‘Hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 720) hetumhi.</p>
    844. 

  844. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Na hi dhammo adhammo ca, ubho samavipākino;</p>
    845. 

  845. <p class="gathalast">Adhammo nirayaṃ neti, dhammo pāpeti suggati’’nti. (theragā. 304; jā. 1.15.386) –</p>
    846. 

  846. <p class="bodytext">Ādīsu guṇe. ‘‘Tasmiṃ kho pana samaye dhammā honti’’ (dha. sa. 121), ‘‘dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373) nissattanijjīvatāyaṃ. Svāyamidhāpi nissattanijjīvatāyameva vaṭṭati.</p>
    847. 

  847. <p class="bodytext">Vacanattho <a name="P0.0039"></a> panettha – kucchite pāpake dhamme salayanti calayanti kampenti viddhaṃsentīti kusalā. Kucchitena vā ākārena sayantīti kusā. Te akusalasaṅkhāte kuse lunanti chindantīti kusalā. Kucchitānaṃ vā sānato tanukaraṇato osānakaraṇato ñāṇaṃ kusaṃ nāma. Tena kusena lātabbāti kusalā; gahetabbā pavattetabbāti attho. Yathā vā kusā ubhayabhāgagataṃ hatthappadesaṃ lunanti, evamimepi uppannānuppannabhāvena ubhayabhāgagataṃ kilesapakkhaṃ lunanti. Tasmā kusā viya lunantītipi <span class="bld">kusalā</span>. Attano pana sabhāvaṃ dhārentīti <span class="bld">dhammā</span>. Dhāriyanti <a name="V0.0087"></a> vā paccayehi, dhārīyanti vā yathāsabhāvatoti dhammā. Na kusalā <span class="bld">akusalā</span>. Mittapaṭipakkhā amittā viya, lobhādipaṭipakkhā alobhādayo viya ca, kusalapaṭipakkhāti attho. Na byākatāti <span class="bld">abyākatā,</span> kusalākusalabhāvena akathitāti attho. Tesu pana <a name="M0.0082"></a> anavajjasukhavipākalakkhaṇā kusalā, sāvajjadukkhavipākalakkhaṇā akusalā, avipākalakkhaṇā abyākatā.</p>
    848. 

  848. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ panetāni ‘kusalā’ti vā ‘dhammā’ti vātiādīni ekatthāni udāhu nānatthānīti? Kiñcettha? Yadi tāva ekatthāni ‘kusalā dhammā’ti idaṃ ‘kusalākusalā’tivuttasadisaṃ hoti. Atha nānatthāni tikadukānaṃ chakkacatukkabhāvo āpajjati padānañca asambandho.</p>
    849. 

  849. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi ‘kusalā’ ‘rūpaṃ’‘cakkhumā’ti vutte atthavasena aññamaññaṃ anolokentānaṃ padānaṃ na koci sambandho, evamidhāpi padānaṃ asambandho āpajjati. Pubbāparasambandharahitāni ca padāni nippayojanāni nāma honti. Yāpi cesā parato ‘katame dhammā kusalā’ti pucchā, tāyapi saddhiṃ virodho āpajjati. Neva hi dhammā kusalā; atha ca panidaṃ vuccati – katame dhammā ‘kusalā’ti. Aparo nayo – yadi etāni ekatthāni, tiṇṇaṃ ‘dhammānaṃ’ ekattā kusalādīnampi ekattaṃ āpajjati. Kusalādiparānañhi tiṇṇampi ‘dhammānaṃ’ dhammabhāvena ekattaṃ. Tasmā dhammattayena saddhiṃ atthato ninnānatthānaṃ kusalādīnampi ekattaṃ āpajjati. ‘Yadeva kusalaṃ, taṃ akusalaṃ, taṃ abyākata’nti. ‘Athāpi tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ ekattaṃ na sampaṭicchatha, aññova kusalaparo dhammo, añño <a name="P0.0040"></a> akusalaparo dhammo, añño abyākataparo dhammoti vadatha, evaṃ sante dhammo nāma bhāvo, bhāvato ca añño abhāvoti kusalaparā bhāvasaṅkhātā dhammā añño akusalaparo dhammo abhāvo siyā, tathā abyākataparo. Tehi ca añño kusalaparopi. Evaṃ abhāvattaṃ āpannehi dhammehi anaññe kusalādayopi abhāvāyeva siyu’nti.</p>
    850. 

  850. <p class="bodytext">Sabbametaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Kasmā? Yathānumativohārasiddhitoti. Vohāro hi yathā yathā atthesu anumato sampaṭicchito tathā tatheva siddho. Na cāyaṃ ‘‘kusalā dhammā’’tiādīsu kusalapubbo dhammābhilāpo dhammaparo ca kusalābhilāpo, yathā ‘kusalā kusalā’ti evaṃ, attano atthavisesābhāvena paṇḍitehi sampaṭicchito; na ca ‘kusalā’ ‘rūpaṃ’cakkhumāsaddā viya aññamaññaṃ anolokitatthabhāvena. ‘Kusala’-saddo panettha anavajjasukhavipākasaṅkhātassa atthassa <a name="M0.0083"></a><a name="V0.0088"></a> jotakabhāvena sampaṭicchito, ‘akusala’-saddo sāvajjadukkhavipākatthajotakattena, ‘abyākata’-saddo avipākatthajotakattena, ‘dhamma’-saddo sabhāvadhāraṇādiatthajotakattena. So etesaṃ aññatarānantare vuccamāno attano atthasāmaññaṃ dīpeti. Sabbeva hi ete sabhāvadhāraṇādinā lakkhaṇena dhammā. Kusalādisaddā cāpi dhammasaddassa purato vuccamānā attano attano atthavisesaṃ tassa dīpenti. Dhammo hi kusalo vā hoti akusalo vā abyākato vā. Evamete visuṃ visuṃ vuccamānā attano attano atthamattadīpakattena sampaṭicchitā. Dhammasaddena saha vuccamānā attano attano atthasāmaññaṃ atthavisesaṃ vā dīpakattena loke paṇḍitehi sampaṭicchitā. Tasmā yadetamettha ekatthanānātthataṃ vikappetvā dosāropanakāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ sabbametaṃ akāraṇaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva kusalattikassa anupubbapadavaṇṇanā. Imināva nayena sesatikadukānampi nayo veditabbo. Ito paraṃ pana visesamattameva vakkhāma.</p>
    851. 

  851. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhāya vedanāyā</span>tiādīsu ‘sukha’-saddo tāva sukhavedanāsukhamūlasukhārammaṇasukhahetusukhapaccayaṭṭhānaabyābajjhanibbānādīsu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘sukhassa ca pahānā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.232) sukhavedanāyaṃ dissati. ‘‘Sukho buddhānaṃ uppādo’’ (dha. pa. 194), ‘‘sukhā virāgatā loke’’tiādīsu (udā. 11; mahāva. 5) sukhamūle ‘‘yasmā <a name="P0.0041"></a> ca kho, mahāli, rūpaṃ sukhaṃ sukhānupatitaṃ sukhāvakkanta’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.60) sukhārammaṇe. ‘‘Sukhassetaṃ, bhikkhave, adhivacanaṃ yadidaṃ puññānī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 7.62) sukhahetumhi. ‘‘Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukaraṃ akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva sukhā saggā’’ (ma. ni. 3.255), ‘‘na te sukhaṃ pajānanti ye na passanti nandana’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.11) sukhapaccayaṭṭhāne. ‘‘Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārā ete dhammā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.82) abyābajjhe. ‘‘Nibbānaṃ paramaṃ sukha’’ntiādisu (dha. pa. 203-204) nibbāne. Idha panāyaṃ sukhavedanāyameva daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">‘Vedanā’</span>-saddo ‘‘viditā vedanā uppajjantī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.208) vedayitasmiṃyeva vattati.</p>
    852. 

  852. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Dukkha’</span>-saddo <a name="M0.0084"></a> dukkhavedanādukkhavatthudukkhārammaṇadukkhapaccayadukkhapaccayaṭṭhānādīsu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘dukkhassa ca pahānā’’tiādīsu dukkhavedanāyaṃ dissati. ‘‘Jātipi dukkhā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.387; vibha. 190) dukkhavatthusmiṃ. ‘‘Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, rūpaṃ dukkhaṃ dukkhānupatitaṃ dukkhāvakkanta’’ntiādīsu dukkhārammaṇe. ‘‘Dukkho pāpassa <a name="V0.0089"></a> uccayo’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 117) dukkhapaccaye. ‘‘Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukaraṃ akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva dukkhā nirayā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.250) dukkhapaccayaṭṭhāne. Idha panāyaṃ dukkhavedanāyameva daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    853. 

  853. <p class="bodytext">Vacanattho panettha – sukhayatīti sukhā. Dukkhayatīti <span class="bld">dukkhā</span>. Na dukkhā na sukhāti adukkhamasukhā. ‘Ma-kāro padasandhivasena vutto. Sabbāpi ārammaṇarasaṃ vedayanti anubhavantīti <span class="bld">vedanā</span>. Tāsu iṭṭhānubhavanalakkhaṇā sukhā, aniṭṭhānubhavanalakkhaṇā dukkhā, ubhayaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā adukkhamasukhā. Yopanāyaṃ tīsupi padesu ‘sampayutta’-saddo, tassattho – samaṃ pakārehi yuttāti sampayuttā. Katarehi pakārehīti? Ekuppādatādīhi. ‘‘Natthi <a name="P0.0042"></a> keci dhammā kehici dhammehi sampayuttāti? Āmantā’’ti hi imassa pañhassa paṭikkhepe ‘‘nanu atthi keci dhammā kehici dhammehi sahagatā sahajātā saṃsaṭṭhā ekuppādā ekanirodhā ekavatthukā ekārammaṇā’’ti (kathā. 473) evaṃ ekuppādatādīnaṃ vasena sampayogattho vutto. Iti imehi ekuppādatādīhi samaṃ pakārehi yuttāti <span class="bld">sampayuttā</span>.</p>
    854. 

  854. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Vipākattike</span> aññamaññavisiṭṭhānaṃ kusalākusalānaṃ pākāti <span class="bld">vipākā</span>. Vipakkabhāvamāpannānaṃ arūpadhammānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vipākadhammadhammā</span>ti vipākasabhāvadhammā. Yathā jātijarāsabhāvā jātijarāpakatikā sattā jātidhammā jarādhammāti vuccanti evaṃ vipākajanakaṭṭhena vipākasabhāvā vipākapakatikā dhammāti attho. Tatiyapadaṃ ubhayasabhāvapaṭikkhepavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
    855. 

  855. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. <span class="bld">Upādinnupādāniyattike</span> ārammaṇakaraṇavasena taṇhādiṭṭhīhi upetena kammunā ādinnā, phalabhāvena gahitāti <span class="bld">upādinnā</span>. Ārammaṇabhāvaṃ <a name="M0.0085"></a> upagantvā upādānasambandhena upādānānaṃ hitāti <span class="bld">upādāniyā</span>. Upādānassa ārammaṇapaccayabhūtānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Upādiṇṇā ca te upādāniyā cāti <span class="bld">upādiṇṇupādāniyā;</span> sāsavakammanibbattānaṃ rūpārūpadhammānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Iti iminā nayena sesapadadvayepi paṭisedhasahito attho veditabbo.</p>
    856. 

  856. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Saṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkilesikattike saṃkilesetīti saṃkileso, vibādhati, upatāpeti cāti attho. Saṃkilesena samannāgatāti <span class="bld">saṃkiliṭṭhā</span>. Attānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanena saṃkilesaṃ arahanti<a name="V0.0090"></a>, saṃkilese vā niyuttā, tassa ārammaṇabhāvānatikkamanatoti <span class="bld">saṃkilesikā</span>. Saṃkilesassa ārammaṇapaccayabhūtānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saṃkiliṭṭhā ca te saṃkilesikā cāti <span class="bld">saṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkilesikā</span>. Sesapadadvayampi purimattike vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    857. 

  857. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakkattike</span> <a name="P0.0043"></a> sampayogavasena vattamānena saha vitakkena <span class="bld">savitakkā</span>. Saha vicārena <span class="bld">savicārā</span>. Savitakkā ca te savicārā cāti <span class="bld">savitakkasavicārā</span>. Ubhayarahitā <span class="bld">avitakkaavicārā</span>. Vitakkavicāresu vicārova mattā, pamāṇaṃ, etesanti vicāramattā. Vicārato uttari vitakkena saddhiṃ sampayogaṃ na gacchantīti attho. Avitakkā ca te vicāramattā cāti <span class="bld">avitakkavicāramattā</span>.</p>
    858. 

  858. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Pītittike</span> pītiyā saha ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gatāti <span class="bld">pītisahagatā,</span> pītisampayuttāti attho. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Upekkhā</span>ti cettha adukkhamasukhā vedanā vuttā. Sā hi sukhadukkhākārappavattiṃ upekkhati, majjhattākārasaṇṭhitattā tenākārena pavattatīti <span class="bld">upekkhā</span>. Iti vedanāttikato padadvayameva gahetvā nippītikassa sukhassa sappītikasukhato visesadassanavasena ayaṃ tiko vutto.</p>
    859. 

  859. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Dassanattike dassanenā</span>ti sotāpattimaggena. So hi paṭhamaṃ nibbānaṃ dassanato <span class="bld">dassana</span>nti vutto. Gotrabhu pana kiñcāpi paṭhamataraṃ passati, yathā pana rañño santikaṃ kenacideva karaṇīyena āgato puriso dūratova rathikāya carantaṃ hatthikkhandhagataṃ rājānaṃ disvāpi ‘diṭṭho te <a name="M0.0086"></a> rājā’ti puṭṭho disvāpi kattabbakiccassa akatattā ‘na passāmī’ti āha. Evameva nibbānaṃ disvāpi kattabbassa kilesappahānassābhāvā na dassananti vuccati. Tañhi ñāṇaṃ maggassa āvajjanaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Bhāvanāyā</span>ti sesamaggattayena. Sesamaggattayañhi paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhasmiṃyeva dhamme bhāvanāvasena uppajjati, adiṭṭhapubbaṃ kiñci na passati, tasmā bhāvanāti vuccati. Tatiyapadaṃ ubhayapaṭikkhepavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
    860. 

  860. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Tadanantarattike</span> dassanena pahātabbo hetu etesanti <span class="bld">dassanena pahātabbahetukā</span>. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. Tatiyapade neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbo hetu etesanti evamatthaṃ aggahetvā neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbo hetu etesaṃ atthīti evamattho gahetabbo<a name="P0.0044"></a><a name="V0.0091"></a>. Itarathā hi ahetukānaṃ aggahaṇaṃ bhaveyya; hetuyeva hi tesaṃ natthi yo dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbo siyā. Sahetukesupi hetuvajjānaṃ pahānaṃ āpajjati, na hetūnaṃ; hetuyeva hi etesaṃ ‘neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbo’ti vutto, na te dhammā. Ubhayampi cetaṃ anadhippetaṃ. Tasmā neva dassanena na bhāvanāya pahātabbo hetu etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">nevadassanena nabhāvanāya pahātabbahetukā</span>ti ayamattho gahetabbo.</p>
    861. 

  861. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. <span class="bld">Ācayagāmittike</span> kammakilesehi āciyatīti ācayo. Paṭisandhicutigatippavattānaṃ etaṃ nāmaṃ. Tassa kāraṇaṃ hutvā nipphādanakabhāvena taṃ ācayaṃ gacchanti, yassa vā pavattanti taṃ puggalaṃ yathāvuttameva ācayaṃ gamentītipi <span class="bld">ācayagāmino;</span> sāsavakusalākusalānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tato eva ācayasaṅkhātā cayā apetattā, nibbānaṃ apetaṃ cayāti apacayo. Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanato apacayaṃ gacchantīti <span class="bld">apacayagāmino;</span> ariyamaggānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Apica pākāraṃ iṭṭhakavaḍḍhakī viya pavattaṃ ācinantā gacchantīti ācayagāmino. Tena citaṃ citaṃ iṭṭhakaṃ viddhaṃsayamāno puriso viya tadeva pavattaṃ apacinantā gacchantīti apacayagāmino. Tatiyapadaṃ ubhayapaṭikkhepena vuttaṃ.</p>
    862. 

  862. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Sekkhattike</span> tīsu sikkhāsu jātāti <span class="bld">sekkhā</span>. Sattannaṃ sekkhānaṃ etetipi <span class="bld">sekkhā</span>. Apariyositasikkhattā sayameva sikkhantītipi <span class="bld">sekkhā</span><a name="M0.0087"></a>. Upari sikkhitabbābhāvato na sekkhāti <span class="bld">asekkhā</span>. Vuḍḍhippattā vā sekkhātipi asekkhā. Arahattaphaladhammānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tatiyapadaṃ ubhayapaṭikkhepena vuttaṃ.</p>
    863. 

  863. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Parittattike</span> samantato khaṇḍitattā appamattakaṃ parittanti vuccati; ‘parittaṃ gomayapiṇḍa’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 3.96) viya. Imepi appānubhāvatāya parittā viyāti <span class="bld">parittā;</span> kāmāvacaradhammānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Kilesavikkhambhanasamatthatāya vipulaphalatāya dīghasantānatāya ca mahantabhāvaṃ gatā, mahantehi vā uḷāracchandavīriyacittapaññehi gatā paṭipannātipi <span class="bld">mahaggatā</span>. Pamāṇakarā <a name="P0.0045"></a> dhammā rāgādayo pamāṇaṃ nāma. Ārammaṇato vā sampayogato vā natthi etesaṃ pamāṇaṃ, pamāṇassa ca paṭipakkhāti <span class="bld">appamāṇā</span>.</p>
    864. 

  864. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. <span class="bld">Parittārammaṇattike</span> <a name="V0.0092"></a> parittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">parittārammaṇā</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
    865. 

  865. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. <span class="bld">Hīnattike hīnā</span>ti lāmakā akusalā dhammā. Hīnappaṇītānaṃ majjhe bhavāti <span class="bld">majjhimā</span>. Avasesā tebhūmakā dhammā uttamaṭṭhena atappakaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">paṇītā;</span> lokuttarā dhammā.</p>
    866. 

  866. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para15"></a><span class="paranum">15</span>. <span class="bld">Micchattattike</span> ‘hitasukhāvahā me bhavissantī’ti evaṃ āsīsitāpi tathā abhāvato, ‘asubhādīsuyeva subha’ntiādi viparītappavattito ca micchāsabhāvāti <span class="bld">micchattā;</span> vipākadāne sati khandhabhedānantarameva vipākadānato <span class="bld">niyatā;</span> micchattā ca te niyatā cāti <span class="bld">micchattaniyatā</span>. Vuttaviparītena atthena sammāsabhāvāti <span class="bld">sammattā;</span> sammattā ca te niyatā ca anantarameva phaladānenāti <span class="bld">sammattaniyatā</span>. Ubhayathāpi na niyatāti <span class="bld">aniyatā</span>.</p>
    867. 

  867. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. <span class="bld">Maggārammaṇattike</span> nibbānaṃ maggati, gavesati, kilese vā mārento gacchatīti maggo. Maggo ārammaṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">maggārammaṇā</span>. Aṭṭhaṅgikopi maggo paccayaṭṭhena etesaṃ hetūti <span class="bld">maggahetukā</span>. Maggasampayuttā vā hetū magge vā hetūti maggahetū. Te etesaṃ hetūtipi <a name="M0.0088"></a> maggahetukā. Sammādiṭṭhi sayaṃ maggo ceva hetu ca. Iti maggo hetu etesantipi maggahetukā. Abhibhavitvā pavattanaṭṭhena maggo adhipati etesanti <span class="bld">maggādhipatino</span>.</p>
    868. 

  868. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para17"></a><span class="paranum">17</span>. <span class="bld">Uppannattike</span> uppādato paṭṭhāya yāva bhaṅgā uddhaṃ pannā gatā pavattāti <span class="bld">uppannā</span>. Na uppannāti <span class="bld">anuppannā</span>. Pariniṭṭhitakāraṇekadesattā avassaṃ uppajjissantīti <span class="bld">uppādino</span>.</p>
    869. 

  869. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para18"></a><span class="paranum">18</span>. <span class="bld">Atītattike</span> attano sabhāvaṃ uppādādikkhaṇaṃ vā patvā atikkantāti <span class="bld">atītā</span>. Tadubhayampi na āgatāti <span class="bld">anāgatā</span>. Taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca uppannāti <span class="bld">paccuppannā</span>.</p>
    870. 

  870. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. <span class="bld">Anantarattike</span> atītaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">atītārammaṇā</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
    871. 

  871. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para20"></a><span class="paranum">20</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhattattike</span> <a name="P0.0046"></a> ‘evaṃ pavattamānā mayaṃ attā’ti gahaṇaṃ, ‘gamissāmā’ti iminā viya <a name="V0.0093"></a> adhippāyena attānaṃ adhikāraṃ katvā pavattāti <span class="bld">ajjhattā</span>. ‘Ajjhatta’-saddo panāyaṃ gocarajjhatte niyakajjhatte ajjhattajjhatte visayajjhatteti catūsu atthesu dissati. ‘‘Tenānanda, bhikkhunā tasmiṃyeva purimasmiṃ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṃ saṇṭhapetabbaṃ’’ (ma. ni. 3.188), ‘‘ajjhattarato samāhito’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 362) hi ayaṃ gocarajjhatte dissati. ‘‘Ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ’’ (dī. ni. 1.228; dha. sa. 161), ‘‘ajjhattaṃ vā dhammesu dhammānupassī viharatī’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.373) niyakajjhatte. ‘‘Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.304) ajjhattajjhatte. ‘‘Ayaṃ kho panānanda, vihāro tathāgatena abhisambuddho yadidaṃ sabbanimittānaṃ amanasikārā ajjhattaṃ suññataṃ upasampajja viharatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.187) visayajjhatte; issariyaṭṭhāneti attho. Phalasamāpatti hi buddhānaṃ issariyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Idha pana niyakajjhatte adhippeto. Tasmā attano santāne pavattā pāṭipuggalikā dhammā ajjhattāti veditabbā. Tato bāhirabhūtā pana indriyabaddhā vā anindriyabaddhā vā <span class="bld">bahiddhā</span> nāma. Tatiyapadaṃ tadubhayavasena vuttaṃ.</p>
    872. 

  872. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. Anantarattiko <a name="M0.0089"></a> teyeva tippakārepi dhamme ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattanavasena vutto.</p>
    873. 

  873. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Sanidassanattike</span> daṭṭhabbabhāvasaṅkhātena saha nidassanenāti sanidassanā. Paṭihananabhāvasaṅkhātena saha paṭighenāti sappaṭighā. Sanidassanā ca te sappaṭighā cāti <span class="bld">sanidassanasappaṭighā</span>. Natthi etesaṃ daṭṭhabbabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ nidassananti anidassanā. Anidassanā ca te vuttanayeneva sappaṭighā cāti <span class="bld">anidassanasappaṭighā</span>. Tatiyapadaṃ ubhayapaṭikkhepena vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva tikamātikāya anupubbapadavaṇṇanā.</p>
    874. 

  874. <p class="centered">Tikamātikāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    875. 

  875. <p class="chapter">Dukamātikāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
    876. 

  876. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1-6"></a><span class="paranum">1-6</span>. Dukamātikāyaṃ pana tikesu anāgatapadavaṇṇanaṃyeva karissāma. <span class="bld">Hetugocchake</span> tāva <span class="bld">hetudhammā</span>ti <a name="V0.0094"></a> mūlaṭṭhena hetusaṅkhātā dhammā. Hetū dhammātipi pāṭho. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P0.0047"></a> <span class="bld">hetū</span>ti tesaṃyeva paṭikkhepavacanaṃ. Sampayogato pavattena saha hetunāti <span class="bld">sahetukā</span>. Tatheva pavatto natthi etesaṃ hetūti <span class="bld">ahetukā</span>. Ekuppādāditāya hetunā sampayuttāti <span class="bld">hetusampayuttā</span>. Hetunā vippayuttāti <span class="bld">hetuvippayuttā</span>. Imesaṃ dvinnampi dukānaṃ kiñcāpi atthato nānattaṃ natthi, desanāvilāsena pana tathā bujjhantānaṃ vā puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena vuttā. Tato paraṃ paṭhamadukaṃ dutiyatatiyehi saddhiṃ yojetvā tesaṃ ‘hetū na hetū’tiādīnaṃ padānaṃ vasena yathāsambhavato aparepi tayo dukā vuttā. Tattha yatheva ‘hetū ceva dhammā sahetukā cā’ti etaṃ sambhavati, tathā ‘hetū ceva dhammā ahetukā cā’ti idampi. Yathā ca ‘sahetukā ceva dhammā na ca hetū’ti etaṃ sambhavati, tathā ‘ahetukā ceva dhammā na ca hetū’ti idampi. Hetusampayuttadukena saddhiṃ yojanāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
    877. 

  877. <p class="bodytext">Tatra yadetaṃ ‘na hetū dhammā sahetukāpi ahetukāpī’ti siddhe, ‘na hetū kho pana dhammā’ti atirittaṃ ‘kho panā’ti padaṃ vuttaṃ, tassa vasena <a name="M0.0090"></a> ayaṃ atirekattho saṅgahitoti veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Na kevalaṃ ‘na hetu dhammā atha kho aññepi na ca sahetukāpi ahetukāpi icceva, atha kho aññathāpīti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yatheva hi ‘na hetū dhammā sahetukāpi ahetukāpi’, evaṃ ‘hetū dhammā sahetukāpi ahetukāpi’. Yathā ca ‘na hetū dhammā sahetukāpi ahetukāpi’, evaṃ ‘na hetū dhammā hetusampayuttāpi hetuvippayuttāpī’ti.</p>
    878. 

  878. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para7-13"></a><span class="paranum">7-13</span>. <span class="bld">Cūḷantaradukesu</span> attano nipphādakena saha paccayenāti <span class="bld">sappaccayā</span>. Natthi etesaṃ uppāde vā ṭhitiyaṃ vā paccayoti <span class="bld">appaccayā</span>. Paccayehi samāgantvā katāti <span class="bld">saṅkhatā</span>. Na saṅkhatāti <span class="bld">asaṅkhatā</span>. Avinibbhogavasena rūpaṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">rūpino</span>. Tathāvidhaṃ natthi etesaṃ rūpanti <span class="bld">arūpino</span>. Ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ vā rūpaṃ; taṃ etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">rūpino</span>. Na rūpino arūpino. <span class="bld">Lokiyā dhammā</span>ti <span class="bld">loko</span> vuccati lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena vaṭṭaṃ; tasmiṃ pariyāpannabhāvena loke niyuttāti <span class="bld">lokiyā</span>. Tato <a name="P0.0048"></a> uttiṇṇāti uttarā; loke apariyāpannabhāvena lokato uttarāti <span class="bld">lokuttarā. Kenaci viññeyyā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇādīsu kenaci ekena cakkhuviññāṇena vā sotaviññāṇena vā vijānitabbā. <span class="bld">Kenaci na viññeyyā</span>ti teneva cakkhuviññāṇena vā sotaviññāṇena vā na vijānitabbā. Evaṃ sante dvinnampi padānaṃ atthanānattato duko hoti.</p>
    879. 

  879. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para14-19"></a><span class="paranum">14-19</span>. <span class="bld">Āsavagocchake</span> <a name="V0.0095"></a> āsavantīti <span class="bld">āsavā</span>. Cakkhutopi…pe… manatopi sandanti pavattantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Dhammato yāva gotrabhuṃ, okāsato yāva bhavaggaṃ savantīti vā <span class="bld">āsavā</span>. Ete dhamme etañca okāsaṃ antokaritvā pavattantīti attho. Antokaraṇattho hi ayaṃ <span class="bld">‘ā’</span>kāro. Cirapārivāsiyaṭṭhena madirādayo āsavā. Āsavā viyātipi <span class="bld">āsavā</span>. Lokasmiñhi cirapārivāsikā madirādayo āsavāti vuccanti. Yadi ca cirapārivāsiyaṭṭhena āsavā, eteyeva bhavitumarahanti. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya, ito pubbe avijjā nāhosī’’tiādi (a. ni. 10.61). Āyataṃ vā saṃsāradukkhaṃ savanti pasavantītipi <span class="bld">āsavā</span>. Tato aññe <span class="bld">no āsavā</span> nāma. Attānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattehi <a name="M0.0091"></a> saha āsavehīti <span class="bld">sāsavā</span>. Evaṃ pavattamānā natthi etesaṃ āsavāti <span class="bld">anāsavā</span>. Sesaṃ hetugocchake vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yathā tattha ‘na hetū kho pana dhammā sahetukāpi ahetukāpīti ayaṃ osānaduko paṭhamadukassa dutiyapadaṃ ādimhi ṭhapetvā vutto, evaṃ idha ‘no āsavā kho pana dhammā sāsavāpi anāsavāpī’ti na vutto. Kiñcāpi na vutto, atha kho ayañca añño ca bhedo tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
    880. 

  880. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para20-25"></a><span class="paranum">20-25</span>. <span class="bld">Saṃyojanagocchake</span> yassa saṃvijjanti, taṃ puggalaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ saṃyojenti bandhantīti <span class="bld">saṃyojanā</span>. Tato aññe <span class="bld">no saṃyojanā</span> nāma. Ārammaṇabhāvaṃ upagantvā saṃyojanasambandhane saṃyojanānaṃ hitāti <span class="bld">saṃyojaniyā</span>. Saṃyojanassa ārammaṇapaccayabhūtānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Na saṃyojaniyā <a name="P0.0049"></a> <span class="bld">asaṃyojaniyā</span>. Sesaṃ hetugocchake vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.</p>
    881. 

  881. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para26-31"></a><span class="paranum">26-31</span>. <span class="bld">Ganthagocchake</span> yassa saṃvijjanti taṃ cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ganthenti ghaṭentīti <span class="bld">ganthā</span>. Tato aññe <span class="bld">no ganthā</span>. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena ganthehi ganthitabbāti <span class="bld">ganthaniyā</span>. Sesaṃ hetugocchake vuttanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Yathā ca idha, evaṃ ito paresupi vuttāvasesaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    882. 

  882. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para32-37"></a><span class="paranum">32-37</span>. <span class="bld">Oghagocchake</span> yassa saṃvijjanti taṃ vaṭṭasmiṃyeva ohananti osīdāpentīti <span class="bld">oghā</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ katvā atikkamanīyato oghehi atikkamitabbāti <span class="bld">oghaniyā</span>. Oghānaṃ ārammaṇadhammā eva veditabbā.</p>
    883. 

  883. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para38-43"></a><span class="paranum">38-43</span>. <span class="bld">Yogagocchake</span> <a name="V0.0096"></a> vaṭṭasmiṃ yojentīti <span class="bld">yogā. Yoganiyā</span> oghaniyā viya veditabbā.</p>
    884. 

  884. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para44-49"></a><span class="paranum">44-49</span>. <span class="bld">Nīvaraṇagocchake</span> cittaṃ nīvaranti pariyonandhantīti <span class="bld">nīvaraṇā. Nīvaraṇiyā</span> saṃyojaniyā viya veditabbā.</p>
    885. 

  885. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para50-54"></a><span class="paranum">50-54</span>. <span class="bld">Parāmāsagocchake</span> <a name="M0.0092"></a> dhammānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ aniccādiākāraṃ atikkamitvā ‘nicca’nti ādivasena pavattamānā parato āmasantīti <span class="bld">parāmāsā</span>. Parāmāsehi ārammaṇakaraṇavasena parāmaṭṭhattā <span class="bld">parāmaṭṭhā</span>.</p>
    886. 

  886. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para55-68"></a><span class="paranum">55-68</span>. <span class="bld">Mahantaradukesu</span> ārammaṇaṃ aggahetvā appavattito saha ārammaṇenāti <span class="bld">sārammaṇā</span>. Natthi etesaṃ ārammaṇanti <span class="bld">anārammaṇā</span>. Cintanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cittā,</span> vicittaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">cittā</span>. Avippayogavasena cetasi niyuttāti <span class="bld">cetasikā</span>. Nirantarabhāvūpagamanatāya, uppādato yāva bhaṅgā, cittena saṃsaṭṭhāti <span class="bld">cittasaṃsaṭṭhā</span>. Ekato vattamānāpi nirantarabhāvaṃ anupagamanatāya cittena visaṃsaṭṭhāti <span class="bld">cittavisaṃsaṭṭhā</span>. Samuṭṭhahanti etenāti samuṭṭhānaṃ. Cittaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ etesanti <span class="bld">cittasamuṭṭhānā</span>. Saha bhavantīti sahabhuno. Cittena sahabhuno <span class="bld">cittasahabhuno</span>. Anuparivattantīti anuparivattino. Kiṃ anuparivattanti? Cittaṃ. Cittassa anuparivattino <span class="bld">cittānuparivattino</span>. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhā ca te cittasamuṭṭhānā cāti <span class="bld">cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānā</span>. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhā <a name="P0.0050"></a> ca te cittasamuṭṭhānā ca cittasahabhuno eva cāti <span class="bld">cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānasahabhuno</span>. Cittasaṃsaṭṭhā ca te cittasamuṭṭhānā ca cittānuparivattino eva cāti <span class="bld">cittasaṃsaṭṭhasamuṭṭhānānuparivattino</span>. Sesāni sabbapadāni vuttapadānaṃ paṭikkhepavasena veditabbāni. Ajjhattajjhattaṃ sandhāya ajjhattattike vuttavasena ajjhattāva <span class="bld">ajjhattikā</span>. Tato bahibhūtāti <span class="bld">bāhirā</span>. Upādiyanteva bhūtāni, na bhūtāni viya upādiyantīti <span class="bld">upādā</span>. Na upādiyantevāti <span class="bld">noupādā</span>.</p>
    887. 

  887. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para69-74"></a><span class="paranum">69-74</span>. <span class="bld">Upādānagocchake</span> bhusaṃ ādiyantīti <span class="bld">upādānā;</span> daḷhaggāhaṃ gaṇhantīti attho. Tato aññe noupādānā.</p>
    888. 

  888. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para75-82"></a><span class="paranum">75-82</span>. <span class="bld">Kilesagocchake</span> saṃkiliṭṭhattike vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo.</p>
    889. 

  889. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para83-100"></a><span class="paranum">83-100</span>. <span class="bld">Piṭṭhidukesu</span> <a name="V0.0097"></a> kāme avacarantīti <span class="bld">kāmāvacarā</span> rūpe avacarantīti <span class="bld">rūpāvacarā</span>. Arūpe avacarantīti <span class="bld">arūpāvacarā</span>. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana parato āvi bhavissati. Tebhūmakavaṭṭe pariyāpannā antogadhāti <span class="bld">pariyāpannā</span>. Tasmiṃ na pariyāpannāti <span class="bld">apariyāpannā</span>. Vaṭṭamūlaṃ chindantā nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vaṭṭato niyyantīti <span class="bld">niyyānikā</span>. Iminā <a name="M0.0093"></a> lakkhaṇena na niyyantīti <span class="bld">aniyyānikā</span>. Cutiyā vā attano vā pavattiyā anantaraṃ phaladāne niyatattā <span class="bld">niyatā</span>. Tathā aniyatattā <span class="bld">aniyatā</span>. Aññe dhamme uttaranti pajahantīti <span class="bld">uttarā</span>. Attānaṃ uttarituṃ samatthehi saha uttarehīti <span class="bld">sauttarā</span>. Natthi etesaṃ uttarāti <span class="bld">anuttarā</span>. Raṇanti etehīti raṇā; yehi abhibhūtā sattā nānappakārena kandanti paridevanti, tesaṃ rāgādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sampayogavasena pahānekaṭṭhatāvasena ca saha raṇehīti <span class="bld">saraṇā</span>. Tenākārena natthi etesaṃ raṇāti <span class="bld">araṇā</span>.</p>
    890. 

  890. <p class="subhead">Suttantikadukamātikāpadavaṇṇanā</p>
    891. 

  891. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para101-108"></a><span class="paranum">101-108</span>. Suttantikadukesu sampayogavasena vijjaṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">vijjābhāgino;</span> vijjābhāge vijjākoṭṭhāse vattantītipi vijjābhāgino. Tattha vipassanāñāṇaṃ, manomayiddhi, cha abhiññāti aṭṭha vijjā. Purimena atthena tāhi sampayuttadhammāpi vijjābhāgino. Pacchimena <a name="P0.0051"></a> atthena tāsu yā kāci ekā vijjā vijjā. Sesā vijjābhāginoti. Evaṃ vijjāpi vijjāya sampayuttadhammāpi vijjābhāginotveva veditabbā. Idha pana sampayuttadhammāva adhippetā. Sampayogavaseneva avijjaṃ bhajantīti <span class="bld">avijjābhāgino</span>. Avijjābhāge avijjākoṭṭhāse vattantītipi avijjābhāgino. Tattha dukkhapaṭicchādakaṃ tamo samudayādipaṭicchādakanti catasso avijjā. Purimanayeneva tāhi sampayuttadhammāpi avijjābhāgino. Tāsu yā kāci ekā avijjā avijjā. Sesā avijjābhāginoti. Evaṃ avijjāpi avijjāya sampayuttadhammāpi avijjābhāginotveva veditabbā. Idha pana sampayuttadhammāva adhippetā.</p>
    892. 

  892. <p class="bodytext">Puna anajjhottharaṇabhāvena kilesandhakāraṃ viddhaṃsetuṃ asamatthatāya vijju upamā etesanti <span class="bld">vijjūpamā</span>. Nissesaṃ viddhaṃsanasamatthatāya vajiraṃ upamā etesanti vajirūpamā. Bālesu ṭhitattā yattha ṭhitā tadupacārena <span class="bld">bālā</span>. Paṇḍitesu ṭhitattā <span class="bld">paṇḍitā</span>. Bālakarattā vā bālā, paṇḍitakarattā <a name="V0.0098"></a> paṇḍitā. <span class="bld">Kaṇhā</span>ti kāḷakā, cittassa apabhassarabhāvakaraṇā. <span class="bld">Sukkā</span>ti odātā<a name="M0.0094"></a>, cittassa pabhassarabhāvakaraṇā. Kaṇhābhijātihetuto vā <span class="bld">kaṇhā;</span> sukkābhijātihetuto <span class="bld">sukkā</span>. Idha ceva samparāye ca tapentīti <span class="bld">tapanīyā</span>. Na tapanīyā <span class="bld">atapanīyā</span>.</p>
    893. 

  893. <p class="bodytext">Adhivacanadukādayo tayo atthato ninnānākaraṇā; byañjanamevettha nānaṃ. Sirivaḍḍhako dhanavaḍḍhakoti ādayo hi vacanamattameva adhikāraṃ katvā pavattā <span class="bld">adhivacanā</span> nāma. Adhivacanānaṃ pathā <span class="bld">adhivacanapathā</span>. ‘‘Abhisaṅkharontīti kho, bhikkhave, tasmā saṅkhārā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.79) evaṃ niddhāretvā sahetukaṃ katvā vuccamānā abhilāpā <span class="bld">nirutti</span> nāma. Niruttīnaṃ pathā <span class="bld">niruttipathā</span>. Takko vitakko saṅkappoti (dha. sa. 7) evaṃ tena tena pakārena ñāpanato <span class="bld">paññatti</span> nāma. Paññattīnaṃ pathā <span class="bld">paññattipathā</span>. Ettha <a name="P0.0052"></a> ca ekaṃ dukaṃ vatvāpi itaresaṃ vacane payojanaṃ hetugocchake vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    894. 

  894. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para109-118"></a><span class="paranum">109-118</span>. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpaduke</span> nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena namanaṭṭhena nāmanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">nāmaṃ</span>. Ruppanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span>. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana <span class="bld">nikkhepakaṇḍe</span> āvi bhavissati. <span class="bld">Avijjā</span>ti dukkhādīsu aññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhavataṇhā</span>ti bhavapatthanā. <span class="bld">Bhavadiṭṭhī</span>ti bhavo vuccati sassataṃ; sassatavasena uppajjanadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Vibhavadiṭṭhī</span>ti vibhavo vuccati ucchedaṃ; ucchedavasena uppajjanadiṭṭhi. Sassato attā ca loko cāti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">sassatadiṭṭhi</span>. Ucchijjissatīti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">ucchedadiṭṭhi</span>. Antavāti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">antavādiṭṭhi</span>. Anantavāti pavattā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">anantavādiṭṭhi</span>. Pubbantaṃ anugatā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">pubbantānudiṭṭhi</span>. Aparantaṃ anugatā diṭṭhi <span class="bld">aparantānudiṭṭhi</span>. <span class="bld">Ahirika</span>nti yaṃ na hiriyati hiriyitabbenāti (dha. sa. 387) evaṃ vitthāritā nillajjatā. <span class="bld">Anottappa</span>nti yaṃ na ottappati ottappitabbenāti evaṃ vitthārito abhāyanakaākāro. Hiriyanā <span class="bld">hirī,</span> ottappanā <span class="bld">ottappaṃ</span>. Dovacassatādīsu dukkhaṃ vaco etasmiṃ vippaṭikūlagāhimhi vipaccanīkasāte anādare puggaleti <span class="bld">dubbaco</span>. Tassa kammaṃ dovacassaṃ. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">dovacassatā</span>. Pāpā assaddhādayo puggalā etassa mittāti pāpamitto; tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāpamittatā. Sovacassatā ca kalyāṇamittatā ca</span> vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbā.</p>
    895. 

  895. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para119-123"></a><span class="paranum">119-123</span>. ‘Pañcapi <a name="M0.0095"></a> āpattikkhandhā āpattiyo, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattiyo’ti (dha. sa. 1336) evaṃ vuttāsu āpattīsu kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">āpattikusalatā</span>. Tāhi <a name="V0.0099"></a> āpattīhi vuṭṭhāne kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā</span>. Samāpattīsu kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">samāpattikusalatā</span>. Samāpattīnaṃ appanāparicchedapaññāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Samāpattīhi <a name="P0.0053"></a> vuṭṭhāne kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā</span>. Aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">dhātukusalatā</span>. Tāsaṃyeva dhātūnaṃ manasikāre kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">manasikārakusalatā</span>. Cakkhāyatanādīsu kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">āyatanakusalatā</span>. Dvādasaṅge paṭiccasamuppāde kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā</span>. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">ṭhānakusalatā</span>. Ṭhānanti kāraṇaṃ vuccati. Tasmiñhi tadāyattavuttitāya phalaṃ tiṭṭhati nāma, tasmā <span class="bld">ṭhāna</span>nti vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhāne kusalabhāvo <span class="bld">aṭṭhānakusalatā</span>.</p>
    896. 

  896. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para124-134"></a><span class="paranum">124-134</span>. Ujubhāvo <span class="bld">ajjavo</span>. Mudubhāvo <span class="bld">maddavo</span>. Adhivāsanasaṅkhāto khamanabhāvo <span class="bld">khanti</span>. Suratassa bhāvo <span class="bld">soraccaṃ</span>. Sammodakamudubhāvasaṅkhāto sakhilabhāvo <span class="bld">sākhalyaṃ</span>. Yathā parehi saddhiṃ attano chiddaṃ na hoti evaṃ dhammāmisehi paṭisantharaṇaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisanthāro</span>. Indriyasaṃvarabhedasaṅkhāto manacchaṭṭhesu indriyesu aguttadvārabhāvo <span class="bld">indriyesu aguttadvāratā</span>. Paṭiggahaṇaparibhogavasena bhojane mattaṃ ajānanabhāvo <span class="bld">bhojane amattaññutā</span>. Anantaraduko vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo. Sativippavāsasaṅkhāto muṭṭhassatibhāvo <span class="bld">muṭṭhassaccaṃ</span>. Asampajānabhāvo <span class="bld">asampajaññaṃ</span>. Saratīti <span class="bld">sati</span>. Sampajānātīti <span class="bld">sampajaññaṃ</span>. Appaṭisaṅkhāne akampanaṭṭhena paṭisaṅkhānasaṅkhātaṃ balaṃ <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhānabalaṃ</span>. Vīriyasīsena satta bojjhaṅge bhāventassa uppannaṃ balaṃ <span class="bld">bhāvanābalaṃ</span>. Paccanīkadhamme sametīti <span class="bld">samatho</span>. Aniccādivasena vividhena ākārena passatīti <span class="bld">vipassanā</span>. Samathova taṃ ākāraṃ gahetvā puna pavattetabbassa samathassa nimittavasena <span class="bld">samathanimittaṃ</span>. Paggāhanimittepi eseva nayo. Sampayuttadhamme <a name="P0.0054"></a> paggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">paggāho</span>. Na vikkhipatīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>.</p>
    897. 

  897. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para135-142"></a><span class="paranum">135-142</span>. Sīlavināsikā asaṃvarasaṅkhātā sīlassa vipatti <span class="bld">sīlavipatti</span>. Sammādiṭṭhivināsikā micchādiṭṭhisaṅkhātā diṭṭhiyā vipatti <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipatti</span>. Soraccameva <a name="M0.0096"></a> sīlassa sampādanato sīlaparipūraṇato sīlassa sampadāti <span class="bld">sīlasampadā</span>. Diṭṭhipāripūribhūtaṃ ñāṇaṃ diṭṭhiyā sampadāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhisampadā</span>. Visuddhibhāvaṃ sampattā sīlasaṅkhātā sīlassa visuddhi, <span class="bld">sīlavisuddhi</span>. Nibbānasaṅkhātaṃ visuddhiṃ pāpetuṃ samatthā, dassanasaṅkhātā, diṭṭhiyā visuddhi <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisuddhi</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhivisuddhi kho pana yathādiṭṭhissa ca padhāna</span>nti kammassakataññāṇādisaṅkhātā diṭṭhivisuddhi ceva <span class="bld">yathādiṭṭhissa</span> ca anurūpadiṭṭhissa kalyāṇadiṭṭhissa taṃsampayuttameva padhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvego</span>ti jātiādīni <a name="V0.0100"></a> paṭicca uppannabhayasaṅkhātaṃ saṃvijjanaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃvejaniyaṭṭhāna</span>nti saṃvegajanakaṃ jātiādikāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃviggassa ca yonisopadhāna</span>nti evaṃ saṃvegajātassa upāyapadhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asantuṭṭhitā ca kusalesu dhammesū</span>ti kusaladhammapūraṇe asantuṭṭhibhāvo. <span class="bld">Appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmi</span>nti arahattaṃ apatvā padhānasmiṃ anivattanatā anosakkanatā. Vijānanato <span class="bld">vijjā</span>. Vimuccanato <span class="bld">vimutti. Khaye ñāṇa</span>nti kilesakkhayakare ariyamagge ñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuppāde ñāṇa</span>nti paṭisandhivasena anuppādabhūte taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesānaṃ anuppādapariyosāne uppanne ariyaphale ñāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ mātikāya anupubbapadavaṇṇanā.</p>
    898. 

  898. <p class="centered">Dukamātikāpadavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    899. 

  899. <p class="chapter">Kāmāvacarakusalapadabhājanīyaṃ</p>
    900. 

  900. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0097"></a><a name="V0.0101"></a> yathānikkhittāya mātikāya saṅgahite dhamme pabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>ti idaṃ padabhājanīyaṃ āraddhaṃ. Tattha yadetaṃ <span class="bld">yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī</span>ti paṭhamaṃ kāmāvacarakusalaṃ dassitaṃ, tassa tāva niddese dhammavavatthānavāro <a name="P0.0055"></a> saṅgahavāro suññatavāroti tayo mahāvārā honti. Tesu dhammavavatthānavāro uddesaniddesavasena dvidhā ṭhito. Tesu uddesavārassa pucchā, samayaniddeso, dhammuddeso, appanāti cattāro paricchedā. Tesu <span class="bld">‘katame dhammā kusalā’</span>ti ayaṃ pucchā nāma. <span class="bld">‘Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ…pe… tasmiṃ samaye’</span>ti ayaṃ samayaniddeso nāma. <span class="bld">‘Phasso hoti…pe… avikkhepo hotī’</span>ti ayaṃ dhammuddeso nāma. <span class="bld">‘Ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ime dhammā kusalā’</span>ti ayaṃ appanā nāma.</p>
    901. 

  901. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ catūhi paricchedehi ṭhitassa uddesavārassa yvāyaṃ paṭhamo pucchāparicchedo, tattha ‘katame dhammā kusalā’ti ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchā. <span class="bld">Pañcavidhāhi pucchā</span> – adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā, diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā, vimaticchedanāpucchā, anumatipucchā, kathetukamyatāpucchāti. Tāsaṃ idaṃ nānattaṃ –</p>
    902. 

  902. <p class="bodytext">Katamā adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā? Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ aññātaṃ hoti, adiṭṭhaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ. Tassa ñāṇāya dassanāya tulanāya tīraṇāya vibhūtatthāya vibhāvanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati. Ayaṃ adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā (mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12).</p>
    903. 

  903. <p class="bodytext">Katamā diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā? Pakatiyā lakkhaṇaṃ ñātaṃ hoti, diṭṭhaṃ tulitaṃ tīritaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhāvitaṃ, so aññehi paṇḍitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanatthāya pañhaṃ pucchati. Ayaṃ diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā (mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12).</p>
    904. 

  904. <p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="M0.0098"></a> vimaticchedanāpucchā? Pakatiyā saṃsayapakkhando hoti, vimatipakkhando dveḷhakajāto – ‘evaṃ nu kho, nanu kho, kiṃ nu kho, kathaṃ nu kho’ti. So vimaticchedanatthāya <a name="V0.0102"></a> pañhaṃ pucchati. Ayaṃ vimaticchedanāpucchā (mahāni. 150; cūḷani. puṇṇakamāṇavapucchāniddesa 12).</p>
    905. 

  905. <p class="bodytext">Katamā anumatipucchā? Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā pañhaṃ pucchati – ‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’ti? ‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’. ‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’ti? ‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’<a name="P0.0056"></a>. ‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti? ‘Nohetaṃ, bhante’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.79; mahāva. 21). Ayaṃ anumatipucchā.</p>
    906. 

  906. <p class="bodytext">Katamā kathetukamyatāpucchā? Bhagavā bhikkhūnaṃ kathetukamyatāya pañhaṃ pucchati. ‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhānā. Katame cattāro’’ti (dī. ni. 2.373)? Ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchāti.</p>
    907. 

  907. <p class="bodytext">Tattha buddhānaṃ purimā tisso pucchā natthi. Kasmā? Buddhānañhi tīsu addhāsu kiñci saṅkhataṃ, addhāvimuttaṃ vā asaṅkhataṃ, adiṭṭhaṃ anaññātaṃ ajotitaṃ atulitaṃ atīritaṃ avibhūtaṃ avibhāvitaṃ nāma natthi. Tena tesaṃ adiṭṭhajotanāpucchā natthi. Yaṃ pana bhagavatā attano ñāṇena paṭividdhaṃ, tassa aññena samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā saddhiṃ saṃsandanakiccaṃ natthi. Tenassa diṭṭhasaṃsandanāpucchā natthi. Yasmā panesa akathaṃkathī tiṇṇavicikiccho sabbadhammesu vihatasaṃsayo, tenassa vimaticchedanāpucchā natthi. Itarā dve pana pucchā bhagavato atthi. Tāsu ayaṃ kathetukamyatāpucchāti veditabbā.</p>
    908. 

  908. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘katame’</span>tipadena niddisitabbadhamme pucchati. ‘Dhammā kusalā’ti hi vacanamattena ‘kiṃ katā kiṃ vā karontī’ti na sakkā ñātuṃ. ‘Katame’ti vutte pana tesaṃ puṭṭhabhāvo paññāyati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘katametipadena niddisitabbadhamme pucchatī’ti. <span class="bld">‘Dhammā kusalā’</span>tipadadvayena pucchāya puṭṭhadhamme dasseti. Tesaṃ attho heṭṭhā pakāsitova.</p>
    909. 

  909. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha mātikāyaṃ viya ‘kusalā dhammā’ti avatvā ‘dhammā kusalā’ti padānukkamo katoti? Pabhedato dhammānaṃ desanaṃ dīpetvā pabhedavantadassanatthaṃ. Imasmiñhi abhidhamme <a name="V0.0103"></a> dhammāva desetabbā. Te ca kusalādīhi pabhedehi anekappabhedā. Tasmā dhammāyeva idha desetabbā<a name="M0.0099"></a>. Nāyaṃ vohāradesanā. Te ca anekappabhedato desetabbā, na dhammamattato. Pabhedato hi desanā ghanavinibbhogapaṭisambhidāñāṇāvahā hotīti ‘kusalā dhammā’ti evaṃ pabhedato dhammānaṃ desanaṃ dīpetvā, idāni ye tena pabhedena desetabbā dhammā te <a name="P0.0057"></a> dassetuṃ, ayaṃ <span class="bld">‘katame dhammā kusalā’</span>ti padānukkamo katoti veditabbo. Pabhedavantesu hi dassitesu pabhedo dassiyamāno yujjati suviññeyyo ca hotīti.</p>
    910. 

  910. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ citta</span>nti. Ettha –</p>
    911. 

  911. <p class="gatha1">Samaye niddisi cittaṃ, cittena samayaṃ muni;</p>
    912. 

  912. <p class="gathalast">Niyametvāna dīpetuṃ, dhamme tattha pabhedato.</p>
    913. 

  913. <p class="bodytext">‘Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ citta’nti hi niddisanto bhagavā samaye cittaṃ niddisi. Kiṃkāraṇā? Tena samayaniyamitena cittena pariyosāne ‘tasmiṃ samaye’ti evaṃ samayaṃ niyametvāna, atha vijjamānepi samayanānatte yasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ tasmiṃyeva samaye phasso hoti, vedanā hotīti evaṃ tasmiṃ cittaniyamite samaye ete santatisamūhakiccārammaṇaghanavasena duranubodhappabhede phassavedanādayo dhamme bodhetunti attho.</p>
    914. 

  914. <p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘yasmiṃ samaye’tiādīsu ayamanupubbapadavaṇṇanā. <span class="bld">Yasmi</span>nti aniyamato bhummaniddeso. <span class="bld">Samaye</span>ti aniyamaniddiṭṭhaparidīpanaṃ. Ettāvatā aniyamato samayo niddiṭṭho hoti. Tattha samayasaddo –</p>
    915. 

  915. <p class="gatha1">Samavāye khaṇe kāle, samūhe hetu diṭṭhisu;</p>
    916. 

  916. <p class="gathalast">Paṭilābhe pahāne ca, paṭivedhe ca dissati.</p>
    917. 

  917. <p class="bodytext">Tathā hissa ‘‘appeva nāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.447) evamādīsu samavāyo attho. ‘‘Ekova kho, bhikkhave, khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.29) khaṇo. ‘‘Uṇhasamayo pariḷāhasamayo’’tiādīsu <a name="V0.0104"></a> (pāci. 358) kālo. ‘‘Mahāsamayo pavanasmi’’ntiādīsu samūho. ‘‘Samayopi kho te, bhaddāli, appaṭividdho ahosi <a name="M0.0100"></a> – bhagavā kho sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, bhagavāpi maṃ jānissati ‘bhaddāli nāma bhikkhu satthusāsane sikkhāya aparipūrakārī’ti. Ayampi kho te, bhaddāli, samayo appaṭividdho ahosī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.135) hetu. ‘‘Tena kho pana samayena uggāhamāno paribbājako samaṇamuṇḍikāputto <a name="P0.0058"></a> samayappavādake tindukācīre ekasālake mallikāya ārāme paṭivasatī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.260) diṭṭhi.</p>
    918. 

  918. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Diṭṭhe dhamme ca yo attho, yo cattho samparāyiko;</p>
    919. 

  919. <p class="gathalast">Atthābhisamayā dhīro, paṇḍitoti pavuccatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.129) –</p>
    920. 

  920. <p class="bodytext">Ādīsu paṭilābho. ‘‘Sammā mānābhisamayā antamakāsi dukkhassā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.28) pahānaṃ. ‘‘Dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho abhisamayaṭṭho’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 2.8) paṭivedho. Evamanekesu samayesu –</p>
    921. 

  921. <p class="gatha1">Samavāyo khaṇo kālo, samūho hetuyeva ca;</p>
    922. 

  922. <p class="gathalast">Ete pañcapi viññeyyā, samayā idha viññunā.</p>
    923. 

  923. <p class="bodytext">‘Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusala’nti imasmiñhi kusalādhikāre tesu navasu samayesu ete samavāyādayo pañca samayā paṇḍitena veditabbā.</p>
    924. 

  924. <p class="gatha1">Tesu paccayasāmaggī, samavāyo khaṇo pana;</p>
    925. 

  925. <p class="gathalast">Ekova navamo ñeyyo, cakkāni caturopi vā.</p>
    926. 

  926. <p class="bodytext">Yā hi esā sādhāraṇaphalanipphādakattena saṇṭhitā paccayānaṃ sāmaggī, sā idha samavāyoti ñātabbā. ‘‘Ekova kho, bhikkhave, khaṇo ca samayo ca brahmacariyavāsāyā’’ti (a. ni. 8.29) evaṃ vutto pana navamova khaṇo eko khaṇoti veditabbo. Yāni vā <a name="V0.0105"></a> panetāni ‘‘cattārimāni, bhikkhave, cakkāni yehi samannāgatānaṃ devamanussānaṃ catucakkaṃ vattatī’’ti – ettha ‘patirūpadesavāso, sappurisūpanissayo, attasammāpaṇidhi, pubbe ca katapuññatā’ti (a. ni. 4.31) cattāri cakkāni vuttāni, etāni <a name="M0.0101"></a> vā ekajjhaṃ katvā okāsaṭṭhena khaṇoti veditabbāni. Tāni hi kusaluppattiyā okāsabhūtāni.</p>
    927. 

  927. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ samavāyañca khaṇañca ñatvā itaresu –</p>
    928. 

  928. <p class="gatha1">Taṃ taṃ upādāya paññatto, kālo vohāramattako;</p>
    929. 

  929. <p class="gathalast">Puñjo phassādidhammānaṃ, samūhoti vibhāvito.</p>
    930. 

  930. <p class="bodytext">‘Cittakālo rūpakālo’tiādinā hi nayena dhamme vā, ‘atīto anāgato’tiādinā nayena dhammavuttiṃ vā, ‘bījakālo aṅkurakālo’ti ādinā nayena dhammapaṭipāṭiṃ vā, ‘uppādakālo <a name="P0.0059"></a> jarākālo’tiādinā nayena dhammalakkhaṇaṃ vā, ‘vediyanakālo sañjānanakālo’tiādinā nayena dhammakiccaṃ vā, ‘nhānakālo pānakālo’tiādinā nayena sattakiccaṃ vā, ‘gamanakālo ṭhānakālo’tiādinā nayena iriyāpathaṃ vā, ‘pubbaṇho sāyanho divā rattī’tiādinā nayena candimasūriyādiparivattanaṃ vā, ‘aḍḍhamāso māso’tiādinā nayena ahorattādisaṅkhātaṃ kālasañcayaṃ vāti – evaṃ taṃ taṃ upādāya paññatto kālo nāma. So panesa sabhāvato avijjamānattā paññattimattako evāti veditabbo. Yo panesa phassavedanādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ puñjo, so idha samūhoti vibhāvito. Evaṃ kālasamūhepi ñatvā itaro pana –</p>
    931. 

  931. <p class="gatha1">Hetūti paccayovettha, tassa dvāravasena vā;</p>
    932. 

  932. <p class="gathalast">Anekabhāvo viññeyyo, paccayānaṃ vasena vā.</p>
    933. 

  933. <p class="bodytext">Ettha hi paccayova hetu nāma, tassa dvārānaṃ vā paccayānaṃ vā vasena anekabhāvo veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Cakkhudvārādīsu hi uppajjamānānaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ cakkhurūpaālokamanasikārādayo paccayā, <span class="bld">mahāpakaraṇe</span> ca ‘‘hetupaccayo ārammaṇapaccayo’’tiādinā nayena catuvīsati paccayā vuttā. Tesu ṭhapetvā vipākapaccayañca pacchājātapaccayañca, sesā kusaladhammānaṃ paccayā hontiyeva. Te sabbepi idha hetūti adhippetā. Evamassa iminā dvāravasena <a name="V0.0106"></a> vā paccayavasena vā anekabhāvo veditabbo<a name="M0.0102"></a>. Evamete samavāyādayo pañca atthā idha samayasaddena pariggahitāti veditabbā.</p>
    934. 

  934. <p class="bodytext">‘Kasmā pana etesu yaṃkiñci ekaṃ apariggahetvā sabbesaṃ pariggaho kato’ti? ‘Tena tena tassa tassa atthavisesassa dīpanato. Etesu hi samavāyasaṅkhāto samayo anekahetuto vuttiṃ dīpeti. Tena ekakāraṇavādo paṭisedhito hoti. Samavāyo ca nāma sādhāraṇaphalanipphādane aññamaññāpekkho hoti. Tasmā ‘eko kattā nāma natthī’ti imampi atthaṃ dīpeti. Sabhāvena hi kāraṇe sati kāraṇantarāpekkhā ayuttāti. Evaṃ ekassa kassaci kāraṇassa abhāvadīpanena ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’ntiādi paṭisedhitaṃ hoti.</p>
    935. 

  935. <p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – ‘yaṃ vuttaṃ anekahetuto vuttiṃ dīpetī’ti, taṃ na yuttaṃ. ‘Kiṃkāraṇā’<a name="P0.0060"></a>?‘Asāmaggiyaṃ ahetūnaṃ sāmaggiyampi ahetubhāvāpattito’. ‘Na hi ekasmiṃ andhe daṭṭhuṃ asakkonte andhasataṃ passatī’ti. ‘No na yuttaṃ; sādhāraṇaphalanipphādakattena hi ṭhitabhāvo sāmaggī; na anekesaṃ samodhānamattaṃ. Na ca andhānaṃ dassanaṃ nāma sādhāraṇaphalaṃ’. ‘Kasmā’?‘Andhasate satipi tassa abhāvato. Cakkhādīnaṃ pana taṃ sādhāraṇaphalaṃ, tesaṃ bhāve bhāvato. Asāmaggiyaṃ ahetūnampi ca sāmaggiyaṃ hetubhāvo siddho. Svāyaṃ asāmaggiyaṃ phalābhāvena, sāmaggiyañcassa bhāvena, veditabbo. Cakkhādīnañhi vekalle cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ abhāvo, avekalle ca bhāvo, paccakkhasiddho lokassā’ti. Ayaṃ tāva samavāyasaṅkhātena samayena attho dīpito.</p>
    936. 

  936. <p class="bodytext">Yo panesa aṭṭhahi akkhaṇehi parivajjito navamo khaṇo, patirūpadesavāsādiko ca catucakkasaṅkhāto okāsaṭṭhena khaṇo vutto, so manussattabuddhuppādasaddhammaṭṭhitiādikaṃ khaṇasāmaggiṃ vinā natthi. Manussattādīnañca kāṇakacchapopamādīhi (ma. ni. 3.252) dullabhabhāvo. Iti khaṇassa dullabhattā suṭṭhutaraṃ khaṇāyattaṃ lokuttaradhammānaṃ upakārabhūtaṃ kusalaṃ dullabhameva<a name="M0.0103"></a>. Evametesu khaṇasaṅkhāto samayo kusaluppattiyā dullabhabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Evaṃ dīpentena anena adhigatakhaṇānaṃ khaṇāyattasseva tassa kusalassa ananuṭṭhānena moghakhaṇaṃ kurumānānaṃ pamādavihāro paṭisedhito hoti. Ayaṃ khaṇasaṅkhātena samayena attho dīpito.</p>
    937. 

  937. <p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="V0.0107"></a> panetassa kusalacittassa pavattikālo nāma hoti, so atiparitto. Sā cassa atiparittatā ‘‘yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, yathā ca yā devatā candimasūriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo, tato sīghataraṃ āyusaṅkhārā khīyantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.228) – imassa suttassa aṭṭhakathāvasena veditabbā. Tatra hi so rūpajīvitindriyassa tāva parittako kālo vutto. Yāva paṭuppannaṃ rūpaṃ tiṭṭhati tāva soḷasa cittāni uppajjitvā bhijjanti. Iti tesaṃ kālaparittatāya upamāpi <a name="P0.0061"></a> natthi. Tenevāha – ‘‘yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva lahuparivattaṃ citta’’nti (a. ni. 1.48). Evametesu kālasaṅkhāto samayo kusalacittappavattikālassa atiparittataṃ dīpeti. Evaṃ dīpentena cānena atiparittakālatāya, vijjulatobhāsena muttāvuṇanaṃ viya, duppaṭivijjhamidaṃ cittaṃ, tasmā etassa paṭivedhe mahāussāho ca ādaro ca kattabboti ovādo dinno hoti. Ayaṃ kālasaṅkhātena samayena attho dīpito.</p>
    938. 

  938. <p class="bodytext">Samūhasaṅkhāto pana samayo anekesaṃ sahuppattiṃ dīpeti. Phassādīnañhi dhammānaṃ puñjo samūhoti vutto. Tasmiñca uppajjamānaṃ cittaṃ saha tehi dhammehi uppajjatīti anekesaṃ sahuppatti dīpitā. Evaṃ dīpentena cānena ekasseva dhammassa uppatti paṭisedhitā hoti. Ayaṃ samūhasaṅkhātena samayena attho dīpito.</p>
    939. 

  939. <p class="bodytext">Hetusaṅkhāto pana samayo parāyattavuttitaṃ dīpeti. ‘Yasmiṃ samaye’ti hi padassa yasmā ‘yasmiṃ hetumhi sati’ uppannaṃ hotīti ayamattho, tasmā ‘hetumhi sati’ pavattito parāyattavuttitā dīpitā. Evaṃ <a name="M0.0104"></a> dīpentena cānena dhammānaṃ savasavattitābhimāno paṭisedhito hoti. Ayaṃ hetusaṅkhātena samayena attho dīpito.</p>
    940. 

  940. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘yasmiṃ samaye’</span>ti kālasaṅkhātassa samayassa vasena ‘yasmiṃ kāle’ti attho; samūhasaṅkhātassa ‘yasmiṃ samūhe’ti. Khaṇasamavāyahetusaṅkhātānaṃ ‘yasmiṃ khaṇe sati, yāya sāmaggiyā sati, yamhi hetumhi sati’ kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva sati ‘phassādayopī’ti ayamattho veditabbo. Adhikaraṇañhi kālasaṅkhāto samūhasaṅkhāto ca samayo. Tattha vuttadhammānanti adhikaraṇavasenettha bhummaṃ. Khaṇasamavāyahetusaṅkhātassa ca samayassa bhāvena tesaṃ bhāvo lakkhīyatīti bhāvenabhāvalakkhaṇavasenettha bhummaṃ.</p>
    941. 

  941. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmāvacara</span>nti <a name="V0.0108"></a> ‘‘katame dhammā kāmāvacarā? Heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ uparito paranimmitavasavattiṃ pariyantaṃ katvā’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 1287) nayena vuttesu kāmāvacaradhammesu pariyāpannaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – uddānato <a name="P0.0062"></a> dve kāmā, vatthukāmo ca kilesakāmo ca. Tattha kilesakāmo atthato chandarāgova vatthukāmo tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. Kilesakāmo cettha kāmetīti <span class="bld">kāmo;</span> itaro pana kāmiyatīti kāmo. Yasmiṃ pana padese duvidhopeso kāmo pavattivasena avacarati, so catunnaṃ apāyānaṃ, manussānaṃ, channañca devalokānaṃ vasena ekādasavidho padeso. Kāmo ettha avacaratīti <span class="bld">kāmāvacaro,</span> sasatthāvacaro viya. Yathā hi yasmiṃ padese sasatthā purisā avacaranti, so vijjamānesupi aññesu dvipadacatuppadesu avacarantesu, tesaṃ abhilakkhitattā ‘sasatthāvacaro’tveva vuccati, evaṃ vijjamānesupi aññesu rūpāvacarādīsu tattha avacarantesu, tesaṃ abhilakkhitattā ayaṃ padeso ‘kāmāvacaro’tveva vuccati. Svāyaṃ yathā rūpabhavo rūpaṃ, evaṃ uttarapadalopaṃ katvā ‘kāmo’tveva vuccati. Evamidaṃ cittaṃ imasmiṃ ekādasapadesasaṅkhāte kāme avacaratīti kāmāvacaraṃ.</p>
    942. 

  942. <p class="bodytext">Kiñcāpi hi etaṃ rūpārūpabhavesupi avacarati, yathā pana saṅgāme avacaraṇato saṅgāmāvacaroti laddhanāmako nāgo nagare carantopi ‘saṅgāmāvacaro’tveva vuccati, thalajalacarā ca pāṇā athale <a name="M0.0105"></a> ajale ca ṭhitāpi ‘thalacarā jalacarā’tveva vuccanti, evamidaṃ aññattha avacarantampi kāmāvacaramevāti veditabbaṃ. Ārammaṇakaraṇavasena vā ettha kāmo avacaratītipi kāmāvacaraṃ. Kāmañcesa rūpārūpāvacaresupi avacarati, yathā pana vadatīti ‘vaccho’, mahiyaṃ setīti ‘mahiṃso’ti vutte, na sattā yattakā vadanti, mahiyaṃ vā senti sabbesaṃ taṃ nāmaṃ hoti, evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Apica kāmabhavasaṅkhāte kāme paṭisandhiṃ avacāretītipi <span class="bld">kāmāvacaraṃ</span>.</p>
    943. 

  943. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusala</span>nti kucchitānaṃ salanādīhi atthehi kusalaṃ. Apica ārogyaṭṭhena anavajjaṭṭhena kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena ca kusalaṃ. Yatheva hi ‘kacci nu bhoto kusala’nti (jā. 1.15.146; 2.20.129) rūpakāye anāturatāya agelaññena nibyādhitāya ārogyaṭṭhena kusalaṃ vuttaṃ, evaṃ arūpadhammepi kilesāturatāya kilesagelaññassa ca kilesabyādhino <a name="P0.0063"></a> abhāvena ārogyaṭṭhena kusalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Kilesavajjassa pana kilesadosassa kilesadarathassa ca abhāvā anavajjaṭṭhena <a name="V0.0109"></a> kusalaṃ. Kosallaṃ vuccati paññā; kosallato sambhūtattā kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena kusalaṃ.</p>
    944. 

  944. <p class="bodytext">‘Ñāṇasampayuttaṃ’ tāva evaṃ hotu; ñāṇavippayuttaṃ kathanti. Tampi ruḷhīsaddena kusalameva. Yathā hi tālapaṇṇehi akatvā kilañjādīhi katampi taṃsarikkhattā ruḷhīsaddena tālavaṇṭantveva vuccati, evaṃ ‘ñāṇavippayutta’mpi kusalantveva veditabbaṃ. Nippariyāyena pana ‘ñāṇasampayuttaṃ’ ārogyaṭṭhena anavajjaṭṭhena kosallasambhūtaṭṭhenāti tividhenapi kusalanti nāmaṃ labhati, ñāṇavippayuttaṃ duvidheneva. Iti yañca jātakapariyāyena yañca bāhitikasuttapariyāyena yañca abhidhammapariyāyena kusalaṃ kathitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ tīhipi atthehi imasmiṃ citte labbhati.</p>
    945. 

  945. <p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ lakkhaṇādivasena anavajjasukhavipākalakkhaṇaṃ, akusalaviddhaṃsanarasaṃ, vodānapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, yonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Avajjapaṭipakkhattā vā anavajjalakkhaṇameva kusalaṃ, vodānabhāvarasaṃ, iṭṭhavipākapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, yathāvuttapadaṭṭhānameva. Lakkhaṇādīsu hi tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ sabhāvo vā sāmaññaṃ vā <span class="bld">lakkhaṇaṃ</span> nāma. Kiccaṃ vā sampatti vā <span class="bld">raso</span> nāma. Upaṭṭhānākāro vā phalaṃ vā paccupaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Āsannakāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">padaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Iti yattha yattha lakkhaṇādīni vakkhāma tattha tattha imināva nayena tesaṃ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    946. 

  946. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Citta</span>nti <a name="M0.0106"></a> ārammaṇaṃ cintetīti cittaṃ; vijānātīti attho. Yasmā vā ‘citta’nti sabbacittasādhāraṇo esa saddo, tasmā yadettha lokiyakusalākusalakiriyacittaṃ, taṃ javanavīthivasena attano santānaṃ cinotīti cittaṃ. Vipākaṃ kammakilesehi citanti cittaṃ. Apica sabbampi yathānurūpato cittatāya cittaṃ. Cittakaraṇatāya cittanti evampettha attho veditabbo. Tattha yasmā aññadeva sarāgaṃ cittaṃ, aññaṃ sadosaṃ<a name="P0.0064"></a>, aññaṃ samohaṃ; aññaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ, aññaṃ rūpāvacarādibhedaṃ; aññaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ, aññaṃ saddādiārammaṇaṃ; rūpārammaṇesu cāpi aññaṃ nīlārammaṇaṃ, aññaṃ pītādiārammaṇaṃ; saddādiārammaṇesupi eseva nayo; sabbesupi cetesu aññaṃ hīnaṃ aññaṃ majjhimaṃ aññaṃ paṇītaṃ; hīnādīsupi aññaṃ chandādhipateyyaṃ, aññaṃ vīriyādhipateyyaṃ aññaṃ cittādhipateyyaṃ, aññaṃ vīmaṃsādhipateyyaṃ, tasmā assa imesaṃ sampayuttabhūmiārammaṇahīnamajjhimapaṇītādhipatīnaṃ vasena cittatā veditabbā. Kāmañcettha <a name="V0.0110"></a> ekameva evaṃ cittaṃ na hoti, cittānaṃ pana antogadhattā etesu yaṃkiñci ekampi cittatāya cittanti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Evaṃ tāva cittatāya cittaṃ.</p>
    947. 

  947. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ cittakaraṇatāyāti? Lokasmiñhi cittakammato uttari aññaṃ cittaṃ nāma natthi. Tasmimpi caraṇaṃ nāma cittaṃ aticittameva hoti. Taṃ karontānaṃ cittakārānaṃ ‘evaṃvidhāni ettha rūpāni kātabbānī’ti cittasaññā uppajjati. Tāya cittasaññāya lekhāgahanarañjanaujjotanavattanādinipphādikā cittakiriyā uppajjanti, tato caraṇasaṅkhāte citte aññataraṃ vicittarūpaṃ nipphajjati. Tato ‘imassa rūpassa upari idaṃ hotu, heṭṭhā idaṃ, ubhayapasse ida’nti cintetvā yathācintitena kamena sesacittarūpanipphādanaṃ hoti, evaṃ yaṃkiñci loke vicittaṃ sippajātaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ citteneva kariyati, evaṃ imāya karaṇavicittatāya tassa tassa cittassa nipphādakaṃ cittampi tatheva cittaṃ hoti. Yathācintitassa vā anavasesassa anipphajjanato tatopi cittameva cittataraṃ. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
    948. 

  948. <p class="indent">‘‘Diṭṭhaṃ vo, bhikkhave, caraṇaṃ nāma cittanti? ‘Evaṃ, bhante’. Tampi kho, bhikkhave, caraṇaṃ nāma cittaṃ citteneva cintitaṃ. Tenapi kho, bhikkhave, caraṇena cittena cittaṃyeva cittatara’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.100).</p>
    949. 

  949. <p class="bodytext">Tathā <a name="M0.0107"></a> yadetaṃ devamanussanirayatiracchānabhedāsu gatīsu kammaliṅgasaññāvohārādibhedaṃ ajjhattikaṃ cittaṃ tampi cittakatameva. Kāyakammādibhedañhi dānasīlavihiṃsāsāṭheyyādinayappavattaṃ kusalākusalakammaṃ cittanipphāditaṃ kammanānattaṃ. Kammanānatteneva ca tāsu tāsu gatīsu <a name="P0.0065"></a> hatthapādakaṇṇaudaragīvāmukhādisaṇṭhānabhinnaṃ liṅganānattaṃ. Liṅganānattato yathāgahitasaṇṭhānavasena ‘ayaṃ itthī ayaṃ puriso’ti uppajjamānāya saññāya saññānānattaṃ. Saññānānattato saññānurūpena ‘itthī’ti vā ‘puriso’ti vā voharantānaṃ vohāranānattaṃ. Vohāranānattavasena pana yasmā ‘itthī bhavissāmi puriso bhavissāmi, khattiyo bhavissāmi brāhmaṇo bhavissāmī’ti evaṃ tassa tassa attabhāvassa janakaṃ kammaṃ karīyati, tasmā vohāranānattato kammanānattaṃ. Taṃ panetaṃ kammanānattaṃ yathāpatthitaṃ bhavaṃ nibbattentaṃ yasmā gativasena nibbatteti tasmā kammanānattato gatinānattaṃ. Kammanānatteneva ca tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tassā tassā gatiyā apādakadvipādakāditā, tassā tassā upapattiyā uccanīcāditā, tasmiṃ <a name="V0.0111"></a> tasmiṃ attabhāve suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇāditā, lokadhammesu lābhālābhāditā ca paññāyati. Tasmā sabbametaṃ devamanussanirayatiracchānabhedāsu gatīsu kammaliṅgasaññāvohārādibhedaṃ ajjhattikaṃ cittaṃ citteneva katanti veditabbaṃ. Svāyamattho imassa saṅgītianāruḷhassa suttassa vasena veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    950. 

  950. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Kammanānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānavasena liṅganānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānaṃ bhavati, liṅganānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānavasena saññānānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānaṃ bhavati, saññānānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānavasena vohāranānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānaṃ bhavati, vohāranānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānavasena kammanānattaputhuttappabhedavavatthānaṃ bhavati. Kammanānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca sattānaṃ gatiyā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāyati – apadā dvipadā catuppadā bahuppadā, rūpino arūpino, saññino asaññino nevasaññīnāsaññino. Kammanānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca sattānaṃ upapattiyā nānākaraṇaṃ paññāyati – uccanīcatā hīnapaṇītatā sugataduggatatā. Kammanānākaraṇaṃ <a name="M0.0108"></a> paṭicca sattānaṃ attabhāve nānākaraṇaṃ paññāyati – suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇatā sujātadujjātatā susaṇṭhitadussaṇṭhitatā. Kammanānākaraṇaṃ paṭicca sattānaṃ lokadhamme nānākaraṇaṃ paññāyati – lābhālābhe yasāyase nindāpasaṃsāyaṃ sukhadukkhe’’ti.</p>
    951. 

  951. <p class="bodytext">Aparampi vuttaṃ –</p>
    952. 

  952. <p class="gatha1">Kammato <a name="P0.0066"></a> liṅgato ceva, liṅgasaññā pavattare;</p>
    953. 

  953. <p class="gathalast">Saññāto bhedaṃ gacchanti, itthāyaṃ purisoti vā.</p>
    954. 

  954. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Kammunā vattate loko, kammunā vattate pajā;</p>
    955. 

  955. <p class="gathalast">Kammanibandhanā sattā, rathassāṇīva yāyato’’. (ma. ni. 2.460; su. ni. 659);</p>
    956. 

  956. <p class="gatha1">Kammena kittiṃ labhate pasaṃsaṃ,</p>
    957. 

  957. <p class="gatha2">Kammena jāniñca vadhañca bandhaṃ;</p>
    958. 

  958. <p class="gatha3">Taṃ <a name="V0.0112"></a> kammanānākaraṇaṃ viditvā,</p>
    959. 

  959. <p class="gathalast">Kasmā vade natthi kammanti loke. (kathā. 785);</p>
    960. 

  960. <p class="indent">‘‘Kammassakā māṇava sattā kammadāyādā kammayonī kammabandhū kammapaṭisaraṇā; kammaṃ satte vibhajati yadidaṃ hīnappaṇītatāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.289).</p>
    961. 

  961. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ imāya karaṇacittatāyapi cittassa cittatā veditabbā. Sabbānipi hi etāni vicitrāni citteneva katāni. Aladdhokāsassa pana cittassa yaṃ vā pana avasesapaccayavikalaṃ tassa ekaccacittakaraṇābhāvato yadetaṃ cittena kataṃ ajjhattikaṃ cittaṃ vuttaṃ, tatopi cittameva cittataraṃ. Tenāha bhagavā –</p>
    962. 

  962. <p class="indent">‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekanikāyampi samanupassāmi evaṃ cittaṃ yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā… tehipi kho, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatehi pāṇehi cittaṃyeva cittatara’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.100).</p>
    963. 

  963. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppannaṃ hotī</span>ti ettha vattamānabhūtāpagatokāsakatabhūmiladdhavasena uppannaṃ nāma anekappabhedaṃ. Tattha sabbampi uppādajarābhaṅgasamaṅgīsaṅkhātaṃ vattamānuppannaṃ nāma. Ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavitvā niruddhaṃ, anubhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ kusalākusalaṃ<a name="M0.0109"></a>, uppādādittayaṃ anuppatvā niruddhaṃ, bhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ, sesasaṅkhatañca <span class="bld">bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ</span> nāma. ‘‘Yānissa tāni pubbe katāni kammānī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.248) evamādinā nayena vuttaṃ kammaṃ atītampi samānaṃ, aññaṃ vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassokāsaṃ katvā ṭhitattā, tathā katokāsañca vipākaṃ anuppannampi samānaṃ evaṃ kate okāse ekantena uppajjanato okāsakatuppannaṃ nāma. Tāsu <a name="P0.0067"></a> tāsu bhūmīsu asamūhataṃ akusalaṃ bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ nāma. Ettha ca bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhūmī</span>ti vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā. Bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma tesu khandhesu uppattārahaṃ kilesajātaṃ. Tena hesā bhūmi laddhā nāma hoti, tasmā bhūmiladdhanti vuccati. Evametesu catūsu uppannesu idha ‘vattamānuppannaṃ’ adhippetaṃ.</p>
    964. 

  964. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – pubbantato uddhaṃ uppādādiabhimukhaṃ pannanti <span class="bld">uppannaṃ</span>. ‘Uppanna’-saddo panesa <a name="V0.0113"></a> atīte paṭiladdhe samuṭṭhite avikkhambhite asamucchinne khaṇattayagateti anekesu atthesu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.143) ettha atīte āgato. ‘‘Āyasmato ānandassa atirekacīvaraṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’ti (pārā. 461) ettha paṭiladdhe. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uppannaṃ mahāmeghaṃ tamenaṃ mahāvāto antarāyeva antaradhāpetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.157) ettha samuṭṭhite. ‘‘Uppannaṃ gamiyacittaṃ duppaṭivinodanīyaṃ (a. ni. 5.160; pari. 325); uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme ṭhānaso antaradhāpetī’’ti (pārā. 165) ettha avikkhambhite. ‘‘Ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvento bahulīkaronto uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme ṭhānaso antarāyeva antaradhāpetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.156-157) ettha asamucchinne. ‘‘Uppajjamānaṃ uppannanti? Āmantā’’ti (yama. 2.cittayamaka.81) ettha khaṇattayagate. Svāyamidhāpi khaṇattayagateva daṭṭhabbo. Tasmā <span class="bld">‘uppannaṃ hotī’</span>ti ettha khaṇattayagataṃ hoti, vattamānaṃ hoti, paccuppannaṃ hotīti. Ayaṃ saṅkhepattho.</p>
    965. 

  965. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī</span>ti cetaṃ desanāsīsameva. Na pana cittaṃ ekakameva uppajjati. Tasmā yathā rājā āgatoti vutte na parisaṃ pahāya ekakova āgato, rājaparisāya pana saddhiṃyeva āgatoti paññāyati<a name="M0.0110"></a>, evamidampi paropaṇṇāsakusaladhammehi saddhiṃyeva uppannanti veditabbaṃ. Pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena pana ‘‘cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti’’cceva vuttaṃ.</p>
    966. 

  966. <p class="bodytext">Lokiyadhammañhi patvā cittaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ cittaṃ dhuraṃ cittaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ hoti. Lokuttaradhammaṃ <a name="P0.0068"></a> patvā paññā jeṭṭhikā paññā dhurā paññā pubbaṅgamā. Teneva bhagavā vinayapariyāyaṃ patvā pañhaṃ pucchanto ‘kiṃphassosi, kiṃvedanosi, kiṃsaññosi, kiṃcetanosī’ti apucchitvā ‘‘kiṃcitto tvaṃ bhikkhū’’ti cittameva dhuraṃ katvā pucchati. ‘‘Atheyyacitto ahaṃ bhagavā’’ti ca vutte ‘anāpatti atheyyaphassassā’tiādīni avatvā ‘‘anāpatti bhikkhu atheyyacittassā’’ti vadati.</p>
    967. 

  967. <p class="bodytext">Na kevalañca vinayapariyāyaṃ, aññampi lokiyadesanaṃ desento cittameva dhuraṃ katvā deseti. Yathāha – ‘‘ye keci, bhikkhave, dhammā akusalā akusalabhāgiyā akusalapakkhikā sabbete manopubbaṅgamā. Mano tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppajjati’’ (a. ni. 1.56).</p>
    968. 

  968. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Manopubbaṅgamā <a name="V0.0114"></a> dhammā, manoseṭṭhā manomayā;</p>
    969. 

  969. <p class="gatha2">Manasā ce paduṭṭhena, bhāsati vā karoti vā;</p>
    970. 

  970. <p class="gathalast">Tato naṃ dukkhamanveti, cakkaṃva vahato padaṃ.</p>
    971. 

  971. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā, manoseṭṭhā manomayā;</p>
    972. 

  972. <p class="gatha2">Manasā ce pasannena, bhāsati vā karoti vā;</p>
    973. 

  973. <p class="gathalast">Tato naṃ sukhamanveti, chāyāva anapāyinī’’. (dha. pa. 1,2);</p>
    974. 

  974. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Cittena nīyati loko, cittena parikassati;</p>
    975. 

  975. <p class="gathalast">Cittassa ekadhammassa, sabbeva vasamanvagū’’. (saṃ. ni. 1.62);</p>
    976. 

  976. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Cittasaṃkilesā, bhikkhave, sattā saṃkilissanti cittavodānā visujjhanti’’ (saṃ. ni. 3.100);</p>
    977. 

  977. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ’’ (a. ni. 1.49);</p>
    978. 

  978. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Citte<a name="M0.0111"></a>, gahapati, arakkhite kāyakammampi arakkhitaṃ hoti, vacīkammampi arakkhitaṃ hoti, manokammampi arakkhitaṃ hoti; citte, gahapati, rakkhite…pe… citte, gahapati, byāpanne…pe… citte, gahapati, abyāpanne…pe… citte, gahapati, avassute…pe… citte, gahapati, anavassute kāyakammampi anavassutaṃ hoti, vacīkammampi anavassutaṃ hoti, manokammampi anavassutaṃ hotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.110).</p>
    979. 

  979. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ lokiyadhammaṃ patvā cittaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ hoti, cittaṃ dhuraṃ hoti, cittaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. Imesu <a name="P0.0069"></a> pana suttesu ekaṃ vā dve vā aggahetvā suttānurakkhaṇatthāya sabbānipi gahitānīti veditabbāni.</p>
    980. 

  980. <p class="bodytext">Lokuttaradhammaṃ pucchanto pana ‘kataraphassaṃ adhigatosi, kataravedanaṃ katarasaññaṃ kataracetanaṃ <a name="V0.0115"></a> kataracitta’nti apucchitvā, ‘katarapaññaṃ tvaṃ bhikkhu adhigato’si, ‘kiṃ paṭhamaṃ maggapaññaṃ, udāhu dutiyaṃ…pe… tatiyaṃ…pe… catutthaṃ maggapaññaṃ adhigato’ti paññaṃ jeṭṭhikaṃ paññaṃ dhuraṃ katvā pucchati. Paññuttarā sabbe kusalā dhammā na parihāyanti. Paññā pana kimatthiyā (ma. ni. 1.451)? ‘‘Paññavato, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa tadanvayā saddhā saṇṭhāti, tadanvayaṃ vīriyaṃ saṇṭhāti, tadanvayā sati saṇṭhāti, tadanvayo samādhi saṇṭhātī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.515) evamādīni panettha suttāni daṭṭhabbāni. Iti lokuttaradhammaṃ patvā paññā jeṭṭhikā hoti paññā dhurā paññā pubbaṅgamāti veditabbā. Ayaṃ pana lokiyadesanā. Tasmā cittaṃ dhuraṃ katvā desento ‘‘cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’ti āha.</p>
    981. 

  981. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Somanassasahagata</span>nti sātamadhuravedayitasaṅkhātena somanassena saha ekuppādādibhāvaṃ gataṃ. Ayaṃ pana <span class="bld">‘sahagata’</span>-saddo tabbhāve vokiṇṇe nissaye ārammaṇe saṃsaṭṭheti imesu atthesu dissati. Tattha ‘‘yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā’’ti (vibha. 203) tabbhāve veditabbo; nandirāgabhūtāti attho. ‘‘Yā, bhikkhave, vīmaṃsā kosajjasahagatā kosajjasampayuttā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.832) vokiṇṇe veditabbo; antarantarā uppajjamānena kosajjena vokiṇṇāti ayamettha attho. ‘‘Aṭṭhikasaññāsahagataṃ <a name="M0.0112"></a> satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāvetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.238) nissaye veditabbo; aṭṭhikasaññaṃ nissāya aṭṭhikasaññaṃ bhāvetvā paṭiladdhanti attho. ‘‘Lābhī hoti rūpasahagatānaṃ vā samāpattīnaṃ arūpasahagatānaṃ vā’’ti (pu. pa. 3-5) ārammaṇe; veditabbo rūpārūpārammaṇānanti attho. ‘‘Idaṃ sukhaṃ imāya pītiyā sahagataṃ hoti sahajātaṃ <a name="P0.0070"></a> saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayutta’’nti (vibha. 578) saṃsaṭṭhe. Imasmimpi pade ayamevattho adhippeto. Somanassasaṃsaṭṭhañhi idha somanassasahagatanti vuttaṃ.</p>
    982. 

  982. <p class="bodytext">‘Saṃsaṭṭha’-saddopi cesa sadise avassute mittasanthave sahajāteti bahūsu atthesu dissati. Ayañhi ‘‘kise thūle vivajjetvā saṃsaṭṭhā yojitā hayā’’ti (jā. 2.22.70) ettha sadise āgato. ‘‘Saṃsaṭṭhāva tumhe ayye viharathā’’ti (pāci. 727) avassute. ‘‘Gihi saṃsaṭṭho viharatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.3) mittasanthave. ‘‘Idaṃ sukhaṃ imāya pītiyā sahagataṃ hoti sahajātaṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayutta’’nti sahajāte. Idhāpi sahajāte adhippeto. Tattha ‘sahagataṃ’ asahajātaṃ asaṃsaṭṭhaṃ asampayuttaṃ nāma natthi. Sahajātaṃ pana saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayuttaṃ hotipi, na hotipi<a name="V0.0116"></a>. Rūpārūpadhammesu hi ekato jātesu rūpaṃ arūpena sahajātaṃ hoti, na saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, na sampayuttaṃ; tathā arūpaṃ rūpena; rūpañca rūpena; arūpaṃ pana arūpena saddhiṃ niyamatova sahagataṃ sahajātaṃ saṃsaṭṭhaṃ sampayuttameva hotīti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘somanassasahagata’nti.</p>
    983. 

  983. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ñāṇasampayutta</span>nti ñāṇena sampayuttaṃ, samaṃ ekuppādādippakārehi yuttanti attho. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ siyā taṃ mātikāvaṇṇanāya vedanāttike vuttanayameva. Tasmā ekuppādā ekanirodhā ekavatthukā ekārammaṇāti iminā lakkhaṇenetaṃ sampayuttanti veditabbaṃ. Ukkaṭṭhaniddeso cesa. Arūpe pana vināpi ekavatthukabhāvaṃ sampayogo labbhati.</p>
    984. 

  984. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā kiṃ kathitaṃ? Kāmāvacarakusalesu somanassasahagataṃ tihetukaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittaṃ kathitaṃ. ‘‘Katame dhammā kusalā’’ti hi aniyamitapucchāya catubhūmakakusalaṃ gahitaṃ. ‘Kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’ti vacanena pana tebhūmakaṃ kusalaṃ <a name="M0.0113"></a> pariccajitvā, aṭṭhavidhaṃ kāmāvacarakusalameva gahitaṃ. ‘Somanassasahagata’nti vacanena tato catubbidhaṃ upekkhāsahagataṃ pariccajitvā catubbidhaṃ somanassasahagatameva gahitaṃ. ‘Ñāṇasampayutta’nti vacanena tato duvidhaṃ ñāṇavippayuttaṃ pariccajitvā dve <a name="P0.0071"></a> ñāṇasampayuttāneva gahitāni. Asaṅkhārikabhāvo pana anābhaṭṭhatāyeva na gahito. Kiñcāpi na gahito, parato pana ‘sasaṅkhārenā’ti vacanato idha ‘asaṅkhārenā’ti avuttepi asaṅkhārikabhāvo veditabbo. Sammāsambuddho hi āditova idaṃ mahācittaṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ niyametvāva imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhīti evamettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    985. 

  985. <p class="bodytext">Idāni tameva cittaṃ ārammaṇato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇaṃ vā</span>tiādimāha. Bhagavā hi arūpadhammaṃ dassento vatthunā vā dasseti, ārammaṇena vā, vatthārammaṇehi vā, sarasabhāvena vā. ‘‘Cakkhusamphasso…pe… manosamphasso; cakkhusamphassajā vedanā…pe… manosamphassajā vedanā; cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇa’’ntiādīsu hi vatthunā arūpadhammā dassitā. ‘‘Rūpasaññā…pe… dhammasaññā, rūpasañcetanā…pe… dhammasañcetanā’’tiādīsu ārammaṇena. ‘‘Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso…pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ, tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 4.60) vatthārammaṇehi. ‘‘Avijjāpaccayā<a name="V0.0117"></a>, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’ntiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 2.1) sarasabhāvena arūpadhammā dassitā. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne ārammaṇena dassento ‘rūpārammaṇaṃ’ vātiādimāha.</p>
    986. 

  986. <p class="bodytext">Tattha catusamuṭṭhānaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ rūpameva <span class="bld">rūpārammaṇaṃ</span>. Dvisamuṭṭhāno atītānāgatapaccuppanno saddova <span class="bld">saddārammaṇaṃ</span>. Catusamuṭṭhāno atītānāgatapaccuppanno gandhova <span class="bld">gandhārammaṇaṃ</span>. Catusamuṭṭhāno atītānāgatapaccuppanno rasova <span class="bld">rasārammaṇaṃ</span>. Catusamuṭṭhānaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ phoṭṭhabbameva <span class="bld">phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ</span>. Ekasamuṭṭhānā dvisamuṭṭhānā tisamuṭṭhānā catusamuṭṭhānā nakutocisamuṭṭhānā atītānāgatapaccuppannā cittacetasikā, tathā navattabbā ca, vuttāvasesā cittagocarasaṅkhātā dhammāyeva <span class="bld">dhammārammaṇaṃ</span>. Ye <a name="P0.0072"></a> pana anāpāthagatā rūpādayopi dhammārammaṇamicceva vadanti te iminā suttena paṭikkhipitabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    987. 

  987. <p class="indent">‘‘Imesaṃ <a name="M0.0114"></a> kho, āvuso, pañcannaṃ indriyānaṃ nānāvisayānaṃ nānāgocarānaṃ na aññamaññassa gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhontānaṃ mano paṭisaraṇaṃ mano nesaṃ gocaravisayaṃ paccanubhotī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.455).</p>
    988. 

  988. <p class="bodytext">Etesañhi rūpārammaṇādīni gocaravisayo nāma. Tāni manena paccanubhaviyamānānipi rūpārammaṇādīniyevāti ayamattho siddho hoti. Dibbacakkhuñāṇādīnañca rūpādiārammaṇattāpi ayamattho siddhoyeva hoti. Anāpāthagatāneva hi rūpārammaṇādīni dibbacakkhuādīnaṃ ārammaṇāni, na ca tāni dhammārammaṇāni bhavantīti vuttanayeneva ārammaṇavavatthānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    989. 

  989. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ekekaṃ ārammaṇaṃ dvīsu dvīsu dvāresu āpāthamāgacchati. Rūpārammaṇañhi cakkhupasādaṃ ghaṭṭetvā taṅkhaṇaññeva manodvāre āpāthamāgacchati; bhavaṅgacalanassa paccayo hotīti attho. Saddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbārammaṇesupi eseva nayo. Yathā hi sakuṇo ākāsenāgantvā rukkhagge nilīyamānova rukkhasākhañca ghaṭṭeti, chāyā cassa pathaviyaṃ paṭihaññati sākhāghaṭṭanachāyāpharaṇāni apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇeyeva bhavanti, evaṃ paccuppannarūpādīnaṃ cakkhupasādādighaṭṭanañca bhavaṅgacalanasamatthatāya manodvāre āpāthagamanañca apubbaṃ acarimaṃ ekakkhaṇeyeva <a name="V0.0118"></a> hoti. Tato bhavaṅgaṃ vicchinditvā cakkhudvārādīsu uppannānaṃ āvajjanādīnaṃ voṭṭhabbanapariyosānānaṃ anantarā tesaṃ ārammaṇānaṃ aññatarasmiṃ idaṃ mahācittaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    990. 

  990. <p class="bodytext">Suddhamanodvāre pana pasādaghaṭṭanakiccaṃ natthi. Pakatiyā diṭṭhasutaghāyitasāyitaphuṭṭhavaseneva etāni ārammaṇāni āpāthamāgacchanti. Kathaṃ? Idhekacco katasudhākammaṃ haritālamanosilādivaṇṇavicittaṃ paggahitanānappakāradhajapaṭākaṃ mālādāmavinaddhaṃ dīpamālāparikkhittaṃ atimanoramāya siriyā virocamānaṃ alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ mahācetiyaṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā soḷasasu pādapiṭṭhikāsu pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha ullokento buddhārammaṇaṃ <a name="P0.0073"></a> pītiṃ gahetvā tiṭṭhati. Tassa evaṃ cetiyaṃ passitvā buddhārammaṇaṃ pītiṃ nibbattetvā aparabhāge yattha katthaci gatassa rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānesu <a name="M0.0115"></a> nisinnassa āvajjamānassa alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ mahācetiyaṃ cakkhudvāre āpāthamāgatasadisameva hoti, padakkhiṇaṃ katvā cetiyavandanakālo viya hoti. Evaṃ tāva diṭṭhavasena rūpārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati.</p>
    991. 

  991. <p class="bodytext">Madhurena pana sarena dhammakathikassa vā dhammaṃ kathentassa, sarabhāṇakassa vā sarena bhaṇantassa saddaṃ sutvā aparabhāge yattha katthaci nisīditvā āvajjamānassa dhammakathā vā sarabhaññaṃ vā sotadvāre āpāthamāgataṃ viya hoti, sādhukāraṃ datvā suṇanakālo viya hoti. Evaṃ sutavasena saddārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati.</p>
    992. 

  992. <p class="bodytext">Sugandhaṃ pana gandhaṃ vā mālaṃ vā labhitvā āsane vā cetiye vā gandhārammaṇena cittena pūjaṃ katvā aparabhāge yattha katthaci nisīditvā āvajjamānassa taṃ gandhārammaṇaṃ ghānadvāre āpāthamāgataṃ viya hoti, pūjākaraṇakālo viya hoti. Evaṃ ghāyitavasena gandhārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati.</p>
    993. 

  993. <p class="bodytext">Paṇītaṃ pana khādanīyaṃ vā bhojanīyaṃ vā sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ saṃvibhajitvā paribhuñjitvā aparabhāge yattha katthaci kudrūsakādibhojanaṃ labhitvā ‘asukakāle paṇītaṃ bhojanaṃ sabrahmacārīhi saddhiṃ saṃvibhajitvā paribhutta’nti āvajjamānassa taṃ rasārammaṇaṃ jivhādvāre āpāthamāgataṃ viya hoti, paribhuñjanakālo viya hoti. Evaṃ sāyitavasena rasārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati.</p>
    994. 

  994. <p class="bodytext">Mudukaṃ <a name="V0.0119"></a> pana sukhasamphassaṃ mañcaṃ vā pīṭhaṃ vā attharaṇapāpuraṇaṃ vā paribhuñjitvā aparabhāge yattha katthaci dukkhaseyyaṃ kappetvā ‘asukakāle me mudukaṃ mañcapīṭhaṃ attharaṇapāvuraṇaṃ paribhutta’nti āvajjamānassa taṃ phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ kāyadvāre āpāthamāgataṃ viya hoti. Sukhasamphassaṃ vedayitakālo viya hoti. Evaṃ phuṭṭhavasena phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ āpāthamāgacchati. Evaṃ suddhamanodvāre pasādaghaṭṭanakiccaṃ natthi. Pakatiyā diṭṭhasutaghāyitasāyitaphuṭṭhavaseneva etāni ārammaṇāni āpāthamāgacchantīti veditabbāni.</p>
    995. 

  995. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0116"></a> pakatiyā diṭṭhādīnaṃ vasena āpāthagamane ayamaparopi <a name="P0.0074"></a> aṭṭhakathāmuttako nayo hoti. Diṭṭhaṃ sutaṃ ubhayasambandhanti ime tāva diṭṭhādayo veditabbā. Tattha <span class="bld">‘diṭṭhaṃ’</span> nāma pañcadvāravasena gahitapubbaṃ. <span class="bld">‘Suta’</span>nti paccakkhato adisvā anussavavasena gahitā rūpādayova. Tehi dvīhipi sambandhaṃ <span class="bld">‘ubhayasambandhaṃ’</span> nāma. Iti imesampi diṭṭhādīnaṃ vasena etāni manodvāre āpāthamāgacchantīti veditabbāni. Tattha diṭṭhavasena tāva āpāthagamanaṃ heṭṭhā pañcahi nayehi vuttameva.</p>
    996. 

  996. <p class="bodytext">Ekacco pana suṇāti – ‘bhagavato puññātisayanibbattaṃ evarūpaṃ nāma rūpaṃ, atimadhuro saddo, kismiñci padese kesañci pupphānaṃ atimanuñño gandho, kesañci phalānaṃ atimadhuro raso, kesañci pāvuraṇādīnaṃ atisukho samphasso’ti. Tassa, cakkhupasādādighaṭṭanaṃ vinā, sutamattāneva tāni manodvāre āpāthamāgacchanti. Athassa taṃ cittaṃ tasmiṃ rūpe vā sadde vā pasādavasena gandhādīsu ariyānaṃ dātukāmatāvasena aññehi dinnesu anumodanāvasena vā pavattati. Evaṃ sutavasena etāni manodvāre āpāthamāgacchanti.</p>
    997. 

  997. <p class="bodytext">Aparena pana yathāvuttāni rūpādīni diṭṭhāni vā sutāni vā honti. Tassa ‘īdisaṃ rūpaṃ āyatiṃ uppajjanakabuddhassāpi bhavissatī’tiādinā nayena cakkhupasādādighaṭṭanaṃ vinā diṭṭhasutasambandheneva tāni manodvāre āpāthamāgacchanti. Athassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tesu aññatarārammaṇaṃ idaṃ mahācittaṃ pavattati. Evaṃ ubhayasambandhavasena etāni manodvāre āpāthamāgacchanti.</p>
    998. 

  998. <p class="bodytext">Idampi ca mukhamattameva. Saddhāruciākāraparivitakkadiṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiādīnaṃ pana vasena <a name="V0.0120"></a> vitthārato etesaṃ manodvāre āpāthagamanaṃ veditabbameva. Yasmā pana evaṃ āpāthaṃ āgacchantāni bhūtānipi honti abhūtānipi, tasmā ayaṃ nayo aṭṭhakathāyaṃ na gahito. Evaṃ ekekārammaṇaṃ javanaṃ dvīsu dvīsu dvāresu uppajjatīti veditabbaṃ. Rūpārammaṇañhi javanaṃ cakkhudvārepi uppajjati manodvārepi. Saddādiārammaṇesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    999. 

  999. <p class="bodytext">Tattha manodvāre uppajjamānaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ javanaṃ dānamayaṃ sīlamayaṃ bhāvanāmayanti tividhaṃ hoti<a name="P0.0075"></a>. Tesu ekekaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammanti <a name="M0.0117"></a> tividhameva hoti. Saddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhammārammaṇesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1000. 

  1000. <p class="bodytext">Tattha rūpaṃ tāva ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjamānaṃ etaṃ mahākusalacittaṃ nīlapītalohitodātavaṇṇesu pupphavatthadhātūsu aññataraṃ subhanimittasaṅkhātaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ rajanīyaṃ vaṇṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati. Nanu cetaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ lobhassa vatthu? Kathaṃ etaṃ cittaṃ kusalaṃ nāma jātanti? Niyamitavasena pariṇāmitavasena samudācāravasena ābhujitavasenāti. Yassa hi ‘kusalameva mayā kattabba’nti kusalakaraṇe cittaṃ niyamitaṃ hoti, akusalappavattito nivattetvā kusalakaraṇeyeva pariṇāmitaṃ, abhiṇhakaraṇena kusalasamudācāreneva samudācaritaṃ, patirūpadesavāsasappurisūpanissayasaddhammasavanapubbekatapuññatādīhi ca upanissayehi yoniso ca ābhogo pavattati, tassa iminā niyamitavasena pariṇāmitavasena samudācāravasena ābhujitavasena ca kusalaṃ nāma jātaṃ hoti.</p>
    1001. 

  1001. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇavasena panettha somanassasahagatabhāvo veditabbo. Iṭṭhārammaṇasmiñhi uppannattā etaṃ somanassasahagataṃ jātaṃ. Saddhābahulatādīnipettha kāraṇāniyeva. Assaddhānañhi micchādiṭṭhīnañca ekantaiṭṭhārammaṇabhūtaṃ tathāgatarūpampi disvā somanassaṃ nuppajjati. Ye ca kusalappavattiyaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ na passanti tesaṃ parehi ussāhitānaṃ kusalaṃ karontānampi somanassaṃ nuppajjati. Tasmā saddhābahulatā visuddhadiṭṭhitā ānisaṃsadassāvitāti. Evampettha somanassasahagatabhāvo veditabbo. Apica ekādasadhammā pītisambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti – buddhānussati dhammānussati saṅghānussati sīlānussati cāgānussati devatānussati upasamānussati lūkhapuggalaparivajjanatā siniddhapuggalasevanatā pasādanīyasuttantapaccavekkhaṇatā tadadhimuttatāti<a name="V0.0121"></a>. Imehipi <a name="P0.0076"></a> kāraṇehettha somanassasahagatabhāvo veditabbo. Imesaṃ pana vitthāro <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 367 bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā, 468-469) āvi bhavissati.</p>
    1002. 

  1002. <p class="bodytext">Kammato, upapattito, indriyaparipākato, kilesadūrībhāvatoti imehi panettha kāraṇehi ñāṇasampayuttatā veditabbā. Yo hi paresaṃ <a name="M0.0118"></a> dhammaṃ deseti anavajjāni sippāyatanakammāyatanavijjāṭṭhānāni sikkhāpeti dhammakathikaṃ sakkāraṃ katvā dhammaṃ kathāpeti, ‘āyatiṃ paññavā bhavissāmī’ti patthanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nānappakāraṃ dānaṃ deti, tassa evarūpaṃ kammaṃ upanissāya kusalaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ uppajjati. Abyāpajje loke uppannassa vāpi ‘‘tassa tattha sukhino dhammapadā pilavanti… dandho, bhikkhave, satuppādo, atha so satto khippaṃyeva visesagāmī hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.191) iminā nayena upapattiṃ nissāyapi uppajjamānaṃ kusalaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ uppajjati. Tathā indriyaparipākaṃ upagatānaṃ paññādasakappattānaṃ indriyaparipākaṃ nissāyapi kusalaṃ uppajjamānaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ uppajjati. Yehi pana kilesā vikkhambhitā tesaṃ kilesadūrībhāvaṃ nissāyapi uppajjamānaṃ kusalaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ uppajjati. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
    1003. 

  1003. <p class="indent">‘‘Yogā ve jāyatī bhūri, ayogā bhūrisaṅkhayo’’ti (dha. pa. 282).</p>
    1004. 

  1004. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kammato upapattito indriyaparipākato kilesadūrībhāvatoti imehi kāraṇehi ñāṇasampayuttatā veditabbā.</p>
    1005. 

  1005. <p class="bodytext">Apica satta dhammā dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa uppādāya saṃvattanti – paripucchakatā, vatthuvisadakiriyā, indriyasamattapaṭipādanā, duppaññapuggalaparivajjanā, paññavantapuggalasevanā, gambhīrañāṇacariyapaccavekkhaṇā, tadadhimuttatāti. Imehipi kāraṇehi ñāṇasampayuttatā veditabbā. Imesaṃ pana vitthāro <span class="bld">bojjhaṅgavibhaṅge</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 367 bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā) āvi bhavissati.</p>
    1006. 

  1006. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ hutvā uppannañcetaṃ asaṅkhārena <a name="P0.0077"></a> appayogena anupāyacintanāya uppannattā <a name="V0.0122"></a> asaṅkhāraṃ nāma jātaṃ. Tayidaṃ rajanīyavaṇṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā uppajjamānameva tividhena niyamena uppajjati – dānamayaṃ vā hoti, sīlamayaṃ vā, bhāvanāmayaṃ vā.</p>
    1007. 

  1007. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Yadā hi nīlapītalohitodātesu pupphādīsu aññataraṃ labhitvā vaṇṇavasena ābhujitvā ‘vaṇṇadānaṃ mayha’nti buddharatanādīni pūjeti, tadā dānamayaṃ hoti. Tatridaṃ vatthu – bhaṇḍāgārikasaṅghamitto kira ekaṃ suvaṇṇakhacitaṃ vatthaṃ labhitvā idampi vatthaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ, sammāsambuddhopi suvaṇṇavaṇṇo, suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ vatthaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇasseva anucchavikaṃ, amhākañca vaṇṇadānaṃ bhavissatīti mahācetiye āropesi. Evarūpe <a name="M0.0119"></a> kāle dānamayaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ. Yadā pana tathārūpameva deyyadhammaṃ labhitvā ‘mayhaṃ kulavaṃso, kulatanti kulappaveṇī esā, kulavattaṃ eta’nti buddharatanādīni pūjeti tadā sīlamayaṃ hoti. Yadā pana tādiseneva vatthunā ratanattayassa pūjaṃ katvā ‘ayaṃ vaṇṇo khayaṃ gacchissati, vayaṃ gacchissatī’ti khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapeti, tadā bhāvanāmayaṃ hoti.</p>
    1008. 

  1008. <p class="bodytext">Dānamayaṃ pana hutvā vattamānampi yadā tīṇi ratanāni sahatthena pūjentassa pavattatti, tadā kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yadā tīṇi ratanāni pūjento puttadāradāsakammakaraporisādayopi āṇāpetvā pūjāpeti tadā vacīkammaṃ hoti. Yadā tadeva vuttappakāraṃ vijjamānakavatthuṃ ārabbha vaṇṇadānaṃ dassāmīti cinteti tadā manokammaṃ hoti. Vinayapariyāyaṃ patvā hi ‘dassāmi karissāmī’ti vācā bhinnā hotīti (pārā. 659) iminā lakkhaṇena dānaṃ nāma hoti. Abhidhammapariyāyaṃ patvā pana vijjamānakavatthuṃ ārabbha ‘dassāmī’ti manasā cintitakālato paṭṭhāya kusalaṃ hoti. Aparabhāge kāyena vā vācāya vā kattabbaṃ karissatīti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ dānamayaṃ kāyavacīmanokammavaseneva tividhaṃ hoti.</p>
    1009. 

  1009. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana taṃ vuttappakāraṃ vatthuṃ labhitvā kulavaṃsādivasena sahatthā ratanattayaṃ pūjeti tadā sīlamayaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yadā kulavaṃsādivaseneva puttadārādayo āṇāpetvā pūjāpeti tadā vacīkammaṃ hoti. Yadā <a name="P0.0078"></a> ‘mayhaṃ kulavaṃso, kulatanti kulappaveṇī esā, kulavattameta’nti vijjamānakavatthuṃ ārabbha ‘vaṇṇadānaṃ dassāmī’ti cinteti tadā manokammaṃ hoti. Evaṃ sīlamayaṃ kāyavacīmanokammavasena tividhaṃ hoti.</p>
    1010. 

  1010. <p class="bodytext">Yadā <a name="V0.0123"></a> pana taṃ vuttappakāraṃ vatthuṃ labhitvā tīṇi ratanāni pūjetvā caṅkamanto khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapeti tadā bhāvanāmayaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti. Vācāya sammasanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa vacīkammaṃ hoti, kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā manasāva sammasanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa manokammaṃ hoti. Evaṃ bhāvanāmayaṃ kāyavacīmanokammavasena tividhaṃ hoti. Evametaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā. Saddārammaṇādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1011. 

  1011. <p class="bodytext">Bherisaddādīsu <a name="M0.0120"></a> hi rajanīyasaddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tīhi niyamehetaṃ kusalaṃ uppajjati. Tattha saddaṃ kandamūlaṃ viya uppāṭetvā nīluppalahatthakaṃ viya ca hatthe ṭhapetvā dātuṃ nāma na sakkā, savatthukaṃ pana katvā dento saddadānaṃ deti nāma. Tasmā yadā ‘saddadānaṃ dassāmī’ti bherimudiṅgādīsu aññataratūriyena tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ upahāraṃ karoti, ‘saddadānaṃ me’ti bheriādīni ṭhapāpeti, dhammakathikabhikkhūnaṃ sarabhesajjatelaphāṇitādīni deti, dhammasavanaṃ ghoseti, sarabhaññaṃ bhaṇati, dhammakathaṃ katheti, upanisinnakakathaṃ anumodanakathaṃ karoti, tadā dānamayaṃyeva hoti. Yadā etadeva vidhānaṃ kulavaṃsādivasena vattavasena karoti tadā sīlamayaṃ hoti. Yadā sabbampetaṃ katvā ayaṃ ettako saddo brahmalokappamāṇopi hutvā ‘khayaṃ gamissati, vayaṃ gamissatī’ti sammasanaṃ paṭṭhapeti tadā bhāvanāmayaṃ hoti.</p>
    1012. 

  1012. <p class="bodytext">Tattha dānamayaṃ tāva yadā bheriādīni gahetvā sahatthā upahāraṃ karoti, niccupahāratthāya ṭhapentopi sahatthā ṭhapeti, ‘saddadānaṃ me’ti dhammasavanaṃ ghosetuṃ gacchati, dhammakathaṃ sarabhaññaṃ kātuṃ vā gacchati, tadā kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yadā ‘gacchatha, tātā, amhākaṃ saddadānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ <a name="P0.0079"></a> upahāraṃ karothā’ti āṇāpeti, ‘saddadānaṃ me’ti cetiyaṅgaṇesu ‘imaṃ bheriṃ, imaṃ mudiṅgaṃ ṭhapethā’ti āṇāpeti, sayameva dhammasavanaṃ ghoseti, dhammakathaṃ katheti, sarabhaññaṃ bhaṇati, tadā vacīkammaṃ hoti. Yadā kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā ‘saddadānaṃ dassāmī’ti vijjamānakavatthuṃ manasā pariccajati, tadā manokammaṃ hoti.</p>
    1013. 

  1013. <p class="bodytext">Sīlamayampi ‘saddadānaṃ nāma mayhaṃ kulavaṃso kulatanti kulappaveṇī’ti bheriādīhi sahatthā upahāraṃ karontassa, bheriādīni sahatthā cetiyaṅgaṇādīsu ṭhapentassa, dhammakathikānaṃ sarabhesajjaṃ sahatthā dadantassa, vattasīsena dhammasavanaghosanadhammakathākathanasarabhaññabhaṇanatthāya ca gacchantassa kāyakammaṃ hoti. ‘Saddadānaṃ nāma amhākaṃ kulavaṃso kulatanti kulappaveṇī, gacchatha<a name="V0.0124"></a>, tātā, buddharatanādīnaṃ upahāraṃ karothā’ti āṇāpentassa kulavaṃsavaseneva attanā dhammakathaṃ vā sarabhaññaṃ vā karontassa ca vacīkammaṃ hoti. ‘Saddadānaṃ nāma mayhaṃ kulavaṃso <a name="M0.0121"></a> saddadānaṃ dassāmī’ti kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā manasāva vijjamānakavatthuṃ pariccajantassa manokammaṃ hoti.</p>
    1014. 

  1014. <p class="bodytext">Bhāvanāmayampi yadā caṅkamanto sadde khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapeti tadā kāyakammaṃ hoti. Kāyaṅgaṃ pana acopetvā vācāya sammasantassa vacīkammaṃ hoti. Kāyaṅgavācaṅgaṃ acopetvā manasāva saddāyatanaṃ sammasantassa manokammaṃ hoti. Evaṃ saddārammaṇampi kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1015. 

  1015. <p class="bodytext">Mūlagandhādīsupi rajanīyagandhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tīhi niyamehetaṃ kusalaṃ uppajjati. Tattha yadā mūlagandhādīsu yaṃkiñci gandhaṃ labhitvā gandhavasena ābhujitvā ‘gandhadānaṃ mayha’nti buddharatanādīni pūjeti, tadā dānamayaṃ hotīti sabbaṃ vaṇṇadāne vuttanayeneva vitthārato veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ gandhārammaṇampi kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1016. 

  1016. <p class="bodytext">Mūlarasādīsu pana rajanīyarasaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tīhi niyamehetaṃ kusalaṃ uppajjati. Tattha yadā mūlarasādīsu yaṃkiñci rajanīyaṃ rasavatthuṃ labhitvā <a name="P0.0080"></a> rasavasena ābhujitvā ‘rasadānaṃ mayha’nti deti pariccajati, tadā dānamayaṃ hotīti sabbaṃ vaṇṇadāne vuttanayeneva vitthārato veditabbaṃ. Sīlamaye panettha ‘saṅghassa adatvā paribhuñjanaṃ nāma amhākaṃ na āciṇṇa’nti dvādasannaṃ bhikkhusahassānaṃ dāpetvā sādurasaṃ paribhuttassa duṭṭhagāmaṇiabhayarañño vatthuṃ ādiṃ katvā mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vatthūni āgatāni. Ayameva viseso. Evaṃ rasārammaṇampi kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1017. 

  1017. <p class="bodytext">Phoṭṭhabbārammaṇepi pathavīdhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātūti tīṇi mahābhūtāni phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ nāma. Imasmiṃ ṭhāne etesaṃ vasena yojanaṃ akatvā mañcapīṭhādivasena kātabbā. Yadā hi mañcapīṭhādīsu yaṃkiñci rajanīyaṃ phoṭṭhabbavatthuṃ labhitvā phoṭṭhabbavasena ābhujitvā ‘phoṭṭhabbadānaṃ <a name="V0.0125"></a> mayha’nti deti pariccajati, tadā dānamayaṃ hotīti sabbaṃ vaṇṇadāne vuttanayeneva vitthārato veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ phoṭṭhabbārammaṇampi kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1018. 

  1018. <p class="bodytext">Dhammārammaṇe <a name="M0.0122"></a> cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, tīṇi lakkhaṇāni, tayo arūpino khandhā, pannarasa sukhumarūpāni, nibbānapaññattīti ime dhammāyatane pariyāpannā ca, apariyāpannā ca, dhammā dhammārammaṇaṃ nāma. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne etesaṃ vasena yojanaṃ akatvā ojadānapānadānajīvitadānavasena kātabbā. Ojādīsu hi rajanīyaṃ dhammārammaṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tīhi niyamehetaṃ kusalaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    1019. 

  1019. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yadā ‘ojadānaṃ mayha’nti sappinavanītādīni deti, pānadānanti aṭṭha pānāni deti, jīvitadānanti salākabhattasaṅghabhattādīni deti, aphāsukānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhesajjaṃ deti, vejjaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti, jālaṃ phālāpeti, kumīnaṃ viddhaṃsāpeti, sakuṇapañjaraṃ viddhaṃsāpeti, bandhanamokkhaṃ kārāpeti, māghātabheriṃ carāpeti, aññānipi jīvitaparittāṇatthaṃ evarūpāni kammāni karoti tadā dānamayaṃ hoti. Yadā pana ‘ojadānapānadānajīvitadānāni mayhaṃ kulavaṃso kulatanti kulappaveṇī’ti vattasīsena ojadānādīni pavatteti tadā sīlamayaṃ hoti. Yadā dhammārammaṇasmiṃ khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapeti tadā <a name="P0.0081"></a> bhāvanāmayaṃ hoti.</p>
    1020. 

  1020. <p class="bodytext">Dānamayaṃ pana hutvā pavattamānampi yadā ojadānapānadānajīvitadānāni sahatthā deti, tadā kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yadā puttadārādayo āṇāpetvā dāpeti, tadā vacīkammaṃ hoti. Yadā kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā ojadānapānadānajīvitadānavasena vijjamānakavatthuṃ ‘dassāmī’ti manasā cinteti, tadā manokammaṃ hoti.</p>
    1021. 

  1021. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana vuttappakāraṃ vijjamānakavatthuṃ kulavaṃsādivasena sahatthā deti, tadā sīlamayaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti. Yadā kulavaṃsādivaseneva puttadārādayo āṇāpetvā dāpeti, tadā vacīkammaṃ hoti. Yadā kulavaṃsādivaseneva vuttappakāraṃ vijjamānakavatthuṃ ‘dassāmī’ti manasāva cinteti, tadā manokammaṃ hoti.</p>
    1022. 

  1022. <p class="bodytext">Caṅkamitvā <a name="V0.0126"></a> dhammārammaṇe khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapentassa pana bhāvanāmayaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti. Kāyaṅgaṃ acopetvā vācāya khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapentassa vacīkammaṃ hoti. Kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā manasāva dhammārammaṇe khayavayaṃ <a name="M0.0123"></a> paṭṭhapentassa manokammaṃ hoti. Evaṃ bhāvanāmayaṃ kāyavacīmanokammavasena tividhaṃ hoti. Evametaṃ dhammārammaṇampi kusalaṃ tividhapuññakiriyavatthuvasena navahi kammadvārehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1023. 

  1023. <p class="bodytext">Evamidaṃ cittaṃ nānāvatthūsu nānārammaṇavasena dīpitaṃ. Idaṃ pana ekavatthusmimpi nānārammaṇavasena labbhatiyeva. Kathaṃ? Catūsu hi paccayesu cīvare cha ārammaṇāni labbhanti – navarattassa hi cīvarassa vaṇṇo manāpo hoti dassanīyo, idaṃ vaṇṇārammaṇaṃ. Paribhogakāle paṭapaṭasaddaṃ karoti, idaṃ saddārammaṇaṃ. Yo tattha kāḷakacchakādigandho, idaṃ gandhārammaṇaṃ. Rasārammaṇaṃ pana paribhogarasavasena kathitaṃ. Yā tattha sukhasamphassatā, idaṃ phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ. Cīvaraṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhā vedanā, dhammārammaṇaṃ. Piṇḍapāte rasārammaṇaṃ nippariyāyeneva labbhati. Evaṃ catūsu paccayesu nānārammaṇavasena yojanaṃ katvā dānamayādibhedo veditabbo.</p>
    1024. 

  1024. <p class="bodytext">Imassa pana cittassa ārammaṇameva nibaddhaṃ, vinā ārammaṇena anuppajjanato. Dvāraṃ pana anibaddhaṃ. Kasmā? Kammassa anibaddhattā. Kammasmiñhi anibaddhe dvārampi anibaddhameva hoti.</p>
    1025. 

  1025. <p class="title">Kāmāvacarakusalaṃ dvārakathā</p>
    1026. 

  1026. <p class="subhead">Kāyakammadvārakathā</p>
    1027. 

  1027. <p class="bodytext">Imassa panatthassa <a name="P0.0082"></a> pakāsanatthaṃ imasmiṃ ṭhāne <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> dvārakathā kathitā. Tattha tīṇi kammāni, tīṇi kammadvārāni, pañca viññāṇāni, pañca viññāṇadvārāni, cha phassā, cha phassadvārāni, aṭṭha asaṃvarā, aṭṭha asaṃvaradvārāni, aṭṭha saṃvarā, aṭṭha saṃvaradvārāni, dasa kusalakammapathā, dasa akusalakammapathāti, idaṃ ettakaṃ dvārakathāya mātikāṭhapanaṃ nāma.</p>
    1028. 

  1028. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0127"></a> kiñcāpi tīṇi kammāni paṭhamaṃ vuttāni, tāni pana ṭhapetvā ādito tāva tīṇi kammadvārāni bhājetvā dassitāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Kāyakammadvāraṃ, vacīkammadvāraṃ, manokammadvāranti.</p>
    1029. 

  1029. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0124"></a> catubbidho kāyo – upādinnako, āhārasamuṭṭhāno, utusamuṭṭhāno, cittasamuṭṭhānoti. Tattha cakkhāyatanādīni jīvitindriyapariyantāni aṭṭha kammasamuṭṭhānarūpānipi, kammasamuṭṭhānāneva catasso dhātuyo vaṇṇo gandho raso ojāti aṭṭha upādinnakakāyo nāma. Tāneva aṭṭha āhārajāni āhārasamuṭṭhānikakāyo nāma. Aṭṭha utujāni utusamuṭṭhānikakāyo nāma. Aṭṭha cittajāni cittasamuṭṭhānikakāyo nāma.</p>
    1030. 

  1030. <p class="bodytext">Tesu <span class="bld">kāyakammadvāra</span>nti neva upādinnakakāyassa nāmaṃ na itaresaṃ. Cittasamuṭṭhānesu pana aṭṭhasu rūpesu ekā viññatti atthi, idaṃ kāyakammadvāraṃ nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ kāyaviññatti? Yā kusalacittassa vā, akusalacittassa vā, abyākatacittassa vā, abhikkamantassa vā paṭikkamantassa vā, ālokentassa vā vilokentassa vā, samiñjentassa vā pasārentassa vā, kāyassa thambhanā santhambhanā santhambhitattaṃ, viññatti viññāpanā viññāpitattaṃ, idaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ kāyaviññattī’’ti (dha. sa. 720). ‘Abhikkamissāmi paṭikkamissāmī’ti hi cittaṃ uppajjamānaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tattha yā pathavīdhātu āpodhātu tejodhātu vāyodhātu tannissito vaṇṇo gandho raso ojāti imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ rūpakalāpānaṃ abbhantare cittasamuṭṭhānā vāyodhātu, sā attanā sahajātaṃ rūpakāyaṃ santhambheti sandhāreti cāleti abhikkamāpeti paṭikkamāpeti.</p>
    1031. 

  1031. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ekāvajjanavīthiyaṃ sattasu javanesu paṭhamacittasamuṭṭhitā vāyodhātu <a name="P0.0083"></a> attanā sahajātaṃ rūpakāyaṃ santhambhetuṃ sandhāretuṃ sakkoti, aparāparaṃ pana cāletuṃ na sakkoti. Dutiyādīsupi eseva nayo. Sattamacittena pana samuṭṭhitā vāyodhātu heṭṭhā chahi cittehi samuṭṭhitaṃ vāyodhātuṃ upatthambhanapaccayaṃ labhitvā attanā sahajātaṃ rūpakāyaṃ santhambhetuṃ sandhāretuṃ cāletuṃ abhikkamāpetuṃ paṭikkamāpetuṃ ālokāpetuṃ vilokāpetuṃ sammiñjāpetuṃ pasārāpetuṃ sakkoti. Tena gamanaṃ nāma jāyati, āgamanaṃ nāma jāyati, gamanāgamanaṃ nāma jāyati. ‘Yojanaṃ gato dasayojanaṃ gato’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjāpeti.</p>
    1032. 

  1032. <p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M0.0125"></a><a name="V0.0128"></a> hi sattahi yugehi ākaḍḍhitabbe sakaṭe paṭhamayuge yuttagoṇā yugaṃ tāva santhambhetuṃ sandhāretuṃ sakkonti, cakkaṃ pana napavaṭṭenti; dutiyādīsupi eseva nayo; sattamayuge pana goṇe yojetvā yadā cheko sārathi dhure nisīditvā yottāni ādāya sabbapurimato paṭṭhāya patodalaṭṭhiyā goṇe ākoṭeti, tadā sabbeva ekabalā hutvā dhurañca sandhārenti cakkāni ca pavaṭṭenti. ‘Sakaṭaṃ gahetvā dasayojanaṃ vīsatiyojanaṃ gatā’ti vattabbataṃ āpādenti – evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1033. 

  1033. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yo cittasamuṭṭhānikakāyo na so viññatti, cittasamuṭṭhānāya pana vāyodhātuyā sahajātaṃ rūpakāyaṃ santhambhetuṃ sandhāretuṃ cāletuṃ paccayo bhavituṃ samattho eko ākāravikāro atthi, ayaṃ viññatti nāma. Sā aṭṭha rūpāni viya na cittasamuṭṭhānā. Yathā pana aniccādibhedānaṃ dhammānaṃ jarāmaraṇattā, ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhata’’ntiādi (saṃ. ni. 2.20) vuttaṃ, evaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānānaṃ rūpānaṃ viññattitāya sāpi cittasamuṭṭhānā nāma hoti.</p>
    1034. 

  1034. <p class="bodytext">Viññāpanattā panesā viññattīti vuccati. Kiṃ viññāpetīti? Ekaṃ kāyikakaraṇaṃ. Cakkhupathasmiñhi ṭhito hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā ukkhipati, sīsaṃ vā bhamukaṃ vā cāleti, ayaṃ hatthādīnaṃ ākāro cakkhuviññeyyo hoti. Viññatti pana na cakkhuviññeyyā manoviññeyyā eva. Cakkhunā hi hatthavikārādivasena vipphandamānaṃ vaṇṇārammaṇameva passati. Viññattiṃ pana manodvārikacittena cintetvā ‘idañcidañca esa kāreti maññe’ti jānāti.</p>
    1035. 

  1035. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi araññe nidāghasamaye udakaṭṭhāne manussā ‘imāya saññāya idha udakassa atthibhāvaṃ jānissantī’ti rukkhagge tālapaṇṇādīni bandhāpenti, surāpānadvāre dhajaṃ ussāpenti, uccaṃ vā <a name="P0.0084"></a> pana rukkhaṃ vāto paharitvā cāleti, antoudake macche calante upari bubbuḷakāni uṭṭhahanti, mahoghassa gatamaggapariyante tiṇapaṇṇakasaṭaṃ ussāritaṃ hoti. Tattha tālapaṇṇadhajasākhācalanabubbuḷakatiṇapaṇṇakasaṭe disvā yathā cakkhunā adiṭṭhampi ‘ettha udakaṃ bhavissati, surā bhavissati, ayaṃ rukkho vātena pahato bhavissati, antoudake maccho bhavissati, ettakaṃ <a name="M0.0126"></a> ṭhānaṃ ajjhottharitvā ogho gato bhavissatī’ti manoviññāṇena jānāti, evameva viññattipi na cakkhuviññeyyā manoviññeyyāva. Cakkhunā hi hatthavikārādivasena <a name="V0.0129"></a> vipphandamānaṃ vaṇṇārammaṇameva passati. Viññattiṃ pana manodvārikacittena cintetvā ‘idañcidañca esa kāreti maññe’ti jānāti.</p>
    1036. 

  1036. <p class="bodytext">Na kevalañcesā viññāpanatova viññatti nāma. Viññeyyatopi pana <span class="bld">viññatti</span>yeva nāma. Ayañhi paresaṃ antamaso tiracchānagatānampi pākaṭā hoti. Tattha tattha sannipatitā hi soṇasiṅgālakākagoṇādayo daṇḍaṃ vā leḍḍuṃ vā gahetvā paharaṇākāre dassite ‘ayaṃ no paharitukāmo’ti ñatvā yena vā tena vā palāyanti. Pākārakuṭṭādiantarikassa pana parassa apākaṭakālopi atthi. Kiñcāpi tasmiṃ khaṇe apākaṭā sammukhībhūtānaṃ pana pākaṭattā viññattiyeva nāma hoti.</p>
    1037. 

  1037. <p class="bodytext">Cittasamuṭṭhānike pana kāye calante tisamuṭṭhāniko calati na calatīti? Sopi tatheva calati. Taṃgatiko tadanuvattakova hoti. Yathā hi udake gacchante udake patitāni sukkhadaṇḍakatiṇapaṇṇādīnipi udakagatikāneva bhavanti, tasmiṃ gacchante gacchanti, tiṭṭhante tiṭṭhanti – evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Evamesā cittasamuṭṭhānesu rūpesu viññatti <span class="bld">kāyakammadvāraṃ</span> nāmāti veditabbā.</p>
    1038. 

  1038. <p class="bodytext">Yā pana tasmiṃ dvāre siddhā cetanā yāya pāṇaṃ hanati, adinnaṃ ādiyati, micchācāraṃ carati, pāṇātipātādīhi viramati, idaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma. Evaṃ paravādimhi sati kāyo dvāraṃ, tamhi dvāre siddhā cetanā kāyakammaṃ ‘kusalaṃ vā akusalaṃ vā’ti ṭhapetabbaṃ. Paravādimhi pana asati ‘abyākataṃ vā’ti tikaṃ pūretvāva ṭhapetabbaṃ. Tattha yathā nagaradvāraṃ kataṭṭhāneyeva tiṭṭhati, aṅgulamattampi aparāparaṃ na saṅkamati, tena tena pana dvārena mahājano sañcarati, evameva dvāre dvāraṃ na sañcarati, kammaṃ pana tasmiṃ tasmiṃ dvāre uppajjanato carati. Tenāhu porāṇā –</p>
    1039. 

  1039. <p class="gatha1">Dvāre caranti kammāni, na dvārā dvāracārino;</p>
    1040. 

  1040. <p class="gathalast">Tasmā dvārehi kammāni, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitāti.</p>
    1041. 

  1041. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0127"></a><a name="P0.0085"></a> kammenāpi dvāraṃ nāmaṃ labhati, dvārenāpi kammaṃ. Yathā hi viññāṇādīnaṃ uppajjanaṭṭhānāni <a name="V0.0130"></a> viññāṇadvāraṃ phassadvāraṃ asaṃvaradvāraṃ saṃvaradvāranti nāmaṃ labhanti, evaṃ kāyakammassa uppajjanaṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammadvāranti nāmaṃ labhati. Vacīmanokammadvāresupi eseva nayo. Yathā pana tasmiṃ tasmiṃ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā simbalidevatā palāsadevatā pucimandadevatā phandanadevatāti tena tena rukkhena nāmaṃ labhati, evameva kāyadvārena kataṃ kammampi kāyakammanti dvārena nāmaṃ labhati. Vacīkammamanokammesupi eseva nayo. Tattha añño kāyo, aññaṃ kammaṃ, kāyena pana katattā taṃ kāyakammanti vuccati. Tenāhu aṭṭhakathācariyā –</p>
    1042. 

  1042. <p class="gatha1">Kāyena ce kataṃ kammaṃ, kāyakammanti vuccati;</p>
    1043. 

  1043. <p class="gathalast">Kāyo ca kāyakammañca, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitā.</p>
    1044. 

  1044. <p class="gatha1">Sūciyā ce kataṃ kammaṃ, sūcikammanti vuccati;</p>
    1045. 

  1045. <p class="gathalast">Sūci ca sūcikammañca, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitā.</p>
    1046. 

  1046. <p class="gatha1">Vāsiyā ce kataṃ kammaṃ, vāsikammanti vuccati;</p>
    1047. 

  1047. <p class="gathalast">Vāsi ca vāsikammañca, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitā.</p>
    1048. 

  1048. <p class="gatha1">Purisena ce kataṃ kammaṃ, purisakammanti vuccati;</p>
    1049. 

  1049. <p class="gathalast">Puriso ca purisakammañca, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitā.</p>
    1050. 

  1050. <p class="centered">Evamevaṃ.</p>
    1051. 

  1051. <p class="gatha1">Kāyena ce kataṃ kammaṃ, kāyakammanti vuccati;</p>
    1052. 

  1052. <p class="gathalast">Kāyo ca kāyakammañca, aññamaññaṃ vavatthitāti.</p>
    1053. 

  1053. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sante neva dvāravavatthānaṃ yujjati, na kammavavatthānaṃ. Kathaṃ? Kāyaviññattiyañhi ‘‘dvāre caranti kammānī’’ti vacanato vacīkammampi pavattati, tenassā kāyakammadvāranti vavatthānaṃ na yuttaṃ. Kāyakammañca vacīviññattiyampi pavattati, tenassa kāyakammanti vavatthānaṃ na yujjatī’ti. ‘No na yujjati. Kasmā? Yebhuyyavuttitāya ceva tabbahulavuttitāya ca. Kāyakammameva hi yebhuyyena kāyaviññattiyaṃ pavattati na itarāni, tasmā kāyakammassa yebhuyyena pavattito tassā kāyakammadvārabhāvo siddho. Brāhmaṇagāmaambavananāgavanādīnaṃ brāhmaṇagāmādibhāvo viyāti dvāravavatthānaṃ yujjati. Kāyakammaṃ pana kāyadvāramhiyeva bahulaṃ pavattati <a name="V0.0131"></a> appaṃ vacīdvāre<a name="M0.0128"></a>. Tasmā kāyadvāre bahulaṃ pavattito etassa <a name="P0.0086"></a> kāyakammabhāvo siddho, vanacarakathullakumārikādigocarānaṃ vanacarakādibhāvo viyāti. Evaṃ kammavavatthānampi yujjatī’ti.</p>
    1054. 

  1054. <p class="centered">Kāyakammadvārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1055. 

  1055. <p class="subhead">Vacīkammadvārakathā</p>
    1056. 

  1056. <p class="bodytext">Vacīkammadvārakathāyaṃ pana cetanāviratisaddavasena tividhā vācā nāma. Tattha ‘‘catūhi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgatā vācā subhāsitā hoti no dubbhāsitā, anavajjā ca ananuvajjā ca viññūna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 1.213); ayaṃ cetanāvācā nāma. Yā ‘‘catūhi vacīduccaritehi ārati virati…pe… ayaṃ vuccati sammāvācā’’ti (vibha. 206), ayaṃ virativācā nāma. ‘‘Vācā girā byappatho udīraṇaṃ ghoso ghosakammaṃ vācā vacībhedo’’ti (dha. sa. 850), ayaṃ saddavācā nāma. Tāsu <span class="bld">vacīkammadvāra</span>nti neva cetanāya nāmaṃ na viratiyā. Sahasaddā pana ekā viññatti atthi, idaṃ vacīkammadvāraṃ nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ vacīviññatti? Yā kusalacittassa vā akusalacittassa vā abyākatacittassa vā vācā girā byappatho udīraṇaṃ ghoso ghosakammaṃ vācā vacībhedo, ayaṃ vuccati vācā. Yā tāya vācāya viññatti viññāpanā viññāpitattaṃ, idaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ vacīviññattī’’ti (dha. sa. 636).</p>
    1057. 

  1057. <p class="bodytext">‘Idaṃ vakkhāmi etaṃ vakkhāmī’ti hi vitakkayato vitakkavipphārasaddo nāma uppajjati. Ayaṃ na sotaviññeyyo manoviññeyyoti <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> āgato. Āgamaṭṭhakathāsu pana <span class="bld">‘vitakkavipphārasadda’</span>nti vitakkavipphāravasena uppannaṃ vippalapantānaṃ suttappamattādīnaṃ saddaṃ; <span class="bld">‘sutvā’</span>ti taṃ sutvā, yaṃ vitakkayato tassa so saddo uppanno; tassa vasena ‘evampi te mano, itthampi te mano’ti ādisatīti vatvā vatthūnipi kathitāni. Paṭṭhānepi ‘‘cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ saddāyatanaṃ sotaviññāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti āgataṃ. Tasmā vinā viññattighaṭṭanāya <a name="V0.0132"></a> uppajjamāno asotaviññeyyo vitakkavipphārasaddo nāma natthi. ‘Idaṃ vakkhāmi <a name="M0.0129"></a> etaṃ vakkhāmī’ti uppajjamānaṃ pana cittaṃ pathavīdhātu āpodhātu <a name="P0.0087"></a> tejodhātu vāyodhātu vaṇṇo gandho raso ojāti aṭṭha rūpāni samuṭṭhāpeti. Tesaṃ abbhantare cittasamuṭṭhānā pathavīdhātu upādinnakaṃ ghaṭṭayamānāva uppajjati. Tena dhātusaṅghaṭṭanena saheva saddo uppajjatīti. Ayaṃ cittasamuṭṭhānasaddo nāma. Ayaṃ na viññatti. Tassā pana cittasamuṭṭhānāya pathavīdhātuyā upādinnakaghaṭṭanassa paccayabhūto eko ākāravikāro atthi, ayaṃ vacīviññatti nāma. Ito paraṃ sā aṭṭha rūpāni viya na cittasamuṭṭhānātiādi sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1058. 

  1058. <p class="bodytext">Idhāpi hi ‘tissa, datta, mittā’ti pakkosantassa saddaṃ sutvā viññattiṃ manodvārikacittena cintetvā ‘idañcidañca esa kāreti maññe’ti jānāti. Kāyaviññatti viya ca ayampi tiracchānagatānampi pākaṭā hoti. ‘Ehi, yāhī’ti hi saddaṃ sutvā tiracchānagatāpi ‘idaṃ nāmesa kāreti maññe’ti ñatvā āgacchanti ceva gacchanti ca. Tisamuṭṭhānikakāyaṃ cāleti na cāletīti, ayaṃ pana vāro idha na labbhati. Purimacittasamuṭṭhānāya upatthambhanakiccampi natthi. Yā pana tasmiṃ vacīdvāre siddhā cetanā, yāya musā katheti, pesuññaṃ katheti, pharusaṃ katheti, samphaṃ palapati, musāvādādīhi viramati, idaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma. Ito paraṃ sabbaṃ kammavavatthānañca dvāravavatthānañca heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.</p>
    1059. 

  1059. <p class="centered">Vacīkammadvārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1060. 

  1060. <p class="subhead">Manokammadvārakathā</p>
    1061. 

  1061. <p class="bodytext">Manokammadvārakathāyaṃ pana kāmāvacarādivasena catubbidho mano mano nāma. Tattha kāmāvacaro catupaññāsavidho hoti, rūpāvacaro pannarasavidho, arūpāvacaro dvādasavidho, lokuttaro aṭṭhavidhoti sabbopi ekūnanavutividho hoti. Tattha ayaṃ nāma mano manodvāraṃ na hotīti na vattabbo. Yathā hi ayaṃ nāma cetanā kammaṃ na hotīti na vattabbā, antamaso pañcaviññāṇasampayuttāpi <a name="V0.0133"></a> hi cetanā <span class="bld">mahāpakaraṇe</span> kammantveva niddiṭṭhā, evameva ayaṃ nāma mano manodvāraṃ na hotīti na vattabbo.</p>
    1062. 

  1062. <p class="bodytext">Etthāha <a name="M0.0130"></a> – kammaṃ nāmetaṃ kiṃ karotīti? Āyūhati, abhisaṅkharoti, piṇḍaṃ karoti, ceteti, kappeti, pakappetīti. Evaṃ sante pañcaviññāṇacetanā kiṃ āyūhati, abhisaṅkharoti, piṇḍaṃ <a name="P0.0088"></a> karoti, ceteti, kappeti, pakappetīti?. Sahajātadhamme. Sāpi hi sahajāte sampayuttakkhandhe āyūhati abhisaṅkharoti piṇḍaṃ karoti ceteti kappeti pakappetīti. Kiṃ vā iminā vādena? Sabbasaṅgāhikavasena hetaṃ vuttaṃ. Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ – tebhūmakakusalākusalo ekūnatiṃsavidho mano manokammadvāraṃ nāma. Yā pana tasmiṃ manodvāre siddhā cetanā yāya abhijjhābyāpādamicchādassanāni ceva anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādassanāni ca gaṇhāti, idaṃ manokammaṃ nāma. Ito paraṃ sabbaṃ kammavavatthānañca dvāravavatthānañca heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbanti. Imāni tīṇi kammadvārāni nāma.</p>
    1063. 

  1063. <p class="centered">Manokammadvārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1064. 

  1064. <p class="subhead">Kammakathā</p>
    1065. 

  1065. <p class="bodytext">Idāni yāni tīṇi kammāni ṭhapetvā imāni kammadvārāni dassitāni, tāni ādiṃ katvā avasesassa dvārakathāya mātikāṭhapanassa vitthārakathā hoti. Tīṇi hi kammāni – kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammanti. Kiṃ panetaṃ kammaṃ nāmāti? Cetanā ceva, ekacce ca cetanāsampayuttakā dhammā. Tattha cetanāya kammabhāve imāni suttāni –</p>
    1066. 

  1066. <p class="indent">‘‘Cetanāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kammaṃ vadāmi, cetayitvā kammaṃ karoti kāyena vācāya manasā’’ (a. ni. 6.63; kathā. 539). ‘‘Kāye vā hi, ānanda, sati kāyasañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ, vācāya vā, ānanda, sati vacīsañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ; mane vā, ānanda, sati manosañcetanāhetu <a name="V0.0134"></a> uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ’’ (saṃ. ni. 2.25; a. ni. 4.171). ‘‘Tividhā, bhikkhave, kāyasañcetanā akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ dukkhudrayaṃ, dukkhavipākaṃ; catubbidhā, bhikkhave, vacīsañcetanā…pe… tividhā, bhikkhave, manosañcetanā akusalaṃ manokammaṃ dukkhudrayaṃ dukkhavipākaṃ tividhā<a name="M0.0131"></a>, bhikkhave, kāyasañcetanā kusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ sukhudrayaṃ sukhavipākaṃ catubbidhā, bhikkhave, vacīsañcetanā…pe… tividhā, bhikkhave, manosañcetanā, kusalaṃ manokammaṃ sukhudrayaṃ sukhavipākaṃ’’ (kathā. 539; a. ni. 10.217 thokaṃ visadisaṃ). ‘‘Sacāyaṃ, ānanda, samiddhi moghapuriso pāṭaliputtassa paribbājakassa evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākareyya – sañcetaniyaṃ, āvuso pāṭaliputta, kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā, sukhavedanīyaṃ sukhaṃ so vedayati…pe… adukkhamasukhavedanīyaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ so vedayatīti; evaṃ byākaramāno kho, ānanda, samiddhi moghapuriso pāṭaliputtassa paribbājakassa sammā byākaramāno byākareyyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.300; kathā. 539).</p>
    1067. 

  1067. <p class="bodytext">Imāni tāva cetanāya kammabhāve suttāni. Cetanāsampayuttadhammānaṃ pana kammabhāvo kammacatukkena dīpito. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    1068. 

  1068. <p class="indent">‘‘Cattārimāni<a name="P0.0089"></a>, bhikkhave, kammāni mayā sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā paveditāni. Katamāni cattāri? Atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṃ kaṇhaṃ kaṇhavipākaṃ, atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṃ sukkaṃ sukkavipākaṃ, atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṃ kaṇhasukkaṃ kaṇhasukkavipākaṃ, atthi, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattati (a. ni. 4.232-233).… Katamañca, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattati? Yadidaṃ satta bojjhaṅgā – satisambojjhaṅgo…pe… upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo, idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattati (a. ni. 4.238).… Katamañca, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattati? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo – seyyathidaṃ, sammādiṭṭhi <a name="V0.0135"></a> …pe… sammāsamādhi. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, kammaṃ akaṇhaṃ asukkaṃ akaṇhaasukkavipākaṃ kammakkhayāya saṃvattatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.237).</p>
    1069. 

  1069. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ime bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgappabhedato pannarasa dhammā kammacatukkena dīpitā. Abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhi, anabhijjhā, abyāpādo, sammādiṭṭhīti imehi pana chahi saddhiṃ ekavīsati cetanāsampayuttakā dhammā veditabbā.</p>
    1070. 

  1070. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0132"></a> lokuttaramaggo bhajāpiyamāno kāyakammādīni tīṇi kammāni bhajati. Yañhi kāyena dussīlyaṃ ajjhācarati, tamhā saṃvaro kāyikoti veditabbo. Yaṃ vācāya dussīlyaṃ ajjhācarati, tamhā saṃvaro vācasikoti veditabbo. Iti sammākammanto kāyakammaṃ, sammāvācā vacīkammaṃ. Etasmiṃ dvaye gahite sammāājīvo tappakkhikattā gahitova hoti. Yaṃ pana manena dussīlyaṃ ajjhācarati, tamhā saṃvaro mānasikoti veditabbo. So diṭṭhisaṅkappavāyāmasatisamādhivasena pañcavidho hoti. Ayaṃ pañcavidhopi manokammaṃ nāma. Evaṃ lokuttaramaggo bhajāpiyamāno tīṇi kammāni bhajati.</p>
    1071. 

  1071. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne dvārasaṃsandanaṃ nāma hoti. Kāyavacīdvāresu hi copanaṃ patvā kammapathaṃ appattampi atthi, manodvāre ca samudācāraṃ patvā kammapathaṃ appattampi <a name="P0.0090"></a> atthi; taṃ gahetvā taṃtaṃdvārapakkhikameva akaṃsu.</p>
    1072. 

  1072. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ nayo – yo ‘migavaṃ gamissāmī’ti dhanuṃ sajjeti, jiyaṃ vaṭṭeti, sattiṃ niseti, bhattaṃ bhuñjati, vatthaṃ paridahati, ettāvatā kāyadvāre copanaṃ pattaṃ hoti. So araññe divasaṃ caritvā antamaso sasabiḷāramattampi na labhati, idaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma hoti na hotīti? Na hoti. Kasmā? Kammapathaṃ appattatāya. Kevalaṃ pana kāyaduccaritaṃ nāma hotīti veditabbaṃ. Macchaggahaṇādī supayogesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1073. 

  1073. <p class="bodytext">Vacīdvārepi ‘migavaṃ gamissāmi’ ‘vegena dhanuādīni sajjethā’ti āṇāpetvā purimanayeneva araññe kiñci alabhantassa kiñcāpi vacīdvāre copanaṃ pattaṃ, kammapathaṃ appattatāya pana kāyakammaṃ na hoti. Kevalaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ nāma hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1074. 

  1074. <p class="bodytext">Manodvāre <a name="V0.0136"></a> pana vadhakacetanāya uppannamattāya eva kammapathabhedova hoti. So ca kho byāpādavasena na pāṇātipātavasena. Akusalañhi kāyakammaṃ kāyavacīdvāresu samuṭṭhāti, na manodvāre; tathā akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ. Akusalaṃ manokammaṃ pana tīsupi dvāresu samuṭṭhāti; tathā kusalāni kāyavacīmanokammāni.</p>
    1075. 

  1075. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ<a name="M0.0133"></a>? Sahatthā hi pāṇaṃ hanantassa adinnaṃ ādiyantassa micchācāraṃ carantassa kammaṃ kāyakammameva hoti. Dvārampi kāyadvārameva hoti. Evaṃ tāva akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ kāyadvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi pana cittehi sahajātā abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiyo cetanāpakkhikā vā bhavanti, abbohārikā vā. ‘Gaccha itthannāmaṃ jīvitā voropehi, itthannāmaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ avaharā’ti āṇāpentassa pana kammaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pana vacīdvāraṃ. Evaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīdvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi pana cittehi sahajātā abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiyo cetanāpakkhikā vā bhavanti abbohārikā vā. Ettakā ācariyānaṃ samānatthakathā nāma.</p>
    1076. 

  1076. <p class="bodytext">Vitaṇḍavādī panāha – ‘akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ manodvārepi samuṭṭhātī’ti. So ‘tayo saṅgahe āruḷhaṃ suttaṃ āharāhī’ti vutto idaṃ kulumbasuttaṃ nāma āhari –</p>
    1077. 

  1077. <p class="indent">‘‘Puna caparaṃ<a name="P0.0091"></a>, bhikkhave, idhekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā iddhimā cetovasippatto aññissā kucchigataṃ gabbhaṃ pāpakena manasā anupekkhako hoti – ‘aho vatāyaṃ kucchigato gabbho na sotthinā abhinikkhameyyā’ti. Evaṃ, bhikkhave, kulumbassa upaghāto hotī’’ti.</p>
    1078. 

  1078. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ suttaṃ āharitvā āha – ‘evaṃ cintitamatteyeva manasā kucchigato gabbho pheṇapiṇḍo viya vilīyati. Ettha kuto kāyaṅgacopanaṃ vā vācaṅgacopanaṃ vā? Manodvārasmiṃyeva pana idaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ samuṭṭhātī’ti.</p>
    1079. 

  1079. <p class="bodytext">Tamenaṃ ‘tava suttassa atthaṃ tulayissāmā’ti vatvā evaṃ tulayiṃsu – ‘tvaṃ iddhiyā parūpaghātaṃ vadesi. Iddhi nāma cesā – adhiṭṭhāniddhi, vikubbaniddhi, manomayiddhi, ñāṇavipphāriddhi, samādhivipphāriddhi, ariyiddhi, kammavipākajiddhi, puññavato iddhi, vijjāmayiddhi<a name="V0.0137"></a>, tattha tattha sammāpayogapaccayā ijjhanaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0134"></a> iddhīti dasavidhā (paṭi. ma. 3.10). Tattha kataraṃ iddhiṃ vadesī’ti? ‘Bhāvanāmaya’nti. ‘Kiṃ pana bhāvanāmayiddhiyā parūpaghātakammaṃ hotī’ti? ‘Āma, ekacce ācariyā ekavāraṃ hotī’ti; vadanti yathā hi paraṃ paharitukāmena udakabharite ghaṭe khitte ghaṭopi bhijjati, udakampi nassati, evameva bhāvanāmayiddhiyā ekavāraṃ parūpaghātakammaṃ hoti. Tato paṭṭhāya pana sā nassatīti. Atha naṃ ‘bhāvanāmayiddhiyā neva ekavāraṃ na dve vāre parūpaghātakammaṃ hotī’ti vatvā taṃ saññattiṃ āgacchantaṃ pucchiṃsu – ‘bhāvanāmayiddhi kiṃ kusalā, akusalā, abyākatā? Sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, dukkhāya vedanāya sampayuttā, adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā? Savitakkasavicārā, avitakkavicāramattā, avitakkaavicārā? Kāmāvacarā, rūpāvacarā, arūpāvacarā’ti?</p>
    1080. 

  1080. <p class="bodytext">Imaṃ pana pañhaṃ yo jānāti so evaṃ vakkhati – ‘bhāvanāmayiddhi kusalā vā hoti, abyākatā vā; adukkhamasukhavedanīyā eva, avitakkaavicārā eva, rūpāvacarā evā’ti. So vattabbo – ‘pāṇātipātacetanā kusalādīsu kataraṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ bhajatī’ti? Jānanto vakkhati – ‘pāṇātipātacetanā akusalā eva, dukkhavedanīyā eva, savitakkasavicārā eva kāmāvacarā evā’ti. ‘Evaṃ sante tava pañho neva kusalattikena sameti, na vedanāttikena<a name="P0.0092"></a>, na vitakkattikena, na bhūmantarenā’ti.</p>
    1081. 

  1081. <p class="bodytext">‘Kiṃ pana evaṃ mahantaṃ suttaṃ niratthaka’nti? ‘No niratthakaṃ; tvaṃ panassa atthaṃ na jānāsi. <span class="bld">‘‘Iddhimā cetovasippatto’’</span>ti ettha hi neva bhāvanāmayiddhi adhippetā, āthabbaṇiddhi pana adhippetā. Sā hi ettha labbhamānā labbhati. Sā pana kāyavacīdvārāni muñcitvā kātuṃ na sakkā. Āthabbaṇiddhikā hi sattāhaṃ aloṇakaṃ bhuñjitvā dabbe attharitvā pathaviyaṃ sayamānā tapaṃ caritvā sattame divase susānabhūmiṃ sajjetvā sattame pade ṭhatvā hatthaṃ vaṭṭetvā vaṭṭetvā mukhena vijjaṃ parijappanti. Atha nesaṃ kammaṃ samijjhati. Evaṃ ayampi iddhi kāyavacīdvārāni muñcitvā kātuṃ na sakkāti. ‘Na kāyakammaṃ manodvāre samuṭṭhātī’ti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
    1082. 

  1082. <p class="bodytext">Hatthamuddāya <a name="M0.0135"></a> pana musāvādādīni kathentassa kammaṃ vacīkammaṃ, dvāraṃ pana kāyadvāraṃ hoti<a name="V0.0138"></a>. Evaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammampi kāyadvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi pana cittehi sahajātā abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiyo cetanāpakkhikā vā bhavanti, abbohārikā vā. Vacībhedaṃ pana katvā musāvādādīni kathentassa kammampi vacīkammaṃ dvārampi vacīdvārameva. Evaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ vacīdvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi pana cittehi sahajātā abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhiyo cetanāpakkhikā vā bhavanti abbohārikā vā. Ettakā ācariyānaṃ samānatthakathā nāma.</p>
    1083. 

  1083. <p class="bodytext">Vitaṇḍavādī panāha – ‘akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ manodvārepi samuṭṭhātī’ti. So ‘tayo saṅgahe āruḷhaṃ suttaṃ āharāhī’ti vutto idaṃ uposathakkhandhakato suttaṃ āhari –</p>
    1084. 

  1084. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yo pana bhikkhu yāvatatiyaṃ anussāviyamāne saramāno santiṃ āpattiṃ nāvikareyya sampajānamusāvādassa hotī’’ti (mahāva. 134).</p>
    1085. 

  1085. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ suttaṃ āharitvā āha – ‘evaṃ āpattiṃ anāvikaronto tuṇhībhūtova aññaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjati, ettha kuto kāyaṅgacopanaṃ vā vācaṅgacopanaṃ vā? Manodvārasmiṃyeva pana idaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ samuṭṭhātī’ti.</p>
    1086. 

  1086. <p class="bodytext">So vattabbo – ‘kiṃ panetaṃ suttaṃ neyyatthaṃ udāhu nītattha’nti? ‘Nītatthameva mayhaṃ sutta’nti. So ‘mā evaṃ avaca, tulayissāmassa attha’nti vatvā evaṃ pucchitabbo – ‘sampajānamusāvāde kiṃ hotī’ti? Jānanto ‘sampajānamusāvāde dukkaṭaṃ hotī’ti vakkhati. Tato vattabbo ‘vinayassa dve <a name="P0.0093"></a> mūlāni – kāyo ca vācā ca; sammāsambuddhena hi sabbāpattiyo imesuyeva dvīsu dvāresu paññattā, manodvāre āpattipaññapanaṃ nāma natthi. Tvaṃ ativiya vinaye pakataññū, yo satthārā apaññatte ṭhāne āpattiṃ paññapesi, sammāsambuddhaṃ abbhācikkhasi, jinacakkaṃ paharasī’tiādivacanehi niggaṇhitvā uttari pañhaṃ pucchitabbo – ‘sampajānamusāvādo kiriyato samuṭṭhāti udāhu akiriyato’ti? Jānanto ‘kiriyato’ti vakkhati. Tato vattabbo – ‘anāvikaronto kataraṃ kiriyaṃ karotī’ti? Addhā hi kiriyaṃ apassanto vighātaṃ āpajjissati. Tato imassa suttassa <a name="M0.0136"></a> atthena saññāpetabbo. Ayañhettha attho – yvāyaṃ ‘sampajānamusāvādo hotī’ti vutto, so āpattito kiṃ hoti? ‘Katarāpatti hotī’ti <a name="V0.0139"></a> attho. ‘Dukkaṭāpatti hoti’. Sā ca kho na musāvādalakkhaṇena, bhagavato pana vacanena vacīdvāre akiriyasamuṭṭhānā āpatti hotīti veditabbā. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
    1087. 

  1087. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Anālapanto manujena kenaci,</p>
    1088. 

  1088. <p class="gatha2">Vācāgiraṃ no ca pare bhaṇeyya;</p>
    1089. 

  1089. <p class="gatha3">Āpajjeyya vācasikaṃ na kāyikaṃ,</p>
    1090. 

  1090. <p class="gathalast">Pañhā mesā kusalehi cintitā’’ti. (paṭi. 479);</p>
    1091. 

  1091. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ na manodvāre samuṭṭhātīti niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ.</p>
    1092. 

  1092. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana abhijjhāsahagatena cetasā kāyaṅgaṃ copento hatthaggāhādīni karoti, byāpādasahagatena cetasā daṇḍaparāmāsādīni, micchādiṭṭhisahagatena cetasā ‘khandasivādayo seṭṭhā’ti tesaṃ abhivādanaañjalikammabhūtapīṭhakaparibhaṇḍādīni karoti, tadā kammaṃ manokammaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pana kāyadvāraṃ. Evaṃ akusalaṃ manokammaṃ kāyadvāre samuṭṭhāti. Cetanā panettha abbohārikā.</p>
    1093. 

  1093. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana abhijjhāsahagatena cetasā vācaṅgaṃ copento ‘aho vata yaṃ parassa, taṃ mamassā’ti paravittūpakaraṇaṃ abhijjhāyati, byāpādasahagatena cetasā ‘ime sattā haññantu vā, bajjhantu vā, ucchijjantu vā, mā vā ahesu’nti vadati, micchādiṭṭhisahagatena cetasā ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭha’ntiādīni vadati, tadā kammaṃ manokammaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pana vacīdvāraṃ. Evaṃ akusalaṃ manokammaṃ vacīdvāre samuṭṭhāti. Cetanā panettha abbohārikā.</p>
    1094. 

  1094. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā raho nisinno abhijjhābyāpādamicchādiṭṭhisahagatāni <a name="P0.0094"></a> cittāni uppādeti, tadā kammaṃ manokammaṃ, dvārampi manodvārameva. Evaṃ akusalaṃ manokammaṃ manodvāre samuṭṭhāti. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne cetanāpi cetanāsampayuttakā dhammāpi manodvāreyeva samuṭṭhahanti. Evaṃ akusalaṃ manokammaṃ tīsupi dvāresu samuṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1095. 

  1095. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M0.0137"></a> pana vuttaṃ ‘tathā kusalāni kāyavacīmanokammānī’ti, tatrāyaṃ nayo – yadā hi kenaci <a name="V0.0140"></a> kāraṇena vattuṃ asakkonto ‘pāṇātipātā adinnādānā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviramāmī’ti imāni sikkhāpadāni hatthamuddāya gaṇhāti, tadā kammaṃ kāyakammaṃ dvārampi kāyadvārameva. Evaṃ kusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ kāyadvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi cittehi sahagatā anabhijjhādayo cetanāpakkhikā vā honti, abbohārikā vā.</p>
    1096. 

  1096. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana tāneva sikkhāpadāni vacībhedaṃ katvā gaṇhāti, tadā kammaṃ kāyakammaṃ, dvāraṃ pana vacīdvāraṃ hoti. Evaṃ kusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīdvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi cittehi sahagatā anabhijjhādayo cetanāpakkhikā vā honti, abbohārikā vā.</p>
    1097. 

  1097. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana tesu sikkhāpadesu diyyamānesu kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni acopetvā manasāva ‘pāṇātipātā adinnādānā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviramāmī’ti gaṇhāti, tadā kammaṃ kāyakammaṃ, dvāraṃ pana manodvāraṃ hoti. Evaṃ kusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ manodvāre samuṭṭhāti. Tehi cittehi sahagatā anabhijjhādayo cetanāpakkhikā vā honti, abbohārikā vā.</p>
    1098. 

  1098. <p class="bodytext">‘Musāvādā veramaṇī’ādīni pana cattāri sikkhāpadāni vuttanayeneva kāyādīhi gaṇhantassa kusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ tīsu dvāresu samuṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Idhāpi anabhijjhādayo cetanāpakkhikā vā honti, abbohārikā vā.</p>
    1099. 

  1099. <p class="bodytext">Anabhijjhādisahagatehi pana cittehi kāyaṅgaṃ copetvā cetiyaṅgaṇasammajjanagandhamālādipūjanacetiyavandanādīni karontassa kammaṃ manokammaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pana kāyadvāraṃ. Evaṃ kusalaṃ manokammaṃ kāyadvāre samuṭṭhāti. Cetanā panettha abbohārikā. Anabhijjhāsahagatena cittena vācaṅgaṃ copetvā ‘aho vata yaṃ parassa vittūpakaraṇaṃ na taṃ mamassā’ti anabhijjhāyato abyāpādasahagatena cittena ‘sabbe sattā <a name="P0.0095"></a> averā abyābajjhā anīghā sukhī attānaṃ pariharantū’ti vadantassa sammādiṭṭhisahagatena cittena ‘atthi dinna’ntiādīni udāharantassa kammaṃ manokammaṃ hoti, dvāraṃ pana vacīdvāraṃ. Evaṃ kusalaṃ manokammaṃ vacīdvāre samuṭṭhāti. Cetanā <a name="M0.0138"></a> panettha abbohārikā. Kāyaṅgavācaṅgāni pana acopetvā raho nisinnassa manasāva anabhijjhādisahagatāni cittāni uppādentassa kammaṃ manokammaṃ, dvārampi manodvārameva. Evaṃ kusalaṃ <a name="V0.0141"></a> manokammaṃ manodvāre samuṭṭhāti. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne cetanāpi cetanāsampayuttakā dhammāpi manodvāreyeva samuṭṭhahanti.</p>
    1100. 

  1100. <p class="bodytext">Tattha āṇattisamuṭṭhitesu pāṇātipātaadinnādānesu kammampi kāyakammaṃ dvārampi kammavaseneva kāyadvāranti vadanto kammaṃ rakkhati, dvāraṃ bhindati nāma. Hatthamuddāya samuṭṭhitesu musāvādādīsu dvārampi kāyadvāraṃ, kammampi dvāravaseneva kāyakammanti vadanto dvāraṃ rakkhati kammaṃ bhindati nāma. Tasmā ‘kammaṃ rakkhāmī’ti dvāraṃ na bhinditabbaṃ, ‘dvāraṃ rakkhāmī’ti kammaṃ na bhinditabbaṃ. Yathāvutteneva pana nayena kammañca dvārañca veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ kathento hi neva kammaṃ na dvāraṃ bhindatīti.</p>
    1101. 

  1101. <p class="centered">Kammakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1102. 

  1102. <p class="bodytext">Idāni ‘pañca viññāṇāni pañcaviññāṇadvārānī’tiādīsu cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sotaviññāṇaṃ ghānaviññāṇaṃ jivhāviññāṇaṃ kāyaviññāṇanti imāni pañca viññāṇāni nāma. Cakkhuviññāṇadvāraṃ sota… ghāna… jivhā… kāyaviññāṇadvāranti imāni pañca viññāṇadvārāni nāma. Imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dvārānaṃ vasena uppannā cetanā neva kāyakammaṃ hoti, na vacīkammaṃ, manokammameva hotīti veditabbā. Cakkhusamphasso sota… ghāna… jivhā… kāya… manosamphassoti ime pana cha samphassā nāma. Cakkhusamphassadvāraṃ sota… ghāna… jivhā… kāya… manosamphassadvāranti imāni cha samphassadvārāni nāma.</p>
    1103. 

  1103. <p class="bodytext">Cakkhuasaṃvaro sota… ghāna… jivhā… pasādakāya… copanakāyaasaṃvaro vācāasaṃvaro manoasaṃvaroti – ime aṭṭha asaṃvarā nāma. Te atthato ‘dussīlyaṃ muṭṭhassaccaṃ aññāṇaṃ akkhanti kosajja’nti ime pañca dhammā honti. Tesu ekadhammopi pañcadvāre <a name="P0.0096"></a> voṭṭhabbanapariyosānesu cittesu nuppajjati, javanakkhaṇeyeva uppajjati. Javane uppannopi pañcadvāre asaṃvaroti vuccati.</p>
    1104. 

  1104. <p class="bodytext">Cakkhuviññāṇasahajāto hi phasso cakkhusamphasso nāma, cetanā manokammaṃ nāma, taṃ cittaṃ manokammadvāraṃ nāma. Ettha pañcavidho asaṃvaro natthi<a name="M0.0139"></a>. Sampaṭicchanasahajāto phasso manosamphasso <a name="V0.0142"></a> nāma, cetanā manokammaṃ nāma, taṃ cittaṃ manokammadvāraṃ nāma. Etthāpi asaṃvaro natthi. Santīraṇavoṭṭhabbanesupi eseva nayo. Javanasahajāto pana phasso manosamphasso nāma, cetanā manokammaṃ nāma, taṃ cittaṃ manokammadvāraṃ nāma. Ettha asaṃvaro cakkhuasaṃvaro nāma hoti. Sotaghānajivhāpasādakāyadvāresupi eseva nayo. Yadā pana rūpādīsu aññatarārammaṇaṃ manodvārikajavanaṃ vinā vacīdvārena suddhaṃ kāyadvārasaṅkhātaṃ copanaṃ pāpayamānaṃ uppajjati, tadā tena cittena sahajāto phasso manosamphasso nāma, cetanā kāyakammaṃ nāma, taṃ pana cittaṃ abbohārikaṃ, copanassa uppannattā manodvāranti saṅkhyaṃ na gacchati. Ettha asaṃvaro copanakāyaasaṃvaro nāma. Yadā tādisaṃyeva javanaṃ vinā kāyadvārena suddhaṃ vacīdvārasaṅkhātaṃ copanaṃ pāpayamānaṃ uppajjati, tadā tena cittena sahajāto phasso manosamphasso nāma, cetanā vacīkammaṃ nāma, taṃ pana cittaṃ abbohārikaṃ, copanassa uppannattā manodvāranti saṅkhyaṃ na gacchati. Ettha asaṃvaro vācāasaṃvaro nāma. Yadā pana tādisaṃ javanacittaṃ vinā kāyavacīdvārehi suddhaṃ manodvārameva hutvā uppajjati, tadā tena cittena sahajāto phasso manosamphasso nāma, cetanā manokammaṃ nāma, taṃ pana cittaṃ manokammadvāraṃ nāma. Ettha asaṃvaro manoasaṃvaro nāma. Iti imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ asaṃvarānaṃ vasena cakkhuasaṃvaradvāraṃ, sota… ghāna… jivhā… pasādakāya… copanakāya… vācā… manoasaṃvaradvāranti imāni aṭṭha asaṃvaradvārāni veditabbāni.</p>
    1105. 

  1105. <p class="bodytext">Cakkhusaṃvaro sota… ghāna… jivhā… pasādakāya… copanakāya… vācā… manosaṃvaroti ime pana aṭṭha saṃvarā nāma. Te atthato ‘sīlaṃ sati ñāṇaṃ khanti vīriya’nti ime pañca <a name="P0.0097"></a> dhammā honti. Tesupi ekadhammopi pañcadvāre voṭṭhabbanapariyosānesu cittesu nuppajjati. Javanakkhaṇeyeva uppajjati. Javane uppannopi pañcadvāre saṃvaroti vuccati. Tassa sabbassāpi cakkhuviññāṇasahajāto hi phasso cakkhusamphassotiādinā asaṃvare vuttanayeneva uppatti veditabbā. Iti imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ saṃvarānaṃ vasena cakkhusaṃvaradvāraṃ…pe… manosaṃvaradvāranti imāni aṭṭha saṃvaradvārāni veditabbāni.</p>
    1106. 

  1106. <p class="subhead">Akusalakammapathakathā</p>
    1107. 

  1107. <p class="bodytext">Pāṇātipāto<a name="M0.0140"></a><a name="V0.0143"></a>, adinnādānaṃ, kāmesumicchācāro, musāvādo, pisuṇavācā, pharusavācā, samphappalāpo, abhijjhā, byāpādo, micchādiṭṭhīti ime pana dasa akusalakammapathā nāma.</p>
    1108. 

  1108. <p class="bodytext">Tattha pāṇassa atipāto <span class="bld">pāṇātipāto</span> nāma; pāṇavadho, pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. Pāṇoti cettha vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana pāṇe pāṇasaññino jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā vadhakacetanā pāṇātipāto. So guṇavirahitesu tiracchānagatādīsu pāṇesu khuddake pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāsarīre mahāsāvajjo. Kasmā? Payogamahantatāya. Payogasamattepi vatthumahantatāya. Guṇavantesu manussādīsu appaguṇe appasāvajjo, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjo. Sarīraguṇānaṃ pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjo, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjoti veditabbo.</p>
    1109. 

  1109. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pañca sambhārā honti – pāṇo, pāṇasaññitā, vadhakacittaṃ, upakkamo, tena maraṇanti. Cha payogā – sāhatthiko, āṇattiko, nissaggiyo, thāvaro, vijjāmayo, iddhimayoti. Imasmiṃ panatthe vitthāriyamāne atipapañco hoti. Tasmā taṃ na vitthārayāma. Aññañca evarūpaṃ atthikehi pana samantapāsādikaṃ <span class="bld">vinayaṭṭhakathaṃ</span> (pārā. aṭṭha. 2.172) oloketvā gahetabbaṃ.</p>
    1110. 

  1110. <p class="bodytext">Adinnassa ādānaṃ <span class="bld">‘adinnādānaṃ’;</span> parassaharaṇaṃ, theyyaṃ, corikāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha adinnanti parapariggahitaṃ, yattha paro yathākāmakāritaṃ āpajjanto adaṇḍāraho anupavajjo ca hoti. Tasmiṃ parapariggahite parapariggahitasaññino <a name="P0.0098"></a> tadādāyakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā theyyacetanā adinnādānaṃ. Taṃ hīne parasantake appasāvajjaṃ, paṇīte mahāsāvajjaṃ. Kasmā? Vatthupaṇītatāya. Vatthusamatte sati guṇādhikānaṃ santake vatthusmiṃ mahāsāvajjaṃ. Taṃtaṃguṇādhikaṃ upādāya tato tato hīnaguṇassa santake vatthusmiṃ appasāvajjaṃ.</p>
    1111. 

  1111. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="M0.0141"></a> pañca sambhārā honti – parapariggahitaṃ, parapariggahitasaññitā, theyyacittaṃ, upakkamo<a name="V0.0144"></a>, tena haraṇanti. Cha payogā – sāhatthikādayova. Te ca kho yathānurūpaṃ theyyāvahāro, pasayhāvahāro, paṭicchannāvahāro, parikappāvahāro, kusāvahāroti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ avahārānaṃ vasena pavattanti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana samantapāsādikāyaṃ (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.138) vutto.</p>
    1112. 

  1112. <p class="bodytext">‘Kāmesu micchācāro’ti ettha pana <span class="bld">‘kāmesū’</span>ti methunasamācāresu; <span class="bld">‘micchācāro’</span>ti ekantanindito lāmakācāro. Lakkhaṇato pana asaddhammādhippāyena kāyadvārappavattā agamanīyaṭṭhānavītikkamacetanā <span class="bld">kāmesumicchācāro</span>.</p>
    1113. 

  1113. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma – purisānaṃ tāva māturakkhitā, piturakkhitā, mātāpiturakkhitā, bhāturakkhitā, bhaginirakkhitā, ñātirakkhitā, gottarakkhitā, dhammarakkhitā, sārakkhā, saparidaṇḍāti māturakkhitādayo dasa; dhanakkītā, chandavāsinī, bhogavāsinī, paṭavāsinī, odapattakinī, obhaṭacumbaṭā, dāsī ca bhariyā, kammakārī ca bhariyā, dhajāhaṭā, muhuttikāti etā dhanakkītādayo dasāti vīsati itthiyo. Itthīsu pana dvinnaṃ sārakkhasaparidaṇḍānaṃ, dasannañca dhanakkītādīnanti dvādasannaṃ itthīnaṃ aññe purisā idaṃ agamanīyaṭṭhānaṃ nāma.</p>
    1114. 

  1114. <p class="bodytext">So panesa micchācāro sīlādiguṇarahite agamanīyaṭṭhāne appasāvajjo, sīlādiguṇasampanne mahāsāvajjo. Tassa cattāro sambhārā – agamanīyavatthu, tasmiṃ sevanacittaṃ, sevanappayogo, maggenamaggappaṭipattiadhivāsananti. Eko payogo sāhatthiko eva.</p>
    1115. 

  1115. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Musā’</span>ti visaṃvādanapurekkhārassa atthabhañjako vacīpayogo, kāyapayogo vā. Visaṃvādanādhippāyena panassa paravisaṃvādakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <a name="P0.0099"></a> <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">‘musā’</span>ti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ vatthu. <span class="bld">‘Vādo’</span>ti tassa bhūtato tacchato viññāpanaṃ. Lakkhaṇato pana atathaṃ vatthuṃ tathato paraṃ viññāpetukāmassa tathāviññattisamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā <span class="bld">musāvādo</span>. So yamatthaṃ bhañjati tassa appatāya appasāvajjo, mahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Apica gahaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="M0.0142"></a> attano santakaṃ adātukāmatāya ‘natthī’tiādinayappavatto appasāvajjo. Sakkhinā hutvā atthabhañjanatthaṃ vutto mahāsāvajjo. Pabbajitānaṃ appakampi telaṃ vā sappiṃ vā <a name="V0.0145"></a> labhitvā hasādhippāyena ‘ajja gāme telaṃ nadī maññe sandatī’ti pūraṇakathānayena pavatto appasāvajjo. Adiṭṭhaṃyeva pana diṭṭhantiādinā nayena vadantānaṃ mahāsāvajjo.</p>
    1116. 

  1116. <p class="bodytext">Tassa cattāro sambhārā honti – atathaṃ vatthu, visaṃvādanacittaṃ, tajjo vāyāmo, parassa tadatthavijānananti. Eko payogo – sāhatthikova. So ca kāyena vā kāyappaṭibaddhena vā vācāya vā paravisaṃvādakakiriyākaraṇe daṭṭhabbo. Tāya ce kiriyāya paro tamatthaṃ jānāti, ayaṃ kiriyasamuṭṭhāpikacetanākkhaṇeyeva musāvādakammunā bajjhati. Yasmā pana yathā kāyakāyappaṭibaddhavācāhi paraṃ visaṃvādeti, tathā imassa ‘imaṃ bhaṇāhī’ti āṇāpentopi, paṇṇaṃ likhitvā purato nissajjantopi, ‘ayamattho evaṃ daṭṭhabbo’ti kuṭṭādīsu likhitvā ṭhapentopi; tasmā ettha āṇattikanissaggiyathāvarāpi payogā yujjanti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāsu</span> pana anāgatattā vīmaṃsitvā gahetabbā.</p>
    1117. 

  1117. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Pisuṇavācā’</span>tiādīsu yāya vācāya yassa taṃ vācaṃ bhāsati tassa hadaye attano piyabhāvaṃ parassa ca suññabhāvaṃ karoti, sā <span class="bld">pisuṇavācā</span>. Yāya pana attānampi parampi pharusaṃ karoti, yā vācā sayampi pharusā neva kaṇṇasukhā, na hadayaṅgamā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">‘pharusavācā’</span>. Yena samphaṃ palapati, niratthakaṃ, so <span class="bld">‘samphappalāpo’</span>. Tesaṃ mūlabhūtā cetanāpi pisuṇavācādināmameva labhati. Sā eva ca idha adhippetāti.</p>
    1118. 

  1118. <p class="bodytext">Tattha saṃkiliṭṭhacittassa paresaṃ vā bhedāya attano piyakamyatāya vā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā cetanā pisuṇavācā nāma. Sā yassa <a name="P0.0100"></a> bhedaṃ karoti tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā.</p>
    1119. 

  1119. <p class="bodytext">Tassā cattāro sambhārā – ‘bhinditabbo paro’ iti ‘ime nānā bhavissa’nti vinā bhavissantīti bhedapurekkhāratā vā, ‘iti ahaṃ piyo bhavissāmi vissāsiko’ti piyakamyatā vā, tajjo vāyāmo, tassa tadatthavijānananti<a name="M0.0143"></a>. Pare pana abhinne kammapathabhedo natthi, bhinne eva hoti.</p>
    1120. 

  1120. <p class="bodytext">Parassa mammacchedakakāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā ekantapharusacetanā ‘pharusavācā’. Tassā āvibhāvatthamidaṃ <a name="V0.0146"></a> vatthu – eko kira dārako mātu vacanaṃ anādiyitvā araññaṃ gacchati. Taṃ mātā nivattetuṃ asakkontī ‘caṇḍā taṃ mahiṃsī anubandhatū’ti akkosi. Athassa tatheva araññe mahiṃsī uṭṭhāsi. Dārako ‘yaṃ mama mātā mukhena kathesi taṃ mā hotu, yaṃ cittena cintesi taṃ hotū’ti saccakiriyaṃ akāsi. Mahiṃsī tattheva baddhā viya aṭṭhāsi. Evaṃ mammacchedakopi payogo cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti. Mātāpitaro hi kadāci puttake evampi vadanti – ‘corā vo khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ karontū’ti, uppalapattampi ca nesaṃ upari patantaṃ na icchanti. Ācariyupajjhāyā ca kadāci nissitake evaṃ vadanti – ‘kiṃ ime ahirikā anottappino caranti, niddhamatha ne’ti; atha ca nesaṃ āgamādhigamasampattiṃ icchanti. Yathā ca cittasaṇhatāya pharusavācā na hoti, evaṃ vacanasaṇhatāya apharusavācāpi na hoti. Na hi mārāpetukāmassa ‘imaṃ sukhaṃ sayāpethā’ti vacanaṃ apharusavācā hoti. Cittapharusatāya panesā pharusavācāva. Sā yaṃ sandhāya pavattitā tassa appaguṇatāya appasāvajjā, mahāguṇatāya mahāsāvajjā. Tassā tayo sambhārā – akkositabbo paro, kupitacittaṃ, akkosananti.</p>
    1121. 

  1121. <p class="bodytext">Anatthaviññāpikā kāyavacīpayogasamuṭṭhāpikā akusalacetanā <span class="bld">‘samphappalāpo’</span>. So āsevanamandatāya appasāvajjo. Āsevanamahantatāya mahāsāvajjo. Tassa dve sambhārā – bhāratayuddhasītāharaṇādiniratthakakathāpurekkhāratā, tathārūpīkathākathanañcāti. Pare pana taṃ <a name="P0.0101"></a> kathaṃ agaṇhante kammapathabhedo natthi, parena samphappalāpe gahiteyeva hoti.</p>
    1122. 

  1122. <p class="bodytext">Abhijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">‘abhijjhā’</span>. Parabhaṇḍābhimukhī hutvā tanninnatāya pavattatīti attho. Sā ‘aho tava idaṃ mamassā’ti evaṃ parabhaṇḍābhijjhāyanalakkhaṇā. Adinnādānaṃ viya appasāvajjā mahāsāvajjā ca. Tassā <a name="M0.0144"></a> dve sambhārā – parabhaṇḍaṃ, attano pariṇāmanañcāti. Parabhaṇḍavatthuke hi lobhe uppannepi na tāva kammapathabhedo hoti yāva na ‘aho vata idaṃ mamassā’ti attano pariṇāmeti.</p>
    1123. 

  1123. <p class="bodytext">Hitasukhaṃ byāpādayatīti <span class="bld">‘byāpādo’</span>. So paravināsāya manopadosalakkhaṇo. Pharusavācā viya appasāvajjo mahāsāvajjo ca. Tassa dve sambhārā – parasatto ca, tassa ca <a name="V0.0147"></a> vināsacintāti. Parasattavatthuke hi kodhe uppannepi na tāva kammapathabhedo hoti yāva ‘aho vatāyaṃ ucchijjeyya vinasseyyā’ti tassa vināsanaṃ na cintesi.</p>
    1124. 

  1124. <p class="bodytext">Yathābhuccagahaṇābhāvena micchā passatīti ‘micchādiṭṭhi’. Sā ‘natthi dinna’ntiādinā nayena viparītadassanalakkhaṇā. Samphappalāpo viya appasāvajjā mahāsāvajjā ca. Apica aniyatā appasāvajjā, niyatā mahāsāvajjā. Tassā dve sambhārā – vatthuno ca gahitākāraviparītatā, yathā ca taṃ gaṇhāti tathābhāvena tassupaṭṭhānanti. Tattha natthikāhetukaakiriyadiṭṭhīhi eva kammapathabhedo hoti, na aññadiṭṭhīhi.</p>
    1125. 

  1125. <p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana dasannaṃ akusalakammapathānaṃ dhammato koṭṭhāsato ārammaṇato vedanāto mūlato cāti pañcahākārehi vinicchayo veditabbo –</p>
    1126. 

  1126. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘dhammato’</span>ti etesu hi paṭipāṭiyā satta cetanādhammāva honti, abhijjhādayo tayo cetanāsampayuttā.</p>
    1127. 

  1127. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Koṭṭhāsato’</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta, micchādiṭṭhi cāti ime aṭṭha kammapathā eva honti; no mūlāni. Abhijjhābyāpādā kammapathā ceva mūlāni ca. Abhijjhā hi mūlaṃ patvā ‘lobho akusalamūlaṃ’ hoti, byāpādo ‘doso akusalamūlaṃ’.</p>
    1128. 

  1128. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Ārammaṇato’</span>ti pāṇātipāto jīvitindriyārammaṇato saṅkhārārammaṇo hoti. Adinnādānaṃ sattārammaṇaṃ vā hoti saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ vā. Micchācāro phoṭṭhabbavasena saṅkhārārammaṇo hoti; sattārammaṇotipi eke. Musāvādo sattārammaṇo vā, saṅkhārārammaṇo vā. Tathā pisuṇavācā. Pharusavācā <a name="P0.0102"></a> sattārammaṇāva. Samphappalāpo diṭṭhasutamutaviññātavasena sattārammaṇo vā saṅkhārārammaṇo vā. Tathā abhijjhā. Byāpādo sattārammaṇova. Micchādiṭṭhi tebhūmakadhammavasena saṅkhārārammaṇāva.</p>
    1129. 

  1129. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Vedanāto’</span>ti <a name="M0.0145"></a> pāṇātipāto dukkhavedano hoti. Kiñcāpi hi rājāno coraṃ disvā hasamānāpi ‘gacchatha naṃ ghātethā’ti vadanti, sanniṭṭhāpakacetanā pana nesaṃ dukkhasampayuttāva hoti<a name="V0.0148"></a>. Adinnādānaṃ tivedanaṃ. Tañhi parabhaṇḍaṃ disvā haṭṭhatuṭṭhassa gaṇhato sukhavedanaṃ hoti, bhītatasitassa gaṇhato dukkhavedanaṃ. Tathā vipākanissandaphalāni paccavekkhantassa. Gahaṇakāle majjhattabhāve ṭhitassa pana gaṇhato adukkhamasukhavedanaṃ hotīti. Micchācāro sukhamajjhattavasena dvivedano. Sanniṭṭhāpakacitte pana majjhattavedano na hoti. Musāvādo adinnādāne vuttanayeneva tivedano; tathā pisuṇavācā. Pharusavācā dukkhavedanā. Samphappalāpo tivedano. Paresu hi sādhukāraṃ dentesu celukkhepādīni khipantesu haṭṭhatuṭṭhassa sītāharaṇabhāratayuddhādīni kathanakāle so sukhavedano hoti. Paṭhamaṃ dinnavetanena ekena pacchā āgantvā ‘ādito paṭṭhāya kathehī’ti vutte ‘ananusandhikaṃ pakiṇṇakakathaṃ kathessāmi nu kho no’ti domanassitassa kathanakāle dukkhavedano hoti, majjhattassa kathayato adukkhamasukhavedano hoti. Abhijjhā sukhamajjhattavasena dvivedanā; tathā micchādiṭṭhi. Byāpādo dukkhavedano.</p>
    1130. 

  1130. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mūlato’</span>ti pāṇātipāto dosamohavasena dvimūlako hoti. Adinnādānaṃ dosamohavasena vā lobhamohavasena vā. Micchācāro lobhamohavasena. Musāvādo dosamohavasena vā lobhamohavasena vā; tathā pisuṇavācā samphappalāpo ca. Pharusavācā dosamohavasena. Abhijjhā mohavasena ekamūlā; tathā byāpādo. Micchādiṭṭhi lobhamohavasena dvimūlāti.</p>
    1131. 

  1131. <p class="centered">Akusalakammapathakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1132. 

  1132. <p class="subhead">Kusalakammapathakathā</p>
    1133. 

  1133. <p class="bodytext">Pāṇātipātādīhi pana viratiyo anabhijjhāabyāpādasammādiṭṭhiyo cāti ime dasa kusalakammapathā nāma. Tattha pāṇātipātādayo vuttatthā eva. Pāṇātipātādīhi etāya viramanti, sayaṃ vā viramati, viramaṇamattameva <a name="M0.0146"></a> vā etanti <span class="bld">virati</span>. Yā pāṇātipātā viramantassa ‘‘yā tasmiṃ samaye pāṇātipātā ārati viratī’’ti (dha. sa. 299-301) evaṃ vuttā kusalacittasampayuttā virati, sā pabhedato <a name="P0.0103"></a> tividhā hoti – sampattavirati, samādānavirati, samucchedaviratīti.</p>
    1134. 

  1134. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0149"></a> asamādinnasikkhāpadānaṃ attano jātivayabāhusaccādīni paccavekkhitvā ‘ayuttaṃ amhākaṃ evarūpaṃ pāpaṃ kātu’nti sampattaṃ vatthuṃ avītikkamantānaṃ uppajjamānā virati <span class="bld">‘sampattaviratī’</span>ti veditabbā – sīhaḷadīpe <span class="bld">cakkanaupāsakassa</span> viya. Tassa kira daharakāleyeva mātuyā rogo uppajji. Vejjena ca ‘allasasamaṃsaṃ laddhuṃ vaṭṭatī’ti vuttaṃ. Tato cakkanassa bhātā ‘gaccha, tāta, khettaṃ āhiṇḍāhī’ti cakkanaṃ pesesi. So tattha gato. Tasmiñca samaye eko saso taruṇasassaṃ khādituṃ āgato hoti. So taṃ disvāva vegena dhāvanto valliyā baddho ‘kiri kirī’ti saddamakāsi. Cakkano tena saddena gantvā taṃ gahetvā cintesi – ‘mātu bhesajjaṃ karomī’ti. Puna cintesi – ‘na metaṃ patirūpaṃ yvāhaṃ mātu jīvitakāraṇā paraṃ jīvitā voropeyya’nti. Atha naṃ ‘gaccha, araññe sasehi saddhiṃ tiṇodakaṃ paribhuñjā’ti muñci. Bhātarā ca ‘kiṃ tāta saso laddho’ti pucchito taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhi. Tato naṃ bhātā paribhāsi. So mātusantikaṃ gantvā ‘yato ahaṃ jāto nābhijānāmi sañcicca pāṇaṃ jīvitā voropetā’ti saccaṃ vatvā aṭṭhāsi. Tāvadevassa mātā arogā ahosi.</p>
    1135. 

  1135. <p class="bodytext">Samādinnasikkhāpadānaṃ pana sikkhāpadasamādāne ca tatuttariñca attano jīvitampi pariccajitvā vatthuṃ avītikkamantānaṃ uppajjamānā virati <span class="bld">‘samādānaviratī’</span>ti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Uttaravaḍḍhamānapabbatavāsīupāsakassa</span> viya. So kira ambariyavihāravāsino <span class="bld">piṅgalabuddharakkhitattherassa</span> santike sikkhāpadāni gahetvā khettaṃ kasati. Athassa goṇo naṭṭho. So taṃ gavesanto uttaravaḍḍhamānapabbataṃ āruhi. Tatra naṃ mahāsappo aggahesi. So cintesi – ‘imāyassa tikhiṇavāsiyā sīsaṃ chindāmī’ti. Puna cintesi – ‘na metaṃ patirūpaṃ yvāhaṃ bhāvanīyassa garuno santike sikkhāpadāni gahetvā bhindeyya’nti evaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ cintetvā <a name="M0.0147"></a> ‘jīvitaṃ pariccajāmi, na sikkhāpada’nti aṃse ṭhapitaṃ tikhiṇadaṇḍavāsiṃ araññe chaḍḍesi. Tāvadeva naṃ mahāvāḷo muñcitvā agamāsīti.</p>
    1136. 

  1136. <p class="bodytext">Ariyamaggasampayuttā <a name="P0.0104"></a> pana virati <span class="bld">‘samucchedaviratī’</span>ti veditabbā, yassā uppattito pabhuti ‘pāṇaṃ ghātessāmī’ti ariyapuggalānaṃ cittampi nuppajjatīti.</p>
    1137. 

  1137. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V0.0150"></a> yathā akusalānaṃ evaṃ imesampi kusalakammapathānaṃ dhammato koṭṭhāsato ārammaṇato vedanāto mūlatoti pañcahākārehi vinicchayo veditabbo –</p>
    1138. 

  1138. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘dhammato’</span>ti etesu hi paṭipāṭiyā satta cetanāpi vaṭṭanti, viratiyopi; ante tayo cetanāsampayuttāva.</p>
    1139. 

  1139. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Koṭṭhāsato’</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta kammapathā eva, no mūlāni. Ante tayo kammapathā ceva mūlāni ca. Anabhijjhā hi mūlaṃ patvā ‘alobho kusalamūlaṃ’ hoti. Abyāpādo ‘adoso kusalamūlaṃ’, sammādiṭṭhi ‘amoho kusalamūlaṃ’.</p>
    1140. 

  1140. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Ārammaṇato’</span>ti pāṇātipātādīnaṃ ārammaṇāneva etesaṃ ārammaṇāni. Vītikkamitabbatoyeva hi veramaṇī nāma hoti. Yathā pana nibbānārammaṇo ariyamaggo kilese pajahati, evaṃ jīvitindriyādiārammaṇāpete kammapathā pāṇātipātādīni dussīlyāni pajahantīti veditabbā.</p>
    1141. 

  1141. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Vedanāto’</span>ti sabbe sukhavedanā vā honti majjhattavedanā vā. Kusalaṃ patvā hi dukkhavedanā nāma natthi.</p>
    1142. 

  1142. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mūlato’</span>ti paṭipāṭiyā satta kammapathā ñāṇasampayuttacittena viramantassa alobhaadosaamohavasena timūlā honti; ñāṇavippayuttacittena viramantassa dvimūlā. Anabhijjhā ñāṇasampayuttacittena viramantassa dvimūlā hoti; ñāṇavippayuttacittena ekamūlā. Alobho pana attanāva attano mūlaṃ na hoti. Abyāpādepi eseva nayo. Sammādiṭṭhi alobhādosavasena dvimūlāva hoti. Ime dasa kusalakammapathā nāma.</p>
    1143. 

  1143. <p class="subhead">Kammapathasaṃsandanakathā</p>
    1144. 

  1144. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0148"></a> imasmiṃ ṭhāne kammapathasaṃsandanaṃ nāma veditabbaṃ. Pañcaphassadvāravasena hi uppanno asaṃvaro akusalaṃ manokammameva hoti. Manophassadvāravasena uppanno tīṇipi kammāni <a name="V0.0151"></a> honti – so hi kāyadvāre copanappatto akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ hoti, vacīdvāre akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ, ubhayattha copanaṃ appatto akusalaṃ manokammaṃ. Pañcaasaṃvaradvāravasena uppannopi akusalaṃ manokammameva hoti. Copanakāyaasaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno akusalaṃ kāyakammameva hoti, vācāasaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno akusalaṃ vacīkammameva hoti, manoasaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno <a name="P0.0105"></a> akusalaṃ manokammameva hoti. Tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammameva hoti, catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammameva hoti, tividhaṃ manoduccaritaṃ akusalaṃ manokammameva hoti.</p>
    1145. 

  1145. <p class="bodytext">Pañcaphassadvāravasena uppanno saṃvaropi kusalaṃ manokammameva hoti. Manophassadvāravasena uppanno pana ayampi, asaṃvaro viya, tīṇipi kammāni honti. Pañcasaṃvaradvāravasena uppannopi kusalaṃ manokammameva hoti, copanakāyasaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno kusalaṃ kāyakammameva hoti, vācāsaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno kusalaṃ vacīkammameva hoti, manosaṃvaradvāravasena uppanno kusalaṃ manokammameva hoti. Tividhaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ kusalaṃ kāyakammameva hoti, catubbidhaṃ vacīsucaritaṃ kusalaṃ vacīkammameva hoti, tividhaṃ manosucaritaṃ kusalaṃ manokammameva hoti.</p>
    1146. 

  1146. <p class="bodytext">Akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ pañcaphassadvāravasena nuppajjati; manophassadvāravaseneva uppajjati. Tathā akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ. Akusalaṃ manokammaṃ pana chaphassadvāravasena uppajjati; taṃ kāyavacīdvāresu copanaṃ pattaṃ akusalaṃ kāyavacīkammaṃ hoti, copanaṃ appattaṃ akusalaṃ manokammameva. Yathā ca pañcaphassadvāravasena, evaṃ pañcaasaṃvaradvāravasenapi akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ nuppajjati, copanakāyaasaṃvaradvāravasena pana vācāasaṃvaradvāravasena ca uppajjati; manoasaṃvaradvāravasena nuppajjati. Akusalaṃ vacīkammampi pañcaasaṃvaradvāravasena nuppajjati, copanakāyavācāasaṃvaradvāravasena uppajjati; manoasaṃvaradvāravasena nuppajjati. Akusalaṃ manokammaṃ aṭṭhaasaṃvaradvāravasenapi uppajjateva. Kusalakāyakammādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1147. 

  1147. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <a name="M0.0149"></a> pana viseso – yathā akusalakāyakammavacīkammāni manoasaṃvaradvāravasena nuppajjanti, na tathā etāni. Etāni pana kāyaṅgavācaṅgaṃ acopetvā sikkhāpadāni gaṇhantassa manosaṃvaradvārepi uppajjanti eva. Tattha kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ tividhakammadvāravasena uppajjati, pañcaviññāṇadvāravasena nuppajjati; ‘yamidaṃ cakkhusamphassapaccayā <a name="V0.0152"></a> uppajjati vedayitaṃ, sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā’ti iminā pana nayena chaphassadvāravasena uppajjati; aṭṭhaasaṃvaradvāravasena nuppajjati, aṭṭhasaṃvaradvāravasena uppajjati; dasaakusalakammapathavasena <a name="P0.0106"></a> nuppajjati, dasakusalakammapathavasena uppajjati; tasmā idampi cittaṃ tividhakammadvāravasena vā uppannaṃ hotu, chaphassadvāravasena vā, aṭṭhasaṃvaradvāravasena vā dasakusalakammapathavasena vā. ‘‘Kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti…pe… rūpārammaṇaṃ vā…pe… dhammārammaṇaṃ vā’’ti vutte sabbaṃ vuttameva hotīti.</p>
    1148. 

  1148. <p class="centered">Dvārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1149. 

  1149. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbhā</span>ti ettha ayaṃ yojanā – heṭṭhā vuttesu rūpārammaṇādīsu rūpārammaṇaṃ vā ārabbha, ārammaṇaṃ katvāti attho. Saddārammaṇaṃ vā…pe… dhammārammaṇaṃ vā ārabbha uppannaṃ hoti. Ettāvatā etassa cittassa etesu ārammaṇesu yaṃkiñci ekameva ārammaṇaṃ anuññātasadisaṃ hoti. Idañca ekasmiṃ samaye ekassa vā puggalassa rūpārammaṇaṃ ārabbha uppannaṃ puna aññasmiṃ samaye aññassa vā puggalassa saddādīsupi aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ ārabbha uppajjati eva. Evaṃ uppajjamānassa cassa ekasmiṃ bhave paṭhamaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ ārabbha pavatti hoti, pacchā saddārammaṇanti ayampi kamo natthi. Rūpādīsu cāpi paṭhamaṃ nīlārammaṇaṃ pacchā pītārammaṇanti ayampi niyamo natthi. Iti imaṃ sabbārammaṇatañceva, kamābhāvañca, kamābhāvepi ca nīlapītādīsu niyamābhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbhā’ti āha. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – imesu rūpādīsu na yaṃkiñci ekameva, atha kho yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbha uppannaṃ hoti. Evaṃ uppajjamānampi ca ‘paṭhamaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ pacchā saddārammaṇaṃ ārabbhā’ti evampi anuppajjitvā yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbha uppannaṃ hoti; ‘paṭilomato vā anulomato vā, ekantarikadvantarikādinayena vā, rūpārammaṇādīsu yaṃ vā taṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannaṃ hotī’ti attho. Rūpārammaṇesupi ca ‘paṭhamaṃ <a name="M0.0150"></a> nīlārammaṇaṃ pacchā pītārammaṇa’nti imināpi niyamena anuppajjitvā, yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbha ‘nīlapītakādīsu rūpārammaṇesu yaṃ vā taṃ vā rūpārammaṇaṃ ārabbha uppannaṃ hotī’ti attho. Saddārammaṇādīsupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ tāva ekā yojanā.</p>
    1150. 

  1150. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana aparā – rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ etassāti rūpārammaṇaṃ…pe… dhammo ārammaṇaṃ etassāti <a name="V0.0153"></a> dhammārammaṇaṃ<a name="P0.0107"></a>. Iti rūpārammaṇaṃ vā…pe… dhammārammaṇaṃ vā cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotīti vatvā puna ‘yaṃ yaṃ vā panārabbhā’ti āha. Tassattho – etesu rūpādīsu heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva yaṃ vā taṃ vā pana ārabbha uppannaṃ hotīti. <span class="bld">Mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana yevāpanake abhinavaṃ natthi, heṭṭhā gahitameva gahita’nti vatvā ‘rūpaṃ vā ārabbha…pe… dhammaṃ vā ārabbha, idaṃ vā idaṃ vā ārabbhāti kathetuṃ idaṃ vutta’nti ettakameva āgataṃ.</p>
    1151. 

  1151. <p class="title">Dhammuddesavāro</p>
    1152. 

  1152. <p class="subhead">Phassapañcamakarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1153. 

  1153. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti idaṃ aniyamaniddiṭṭhassa samayassa niyamato paṭiniddesavacanaṃ. Tasmā ‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃyeva samaye phasso hoti…pe… avikkhepo hotī’ti ayamattho veditabbo. Tattha yatheva cittaṃ evaṃ phassādīsupi phasso hoti. Kiṃ hoti? ‘Kāmāvacaro hoti, kusalo hoti, uppanno hoti, somanassasahagato hotī’tiādinā nayena labbhamānapadavasena yojanā kātabbā. Vedanāyañhi ‘somanassasahagatā’ti paññindriye ca ‘ñāṇasampayutta’nti na labbhati, tasmā ‘labbhamānapadavasenā’ti vuttaṃ. Idaṃ aṭṭhakathāmuttakaṃ ācariyānaṃ mataṃ; na panetaṃ sārato daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1154. 

  1154. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha phassova paṭhamaṃ vuttoti? Cittassa paṭhamābhinipātattā. Ārammaṇasmiñhi cittassa paṭhamābhinipāto hutvā phasso ārammaṇaṃ phusamāno uppajjati, tasmā paṭhamaṃ vutto. Phassena pana phusitvā vedanāya vedayati, saññāya sañjānāti, cetanāya ceteti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘phuṭṭho, bhikkhave, vedeti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti phuṭṭho cetetī’’ti.</p>
    1155. 

  1155. <p class="bodytext">Apica<a name="M0.0151"></a>, ayaṃ phasso nāma yathā pāsādaṃ patvā thambho nāma sesadabbasambhārānaṃ balavapaccayo, tulāsaṅghāṭabhittipādakūṭagopānasīpakkhapāsakamukhavaṭṭiyo thambhābaddhā thambhe patiṭṭhitā, evameva sahajātasampayuttadhammānaṃ balavapaccayo hoti. Thambhasadiso hi esa. Avasesā dabbasambhārasadisāti. Tasmāpi paṭhamaṃ vutto. Idaṃ pana akāraṇaṃ. Ekacittasmiñhi uppannadhammānaṃ ‘ayaṃ paṭhamaṃ uppanno ayaṃ pacchā’ti idaṃ vattuṃ na labbhā. Balavapaccayabhāvepi phassassa kāraṇaṃ na <a name="V0.0154"></a> dissati. Desanāvāreneva pana <a name="P0.0108"></a> phasso paṭhamaṃ vutto. Vedanā hoti phasso hoti, saññā hoti phasso hoti, cetanā hoti phasso hoti, cittaṃ hoti phasso hoti, vedanā hoti saññā hoti, cetanā hoti vitakko hotīti āharitumpi hi vaṭṭeyya. Desanāvārena pana phassova paṭhamaṃ vuttoti veditabbo. Yathā cettha evaṃ sesadhammesupi pubbāparakkamo nāma na pariyesitabbo. Vacanatthalakkhaṇarasādīhi pana dhammā eva pariyesitabbā.</p>
    1156. 

  1156. <p class="bodytext">Seyyathidaṃ – phusatīti <span class="bld">phasso</span>. Svāyaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo, saṅghaṭṭanaraso, sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno, āpāthagatavisayapadaṭṭhāno.</p>
    1157. 

  1157. <p class="bodytext">Ayañhi arūpadhammopi samāno ārammaṇe phusanākāreneva pavattatīti phusanalakkhaṇo. Ekadesena ca anallīyamānopi rūpaṃ viya cakkhuṃ, saddo viya ca sotaṃ, cittaṃ ārammaṇañca saṅghaṭṭetīti saṅghaṭṭanaraso. Vatthārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanato vā uppannattā sampattiatthenapi rasena saṅghaṭṭanarasoti veditabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ – ‘‘catubhūmakaphasso hi nophusanalakkhaṇo nāma natthi. Saṅghaṭṭanaraso pana pañcadvārikova hoti. Pañcadvārikassa hi phusanalakkhaṇotipi saṅghaṭṭanarasotipi nāmaṃ; manodvārikassa phusanalakkhaṇotveva nāmaṃ, na saṅghaṭṭanaraso’’ti.</p>
    1158. 

  1158. <p class="bodytext">Idañca vatvā idaṃ suttaṃ ābhataṃ – ‘‘yathā, mahārāja, dve meṇḍā yujjheyyuṃ, tesu yathā eko meṇḍo evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabbaṃ, yathā dutiyo meṇḍo evaṃ rūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ; yathā tesaṃ sannipāto evaṃ phasso daṭṭhabbo’’. Evaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo ca phasso, saṅghaṭṭanaraso ca. ‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, dve <a name="M0.0152"></a> sammā vajjeyyuṃ…pe… dve pāṇī vajjeyyuṃ, yathā eko pāṇi evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabbaṃ, yathā dutiyo pāṇi evaṃ rūpaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, yathā tesaṃ sannipāto evaṃ phasso daṭṭhabbo. Evaṃ phusanalakkhaṇo ca phasso saṅghaṭṭanaraso cā’’ti (mi. pa. 2.3.8) vitthāro.</p>
    1159. 

  1159. <p class="bodytext">Yathā vā ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1352, 1354) cakkhuviññāṇādīni cakkhuādināmena vuttāni, evamidhāpi tāni cakkhuādināmena vuttānīti veditabbāni. Tasmā ‘evaṃ cakkhu daṭṭhabba’ntiādīsu evaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ daṭṭhabbanti iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Evaṃ sante cittārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanato <a name="P0.0109"></a> imasmimpi sutte kiccaṭṭheneva rasena saṅghaṭṭanarasoti siddho hoti.</p>
    1160. 

  1160. <p class="bodytext">Tikasannipātasaṅkhātassa <a name="V0.0155"></a> pana attano kāraṇassa vasena paveditattā sannipātapaccupaṭṭhāno. Ayañhi tattha tattha ‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso’’ti evaṃ kāraṇassa vasena paveditoti. Imassa ca suttapadassa tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā phassoti ayamattho; na saṅgatimattameva phassoti.</p>
    1161. 

  1161. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paveditattā pana tenevākārena paccupaṭṭhātīti sannipātapaccupaṭṭhānoti vutto. Phalaṭṭhena pana paccupaṭṭhānenesa vedanāpaccupaṭṭhāno nāma hoti. Vedanañhesa paccupaṭṭhāpeti uppādetīti attho. Uppādayamāno ca yathā bahiddhā uṇhapaccayāpi lākhāsaṅkhātadhātunissitā usmā attano nissaye mudubhāvakārī hoti, na attano paccayabhūtepi bahiddhā vītaccitaṅgārasaṅkhāte uṇhabhāve, evaṃ vatthārammaṇasaṅkhātaaññapaccayopi samāno, cittanissitattā attano nissayabhūte citte eva esa vedanuppādako hoti, na attano paccayabhūtepi vatthumhi ārammaṇe vāti veditabbo. Tajjāsamannāhārena pana indriyena ca parikkhate visaye anantarāyena uppajjanato esa āpāthagatavisayapadaṭṭhānoti vuccati.</p>
    1162. 

  1162. <p class="bodytext">Vedayatīti <span class="bld">vedanā</span>. Sā vedayitalakkhaṇā, anubhavanarasā iṭṭhākārasambhogarasā vā, cetasikaassādapaccupaṭṭhānā, passaddhipadaṭṭhānā.</p>
    1163. 

  1163. <p class="bodytext">‘Catubhūmikavedanā <a name="M0.0153"></a> hi novedayitalakkhaṇā nāma natthi. Anubhavanarasatā pana sukhavedanāyameva labbhatī’ti vatvā puna taṃ vādaṃ paṭikkhipitvā ‘sukhavedanā vā hotu, dukkhavedanā vā, adukkhamasukhavedanā vā, sabbā anubhavanarasā’ti vatvā ayamattho dīpito – ārammaṇarasānubhavanaṭṭhānaṃ patvā sesasampayuttadhammā ekadesamattakameva anubhavanti. Phassassa hi phusanamattakameva hoti, saññāya sañjānanamattakameva, cetanāya cetanāmattakameva, viññāṇassa vijānanamattakameva. Ekaṃsato pana issaravatāya vissavitāya sāmibhāvena vedanāva ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavati.</p>
    1164. 

  1164. <p class="bodytext">Rājā viya hi vedanā, sūdo viya sesadhammā. Yathā sūdo nānārasabhojanaṃ sampādetvā peḷāya pakkhipitvā lañchanaṃ datvā rañño santike otāretvā lañchanaṃ bhinditvā peḷaṃ vivaritvā sabbasūpabyañjanehi aggaggaṃ <a name="P0.0110"></a> ādāya bhājane pakkhipitvā sadosaniddosabhāvavīmaṃsanatthaṃ ajjhoharati, tato rañño nānaggarasabhojanaṃ upanāmeti. Rājā issaravatāya vissavitāya <a name="V0.0156"></a> sāmī hutvā icchiticchitaṃ bhuñjati. Tattha hi sūdassa bhattavīmaṃsanamattamiva avasesadhammānaṃ ārammaṇarasassa ekadesānubhavanaṃ. Yathā hi sūdo bhattekadesamattameva vīmaṃsati evaṃ sesadhammāpi ārammaṇarasekadesameva anubhavanti. Yathā pana rājā issaravatāya vissavitāya sāmī hutvā yadicchakaṃ bhuñjati, evaṃ vedanāpi issaravatāya vissavitāya sāmibhāvena ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavati. Tasmā anubhavanarasāti vuccati.</p>
    1165. 

  1165. <p class="bodytext">Dutiye atthavikappe ayaṃ idha adhippetā vedanā yathā vā tathā vā ārammaṇassa iṭṭhākārameva sambhuñjatīti iṭṭhākārasambhogarasāti vuttā. Cetasikaassādato panesā attano sabhāveneva upaṭṭhānaṃ sandhāya cetasikaassādapaccupaṭṭhānāti vuttā. Yasmā pana ‘‘passaddhikāyo sukhaṃ vedeti’’ tasmā passaddhipadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    1166. 

  1166. <p class="bodytext">Nīlādibhedaṃ ārammaṇaṃ sañjānātīti <span class="bld">saññā</span>. Sā sañjānanalakkhaṇā paccābhiññāṇarasā. Catubhūmikasaññā hi nosañjānanalakkhaṇā nāma natthi<a name="M0.0154"></a>. Sabbā sañjānanalakkhaṇāva. Yā panettha abhiññāṇena sañjānāti sā paccābhiññāṇarasā nāma hoti.</p>
    1167. 

  1167. <p class="bodytext">Tassā, vaḍḍhakissa dārumhi abhiññāṇaṃ katvā puna tena abhiññāṇena taṃ paccābhijānanakāle, purisassa kāḷatilakādiabhiññāṇaṃ sallakkhetvā puna tena abhiññāṇena asuko nāma esoti tassa paccābhijānanakāle, rañño piḷandhanagopakabhaṇḍāgārikassa tasmiṃ tasmiṃ piḷandhane nāmapaṇṇakaṃ bandhitvā ‘asukaṃ piḷandhanaṃ nāma āharā’ti vutte dīpaṃ jāletvā ratanagabbhaṃ pavisitvā paṇṇaṃ vācetvā tassa tasseva piḷandhanassa āharaṇakāle ca pavatti veditabbā.</p>
    1168. 

  1168. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – sabbasaṅgāhikavasena hi sañjānanalakkhaṇā saññā. Punasañjānanapaccayanimittakaraṇarasā, dāruādīsu tacchakādayo viya. Yathāgahitanimittavasena abhinivesakaraṇapaccupaṭṭhānā, hatthidassakaandhā viya. Ārammaṇe anogāḷhavuttitāya <a name="P0.0111"></a> aciraṭṭhānapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, vijju viya. Yathāupaṭṭhitavisayapadaṭṭhānā, tiṇapurisakesu migapotakānaṃ ‘purisā’ti uppannasaññā viya. Yā panettha ñāṇasampayuttā hoti sā saññā ñāṇameva anuvattati. Sasambhārapathavīādīsu sesadhammā pathavīādīni viyāti veditabbā.</p>
    1169. 

  1169. <p class="bodytext">Cetayatīti <a name="V0.0157"></a> <span class="bld">cetanā</span> saddhiṃ attanā sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇe abhisandahatīti attho. Sā cetayitalakkhaṇā, cetanābhāvalakkhaṇāti attho. Āyūhanarasā. Catubhūmikacetanā hi nocetayitalakkhaṇā nāma natthi. Sabbā cetayitalakkhaṇāva. Āyūhanarasatā pana kusalākusalesu eva hoti. Kusalākusalakammāyūhanaṭṭhānañhi patvā sesasampayuttadhammānaṃ ekadesamattakameva kiccaṃ hoti. Cetanā pana atirekaussāhā atirekavāyāmā, diguṇussāhā diguṇavāyāmā. Tenāhu porāṇā – ‘‘thāvariyasabhāvasaṇṭhitā ca panesā cetanā’’ti. <span class="bld">Thāvariyo</span>ti khettasāmī vuccati. Yathā khettasāmī puriso pañcapaṇṇāsa balipurise gahetvā ‘lāyissāmī’ti ekato khettaṃ otarati. Tassa atireko ussāho atireko vāyāmo, diguṇo ussāho diguṇo vāyāmo hoti, ‘nirantaraṃ gaṇhathā’tiādīni vadati, sīmaṃ ācikkhati, tesaṃ surābhattagandhamālādīni jānāti, maggaṃ samakaṃ harati. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ<a name="M0.0155"></a>. Khettasāmipuriso viya hi cetanā. Pañcapaṇṇāsa balipurisā viya cittaṅgavasena uppannā pañcapaṇṇāsa kusalā dhammā. Khettasāmipurisassa diguṇussāhadiguṇavāyāmakaraṇakālo viya kusalākusalakammāyūhanaṭṭhānaṃ patvā cetanāya diguṇussāho diguṇavāyāmo hoti. Evamassā āyūhanarasatā veditabbā.</p>
    1170. 

  1170. <p class="bodytext">Sā panesā saṃvidahanapaccupaṭṭhānā. Saṃvidahamānā hi ayaṃ upaṭṭhāti, sakiccaparakiccasādhakā, jeṭṭhasissamahāvaḍḍhakīādayo viya. Yathā hi jeṭṭhasisso upajjhāyaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ disvā sayaṃ adhīyamāno itarepi dārake attano attano ajjhayanakamme pavattayati, tasmiñhi adhīyituṃ āraddhe tepi adhīyanti, tadanuvattitāya. Yathā ca mahāvaḍḍhakī sayaṃ tacchanto itarepi tacchake attano attano <a name="P0.0112"></a> tacchanakamme pavattayati, tasmiñhi tacchituṃ āraddhe tepi tacchanti, tadanuvattitāya. Yathā ca yodhanāyako sayaṃ yujjhamāno itarepi yodhe sampahāravuttiyaṃ pavattayati, tasmiñhi yujjhituṃ āraddhe tepi anivattamānā yujjhanti, tadanuvattitāya. Evamesāpi attano kiccena ārammaṇe pavattamānā aññepi sampayuttadhamme attano attano kiriyāya pavatteti. Tassā hi attano kiccaṃ āraddhāya, taṃsampayuttāpi ārabhanti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘sakiccaparakiccasādhakā, jeṭṭhasissamahāvaḍḍhakīādayo viyā’ti. Accāyikakammānussaraṇādīsu ca panāyaṃ sampayuttānaṃ ussāhanabhāvena pavattamānā pākaṭā hotīti veditabbā.</p>
    1171. 

  1171. <p class="bodytext">‘Ārammaṇaṃ <a name="V0.0158"></a> cintetī’ti cittanti nayena cittassa vacanattho vutto eva. Lakkhaṇādito pana vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ cittaṃ, pubbaṅgamarasaṃ, sandahanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, nāmarūpapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Catubhūmakacittañhi novijānanalakkhaṇaṃ nāma natthi. Sabbaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇameva. Dvāraṃ pana patvā ārammaṇavibhāvanaṭṭhāne cittaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ hoti. Cakkhunā hi diṭṭhaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ citteneva vijānāti…pe… manena viññātaṃ dhammārammaṇaṃ citteneva vijānāti. Yathā hi nagaraguttiko nāma nagaramajjhe siṅghāṭake nisīditvā ‘ayaṃ nevāsiko ayaṃ āgantuko’ti āgatāgataṃ janaṃ upadhāreti vavatthapeti – evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ mahātherena – ‘‘yathā, mahārāja<a name="M0.0156"></a>, nagaraguttiko nāma majjhe nagarassa siṅghāṭake nisinno puratthimato disato purisaṃ āgacchantaṃ passeyya… pacchimato… dakkhiṇato… uttarato disato purisaṃ āgacchantaṃ passeyya, evameva kho, mahārāja, yaṃ cakkhunā rūpaṃ passati taṃ viññāṇena vijānāti, yaṃ sotena saddaṃ suṇāti, ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyati, jivhāya rasaṃ sāyati, kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusati, manasā dhammaṃ vijānāti, taṃ viññāṇena vijānātī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.3.12). Evaṃ dvāraṃ patvā ārammaṇavibhāvanaṭṭhāne cittameva pubbaṅgamaṃ purecārikaṃ. Tasmā pubbaṅgamarasanti <a name="P0.0113"></a> vuccati.</p>
    1172. 

  1172. <p class="bodytext">Tadetaṃ pacchimaṃ pacchimaṃ uppajjamānaṃ purimaṃ purimaṃ nirantaraṃ katvā sandahanameva upaṭṭhātīti sandahanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Pañcavokārabhave panassa niyamato nāmarūpaṃ, catuvokārabhave nāmameva padaṭṭhānaṃ. Tasmā nāmarūpapadaṭṭhānanti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1173. 

  1173. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ panetaṃ cittaṃ purimaniddiṭṭhacittena saddhiṃ ekameva udāhu aññanti? Ekameva. Atha kasmā purimaniddiṭṭhaṃ puna vuttanti? Avicāritaṃ etaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Ayaṃ panettha yutti – yathā hi rūpādīni upādāya paññattā sūriyādayo na atthato rūpādīhi aññe honti, teneva yasmiṃ samaye sūriyo udeti tasmiṃ samaye tassa tejasaṅkhātaṃ rūpampīti. Evaṃ vuccamānepi na rūpādīhi añño sūriyo nāma atthi. Na tathā cittaṃ; phassādayo dhamme upādāya paññāpiyati; atthato panetaṃ tehi aññameva. Tena ‘yasmiṃ samaye cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti ekaṃseneva tasmiṃ samaye phassādīhi atthato aññameva taṃ hotī’ti imassatthassa dīpanatthāya etaṃ puna vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1174. 

  1174. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti…pe… pathavīkasiṇaṃ, tasmiṃ samaye <a name="V0.0159"></a> phasso hoti vedanā hotī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 160) pana bhāventena vavatthāpite samaye yo bhāveti na so atthato uppajjati nāma, teneva tattha yathā ‘‘phasso hoti vedanā hotī’’ti vuttaṃ, na evaṃ ‘‘yo bhāveti so hotī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotī’’tiādīsu pana cittena vavatthāpite samaye samayavavatthāpitaṃ cittaṃ na tathā atthato nuppajjati<a name="M0.0157"></a>. Yatheva pana tadā ‘phasso hoti vedanā hoti’, tathā ‘cittampi hotī’ti imassapi atthassa dīpanatthamidaṃ puna vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Idaṃ panettha sanniṭṭhānaṃ – uddesavāre saṅgaṇhanatthaṃ niddesavāre ca vibhajanatthaṃ purimena hi ‘citta’-saddena kevalaṃ samayo vavatthāpito. Tasmiṃ pana cittena vavatthāpitasamaye ye dhammā honti tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ ‘‘phasso hotī’’tiādi āraddhaṃ. Cittañcāpi tasmiṃ samaye hotiyeva. Tasmā tassāpi saṅgaṇhanatthametaṃ <a name="P0.0114"></a> puna vuttaṃ. Imasmiñca ṭhāne etasmiṃ avuccamāne ‘‘katamaṃ tasmiṃ samaye citta’’nti na sakkā bhaveyya niddesavāre vibhajituṃ. Evamassa vibhajanaṃyeva parihāyetha. Tasmā tassa niddesavāre vibhajanatthampi etañca vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1175. 

  1175. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā vā ‘‘uppannaṃ hotī’’ti ettha cittaṃ uppannanti etaṃ desanāsīsameva, ‘na pana cittaṃ ekameva uppajjatī’ti aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vicāritaṃ, tasmā cittaṃ ‘‘uppanna’’nti etthāpi cittamattameva aggahetvā paropaṇṇāsakusaladhammehi saddhiṃyeva cittaṃ gahitaṃ. Evaṃ tattha saṅkhepato sabbepi cittacetasikadhamme gahetvā idha sarūpena pabhedato dassetuṃ ‘‘phasso hotī’’tiādi āraddhaṃ. Iti phassādayo viya cittampi vuttamevāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1176. 

  1176. <p class="title">Dhammuddesavāro</p>
    1177. 

  1177. <p class="subhead">Jhānaṅgarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1178. 

  1178. <p class="bodytext">Vitakketīti <span class="bld">vitakko;</span> vitakkanaṃ vā vitakko; ūhananti vuttaṃ hoti. Svāyaṃ ārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇo. So hi ārammaṇe cittaṃ āropeti. Yathā hi koci rājavallabhaṃ ñātiṃ vā mittaṃ vā nissāya rājagehaṃ ārohati, evaṃ vitakkaṃ nissāya cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ ārohati. Tasmā so ārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropanalakkhaṇoti vutto. Nāgasenatthero panāha – ākoṭanalakkhaṇo vitakko. ‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, bherī ākoṭitā atha pacchā <a name="V0.0160"></a> anuravati anusaddāyati, evameva kho, mahārāja, yathā ākoṭanā evaṃ vitakko daṭṭhabbo. Yathā pacchā anuravanā anusaddāyanā evaṃ vicāro daṭṭhabbo’’ti (mi. pa. 2.3.14 thokaṃ visadisaṃ). Svāyaṃ āhananapariyāhananaraso. Tathā hi tena yogāvacaro ārammaṇaṃ vitakkāhataṃ vitakkapariyāhataṃ karotīti vuccati. Ārammaṇe cittassa ānayanapaccupaṭṭhāno.</p>
    1179. 

  1179. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇe <a name="M0.0158"></a> tena cittaṃ vicaratīti <span class="bld">vicāro;</span> vicaraṇaṃ vā vicāro. Anusañcaraṇanti vuttaṃ hoti. Svāyaṃ ārammaṇānumajjanalakkhaṇo. Tattha sahajātānuyojanaraso. Cittassa anuppabandhapaccupaṭṭhāno. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci aviyoge oḷārikaṭṭhena pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena ca ghaṇṭābhighāto viya abhiniropanaṭṭhena ca cetaso paṭhamābhinipāto vitakko<a name="P0.0115"></a>. Sukhumaṭṭhena anumajjanasabhāvaṭṭhena ca ghaṇṭānuravo viya anuppabandho vicāro. Vipphāravā cettha vitakko, paṭhamuppattikāle paripphandabhūto cittassa. Ākāse uppatitukāmassa pakkhino pakkhavikkhepo viya. Padumābhimukhapāto viya ca gandhānubaddhacetaso bhamarassa. Santavutti vicāro nātiparipphandanabhāvo cittassa, ākāse uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasāraṇaṃ viya, paribbhamanaṃ viya ca padumābhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa uparibhāge.</p>
    1180. 

  1180. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘‘ākāse gacchato mahāsakuṇassa ubhohi pakkhehi vātaṃ gahetvā pakkhe sannisīdāpetvā gamanaṃ viya ārammaṇe cetaso abhiniropanabhāvena pavatto vitakko. So hi ekaggo hutvā appeti vātaggahaṇatthaṃ pakkhe phandāpayamānassa gamanaṃ viya. Anumajjabhāvena pavatto vicāro. So hi ārammaṇaṃ anumajjatīti vuttaṃ, taṃ anuppabandhanena pavattiyaṃ ativiya yujjati. So pana nesaṃ viseso paṭhamadutiyajjhānesu pākaṭo hoti. Apica malaggahitaṃ kaṃsabhājanaṃ ekena hatthena daḷhaṃ gahetvā itarena hatthena cuṇṇatelavālaṇḍupakena parimajjantassa daḷhaggahaṇahattho viya vitakko, parimajjanahattho viya vicāro. Tathā kumbhakārassa daṇḍappahārena cakkaṃ bhamayitvā bhājanaṃ karontassa uppīḷanahattho viya vitakko, ito cito ca sañcaraṇahattho viya vicāro. Tathā maṇḍalaṃ karontassa majjhe sannirumbhitvā ṭhitakaṇṭako viya abhiniropano vitakko, bahiparibbhamanakaṇṭako viya anumajjamāno vicāro.</p>
    1181. 

  1181. <p class="bodytext">Piṇayatīti <a name="V0.0161"></a> <span class="bld">pīti</span>. Sā sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā. Kāyacittapīṇanarasā, pharaṇarasā vā. Odagyapaccupaṭṭhānā. Sā panesā khuddikāpīti, khaṇikāpīti, okkantikāpīti, ubbegāpīti, pharaṇāpītīti pañcavidhā hoti.</p>
    1182. 

  1182. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0159"></a> khuddikāpīti sarīre lomahaṃsamattameva kātuṃ sakkoti. Khaṇikāpīti khaṇe khaṇe vijjuppādasadisā hoti. Okkantikāpīti<a name="P0.0116"></a>, samuddatīraṃ vīci viya, kāyaṃ okkamitvā okkamitvā bhijjati. Ubbegāpīti balavatī hoti, kāyaṃ uddhaggaṃ katvā ākāse laṅghāpanappamāṇappattā. Tathā hi puṇṇavallikavāsī mahātissatthero puṇṇamadivase sāyaṃ cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ gantvā candālokaṃ disvā mahācetiyābhimukho hutvā ‘imāya vata velāya catasso parisā mahācetiyaṃ vandantī’ti pakatiyā diṭṭhārammaṇavasena buddhārammaṇaṃ ubbegaṃ pītiṃ uppādetvā sudhātale pahaṭacitrageṇḍuko viya ākāse uppatitvā mahācetiyaṅgaṇeyeva aṭṭhāsi.</p>
    1183. 

  1183. <p class="bodytext">Tathā girikaṇḍakavihārassa upanissaye vattakālakagāme ekā kuladhītāpi balavabuddhārammaṇāya ubbegāya pītiyā ākāse laṅghesi. Tassā kira mātāpitaro sāyaṃ dhammasavanatthāya vihāraṃ gacchantā ‘amma, tvaṃ garubhārā, akāle vicarituṃ na sakkosi, mayaṃ tuyhaṃ pattiṃ katvā dhammaṃ sossāmā’ti agamaṃsu. Sā gantukāmāpi tesaṃ vacanaṃ paṭibāhituṃ asakkontī ghare ohīyitvā gharadvāre ṭhatvā candālokena girikaṇḍake ākāsacetiyaṅgaṇaṃ olokentī cetiyassa dīpapūjaṃ addasa. Catasso ca parisā mālāgandhādīhi cetiyapūjaṃ katvā padakkhiṇaṃ karontiyo bhikkhusaṅghassa ca gaṇasajjhāyasaddaṃ assosi. Athassā ‘dhaññā vatime manussā ye vihāraṃ gantvā evarūpe cetiyaṅgaṇe anusañcarituṃ evarūpañca madhuraṃ dhammakathaṃ sotuṃ labhantī’ti muttarāsisadisaṃ cetiyaṃ passantiyā eva ubbegāpīti udapādi. Sā ākāse laṅghitvā mātāpitūnaṃ purimataraṃyeva ākāsato cetiyaṅgaṇe oruyha cetiyaṃ vanditvā dhammaṃ suṇamānā aṭṭhāsi. Atha naṃ mātāpitaro āgantvā ‘amma, tvaṃ katarena maggena āgatāsī’ti pucchiṃsu. Sā ‘ākāsena āgatāmhi, na maggenā’ti vatvā ‘amma, ākāsena nāma khīṇāsavā sañcaranti, tvaṃ kathaṃ āgatā’ti puṭṭhā āha – ‘mayhaṃ candālokena cetiyaṃ olokentiyā ṭhitāya buddhārammaṇā balavapīti uppajjati, athāhaṃ neva attano ṭhitabhāvaṃ na nisinnabhāvaṃ aññāsiṃ, gahitanimitteneva pana ākāsaṃ <a name="M0.0160"></a> laṅghitvā cetiyaṅgaṇe patiṭṭhitāmhī’ti. Evaṃ ubbegāpīti ākāse laṅghāpanappamāṇā hoti.</p>
    1184. 

  1184. <p class="bodytext">Pharaṇapītiyā <a name="P0.0117"></a><a name="V0.0162"></a> pana uppannāya sakalasarīraṃ dhamitvā pūritavatthi viya, mahatā udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi viya ca anuparipphuṭaṃ hoti. Sā panesā pañcavidhā pīti gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhaṃ passaddhiṃ paripūreti – kāyapassaddhiñca cittapassaddhiñca. Passaddhi gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhaṃ sukhaṃ paripūreti – kāyikaṃ cetasikañca. Sukhaṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhantaṃ paripākaṃ gacchantaṃ tividhaṃ samādhiṃ paripūreti – khaṇikasamādhiṃ upacārasamādhiṃ appanāsamādhinti. Tāsu ṭhapetvā appanāsamādhipūrikaṃ itarā dvepi idha yujjanti.</p>
    1185. 

  1185. <p class="bodytext">Sukhayatīti <span class="bld">sukhaṃ;</span> yassa uppajjati taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Suṭṭhu vā khādati, khanati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ. Somanassavedanāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Tassa lakkhaṇādīni vedanāpade vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
    1186. 

  1186. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – sātalakkhaṇaṃ sukhaṃ, sampayuttānaṃ upabrūhanarasaṃ, anuggahaṇapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Satipi ca nesaṃ pītisukhānaṃ katthaci avippayoge, iṭṭhārammaṇapaṭilābhatuṭṭhi pīti; paṭiladdharasānubhavanaṃ sukhaṃ. Yattha pīti tattha sukhaṃ. Yattha sukhaṃ tattha na niyamato pīti. Saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahitā pīti, vedanākkhandhasaṅgahitaṃ sukhaṃ. Kantārakhinnassa vanantodakadassanasavanesu viya pīti. Vanacchāyāpavesanaudakaparibhogesu viya sukhaṃ.</p>
    1187. 

  1187. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi puriso mahākantāramaggaṃ paṭipanno ghammapareto tasito pipāsito paṭipathe purisaṃ disvā ‘kattha pānīyaṃ atthī’ti puccheyya. So ‘aṭaviṃ uttaritvā jātassaravanasaṇḍo atthi, tattha gantvā labhissasī’ti vadeyya. So tassa kathaṃ sutvā haṭṭhapahaṭṭho bhaveyya. Tato gacchanto bhūmiyaṃ patitāni uppaladalanālapattādīni disvā suṭṭhutaraṃ haṭṭhapahaṭṭho hutvā gacchanto allavatthe allakese purise passeyya, vanakukkuṭamorādīnaṃ saddaṃ suṇeyya, jātassarapariyante jātaṃ maṇijālasadisaṃ nīlavanasaṇḍaṃ passeyya, sare jātāni uppalapadumakumudādīni passeyya, acchaṃ vippasannaṃ udakaṃ passeyya. So bhiyyo <a name="M0.0161"></a> bhiyyo haṭṭhapahaṭṭho hutvā jātassaraṃ <a name="P0.0118"></a> otaritvā yathāruci nhatvā ca pivitvā ca paṭippassaddhadaratho bhisamuḷālapokkharādīni khāditvā nīluppalādīni piḷandhitvā mandālakamūlāni khandhe karitvā uttaritvā sāṭakaṃ nivāsetvā, udakasāṭakaṃ ātape katvā, sītacchāyāya mandamande vāte paharante nipanno ‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’nti vadeyya. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1188. 

  1188. <p class="bodytext">Tassa <a name="V0.0163"></a> hi purisassa jātassaravanasaṇḍasavanato paṭṭhāya yāva udakadassanā haṭṭhapahaṭṭhakālo viya pubbabhāgārammaṇe haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākārā pīti. Nhatvā ca pivitvā ca sītacchāyāya mandamande vāte paharante ‘aho sukhaṃ, aho sukha’nti vadato nipannakālo viya balavappattaṃ ārammaṇarasānubhavanākārasaṇṭhitaṃ sukhaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye pākaṭabhāvato cetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yattha pana pīti sukhampi tattha atthīti vuttamevetaṃ.</p>
    1189. 

  1189. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittassekaggatā</span>ti cittassa ekaggabhāvo; samādhissetaṃ nāmaṃ. Lakkhaṇādīsu panassa aṭṭhakathāyaṃ tāva vuttaṃ – ‘‘pāmokkhalakkhaṇo ca samādhi avikkhepalakkhaṇo ca’’. Yathā hi kūṭāgārakaṇṇikā sesadabbasambhārānaṃ ābandhanato pamukhā hoti evameva sabbakusaladhammānaṃ samādhicittena ijjhanato sabbesampi tesaṃ dhammānaṃ samādhi pāmokkho hoti. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    1190. 

  1190. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā honti, kūṭaninnā kūṭasamosaraṇā, kūṭaṃ tāsaṃ aggamakkhāyati, evameva kho, mahārāja, ye keci kusalā dhammā sabbe te samādhininnā honti, samādhipoṇā, samādhipabbhārā, samādhi tesaṃ aggamakkhāyatī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.14).</p>
    1191. 

  1191. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca senaṅgaṃ patvā rājā nāma yattha yattha senā osīdati taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati, tassa gatagataṭṭhāne senā paripūrati, parasenā bhijjitvā rājānameva anuvattati, evameva sahajātadhammānaṃ vikkhipituṃ vippakirituṃ appadānato samādhi avikkhepalakkhaṇo nāma hotīti.</p>
    1192. 

  1192. <p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M0.0162"></a> pana nayo – ayaṃ cittassekaggatāsaṅkhāto samādhi nāma avisāralakkhaṇo vā avikkhepalakkhaṇo vā, sahajātadhammānaṃ, sampiṇḍanaraso nhāniyacuṇṇānaṃ udakaṃ viya, upasamapaccupaṭṭhāno ñāṇapaccupaṭṭhāno <a name="P0.0119"></a> vā. ‘‘Samāhito yathābhūtaṃ jānāti passatī’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Visesato sukhapadaṭṭhāno, nivāte dīpaccīnaṃ ṭhiti viya cetaso ṭhitīti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1193. 

  1193. <p class="subhead">Indriyarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1194. 

  1194. <p class="bodytext">Saddahanti etāya, sayaṃ vā saddahati, saddahanamattameva vā esāti <span class="bld">saddhā</span>. Sāva assaddhiyassa <a name="V0.0164"></a> abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ. Adhimokkhalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Saddhāva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ</span>. Sā panesā sampasādanalakkhaṇā ca saddhā sampakkhandanalakkhaṇā ca.</p>
    1195. 

  1195. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi rañño cakkavattissa udakappasādako maṇi udake pakkhitto paṅkasevālapaṇakakaddamaṃ sannisīdāpeti, udakaṃ acchaṃ karoti vippasannaṃ anāvilaṃ, evameva saddhā uppajjamānā nīvaraṇe vikkhambheti, kilese sannisīdāpeti, cittaṃ pasādeti, anāvilaṃ karoti. Pasannena cittena yogāvacaro kulaputto dānaṃ deti, sīlaṃ samādiyati, uposathakammaṃ karoti, bhāvanaṃ ārabhati. Evaṃ tāva saddhā sampasādanalakkhaṇāti veditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">āyasmā nāgaseno</span> –</p>
    1196. 

  1196. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, rājā cakkavatti caturaṅginiyā senāya saddhiṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno parittaṃ udakaṃ tareyya, taṃ udakaṃ hatthīhi ca assehi ca rathehi ca pattīhi ca saṅkhubhitaṃ bhaveyya āvilaṃ lulitaṃ kalalībhūtaṃ, uttiṇṇo ca rājā cakkavatti manusse āṇāpeyya ‘pānīyaṃ bhaṇe āharatha, taṃ pivissāmī’ti. Rañño ca udakappasādako maṇi bhaveyya. ‘Evaṃ devā’ti kho te manussā rañño cakkavattissa paṭissutvā taṃ udakappasādakaṃ maṇiṃ udake pakkhipeyyuṃ. Tasmiṃ udake pakkhittamatte paṅkasevālapaṇakaṃ vigaccheyya, kaddamo ca sannisīdeyya, acchaṃ bhaveyya udakaṃ vippasannaṃ anāvilaṃ, tato rañño cakkavattissa pānīyaṃ upanāmeyyuṃ – ‘pivatu devo pānīya’nti.</p>
    1197. 

  1197. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā<a name="M0.0163"></a>, mahārāja, udakaṃ evaṃ cittaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yathā te manussā evaṃ yogāvacaro daṭṭhabbo. Yathā paṅkasevālapaṇakaṃ kaddamo ca evaṃ kilesā daṭṭhabbā. Yathā udakappasādako maṇi evaṃ saddhā daṭṭhabbā. Yathā udakappasādake maṇimhi pakkhittamatte paṅkasevālapaṇakaṃ vigacchati kaddamo ca sannisīdati, acchaṃ bhavati udakaṃ vippasannaṃ anāvilaṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, saddhā uppajjamānā nīvaraṇe vikkhambheti, vinīvaraṇaṃ <a name="P0.0120"></a> cittaṃ hoti acchaṃ vippasannaṃ anāvila’’nti (mi. pa. 2.1.10).</p>
    1198. 

  1198. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana kumbhilamakaragāharakkhasādikiṇṇaṃ pūraṃ mahānadiṃ āgamma bhīrukajano ubhosu tīresu <a name="V0.0165"></a> tiṭṭhati. Saṅgāmasūro pana mahāyodho āgantvā ‘kasmā ṭhitatthā’ti pucchitvā ‘sappaṭibhayabhāvena otarituṃ na visahāmā’ti vutte sunisitaṃ asiṃ gahetvā ‘mama pacchato etha, mā bhāyitthā’ti vatvā nadiṃ otaritvā āgatāgate kumbhilādayo paṭibāhitvā orimatīrato manussānaṃ sotthibhāvaṃ karonto pārimatīraṃ neti. Pārimatīratopi sotthinā orimatīraṃ āneti. Evameva dānaṃ dadato sīlaṃ rakkhato uposathakammaṃ karoto bhāvanaṃ ārabhato saddhā pubbaṅgamā purecārikā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘sampakkhandanalakkhaṇā ca saddhā’ti.</p>
    1199. 

  1199. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – saddahanalakkhaṇā saddhā, okappanalakkhaṇā vā. Pasādanarasā udakappasādakamaṇi viya, pakkhandanarasā vā oghuttaraṇo viya. Akālusiyapaccupaṭṭhānā, adhimuttipaccupaṭṭhānā vā. Saddheyyavatthupadaṭṭhānā sotāpattiyaṅgapadaṭṭhānā vā, sā hatthavittabījāni viya daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1200. 

  1200. <p class="bodytext">Vīrassa bhāvo vīriyaṃ, vīrānaṃ vā kammaṃ vīriyaṃ. Vidhinā vā nayena upāyena īrayitabbaṃ pavattayitabbanti vīriyaṃ. Tadeva kosajjassa abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ. Paggahaṇalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Vīriyameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyindriyaṃ</span>. Taṃ panetaṃ upatthambhanalakkhaṇañca vīriyaṃ paggahaṇalakkhaṇañca. Yathā hi jiṇṇagharaṃ āgantukena thūṇupatthambhena tiṭṭhati, evameva yogāvacaro vīriyupatthambhena upatthambhito hutvā sabbakusaladhammehi na hāyati, na parihāyati. Evaṃ tāvassa upatthambhanalakkhaṇatā veditabbā. Tenāha <span class="bld">thero nāgaseno</span> –</p>
    1201. 

  1201. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā<a name="M0.0164"></a>, mahārāja, puriso gehe patante tamaññena dārunā upatthambheyya, upatthambhitaṃ santaṃ evaṃ taṃ gehaṃ na pateyya, evameva kho mahārāja upatthambhanalakkhaṇaṃ <a name="P0.0121"></a> vīriyaṃ, vīriyupatthambhitā sabbe kusalā dhammā na hāyanti na parihāyantī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.12).</p>
    1202. 

  1202. <p class="bodytext">Yathā vā pana khuddikāya ca mahatikāya ca senāya saṅgāme pavatte khuddikā senā olīyeyya, tato rañño āroceyya, rājā balavāhanaṃ peseyya, tena paggahitā sakasenā parasenaṃ parājeyya, evameva vīriyaṃ sahajātasampayuttadhammānaṃ olīyituṃ osakkituṃ na deti, ukkhipati, paggaṇhāti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘paggahaṇalakkhaṇañca vīriya’nti.</p>
    1203. 

  1203. <p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="V0.0166"></a> nayo – ussāhalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyaṃ, sahajātānaṃ upatthambhanarasaṃ, asaṃsīdanabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, ‘‘saṃviggo yoniso padahatī’’ti (a. ni. 4.113) vacanato saṃvegapadaṭṭhānaṃ, vīriyārambhavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Sammā āraddhaṃ sabbāsaṃ sampattīnaṃ mūlaṃ hotīti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1204. 

  1204. <p class="bodytext">Saranti etāya, sayaṃ vā sarati, saraṇamattameva vā esāti sati. Sāva muṭṭhassaccassa abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ, upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Sati eva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">satindriyaṃ</span>. Sā panesā apilāpanalakkhaṇā ca sati upaggaṇhanalakkhaṇā ca. Yathā hi rañño bhaṇḍāgāriko dasavidhaṃ ratanaṃ gopayanto sāyaṃpātaṃ rājānaṃ issariyasampattiṃ sallakkhāpeti sāreti, evameva sati kusalaṃ dhammaṃ sallakkhāpeti sarāpeti. Tenāha <span class="bld">thero</span> –</p>
    1205. 

  1205. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, rañño cakkavattissa bhaṇḍāgāriko rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ sāyaṃpātaṃ yasaṃ sarāpeti – ‘ettakā, deva, hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī, ettakaṃ hiraññaṃ, ettakaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ, ettakaṃ sabbaṃ sāpateyyaṃ, taṃ devo saratū’ti, evameva kho, mahārāja, sati kusale dhamme apilāpeti – ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā, ime cattāro sammappadhānā, ime cattāro iddhipādā, imāni pañcindriyāni, imāni pañca balāni, ime satta bojjhaṅgā, ayaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, ayaṃ samatho, ayaṃ vipassanā, ayaṃ vijjā, ayaṃ vimutti, ime lokuttarā dhammāti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, apilāpanalakkhaṇā satī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.13).</p>
    1206. 

  1206. <p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M0.0165"></a> pana rañño cakkavattissa pariṇāyakaratanaṃ rañño ahite ca hite ca ñatvā ahite apayāpeti, hite upayāpeti, evameva sati hitāhitānaṃ dhammānaṃ gatiyo samanvesitvā ‘ime kāyaduccaritādayo dhammā ahitā’ti ahite dhamme apanudeti<a name="P0.0122"></a>, ‘ime kāyasucaritādayo dhammā hitā’ti hite dhamme upaggaṇhāti. Tenāha thero –</p>
    1207. 

  1207. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, rañño cakkavattissa pariṇāyakaratanaṃ rañño hitāhite jānāti ‘ime rañño hitā ime ahitā, ime upakārā ime anupakārā’ti, tato ahite apanudeti hite upaggaṇhāti, evameva kho, mahārāja, sati uppajjamānā hitāhitānaṃ dhammānaṃ gatiyo samanvesati ‘ime dhammā hitā ime dhammā ahitā, ime dhammā upakārā ime dhammā anupakārā’ti<a name="V0.0167"></a>, tato ahite dhamme apanudeti hite dhamme upaggaṇhāti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, upaggaṇhanalakkhaṇā satī’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.13).</p>
    1208. 

  1208. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – apilāpanalakkhaṇā sati, asammosanarasā, ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā visayābhimukhībhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, thirasaññāpadaṭṭhānā, kāyādisatipaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānā vā, ārammaṇe daḷhaṃ patiṭṭhitattā pana esikā viya, cakkhudvārādirakkhaṇato dovāriko viya ca daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1209. 

  1209. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇe cittaṃ sammā adhiyati ṭhapetīti samādhi. Sova vikkhepassa abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ. Avikkhepalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Samādhiyeva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">samādhindriyaṃ</span>. Lakkhaṇādīni panassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
    1210. 

  1210. <p class="bodytext">Pajānātīti paññā. Kiṃ pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’ntiādinā nayena ariyasaccāni. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana ‘paññāpetīti paññā’ti vuttaṃ. Kinti paññāpetīti? Aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti paññāpeti. Sāva avijjāya abhibhavanato adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyaṃ. Dassanalakkhaṇe vā indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Paññāva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>. Sā panesā obhāsanalakkhaṇā ca paññā pajānanalakkhaṇā ca. Yathā hi catubhittike gehe rattibhāge dīpe jalite andhakāro nirujjhati āloko pātubhavati, evameva obhāsanalakkhaṇā <a name="M0.0166"></a> paññā. Paññobhāsasamo obhāso nāma natthi. Paññavato hi ekapallaṅkena nisinnassa dasasahassilokadhātu ekālokā hoti. Tenāha <span class="bld">thero</span> –</p>
    1211. 

  1211. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, puriso andhakāre gehe padīpaṃ paveseyya, paviṭṭho padīpo andhakāraṃ viddhaṃseti, obhāsaṃ janeti, ālokaṃ <a name="P0.0123"></a> vidaṃseti, pākaṭāni ca rūpāni karoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, paññā uppajjamānā avijjandhakāraṃ viddhaṃseti, vijjobhāsaṃ janeti, ñāṇālokaṃ vidaṃseti, pākaṭāni ca ariyasaccāni karoti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, obhāsanalakkhaṇā paññā’’ti (mi. pa. 2.1.15).</p>
    1212. 

  1212. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana cheko bhisakko āturānaṃ sappāyāsappāyāni bhojanāni jānāti, evaṃ paññā uppajjamānā kusalākusale sevitabbāsevitabbe hīnappaṇītakaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgaappaṭibhāge <a name="V0.0168"></a> dhamme pajānāti. Vuttampi cetaṃ <span class="bld">dhammasenāpatinā</span> – ‘‘pajānāti pajānātīti kho, āvuso, tasmā paññavāti vuccati. Kiñca pajānāti? Idaṃ dukkhanti pajānātī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.449) vitthāretabbaṃ. Evamassā pajānanalakkhaṇatā veditabbā.</p>
    1213. 

  1213. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – yathāsabhāvapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā paññā; akkhalitapaṭivedhalakkhaṇā vā kusalissāsakhittausupaṭivedho viya. Visayobhāsarasā padīpo viya. Asammohapaccupaṭṭhānā araññagatasudesako viya.</p>
    1214. 

  1214. <p class="bodytext">Manatīti mano; vijānātīti attho. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathācariyā</span> panāhu – nāḷiyā minamāno viya, mahātulāya dhārayamāno viya ca, ārammaṇaṃ minati pajānātīti manoti. Tadeva mananalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Manova indriyaṃ <span class="bld">manindriyaṃ</span>. Heṭṭhā vuttacittassevetaṃ vevacanaṃ.</p>
    1215. 

  1215. <p class="bodytext">Pītisomanassasampayogato sobhanaṃ mano assāti sumano. Sumanassa bhāvo somanassaṃ. Sātalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Somanassameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">somanassindriyaṃ</span>. Heṭṭhā vuttavedanāyevetaṃ vevacanaṃ.</p>
    1216. 

  1216. <p class="bodytext">Jīvanti <a name="M0.0167"></a> tena taṃsampayuttakā dhammāti jīvitaṃ. Anupālanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Jīvitameva indriyaṃ <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ</span>. Taṃ pavattasantatādhipateyyaṃ hoti. Lakkhaṇādīhi pana attanā avinibhuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ anupālanalakkhaṇaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ, tesaṃ pavattanarasaṃ, tesaṃyeva ṭhapanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, yāpayitabbadhammapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Santepi ca anupālanalakkhaṇādimhi vidhāne atthikkhaṇeyeva <a name="P0.0124"></a> taṃ te dhamme anupāleti udakaṃ viya uppalādīni, yathāsakaṃpaccayuppannepi ca dhamme pāleti dhātī viya kumāraṃ, sayaṃpavattitadhammasambandheneva ca pavattati niyāmako viya, na bhaṅgato uddhaṃ pavattayati attano ca pavattayitabbānañca abhāvā, na bhaṅgakkhaṇe ṭhapeti sayaṃ bhijjamānattā khīyamāno viya vaṭṭisineho dīpasikhaṃ. Na ca anupālanapavattanaṭṭhapanānubhāvavirahitaṃ yathāvuttakkhaṇe tassa tassa sādhanatoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1217. 

  1217. <p class="subhead">Maggaṅgarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1218. 

  1218. <p class="bodytext">Sammādiṭṭhiādīsu <a name="V0.0169"></a> dassanaṭṭhena sammādiṭṭhi. Abhiniropanaṭṭhena sammāsaṅkappo, paggahanaṭṭhena sammāvāyāmo, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena sammāsati, avikkhepanaṭṭhena sammāsamādhīti veditabbo. Vacanatthato pana sammā passati, sammā vā tāya passantīti <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi</span>. Sammā saṅkappeti, sammā vā tena saṅkappentīti <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo</span>. Sammā vāyāmeti, sammā vā tena vāyamantīti <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>. Sammā sarati, sammā vā tāya sarantīti <span class="bld">sammāsati</span>. Sammā samādhiyati, sammā vā tena samādhiyantīti <span class="bld">sammāsamādhi</span>. Apica, pasatthā sundarā vā diṭṭhi sammādiṭṭhīti. Imināpi nayena tesaṃ vacanattho veditabbo. Lakkhaṇādīni pana heṭṭhā vuttāneva.</p>
    1219. 

  1219. <p class="subhead">Balarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1220. 

  1220. <p class="bodytext">Saddhābalādīsupi saddhādīni vuttatthāneva. Akampiyaṭṭhena pana balanti veditabbaṃ. Evametesu assaddhiye na kampatīti <span class="bld">saddhābalaṃ</span>. Kosajje na kampatīti <span class="bld">vīriyabalaṃ</span>. Muṭṭhassacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">satibalaṃ</span>. Uddhacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ</span>. Avijjāya na kampatīti <span class="bld">paññābalaṃ</span>. Ahirike na kampatīti <span class="bld">hiribalaṃ</span><a name="M0.0168"></a>. Anottappe na kampatīti <span class="bld">ottappabala</span>nti. Ayaṃ ubhayapadavasena atthavaṇṇanā hoti.</p>
    1221. 

  1221. <p class="bodytext">Tattha purimāni pañca heṭṭhā lakkhaṇādīhi pakāsitāneva. Pacchimadvaye kāyaduccaritādīhi hiriyatīti <span class="bld">hirī;</span> lajjāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tehi eva ottappatīti <span class="bld">ottappaṃ;</span> pāpato ubbegassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tesaṃ nānākaraṇadīpanatthaṃ ‘samuṭṭhānaṃ adhipati lajjā bhayalakkhaṇena cā’ti imaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā ayaṃ <a name="P0.0125"></a> vitthārakathā vuttā.</p>
    1222. 

  1222. <p class="bodytext">Ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī nāma; bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma. Attādhipati hirī nāma; lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma. Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā hirī nāma; bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ ottappaṃ nāma. Sappatissavalakkhaṇā hirī nāma; vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappaṃ nāma.</p>
    1223. 

  1223. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ajjhattasamuṭṭhānaṃ hiriṃ catūhi kāraṇehi samuṭṭhāpeti – jātiṃ paccavekkhitvā, vayaṃ paccavekkhitvā, sūrabhāvaṃ paccavekkhitvā, bāhusaccaṃ paccavekkhitvā. Kathaṃ? ‘Pāpakaraṇaṃ nāmetaṃ na <a name="V0.0170"></a> jātisampannānaṃ kammaṃ, hīnajaccānaṃ kevaṭṭādīnaṃ idaṃ kammaṃ. Mādisassa jātisampannassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’nti, evaṃ tāva jātiṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘pāpakaraṇaṃ nāmetaṃ daharehi kattabbaṃ kammaṃ, mādisassa vaye ṭhitassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’nti, evaṃ vayaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘pāpakammaṃ nāmetaṃ dubbalajātikānaṃ kammaṃ, na sūrabhāvānaṃ. Mādisassa sūrabhāvasampannassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’nti, evaṃ sūrabhāvaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tathā ‘pāpakammaṃ nāmetaṃ andhabālānaṃ kammaṃ, na paṇḍitānaṃ. Mādisassa paṇḍitassa bahussutassa idaṃ kammaṃ kātuṃ na yutta’nti, evaṃ bāhusaccaṃ paccavekkhitvā pāṇātipātādipāpaṃ akaronto hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Evaṃ ajjhattasamuṭṭhānahiriṃ catūhi kāraṇehi samuṭṭhāpeti. Samuṭṭhāpetvā ca pana attano citte hiriṃ pavesetvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Evaṃ ajjhattasamuṭṭhānā hirī nāma hoti.</p>
    1224. 

  1224. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ <a name="M0.0169"></a> bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma? Sace tvaṃ pāpakammaṃ karissasi catūsu parisāsu garahappatto bhavissasi.</p>
    1225. 

  1225. <p class="gatha1">Garahissanti taṃ viññū, asuciṃ nāgariko yathā;</p>
    1226. 

  1226. <p class="gathalast">Vajjito sīlavantehi, kathaṃ bhikkhu karissasīti.</p>
    1227. 

  1227. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ paccavekkhanto hi bahiddhāsamuṭṭhitena ottappena pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Evaṃ bahiddhāsamuṭṭhānaṃ ottappaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
    1228. 

  1228. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ attādhipati hirī nāma? Idhekacco kulaputto attānaṃ <a name="P0.0126"></a> adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā ‘mādisassa saddhāpabbajitassa bahussutassa dhutaṅgadharassa na yuttaṃ pāpakammaṃ kātu’nti pāpaṃ na karoti. Evaṃ attādhipati hirī nāma hoti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘so attānaṃyeva adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ karitvā akusalaṃ pajahati kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhamattānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (a. ni. 3.40).</p>
    1229. 

  1229. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma? Idhekacco kulaputto lokaṃ adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā pāpakammaṃ <a name="V0.0171"></a> na karoti. Yathāha – ‘‘mahā kho panāyaṃ lokasannivāso. Mahantasmiṃ kho pana lokasannivāse santi samaṇabrāhmaṇā iddhimanto dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduno, te dūratopi passanti, āsannāpi na dissanti, cetasāpi cittaṃ pajānanti, tepimaṃ evaṃ jānissanti ‘passatha bho imaṃ kulaputtaṃ, saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito samāno vokiṇṇo viharati pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehī’ti. Santi devatā iddhimantiniyo dibbacakkhukā paracittaviduniyo. Tā dūratopi passanti, āsannāpi na dissanti, cetasāpi cittaṃ pajānanti, tāpi maṃ jānissanti ‘passatha bho imaṃ kulaputtaṃ, saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito samāno vokiṇṇo viharati pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehī’ti… so lokaṃyeva adhipatiṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā akusalaṃ pajahati kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhamattānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (a. ni. 3.146). Evaṃ lokādhipati ottappaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
    1230. 

  1230. <p class="bodytext">Lajjāsabhāvasaṇṭhitā <a name="M0.0170"></a> hirī, bhayasabhāvasaṇṭhitaṃ ottappanti. Ettha pana <span class="bld">lajjā</span>ti lajjanākāro; tena sabhāvena saṇṭhitā hirī. <span class="bld">Bhaya</span>nti apāyabhayaṃ; tena sabhāvena saṇṭhitaṃ ottappaṃ. Tadubhayampi pāpaparivajjane pākaṭaṃ hoti. Ekacco hi, yathā nāma eko kulaputto uccārapassāvādīni karonto lajjitabbayuttakaṃ ekaṃ disvā lajjanākārappatto bhaveyya hīḷito, evameva ajjhattaṃ lajjidhammaṃ okkamitvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti. Ekacco apāyabhayabhīto hutvā pāpakammaṃ na karoti.</p>
    1231. 

  1231. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ opammaṃ – yathā hi dvīsu ayoguḷesu eko sītalo bhaveyya gūthamakkhito, eko uṇho āditto. Tattha paṇḍito sītalaṃ gūthamakkhitattā jigucchanto na gaṇhāti, itaraṃ ḍāhabhayena. Tattha sītalassa gūthamakkhanajigucchāya agaṇhanaṃ viya ajjhattaṃ lajjidhammaṃ okkamitvā <a name="P0.0127"></a> pāpassa akaraṇaṃ. Uṇhassa ḍāhabhayena agaṇhanaṃ viya apāyabhayena pāpassa akaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1232. 

  1232. <p class="bodytext">Sappatissavalakkhaṇā hirī, vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappanti. Idampi dvayaṃ pāpaparivajjane eva pākaṭaṃ hoti. Ekacco hi jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇā satthumahattapaccavekkhaṇā dāyajjamahattapaccavekkhaṇā sabrahmacārīmahattapaccavekkhaṇāti catūhi kāraṇehi <a name="V0.0172"></a> sappatissavalakkhaṇaṃ hiriṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā pāpaṃ na karoti. Ekacco attānuvādabhayaṃ parānuvādabhayaṃ daṇḍabhayaṃ duggatibhayanti catūhi kāraṇehi vajjabhīrukabhayadassāvilakkhaṇaṃ ottappaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā pāpaṃ na karoti. Tattha jātimahattapaccavekkhaṇādīni ceva attānuvādabhayādīni ca vitthāretvā kathetabbāni.</p>
    1233. 

  1233. <p class="subhead">Mūlarāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1234. 

  1234. <p class="bodytext">Na lubbhanti etena, sayaṃ vā na lubbhati, alubbhanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">alobho</span>. Adosāmohesupi eseva nayo. Tesu alobho ārammaṇe cittassa agedhalakkhaṇo, alaggabhāvalakkhaṇo vā kamaladale jalabindu viya. Apariggahaṇaraso muttabhikkhu viya<a name="M0.0171"></a>. Anallīnabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno asucimhi patitapuriso viya. Adoso acaṇḍikkalakkhaṇo, avirodhalakkhaṇo vā anukūlamitto viya. Āghātavinayaraso pariḷāhavinayaraso vā candanaṃ viya. Sommabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno puṇṇacando viya. Amoho lakkhaṇādīhi heṭṭhā paññindriyapade vibhāvito eva.</p>
    1235. 

  1235. <p class="bodytext">Imesu pana tīsu alobho maccheramalassa paṭipakkho, adoso dussīlyamalassa, amoho kusalesu dhammesu abhāvanāya paṭipakkho. Alobho cettha dānahetu, adoso sīlahetu, amoho bhāvanāhetu. Tesu ca alobhena anadhikaṃ gaṇhāti, luddhassa adhikaggahaṇato. Adosena anūnaṃ, duṭṭhassa ūnaggahaṇato. Amohena aviparītaṃ, mūḷhassa viparītaggahaṇato.</p>
    1236. 

  1236. <p class="bodytext">Alobhena cettha vijjamānaṃ dosaṃ dosato dhārento dose pavattati; luddho hi dosaṃ paṭicchādeti. Adosena vijjamānaṃ guṇaṃ guṇato dhārento guṇe pavattati; duṭṭho hi guṇaṃ <a name="P0.0128"></a> makkheti. Amohena yāthāvasabhāvaṃ yāthāvasabhāvato dhārento yāthāvasabhāve pavattati. Mūḷho hi ‘tacchaṃ atacchanti atacchaṃ ca taccha’nti gaṇhāti. Alobhena ca piyavippayogadukkhaṃ na hoti, luddhassa piyasabhāvato piyavippayogāsahanato ca. Adosena appiyasampayogadukkhaṃ na hoti, duṭṭhassa hi appiyasabhāvato appiyasampayogāsahanato ca. Amohena icchitālābhadukkhaṃ na hoti, amūḷhassa hi ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā’tievamādipaccavekkhaṇasambhavato (dī. ni. 3.34; a. ni. 9.30).</p>
    1237. 

  1237. <p class="bodytext">Alobhena <a name="V0.0173"></a> cettha jātidukkhaṃ na hoti, alobhassa taṇhāpaṭipakkhato taṇhāmūlakattā ca jātidukkhassa. Adosena jarādukkhaṃ na hoti, tikkhadosassa khippaṃ jarāsambhavato. Amohena maraṇadukkhaṃ na hoti, sammohamaraṇañhi dukkhaṃ, na cetaṃ amūḷhassa hoti. Alobhena ca gahaṭṭhānaṃ, amohena pabbajitānaṃ, adosena pana sabbesampi sukhasaṃvāsatā hoti.</p>
    1238. 

  1238. <p class="bodytext">Visesato <a name="M0.0172"></a> cettha alobhena pettivisaye upapatti na hoti. Yebhuyyena hi sattā taṇhāya pettivisayaṃ upapajjanti, taṇhāya ca paṭipakkho alobho. Adosena niraye upapatti na hoti. Dosena hi caṇḍajātitāya dosasadisaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjanti. Dosassa ca paṭipakkho adoso. Amohena tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbatti na hoti. Mohena hi niccasammūḷhaṃ tiracchānayoniṃ upapajjanti. Mohassa paṭipakkho ca amoho. Etesu ca alobho rāgavasena upagamanassa abhāvakaro, adoso dosavasena apagamanassa, amoho mohavasena amajjhattabhāvassa.</p>
    1239. 

  1239. <p class="bodytext">Tīhipi cetehi yathāpaṭipāṭiyā nekkhammasaññā abyāpādasaññā avihiṃsāsaññāti imā tisso. Asubhasaññā appamāṇasaññā dhātusaññāti imā ca tisso saññāyo honti. Alobhena pana kāmasukhallikānuyogaantassa, adosena attakilamathānuyogaantassa parivajjanaṃ hoti; amohena majjhimāya paṭipattiyā paṭipajjanaṃ. Tathā alobhena abhijjhākāyaganthassa pabhedanaṃ hoti, adosena byāpādakāyaganthassa, amohena sesaganthadvayassa. Purimāni ca dve satipaṭṭhānāni purimānaṃ dvinnaṃ ānubhāvena, pacchimāni pacchimasseva ānubhāvena ijjhanti.</p>
    1240. 

  1240. <p class="bodytext">Alobho cettha ārogyassa paccayo hoti; aluddho hi lobhanīyampi asappāyaṃ na sevati, tena kho arogo hoti. Adoso <a name="P0.0129"></a> yobbanassa; aduṭṭho hi valipalitāvahena dosagginā aḍayhamāno dīgharattaṃ yuvā hoti. Amoho dīghāyukatāya; amūḷho hi hitāhitaṃ ñatvā ahitaṃ parivajjanto hitañca paṭisevamāno dīghāyuko hoti.</p>
    1241. 

  1241. <p class="bodytext">Alobho cettha bhogasampattiyā paccayo hoti, aluddhassa hi cāgena bhogapaṭilābho. Adoso mittasampattiyā, mettāya mittānaṃ paṭilābhato ceva aparihānato ca. Amoho attasampattiyā<a name="V0.0174"></a>, amūḷho hi attano hitameva karonto attānaṃ sampādeti<a name="M0.0173"></a>. Alobho ca dibbavihārassa paccayo hoti, adoso brahmavihārassa, amoho ariyavihārassa.</p>
    1242. 

  1242. <p class="bodytext">Alobhena cettha sakapakkhesu sattasaṅkhāresu nibbuto hoti, tesaṃ vināsena abhisaṅgahetukassa dukkhassa abhāvā; adosena parapakkhesu, aduṭṭhassa hi verīsupi verisaññāya abhāvato; amohena udāsīnapakkhesu, amūḷhassa sabbābhisaṅgatāya abhāvato.</p>
    1243. 

  1243. <p class="bodytext">Alobhena ca aniccadassanaṃ hoti; luddho hi upabhogāsāya aniccepi saṅkhāre aniccato na passati. Adosena dukkhadassanaṃ; adosajjhāsayo hi pariccattaāghātavatthupariggaho saṅkhāreyeva dukkhato passati. Amohena anattadassanaṃ; amūḷho hi yāthāvagahaṇakusalo apariṇāyakaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ apariṇāyakato bujjhati. Yathā ca etehi aniccadassanādīni evametepi aniccadassanādīhi honti. Aniccadassanena hi alobho hoti, dukkhadassanena adoso, anattadassanena amoho hoti. Ko hi nāma ‘aniccamida’nti sammā ñatvā tassatthāya pihaṃ uppādeyya, saṅkhāre vā ‘dukkha’nti jānanto aparampi accantatikhiṇaṃ kodhadukkhaṃ uppādeyya, attasuññatañca bujjhitvā puna sammohamāpajjeyyāti?</p>
    1244. 

  1244. <p class="subhead">Kammapatharāsivaṇṇanā</p>
    1245. 

  1245. <p class="bodytext">Nābhijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">anabhijjhā</span>. Kāyikacetasikasukhaṃ idhalokaparalokahitaṃ guṇānubhāvapaṭiladdhaṃ kittisaddañca na byāpādetīti <span class="bld">abyāpādo</span>. Sammā passati, sobhanā vā diṭṭhīti <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi</span>. Alobhādīnaṃyeva tāni nāmāni. Heṭṭhā panete dhammā mūlavasena gahitā, idha kammapathavasenāti veditabbā.</p>
    1246. 

  1246. <p class="subhead">Lokapāladukavaṇṇanā</p>
    1247. 

  1247. <p class="bodytext">Hirottappānipi heṭṭhā balavasena gahitāni, idha lokapālavasena. Lokañhi ime dve dhammā pālayanti. Yathāha –</p>
    1248. 

  1248. <p class="indent">‘‘Dveme, bhikkhave, sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti. Katame dve? Hirī ca ottappañca<a name="V0.0175"></a>. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve <a name="P0.0130"></a> sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti<a name="M0.0174"></a>. Sace, bhikkhave, dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ na pāleyyuṃ, nayidha paññāyetha mātāti vā, mātucchāti vā, mātulānīti vā, ācariyabhariyāti vā, garūnaṃ dārāti vā. Sambhedaṃ loko agamissa yathā ajeḷakā kukkuṭasūkarā soṇasiṅgālā. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, ime dve sukkā dhammā lokaṃ pālenti, tasmā paññāyati mātāti vā mātucchāti vā mātulānīti vā ācariyabhariyāti vā garūnaṃ dārāti vā’’ti (a. ni. 2.9).</p>
    1249. 

  1249. <p class="subhead">Passaddhādiyugalavaṇṇanā</p>
    1250. 

  1250. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa passambhanaṃ <span class="bld">kāyapassaddhi</span>. Cittassa passambhanaṃ <span class="bld">cittapassaddhi</span>. Kāyoti cettha vedanādayo tayo khandhā. Ubhopi panetā ekato katvā kāyacittadarathavūpasamalakkhaṇā kāyacittapassaddhiyo, kāyacittadarathanimmaddanarasā, kāyacittānaṃ aparipphandasītibhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittānaṃ avūpasamakarauddhaccādikilesapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1251. 

  1251. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa lahubhāvo <span class="bld">kāyalahutā</span>. Cittassa lahubhāvo <span class="bld">cittalahutā</span>. Tā kāyacittagarubhāvavūpasamalakkhaṇā, kāyacittagarubhāvanimmaddanarasā, kāyacittānaṃ adandhatāpaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittānaṃ garubhāvakarathinamiddhādikilesapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1252. 

  1252. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa mudubhāvo <span class="bld">kāyamudutā</span>. Cittassa mudubhāvo <span class="bld">cittamudutā</span>. Tā kāyacittathaddhabhāvavūpasamalakkhaṇā, kāyacittathaddhabhāvanimmaddanarasā, appaṭighātapaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittānaṃ thaddhabhāvakaradiṭṭhimānādikilesapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1253. 

  1253. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa kammaññabhāvo <span class="bld">kāyakammaññatā</span>. Cittassa kammaññabhāvo <span class="bld">cittakammaññatā</span>. Tā kāyacittaakammaññabhāvavūpasamalakkhaṇā, kāyacittānaṃ akammaññabhāvanimmaddanarasā, kāyacittānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇasampattipaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittānaṃ akammaññabhāvakarāvasesanīvaraṇapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā. Tā pasādanīyavatthūsu pasādāvahā, hitakiriyāsu <a name="P0.0131"></a> viniyogakkhemabhāvāvahā suvaṇṇavisuddhi viyāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1254. 

  1254. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa <a name="M0.0175"></a><a name="V0.0176"></a> pāguññabhāvo <span class="bld">kāyapāguññatā</span>. Cittassa pāguññabhāvo <span class="bld">cittapāguññatā</span>. Tā kāyacittānaṃ agelaññabhāvalakkhaṇā, kāyacittagelaññanimmaddanarasā, nirādīnavapaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittagelaññakaraassaddhiyādikilesapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1255. 

  1255. <p class="bodytext">Kāyassa ujukabhāvo <span class="bld">kāyujukatā</span>. Cittassa ujukabhāvo <span class="bld">cittujukatā</span>. Tā kāyacittānaṃ ajjavalakkhaṇā, kāyacittakuṭilabhāvanimmaddanarasā, ajimhatāpaccupaṭṭhānā, kāyacittapadaṭṭhānā. Kāyacittānaṃ kuṭilabhāvakaramāyāsāṭheyyādikilesapaṭipakkhabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1256. 

  1256. <p class="bodytext">Saratīti <span class="bld">sati</span>. Sampajānātīti <span class="bld">sampajaññaṃ;</span> samantato pakārehi jānātīti attho. Sātthakasampajaññaṃ sappāyasampajaññaṃ gocarasampajaññaṃ asammohasampajaññanti imesaṃ catunnaṃ panassa vasena bhedo veditabbo. Lakkhaṇādīni ca tesaṃ satindriyapaññindriyesu vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Iti heṭṭhā vuttamevetaṃ dhammadvayaṃ puna imasmiṃ ṭhāne upakāravasena gahitaṃ.</p>
    1257. 

  1257. <p class="bodytext">Kāmacchandādayo paccanīkadhamme sametīti <span class="bld">samatho</span>. Aniccādivasena vividhehi ākārehi dhamme passatīti <span class="bld">vipassanā</span>. Paññāvesā atthato. Imesampi dvinnaṃ lakkhaṇādīni heṭṭhā vuttāneva. Idha panete yuganaddhavasena gahitā.</p>
    1258. 

  1258. <p class="bodytext">Sahajātadhamme paggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">paggāho</span>. Uddhaccasaṅkhātassa vikkhepassa paṭipakkhabhāvato na vikkhepoti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Etesampi lakkhaṇādīni heṭṭhā vuttāneva. Idha panetaṃ dvayaṃ vīriyasamādhiyojanatthāya gahitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1259. 

  1259. <p class="subhead">Yevāpanakavaṇṇanā</p>
    1260. 

  1260. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā, ime dhammā kusalā</span>ti ‘phasso hoti…pe… avikkhepo hotī’ti na kevalaṃ padapaṭipāṭiyā uddiṭṭhā ime paropaṇṇāsadhammā eva, atha kho yasmiṃ <a name="P0.0132"></a> samaye kāmāvacaraṃ tihetukaṃ somanassasahagataṃ paṭhamaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ samaye ye vā pana aññepi tehiyeva phassādīhi sampayuttā <a name="V0.0177"></a> hutvā pavattamānā atthi, attano <a name="M0.0176"></a> attano anurūpaṃ paccayaṃ paṭicca samuppannā rūpābhāvena arūpino, sabhāvato upalabbhamānā dhammā sabbepi ime dhammā kusalā.</p>
    1261. 

  1261. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā cittaṅgavasena pāḷiyaṃ āruḷhe paropaṇṇāsadhamme dīpetvā yevāpanakavasena aparepi nava dhamme dhammarājā dīpeti. Tesu tesu hi suttapadesu ‘chando adhimokkho manasikāro tatramajjhattatā karuṇā muditā kāyaduccaritavirati vacīduccaritavirati micchājīvaviratī’ti ime nava dhammā paññāyanti. Imasmiñcāpi mahācitte kattukamyatākusaladhammacchando atthi, cittaṅgavasena pana pāḷiyaṃ na āruḷho. So idha yevāpanakavasena gahito.</p>
    1262. 

  1262. <p class="bodytext">Adhimokkho atthi, manasikāro atthi, tatramajjhattatā atthi. Mettāpubbabhāgo atthi; so adose gahite gahito eva hoti. Karuṇāpubbabhāgo atthi, muditāpubbabhāgo atthi. Upekkhāpubbabhāgo atthi; so pana tatramajjhattatāya gahitāya gahitova hoti. Sammāvācā atthi, sammākammanto atthi. Sammāājīvo atthi; cittaṅgavasena pana pāḷiyaṃ na āruḷho. Sopi idha yevāpanakavasena gahito.</p>
    1263. 

  1263. <p class="bodytext">Imesu pana navasu chando adhimokkho manasikāro tatramajjhattatāti ime cattārova ekakkhaṇe labbhanti, sesā nānākkhaṇe. Yadā hi iminā cittena micchāvācaṃ pajahati, virativasena sammāvācaṃ pūreti, tadā chandādayo cattāro, sammāvācā cāti ime pañca ekakkhaṇe labbhanti. Yadā micchākammantaṃ pajahati, virativasena sammākammantaṃ pūreti…pe… micchāājīvaṃ pajahati, virativasena sammāājīvaṃ pūreti…pe… yadā karuṇāya parikammaṃ karoti…pe… yadā muditāya parikammaṃ karoti, tadā chandādayo cattāro, muditāpubbabhāgo cāti ime pañca ekakkhaṇe labbhanti. Ito pana muñcitvā, dānaṃ dentassa sīlaṃ pūrentassa yoge kammaṃ karontassa cattāri apaṇṇakaṅgāneva labbhanti.</p>
    1264. 

  1264. <p class="bodytext">Evametesu navasu yevāpanakadhammesu <span class="bld">‘chando’</span>ti kattukamyatāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmā so kattukamyatālakkhaṇo chando, ārammaṇapariyesanaraso, ārammaṇena atthikatāpaccupaṭṭhāno<a name="P0.0133"></a>. Tadevassa padaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="M0.0177"></a>. Ārammaṇassa gahaṇe cāyaṃ cetaso hatthappasāraṇaṃ viya daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1265. 

  1265. <p class="bodytext">Adhimuccanaṃ <a name="V0.0178"></a> <span class="bld">‘adhimokkho’</span>. So sanniṭṭhānalakkhaṇo, asaṃsappanaraso, nicchayapaccupaṭṭhāno sanniṭṭhātabbadhammapadaṭṭhāno. Ārammaṇe niccalabhāvena indakhīlo viya daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1266. 

  1266. <p class="bodytext">Kiriyā kāro, manasmiṃ kāro <span class="bld">‘manasikāro’</span>. Purimamanato visadisaṃ manaṃ karotītipi manasikāro. Svāyaṃ ārammaṇapaṭipādako vīthipaṭipādako javanapaṭipādakoti tippakāro. Tattha ārammaṇapaṭipādako manasmiṃ kāroti manasikāro. So sāraṇalakkhaṇo, sampayuttānaṃ ārammaṇe sampayojanaraso, ārammaṇābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno, saṅkhārakkhandhapariyāpanno. Ārammaṇapaṭipādakattena sampayuttānaṃ sārathi viya daṭṭhabbo. Vīthipaṭipādakoti pana pañcadvārāvajjanassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Javanapaṭipādakoti manodvārāvajjanassa. Na te idha adhippetā.</p>
    1267. 

  1267. <p class="bodytext">Tesu dhammesu majjhattatā <span class="bld">‘tatramajjhattatā’</span>. Sā cittacetasikānaṃ samavāhitalakkhaṇā, ūnādhikanivāraṇarasā, pakkhapātupacchedanarasā vā; majjhattabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā. Cittacetasikānaṃ ajjhupekkhanavasena samappavattānaṃ ājāneyyānaṃ ajjhupekkhanasārathi viya daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1268. 

  1268. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Karuṇāmuditā’</span> brahmavihāraniddese āvi bhavissanti. Kevalañhi tā appanappattā rūpāvacarā, idha kāmāvacarāti ayameva viseso.</p>
    1269. 

  1269. <p class="bodytext">Kāyaduccaritato virati <span class="bld">‘kāyaduccaritavirati’</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Lakkhaṇādito panetā tissopi kāyaduccaritādivatthūnaṃ avītikkamalakkhaṇā; amaddanalakkhaṇāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kāyaduccaritādivatthuto saṅkocanarasā, akiriyapaccupaṭṭhānā, saddhāhirottappaappicchatādiguṇapadaṭṭhānā. Pāpakiriyato cittassa vimukhībhāvabhūtāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1270. 

  1270. <p class="bodytext">Iti phassādīni chappaññāsa yevāpanakavasena vuttāni navāti sabbānipi imasmiṃ dhammuddesavāre pañcasaṭṭhi dhammapadāni bhavanti. Tesu ekakkhaṇe kadāci ekasaṭṭhi bhavanti, kadāci samasaṭṭhi. Tāni hi sammāvācāpūraṇādivasena. Uppattiyaṃ <a name="M0.0178"></a> pañcasu ṭhānesu ekasaṭṭhi bhavanti. Tehi mutte ekasmiṃ ṭhāne samasaṭṭhi bhavanti. Ṭhapetvā <a name="P0.0134"></a> pana yevāpanake pāḷiyaṃ yathārutavasena gayhamānāni chappaññāsāva honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena panettha phassapañcakaṃ, vitakko vicāro pīti cittekaggatā, pañcindriyāni, hiribalaṃ ottappabalanti dve balāni, alobho <a name="V0.0179"></a> adosoti dve mūlāni, kāyapassaddhicittapassaddhiādayo dvādasa dhammāti samatiṃsa dhammā honti.</p>
    1271. 

  1271. <p class="bodytext">Tesu samatiṃsāya dhammesu aṭṭhārasa dhammā avibhattikā honti, dvādasa savibhattikā. Katame aṭṭhārasa? Phasso saññā cetanā vicāro pīti jīvitindriyaṃ, kāyapassaddhiādayo dvādasa dhammāti ime aṭṭhārasa avibhattikā. Vedanā cittaṃ vitakko cittekaggatā, saddhindriyaṃ vīriyindriyaṃ satindriyaṃ paññindriyaṃ, hiribalaṃ ottappabalaṃ, alobho adosoti ime dvādasa dhammā savibhattikā. Tesu satta dhammā dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā, eko tīsu, dve catūsu, eko chasu, eko sattasu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1272. 

  1272. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ? Cittaṃ vitakko saddhā hirī ottappaṃ alobho adosoti ime satta dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā.</p>
    1273. 

  1273. <p class="bodytext">Etesu hi cittaṃ tāva phassapañcakaṃ patvā cittaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, indriyāni patvā manindriyanti. Vitakko jhānaṅgāni patvā vitakko hotīti vutto, maggaṅgāni patvā sammāsaṅkappoti. Saddhā indriyāni patvā saddhindriyaṃ hotīti vuttā, balāni patvā saddhābalanti. Hirī balāni patvā hiribalaṃ hotīti vuttā, lokapāladukaṃ patvā hirīti. Ottappepi eseva nayo. Alobho mūlaṃ patvā alobho hotīti vutto, kammapathaṃ patvā anabhijjhāti. Adoso mūlaṃ patvā adoso hotīti vutto, kammapathaṃ patvā abyāpādoti. Ime satta dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā.</p>
    1274. 

  1274. <p class="bodytext">Vedanā pana phassapañcakaṃ patvā vedanā hotīti vuttā, jhānaṅgāni patvā sukhanti, indriyāni patvā somanassindriyanti. Evaṃ eko dhammo tīsu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1275. 

  1275. <p class="bodytext">Vīriyaṃ pana indriyāni patvā vīriyindriyaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, maggaṅgāni patvā sammāvāyāmoti, balāni patvā vīriyabalanti, piṭṭhidukaṃ patvā paggāhoti. Satipi <a name="M0.0179"></a> indriyāni patvā satindriyaṃ hotīti vuttā, maggaṅgāni patvā sammāsatīti, balāni patvā satibalanti, piṭṭhidukaṃ <a name="P0.0135"></a> patvā sati hotīti vuttā. Evaṃ ime dve dhammā catūsu ṭhānesu vibhattā.</p>
    1276. 

  1276. <p class="bodytext">Samādhi <a name="V0.0180"></a> pana jhānaṅgāni patvā cittassekaggatā hotīti vutto, indriyāni patvā samādhindriyanti, maggaṅgāni patvā sammāsamādhīti. Balāni patvā samādhibalanti, piṭṭhidukaṃ patvā samatho avikkhepoti. Evamayaṃ eko dhammo chasu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1277. 

  1277. <p class="bodytext">Paññā pana indriyāni patvā paññindriyaṃ hotīti vuttā, maggaṅgāni patvā sammādiṭṭhīti, balāni patvā paññābalanti, mūlāni patvā amohoti, kammapathaṃ patvā sammādiṭṭhīti, piṭṭhidukaṃ patvā sampajaññaṃ vipassanāti. Evaṃ eko dhammo sattasu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1278. 

  1278. <p class="bodytext">Sace pana koci vadeyya – ‘ettha apubbaṃ nāma natthi, heṭṭhā gahitameva gaṇhitvā tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne padaṃ pūritaṃ, ananusandhikā kathā uppaṭipāṭiyā corehi ābhatabhaṇḍasadisā, goyūthena gatamagge ālulitatiṇasadisā ajānitvā kathitā’ti, so ‘māheva’nti paṭisedhetvā vattabbo – ‘buddhānaṃ desanā ananusandhikā nāma natthi, sānusandhikā va hoti. Ajānitvā kathitāpi natthi, sabbā jānitvā kathitāyeva. Sammāsambuddho hi tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ kiccaṃ jānāti, taṃ ñatvā kiccavasena vibhattiṃ āropento aṭṭhārasa dhammā ekekakiccāti ñatvā ekekasmiṃ ṭhāne vibhattiṃ āropesi. Satta dhammā dvedvekiccāti ñatvā dvīsu dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ āropesi. Vedanā tikiccāti ñatvā tīsu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ āropesi. Vīriyasatīnaṃ cattāri cattāri kiccānīti ñatvā catūsu catūsu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ āropesi. Samādhi chakiccoti ñatvā chasu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ āropesi. Paññā sattakiccāti ñatvā sattasu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ āropesi’.</p>
    1279. 

  1279. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ opammaṃ – eko kira paṇḍito rājā rahogato cintesi – ‘imaṃ rājakulasantakaṃ na yathā vā tathā vā khāditabbaṃ, sippānucchavikaṃ vetanaṃ <a name="M0.0180"></a> vaḍḍhessāmī’ti. So sabbe sippike sannipātāpetvā ‘ekekasippajānanake pakkosathā’ti āha. Evaṃ pakkosiyamānā aṭṭhārasa janā uṭṭhahiṃsu. Tesaṃ ekekaṃ paṭivīsaṃ dāpetvā vissajjesi. ‘Dve dve sippāni jānantā āgacchantū’ti vutte pana satta janā āgamaṃsu. Tesaṃ dve dve paṭivīse dāpesi. ‘Tīṇi sippāni jānantā āgacchantū’ti vutte ekova āgacchi. Tassa tayo paṭivīse dāpesi. ‘Cattāri sippāni jānantā āgacchantū’ti vutte dve janā āgamaṃsu. Tesaṃ cattāri cattāri paṭivīse dāpesi. ‘Pañca sippāni jānantā āgacchantū’ti vutte ekopi nāgacchi<a name="V0.0181"></a>. ‘Cha sippāni jānantā āgacchantū’ti vutte ekova āgacchi. Tassa cha paṭivīse dāpesi. ‘Satta sippāni jānantā <a name="P0.0136"></a> āgacchantū’ti vutte ekova āgacchi. Tassa satta paṭivīse dāpesi.</p>
    1280. 

  1280. <p class="bodytext">Tattha paṇḍito rājā viya anuttaro dhammarājā. Sippajānanakā viya cittacittaṅgavasena uppannā dhammā. Sippānucchavikavetanavaḍḍhanaṃ viya kiccavasena tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ vibhattiāropanaṃ.</p>
    1281. 

  1281. <p class="bodytext">Sabbepi panete dhammā phassapañcakavasena jhānaṅgavasena indriyavasena maggavasena balavasena mūlavasena kammapathavasena lokapālavasena passaddhivasena lahutāvasena mudutāvasena kammaññatāvasena pāguññatāvasena ujukatāvasena satisampajaññavasena samathavipassanāvasena paggāhāvikkhepavasenāti sattarasa rāsayo hontīti.</p>
    1282. 

  1282. <p class="centered">Dhammuddesavārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1283. 

  1283. <p class="title">Kāmāvacarakusalaṃ niddesavārakathā</p>
    1284. 

  1284. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. Idāni tāneva dhammuddesavāre pāḷiāruḷhāni chappaññāsa padāni vibhajitvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">‘katamo tasmiṃ samaye phasso hotī’</span>tiādinā nayena niddesavāro āraddho.</p>
    1285. 

  1285. <p class="bodytext">Tattha pucchāya tāva ayamattho – yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ somanassasahagataṃ tihetukaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ <a name="M0.0181"></a> samaye phasso hotīti vutto, katamo so phassoti iminā nayena sabbapucchāsu attho veditabbo.</p>
    1286. 

  1286. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yo tasmiṃ samaye phasso</span>ti tasmiṃ samaye yo phusanakavasena uppanno phasso, so <span class="bld">phasso</span>ti. Idaṃ phassassa sabhāvadīpanato sabhāvapadaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Phusanā</span>ti phusanākāro. <span class="bld">Samphusanā</span>ti phusanākārova upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vutto. <span class="bld">Samphusitatta</span>nti samphusitabhāvo. Ayaṃ panettha yojanā <a name="V0.0182"></a> – yo tasmiṃ samaye phusanakavasena phasso, yā tasmiṃ samaye phusanā, yā tasmiṃ samaye samphusanā, yaṃ tasmiṃ samaye samphusitattaṃ; atha vā, yo tasmiṃ samaye phusanavasena phasso, aññenāpi pariyāyena phusanā samphusanā samphusitattanti vuccati, ayaṃ tasmiṃ samaye phasso hotīti. Vedanādīnampi niddesesu imināva nayena padayojanā veditabbā.</p>
    1287. 

  1287. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ panettha sabbasādhāraṇo vibhattivinicchayo. Yānimāni bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ <a name="P0.0137"></a> mahācittaṃ bhājetvā dassentena atirekapaṇṇāsapadāni mātikāvasena ṭhapetvā puna ekekapadaṃ gahetvā vibhattiṃ āropitāni, tāni vibhattiṃ gacchantāni tīhi kāraṇehi vibhattiṃ gacchanti; nānā hontāni catūhi kāraṇehi nānā bhavanti. Aparadīpanā panettha dve ṭhānāni gacchati. Kathaṃ? Etānihi byañjanavasena upasaggavasena atthavasenāti imehi tīhi kāraṇehi vibhattiṃ gacchanti. Tattha kodho kujjhanā kujjhitattaṃ, doso dussanā dussitattanti evaṃ byañjanavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ettha hi ekova kodho byañjanavasena evaṃ vibhattiṃ gato. Cāro vicāro anuvicāro upavicāroti evaṃ pana upasaggavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paṇḍiccaṃ kosallaṃ nepuññaṃ vebhabyā cintā upaparikkhāti evaṃ atthavasena vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tesu phassapadaniddese tāva imā tissopi vibhattiyo labbhanti. ‘Phasso phusanā’ti hi byañjanavasena vibhattigamanaṃ hoti. ‘Samphusanā’ti upasaggavasena. ‘Samphusitatta’nti atthavasena. Iminā nayena sabbapadaniddesesu vibhattigamanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1288. 

  1288. <p class="bodytext">Nānā hontānipi pana nāmanānattena lakkhaṇanānattena kiccanānattena paṭikkhepanānattenāti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi nānā honti. Tattha katamo tasmiṃ samaye byāpādo hoti? Yo tasmiṃ <a name="M0.0182"></a> samaye doso dussanāti (dha. sa. 419) ettha byāpādoti vā, dosoti vā, dvepi ete kodho eva, nāmena nānattaṃ gatāti. Evaṃ ‘nāmanānattena’ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1289. 

  1289. <p class="bodytext">Rāsaṭṭhena ca pañcapi khandhā ekova khandho hoti. Ettha pana rūpaṃ ruppanalakkhaṇaṃ, vedanā vedayitalakkhaṇā, saññā sañjānanalakkhaṇā, cetanā cetayitalakkhaṇā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇanti iminā lakkhaṇanānattena pañcakkhandhā honti. Evaṃ ‘lakkhaṇanānattena’ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1290. 

  1290. <p class="bodytext">Cattāro <a name="V0.0183"></a> sammappadhānā – ‘‘idha bhikkhu anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya…pe… <a name="P0.0138"></a> cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahatī’’ti (vibha. 390; dī. ni. 2.402) ekameva vīriyaṃ kiccanānattena catūsu ṭhānesu āgataṃ. Evaṃ ‘kiccanānattena’ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1291. 

  1291. <p class="bodytext">Cattāro asaddhammā – kodhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, makkhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, lābhagarutā na saddhammagarutā, sakkāragarutā na saddhammagarutāti, evamādīsu (a. ni. 4.44) pana ‘paṭikkhepanānattena’ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1292. 

  1292. <p class="bodytext">Imāni pana cattāri nānattāni na phasseyeva labbhanti, sabbesupi phassapañcakādīsu labbhanti. Phassassa hi phassoti nāmaṃ…pe… cittassa cittanti. Phasso ca phusanalakkhaṇo, vedanā vedayitalakkhaṇā, saññā sañjānanalakkhaṇā, cetanā cetayitalakkhaṇā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ. Tathā phasso phusanakicco, vedanā anubhavanakiccā, saññā sañjānanakiccā, cetanā cetayitakiccā, viññāṇaṃ vijānanakiccanti. Evaṃ kiccanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1293. 

  1293. <p class="bodytext">Paṭikkhepanānattaṃ phassapañcamake natthi. Alobhādiniddese pana alobho alubbhanā alubbhitattantiādinā nayena labbhatīti evaṃ paṭikkhepanānattena nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ sabbapadaniddesesu labbhamānavasena catubbidhampi nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1294. 

  1294. <p class="bodytext">Aparadīpanā pana padatthuti vā hoti daḷhīkammaṃ vāti evaṃ dve ṭhānāni gacchati. Yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷentena viya hi sakimeva phassoti vutte etaṃ padaṃ phullitamaṇḍitavibhūsitaṃ nāma na hoti. Punappunaṃ byañjanavasena upasaggavasena <a name="M0.0183"></a> atthavasena ‘phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitatta’nti vutte phullitamaṇḍitavibhūsitaṃ nāma hoti. Yathā hi daharakumāraṃ nhāpetvā, manoramaṃ vatthaṃ paridahāpetvā pupphāni piḷandhāpetvā akkhīni añjetvā athassa nalāṭe ekameva manosilābinduṃ kareyyuṃ, tassa na ettāvatā cittatilako nāma hoti. Nānāvaṇṇehi pana parivāretvā bindūsu katesu cittatilako nāma hoti. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ ‘padatthuti’ nāma.</p>
    1295. 

  1295. <p class="bodytext">Byañjanavasena <a name="V0.0184"></a> upasaggavasena atthavasena ca punappunaṃ bhaṇanameva daḷhīkammaṃ nāma. Yathā hi ‘āvuso’ti vā ‘bhante’ti vā ‘yakkho’ti vā ‘sappo’ti <a name="P0.0139"></a> vā vutte daḷhīkammaṃ nāma na hoti. ‘Āvuso āvuso’‘bhante bhante’‘yakkho yakkho’‘sappo sappo’ti vutte pana daḷhīkammaṃ nāma hoti. Evameva sakideva yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷentena viya ‘phasso’ti vutte padaṃ daḷhīkammaṃ nāma na hoti. Punappunaṃ byañjanavasena upasaggavasena atthavasena ‘phasso phusanā samphusanā samphusitatta’nti vutteyeva ‘daḷhīkammaṃ’ nāma hotīti. Evaṃ aparadīpanā dve ṭhānāni gacchati. Etassāpi vasena labbhamānakapadaniddesesu sabbattha attho veditabbo.</p>
    1296. 

  1296. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ayaṃ tasmiṃ samaye phasso hotī</span>ti yasmiṃ samaye paṭhamaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ mahākusalacittaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ samaye ayaṃ phasso nāma hotīti attho. Ayaṃ tāva phassapadaniddesassa vaṇṇanā. Ito paresu pana vedanādīnaṃ padānaṃ niddesesu visesamattameva vaṇṇayissāma. Sesaṃ idha vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1297. 

  1297. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi katamā tasmiṃ samaye vedanā hotīti āraddhaṃ, ‘sātapadavasena pana ‘ya’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassaja</span>nti ettha <span class="bld">‘tajjā’</span> vuccati tassa sātasukhassa anucchavikā sāruppā. Anucchavikatthopi hi ayaṃ ‘tajjā’-saddo hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ mantetī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.246). Tehi vā rūpādīhi ārammaṇehi imassa ca sukhassa paccayehi jātātipi tajjā. Manoviññāṇameva nissattaṭṭhena dhātūti manoviññāṇadhātu. Samphassato jātaṃ, samphasse vā jātanti samphassajaṃ. Cittanissitattā cetasikaṃ. Madhuraṭṭhena <a name="M0.0184"></a> sātaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ tasmiṃ samaye yathāvuttena atthena tajjāya manoviññāṇadhātuyā samphassajaṃ cetasikaṃ sātaṃ, ayaṃ tasmiṃ samaye vedanā hotīti. Evaṃ sabbapadehi saddhiṃ yojanā veditabbā.</p>
    1298. 

  1298. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">cetasikaṃ sukha</span>ntiādīsu cetasikapadena kāyikasukhaṃ paṭikkhipati, sukhapadena cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetosamphassaja</span>nti cittasamphasse jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Sātaṃ sukhaṃ vedayita</span>nti <a name="P0.0140"></a> sātaṃ vedayitaṃ, na asātaṃ vedayitaṃ; sukhaṃ vedayitaṃ, na dukkhaṃ vedayitaṃ. Parato tīṇi padāni itthiliṅgavasena vuttāni. Sātā vedanā, na asātā; sukhā vedanā, na dukkhāti. Ayameva panettha attho.</p>
    1299. 

  1299. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Saññāniddese <a name="V0.0185"></a> <span class="bld">tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajā</span>ti tassākusalasaññāya anucchavikāya manoviññāṇadhātuyā samphassamhi jātā. <span class="bld">Saññā</span>ti sabhāvanāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Sañjānanā</span>ti sañjānanākāro. <span class="bld">Sañjānitatta</span>nti sañjānitabhāvo.</p>
    1300. 

  1300. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. <span class="bld">Cetanāniddese</span>pi imināva nayena veditabbo.</p>
    1301. 

  1301. <p class="bodytext">Cittaniddese cittavicittatāya cittaṃ. Ārammaṇaṃ minamānaṃ jānātīti <span class="bld">mano. Mānasa</span>nti mano eva. ‘‘Antalikkhacaro pāso yvāyaṃ carati mānaso’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.151; mahāva. 33) hi ettha pana sampayuttakadhammo ‘mānaso’ti vutto.</p>
    1302. 

  1302. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Kathañhi bhagavā tuyhaṃ, sāvako sāsane rato;</p>
    1303. 

  1303. <p class="gathalast">Appattamānaso sekkho, kālaṃ kayirā jane sutā’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.159);</p>
    1304. 

  1304. <p class="bodytext">Ettha arahattaṃ ‘mānasa’nti vuttaṃ. Idha pana ‘manova’ mānasaṃ. Byañjanavasena hetaṃ padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ.</p>
    1305. 

  1305. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Hadaya</span>nti cittaṃ. ‘‘Cittaṃ vā te khipissāmi, hadayaṃ vā te phālessāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.237; su. ni. āḷavakasutta) ettha uro hadayanti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Hadayā hadayaṃ maññe aññāya tacchatī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.63) ettha cittaṃ. ‘‘Vakkaṃ hadaya’’nti (dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110) ettha hadayavatthu. Idha <a name="M0.0185"></a> pana cittameva abbhantaraṭṭhena ‘hadaya’nti vuttaṃ. Tameva parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇḍaraṃ</span>. Bhavaṅgaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘pabhassaramidaṃ, bhikkhave, cittaṃ, tañca kho āgantukehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭha’’nti (a. ni. 1.49). Tato nikkhantattā pana akusalampi, gaṅgāya nikkhantā nadī gaṅgā viya, godhāvarito nikkhantā godhāvarī viya ca, paṇḍarantveva vuttaṃ.</p>
    1306. 

  1306. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mano manāyatana</span>nti idha pana manoggahaṇaṃ manasseva āyatanabhāvadīpanatthaṃ. Tenetaṃ dīpeti – ‘nayidaṃ devāyatanaṃ viya manassa āyatanattā manāyatanaṃ, atha kho mano eva āyatanaṃ <a name="V0.0186"></a> manāyatana’nti. Tattha nivāsaṭhānaṭṭhena ākaraṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭhānaṭṭhena <a name="P0.0141"></a> sañjātidesaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhena ca āyatanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi loke ‘issarāyatanaṃ vāsudevāyatana’ntiādīsu nivāsaṭṭhānaṃ āyatananti vuccati. ‘Suvaṇṇāyatanaṃ rajatāyatana’ntiādīsu ākaro. Sāsane pana ‘‘manorame āyatane sevanti naṃ vihaṅgamā’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 5.38) samosaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ. ‘‘Dakkhiṇāpatho gunnaṃ āyatana’’ntiādīsu sañjātideso. ‘‘Tatra tatreva sakkhibhabbataṃ pāpuṇāti sati satiāyatane’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 3.158) kāraṇaṃ. Idha pana sañjātidesaṭṭhena samosaraṇaṭhānaṭṭhena kāraṇaṭṭhenāti tidhāpi vaṭṭati.</p>
    1307. 

  1307. <p class="bodytext">Phassādayo hi dhammā ettha sañjāyantīti sañjātidesaṭṭhenapi etaṃ āyatanaṃ. Bahiddhā rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbā ārammaṇabhāvenettha osarantīti samosaraṇaṭhānaṭṭhenapi āyatanaṃ. Phassādīnaṃ pana sahajātādipaccayaṭṭhena kāraṇattā kāraṇaṭṭhenapi āyatananti veditabbaṃ. Manindriyaṃ vuttatthameva.</p>
    1308. 

  1308. <p class="bodytext">Vijānātīti viññāṇaṃ viññāṇameva khandho <span class="bld">viññāṇakkhandho</span>. Tassa rāsiādivasena attho veditabbo. Mahāudakakkhandhotveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchatīti (a. ni. 4.51). Ettha hi rāsaṭṭhena khandho vutto. ‘‘Sīlakkhandho samādhikkhandho’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 3.355) guṇaṭṭhena. ‘‘Addasā kho bhagavā mahantaṃ dārukkhandha’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.241) ettha paṇṇattimattaṭṭhena. Idha pana ruḷhito khandho vutto. Rāsaṭṭhena hi viññāṇakkhandhassa <a name="M0.0186"></a> ekadeso ekaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Tasmā yathā rukkhassa ekadesaṃ chindanto rukkhaṃ chindatīti vuccati, evameva viññāṇakkhandhassa ekadesabhūtaṃ ekampi viññāṇaṃ ruḷhito viññāṇakkhandhoti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1309. 

  1309. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātū</span>ti tesaṃ phassādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ anucchavikā manoviññāṇadhātu. Imasmiñhi pade ekameva cittaṃ minanaṭṭhena mano, vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇaṃ, sabhāvaṭṭhena nissattaṭṭhena vā dhātūti tīhi nāmehi vuttaṃ. Iti imasmiṃ phassapañcamake phasso tāva yasmā phasso eva, na tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajo, cittañca yasmā tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātu eva, tasmā imasmiṃ padadvaye <a name="P0.0142"></a> ‘tajjāmanoviññāṇadhātusamphassajā’ti paññatti na āropitā. Vitakkapadādīsu pana labbhamānāpi idha pacchinnattā na uddhaṭā.</p>
    1310. 

  1310. <p class="bodytext">Imesañca <a name="V0.0187"></a> pana phassapañcamakānaṃ dhammānaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ vinibbhogaṃ katvā paññattiṃ uddharamānena bhagavatā dukkaraṃ kataṃ. Nānāudakānañhi nānātelānaṃ vā ekabhājane pakkhipitvā divasaṃ nimmathitānaṃ vaṇṇa gandharasānaṃ nānatāya disvā vā ghāyitvā vā sāyitvā vā nānākaraṇaṃ sakkā bhaveyya ñātuṃ. Evaṃ santepi taṃ dukkaranti vuttaṃ. Sammāsambuddhena pana imesaṃ arūpīnaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ ekārammaṇe pavattamānānaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ vinibbhogaṃ katvā paññattiṃ uddharamānena atidukkaraṃ kataṃ. Tenāha <span class="bld">āyasmā nāgasenatthero</span> –</p>
    1311. 

  1311. <p class="indent">‘‘Dukkaraṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā katanti. ‘Kiṃ, bhante nāgasena, bhagavatā dukkaraṃ kata’nti. ‘Dukkaraṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā kataṃ, yaṃ imesaṃ arūpīnaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ ekārammaṇe pavattamānānaṃ vavatthānaṃ akkhātaṃ – ayaṃ phasso, ayaṃ vedanā, ayaṃ saññā, ayaṃ cetanā, idaṃ citta’nti. ‘Opammaṃ, bhante, karohī’ti. ‘Yathā, mahārāja, kocideva puriso nāvāya samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā hatthapuṭena udakaṃ gahetvā jivhāya sāyitvā jāneyya nu kho, mahārāja, so puriso – idaṃ gaṅgāya udakaṃ, idaṃ yamunāya udakaṃ, idaṃ aciravatiyā udakaṃ, idaṃ sarabhuyā udakaṃ, idaṃ mahiyā udaka’nti? ‘Dukkaraṃ, bhante, jānitu’nti. ‘Tato dukkarataraṃ <a name="M0.0187"></a> kho, mahārāja, bhagavatā kataṃ yaṃ imesaṃ arūpīnaṃ cittacetasikānaṃ dhammānaṃ…pe… idaṃ citta’’’nti (mi. pa. 2.7.16).</p>
    1312. 

  1312. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. Vitakkaniddese takkanavasena <span class="bld">takko</span>. Tassa tittakaṃ takkesi kumbhaṃ takkesi sakaṭaṃ takkesi yojanaṃ takkesi addhayojanaṃ takkesīti evaṃ takkanavasena pavatti veditabbā. Idaṃ takkassa sabhāvapadaṃ. Vitakkanavasena <span class="bld">vitakko</span>. Balavataratakkassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Suṭṭhu kappanavasena <span class="bld">saṅkappo</span>. Ekaggaṃ cittaṃ ārammaṇe appetīti <span class="bld">appanā</span>. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ<a name="P0.0143"></a>. Balavatarā vā appanā <span class="bld">byappanā</span>. Ārammaṇe cittaṃ abhiniropeti patiṭṭhāpetīti <span class="bld">cetaso abhiniropanā</span>. Yāthāvatāya niyyānikatāya ca kusalabhāvappatto pasattho saṅkappoti <span class="bld">sammāsaṅkappo</span>.</p>
    1313. 

  1313. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. Vicāraniddese ārammaṇe caraṇakavasena <span class="bld">cāro</span>. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. Vicaraṇavasena <span class="bld">vicāro</span><a name="V0.0188"></a>. Anugantvā vicaraṇavasena <span class="bld">anuvicāro</span>. Upagantvā vicaraṇavasena <span class="bld">upavicāro</span>ti. Upasaggavasena vā padāni vaḍḍhitāni. Ārammaṇe cittaṃ, saraṃ viya jiyāya, anusandahitvā ṭhapanato cittassa <span class="bld">anusandhānatā</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ anupekkhamāno viya tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">anupekkhanatā</span>. Vicaraṇavasena vā upekkhanatā anupekkhanatā.</p>
    1314. 

  1314. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. Pītiniddese <span class="bld">pītī</span>ti sabhāvapadaṃ. Pamuditassa bhāvo <span class="bld">pāmojjaṃ</span>. Āmodanākāro <span class="bld">āmodanā</span>. Pamodanākāro <span class="bld">pamodanā</span>. Yathā vā bhesajjānaṃ vā telānaṃ vā uṇhodakasītodakānaṃ vā ekatokaraṇaṃ modanāti vuccati, evamayampi pīti dhammānaṃ ekatokaraṇena modanā. Upasaggavasena pana maṇḍetvā āmodanā pamodanāti vuttā. Hāsetīti <span class="bld">hāso</span>. Pahāsetīti <span class="bld">pahāso</span>. Haṭṭhapahaṭṭhākārānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vittīti vittaṃ; dhanassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Ayaṃ pana somanassapaccayattā vittisarikkhatāya <span class="bld">vitti</span>. Yathā hi dhanino dhanaṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati, evaṃ pītimatopi pītiṃ paṭicca somanassaṃ uppajjati, tasmā vittīti vuttā. Tuṭṭhisabhāvasaṇṭhitāya pītiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. Pītimā pana puggalo kāyacittānaṃ uggatattā abbhuggatattā udaggoti vuccati<a name="M0.0188"></a>. Udaggassa bhāvo <span class="bld">odagyaṃ</span>. Attano manatā <span class="bld">attamanatā</span>. Anabhiraddhassa hi mano dukkhapadaṭṭhānattā attano mano nāma na hoti, abhiraddhassa pana sukhapadaṭṭhānattā attano mano nāma hoti. Iti attano manatā attamanatā, sakamanatā. Sakamanassa bhāvoti attho. Sā pana yasmā na aññassa kassaci attano manatā, cittasseva paneso bhāvo, cetasiko dhammo, tasmā <span class="bld">attamanatā cittassā</span>ti vuttā.</p>
    1315. 

  1315. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. Ekaggatāniddese acalabhāvena ārammaṇe tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">ṭhiti</span>. Parato padadvayaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. Apica sampayuttadhamme ārammaṇamhi sampiṇḍetvā tiṭṭhatīti <a name="P0.0144"></a> <span class="bld">saṇṭhiti</span>. Ārammaṇaṃ ogāhetvā anupavisitvā tiṭṭhatīti <span class="bld">avaṭṭhiti</span>. Kusalapakkhasmiñhi cattāro dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti – saddhā sati samādhi paññāti. Teneva saddhā okappanāti vuttā, sati apilāpanatāti, samādhi avaṭṭhitīti, paññā pariyogāhanāti. Akusalapakkhe pana tayo dhammā ārammaṇaṃ ogāhanti – taṇhā diṭṭhi avijjāti. Teneva te oghāti vuttā. Cittekaggatā panettha na balavatī hoti. Yathā hi rajuṭṭhānaṭṭhāne udakena siñcitvā sammaṭṭhe thokameva kālaṃ rajo sannisīdati, sukkhante sukkhante puna pakatibhāvena vuṭṭhāti, evameva akusalapakkhe cittekaggatā na balavatī hoti. Yathā pana tasmiṃ ṭhāne ghaṭehi udakaṃ āsiñcitvā <a name="V0.0189"></a> kudālena khanitvā ākoṭanamaddanaghaṭṭanāni katvā upalitte ādāse viya chāyā paññāyati, vassasatātikkamepi taṃmuhuttakataṃ viya hoti, evameva kusalapakkhe cittekaggatā balavatī hoti.</p>
    1316. 

  1316. <p class="bodytext">Uddhaccavicikicchāvasena pavattassa visāhārassa paṭipakkhato <span class="bld">avisāhāro</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva gacchantaṃ cittaṃ vikkhipati nāma. Ayaṃ pana tathāvidho vikkhepo na hotīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvaseneva ca cittaṃ visāhaṭaṃ nāma hoti, ito cito ca harīyati. Ayaṃ pana evaṃ avisāhaṭassa mānasassa bhāvoti <span class="bld">avisāhaṭamānasatā</span>.</p>
    1317. 

  1317. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatho</span>ti tividho samatho – cittasamatho, adhikaraṇasamatho, sabbasaṅkhārasamathoti. Tattha aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu cittekaggatā cittasamatho <a name="M0.0189"></a> nāma. Tañhi āgamma cittacalanaṃ cittavipphanditaṃ sammati vūpasammati, tasmā so <span class="bld">cittasamatho</span>ti vuccati. Sammukhāvinayādisattavidho samatho adhikaraṇasamatho nāma. Tañhi āgamma tāni tāni adhikaraṇāni sammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā so <span class="bld">adhikaraṇasamatho</span>ti vuccati. Yasmā pana sabbe saṅkhārā nibbānaṃ āgamma sammanti vūpasammanti, tasmā taṃ <span class="bld">sabbasaṅkhārasamatho</span>ti vuccati. Imasmiṃ atthe cittasamatho adhippeto. Samādhilakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">samādhindriyaṃ</span>. Uddhacce na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ. Sammāsamādhī</span>ti yāthāvasamādhi niyyānikasamādhi kusalasamādhi.</p>
    1318. 

  1318. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. Saddhindriyaniddese <a name="P0.0145"></a> buddhādiguṇānaṃ saddahanavasena <span class="bld">saddhā</span>. Buddhādīni vā ratanāni saddahati pattiyāyatīti saddhā. <span class="bld">Saddahanā</span>ti saddahanākāro. Buddhādīnaṃ guṇe ogāhati, bhinditvā viya anupavisatīti <span class="bld">okappanā</span>. Buddhādīnaṃ guṇesu etāya sattā ativiya pasīdanti, sayaṃ vā abhippasīdatīti <span class="bld">abhippasādo</span>. Idāni yasmā saddhindriyādīnaṃ samāsapadānaṃ vasena aññasmiṃ pariyāye āraddhe ādipadaṃ gahetvāva padabhājanaṃ karīyati – ayaṃ abhidhamme dhammatā – tasmā puna <span class="bld">saddhā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā vā itthiyā indriyaṃ itthindriyaṃ, na tathā idaṃ. Idaṃ pana saddhāva indriyaṃ saddhindriyanti. Evaṃ samānādhikaraṇabhāvañāpanatthampi puna saddhāti vuttaṃ. Evaṃ sabbapadaniddesesu ādipadassa puna vacane payojanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Adhimokkhalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">saddhindriyaṃ</span>. Asaddhiye na kampatīti <span class="bld">saddhābalaṃ</span>.</p>
    1319. 

  1319. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para13"></a><span class="paranum">13</span>. Vīriyindriyaniddese <a name="V0.0190"></a> <span class="bld">cetasiko</span>ti idaṃ vīriyassa niyamato cetasikabhāvadīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Idañhi vīriyaṃ ‘‘yadapi, bhikkhave, kāyikaṃ vīriyaṃ tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, yadapi cetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ tadapi vīriyasambojjhaṅgoti. Itihidaṃ uddesaṃ gacchatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.233) evamādīsu suttesu caṅkamādīni karontassa uppannattā ‘kāyika’nti vuccamānampi kāyaviññāṇaṃ viya kāyikaṃ nāma natthi, cetasikameva panetanti dassetuṃ ‘cetasiko’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Vīriyārambho</span>ti vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho. Iminā sesārambhe paṭikkhipati. Ayañhi ‘ārambha’-saddo kamme āpattiyaṃ kiriyāyaṃ vīriye hiṃsāya vikopaneti anekesu atthesu āgato.</p>
    1320. 

  1320. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃkiñci <a name="M0.0190"></a> dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayā;</p>
    1321. 

  1321. <p class="gathalast">Ārambhānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo’’ti. (su. ni. 749);</p>
    1322. 

  1322. <p class="bodytext">Ettha hi kammaṃ ‘ārambho’ti āgataṃ. ‘‘Ārambhati ca vippaṭisārī ca hotī’’ti (a. ni. 5.142; pu. pa. 191) ettha āpatti. ‘‘Mahāyaññā mahārambhā na te honti mahapphalā’’ti (a. ni. 4.39; saṃ. ni. 1.120) ettha yūpussāpanādikiriyā. ‘‘Ārambhatha <a name="P0.0146"></a> nikkamatha yuñjatha buddhasāsane’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.185) ettha vīriyaṃ. ‘‘Samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhantī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.51-52) ettha hiṃsā. ‘‘Bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.10; ma. ni. 1.293) ettha chedanabhañjanādikaṃ vikopanaṃ. Idha pana vīriyameva adhippetaṃ. Tenāha – ‘vīriyārambhoti vīriyasaṅkhāto ārambho’ti. Vīriyañhi ārambhanakavasena ārambhoti vuccati. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. Kosajjato nikkhamanavasena <span class="bld">nikkamo</span>. Paraṃ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanavasena <span class="bld">parakkamo</span>. Uggantvā yamanavasena <span class="bld">uyyāmo</span>. Byāyamanavasena <span class="bld">vāyāmo</span>. Ussāhanavasena <span class="bld">ussāho</span>. Adhimattussāhanavasena <span class="bld">ussoḷhī</span>. Thirabhāvaṭṭhena <span class="bld">thāmo</span>. Cittacetasikānaṃ dhāraṇavasena avicchedato vā pavattanavasena kusalasantānaṃ dhāretīti <span class="bld">dhiti</span>.</p>
    1323. 

  1323. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – nikkamo ceso kāmānaṃ panudanāya, parakkamo ceso bandhanacchedāya, uyyāmo ceso oghanittharaṇāya, vāyāmo ceso pāraṅgamanaṭṭhena, ussāho ceso pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena, ussoḷhī <a name="V0.0191"></a> ceso adhimattaṭṭhena, thāmo ceso palighugghāṭanatāya, dhiti ceso avaṭṭhitikāritāyāti.</p>
    1324. 

  1324. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatū’’ti (ma. ni. 2.184; saṃ. ni. 2.22, 237; a. ni. 2.5; mahāni. 196; cūḷani. khaggavisāṇasuttaniddesa 154) evaṃ pavattikāle asithilaparakkamavasena <span class="bld">asithilaparakkamatā;</span> thiraparakkamo, daḷhaparakkamoti attho. Yasmā panetaṃ vīriyaṃ kusalakammakaraṇaṭṭhāne chandaṃ na nikkhipati, dhuraṃ na nikkhipati, na otāreti, na vissajjeti, anosakkitamānasataṃ āvahati, tasmā <span class="bld">anikkhittachandatā anikkhittadhuratā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā pana tajjātike udakasambhinnaṭṭhāne dhuravāhagoṇaṃ gaṇhathāti vadanti<a name="M0.0191"></a>, so jaṇṇunā bhūmiṃ uppīḷetvāpi dhuraṃ vahati, bhūmiyaṃ patituṃ na deti, evameva vīriyaṃ kusalakammakaraṇaṭṭhāne dhuraṃ ukkhipati paggaṇhāti, tasmā <span class="bld">dhurasampaggāho</span>ti vuttaṃ. Paggahalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">vīriyindriyaṃ</span>. Kosajje <a name="P0.0147"></a> na kampatīti <span class="bld">vīriyabalaṃ</span>. Yāthāvaniyyānikakusalavāyāmatāya <span class="bld">sammāvāyāmo</span>.</p>
    1325. 

  1325. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para14"></a><span class="paranum">14</span>. Satindriyaniddese saraṇakavasena <span class="bld">sati</span>. Idaṃ satiyā sabhāvapadaṃ. Punappunaṃ saraṇato anussaraṇavasena <span class="bld">anussati</span>. Abhimukhaṃ gantvā viya saraṇato paṭisaraṇavasena <span class="bld">paṭissati</span>. Upasaggavasena vā vaḍḍhitamattametaṃ. Saraṇākāro <span class="bld">saraṇatā</span>. Yasmā pana saraṇatāti tiṇṇaṃ saraṇānampi nāmaṃ, tasmā taṃ paṭisedhetuṃ puna satiggahaṇaṃ kataṃ. Satisaṅkhātā saraṇatāti ayañhettha attho. Sutapariyattassa dhāraṇabhāvato <span class="bld">dhāraṇatā</span>. Anupavisanasaṅkhātena ogāhanaṭṭhena apilāpanabhāvo <span class="bld">apilāpanatā</span>. Yathā hi lābukaṭāhādīni udake plavanti, na anupavisanti, na tathā ārammaṇe sati. Ārammaṇañhesā anupavisati, tasmā <span class="bld">apilāpanatā</span>ti vuttā. Cirakatacirabhāsitānaṃ asammussanabhāvato <span class="bld">asammussanatā</span>. Upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇe jotanalakkhaṇe ca indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Satisaṅkhātaṃ indriyaṃ <span class="bld">satindriyaṃ</span>. Pamāde na kampatīti <span class="bld">satibalaṃ</span>. Yāthāvasati niyyānikasati kusalasatīti <span class="bld">sammāsati</span>.</p>
    1326. 

  1326. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para16"></a><span class="paranum">16</span>. Paññindriyaniddese tassa tassa atthassa pākaṭakaraṇasaṅkhātena paññāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paññā</span>. Tena tena vā aniccādinā pakārena dhamme jānātītipi paññā. Idamassā sabhāvapadaṃ. Pajānanākāro <span class="bld">pajānanā</span>. Aniccādīni vicinātīti <span class="bld">vicayo. Pavicayo</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ<a name="V0.0192"></a>. Catusaccadhamme vicinātīti <span class="bld">dhammavicayo</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ sallakkhaṇavasena <span class="bld">sallakkhaṇā</span>. Sāyeva puna upasagganānattena <span class="bld">upalakkhaṇā paccupalakkhaṇā</span>ti vuttā. Paṇḍitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">paṇḍiccaṃ</span>. Kusalassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kosallaṃ</span>. Nipuṇassa bhāvo <span class="bld">nepuññaṃ</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ vibhāvanavasena <span class="bld">vebhabyā</span>. Aniccādīnaṃ cintanakavasena <span class="bld">cintā</span>. Yassa vā uppajjati taṃ aniccādīni cintāpetītipi cintā. Aniccādīni upaparikkhatīti <span class="bld">upaparikkhā. Bhūrī</span>ti pathaviyā <a name="M0.0192"></a> nāmaṃ. Ayampi saṇhaṭṭhena vitthaṭaṭṭhena ca bhūrī viyāti <span class="bld">bhūrī</span>. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘bhūrī vuccati pathavī<a name="P0.0148"></a>. Tāya pathavīsamāya vitthaṭāya vipulāya paññāya samannāgatoti bhūripaññoti (mahāni. 27). Apica paññāya etaṃ adhivacanaṃ bhūrī’’ti. Bhūte atthe ramatītipi bhūrī. Asani viya siluccaye kilese medhati hiṃsatīti <span class="bld">medhā</span>. Khippaṃ gahaṇadhāraṇaṭṭhena vā <span class="bld">medhā</span>. Yassa uppajjati taṃ attahitapaṭipattiyaṃ sampayuttadhamme ca yāthāvalakkhaṇapaṭivedhe parinetīti <span class="bld">pariṇāyikā</span>. Aniccādivasena dhamme vipassatīti <span class="bld">vipassanā</span>. Sammā pakārehi aniccādīni jānātīti <span class="bld">sampajaññaṃ</span>. Uppathapaṭipanne sindhave vīthiāropanatthaṃ patodo viya uppathe dhāvanakaṃ kūṭacittaṃ vīthiāropanatthaṃ vijjhatīti patodo viya <span class="bld">patodo</span>. Dassanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti indriyaṃ. Paññāsaṅkhātaṃ indriyaṃ <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>. Avijjāya na kampatīti <span class="bld">paññābalaṃ</span>. Kilesacchedanaṭṭhena paññāva satthaṃ <span class="bld">paññāsatthaṃ</span>. Accuggataṭṭhena paññāva pāsādo <span class="bld">paññāpāsādo</span>.</p>
    1327. 

  1327. <p class="bodytext">Ālokanaṭṭhena paññāva āloko <span class="bld">paññāāloko</span>. Obhāsanaṭṭhena paññāva obhāso <span class="bld">paññāobhāso</span>. Pajjotanaṭṭhena paññāva pajjoto <span class="bld">paññāpajjoto</span>. Paññavato hi ekapallaṅkena nisinnassa dasasahassilokadhātu ekālokā ekobhāsā ekapajjotā hoti, tenetaṃ vuttaṃ. Imesu pana tīsu padesu ekapadenapi etasmiṃ atthe siddhe, yāni panetāni ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, ālokā. Katame cattāro? Candāloko sūriyāloko agyāloko paññāloko. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro ālokā. Etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, imesaṃ catunnaṃ ālokānaṃ yadidaṃ paññāloko’’. Tathā ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, obhāsā…pe… cattārome, bhikkhave, pajjotā’’ti (a. ni. 4.144) sattānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena suttāni desitāni, tadanurūpeneva idhāpi desanā katā. Attho hi anekehi ākārehi vibhajjamāno suvibhatto hoti. Aññathā ca añño bujjhati, aññathā ca aññoti.</p>
    1328. 

  1328. <p class="bodytext">Ratikaraṇaṭṭhena pana ratidāyakaṭṭhena ratijanakaṭṭhena cittīkataṭṭhena dullabhapātubhāvaṭṭhena atulaṭṭhena <a name="V0.0193"></a> anomasattaparibhogaṭṭhena ca paññāva ratanaṃ <span class="bld">paññāratanaṃ</span>. Na tena sattā muyhanti, sayaṃ vā ārammaṇe na muyhatīti <a name="M0.0193"></a> <span class="bld">amoho. Dhammavicayapadaṃ</span> vuttatthameva. Kasmā panetaṃ puna vuttanti? Amohassa mohapaṭipakkhabhāvadīpanatthaṃ<a name="P0.0149"></a>. Tenetaṃ dīpeti – yvāyaṃ amoho so na kevalaṃ mohato añño dhammo, mohassa pana paṭipakkho, dhammavicayasaṅkhāto amoho nāma idha adhippetoti. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhī</span>ti yāthāvaniyyānikakusaladiṭṭhi.</p>
    1329. 

  1329. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para19"></a><span class="paranum">19</span>. Jīvitindriyaniddese <span class="bld">yo tesaṃ arūpīnaṃ dhammānaṃ āyū</span>ti tesaṃ sampayuttakānaṃ arūpadhammānaṃ yo āyāpanaṭṭhena āyu, tasmiñhi sati arūpadhammā ayanti gacchanti pavattanti, tasmā āyūti vuccati. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. Yasmā panete dhammā āyusmiṃyeva sati tiṭṭhanti yapenti yāpenti iriyanti vattanti pālayanti, tasmā <span class="bld">ṭhitī</span>tiādīni vuttāni. Vacanattho panettha – etāya tiṭṭhantīti <span class="bld">ṭhiti</span>. Yapentīti <span class="bld">yapanā</span>. Tathā <span class="bld">yāpanā</span>. Evaṃ bujjhantānaṃ pana vasena purimapade rassattaṃ kataṃ. Etāya iriyantīti <span class="bld">iriyanā</span>. Vattantīti <span class="bld">vattanā</span>. Pālayantīti <span class="bld">pālanā</span>. Jīvanti etenāti <span class="bld">jīvitaṃ</span>. Anupālanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ</span>.</p>
    1330. 

  1330. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Hiribalaniddese <span class="bld">yaṃ tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti yena dhammena tasmiṃ samaye. Liṅgavipallāsaṃ vā katvā yo dhammo tasmiṃ samayetipi attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Hiriyitabbenā</span>ti upayogatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Hiriyitabbayuttakaṃ kāyaduccaritādidhammaṃ hiriyati jigucchatīti attho. <span class="bld">Pāpakāna</span>nti lāmakānaṃ. <span class="bld">Akusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti akosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpattiyā</span>ti idampi upayogatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Tesaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiṃ paṭilābhaṃ samaṅgībhāvaṃ hiriyati jigucchatīti attho.</p>
    1331. 

  1331. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. Ottappabalaniddese <span class="bld">ottappitabbenā</span>ti hetvatthe karaṇavacanaṃ. Ottappitabbayuttakena ottappassa hetubhūtena kāyaduccaritādinā vuttappakārāya ca samāpattiyā ottappassa hetubhūtāya ottappati, bhāyatīti attho.</p>
    1332. 

  1332. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. Alobhaniddese alubbhanakavasena <span class="bld">alobho</span>. Na lubbhatītipi alobho. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Alubbhanā</span>ti alubbhanākāro. Lobhasamaṅgī puggalo lubbhito nāma. Na lubbhito alubbhito<a name="M0.0194"></a><a name="V0.0194"></a>. Alubbhitassa <a name="P0.0150"></a> bhāvo <span class="bld">alubbhitattaṃ</span>. Sārāgapaṭipakkhato na sārāgoti <span class="bld">asārāgo. Asārajjanā</span>ti asārajjanākāro. Asārajjitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">asārajjitattaṃ</span>. Na abhijjhāyatīti <span class="bld">anabhijjhā. Alobho kusalamūla</span>nti alobhasaṅkhātaṃ kusalamūlaṃ. Alobho hi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ mūlaṃ paccayaṭṭhenāti kusalamūlaṃ. Kusalañca taṃ paccayaṭṭhena mūlañcātipi kusalamūlaṃ.</p>
    1333. 

  1333. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. Adosaniddese adussanakavasena <span class="bld">adoso</span>. Na dussatītipi adoso. Idamassa sabhāvapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Adussanā</span>ti adussanākāro. Adussitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">adussitattaṃ</span>. Byāpādapaṭipakkhato na byāpādoti <span class="bld">abyāpādo</span>. Kodhadukkhapaṭipakkhato na byāpajjoti <span class="bld">abyāpajjo</span>. Adosasaṅkhātaṃ kusalamūlaṃ <span class="bld">adoso kusalamūlaṃ</span>. Taṃ vuttatthameva.</p>
    1334. 

  1334. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para40-41"></a><span class="paranum">40-41</span>. Kāyapassaddhiniddesādīsu yasmā kāyoti tayo khandhā adhippetā, tasmā <span class="bld">vedanākkhandhassā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Passambhanti etāya te dhammā, vigatadarathā bhavanti, samassāsappattāti <span class="bld">passaddhi</span>. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Passambhanā</span>ti passambhanākāro. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. Passaddhisamaṅgitāya paṭippassambhitassa khandhattayassa bhāvo <span class="bld">paṭippassambhitattaṃ</span>. Sabbapadehipi tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ kilesadarathapaṭippassaddhi eva kathitā. Dutiyanayena viññāṇakkhandhassa darathapaṭippassaddhi kathitā.</p>
    1335. 

  1335. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para42-43"></a><span class="paranum">42-43</span>. <span class="bld">Lahutā</span>ti lahutākāro. <span class="bld">Lahupariṇāmatā</span>ti lahupariṇāmo etesaṃ dhammānanti lahupariṇāmā; tesaṃ bhāvo lahupariṇāmatā; sīghaṃ sīghaṃ parivattanasamatthatāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Adandhanatā</span>ti garubhāvapaṭikkhepavacanametaṃ; abhāriyatāti attho. <span class="bld">Avitthanatā</span>ti mānādikilesabhārassa abhāvena athaddhatā. Evaṃ paṭhamena tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ lahutākāro kathito. Dutiyena viññāṇakkhandhassa lahutākāro kathito.</p>
    1336. 

  1336. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para44-45"></a><span class="paranum">44-45</span>. <span class="bld">Mudutā</span>ti <a name="P0.0151"></a> mudubhāvo. <span class="bld">Maddavatā</span>ti maddavaṃ vuccati siniddhaṃ, maṭṭhaṃ; maddavassa bhāvo maddavatā. <span class="bld">Akakkhaḷatā</span>ti akakkhaḷabhāvo. <span class="bld">Akathinatā</span>ti akathinabhāvo. Idhāpi purimanayena tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, pacchimanayena viññāṇakkhandhassa mudutākārova kathito.</p>
    1337. 

  1337. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para46-47"></a><span class="paranum">46-47</span>. <span class="bld">Kammaññatā</span>ti <a name="M0.0195"></a><a name="V0.0195"></a> kammani sādhutā; kusalakiriyāya viniyogakkhamatāti attho. Sesapadadvayaṃ byañjanavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. Padadvayenāpi hi purimanayena tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, pacchimanayena viññāṇakkhandhassa kammaniyākārova kathito.</p>
    1338. 

  1338. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para48-49"></a><span class="paranum">48-49</span>. <span class="bld">Paguṇatā</span>ti paguṇabhāvo, anāturatā niggilānatāti attho. Sesapadadvayaṃ byañjanavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. Idhāpi purimanayena tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, pacchimanayena viññāṇakkhandhassa niggilānākārova kathito.</p>
    1339. 

  1339. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para50-51"></a><span class="paranum">50-51</span>. <span class="bld">Ujukatā</span>ti ujukabhāvo, ujukenākārena pavattanatāti attho. Ujukassa khandhattayassa viññāṇakkhandhassa ca bhāvo ujukatā. <span class="bld">Ajimhatā</span>ti gomuttavaṅkabhāvapaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Avaṅkatā</span>ti candalekhāvaṅkabhāvapaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Akuṭilatā</span>ti naṅgalakoṭivaṅkabhāvapaṭikkhepo.</p>
    1340. 

  1340. <p class="bodytext">Yo hi pāpaṃ katvāva ‘na karomī’ti bhāsati, so gantvā paccosakkanatāya ‘gomuttavaṅko’ nāma hoti. Yo pāpaṃ karontova ‘bhāyāmahaṃ pāpassā’ti bhāsati, so yebhuyyena kuṭilatāya ‘candalekhāvaṅko’ nāma hoti. Yo pāpaṃ karontova ‘ko pāpassa na bhāyeyyā’ti bhāsati, so nātikuṭilatāya ‘naṅgalakoṭivaṅko’ nāma hoti. Yassa vā tīṇipi kammadvārāni asuddhāni, so ‘gomuttavaṅko’ nāma hoti. Yassa yāni kānici dve, so ‘candalekhāvaṅko’ nāma. Yassa yaṃkiñci ekaṃ, so ‘naṅgalakoṭivaṅko nāma.</p>
    1341. 

  1341. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīghabhāṇakā</span> panāhu – ekacco bhikkhu sabbavaye ekavīsatiyā anesanāsu, chasu ca agocaresu carati, ayaṃ ‘gomuttavaṅko’ nāma. Eko paṭhamavaye catupārisuddhisīlaṃ paripūreti, lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo hoti, majjhimavayapacchimavayesu purimasadiso, ayaṃ <a name="P0.0152"></a> ‘candalekhāvaṅko’ nāma. Eko paṭhamavaye majjhimavayepi catupārisuddhisīlaṃ pūreti, lajjī kukkuccako sikkhākāmo hoti, pacchimavaye purimasadiso. Ayaṃ ‘naṅgalakoṭivaṅko’ nāma.</p>
    1342. 

  1342. <p class="bodytext">Tassa kilesavasena evaṃ vaṅkassa puggalassa bhāvo jimhatā vaṅkatā kuṭilatāti vuccati. Tāsaṃ paṭikkhepavasena ajimhatādikā vuttā. Khandhādhiṭṭhānāva <a name="M0.0196"></a> desanā katā. Khandhānañhi etā ajimhatādikā, no puggalassāti. Evaṃ sabbehipi imehi padehi purimanayena <a name="V0.0196"></a> tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ, pacchimanayena viññāṇakkhandhassāti arūpīnaṃ dhammānaṃ nikkilesatāya ujutākārova kathitoti veditabbo.</p>
    1343. 

  1343. <p class="bodytext">Idāni yvāyaṃ yevāpanāti appanāvāro vutto, tena dhammuddesavāre dassitānaṃ ‘yevāpanakānaṃ’yeva saṅkhepato niddeso kathito hotīti.</p>
    1344. 

  1344. <p class="centered">Niddesavārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1345. 

  1345. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā pucchā samayaniddeso dhammuddeso appanāti uddesavāre catūhi paricchedehi, pucchā samayaniddeso dhammuddeso appanāti niddesavāre catūhi paricchedehīti aṭṭhaparicchedapaṭimaṇḍito dhammavavatthānavāro niṭṭhitova hoti.</p>
    1346. 

  1346. <p class="subhead">Koṭṭhāsavāro</p>
    1347. 

  1347. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para58-120"></a><span class="paranum">58-120</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">tasmiṃ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā hontī</span>ti saṅgahavāro āraddho. So uddesaniddesapaṭiniddesānaṃ vasena tividho hoti. Tattha ‘tasmiṃ kho pana samaye cattāro khandhā’ti evamādiko uddeso. Katame tasmiṃ samaye cattāro khandhā’tiādiko niddeso. Katamo tasmiṃ samaye vedanākkhandhotiādiko paṭiniddesoti veditabbo.</p>
    1348. 

  1348. <p class="bodytext">Tattha uddesavāre cattāro khandhātiādayo tevīsati koṭṭhāsā honti. Tesaṃ evamattho veditabbo – yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ paṭhamaṃ mahākusalacittaṃ uppajjati, ye tasmiṃ samaye cittaṅgavasena uppannā, ṭhapetvā yevāpanake, pāḷiāruḷhā atirekapaṇṇāsadhammā, te sabbepi saṅgayhamānā rāsaṭṭhena cattārova khandhā honti<a name="P0.0153"></a>. Heṭṭhā vuttena āyatanaṭṭhena dve <span class="bld">āyatanāni</span> honti. Sabhāvaṭṭhena suññataṭṭhena nissattaṭṭhena dveva <span class="bld">dhātuyo</span> honti. Paccayasaṅkhātena āhāraṭṭhena <span class="bld">tayo</span>vettha dhammā <span class="bld">āhārā</span> honti. Avasesā no āhārā.</p>
    1349. 

  1349. <p class="bodytext">‘Kiṃ <a name="M0.0197"></a> panete aññamaññaṃ vā taṃsamuṭṭhānarūpassa vā paccayā na hontī’ti? ‘No na honti. Ime pana tathā ca honti, aññathā cāti samānepi paccayatte atirekapaccayā honti, tasmā <a name="V0.0197"></a> āhārāti vuttā. Kathaṃ? Etesu hi phassāhāro, yesaṃ dhammānaṃ avasesā cittacetasikā paccayā honti, tesañca paccayo hoti, tisso ca vedanā āharati. Manosañcetanāhāro tesañca paccayo hoti tayo ca bhave āharati. Viññāṇāhāro tesañca paccayo hoti paṭisandhināmarūpañca āharatī’ti. ‘Nanu ca so vipākova idaṃ pana kusalaviññāṇa’nti? ‘Kiñcāpi kusalaviññāṇaṃ, taṃsarikkhatāya pana viññāṇāhāro’tveva vuttaṃ. Upatthambhakaṭṭhena vā ime tayo āhārāti vuttā. Ime hi sampayuttadhammānaṃ, kabaḷīkārāhāro viya rūpakāyassa, upatthambhakapaccayā honti. Teneva vuttaṃ – ‘‘arūpino āhārā sampayuttakānaṃ dhammānaṃ taṃsamuṭṭhānānañca rūpānaṃ āhārapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.15).</p>
    1350. 

  1350. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nayo – ajjhattikasantatiyā visesapaccayattā kabaḷīkārāhāro ca ime ca tayo dhammā āhārāti vuttā. Visesapaccayo hi kabaḷīkārāhārabhakkhānaṃ sattānaṃ rūpakāyassa kabaḷīkāro āhāro; nāmakāye vedanāya phasso, viññāṇassa manosañcetanā, nāmarūpassa viññāṇaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
    1351. 

  1351. <p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ kāyo āhāraṭṭhitiko, āhāraṃ paṭicca tiṭṭhati, anāhāro no tiṭṭhati’’ (saṃ. ni. 5.183). Tathā phassapaccayā vedanā, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti (saṃ. ni. 2.1).</p>
    1352. 

  1352. <p class="bodytext">Adhipatiyaṭṭhena pana aṭṭheva dhammā indriyāni honti, na avasesā. Tena vuttaṃ – aṭṭhindriyāni hontīti. Upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena pañceva dhammā jhānaṅgāni honti. Tena vuttaṃ – pañcaṅgikaṃ jhānaṃ hotīti.</p>
    1353. 

  1353. <p class="bodytext">Niyyānaṭṭhena <a name="P0.0154"></a> ca hetvaṭṭhena ca pañceva dhammā maggaṅgāni honti. Tena vuttaṃ – pañcaṅgiko maggo hotīti. Kiñcāpi hi aṭṭhaṅgiko ariyamaggo, lokiyacitte <a name="M0.0198"></a> pana ekakkhaṇe tisso viratiyo na labbhanti, tasmā pañcaṅgikoti vutto. ‘Nanu ca ‘‘yathāgatamaggoti kho, bhikkhu, ariyassetaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 4.245) imasmiṃ sutte ‘yatheva lokuttaramaggo aṭṭhaṅgiko, pubbabhāgavipassanāmaggopi tatheva aṭṭhaṅgiko’ti yathāgatavacanena imassatthassa dīpitattā, lokiyamaggenāpi aṭṭhaṅgikena bhavitabbanti? Na bhavitabbaṃ<a name="V0.0198"></a>. Ayañhi suttantikadesanā nāma pariyāyadesanā. Tenāha – ‘‘pubbeva kho panassa kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ ājīvo suparisuddho hotī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.431). Ayaṃ pana nippariyāyadesanā. Lokiyacittasmiñhi tisso viratiyo ekakkhaṇe na labbhanti, tasmā ‘pañcaṅgiko’va vuttoti.</p>
    1354. 

  1354. <p class="bodytext">Akampiyaṭṭhena pana satteva dhammā balāni honti. Mūlaṭṭhena tayova dhammā hetū. Phusanaṭṭhena ekova dhammo phasso. Vedayitaṭṭhena ekova dhammo vedanā. Sañjānanaṭṭhena ekova dhammo saññā. Cetayanaṭṭhena ekova dhammo cetanā. Cittavicittaṭṭhena ekova dhammo cittaṃ. Rāsaṭṭhena ceva vedayitaṭṭhena ca ekova dhammo vedanākkhandho. Rāsaṭṭhena ca sañjānanaṭṭhena ca ekova dhammo saññākkhandho. Rāsaṭṭhena ca abhisaṅkharaṇaṭṭhena ca ekova dhammo saṅkhārakkhandho. Rāsaṭṭhena ca cittavicittaṭṭhena ca ekova dhammo viññāṇakkhandho. Vijānanaṭṭhena ceva heṭṭhā vuttaāyatanaṭṭhena ca ekameva manāyatanaṃ. Vijānanaṭṭhena ca adhipatiyaṭṭhena ca ekameva manindriyaṃ. Vijānanaṭṭhena ca sabhāvasuññatanissattaṭṭhena ca ekova dhammo manoviññāṇadhātu nāma hoti, na avasesā. Ṭhapetvā pana cittaṃ, yathāvuttena atthena avasesā sabbepi dhammā ekaṃ dhammāyatanameva, ekā ca dhammadhātuyeva hotīti.</p>
    1355. 

  1355. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti iminā pana appanāvārena idhāpi heṭṭhā vuttā yevāpanakāva saṅgahitā. Yathā ca idha evaṃ sabbattha<a name="P0.0155"></a>. Ito parañhi ettakampi na vicārayissāma. Niddesapaṭiniddesavāresu heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva attho veditabboti.</p>
    1356. 

  1356. <p class="centered">Saṅgahavāro niṭṭhito.</p>
    1357. 

  1357. <p class="centered">Koṭṭhāsavārotipi etasseva nāmaṃ.</p>
    1358. 

  1358. <p class="subhead">Suññatavāro</p>
    1359. 

  1359. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para121-145"></a><span class="paranum">121-145</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0199"></a> <span class="bld">tasmiṃ kho pana samaye dhammā hontī</span>ti suññatavāro āraddho. So <a name="V0.0199"></a> uddesaniddesavasena dvidhā vavatthito. Tattha uddesavāre <span class="bld">‘dhammā hontī’</span>ti iminā saddhiṃ catuvīsati koṭṭhāsā honti. Sabbakoṭṭhāsesu ca ‘cattāro dve tayo’ti gaṇanaparicchedo na vutto. Kasmā? Saṅgahavāre paricchinnattā. Tattha paricchinnadhammāyeva hi idhāpi vuttā. Na hettha satto vā bhāvo vā attā vā upalabbhati. Dhammāva ete dhammamattā asārā apariṇāyakāti imissā suññatāya dīpanatthaṃ vuttā. Tasmā evamettha attho veditabbo – yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ paṭhamaṃ mahākusalacittaṃ uppajjati, tasmiṃ samaye cittaṅgavasena uppannā atirekapaṇṇāsadhammā sabhāvaṭṭhena dhammā eva honti. Na añño koci satto vā bhāvo vā poso vā puggalo vā hotīti. Tathā rāsaṭṭhena khandhāva hontīti. Evaṃ purimanayeneva sabbapadesu atthayojanā veditabbā. Yasmā pana jhānato aññaṃ jhānaṅgaṃ, maggato vā aññaṃ maggaṅgaṃ natthi, tasmā idha <span class="bld">‘jhānaṃ hoti, maggo hoti’</span> icceva vuttaṃ. Upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena hi jhānameva hetvaṭṭhena maggova hoti. Na añño koci satto vā bhāvo vāti. Evaṃ sabbapadesu atthayojanā kātabbā. Niddesavāro uttānatthoyevāti.</p>
    1360. 

  1360. <p class="centered">Suññatavāro niṭṭhito.</p>
    1361. 

  1361. <p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā ca tīhi mahāvārehi maṇḍetvā niddiṭṭhassa</p>
    1362. 

  1362. <p class="centered">Paṭhamacittassa atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
    1363. 

  1363. <p class="subhead">Dutiyacittaṃ</p>
    1364. 

  1364. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. Idāni dutiyacittādīni dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">‘‘katame dhammā’’</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tesu sabbesupi paṭhamacitte vuttanayeneva <a name="P0.0156"></a> tayo tayo mahāvārā veditabbā. Na kevalañca mahāvārā eva, paṭhamacitte vuttasadisānaṃ sabbapadānaṃ atthopi vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Ito parampi apubbapadavaṇṇanaṃyeva karissāma. Imasmiṃ tāva dutiyacittaniddese <span class="bld">sasaṅkhārenā</span>ti idameva apubbaṃ. Tassattho – saha saṅkhārenāti sasaṅkhāro. Tena sasaṅkhārena <a name="M0.0200"></a> sappayogena saupāyena paccayagaṇenāti attho. Yena hi ārammaṇādinā paccayagaṇena paṭhamaṃ mahācittaṃ uppajjati, teneva sappayogena saupāyena idaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    1365. 

  1365. <p class="bodytext">Tassevaṃ <a name="V0.0200"></a> uppatti veditabbā – idhekacco bhikkhu vihārapaccante vasamāno cetiyaṅgaṇasammajjanavelāya vā therupaṭṭhānavelāya vā sampattāya, dhammasavanadivase vā sampatte ‘mayhaṃ gantvā paccāgacchato atidūraṃ bhavissati, na gamissāmī’ti cintetvā puna cinteti – ‘bhikkhussa nāma cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ vā therupaṭṭhānaṃ vā dhammasavanaṃ vā agantuṃ asāruppaṃ, gamissāmī’ti gacchati. Tassevaṃ attano payogena vā, parena vā vattādīnaṃ akaraṇe ca ādīnavaṃ karaṇe ca ānisaṃsaṃ dassetvā ovadiyamānassa, niggahavaseneva vā ‘ehi, idaṃ karohī’ti kāriyamānassa uppannaṃ kusalacittaṃ sasaṅkhārena paccayagaṇena uppannaṃ nāma hotīti.</p>
    1366. 

  1366. <p class="centered">Dutiyacittaṃ.</p>
    1367. 

  1367. <p class="subhead">Tatiyacittaṃ</p>
    1368. 

  1368. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para147-148"></a><span class="paranum">147-148</span>. Tatiye ñāṇena vippayuttanti <span class="bld">ñāṇavippayuttaṃ</span>. Idampi hi ārammaṇe haṭṭhapahaṭṭhaṃ hoti paricchindakañāṇaṃ panettha na hoti. Tasmā idaṃ daharakumārakānaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā ‘ayaṃ thero mayha’nti vandanakāle, teneva nayena cetiyavandanadhammasavanakālādīsu ca uppajjatīti veditabbaṃ. Pāḷiyaṃ panettha sattasu ṭhānesu paññā parihāyati. Sesaṃ pākatikamevāti.</p>
    1369. 

  1369. <p class="centered">Tatiyacittaṃ.</p>
    1370. 

  1370. <p class="subhead">Catutthacittaṃ</p>
    1371. 

  1371. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. Catutthacittepi eseva nayo. Idaṃ pana sasaṅkhārenāti vacanato yadā mātāpitaro daharakumārake sīse gahetvā cetiyādīni vandāpenti te ca anatthikā samānāpi haṭṭhapahaṭṭhāva vandanti. Evarūpe kāle labbhatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1372. 

  1372. <p class="centered">Catutthacittaṃ.</p>
    1373. 

  1373. <p class="subhead">Pañcamacittaṃ</p>
    1374. 

  1374. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. Pañcame <a name="M0.0201"></a><a name="V0.0201"></a> <span class="bld">upekkhāsahagata</span>nti upekkhāvedanāya sampayuttaṃ<a name="P0.0157"></a>. Idañhi ārammaṇe majjhattaṃ hoti. Paricchindakañāṇaṃ panettha hotiyeva. Pāḷiyaṃ panettha jhānacatukke upekkhā hotīti indriyaṭṭhake upekkhindriyaṃ hotīti vatvā sabbesampi vedanādipadānaṃ niddese sātāsātasukhadukkhapaṭikkhepavasena desanaṃ katvā adukkhamasukhavedanā kathitā. Tassā majjhattalakkhaṇe indattakaraṇavasena upekkhindriyabhāvo veditabbo. Padapaṭipāṭiyā ca ekasmiṃ ṭhāne pīti parihīnā. Tasmā cittaṅgavasena pāḷiāruḷhā pañcapaṇṇāseva dhammā honti. Tesaṃ vasena sabbakoṭṭhāsesu sabbavāresu ca vinicchayo veditabbo.</p>
    1375. 

  1375. <p class="centered">Pañcamacittaṃ.</p>
    1376. 

  1376. <p class="subhead">Chaṭṭhacittādi</p>
    1377. 

  1377. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para156-9"></a><span class="paranum">156-9</span>. Chaṭṭhasattamaaṭṭhamāni dutiyatatiyacatutthesu vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Kevalañhi imesu vedanāparivattanañceva pītiparihānañca hoti. Sesaṃ saddhiṃ uppattinayena tādisameva. Karuṇāmuditā parikammakālepi hi imesaṃ uppatti <span class="bld">mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> anuññātā eva. Imāni aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalacittāni nāma.</p>
    1378. 

  1378. <p class="subhead">Puññakiriyavatthādikathā</p>
    1379. 

  1379. <p class="bodytext">Tāni sabbānipi dasahi puññakiriyavatthūhi dīpetabbāni. Kathaṃ? Dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu, sīlamayaṃ… bhāvanāmayaṃ… apacitisahagataṃ… veyyāvaccasahagataṃ… pattānuppadānaṃ… abbhanumodanaṃ… desanāmayaṃ… savanamayaṃ… diṭṭhijukammaṃ puññakiriyavatthūti imāni dasa puññakiriyavatthūni nāma. Tattha dānameva dānamayaṃ. Puññakiriyā ca sā tesaṃ tesaṃ ānisaṃsānaṃ vatthu cāti puññakiriyavatthu. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1380. 

  1380. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0202"></a> cīvarādīsu catūsu paccayesu, rūpādīsu vā chasu ārammaṇesu, annādīsu vā dasasu dānavatthūsu, taṃ taṃ dentassa tesaṃ tesaṃ uppādanato paṭṭhāya <a name="M0.0202"></a> pubbabhāge, pariccāgakāle, pacchā somanassacittena anussaraṇakāle cāti tīsu kālesu pavattā cetanā <span class="bld">‘dānamayaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma.</p>
    1381. 

  1381. <p class="bodytext">Pañcasīlaṃ aṭṭhasīlaṃ dasasīlaṃ samādiyantassa, ‘pabbajissāmī’ti vihāraṃ gacchantassa, pabbajantassa, ‘manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā pabbajito vata’mhi, ‘sādhu sādhū’ti āvajjentassa, pātimokkhaṃ saṃvarantassa, cīvarādayo paccaye paccavekkhantassa, āpāthagatesu rūpādīsu cakkhudvārādīni saṃvarantassa<a name="P0.0158"></a>, ājīvaṃ sodhentassa ca pavattā cetanā <span class="bld">‘sīlamayaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma.</p>
    1382. 

  1382. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāyaṃ</span> vuttena vipassanāmaggena cakkhuṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato bhāventassa…pe… manaṃ… rūpe…pe… dhamme… cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… manoviññāṇaṃ,… cakkhusamphassaṃ…pe… manosamphassaṃ, cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ…pe… manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ, …pe… rūpasaññaṃ…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato bhāventassa pavattā cetanā, aṭṭhatiṃsāya vā ārammaṇesu appanaṃ appattā sabbāpi cetanā <span class="bld">‘bhāvanāmayaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma.</p>
    1383. 

  1383. <p class="bodytext">Mahallakaṃ pana disvā paccuggamanapattacīvarapaṭiggahaṇaabhivādanamaggasampadānādivasena <span class="bld">‘apacitisahagataṃ’</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1384. 

  1384. <p class="bodytext">Vuḍḍhatarānaṃ vattappaṭipattikaraṇavasena gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā pattaṃ gahetvā gāme bhikkhaṃ samādapetvā upasaṃharaṇavasena, ‘gaccha bhikkhūnaṃ pattaṃ āharā’ti sutvā vegena gantvā pattāharaṇādivasena ca kāyaveyyāvaṭikakāle <span class="bld">‘veyyāvaccasahagataṃ’</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1385. 

  1385. <p class="bodytext">Dānaṃ datvā gandhādīhi pūjaṃ katvā ‘asukassa nāma patti hotū’ti vā, ‘sabbasattānaṃ hotū’ti vā pattiṃ dadato <span class="bld">‘pattānuppadānaṃ’</span> veditabbaṃ. Kiṃ panevaṃ pattiṃ dadato puññakkhayo hotīti? Na hoti. Yathā pana ekaṃ dīpaṃ jāletvā tato dīpasahassaṃ jālentassa paṭhamadīpo khīṇoti <a name="V0.0203"></a> na vattabbo; purimālokena pana saddhiṃ pacchimāloko ekato hutvā atimahā hoti. Evameva pattiṃ dadato parihāni nāma natthi. Vuḍḍhiyeva pana hotīti veditabbo.</p>
    1386. 

  1386. <p class="bodytext">Parehi <a name="M0.0203"></a> dinnāya pattiyā vā aññāya vā puññakiriyāya ‘sādhu sādhū’ti anumodanavasena <span class="bld">‘abbhanumodanaṃ’</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1387. 

  1387. <p class="bodytext">Eko ‘evaṃ maṃ dhammakathikoti maṃ jānissantī’ti icchāya ṭhatvā lābhagaruko hutvā deseti, taṃ na mahapphalaṃ. Eko attano paguṇaṃ dhammaṃ apaccāsīsamāno vimuttāyatanasīsena paresaṃ deseti, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘desanāmayaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma.</p>
    1388. 

  1388. <p class="bodytext">Eko suṇanto ‘iti maṃ saddhoti jānissantī’ti suṇāti, taṃ na mahapphalaṃ. Eko ‘evaṃ me mahapphalaṃ bhavissatī’ti hitapharaṇena muducittena dhammaṃ suṇāti, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘savanamayaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma.</p>
    1389. 

  1389. <p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhiṃ <a name="P0.0159"></a> ujuṃ karontassa <span class="bld">‘diṭṭhijukammaṃ</span> puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma. Dīghabhāṇakā panāhu – ‘diṭṭhijukammaṃ sabbesaṃ niyamalakkhaṇaṃ, yaṃkiñci puññaṃ karontassa hi diṭṭhiyā ujukabhāveneva mahapphalaṃ hotī’ti.</p>
    1390. 

  1390. <p class="bodytext">Etesu pana puññakiriyavatthūsu dānamayaṃ tāva ‘dānaṃ dassāmī’ti cintentassa uppajjati, dānaṃ dadato uppajjati, ‘dinnaṃ me’ti paccavekkhantassa uppajjati. Evaṃ pubbacetanaṃ muñcanacetanaṃ aparacetananti tissopi cetanā ekato katvā ‘dānamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma hoti. Sīlamayampi ‘sīlaṃ pūressāmī’ti cintentassa uppajjati, sīlapūraṇakāle uppajjati, ‘pūritaṃ me’ti paccavekkhantassa uppajjati. Tā sabbāpi ekato katvā ‘sīlamayaṃ puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma hoti…pe… diṭṭhijukammampi ‘diṭṭhiṃ ujukaṃ karissāmī’ti cintentassa uppajjati, diṭṭhiṃ ujuṃ karontassa uppajjati, ‘diṭṭhi me ujukā katā’ti paccavekkhantassa uppajjati. Tā sabbāpi ekato katvā ‘diṭṭhijukammaṃ puññakiriyavatthu’ nāma hoti.</p>
    1391. 

  1391. <p class="bodytext">Sutte <a name="V0.0204"></a> pana tīṇiyeva puññakiriyavatthūni āgatāni. Tesu itaresampi saṅgaho veditabbo. Apacitiveyyāvaccāni hi sīlamaye saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Pattānuppadānaabbhanumodanāni dānamaye. Desanāsavanadiṭṭhijukammāni bhāvanāmaye. Ye pana ‘diṭṭhijukammaṃ sabbesaṃ niyamalakkhaṇa’nti vadanti tesaṃ taṃ tīsupi saṅgahaṃ gacchati. Evametāni saṅkhepato tīṇi hutvā vitthārato dasa honti.</p>
    1392. 

  1392. <p class="bodytext">Tesu <a name="M0.0204"></a> ‘dānaṃ dassāmī’ti cintento aṭṭhannaṃ kāmāvacarakusalacittānaṃ aññatareneva cinteti; dadamānopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena deti; ‘dānaṃ me dinna’nti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Sīlaṃ pūressāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti; sīlaṃ pūrentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena pūreti, ‘sīlaṃ me pūrita’nti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Bhāvanaṃ bhāvessāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti; bhāventopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena bhāveti; ‘bhāvanā me bhāvitā’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati.</p>
    1393. 

  1393. <p class="bodytext">‘Jeṭṭhāpacitikammaṃ <a name="P0.0160"></a> karissāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti, karontopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena karoti, ‘kataṃ me’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Kāyaveyyāvaṭikakammaṃ karissāmī’ti cintentopi, karontopi, ‘kataṃ me’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Pattiṃ dassāmī’ti cintentopi, dadantopi, ‘dinnaṃ me’ti paccavekkhantopi, ‘pattiṃ vā sesakusalaṃ vā anumodissāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti; anumodantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena anumodati, ‘anumoditaṃ me’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Dhammaṃ desessāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti, desentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena deseti, ‘desito me’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Dhammaṃ sossāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti, suṇantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena suṇāti, ‘suto me’ti paccavekkhantopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena paccavekkhati. ‘Diṭṭhiṃ ujukaṃ karissāmī’ti cintentopi tesaṃyeva aññatarena cinteti, ujuṃ karonto pana catunnaṃ ñāṇasampayuttānaṃ aññatarena karoti, ‘diṭṭhi me ujukā katā’ti paccavekkhanto aṭṭhannaṃ aññatarena paccavekkhati.</p>
    1394. 

  1394. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="V0.0205"></a> ṭhāne cattāri <span class="bld">anantā</span>ni nāma gahitāni. Cattāri hi anantāni – ākāso ananto, cakkavāḷāni anantāni, sattanikāyo ananto, buddhaññāṇaṃ <a name="M0.0205"></a> anantaṃ. Ākāsassa hi puratthimāya disāya vā pacchimuttaradakkhiṇāsu vā ettakāni vā yojanasatāni ettakāni vā yojanasahassānīti paricchedo natthi. Sinerumattampi ayokūṭaṃ pathaviṃ dvidhā katvā heṭṭhā khittaṃ bhassetheva, no patiṭṭhaṃ labhetha, evaṃ ākāsaṃ anantaṃ nāma.</p>
    1395. 

  1395. <p class="bodytext">Cakkavāḷānampi satehi vā sahassehi vā paricchedo natthi. Sacepi hi akaniṭṭhabhavane nibbattā, daḷhathāmadhanuggahassa lahukena sarena tiriyaṃ tālacchāyaṃ atikkamanamattena kālena cakkavāḷasatasahassaṃ atikkamanasamatthena javena samannāgatā cattāro mahābrahmāno <a name="P0.0161"></a> ‘cakkavāḷapariyantaṃ passissāmā’ti tena javena dhāveyyuṃ, cakkavāḷapariyantaṃ adisvāva parinibbāyeyyuṃ, evaṃ cakkavāḷāni anantāni nāma.</p>
    1396. 

  1396. <p class="bodytext">Ettakesu pana cakkavāḷesu udakaṭṭhakathalaṭṭhakasattānaṃ pamāṇaṃ natthi. Evaṃ sattanikāyo ananto nāma. Tatopi buddhañāṇaṃ anantameva.</p>
    1397. 

  1397. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ aparimāṇesu cakkavāḷesu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ kāmāvacarasomanassasahagatañāṇasampayuttaasaṅkhārikakusalacittāni ekassa bahūni uppajjanti. Bahūnampi bahūni uppajjanti. Tāni sabbānipi kāmāvacaraṭṭhena somanassasahagataṭṭhena ñāṇasampayuttaṭṭhena asaṅkhārikaṭṭhena ekattaṃ gacchanti. Ekameva somanassasahagataṃ tihetukaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittaṃ hoti. Tathā sasaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittaṃ…pe… tathā upekkhāsahagataṃ ñāṇavippayuttaṃ dvihetukaṃ sasaṅkhārikacittanti. Evaṃ sabbānipi aparimāṇesu cakkavāḷesu aparimāṇānaṃ sattānaṃ uppajjamānāni kāmāvacarakusalacittāni sammāsambuddho mahātulāya tulayamāno viya, tumbe pakkhipitvā minamāno viya, sabbaññutaññāṇena paricchinditvā ‘aṭṭhevetānī’ti sarikkhaṭṭhena aṭṭheva koṭṭhāse katvā dassesi.</p>
    1398. 

  1398. <p class="bodytext">Puna imasmiṃ ṭhāne chabbidhena <span class="bld">puññāyūhanaṃ</span> nāma gahitaṃ. Puññañhi atthi sayaṃkāraṃ atthi paraṃkāraṃ, atthi sāhatthikaṃ atthi āṇattikaṃ, atthi sampajānakataṃ atthi asampajānakatanti.</p>
    1399. 

  1399. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0206"></a> attano dhammatāya kataṃ <span class="bld">‘sayaṃkāraṃ’</span> nāma. Paraṃ karontaṃ disvā kataṃ <span class="bld">‘paraṃkāraṃ’</span> nāma. Sahatthena kataṃ <span class="bld">‘sāhatthikaṃ’</span> nāma. Āṇāpetvā kāritaṃ <a name="M0.0206"></a> <span class="bld">‘āṇattikaṃ’</span> nāma. Kammañca phalañca saddahitvā kataṃ <span class="bld">‘sampajānakataṃ’</span> nāma. Kammampi phalampi ajānitvā kataṃ <span class="bld">‘asampajānakataṃ’</span> nāma. Tesu sayaṃkāraṃ karontopi imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ kusalacittānaṃ aññatareneva karoti. Paraṃkāraṃ karontopi, sahatthena karontopi, āṇāpetvā karontopi imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ kusalacittānaṃ aññatareneva karoti. Sampajānakaraṇaṃ pana catūhi ñāṇasampayuttehi hoti. Asampajānakaraṇaṃ catūhi ñāṇavippayuttehi.</p>
    1400. 

  1400. <p class="bodytext">Aparāpi imasmiṃ ṭhāne catasso <span class="bld">dakkhiṇāvisuddhiyo</span> gahitā – paccayānaṃ dhammikatā, cetanāmahattaṃ, vatthusampatti, guṇātirekatāti. Tattha dhammena samena uppannā paccayā <span class="bld">‘dhammikā’</span> nāma. Saddahitvā <a name="P0.0162"></a> okappetvā dadato pana <span class="bld">‘cetanāmahattaṃ’</span> nāma hoti. Khīṇāsavabhāvo <span class="bld">‘vatthusampatti’</span> nāma. Khīṇāsavasseva nirodhā vuṭṭhitabhāvo <span class="bld">‘guṇātirekatā’</span> nāma. Imāni cattāri samodhānetvā dātuṃ sakkontassa kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ imasmiṃyeva attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Puṇṇakaseṭṭhikākavaliyasumanamālākārādīnaṃ (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 2.225 puṇṇadāsīvatthu) (dha. pa. aṭṭha. 1.67 sumanamālākāravatthu) viya.</p>
    1401. 

  1401. <p class="bodytext">Saṅkhepato panetaṃ sabbampi kāmāvacarakusalacittaṃ ‘citta’nti karitvā cittavicittaṭṭhena ekameva hoti. Vedanāvasena somanassasahagataṃ upekkhāsahagatanti duvidhaṃ hoti. Ñāṇavibhattidesanāvasena catubbidhaṃ hoti. Somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittañhi upekkhāsahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ mahācittañca ñāṇasampayuttaṭṭhena asaṅkhārikaṭṭhena ca ekameva hoti. Tathā ñāṇasampayuttaṃ sasaṅkhārikaṃ, ñāṇavippayuttaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ, ñāṇavippayuttaṃ sasaṅkhārikañcāti. Evaṃ ñāṇavibhattidesanāvasena catubbidhe panetasmiṃ asaṅkhārasasaṅkhāravibhattito cattāri asaṅkhārikāni cattāri sasaṅkhārikānīti aṭṭheva kusalacittāni honti. Tāni yāthāvato ñatvā bhagavā sabbaññū gaṇīvaro muniseṭṭho ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkarotīti.</p>
    1402. 

  1402. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasāliniyā dhammasaṅgahaṭṭhakathāya</p>
    1403. 

  1403. <p class="centered">Kāmāvacarakusalaniddeso samatto.</p>
    1404. 

  1404. <p class="title">Rūpāvacarakusalavaṇṇanā</p>
    1405. 

  1405. <p class="subhead">Catukkanayo paṭhamajjhānaṃ</p>
    1406. 

  1406. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0207"></a><a name="V0.0207"></a> rūpāvacarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti <span class="bld">rūpaṃ</span> vuccati rūpabhavo. <span class="bld">Upapattī</span>ti nibbatti jāti sañjāti. <span class="bld">Maggo</span>ti upāyo. Vacanattho panettha – taṃ upapattiṃ maggati gavesati janeti nipphādetīti maggo. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yena maggena rūpabhave upapatti hoti nibbatti jāti sañjāti, taṃ maggaṃ bhāvetīti. Kiṃ panetena niyamato rūpabhave upapatti hotīti? Na hoti. ‘‘Samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha, samāhito yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.5; 4.99; 5.1071; netti. 40; mi. pa. 2.1.15) evaṃ vuttena hi nibbedhabhāgiyena rūpabhavātikkamopi hoti. Rūpūpapattiyā pana ito añño maggo nāma <a name="P0.0163"></a> natthi, tena vuttaṃ ‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāvetī’ti. Atthato cāyaṃ maggo nāma cetanāpi hoti, cetanāya sampayuttadhammāpi, tadubhayampi. ‘‘Nirayañcāhaṃ, sāriputta, pajānāmi nirayagāmiñca magga’’nti (ma. ni. 1.153) hi ettha cetanā maggo nāma.</p>
    1407. 

  1407. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Saddhā hiriyaṃ kusalañca dānaṃ, dhammā ete sappurisānuyātā;</p>
    1408. 

  1408. <p class="gathalast">Etañhi maggaṃ diviyaṃ vadanti, etena hi gacchati devaloka’’nti. (a. ni. 8.32);</p>
    1409. 

  1409. <p class="bodytext">Ettha cetanāsampayuttadhammā maggo nāma. ‘‘Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, maggo, ayaṃ paṭipadā’’ti saṅkhārupapattisuttādīsu (ma. ni. 3.161 ādayo) cetanāpi cetanāsampayuttadhammāpi maggo nāma. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne ‘jhāna’nti vacanato cetanāsampayuttā adhippetā. Yasmā pana jhānacetanā paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhati, tasmā cetanāpi cetanāsampayuttadhammāpi vaṭṭantiyeva.</p>
    1410. 

  1410. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāvetī</span>ti janeti uppādeti vaḍḍheti. Ayaṃ tāva idha bhāvanāya attho. Aññattha pana upasaggavasena sambhāvanā paribhāvanā vibhāvanāti evaṃ aññathāpi attho hoti. Tattha ‘‘idhudāyi mama sāvakā adhisīle sambhāventi – sīlavā samaṇo gotamo, paramena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato’’ti <a name="M0.0208"></a><a name="V0.0208"></a> (ma. ni. 2.243) ayaṃ sambhāvanā nāma; okappanāti attho. ‘‘Sīlaparibhāvito samādhi mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso, samādhiparibhāvitā paññā mahapphalā hoti mahānisaṃsā, paññāparibhāvitaṃ cittaṃ sammadeva āsavehi vimuccatī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.186) ayaṃ paribhāvanā nāma; vāsanāti attho. ‘‘Iṅgha rūpaṃ vibhāvehi, vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ vibhāvehī’’ti ayaṃ vibhāvanā nāma; antaradhāpanāti attho. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, udāyi, akkhātā mayā sāvakānaṃ paṭipadā, yathāpaṭipannā me sāvakā cattāro satipaṭṭhāne bhāventī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.247), ayaṃ pana uppādanavaḍḍhanaṭṭhena bhāvanā nāma. Imasmimpi ṭhāne ayameva adhippetā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘bhāvetīti janeti uppādeti vaḍḍhetī’ti.</p>
    1411. 

  1411. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā panettha, yathā kāmāvacarakusalaniddese dhammapubbaṅgamā desanā katā tathā akatvā, puggalapubbaṅgamā <a name="P0.0164"></a> katāti? Paṭipadāya sādhetabbato. Idañhi catūsu paṭipadāsu aññatarāya sādhetabbaṃ; na kāmāvacaraṃ viya vinā paṭipadāya uppajjati. Paṭipadā ca nāmesā paṭipannake sati hotīti etamatthaṃ dassetuṃ puggalapubbaṅgamaṃ desanaṃ karonto ‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāvetī’ti āha.</p>
    1412. 

  1412. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivicceva kāmehī</span>ti kāmehi viviccitvā, vinā hutvā, apakkamitvā. Yo panāyamettha ‘eva’-kāro so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasmā ca niyamattho, tasmā tasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye avijjamānānampi kāmānaṃ tassa paṭhamajjhānassa paṭipakkhabhāvaṃ, kāmapariccāgeneva cassa adhigamaṃ dīpeti. Kathaṃ? ‘Vivicceva kāmehī’ti evañhi niyame kariyamāne idaṃ paññāyati – nūnimassa kāmā paṭipakkhabhūtā yesu sati idaṃ na pavattati, andhakāre sati padīpobhāso viya? Tesaṃ pariccāgeneva cassa adhigamo hoti orimatīrapariccāgena pārimatīrasseva. Tasmā niyamaṃ karotīti.</p>
    1413. 

  1413. <p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – ‘kasmā panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto, na uttarapade? Kiṃ akusalehi dhammehi aviviccāpi jhānaṃ upasampajja vihareyyā’ti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Taṃnissaraṇato hi pubbapade esa vutto. Kāmadhātusamatikkamanato <a name="M0.0209"></a> hi kāmarāgapaṭipakkhato ca idaṃ jhānaṃ kāmānameva nissaraṇaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘kāmānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nekkhamma’’nti (itivu. 72; dī. ni. 3.353). Uttarapadepi pana, yathā ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo, idha dutiyo samaṇo’’ti <a name="V0.0209"></a> (ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241) ettha ‘eva’-kāro ānetvā vuccati, evaṃ vattabbo. Na hi sakkā ito aññehipi nīvaraṇasaṅkhātehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhānaṃ upasampajja viharituṃ, tasmā ‘vivicceva kāmehi vivicceva akusalehi dhammehī’ti evaṃ padadvayepi esa daṭṭhabbo. Padadvayepi ca kiñcāpi viviccāti iminā sādhāraṇavacanena tadaṅgavivekādayo kāyavivekādayo ca sabbepi vivekā saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, tathāpi kāyaviveko cittaviveko vikkhambhanavivekoti tayo eva idha daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1414. 

  1414. <p class="bodytext">Kāmehīti iminā pana padena ye ca <span class="bld">niddese</span> ‘‘katame vatthukāmā? Manāpiyā rūpā’’tiādinā (mahāni. 1) nayena vatthukāmā vuttā, ye ca tattheva vibhaṅge ca ‘‘chando kāmo, rāgo <a name="P0.0165"></a> kāmo, chandarāgo kāmo; saṅkappo kāmo, rāgo kāmo, saṅkapparāgo kāmo; ime vuccanti kāmā’’ti (mahāni. 1; vibha. 564) evaṃ kilesakāmā vuttā, te sabbepi saṅgahitāicceva daṭṭhabbā. Evañhi sati vivicceva kāmehīti vatthukāmehipi viviccevāti attho yujjati. Tena kāyaviveko vutto hoti.</p>
    1415. 

  1415. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivicca akusalehi dhammehī</span>ti kilesakāmehi sabbākusalehi vā viviccāti attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukāmehi vivekavacanato eva kāmasukhapariccāgo, dutiyena kilesakāmehi vivekavacanato nekkhammasukhapariggaho vibhāvito hoti. Evaṃ vatthukāmakilesakāmavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesaṃ paṭhamena saṃkilesavatthuppahānaṃ, dutiyena saṃkilesappahānaṃ; paṭhamena lolabhāvassa hetupariccāgo, dutiyena bālabhāvassa; paṭhamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena āsayaposanaṃ vibhāvitaṃ hotīti ñātabbaṃ. Esa tāva nayo ‘kāmehī’ti ettha vuttakāmesu vatthukāmapakkhe.</p>
    1416. 

  1416. <p class="bodytext">Kilesakāmapakkhe pana ‘chandoti ca rāgo’ti ca evamādīhi anekabhedo kāmacchandoyeva kāmoti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyāpannopi <a name="M0.0210"></a> samāno ‘‘tattha katamo kāmacchando kāmo’’tiādinā nayena <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> (vibha. 564) jhānapaṭipakkhato visuṃ vutto. Kilesakāmattā vā purimapade vutto, akusalapariyāpannattā dutiyapade. Anekabhedato cassa ‘kāmato’ti avatvā ‘kāmehī’ti vuttaṃ. Aññesampi ca dhammānaṃ akusalabhāve vijjamāne ‘‘tattha katame akusalā dhammā? Kāmacchando’’tiādinā nayena <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> uparijhānaṅgapaccanīkapaṭipakkhabhāvadassanato <a name="V0.0210"></a> nīvaraṇāneva vuttāni. Nīvaraṇāni hi jhānaṅgapaccanīkāni. Tesaṃ jhānaṅgāneva paṭipakkhāni, viddhaṃsakāni, vighātakānīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tathā hi ‘‘samādhi kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho, pīti byāpādassa, vitakko thinamiddhassa, sukhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicāro vicikicchāyā’’ti <span class="bld">peṭake</span> vuttaṃ.</p>
    1417. 

  1417. <p class="bodytext">Evamettha ‘vivicceva kāmehī’ti iminā kāmacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hoti. ‘Vivicca akusalehi dhammehī’ti iminā pañcannampi nīvaraṇānaṃ. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana paṭhamena kāmacchandassa, dutiyena sesanīvaraṇānaṃ; tathā paṭhamena tīsu akusalamūlesu pañcakāmaguṇabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena āghātavatthubhedādivisayānaṃ <a name="P0.0166"></a> dosamohānaṃ. Oghādīsu vā dhammesu paṭhamena kāmoghakāmayogakāmāsavakāmupādānaabhijjhākāyaganthakāmarāgasaṃyojanānaṃ, dutiyena avasesaoghayogāsavaupādānaganthasaṃyojanānaṃ. Paṭhamena ca taṇhāya taṃsampayuttakānañca, dutiyena avijjāya taṃsampayuttakānañca. Apica paṭhamena lobhasampayuttaaṭṭhacittuppādānaṃ, dutiyena sesānaṃ catunnaṃ akusalacittuppādānaṃ vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotīti veditabbo. Ayaṃ tāva ‘vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehī’ti ettha atthappakāsanā.</p>
    1418. 

  1418. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca paṭhamassa jhānassa pahānaṅgaṃ dassetvā idāni sampayogaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">savitakkaṃ savicāra</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha heṭṭhā vuttalakkhaṇādivibhāgena appanāsampayogato rūpāvacarabhāvappattena vitakkena ceva vicārena ca saha vattati. Rukkho viya pupphena ca phalena cāti idaṃ jhānaṃ savitakkaṃ savicāranti vuccati. Vibhaṅge pana ‘‘iminā ca vitakkena iminā ca vicārena <a name="M0.0211"></a> upeto hoti samupeto’’tiādinā (vibha. 565) nayena puggalādhiṭṭhānā desanā katā. Attho pana tatrapi evameva daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1419. 

  1419. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vivekaja</span>nti – ettha vivitti viveko. Nīvaraṇavigamoti attho. Vivittoti vā viveko, nīvaraṇavivitto jhānasampayuttadhammarāsīti attho. Tasmā vivekā, tasmiṃ vā viveke, jātanti vivekajaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti – ettha pītisukhāni heṭṭhā pakāsitāneva. Tesu pana vuttappakārāya pañcavidhāya pītiyā yā appanāsamādhissa mūlaṃ hutvā vaḍḍhamānā samādhisampayogaṃ gatā pharaṇāpīti – ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā pītīti. Ayañca pīti idañca sukhaṃ assa <a name="V0.0211"></a> jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti idaṃ jhānaṃ pītisukhanti vuccati. Atha vā pīti ca sukhañca pītisukhaṃ, dhammavinayādayo viya. Vivekajaṃ pītisukhamassa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne, atthīti evampi vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ. Yatheva hi jhānaṃ evaṃ pītisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti. Tañcassa atthi. Tasmā ekapadeneva ‘vivekajaṃ pītisukha’nti vattuṃ yujjati. Vibhaṅge pana ‘‘idaṃ sukhaṃ imāya pītiyā sahagata’’ntiādinā nayena vuttaṃ. Attho pana tatthāpi evameva daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1420. 

  1420. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ</span> <a name="P0.0167"></a> <span class="bld">jhāna</span>nti – ettha gaṇanānupubbatā paṭhamaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ uppannanti paṭhamaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ samāpajjitabbantipi paṭhamaṃ. Idaṃ pana na ekantalakkhaṇaṃ. Ciṇṇavasībhāvo hi aṭṭhasamāpattilābhī ādito paṭṭhāya matthakaṃ pāpentopi samāpajjituṃ sakkoti. Matthakato paṭṭhāya ādiṃ pāpentopi samāpajjituṃ sakkoti. Antarantarā okkamantopi sakkoti. Evaṃ pubbuppattiyaṭṭhena pana paṭhamaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
    1421. 

  1421. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jhāna</span>nti duvidhaṃ jhānaṃ – ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ lakkhaṇūpanijjhānanti. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo pathavikasiṇādiārammaṇaṃ upanijjhāyantīti ārammaṇūpanijjhānanti saṅkhyaṃ gatā. Vipassanāmaggaphalāni pana lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ nāma. Tattha vipassanā aniccādilakkhaṇassa upanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ. Vipassanāya katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ. Phalaṃ pana nirodhasaccaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ upanijjhāyatīti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ nāma. Tesu imasmiṃ atthe ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tasmā ārammaṇūpanijjhānato paccanīkajjhāpanato vā jhānanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1422. 

  1422. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasampajjā</span>ti <a name="M0.0212"></a> upagantvā, pāpuṇitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Upasampādayitvā vā nipphādetvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Vibhaṅge pana ‘‘upasampajjāti paṭhamassa jhānassa lābho paṭilābho patti sampatti phusanā sacchikiriyā upasampadā’’ti (vibha. 570) vuttaṃ. Tassāpi evamevattho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Viharatī</span>ti tadanurūpena iriyāpathavihārena itivuttappakārajjhānasamaṅgī hutvā attabhāvassa iriyanaṃ vuttiṃ pālanaṃ yapanaṃ yāpanaṃ cāraṃ vihāraṃ abhinipphādeti. Vuttañhetaṃ vibhaṅge – ‘‘viharatīti iriyati vattati pāleti yapeti yāpeti carati viharati, tena vuccati viharatī’’ti (vibha. 512, 571).</p>
    1423. 

  1423. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pathavikasiṇa</span>nti <a name="V0.0212"></a> ettha pathavimaṇḍalampi sakalaṭṭhena pathavikasiṇanti vuccati. Taṃ nissāya paṭiladdhaṃ nimittampi. Pathavikasiṇanimitte paṭiladdhajjhānampi. Tattha imasmiṃ atthe jhānaṃ pathavīkasiṇanti veditabbaṃ. Pathavikasiṇasaṅkhātaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti ayañhettha saṅkhepattho. Imasmiṃ pana <a name="P0.0168"></a> pathavikasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā catukkapañcakajjhānāni nibbattetvā jhānapadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pattukāmena kulaputtena kiṃ kattabbanti? Ādito tāva pātimokkhasaṃvaraindriyasaṃvaraājīvapārisuddhipaccayasannissitasaṅkhātāni cattāri sīlāni visodhetvā suparisuddhe sīle patiṭṭhitena, yvāssa āvāsādīsu dasasu palibodhesu palibodho atthi, taṃ upacchinditvā kammaṭṭhānadāyakaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pāḷiyā āgatesu aṭṭhatiṃsāya kammaṭṭhānesu attano cariyānukūlaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ upaparikkhantena sacassa idaṃ pathavikasiṇaṃ anukūlaṃ hoti, idameva kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā jhānabhāvanāya ananurūpaṃ vihāraṃ pahāya anurūpe vihāre viharantena khuddakapalibodhupacchedaṃ katvā kasiṇaparikammanimittānurakkhaṇasattaasappāyaparivajjanasattasappāyasevanadasavidhaappanākosallappabhedaṃ sabbaṃ bhāvanāvidhānaṃ aparihāpentena jhānādhigamatthāya paṭipajjitabbaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthāro pana <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.51 ādayo) vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Yathā cettha evaṃ ito paresupi. Sabbakammaṭṭhānānañhi bhāvanāvidhānaṃ sabbaṃ aṭṭhakathānayena gahetvā visuddhimagge <a name="M0.0213"></a> vitthāritaṃ. Kiṃ tena tattha tattha puna vuttenāti na naṃ puna vitthārayāma. Pāḷiyā pana heṭṭhā anāgataṃ atthaṃ aparihāpentā nirantaraṃ anupadavaṇṇanameva karissāma.</p>
    1424. 

  1424. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti tasmiṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye. <span class="bld">Phasso hoti…pe… avikkhepo hotī</span>ti ime kāmāvacarapaṭhamakusalacitte vuttappakārāya padapaṭipāṭiyā chapaṇṇāsa dhammā honti. Kevalañhi te kāmāvacarā, ime bhūmantaravasena mahaggatā rūpāvacarāti ayamettha viseso. Sesaṃ tādisameva. Yevāpanakā panettha chandādayo cattārova labbhanti. Koṭṭhāsavārasuññatavārā pākatikā evāti.</p>
    1425. 

  1425. <p class="centered">Paṭhamaṃ.</p>
    1426. 

  1426. <p class="subhead">Dutiyajjhānaṃ</p>
    1427. 

  1427. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para161-162"></a><span class="paranum">161-162</span>. Dutiyajjhānaniddese <a name="V0.0213"></a> <span class="bld">vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā</span>ti <a name="P0.0169"></a> vitakkassa ca vicārassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ vūpasamā, samatikkamā; dutiyajjhānakkhaṇe apātubhāvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi dutiyajjhāne sabbepi paṭhamajjhānadhammā na santi, aññeyeva hi paṭhamajjhāne phassādayo aññe idha, oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhigamo hotīti dīpanatthaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti idha – niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅge</span> pana ‘‘ajjhattaṃ paccatta’’nti (vibha. 573) ettakameva vuttaṃ. Yasmā niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ, tasmā attani jātaṃ, attano santāne nibbattanti ayamettha attho.</p>
    1428. 

  1428. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sampasādana</span>nti sampasādanaṃ vuccati saddhā. Sampasādanayogato jhānampi sampasādanaṃ, nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viya. Yasmā vā taṃ jhānaṃ sampasādanasamannāgatattā vitakkavicārakkhobhavūpasamanena ca ceto sampasādayati, tasmāpi sampasādananti vuttaṃ. Imasmiñca atthavikappe ‘sampasādanaṃ cetaso’ti evaṃ padasambandho veditabbo. Purimasmiṃ pana atthavikappe ‘cetaso’ti etaṃ ekodibhāvena saddhiṃ yojetabbaṃ.</p>
    1429. 

  1429. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ atthayojanā – eko udetīti <span class="bld">ekodi,</span> vitakkavicārehi anajjhāruḷhattā aggo seṭṭho hutvā udetīti attho. Seṭṭhopi <a name="M0.0214"></a> hi loke ekoti vuccati. Vitakkavicāravirahato vā eko asahāyo hutvātipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Atha vā sampayuttadhamme udāyatīti udi. Uṭṭhāpetīti attho. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena eko ca so udi cāti <span class="bld">ekodi</span>. Samādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Iti imaṃ ekodiṃ bhāveti vaḍḍhetīti idaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ <span class="bld">ekodibhāvaṃ</span>. So panāyaṃ ekodi yasmā cetaso, na sattassa, na jīvassa, tasmā etaṃ ‘cetaso ekodibhāva’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1430. 

  1430. <p class="bodytext">‘Nanu cāyaṃ saddhā paṭhamajjhānepi atthi, ayañca ekodināmako samādhi, atha kasmā idameva sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvañcāti vuttanti? Vuccate – ‘aduñhi paṭhamajjhānaṃ vitakkavicārakkhobhena vīcitaraṅgasamākulamiva jalaṃ na suppasannaṃ hoti, tasmā satiyāpi saddhāya <a name="V0.0214"></a> sampasādana’nti <a name="P0.0170"></a> na vuttaṃ. Na suppasannattā eva cettha samādhipi na suṭṭhu pākaṭo. Tasmā ekodibhāvantipi na vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana jhāne vitakkavicārapalibodhābhāvena laddhokāsā balavatī saddhā, balavasaddhāsahāyapaṭilābheneva samādhipi pākaṭo. Tasmā idameva evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Vibhaṅge pana ‘‘sampasādananti yā saddhā saddahanā okappanā abhippasādo; cetaso ekodibhāvanti yā cittassa ṭhiti…pe… sammāsamādhī’’ti (vibha. 574-575) ettakameva vuttaṃ. Evaṃ vuttena panetena saddhiṃ ayaṃ atthavaṇṇanā yathā na virujjhati aññadatthu saṃsandati ceva sameti ca, evaṃ veditabbā.</p>
    1431. 

  1431. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Avitakkaṃ avicāra</span>nti bhāvanāya pahīnattā etasmiṃ etassa vā vitakko natthīti avitakkaṃ. Imināva nayena avicāraṃ. Vibhaṅgepi vuttaṃ – ‘‘iti ayañca vitakko ayañca vicāro santā honti samitā vūpasantā atthaṅgatā abbhatthaṅgatā appitā byappitā sositā visositā byantīkatā, tena vuccati avitakkaṃ avicāra’’nti.</p>
    1432. 

  1432. <p class="bodytext">Etthāha – nanu ca vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti imināpi ayamattho siddho? Atha kasmā puna ‘vuttaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāra’nti? Vuccate – evametaṃ, siddhovāyamattho, na panetaṃ tadatthadīpakaṃ. Nanu avocumha – ‘oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ <a name="M0.0215"></a> samadhigamo hotīti dīpanatthaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti evaṃ vutta’nti.</p>
    1433. 

  1433. <p class="bodytext">Apica vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ sampasādanaṃ, na kilesakālusiyassa; vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā ekodibhāvaṃ, na upacārajjhānamiva nīvaraṇappahānā; na paṭhamajjhānamiva ca aṅgapātubhāvāti evaṃ sampasādanaekodibhāvānaṃ hetuparidīpakamidaṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, na tatiyacatutthajjhānāni viya, cakkhuviññāṇādīni viya ca, abhāvāti evaṃ avitakkaavicārabhāvassa hetuparidīpakañca, na vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakaṃ. Vitakkavicārābhāvamattaparidīpakameva pana avitakkaṃ avicāranti idaṃ vacanaṃ, tasmā purimaṃ vatvāpi puna vattabbamevāti.</p>
    1434. 

  1434. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samādhija</span>nti paṭhamajjhānasamādhito sampayuttasamādhito vā jātanti attho. Tattha kiñcāpi <a name="P0.0171"></a><a name="V0.0215"></a> paṭhamampi sampayuttasamādhito jātaṃ, atha kho ayameva samādhi ‘samādhī’ti vattabbataṃ arahati, vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalattā suppasannattā ca. Tasmā imassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ idameva samādhijanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pītisukha</span>nti idaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
    1435. 

  1435. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiya</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā dutiyaṃ. Idaṃ dutiyaṃ samāpajjatītipi dutiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye phasso hotī</span>tiādīsu jhānapañcake vitakkavicārapadāni maggapañcake ca sammāsaṅkappapadaṃ parihīnaṃ. Tesaṃ vasena savibhattikāvibhattikapadavinicchayo veditabbo. Koṭṭhāsavārepi <span class="bld">tivaṅgikaṃ jhānaṃ hoti, caturaṅgiko maggo hotī</span>ti āgataṃ. Sesaṃ paṭhamajjhānasadisamevāti.</p>
    1436. 

  1436. <p class="centered">Dutiyaṃ.</p>
    1437. 

  1437. <p class="subhead">Tatiyajjhānaṃ</p>
    1438. 

  1438. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para163"></a><span class="paranum">163</span>. Tatiyajjhānaniddese <span class="bld">pītiyā ca virāgā</span>ti virāgo nāma vuttappakārāya pītiyā jigucchanaṃ vā samatikkamo vā. Ubhinnaṃ pana antarā ‘ca’-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. So vūpasamaṃ vā sampiṇḍeti vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ vā. Tattha yadā vūpasamameva sampiṇḍeti tadā pītiyā virāgā ca, kiñca bhiyyo ‘vūpasamā’ cāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo jigucchanattho hoti. Tasmā pītiyā jigucchanā ca vūpasamā <a name="M0.0216"></a> cāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo. Yadā pana vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamaṃ sampiṇḍeti tadā pītiyā ca virāgā kiñca bhiyyo ‘vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā’ti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo samatikkamanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā ca samatikkamā vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1439. 

  1439. <p class="bodytext">Kāmañcete vitakkavicārā dutiyajjhāneyeva vūpasantā, imassa pana jhānassa maggaparidīpanatthaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthañcetaṃ vuttaṃ. Vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti hi vutte idaṃ paññāyati – nūna vitakkavicāravūpasamo maggo imassa jhānassāti? Yathā ca tatiye ariyamagge <a name="V0.0216"></a> appahīnānampi sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ ‘‘pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ <a name="P0.0172"></a> saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā’’ti (ma. ni. 2.132) evaṃ pahānaṃ vuccamānaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tadadhigamāya ussukkānaṃ ussāhajanakaṃ, evameva idha avūpasantānampi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo vuccamāno vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti. Tenāyamattho vutto – ‘pītiyā ca samatikkamā vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā’ti.</p>
    1440. 

  1440. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhako ca viharatī</span>ti – ettha upapattito ikkhatīti upekkhā. Samaṃ passati, apakkhapatitā hutvā passatīti attho. Tāya visadāya vipulāya thāmagatāya samannāgatattā tatiyajjhānasamaṅgī upekkhakoti vuccati.</p>
    1441. 

  1441. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhā</span> pana dasavidhā hoti – chaḷaṅgupekkhā brahmavihārupekkhā bojjhaṅgupekkhā vīriyupekkhā saṅkhārupekkhā vedanupekkhā vipassanupekkhā tatramajjhattupekkhā jhānupekkhā pārisuddhupekkhāti.</p>
    1442. 

  1442. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yā ‘‘idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti, na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno’’ti (a. ni. 5.1; mahāni. 90; cūḷani. mettagūmāṇavapucchāniddesa 18; paṭi. ma. 3.17) evamāgatā khīṇāsavassa chasu dvāresu iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhapakatibhāvāvijahanākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘chaḷaṅgupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1443. 

  1443. <p class="bodytext">Yā <a name="M0.0217"></a> pana ‘‘upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.556; ma. ni. 1.77) evamāgatā sattesu majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘brahmavihārupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1444. 

  1444. <p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissita’’nti (ma. ni. 1.27; 3.247) evamāgatā sahajātadhammānaṃ majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘bojjhaṅgupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1445. 

  1445. <p class="bodytext">Yā <a name="V0.0217"></a> pana ‘‘kālena kālaṃ upekkhānimittaṃ manasi karotī’’ti (a. ni. 3.103) evamāgatā anaccāraddhanātisithilavīriyasaṅkhātā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘vīriyupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1446. 

  1446. <p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘kati saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, kati saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjanti? Aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, dasa saṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.57) evamāgatā nīvaraṇādipaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanāgahaṇe majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘saṅkhārupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1447. 

  1447. <p class="bodytext">Yā pana ‘‘yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti upekkhāsahagata’’nti (dha. sa. 150) evamāgatā adukkhamasukhasaṅkhātā upekkhā ayaṃ ‘vedanupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1448. 

  1448. <p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘yadatthi, yaṃ bhūtaṃ, taṃ pajahati, upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī’’ti <a name="P0.0173"></a> (ma. ni. 3.71; a. ni. 7.55) evamāgatā vicinane majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘vipassanupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1449. 

  1449. <p class="bodytext">Yā pana chandādīsu yevāpanakesu āgatā sahajātānaṃ samavāhitabhūtā upekkhā ayaṃ, ‘tatramajjhattupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1450. 

  1450. <p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘upekkhako ca viharatī’’ti (dha. sa. 163; dī. ni. 1.230) evamāgatā aggasukhepi tasmiṃ apakkhapātajananī upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘jhānupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1451. 

  1451. <p class="bodytext">Yā ‘‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhāna’’nti evamāgatā sabbapaccanīkaparisuddhā paccanīkavūpasamanepi abyāpārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ ‘pārisuddhupekkhā’ nāma.</p>
    1452. 

  1452. <p class="bodytext">Tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā ca brahmavihārupekkhā ca bojjhaṅgupekkhā ca tatramajjhattupekkhā ca jhānupekkhā ca pārisuddhupekkhā ca atthato ekā tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti. Tena tena avatthābhedena panassā ayaṃ bhedo<a name="M0.0218"></a>. Ekassāpi sato sattassa kumārayuvathera senāpatirājādivasena bhedo viya. Tasmā tāsu yattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā na tattha bojjhaṅgupekkhādayo, yattha vā pana bojjhaṅgupekkhā na tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhādayo hontīti veditabbā.</p>
    1453. 

  1453. <p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="V0.0218"></a> cetāsaṃ atthato ekībhāvo, evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāvipassanupekkhānampi. Paññā eva hi esā kiccavasena dvidhā bhinnā. Yathā hi purisassa sāyaṃ gehaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ sappaṃ ajapadadaṇḍaṃ gahetvā pariyesamānassa taṃ thusakoṭṭhake nipannaṃ disvā ‘sappo nu kho no’ti avalokentassa sovatthikattayaṃ disvā nibbematikassa ‘sappo, na sappo’ti vicinane majjhattatā hoti; evameva yā āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāñāṇena lakkhaṇattaye diṭṭhe saṅkhārānaṃ aniccabhāvādivicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, ayaṃ ‘vipassanupekkhā’. Yathā pana tassa purisassa ajapadadaṇḍakena gāḷhaṃ sappaṃ gahetvā ‘kintāhaṃ imaṃ sappaṃ aviheṭhento attānañca iminā aḍaṃsāpento muñceyya’nti muñcanākārameva pariyesato gahaṇe majjhattatā hoti; evameva yā lakkhaṇattayassa diṭṭhattā, āditte viya tayo bhave passato, saṅkhāraggahaṇe majjhattatā, ayaṃ ‘saṅkhārupekkhā’. Iti vipassanupekkhāya siddhāya saṅkhārupekkhāpi siddhāva hoti. Iminā panesā vicinanaggahaṇesu majjhattasaṅkhātena kiccena dvidhā bhinnāti. Viriyupekkhā pana vedanupekkhā ca aññamaññañca avasesāhi <a name="P0.0174"></a> ca atthato bhinnāyevāti.</p>
    1454. 

  1454. <p class="bodytext">Imāsu dasasu upekkhāsu ‘jhānupekkhā’ idha adhippetā. Sā majjhattalakkhaṇā anābhogarasā abyāpārapaccupaṭṭhānā pītivirāgapadaṭṭhānāti. Etthāha – nanu cāyaṃ atthato tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti? Sā ca paṭhamadutiyajjhānesupi atthi, tasmā tatrāpi ‘upekkhako ca viharatī’ti evamayaṃ vattabbā siyā. Sā kasmā na vuttāti? Aparibyattakiccato. Aparibyattañhi tassā tattha kiccaṃ, vitakkādīhi abhibhūtattā. Idha panāyaṃ vitakkavicārapītīhi anabhibhūtattā ukkhittasirā viya hutvā paribyattakiccā jātā, tasmā vuttāti.</p>
    1455. 

  1455. <p class="centered">Niṭṭhitā upekkhako ca viharatīti etassa</p>
    1456. 

  1456. <p class="centered">Sabbaso atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
    1457. 

  1457. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0219"></a> <span class="bld">sato ca sampajāno</span>ti ettha saratīti sato. Sampajānātīti sampajāno. Iti puggalena sati ca sampajaññañca vuttaṃ. Tattha saraṇalakkhaṇā sati, asammussanarasā, ārakkhapaccupaṭṭhānā. Asammohalakkhaṇaṃ sampajaññaṃ, tīraṇarasaṃ, pavicayapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
    1458. 

  1458. <p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi idaṃ satisampajaññaṃ purimajjhānesupi atthi – muṭṭhassatissa hi asampajānassa <a name="V0.0219"></a> upacāramattampi na sampajjati, pageva appanā – oḷārikattā pana tesaṃ jhānānaṃ, bhūmiyaṃ viya purisassa, cittassa gati sukhā hoti, abyattaṃ tattha satisampajaññakiccaṃ. Oḷārikaṅgappahānena pana sukhumattā imassa jhānassa, purisassa khuradhārāyaṃ viya, satisampajaññakiccapariggahitā eva cittassa gati icchitabbāti idheva vuttaṃ. Kiñca bhiyyo? Yathā dhenupago vaccho dhenuto apanīto arakkhiyamāno punadeva dhenuṃ upagacchati, evamidaṃ tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ pītito apanītampi satisampajaññārakkhena arakkhiyamānaṃ punadeva pītiṃ upagaccheyya, pītisampayuttameva siyā. Sukhe vāpi sattā sārajjanti, idañca atimadhuraṃ sukhaṃ, tato paraṃ sukhābhāvā. Satisampajaññānubhāvena panettha sukhe asārajjanā hoti, no aññathāti imampi atthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ idamidheva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1459. 

  1459. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī</span>ti ettha <a name="P0.0175"></a> kiñcāpi tatiyajjhānasamaṅgino sukhapaṭisaṃvedanābhogo natthi, evaṃ santepi yasmā tassa nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, yaṃ vā taṃ nāmakāyasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃsamuṭṭhānenassa yasmā atipaṇītena rūpena rūpakāyo phuṭo, yassa phuṭattā jhānā vuṭṭhitopi sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya, tasmā etamatthaṃ dassento ‘sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī’ti āha.</p>
    1460. 

  1460. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī</span>ti ettha yaṃjhānahetu yaṃjhānakāraṇā taṃ tatiyajjhānasamaṅgīpuggalaṃ buddhādayo ariyā ‘‘ācikkhanti desenti paññāpenti paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti pakāse’’nti pasaṃsantīti adhippāyo – kinti? ‘Upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti – taṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti evamettha yojanā veditabbā.</p>
    1461. 

  1461. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="M0.0220"></a> pana taṃ te evaṃ pasaṃsantīti? Pasaṃsārahato. Ayañhi yasmā atimadhurasukhe sukhapāramippattepi tatiyajjhāne upekkhako, na tattha sukhābhisaṅgena ākaḍḍhīyati, ‘yathā ca pīti na uppajjati’ evaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitāya satimā, yasmā ca ariyakantaṃ ariyajanasevitameva asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ nāmakāyena paṭisaṃvedeti tasmā pasaṃsāraho; iti pasaṃsārahato naṃ ariyā te evaṃ pasaṃsāhetubhūte guṇe pakāsentā ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti evaṃ pasaṃsantīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1462. 

  1462. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatiya</span>nti <a name="V0.0220"></a> gaṇanānupubbatā tatiyaṃ. Idaṃ tatiyaṃ samāpajjatītipi tatiyaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmiṃ samaye phasso hotī</span>tiādīsu jhānapañcake pītipadampi parihīnaṃ. Tassāpi vasena savibhattikāvibhattikapadavinicchayo veditabbo. Koṭṭhāsavārepi <span class="bld">duvaṅgikaṃ jhānaṃ hotī</span>ti āgataṃ. Sesaṃ dutiyajjhānasadisamevāti.</p>
    1463. 

  1463. <p class="centered">Tatiyaṃ.</p>
    1464. 

  1464. <p class="subhead">Catutthajjhānaṃ</p>
    1465. 

  1465. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. Catutthajjhānaniddese <span class="bld">sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā</span>ti kāyikasukhassa ca kāyikadukkhassa ca pahānā. <span class="bld">Pubbevā</span>ti tañca kho pubbeva na catutthajjhānakkhaṇe. <span class="bld">Somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā</span>ti cetasikasukhassa ca cetasikadukkhassa cāti imesampi <a name="P0.0176"></a> dvinnaṃ pubbeva atthaṅgamā; pahānā icceva vuttaṃ hoti. Kadā pana nesaṃ pahānaṃ hoti? Catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇe. Somanassañhi catutthajjhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyati. Dukkhadomanassasukhāni paṭhamadutiyatatiyajjhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇesu. Evametesaṃ pahānakkamena avuttānaṃ <span class="bld">indriyavibhaṅge</span> pana indriyānaṃ uddesakkameneva idhāpi vuttānaṃ sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassānaṃ pahānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1466. 

  1466. <p class="bodytext">Yadi panetāni tassa tassa jhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyanti, atha kasmā ‘‘kattha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vivicceva <a name="M0.0221"></a> kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, etthuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Kattha cuppannaṃ domanassindriyaṃ… sukhindriyaṃ… somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Etthuppannaṃ somanassindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.510) evaṃ jhānesveva nirodho vuttoti? Atisayanirodhattā. Atisayanirodho hi tesaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīsu, na nirodhoyeva. Nirodhoyeva pana upacārakkhaṇe, nātisayanirodho. Tathā hi nānāvajjane paṭhamajjhānupacāre <a name="V0.0221"></a> niruddhassāpi dukkhindriyassa ḍaṃsamakasādisamphassena vā, visamāsanupatāpena vā siyā uppatti, natveva antoappanāyaṃ. Upacāre vā niruddhampetaṃ na suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti, paṭipakkhena avihatattā. Antoappanāyaṃ pana pītipharaṇena sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hoti. Sukhokkantakāyassa ca suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti dukkhindriyaṃ, paṭipakkhena vihatattā. Nānāvajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhānupacāre pahīnassa domanassindriyassa yasmā etaṃ vitakkavicārapaccayepi kāyakilamathe cittupaghāte ca sati uppajjati, vitakkavicārābhāve neva uppajjati; yattha pana uppajjati tattha vitakkavicārabhāve; appahīnā eva ca dutiyajjhānupacāre vitakkavicārāti tatthassa siyā uppatti, natveva dutiyajjhāne, pahīnapaccayattā. Tathā tatiyajjhānupacāre pahīnassāpi sukhindriyassa pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭakāyassa siyā uppatti, natveva tatiyajjhāne. Tatiyajjhāne hi sukhassa paccayabhūtā pīti sabbaso niruddhāti. Tathā <a name="P0.0177"></a> catutthajjhānupacāre pahīnassāpi somanassindriyassa āsannattā, appanāppattāya upekkhāya abhāvena sammā anatikkantattā ca, siyā uppatti, natveva catutthajjhāne. Tasmā eva ca ‘etthuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī’ti tattha tattha aparisesaggahaṇaṃ katanti.</p>
    1467. 

  1467. <p class="bodytext">Etthāha – ‘athevaṃ tassa tassa jhānassupacāre pahīnāpi etā vedanā idha kasmā samāhaṭā’ti? ‘Sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ’. Yā hi ayaṃ ‘adukkhamasukha’nti ettha adukkhamasukhā vedanā vuttā, sā sukhumā, dubbiññeyyā, na sakkā sukhena gahetuṃ. Tasmā yathā nāma duṭṭhassa yathā tathā vā upasaṅkamitvā gahetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa goṇassa gahaṇatthaṃ gopo ekasmiṃ vaje sabbā gāvo samāharati, athekekaṃ nīharanto paṭipāṭiyā āgataṃ ‘ayaṃ <a name="M0.0222"></a> so, gaṇhatha na’nti tampi gāhāpayati; evameva bhagavā sukhagahaṇatthaṃ sabbāpi etā samāharīti. Evañhi samāhaṭā etā dassetvā yaṃ neva sukhaṃ na dukkhaṃ, na somanassaṃ na domanassaṃ, ayaṃ adukkhamasukhāvedanāti sakkā hoti esā gāhayituṃ.</p>
    1468. 

  1468. <p class="bodytext">Apica adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā paccayadassanatthañcāpi etā vuttāti veditabbā. Sukhadukkhappahānādayo hi tassā paccayā. Yathāha – ‘‘cattāro kho, āvuso, paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā. Idhāvuso bhikkhu, sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ime kho, āvuso, cattāro paccayā adukkhamasukhāya <a name="V0.0222"></a> cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.458). Yathā vā aññattha pahīnāpi sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo tatiyamaggassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ tattha pahīnāti vuttā, evaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthampetassa jhānassetā idha vuttāti veditabbā. Paccayaghātena vā ettha rāgadosānaṃ atidūrabhāvaṃ dassetumpetā vuttāti veditabbā. Etāsu hi sukhaṃ somanassassa paccayo, somanassaṃ rāgassa; dukkhaṃ domanassassa, domanassaṃ dosassa. Sukhādighātena ca sappaccayā rāgadosā hatāti atidūre hontīti.</p>
    1469. 

  1469. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Adukkhamasukha</span>nti dukkhābhāvena adukkhaṃ, sukhābhāvena asukhaṃ. Etenettha dukkhasukhappaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tatiyavedanaṃ dīpeti, na dukkhasukhābhāvamattaṃ. Tatiyavedanā nāma adukkhamasukhā. Upekkhātipi vuccati. Sā <a name="P0.0178"></a> iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā, majjhattarasā, avibhūtapaccupaṭṭhānā, sukhanirodhapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    1470. 

  1470. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhāsatipārisuddhi</span>nti upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhiṃ. Imasmiñhi jhāne suparisuddhā sati. Yā ca tassā satiyā pārisuddhi sā upekkhāya katā, na aññena. Tasmā etaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅgepi</span> vuttaṃ – ‘‘ayaṃ sati imāya upekkhāya visadā hoti parisuddhā pariyodātā, tena vuccati upekkhāsatipārisuddhī’’ti (vibha. 597). Yāya ca upekkhāya ettha sati pārisuddhi hoti sā atthato tatramajjhattatāti veditabbā. Na kevalañcettha tāya satiyeva parisuddhā apica kho sabbepi sampayuttadhammā. Satisīsena pana desanā vuttā.</p>
    1471. 

  1471. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0223"></a> kiñcāpi ayaṃ upekkhā heṭṭhāpi tīsu jhānesu vijjati – yathā pana divā sūriyappabhābhibhavā sommabhāvena ca attano upakārakattena vā sabhāgāya rattiyā alābhā divā vijjamānāpi candalekhā aparisuddhā hoti apariyodātā – evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā appaṭilābhā vijjamānāpi paṭhamādijjhānabhedesu aparisuddhā hoti. Tassā ca aparisuddhāya divā aparisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo aparisuddhāva honti. Tasmā tesu ekampi ‘upekkhāsatipārisuddhī’ti na vuttaṃ. Idha pana vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavābhāvā sabhāgāya ca upekkhā vedanārattiyā paṭilābhā ayaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā <a name="V0.0223"></a> ativiya parisuddhā. Tassā parisuddhattā parisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo parisuddhā honti pariyodātā. Tasmā idameva upekkhāsatipārisuddhīti vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1472. 

  1472. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catuttha</span>nti gaṇanānupubbatā catutthaṃ. Idaṃ catutthaṃ samāpajjatītipi catutthaṃ. <span class="bld">Phasso hotī</span>tiādīsu phassapañcake tāva vedanāti upekkhāvedanā veditabbā. Jhānapañcakaindriyaaṭṭhakesu pana upekkhā hoti upekkhindriyaṃ <a name="P0.0179"></a> hotīti (dha. sa. 165) vuttameva. Sesāni tatiye parihīnapadāni idhāpi parihīnāneva. Koṭṭhāsavārepi <span class="bld">duvaṅgikaṃ jhāna</span>nti upekkhācittekaggatāvaseneva veditabbaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ tatiyasadisamevāti.</p>
    1473. 

  1473. <p class="centered">Catukkanayo niṭṭhito.</p>
    1474. 

  1474. <p class="subhead">Pañcakanayo</p>
    1475. 

  1475. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>ti pañcakanayo āraddho. Kasmāti ce, puggalajjhāsayavasena ceva desanāvilāsena ca. Sannisinnadevaparisāya kira ekaccānaṃ devānaṃ vitakko eva oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, vicārapītisukhacittekaggatā santato. Tesaṃ sappāyavasena satthā caturaṅgikaṃ avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ nāma bhājesi. Ekaccānaṃ <a name="M0.0224"></a> vicāro oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, pītisukhacittekaggatā santato. Tesaṃ sappāyavasena tivaṅgikaṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ nāma bhājesi. Ekaccānaṃ pīti oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, sukhacittekaggatā santato. Tesaṃ sappāyavasena duvaṅgikaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ nāma bhājesi. Ekaccānaṃ sukhaṃ oḷārikato upaṭṭhāsi, upekkhācittekaggatā santato. Tesaṃ sappāyavasena duvaṅgikaṃ pañcamajjhānaṃ nāma bhājesi. Ayaṃ tāva ‘puggalajjhāsayo’.</p>
    1476. 

  1476. <p class="bodytext">Yassā pana dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā desanāvilāsappatto nāma hoti – sā tathāgatassa suṭṭhu paṭividdhā – tasmā ñāṇamahattatāya desanāvidhānesu kusalo desanāvilāsappatto satthā yaṃ yaṃ <a name="V0.0224"></a> aṅgaṃ labbhati tassa tassa vasena yathā yathā icchati tathā tathā desanaṃ niyāmetīti so idha pañcaṅgikaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ bhājesi, caturaṅgikaṃ avitakkaṃ vicāramattaṃ dutiyajjhānaṃ, bhājesi tivaṅgikaṃ tatiyajjhānaṃ, bhājesi duvaṅgikaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ, duvaṅgikameva pañcamajjhānaṃ bhājesi. Ayaṃ ‘desanāvilāso’ nāma.</p>
    1477. 

  1477. <p class="bodytext">Apica ye bhagavatā ‘‘tayome, bhikkhave, samādhī – savitakkasavicāro samādhi, avitakkavicāramatto samādhi, avitakkaavicāro samādhī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.305) suttante tayo samādhī desitā, tesu heṭṭhā savitakkasavicāro samādhi avitakkaavicāro <a name="P0.0180"></a> samādhi ca bhājetvā dassito, avitakkavicāramatto na dassito. Taṃ dassetumpi ayaṃ pañcakanayo āraddhoti veditabbo.</p>
    1478. 

  1478. <p class="bodytext">Tattha dutiyajjhānaniddese phassādīsu vitakkamattaṃ parihāyati, koṭṭhāsavāre ‘‘caturaṅgikaṃ jhānaṃ hoti caturaṅgiko maggo hotī’’ti ayameva viseso. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ paṭhamajjhānasadisameva. Yāni ca catukkanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthāni tāneva idha tatiyacatutthapañcamāni. Tesaṃ adhigamapaṭipāṭidīpanatthaṃ ayaṃ nayo veditabbo –</p>
    1479. 

  1479. <p class="bodytext">Eko kira amaccaputto rājānaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ janapadato nagaraṃ āgato. So ekadivasameva rājānaṃ disvā pānabyasanena sabbaṃ vibhavajātaṃ nāsesi. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ surāmadamattaṃ niccoḷaṃ katvā jiṇṇakaṭasārakamattena <a name="M0.0225"></a> paṭicchādetvā pānāgārato nīhariṃsu. Tamenaṃ saṅkārakūṭe nipajjitvā niddāyantaṃ eko aṅgavijjāpāṭhako disvā ‘ayaṃ puriso mahājanassa avassayo bhavissati, paṭijaggitabbo eso’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ katvā mattikāya nhāpetvā thūlasāṭakayugaṃ nivāsāpetvā puna gandhodakena nhāpetvā sukhumena dukūlayugaḷena acchādetvā pāsādaṃ āropetvā subhojanaṃ bhojetvā ‘evaṃ naṃ paricāreyyāthā’ti paricārake paṭipādetvā pakkāmi. Atha naṃ te sayanaṃ āropesuṃ. Pānāgāragamanapaṭibāhanatthañca naṃ cattāro tāva janā catūsu hatthapādesu uppīḷetvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Eko pāde parimajji. Eko tālavaṇṭaṃ gahetvā bīji. Eko vīṇaṃ vādayamāno gāyanto nisīdi.</p>
    1480. 

  1480. <p class="bodytext">So sayanupagamanena vigatakilamatho thokaṃ niddāyitvā vuṭṭhito hatthapādanippīḷanaṃ asahamāno <a name="V0.0225"></a> ‘ko me hatthapāde uppīḷeti? Apagacchathā’ti tajjesi. Te ekavacaneneva apagacchiṃsu. Tato puna thokaṃ niddāyitvā vuṭṭhito pādaparimajjanaṃ asahamāno ‘ko me pāde parimajjati? Apagacchā’ti āha. Sopi ekavacaneneva apagacchi. Puna thokaṃ niddāyitvā vuṭṭhito vātavuṭṭhi viya tālavaṇṭavātaṃ asahanto ‘ko esa? Apagacchatū’ti āha. Sopi ekavacaneneva apagacchi. Puna thokaṃ niddāyitvā vuṭṭhito kaṇṇasūlaṃ viya gītavāditasaddaṃ asahamāno vīṇāvādakaṃ tajjesi. Sopi ekavacaneneva apagacchi. Athevaṃ <a name="P0.0181"></a> anukkamena pahīnakilamathuppīḷanaparimajjanavātappahāragītavāditasaddupaddavo sukhaṃ sayitvā vuṭṭhāya rañño santikaṃ agamāsi. Rājāpissa mahantaṃ issariyamadāsi. So mahājanassa avassayo jāto.</p>
    1481. 

  1481. <p class="bodytext">Tattha pānabyasanena pārijuññappatto so amaccaputto viya anekabyasanapārijuññappatto gharāvāsagato kulaputto daṭṭhabbo. Aṅgavijjāpāṭhako puriso viya tathāgato. Tassa purisassa ‘ayaṃ mahājanassa avassayo bhavissati, paṭijagganaṃ arahatī’ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ viya tathāgatassa ‘ayaṃ mahājanassa avassayo bhavissati, pabbajjaṃ arahati kulaputto’ti sanniṭṭhānakaraṇaṃ.</p>
    1482. 

  1482. <p class="bodytext">Athassa <a name="M0.0226"></a> amaccaputtassa mattikāmattena nhāpanaṃ viya kulaputtassāpi pabbajjāpaṭilābho. Athassa thūlasāṭakanivāsanaṃ viya imassāpi dasasikkhāpadasaṅkhātasīlavatthanivāsanaṃ. Puna tassa gandhodakanhāpanaṃ viya imassāpi pātimokkhasaṃvarādisīlagandhodakanhāpanaṃ. Puna tassa sukhumadukūlayugaḷacchādanaṃ viya imassāpi yathāvuttasīlavisuddhisampadāsaṅkhātadukūlacchādanaṃ.</p>
    1483. 

  1483. <p class="bodytext">Dukūlacchāditassa panassa pāsādāropanaṃ viya imassāpi sīlavisuddhidukūlacchāditassa samādhibhāvanāpāsādārohanaṃ. Tato tassa subhojanabhuñjanaṃ viya imassāpi samādhiupakārakasatisampajaññādidhammāmataparibhuñjanaṃ.</p>
    1484. 

  1484. <p class="bodytext">Bhuttabhojanassa pana tassa paricārakehi sayanāropanaṃ viya imassāpi vitakkādīhi upacārajjhānāropanaṃ. Puna tassa pānāgāragamanapaṭibāhanatthaṃ hatthapāduppīḷanakapurisacatukkaṃ viya imassāpi kāmasaññābhimukhagamanapaṭibāhanatthaṃ ārammaṇe cittuppīḷanako nekkhammavitakko. Tassa <a name="V0.0226"></a> pādaparimajjakapuriso viya imassāpi ārammaṇe cittānumajjanako vicāro. Tassa tālavaṇṭavātadāyako viya imassāpi cetaso sītalabhāvadāyikā pīti.</p>
    1485. 

  1485. <p class="bodytext">Tassa sotānuggahakaro gandhabbapuriso viya imassāpi cittānuggāhakaṃ somanassaṃ. Tassa sayanupagamanena vigatakilamathassa thokaṃ niddupagamanaṃ viya imassāpi upacārajjhānasannissayena vigatanīvaraṇakilamathassa paṭhamajjhānupagamanaṃ.</p>
    1486. 

  1486. <p class="bodytext">Athassa niddāyitvā vuṭṭhitassa hatthapāduppīḷanāsahanena hatthapāduppīḷakānaṃ santajjanaṃ tesañca apagamanena puna thokaṃ niddupagamanaṃ viya imassāpi paṭhamajjhānato vuṭṭhitassa <a name="P0.0182"></a> cittuppīḷakavitakkāsahanena vitakkadosadassanaṃ, vitakkappahānā ca puna avitakkavicāramattadutiyajjhānupagamanaṃ.</p>
    1487. 

  1487. <p class="bodytext">Tato tassa punappunaṃ niddāyitvā vuṭṭhitassa yathāvuttena kamena pādaparimajjanādīnaṃ asahanena paṭipāṭiyā pādaparimajjakādīnaṃ santajjanaṃ, tesaṃ tesañca apagamanena punappunaṃ thokaṃ niddupagamanaṃ viya imassāpi punappunaṃ dutiyādīhi jhānehi vuṭṭhitassa yathāvuttadosānaṃ vicārādīnaṃ asahanena <a name="M0.0227"></a> paṭipāṭiyā vicārādidosadassanaṃ. Tesaṃ tesañca pahānā punappunaṃ avitakkaavicāranippītika pahīnasomanassajjhānupagamanaṃ.</p>
    1488. 

  1488. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pana sayanā vuṭṭhāya rañño santikaṃ gatassa issariyappatti viya imassāpi pañcamajjhānato vuṭṭhitassa vipassanā maggaṃ upagatassa arahattappatti.</p>
    1489. 

  1489. <p class="bodytext">Tassa pattissariyassa bahūnaṃ janānaṃ avassayabhāvo viya imassāpi arahattappattassa bahūnaṃ avassayabhāvo veditabbo. Ettāvatā hi esa anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ nāma hotīti.</p>
    1490. 

  1490. <p class="centered">Pañcakanayo niṭṭhito.</p>
    1491. 

  1491. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā catukkapañcakanayadvayabhedo suddhikanavako nāma pakāsito hoti. Atthato panesa pañcakanaye catukkanayassa paviṭṭhattā jhānapañcako evāti veditabbo.</p>
    1492. 

  1492. <p class="subhead">Paṭipadācatukkaṃ</p>
    1493. 

  1493. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para176-180"></a><span class="paranum">176-180</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0227"></a> yasmā etaṃ jhānaṃ nāma paṭipadākamena sijjhati, tasmā tassa paṭipadābhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">puna katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha dukkhā paṭipadā assāti <span class="bld">dukkhapaṭipadaṃ</span>. Dandhā abhiññā assāti <span class="bld">dandhābhiññaṃ</span>. Iti dukkhapaṭipadanti vā dandhābhiññanti vā pathavīkasiṇanti vā tīṇipi jhānasseva nāmāni. <span class="bld">Dukkhapaṭipadaṃ khippābhiñña</span>ntiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1494. 

  1494. <p class="bodytext">Tattha paṭhamasamannāhārato paṭṭhāya yāva tassa tassa jhānassa upacāraṃ uppajjati tāva pavattā jhānabhāvanā ‘paṭipadā’ti vuccati. Upacārato pana paṭṭhāya yāva appanā tāva pavattā paññā ‘abhiññā’ti vuccati. Sā panesā paṭipadā ekaccassa dukkhā hoti. Nīvaraṇādipaccanīkadhammasamudācāragahanatāya <a name="P0.0183"></a> kicchā asukhasevanāti attho. Ekaccassa tadabhāvena sukhā. Abhiññāpi ekaccassa dandhā hoti, mandā, asīghappavatti. Ekaccassa khippā amandā sīghappavatti. Tasmā yo ādito kilese vikkhambhento dukkhena sasaṅkhārena sappayogena kilamanto vikkhambheti<a name="M0.0228"></a>, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā nāma hoti. Yo pana vikkhambhitakileso appanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena aṅgapātubhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti, tassa dandhābhiññā nāma hoti. Yo khippaṃ aṅgapātubhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti tassa khippābhiññā nāma hoti. Yo kilese vikkhambhento sukhena akilamanto vikkhambheti, tassa sukhā paṭipadā nāma hoti.</p>
    1495. 

  1495. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yāni sappāyāsappāyāni ca palibodhupacchedādīni pubbakiccāni ca appanākosallāni ca <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> cittabhāvanāniddese niddiṭṭhāni, tesu yo asappāyasevī hoti, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā dandhā ca abhiññā hoti. Sappāyasevino sukhā paṭipadā khippā ca abhiññā. Yo pana pubbabhāge asappāyaṃ sevitvā aparabhāge sappāyasevī hoti, pubbabhāge vā sappāyaṃ sevitvā aparabhāge asappāyasevī, tassa vomissakatā veditabbā. Tathā palibodhupacchedādikaṃ pubbakiccaṃ asampādetvā bhāvanaṃ anuyuttassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, vipariyāyena sukhā. Appanākosallāni pana asampādentassa dandhā abhiññā hoti, sampādentassa khippā.</p>
    1496. 

  1496. <p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="V0.0228"></a> taṇhāavijjāvasena samathavipassanākatādhikāravasena cāpi etāsaṃ pabhedo veditabbo. Taṇhābhibhūtassa hi dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, anabhibhūtassa sukhā. Avijjābhibhūtassa ca dandhā abhiññā hoti, anabhibhūtassa khippā. Yo ca samathe akatādhikāro tassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti, katādhikārassa sukhā. Yo pana vipassanāya akatādhikāro hoti, tassa dandhā abhiññā hoti, katādhikārassa khippā.</p>
    1497. 

  1497. <p class="bodytext">Kilesindriyavasena cāpi etāsaṃ pabhedo veditabbo. Tibbakilesassa hi mudindriyassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti dandhā ca abhiññā, tikkhindriyassa pana khippā abhiññā. Mandakilesassa ca mudindriyassa sukhā paṭipadā hoti dandhā ca abhiññā, tikkhindriyassa pana khippā abhiññāti.</p>
    1498. 

  1498. <p class="bodytext">Iti imāsu paṭipadāabhiññāsu yo puggalo dukkhāya paṭipadāya <a name="P0.0184"></a> dandhāya abhiññāya jhānaṃ pāpuṇāti, tassa taṃ jhānaṃ dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiññanti vuccati. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1499. 

  1499. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0229"></a> ‘tadanudhammatā sati santiṭṭhati ṭhitibhāginī paññā’ti (vibha. 799) evaṃ vuttasatiyā vā taṃtaṃjhānanikantiyā vā vikkhambhane paṭipadā, taṃtaṃjhānupacārappattassa appanāya parivāse abhiññā ca veditabbā. Āgamanavasenāpi ca paṭipadā abhiññā hontiyeva. Dukkhapaṭipadañhi dandhābhiññaṃ paṭhamajjhānaṃ patvā pavattaṃ dutiyampi tādisameva hoti. Tatiyacatutthesupi eseva nayo. Yathā ca catukkanaye evaṃ pañcakanayepi paṭipadāvasena catudhā bhedo veditabbo. Iti paṭipadāvasenapi cattāro navakā vuttā honti. Tesu pāṭhato chattiṃsa cittāni, atthato pana pañcakanaye catukkanayassa paviṭṭhattā vīsatimeva bhavantīti.</p>
    1500. 

  1500. <p class="centered">Paṭipadācatukkaṃ.</p>
    1501. 

  1501. <p class="subhead">Ārammaṇacatukkaṃ</p>
    1502. 

  1502. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para181"></a><span class="paranum">181</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0229"></a> yasmā etaṃ jhānaṃ nāma yathā paṭipadābhedena evaṃ ārammaṇabhedenāpi catubbidhaṃ hoti. Tasmāssa taṃ pabhedaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">parittaṃ parittārammaṇa</span>ntiādīsu yaṃ appaguṇaṃ hoti, uparijjhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ na sakkoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">parittaṃ nāma</span>. Yaṃ pana avaḍḍhite suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā ārammaṇe pavattaṃ, taṃ parittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">parittārammaṇaṃ</span>. Yaṃ paguṇaṃ subhāvitaṃ uparijjhānassa paccayo bhavituṃ sakkoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ vipule ārammaṇe pavattaṃ taṃ vuḍḍhippamāṇattā appamāṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ assāti <span class="bld">appamāṇārammaṇaṃ</span>. Vuttalakkhaṇavomissakatāya pana vomissakanayo veditabbo. Iti ārammaṇavasenapi cattāro navakā vuttā honti. Cittagaṇanāpettha purimasadisā evāti.</p>
    1503. 

  1503. <p class="centered">Ārammaṇacatukkaṃ.</p>
    1504. 

  1504. <p class="subhead">Ārammaṇapaṭipadāmissakaṃ</p>
    1505. 

  1505. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. Idāni ārammaṇapaṭipadāmissakaṃ soḷasakkhattukanayaṃ <a name="P0.0185"></a> dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha paṭhamanaye vuttajjhānaṃ <a name="M0.0230"></a> dukkhapaṭipadattā dandhābhiññattā parittattā parittārammaṇattāti catūhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">hīnaṃ,</span> soḷasamanaye vuttajjhānaṃ sukhapaṭipadattā khippābhiññattā appamāṇattā appamāṇārammaṇattāti catūhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ</span>. Sesesu cuddasasu ekena dvīhi tīhi ca kāraṇehi hīnappaṇītatā veditabbā.</p>
    1506. 

  1506. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā panāyaṃ nayo desitoti? Jhānuppattikāraṇattā. Sammāsambuddhena hi pathavīkasiṇe suddhikajjhānaṃ catukkanayavasena pañcakanayavasena ca dassitaṃ; tathā suddhikapaṭipadā, tathā suddhikārammaṇaṃ. Tattha yā devatā pathavīkasiṇe suddhikajjhānaṃ catukkanayavasena desiyamānaṃ bujjhituṃ sakkonti, tāsaṃ sappāyavasena suddhikajjhāne catukkanayo desito. Yā pañcakanayavasena desiyamānaṃ bujjhituṃ sakkonti, tāsaṃ sappāyavasena pañcakanayo. Yā suddhikapaṭipadāya<a name="V0.0230"></a>, suddhikārammaṇe catukkanayavasena desiyamānaṃ bujjhituṃ sakkonti, tāsaṃ sappāyavasena suddhikapaṭipadāya suddhikārammaṇe catukkanayo desito. Yā pañcakanayavasena desiyamānaṃ bujjhituṃ sakkonti tāsaṃ sappāyavasena pañcakanayo. Iti heṭṭhā puggalajjhāsayavasena desanā katā.</p>
    1507. 

  1507. <p class="bodytext">Desanāvilāsappatto cesa pabhinnapaṭisambhido dasabalacatuvesārajjavisadañāṇo dhammānaṃ yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇassa suppaṭividdhattā dhammapaññattikusalatāya yo yo nayo labbhati tassa tassa vasena desanaṃ niyametuṃ sakkoti, tasmā imāya desanāvilāsappattiyāpi tena esā pathavīkasiṇe suddhikacatukkanayādivasena desanā katā.</p>
    1508. 

  1508. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana ye keci jhānaṃ uppādenti nāma na te ārammaṇapaṭipadāhi vinā uppādetuṃ sakkonti, tasmā niyamato jhānuppattikāraṇattā ayaṃ soḷasakkhattukanayo kathito.</p>
    1509. 

  1509. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā suddhikanavako, cattāro paṭipadānavakā, cattāro ārammaṇanavakā, ime ca soḷasa navakāti pañcavīsati navakā kathitā honti. Tattha ekekasmiṃ navake catukkapañcakavasena dve dve nayāti paññāsa nayā. Tattha ‘‘pañcavīsatiyā catukkanayesu <a name="P0.0186"></a> sataṃ, pañcakanayesu pañcavīsasata’’nti pāṭhato pañcavīsādhikāni dve jhānacittasatāni honti. Pañcakanaye pana catukkanayassa paviṭṭhattā atthato pañcavīsādhikameva cittasataṃ <a name="M0.0231"></a> hoti. Yāni cetāni pāṭhe pañcavīsādhikāni dve cittasatāni tesu ekekassa niddese dhammavavatthānādayo tayo tayo mahāvārā honti. Te pana tattha tattha nayamattameva dassetvā saṃkhittāti.</p>
    1510. 

  1510. <p class="centered">Pathavīkasiṇaṃ.</p>
    1511. 

  1511. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para203"></a><span class="paranum">203</span>. Idāni yasmā āpokasiṇādīsupi etāni jhānāni uppajjanti, tasmā tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tesu sabbo pāḷinayo ca atthavibhāvanā ca cittagaṇanā ca vārasaṅkhepo ca pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Bhāvanānayo pana kasiṇaparikammaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbo <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi 1.91 ādayo) pakāsitoyeva. <span class="bld">Mahāsakuludāyisutte</span> pana dasakasiṇāni (ma. ni. 2.250) vuttāni. Tesu viññāṇakasiṇaṃ ākāse <a name="V0.0231"></a> pavattitamahaggataviññāṇampi tattha parikammaṃ katvā nibbattā viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattipi hotīti sabbappakārena āruppadesanameva bhajati, tasmā imasmiṃ ṭhāne na kathitaṃ.</p>
    1512. 

  1512. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsakasiṇa</span>nti pana kasiṇugghāṭimamākāsampi, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā pavattakkhandhāpi, bhitticchiddādīsu aññatarasmiṃ gahetabbanimittaparicchedākāsampi, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannaṃ catukkapañcakajjhānampi vuccati. Tattha purimanayo āruppadesanaṃ bhajati, pacchimanayo rūpāvacaradesanaṃ. Iti missakattā imaṃ rūpāvacaradesanaṃ na āruḷhaṃ. Paricchedākāse nibbattajjhānaṃ pana rūpūpapattiyā maggo hoti tasmā taṃ gahetabbaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana catukkapañcakajjhānameva uppajjati, arūpajjhānaṃ nuppajjati. Kasmā? Kasiṇugghāṭanassa alābhato. Tañhi punappunaṃ ugghāṭiyamānampi ākāsameva hotīti na tattha kasiṇugghāṭanaṃ labbhati, tasmā tatthuppannaṃ jhānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya saṃvattati, abhiññāpādakaṃ hoti, vipassanāpādakaṃ hoti, nirodhapādakaṃ na hoti. Anupubbanirodho panettha yāva <a name="P0.0187"></a> pañcamajjhānā labbhati vaṭṭapādakaṃ hotiyeva. Yathā cetaṃ evaṃ purimakasiṇesu uppannaṃ jhānampi. Nirodhapādakabhāvo panettha viseso. Sesamettha ākāsakasiṇe yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā taṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.98-99) vuttameva.</p>
    1513. 

  1513. <p class="bodytext">‘Ekopi <a name="M0.0232"></a> hutvā bahudhā hotī’tiādinayaṃ (dī. ni. 1.239; paṭi. ma. 1.102) pana vikubbanaṃ icchantena purimesu aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu aṭṭha samāpattiyo nibbattetvā kasiṇānulomato kasiṇapaṭilomato, kasiṇānulomapaṭilomato; jhānānulomato, jhānapaṭilomato, jhānānulomapaṭilomato; jhānukkantikato, kasiṇukkantikato, jhānakasiṇukkantikato; aṅgasaṅkantikato, ārammaṇasaṅkantikato, aṅgārammaṇasaṅkantikato; aṅgavavatthānato, ārammaṇavavatthānatoti imehi cuddasahākārehi cittaṃ paridametabbaṃ. Tesaṃ vitthārakathā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.365-366) vuttāyeva.</p>
    1514. 

  1514. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pana cuddasahākārehi cittaṃ aparidametvā, pubbe abhāvitabhāvano ādikammiko yogāvacaro iddhivikubbanaṃ sampādessatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Ādikammikassa hi kasiṇaparikammampi bhāro; satesu sahassesu vā ekova sakkoti. Katakasiṇaparikammassa nimittuppādanaṃ bhāro; satesu sahassesu vā ekova sakkoti. Uppanne nimitte taṃ vaḍḍhetvā appanādhigamo <a name="V0.0232"></a> bhāro, satesu sahassesu vā ekova sakkoti. Adhigatappanassa cuddasahākārehi cittaparidamanaṃ bhāro; satesu sahassesu vā ekova sakkoti. Cuddasahākārehi paridamitacittassāpi iddhivikubbanaṃ nāma bhāro, satesu sahassesu vā ekova sakkoti. Vikubbanappattassāpi khippanisantibhāvo nāma bhāro; satesu sahassesu vā ekova khippanisanti hoti. Therambatthale <span class="bld">mahārohanaguttattherassa</span> gilānupaṭṭhānaṃ āgatesu tiṃsamattesu iddhimantasahassesu upasampadāya aṭṭhavassiko <span class="bld">rakkhitatthero viya</span>. Sabbaṃ vatthu <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 2.367) vitthāritamevāti.</p>
    1515. 

  1515. <p class="centered">Kasiṇakathā.</p>
    1516. 

  1516. <p class="subhead">Abhibhāyatanakathā</p>
    1517. 

  1517. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. Evaṃ aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu rūpāvacarakusalaṃ niddisitvā, idāni yasmā samānepi ārammaṇe bhāvanāya asamānaṃ imesu aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu aññampi abhibhāyatanasaṅkhātaṃ rūpāvacarakusalaṃ <a name="P0.0188"></a> pavattati, tasmā <a name="M0.0233"></a> taṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññī</span>ti alābhitāya vā anatthikatāya vā ajjhattarūpe parikammasaññāvirahito. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā rūpāni passatī</span>ti bahiddhā aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu kataparikammatāya parikammavasena ceva appanāvasena ca tāni bahiddhā aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu rūpāni passati. <span class="bld">Parittānī</span>ti avaḍḍhitāni. <span class="bld">Tāni abhibhuyyā</span>ti yathā nāma sampannagahaṇiko kaṭacchumattaṃ bhattaṃ labhitvā ‘kiṃ ettha bhuñjitabbaṃ atthī’ti saṅkaḍḍhitvā ekakabaḷameva karoti, evameva ñāṇuttariko puggalo visadañāṇo ‘kimettha parittake ārammaṇe samāpajjitabbaṃ atthi, nāyaṃ mama bhāro’ti tāni rūpāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati. Saha nimittuppādenevettha appanaṃ nibbattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Jānāmi passāmī</span>ti iminā panassa pubbabhāgo kathito. <span class="bld">Āgamaṭṭhakathāsu</span> pana vuttaṃ – imināssa pana ābhogo kathito. So ca kho samāpattito vuṭṭhitassa, na antosamāpattiyanti (a. ni. aṭṭha. 3.8.65).</p>
    1518. 

  1518. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Appamāṇānī</span>ti <a name="V0.0233"></a> vaḍḍhitappamāṇāni. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyyā</span>ti ettha pana yathā mahagghaso puriso ekaṃ bhattavaḍḍhitakaṃ labhitvā ‘aññāpi hotu ‘kimesā mayhaṃ karissatī’ti taṃ na mahantato passati, evameva ñāṇuttaro puggalo visadaññāṇo ‘kimettha samāpajjitabbaṃ, na idaṃ appamāṇaṃ, na mayhaṃ cittekaggatākaraṇe bhāro atthī’ti tāni abhibhavitvā samāpajjati. Saha nimittuppādenevettha appanaṃ nibbattetīti attho.</p>
    1519. 

  1519. <p class="bodytext">Parittaṃ parittārammaṇaṃ appamāṇaṃ parittārammaṇanti idha parittānīti āgatattā appamāṇārammaṇatā na gahitā, parato appamāṇānīti āgatattā parittārammaṇatā. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> pana vuttaṃ – ‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne cattāri cattāri ārammaṇāni aggahetvā dve dveva gahitāni<a name="P0.0189"></a>. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Catūsu hi gahitesu desanā soḷasakkhattukā hoti, satthārā ca heṭṭhā soḷasakkhattukā desanā kilañjamhi tile pattharantena viya vitthārato kathitā. Tassa imasmiṃ ṭhāne aṭṭhakkhattukaṃ desanaṃ kātuṃ ajjhāsayo. Tasmā dve dveyeva gahitānīti veditabbānīti.</p>
    1520. 

  1520. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī</span>ti <a name="M0.0234"></a> parisuddhāparisuddhavaṇṇāni. Parisuddhāni hi nīlādīni suvaṇṇāni, aparisuddhāni ca dubbaṇṇānīti idha adhippetāni. <span class="bld">Āgamaṭṭhakathāsu</span> pana ‘suvaṇṇāni vā hontu dubbaṇṇāni vā, parittaappamāṇavaseneva imāni abhibhāyatanāni desitānī’ti (a. ni. aṭṭha. 3.8.65) vuttaṃ. Imesu pana catūsu parittaṃ vitakkacaritavasena āgataṃ, appamāṇaṃ mohacaritavasena, suvaṇṇaṃ dosacaritavasena, dubbaṇṇaṃ rāgacaritavasena. Etesañhi etāni sappāyāni. Sā ca tesaṃ sappāyatā vitthārato <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.43) cariyaniddese vuttā.</p>
    1521. 

  1521. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana, yathā suttante ‘‘ajjhattaṃ rūpasaññī eko bahiddhā rūpāni passati parittānī’’tiādi (dī. ni. 2.173; ma. ni. 2.249; a. ni. 8.65) vuttaṃ, evaṃ avatvā idha catūsupi abhibhāyatanesu ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññitāva vuttāti? Ajjhattarūpānaṃ anabhibhavanīyato. Tattha vā hi idha vā bahiddhārūpāneva abhibhavitabbāni, tasmā tāni niyamato vattabbānīti tatrapi idhapi vuttāni. Ajjhattaṃ arūpasaññīti idaṃ pana satthu desanāvilāsamattameva. Ayaṃ tāva catūsu abhibhāyatanesu apubbapadavaṇṇanā. Suddhikanayapaṭipadābhedo panettha pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayeneva ekekasmiṃ abhibhāyatane veditabbo. Kevalañcettha <a name="V0.0234"></a> ārammaṇacatukkaṃ ārammaṇadukaṃ hoti, soḷasakkhattukañca aṭṭhakkhattukaṃ. Sesaṃ tādisameva. Evamettha ekekasmiṃ abhibhāyatane eko suddhikanavako, cattāro paṭipadānavakā, dve ārammaṇanavakā, ārammaṇapaṭipadāmissake aṭṭha navakāti pannarasa navakāti catūsupi abhibhāyatanesu samasaṭṭhi navakā veditabbā.</p>
    1522. 

  1522. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para246"></a><span class="paranum">246</span>. Pañcamaabhibhāyatanādīsu <a name="P0.0190"></a> <span class="bld">nīlānī</span>ti sabbasaṅgāhikavasena vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nīlavaṇṇānī</span>ti vaṇṇavasena, <span class="bld">nīlanidassanānī</span>ti nidassanavasena, apaññāyamānavivarāni, asambhinnavaṇṇāni, ekanīlāneva hutvā dissantīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Nīlanibhāsānī</span>ti idaṃ pana obhāsanavasena vuttaṃ; nīlobhāsāni nīlappabhāyuttānīti attho. Etena nesaṃ suvisuddhataṃ dasseti. Suvisuddhavaṇṇavasena hi imāni cattāri abhibhāyatanāni vuttāni. <span class="bld">Pītānī</span>tiādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Nīlakasiṇaṃ uggaṇhanto nīlasmiṃ nimittaṃ gaṇhāti. Pupphasmiṃ vā vatthasmiṃ vā vaṇṇadhātuyā vātiādikaṃ <a name="M0.0235"></a> panettha kasiṇakaraṇañca parikammañca appanāvidhānañca sabbaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.93 ādayo) vitthārato vuttameva. Yathā ca pathavīkasiṇe evamettha ekekasmiṃ abhibhāyatane pañcavīsati pañcavīsati navakā veditabbā.</p>
    1523. 

  1523. <p class="centered">Abhibhāyatanakathā.</p>
    1524. 

  1524. <p class="subhead">Vimokkhakathā</p>
    1525. 

  1525. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. Idāni yasmā idaṃ rūpāvacarakusalaṃ nāma na kevalaṃ ārammaṇasaṅkhātānaṃ āyatanānaṃ abhibhavanato abhibhāyatanavaseneva uppajjati, atha kho vimokkhavasenapi uppajjati, tasmā tampi nayaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
    1526. 

  1526. <p class="bodytext">Kenaṭṭhena pana vimokkho veditabboti? Adhimuccanaṭṭhena. Ko ayaṃ adhimuccanaṭṭho nāma? Paccanīkadhammehi ca suṭṭhu vimuccanaṭṭho, ārammaṇe ca abhirativasena suṭṭhu vimuccanaṭṭho<a name="V0.0235"></a>. Pituaṅke vissaṭṭhaaṅgapaccaṅgassa dārakassa sayanaṃ viya aniggahitabhāvena nirāsaṅkatāya ārammaṇe pavattīti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃlakkhaṇañhi vimokkhabhāvappattaṃ rūpāvacarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ ayaṃ nayo āraddho.</p>
    1527. 

  1527. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">rūpī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ kesādīsu uppāditaṃ rūpajjhānaṃ rūpaṃ, tadassatthīti rūpī. Ajjhattañhi nīlaparikammaṃ karonto kese vā pitte vā akkhitārakāya vā karoti. Pītaparikammaṃ karonto mede vā chaviyā vā akkhīnaṃ <a name="P0.0191"></a> pītaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Lohitaparikammaṃ karonto maṃse vā lohite vā jivhāya vā hatthatalapādatalesu vā akkhīnaṃ rattaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Odātaparikammaṃ karonto aṭṭhimhi vā dante vā nakhe vā akkhīnaṃ setaṭṭhāne vā karoti. Evaṃ parikammaṃ katvā uppannajjhānasamaṅginaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Rūpāni passatī</span>ti bahiddhāpi nīlakasiṇādirūpāni jhānacakkhunā passati. Iminā ajjhattabahiddhāvatthukesu kasiṇesu jhānapaṭilābho dassito.</p>
    1528. 

  1528. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0236"></a> <span class="bld">arūpasaññī</span>ti ajjhattaṃ na rūpasaññī. Attano kesādīsu anuppāditarūpāvacarajjhānoti attho. Iminā bahiddhā parikammaṃ katvā bahiddhāva paṭiladdhajjhānatā dassitā.</p>
    1529. 

  1529. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Subha</span>nti iminā suvisuddhesu nīlādīsu vaṇṇakasiṇesu jhānāni dassitāni. Tattha kiñcāpi antoappanāya ‘subha’nti ābhogo natthi, yo pana suvisuddhaṃ subhakasiṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā viharati, so yasmā ‘subha’nti…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, tathā dutiyādīni, tasmā evaṃ desanā katā. <span class="bld">Paṭisambhidāmagge</span> pana ‘‘kathaṃ subhantveva adhimutto hotīti vimokkho? Idha bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ…pe… viharati, mettāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti; karuṇā… muditā… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ…pe… viharati, upekkhāya bhāvitattā sattā appaṭikūlā honti, evaṃ subhantveva adhimutto hotī’’ti vimokkhoti (paṭi. ma. 1.212) vuttaṃ. Idha pana upari pāḷiyaṃyeva brahmavihārānaṃ āgatattā taṃ nayaṃ paṭikkhipitvā sunīlakasupītakasulohitakasuodātakaparisuddhanīlakaparisuddhapītakaparisuddhalohitakaparisuddhaodātakavaseneva subhavimokkho anuññāto. Iti kasiṇanti vā abhibhāyatananti vā vimokkhoti vā rūpāvacarajjhānameva<a name="V0.0236"></a>. Tañhi ārammaṇassa sakalaṭṭhena kasiṇaṃ nāma, ārammaṇaṃ abhibhavanaṭṭhena abhibhāyatanaṃ nāma, ārammaṇe adhimuccanaṭṭhena paccanīkadhammehi ca vimuccanaṭṭhena <a name="P0.0192"></a> vimokkho nāmāti vuttaṃ. Tattha kasiṇadesanā abhidhammavasena, itarā pana suttantadesanāvasena vuttāti veditabbā. Ayamettha apubbapadavaṇṇanā. Ekekasmiṃ pana vimokkhe pathavīkasiṇe viya pañcavīsati pañcavīsatīti katvā pañcasattati navakā veditabbā.</p>
    1530. 

  1530. <p class="centered">Vimokkhakathā.</p>
    1531. 

  1531. <p class="subhead">Brahmavihārakathā</p>
    1532. 

  1532. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. Idāni mettādibrahmavihāravasena pavattamānaṃ rūpāvacarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mettāsahagata</span>nti <a name="M0.0237"></a> mettāya samannāgataṃ. Parato karuṇāsahagatādīsupi eseva nayo. Yena panesa vidhānena paṭipanno mettādisahagatāni jhānāni upasampajja viharati, taṃ mettādīnaṃ bhāvanāvidhānaṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.240) vitthāritameva. Avasesāya pāḷiyā attho pathavīkasiṇe vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
    1533. 

  1533. <p class="bodytext">Kevalañhi pathavīkasiṇe pañcavīsati navakā, idha purimāsu tīsu tikacatukkajjhānikavasena pañcavīsati sattakā, upekkhāya catutthajjhānavasena pañcavīsati ekakā, karuṇāmuditāsu ca chandādīhi catūhi saddhiṃ karuṇāmuditāti imepi yevāpanakā labbhanti. Dukkhapaṭipadādibhāvo cettha mettāya tāva byāpādavikkhambhanavasena, karuṇāya vihiṃsāvikkhambhanavasena, muditāya arativikkhambhanavasena, upekkhāya rāgapaṭighavikkhambhanavasena veditabbo. Parittārammaṇatā pana nabahusattārammaṇavasena; appamāṇārammaṇatā bahusattārammaṇavasena hotīti ayaṃ viseso. Sesaṃ tādisameva.</p>
    1534. 

  1534. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ tāva pāḷivaseneva –</p>
    1535. 

  1535. <p class="gatha1">Brahmuttamena <a name="V0.0237"></a> kathite, brahmavihāre ime iti viditvā;</p>
    1536. 

  1536. <p class="gathalast">Bhiyyo etesu ayaṃ, pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā.</p>
    1537. 

  1537. <p class="bodytext">Etāsu hi mettākaruṇāmuditāupekkhāsu atthato tāva mejjatīti <span class="bld">mettā,</span> siniyhatīti attho. Mitte vā bhavā, mittassa vā esā pavattatīpi mettā. Paradukkhe sati sādhūnaṃ hadayakampanaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">karuṇā</span>. Kiṇāti vā paradukkhaṃ hiṃsati vināsetīti <span class="bld">karuṇā</span><a name="P0.0193"></a>. Kirīyati vā dukkhitesu pharaṇavasena pasāriyatīti <span class="bld">karuṇā</span>. Modanti tāya taṃsamaṅgino, sayaṃ vā modati, modanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">muditā</span>. ‘Averā hontū’tiādibyāpārappahānena majjhattabhāvūpagamanena ca upekkhatīti <span class="bld">upekkhā</span>.</p>
    1538. 

  1538. <p class="bodytext">Lakkhaṇādito panettha hitākārappavattilakkhaṇā ‘mettā’, hitūpasaṃhārarasā, āghātavinayapaccupaṭṭhānā, sattānaṃ manāpabhāvadassanapadaṭṭhānā. Byāpādūpasamo etissā sampatti, sinehasambhavo vipatti. Dukkhāpanayanākārappavattilakkhaṇā ‘karuṇā’, paradukkhāsahanarasā, avihiṃsāpaccupaṭṭhānā<a name="M0.0238"></a>, dukkhābhibhūtānaṃ anāthabhāvadassanapadaṭṭhānā. Vihiṃsūpasamo tassā sampatti, sokasambhavo vipatti. Sattesu pamodanalakkhaṇā ‘muditā’, anissāyanarasā, arativighātapaccupaṭṭhānā, sattānaṃ sampattidassanapadaṭṭhānā. Arativūpasamo tassā sampatti, pahāsasambhavo vipatti. Sattesu majjhattākārappavattilakkhaṇā ‘upekkhā’, sattesu samabhāvadassanarasā, paṭighānunayavūpasamapaccupaṭṭhānā, ‘‘kammassakā sattā, te kassa ruciyā sukhitā vā bhavissanti, dukkhato vā muccissanti, pattasampattito vā na parihāyissantī’’ti? Evaṃ pavattakammassakatādassanapadaṭṭhānā. Paṭighānunayavūpasamo tassā sampatti, gehassitāya aññāṇupekkhāya sambhavo vipatti.</p>
    1539. 

  1539. <p class="bodytext">Catunnampi panetesaṃ brahmavihārānaṃ vipassanāsukhañceva bhavasampatti ca sādhāraṇappayojanaṃ, byāpādādipaṭighāto āveṇikaṃ. Byāpādapaṭighātappayojanā hettha mettā, vihiṃsāaratirāgapaṭighātappayojanā itarā. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
    1540. 

  1540. <p class="indent">‘‘Nissaraṇañhetaṃ, āvuso, byāpādassa yadidaṃ mettācetovimutti, nissaraṇañhetaṃ, āvuso, vihesāya yadidaṃ karuṇācetovimutti; nissaraṇañhetaṃ, āvuso, aratiyā yadidaṃ <a name="V0.0238"></a> muditācetovimutti, nissaraṇañhetaṃ, āvuso, rāgassa yadidaṃ upekkhācetovimuttī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.326; a. ni. 6.13).</p>
    1541. 

  1541. <p class="bodytext">Ekamekassa cettha āsannadūravasena dve dve paccatthikā. Mettābrahmavihārassa hi, samīpacāro viya purisassa sapatto, guṇadassanasabhāgatāya rāgo āsannapaccatthiko. So lahuṃ otāraṃ labhati. Tasmā tato suṭṭhu mettā rakkhitabbā. Pabbatādigahananissito viya purisassa sapatto sabhāvavisabhāgatāya byāpādo dūrapaccatthiko. Tasmā tato <a name="P0.0194"></a> nibbhayena mettāyitabbaṃ. Mettāyissati ca nāma kopañca karissatīti aṭṭhānametaṃ.</p>
    1542. 

  1542. <p class="bodytext">Karuṇābrahmavihārassa ‘‘cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ appaṭilābhaṃ vā appaṭilābhato samanupassato pubbe vā paṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato <a name="M0.0239"></a> uppajjati domanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ domanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati gehassitaṃ domanassa’’ntiādinā nayena āgataṃ gehassitaṃ domanassaṃ vipattidassanasabhāgatāya āsannapaccatthikaṃ. Sabhāvavisabhāgatāya vihesā dūrapaccatthikā. Tasmā tato nibbhayena karuṇāyitabbaṃ. Karuṇañca nāma karissati pāṇiādīhi ca vihesissatīti aṭṭhānametaṃ.</p>
    1543. 

  1543. <p class="bodytext">Muditābrahmavihārassa ‘‘cakkhuviññeyyānaṃ rūpānaṃ iṭṭhānaṃ kantānaṃ manāpānaṃ manoramānaṃ lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ paṭilābhaṃ vā paṭilābhato samanupassato pubbe vā paṭiladdhapubbaṃ atītaṃ niruddhaṃ vipariṇataṃ samanussarato uppajjati somanassaṃ. Yaṃ evarūpaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati gehassitaṃ somanassa’’ntiādinā (ma. ni. 3.306) nayena āgataṃ gehassitaṃ somanassaṃ sampattidassanasabhāgatāya āsannapaccatthikaṃ. Sabhāvavisabhāgatāya arati dūrapaccatthikā. Tasmā tato nibbhayena muditā bhāvetabbā. Pamudito ca nāma bhavissati pantasenāsanesu ca adhikusaladhammesu ca ukkaṇṭhissatīti aṭṭhānametaṃ.</p>
    1544. 

  1544. <p class="bodytext">Upekkhābrahmavihārassa pana ‘‘cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā uppajjati upekkhā bālassa mūḷhassa puthujjanassa anodhijinassa avipākajinassa anādīnavadassāvino assutavato puthujjanassa. Yā evarūpā upekkhā rūpaṃ sā nātivattati. Tasmā sā upekkhā gehassitāti vuccatī’’tiādinā <a name="V0.0239"></a> (ma. ni. 3.308) nayena āgatā gehassitā aññāṇupekkhā dosaguṇānaṃ avicāraṇavasena sabhāgattā āsannapaccatthikā. Sabhāvavisabhāgatāya rāgapaṭighā dūrapaccatthikā. Tasmā tato nibbhayena upekkhitabbaṃ. Upekkhissati ca nāma rajjissati ca paṭihaññissati cāti aṭṭhānametaṃ.</p>
    1545. 

  1545. <p class="bodytext">Sabbesampi ca etesaṃ kattukāmatāchando ādi, nīvaraṇādivikkhambhanaṃ majjhaṃ, appanā pariyosānaṃ, paññattidhammavasena <a name="P0.0195"></a> eko vā satto anekā vā sattā ārammaṇaṃ, upacāre vā appanāya vā pattāya ārammaṇavaḍḍhanaṃ.</p>
    1546. 

  1546. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ vaḍḍhanakkamo – yathā hi kusalo kassako kasitabbaṭṭhānaṃ paricchinditvā kasati, evaṃ paṭhamameva ekaṃ āvāsaṃ paricchinditvā tattha sattesu ‘imasmiṃ āvāse sattā averā hontū’tiādinā nayena mettā bhāvetabbā. Tattha cittaṃ muduṃ kammaniyaṃ katvā dve āvāsā paricchinditabbā<a name="M0.0240"></a>. Tato anukkamena tayo cattāro pañca cha satta aṭṭha nava dasa, ekā racchā, upaḍḍhagāmo, gāmo, janapado, rajjaṃ, ekā disāti evaṃ yāva ekaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ, tato vā pana bhiyyo tattha tattha sattesu mettā bhāvetabbā. Tathā karuṇādayoti. Ayamettha ārammaṇavaḍḍhanakkamo.</p>
    1547. 

  1547. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana kasiṇānaṃ nissando āruppā, samādhīnaṃ nissando nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ, vipassanānaṃ nissando phalasamāpatti, samathavipassanānaṃ nissando nirodhasamāpatti, evaṃ purimabrahmavihārattayassa nissando ettha upekkhābrahmavihāro. Yathā hi thambhe anussāpetvā tulāsaṅghāṭaṃ anāropetvā na sakkā ākāse kūṭagopānasiyo ṭhapetuṃ, evaṃ purimesu tatiyajjhānaṃ vinā na sakkā catutthaṃ bhāvetuṃ. Kasiṇesu pana uppannatatiyajjhānassapesā nuppajjati visabhāgārammaṇattāti.</p>
    1548. 

  1548. <p class="bodytext">Ettha siyā – ‘kasmā panetā mettā karuṇā muditā upekkhā brahmavihārāti vuccanti? Kasmā ca, catassova? Ko ca etāsaṃ kamo? Vibhaṅge ca kasmā appamaññāti vuttā’ti? Vuccate – seṭṭhaṭṭhena tāva niddosabhāvena cettha brahmavihāratā veditabbā. Sattesu sammāpaṭipattibhāvena hi seṭṭhā ete vihārā. Yathā ca brahmāno niddosacittā viharanti, evaṃ etehi <a name="V0.0240"></a> sampayuttā yogino brahmasamāva hutvā viharantīti seṭṭhaṭṭhena niddosabhāvena ca brahmavihārāti vuccanti.</p>
    1549. 

  1549. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā ca catassotiādipañhassa pana idaṃ vissajjanaṃ –</p>
    1550. 

  1550. <p class="gatha1">Visuddhimaggādivasā catasso,</p>
    1551. 

  1551. <p class="gatha2">Hitādiākāravasā panāsaṃ;</p>
    1552. 

  1552. <p class="gatha3">Kamo pavattanti ca appamāṇe,</p>
    1553. 

  1553. <p class="gathalast">Tā gocare yena tadappamaññā.</p>
    1554. 

  1554. <p class="bodytext">Etāsu hi yasmā mettā byāpādabahulassa, karuṇā vihiṃsābahulassa, muditā aratibahulassa, upekkhā rāgabahulassa visuddhimaggo; yasmā ca hitūpasaṃhāraahitāpanayanasampattimodanaanābhogavasena <a name="P0.0196"></a> catubbidhoyeva sattesu manasikāro; yasmā ca yathā mātā daharagilānayobbanappattasakiccapasutesu <a name="M0.0241"></a> catūsu puttesu daharassa abhivuḍḍhikāmā hoti, gilānassa gelaññāpanayanakāmā, yobbanappattassa yobbanasampattiyā ciraṭṭhitikāmā, sakiccapasutassa kismiñcipi pariyāye abyāvaṭā hoti, tathā appamaññāvihārikenāpi sabbasattesu mettādivasena bhavitabbaṃ, tasmā ito visuddhimaggādivasā catassova appamaññā.</p>
    1555. 

  1555. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana catassopetā bhāvetukāmena paṭhamaṃ hitākārappavattivasena sattesu paṭipajjitabbaṃ, hitākārappavattilakkhaṇā ca mettā; tato evaṃ patthitahitānaṃ sattānaṃ dukkhābhibhavaṃ disvā vā sutvā vā sambhāvetvā vā dukkhāpanayanākārappavattivasena, dukkhāpanayanākārappavattilakkhaṇā ca karuṇā; athevaṃ patthitahitānaṃ patthitadukkhāpagamānañca nesaṃ sampattiṃ disvā sampattippamodanavasena, pamodanalakkhaṇā ca muditā; tato paraṃ pana kattabbābhāvato ajjhupekkhakatāsaṅkhātena majjhattākārena paṭipajjitabbaṃ, majjhattākārappavattilakkhaṇā ca upekkhā; tasmā ito hitādiākāravasā panāsaṃ paṭhamaṃ mettā vuttā. Atha karuṇā muditā upekkhāti ayaṃ kamo veditabbo.</p>
    1556. 

  1556. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā pana sabbāpetā appamāṇe gocare pavattanti, tasmā appamaññāti vuccanti. Appamāṇā <a name="V0.0241"></a> hi sattā etāsaṃ gocarabhūtā, ‘ekasattassāpi ca ettake padese mettādayo bhāvetabbā’ti evaṃ pamāṇaṃ aggahetvā sakalapharaṇavaseneva pavattāti, tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    1557. 

  1557. <p class="gatha1">Visuddhimaggādivasā catasso,</p>
    1558. 

  1558. <p class="gatha2">Hitādiākāravasā panāsaṃ;</p>
    1559. 

  1559. <p class="gatha3">Kamo pavattanti ca appamāṇe,</p>
    1560. 

  1560. <p class="gathalast">Tā gocare yena tadappamaññāti.</p>
    1561. 

  1561. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ appamāṇagocaratāya ekalakkhaṇāsu cāpi etāsu purimā tisso tikacatukkajjhānikāva honti. Kasmā? Somanassāvippayogato. Kasmā panāsaṃ somanassena avippayogoti? Domanassasamuṭṭhitānaṃ <a name="M0.0242"></a> byāpādādīnaṃ nissaraṇattā. Pacchimā pana avasesekajjhānikāva. Kasmā? Upekkhāvedanāsampayogato. Na hi sattesu majjhattākārappavattā <a name="P0.0197"></a> brahmavihārupekkhā upekkhāvedanaṃ vinā vattatīti.</p>
    1562. 

  1562. <p class="centered">Brahmavihārakathā.</p>
    1563. 

  1563. <p class="subhead">Asubhakathā</p>
    1564. 

  1564. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. Idāni rāgacaritasattānaṃ ekantahitaṃ nānārammaṇesu ekekajjhānavaseneva pavattamānaṃ rūpāvacarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ.</p>
    1565. 

  1565. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">uddhumātakasaññāsahagata</span>ntiādīsu, bhastā viya vāyunā, uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā yathānukkamaṃ samuggatena sūnabhāvena dhumātattā uddhumātaṃ. Uddhumātameva <span class="bld">uddhumātakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ uddhumātanti uddhumātakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vinīlaṃ vuccati viparibhinnanīlavaṇṇaṃ. Vinīlameva <span class="bld">vinīlakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vinīlanti vinīlakaṃ. Maṃsussadaṭṭhānesu rattavaṇṇassa, pubbasannicayaṭṭhānesu setavaṇṇassa, yebhuyyena ca nīlavaṇṇassa<a name="V0.0242"></a>, nīlaṭṭhāne nīlasāṭakapārutasseva chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Paribhinnaṭṭhānesu vissandamānaṃ pubbaṃ vipubbaṃ. Vipubbameva <span class="bld">vipubbakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vipubbanti vipubbakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vicchiddaṃ vuccati dvidhā chindanena apadhāritaṃ, vicchiddameva <span class="bld">vicchiddakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vicchiddanti vicchiddakaṃ. Vemajjhe chinnassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ito ca etto ca vividhākārena soṇasiṅgālādīhi khāyitaṃ vikkhāyitaṃ. Vikkhāyitameva <span class="bld">vikkhāyitakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vikkhāyitanti vikkhāyitakaṃ. Tathārūpassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vividhā khittaṃ vikkhittaṃ. Vikkhittameva <span class="bld">vikkhittakaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ vikkhittanti vikkhittakaṃ. ‘Aññena hatthaṃ aññena pādaṃ aññena sīsa’nti evaṃ tato tato khittassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Hatañca taṃ purimanayeneva vikkhittakañcāti <span class="bld">hatavikkhittakaṃ</span>. Kākapadākārena aṅgapaccaṅgesu satthena hanitvā <a name="P0.0198"></a> vuttanayena vikkhittakassa chavasarīrassetaṃ <a name="M0.0243"></a> adhivacanaṃ. Lohitaṃ kirati, vikkhipati, ito cito ca paggharatīti <span class="bld">lohitakaṃ</span>. Paggharitalohitamakkhitassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Puḷavā vuccanti kimayo. Puḷave vikiratīti <span class="bld">puḷavakaṃ</span>. Kimiparipuṇṇassa chavasarīrassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Aṭṭhiyeva <span class="bld">aṭṭhikaṃ</span>. Paṭikūlattā vā kucchitaṃ aṭṭhīti aṭṭhikaṃ. Aṭṭhisaṅkhalikāyapi ekaṭṭhikassapi etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Imāni ca pana uddhumātakādīni nissāya uppannanimittānampi nimittesu paṭiladdhajjhānānampi etāneva nāmāni.</p>
    1566. 

  1566. <p class="bodytext">Tattha uddhumātakanimitte appanāvasena uppannā saññā uddhumātakasaññā. Tāya uddhumātakasaññāya sampayogaṭṭhena sahagataṃ <span class="bld">uddhumātakasaññāsahagataṃ. Vinīlakasaññāsahagatā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Yaṃ panettha bhāvanāvidhānaṃ vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, taṃ sabbākārena <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> (visuddhi. 1.103 ādayo) vuttameva. Avasesā pāḷivaṇṇanā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Kevalañhi idha, catutthajjhānavasena upekkhābrahmavihāre viya, paṭhamajjhānavasena ekekasmiṃ pañcavīsati ekakā honti. Asubhārammaṇassa ca avaḍḍhanīyattā, paritte uddhumātakaṭṭhāne uppannanimittārammaṇaṃ <span class="bld">parittārammaṇaṃ,</span> mahante <span class="bld">appamāṇārammaṇaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayoti.</p>
    1567. 

  1567. <p class="gatha1">Iti <a name="V0.0243"></a> asubhāni subhaguṇo,</p>
    1568. 

  1568. <p class="gatha2">Dasasatalocanena thutakitti;</p>
    1569. 

  1569. <p class="gatha3">Yāni avoca dasabalo,</p>
    1570. 

  1570. <p class="gathalast">Ekekajjhānahetūni.</p>
    1571. 

  1571. <p class="gatha1">Evaṃ pāḷinayeneva, tāva sabbāni tāni jānitvā;</p>
    1572. 

  1572. <p class="gathalast">Tesveva ayaṃ bhiyyo, pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā. (visuddhi. 1.120);</p>
    1573. 

  1573. <p class="bodytext">Etesu hi yattha katthaci adhigatajjhāno suvikkhambhitarāgattā vītarāgo viya nilloluppacāro hoti. Evaṃ santepi yvāyaṃ asubhabhedo vutto, so sarīrasabhāvappattivasena ca rāgacaritabhedavasena cāti veditabbo.</p>
    1574. 

  1574. <p class="bodytext">Chavasarīrañhi paṭikūlabhāvaṃ āpajjamānaṃ uddhumātakasabhāvappattaṃ vā siyā, vinīlakādīnaṃ vā aññatarasabhāvappattaṃ. Iti yādisaṃ yādisaṃ sakkā <a name="M0.0244"></a> hoti laddhuṃ tādise <a name="P0.0199"></a> tādise uddhumātakapaṭikūlaṃ vinīlakapaṭikūlanti evaṃ nimittaṃ gaṇhitabbamevāti sarīrasabhāvappattivasena dasadhā asubhappabhedo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
    1575. 

  1575. <p class="bodytext">Visesato cettha uddhumātakaṃ sarīrasaṇṭhānavipattippakāsanato sarīrasaṇṭhānarāgino sappāyaṃ. Vinīlakaṃ chavirāgavipattippakāsanato sarīravaṇṇarāgino sappāyaṃ. Vipubbakaṃ kāyavaṇapaṭibaddhassa duggandhabhāvassa pakāsanato mālāgandhādivasena samuṭṭhāpitasarīragandharāgino sappāyaṃ. Vicchiddakaṃ antosusirabhāvappakāsanato sarīre ghanabhāvarāgino sappāyaṃ. Vikkhāyitakaṃ maṃsūpacayasampattivināsappakāsanato thanādīsu sarīrappadesesu maṃsūpacayarāgino sappāyaṃ. Vikkhittakaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ vikkhepappakāsanato aṅgapaccaṅgalīlārāgino sappāyaṃ. Hatavikkhittakaṃ sarīrasaṅghāṭabhedavikārappakāsanato sarīrasaṅghāṭasampattirāgino sappāyaṃ. Lohitakaṃ lohitamakkhitapaṭikūlabhāvappakāsanato alaṅkārajanitasobharāgino sappāyaṃ. Puḷavakaṃ kāyassa anekakimikulasādhāraṇabhāvappakāsanato kāye mamattarāgino sappāyaṃ. Aṭṭhikaṃ sarīraṭṭhīnaṃ paṭikūlabhāvappakāsanato dantasampattirāgino sappāyanti. Evaṃ rāgacaritavasenāpi dasadhā asubhappabhedo vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
    1576. 

  1576. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā <a name="V0.0244"></a> pana dasavidhepi etasmiṃ asubhe seyyathāpi nāma aparisaṇṭhitajalāya sīghasotāya nadiyā arittabaleneva nāvā tiṭṭhati, vinā arittena na sakkā ṭhapetuṃ, evameva dubbalattā ārammaṇassa vitakkabaleneva cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhati, vinā vitakkena na sakkā ṭhapetuṃ, tasmā paṭhamajjhānamevettha hoti, na dutiyādīni. Paṭikūlepi cetasmiṃ ārammaṇe ‘addhā imāya paṭipadāya jarāmaraṇamhā parimuccissāmī’ti evaṃ ānisaṃsadassāvitāya ceva nīvaraṇasantāpappahānena ca pītisomanassaṃ <a name="P0.0200"></a> uppajjati, ‘bahuṃ dāni vetanaṃ labhissāmī’ti ānisaṃsadassāvino pupphachaḍḍakassa gūtharāsimhi viya, ussannabyādhidukkhassa rogino vamanavirecanappavattiyaṃ viya ca.</p>
    1577. 

  1577. <p class="bodytext">Dasavidhampi cetaṃ asubhaṃ lakkhaṇato ekameva hoti. Dasavidhassapi hi etassa asuciduggandhajegucchapaṭikūlabhāvo eva lakkhaṇaṃ. Tadetaṃ iminā <a name="M0.0245"></a> lakkhaṇena na kevalaṃ matasarīreyeva dantaṭṭhikadassāvino pana cetiyapabbatavāsino <span class="bld">mahātissattherassa</span> viya, hatthikkhandhagataṃ rājānaṃ ullokentassa <span class="bld">saṅgharakkhitattherupaṭṭhākasāmaṇerassa</span> viya ca, jīvamānakasarīrepi upaṭṭhāti. Yatheva hi matasarīraṃ evaṃ jīvamānakampi asubhameva. Asubhalakkhaṇaṃ panettha āgantukena alaṅkārena paṭicchannattā na paññāyatīti.</p>
    1578. 

  1578. <p class="centered">Asubhakathā.</p>
    1579. 

  1579. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana pathavīkasiṇaṃ ādiṃ katvā aṭṭhikasaññāpariyosānāvesā rūpāvacarappanā, udāhu aññāpi atthīti? Atthi; ānāpānajjhānañhi kāyagatāsatibhāvanā ca idha na kathitā. Kiñcāpi na kathitā vāyokasiṇe pana gahite ānāpānajjhānaṃ gahitameva; vaṇṇakasiṇesu ca gahitesu kesādīsu catukkapañcakajjhānavasena uppannā kāyagatāsati, dasasu asubhesu gahitesu dvattiṃsākāre paṭikūlamanasikārajjhānavasena ceva navasivathikāvaṇṇajjhānavasena ca pavattā kāyagatāsati gahitāvāti. Sabbāpi rūpāvacarappanā idha kathitāva hotīti.</p>
    1580. 

  1580. <p class="centered">Rūpāvacarakusalakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1581. 

  1581. <p class="title">Arūpāvacarakusalavaṇṇanā</p>
    1582. 

  1582. <p class="subhead">Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ</p>
    1583. 

  1583. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0245"></a> arūpāvacarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">arūpūpapattiyā</span>ti arūpabhavo arūpaṃ, arūpe upapatti arūpūpapatti, tassā arūpūpapattiyā. <span class="bld">Maggaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti upāyaṃ hetuṃ kāraṇaṃ uppādeti vaḍḍheti. <span class="bld">Sabbaso</span>ti sabbākārena. Sabbāsaṃ vā anavasesānanti attho. <span class="bld">Rūpasaññāna</span>nti saññāsīsena vuttarūpāvacarajjhānānañceva <a name="P0.0201"></a> tadārammaṇānañca. Rūpāvacarajjhānampi hi rūpanti vuccati ‘rūpī rūpāni passatī’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 248; dī. ni. 2.129). Tassa ārammaṇampi ‘‘bahiddhā rūpāni passati suvaṇṇadubbaṇṇānī’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 244-246; dī. ni. 2.173); tasmā idha rūpe saññā rūpasaññāti evaṃ saññāsīsena <a name="M0.0246"></a> vuttarūpāvacarajjhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Rūpaṃ saññā assāti rūpasaññaṃ, rūpamassa nāmanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ pathavīkasiṇādibhedassa tadārammaṇassa cetaṃ adhivacananti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1584. 

  1584. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatikkamā</span>ti virāgā nirodhā ca. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Etāsaṃ kusalavipākakiriyavasena pañcadasannaṃ jhānasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpasaññānaṃ, etesañca pathavīkasiṇādivasena aṭṭhannaṃ ārammaṇasaṅkhātānaṃ rūpasaññānaṃ, sabbākārena anavasesānaṃ vā virāgā ca nirodhā ca virāgahetu ceva nirodhahetu ca ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Na hi sakkā sabbaso anatikkantarūpasaññena etaṃ upasampajja viharitunti.</p>
    1585. 

  1585. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yasmā ārammaṇe avirattassa saññāsamatikkamo na hoti, samatikkantāsu ca saññāsu ārammaṇaṃ samatikkantameva hoti, tasmā ārammaṇasamatikkamaṃ avatvā ‘‘tattha katamā rūpasaññā? Rūpāvacarasamāpattiṃ samāpannassa vā upapannassa vā diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā saññā sañjānanā sañjānitattaṃ, imā vuccanti rūpasaññāyo. Imā rūpasaññāyo atikkanto hoti, vītikkanto, samatikkanto, tena vuccati sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā’’ti (vibha. 602) evaṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> saññānaṃyeva samatikkamo vutto. Yasmā pana ārammaṇasamatikkamena <a name="V0.0246"></a> pattabbā etā samāpattiyo, na ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe paṭhamajjhānādīni viya, tasmā ayaṃ ārammaṇasamatikkamavasenāpi atthavaṇṇanā katāti veditabbā.</p>
    1586. 

  1586. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā</span>ti cakkhādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ rūpādīnaṃ ārammaṇānañca paṭighātena samuppannā saññā <span class="bld">paṭighasaññā</span>. Rūpasaññādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘tattha katamā paṭighasaññā? Rūpasaññā saddasaññā gandhasaññā rasasaññā phoṭṭhabbasaññā, imā vuccanti paṭighasaññāyo’’ti (vibha. 603). Tāsaṃ kusalavipākānaṃ pañcannaṃ akusalavipākānaṃ pañcannanti sabbaso <a name="P0.0202"></a> dasannampi paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā pahānā asamuppādā appavattiṃ katvāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
    1587. 

  1587. <p class="bodytext">Kāmañcetā paṭhamajjhānādīni samāpannassāpi na santi – na hi tasmiṃ samaye pañcadvāravasena cittaṃ pavattati – evaṃ santepi, aññattha pahīnānaṃ sukhadukkhānaṃ <a name="M0.0247"></a> catutthajjhāne viya, sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ tatiyamagge viya ca, imasmiṃ jhāne ussāhajananatthaṃ imassa jhānassa pasaṃsāvasena etāsaṃ ettha vacanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Atha vā kiñcāpi tā rūpāvacaraṃ samāpannassa na santi, atha kho na pahīnattā na santi. Na hi rūpavirāgāya rūpāvacarabhāvanā saṃvattati, rūpāyattā ca etāsaṃ pavatti. Ayaṃ pana bhāvanā rūpavirāgāya saṃvattati. Tasmā tā ettha pahīnāti vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Na kevalañca vattuṃ, ekaṃseneva evaṃ dhāretumpi vaṭṭati. Tāsañhi ito pubbe appahīnattāyeva paṭhamajjhānaṃ samāpannassa ‘‘saddo kaṇṭako’’ti (a. ni. 10.72) vutto bhagavatā. Idha ca pahīnattāyeva arūpasamāpattīnaṃ āneñjatā santavimokkhatā ca vuttā. Āḷāro ca kāḷāmo āruppasamāpanno pañcamattāni sakaṭasatāni nissāya nissāya atikkantāni neva addasa, na pana saddaṃ assosīti (dī. ni. 2.192).</p>
    1588. 

  1588. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā</span>ti nānatte gocare pavattānaṃ saññānaṃ nānattānaṃ vā saññānaṃ. Yasmā hi etā ‘‘tattha katamā nānattasaññā? Asamāpannassa manodhātusamaṅgissa vā manoviññāṇadhātusamaṅgissa vā saññā sañjānanā sañjānitattaṃ, imā vuccanti nānattasaññāyo’’ti (vibha. 604) evaṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> vibhajitvā vuttā idha adhippetā; asamāpannassa manodhātumanoviññāṇadhātusaṅgahitā saññā rūpasaddādibhede nānatte nānāsabhāve gocare pavattanti; yasmā cetā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, dvādasa akusalasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakusalavipākasaññā<a name="V0.0247"></a>, dve akusalavipākasaññā, ekādasa kāmāvacarakiriyasaññāti evaṃ catucattālīsampi saññā nānattā nānāsabhāvā aññamaññaṃ asadisā, tasmā nānattasaññāti vuttā. Tāsaṃ sabbaso nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā anāvajjanā asamannāhārā apaccavekkhaṇā. Yasmā tā nāvajjati, na manasikaroti, na paccavekkhati, tasmāti <a name="P0.0203"></a> vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
    1589. 

  1589. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā cettha purimā rūpasaññā paṭighasaññā ca iminā jhānena nibbatte bhavepi na vijjanti, pageva tasmiṃ bhave imaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇakāle, tasmā tāsaṃ ‘samatikkamā atthaṅgamā’ti dvedhāpi abhāvoyeva vutto. Nānattasaññāsu pana yasmā aṭṭha kāmāvacarakusalasaññā, nava <a name="M0.0248"></a> kiriyāsaññā, dasa akusalasaññāti imā sattavīsati saññā iminā jhānena nibbatte bhave vijjanti, tasmā tāsaṃ amanasikārāti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Tatrāpi hi imaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharanto tāsaṃ amanasikārāyeva upasampajja viharati. Tā pana manasikaronto asamāpanno hotīti. Saṅkhepato cettha ‘rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā’ti iminā sabbarūpāvacaradhammānaṃ pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘Paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā’ti iminā sabbesaṃ kāmāvacaracittacetasikānañca pahānaṃ amanasikāro ca vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
    1590. 

  1590. <p class="bodytext">Iti bhagavā ‘pannarasannaṃ rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamena, dasannaṃ paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamena, catucattālīsāya nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārenā’ti tīhi padehi ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi. Kiṃ kāraṇāti ce sotūnaṃ ussāhajananatthañceva palobhanatthañca. Sace hi keci apaṇḍitā vadeyyuṃ ‘satthā ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ nibbattethāti vadati, ko nu kho etāya nibbattitāya attho? Ko ānisaṃso’ti te evaṃ vattuṃ mā labhantūti imehi ākārehi samāpattiyā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi. Tañhi nesaṃ sutvā evaṃ bhavissati – ‘evaṃsantā kira ayaṃ samāpatti, evaṃpaṇītā, nibbattessāma na’nti. Athassa nibbattanatthāya ussāhaṃ karissantīti.</p>
    1591. 

  1591. <p class="bodytext">Palobhanatthañcāpi nesaṃ etissā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi, visakaṇṭakavāṇijo viya. Visakaṇṭakavāṇijo nāma guḷavāṇijo vuccati. So kira guḷaphāṇitakhaṇḍasakkarādīni sakaṭenādāya <a name="V0.0248"></a> paccantagāmaṃ gantvā ‘visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhatha visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhathā’ti ugghosesi. Taṃ sutvā gāmikā ‘visaṃ nāma kakkhaḷaṃ, yo naṃ khādati so marati, kaṇṭakopi vijjhitvā māreti. Ubhopete kakkhaḷā, ko ettha ānisaṃso’ti gehadvārāni thakesuṃ, dārake ca palāpesuṃ. Taṃ disvā vāṇijo ‘avohārakusalā ime <a name="P0.0204"></a> gāmikā, handa ne upāyena gaṇhāpemī’ti ‘atimadhuraṃ gaṇhatha atisāduṃ gaṇhatha, guḷaṃ phāṇitaṃ sakkaraṃ samagghaṃ labbhati, kūṭamāsakakūṭakahāpaṇādīhipi labbhatī’ti ugghosesi. Taṃ sutvā gāmikā haṭṭhapahaṭṭhā niggantvā bahumpi mūlaṃ datvā gahesuṃ.</p>
    1592. 

  1592. <p class="bodytext">Tattha vāṇijassa ‘visakaṇṭakaṃ gaṇhathā’ti ugghosanaṃ viya bhagavato ‘ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiṃ nibbattethā’ti vacanaṃ. ‘Ubhopete kakkhaḷā<a name="M0.0249"></a>, ko ettha ānisaṃso’ti? Gāmikānaṃ cintanaṃ viya ‘bhagavā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ nibbattethāti āha, ko ettha ānisaṃso? Nāssa guṇaṃ jānāmā’ti sotūnaṃ cintanaṃ. Athassa vāṇijassa ‘atimadhuraṃ gaṇhathā’tiādivacanaṃ viya bhagavato rūpasaññāsamatikkamanādikaṃ ānisaṃsappakāsanaṃ. Idañhi sutvā te bahumpi mūlaṃ datvā, gāmikā viya guḷaṃ, iminā ānisaṃsena palobhitacittā mahantampi ussāhaṃ katvā imaṃ samāpattiṃ nibbattessantīti ussāhajananatthaṃ palobhanatthañca kathesi.</p>
    1593. 

  1593. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāsahagata</span>nti ettha nāssa antoti anantaṃ. Ākāsaṃ anantaṃ ākāsānantaṃ. Ākāsānantameva ākāsānañcaṃ. Taṃ ākāsānañcaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanamassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa, devānaṃ devāyatanamivāti <span class="bld">ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ</span>. Iti ākāsānañcaṃ ca taṃ āyatanañcātipi ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. Kasiṇugghāṭimākāsassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tasmiṃ ākāsānañcāyatane appanāppattāya saññāya sahagataṃ ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāsahagataṃ.</p>
    1594. 

  1594. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana aññattha ‘ananto ākāso’ti (vibha. 508; dī. ni. 2.129) vuttaṃ, evamidha anantanti vā parittanti vā na gahitaṃ. Kasmā? Anante hi gahite parittaṃ na gayhati, paritte gahite anantaṃ na gayhati. Evaṃ sante ārammaṇacatukkaṃ na pūrati, desanā soḷasakkhattukā na hoti. Sammāsambuddhassa ca imasmiṃ ṭhāne desanaṃ soḷasakkhattukaṃ kātuṃ <a name="V0.0249"></a> ajjhāsayo, tasmā anantanti vā parittanti vā avatvā ‘ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāsahagata’nti āha. Evañhi sati ubhayampi gahitameva hoti. Ārammaṇacatukkaṃ pūrati, desanā soḷasakkhattukā sampajjati. Avaseso pāḷiattho heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānanikantipariyādānadukkhatāya <a name="P0.0205"></a> cettha dukkhā paṭipadā, pariyādinnanikantikassa appanāparivāsadandhatāya dandhābhiññā hoti. Vipariyāyena sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā ca veditabbā. Parittakasiṇugghāṭimākāse pana pavattaṃ jhānaṃ parittārammaṇaṃ vipulakasiṇugghāṭimākāse pavattaṃ appamāṇārammaṇanti veditabbaṃ. Upekkhābrahmavihāre viya ca idhāpi catutthajjhānavasena pañcavīsati ekakā honti<a name="M0.0250"></a>. Yathā cettha evaṃ ito paresupi. Visesamattameva pana tesu vaṇṇayissāma.</p>
    1595. 

  1595. <p class="subhead">Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ</p>
    1596. 

  1596. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā</span>ti, ettha tāva pubbe vuttanayena ākāsānañcaṃ āyatanamassa adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenāti jhānampi ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. Vuttanayeneva ārammaṇampi. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇena ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1597. 

  1597. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viññāṇañcāyatanasaññāsahagata</span>nti, ettha pana anantanti manasikātabbavasena nāssa antoti anantaṃ. Anantameva ānañcaṃ. Viññāṇaṃ ānañcaṃ viññāṇānañcanti avatvā viññāṇañcanti vuttaṃ. Ayañhettha rūḷhīsaddo. Tadeva viññāṇañcaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena imāya saññāya āyatananti <span class="bld">viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ</span>. Tasmiṃ viññāṇañcāyatane pavattāya saññāya sahagatanti <span class="bld">viññāṇañcāyatanasaññāsahagataṃ</span>. Ākāse pavattaviññāṇārammaṇassa jhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idha ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā nikantipariyādānadukkhatāya dukkhā paṭipadā, pariyādinnanikantikassa appanāparivāsadandhatāya dandhābhiññā. Vipariyāyena sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā ca. Parittakasiṇugghāṭimākāsārammaṇaṃ samāpattiṃ ārabbha pavattiyā parittārammaṇatā, vipariyāyena appamāṇārammaṇatā veditabbā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
    1598. 

  1598. <p class="subhead">Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ</p>
    1599. 

  1599. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. <span class="bld">Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0250"></a> <span class="bld">samatikkammā</span>ti etthāpi pubbe vuttanayeneva viññāṇañca āyatanamassa adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenāti jhānampi viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ. Vuttanayeneva ca ārammaṇampi. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti <a name="P0.0206"></a> ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇena ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1600. 

  1600. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāsahagata</span>nti <a name="M0.0251"></a> ettha pana nāssa kiñcananti akiñcanaṃ; antamaso bhaṅgamattampi assa avasiṭṭhaṃ natthīti vuttaṃ hoti. Akiñcanassa bhāvo ākiñcaññaṃ. Ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇāpagamassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṃ ākiñcaññaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena imissā saññāya āyatananti <span class="bld">ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ</span>. Tasmiṃ ākiñcaññāyatane pavattāya saññāya sahagatanti <span class="bld">ākiñcaññāyatanasaññāsahagataṃ</span>. Ākāse pavattitaviññāṇāpagamārammaṇassa jhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idha viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā nikantipariyādānadukkhatāya dukkhā paṭipadā, pariyādinnanikantikassa appanā parivāsadandhatāya dandhābhiññā. Vipariyāyena sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā ca. Parittakasiṇugghāṭimākāse pavattitaviññāṇāpagamārammaṇatāya parittārammaṇatā, vipariyāyena appamāṇārammaṇatā veditabbā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
    1601. 

  1601. <p class="subhead">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ</p>
    1602. 

  1602. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkammā</span>ti etthāpi pubbe vuttanayeneva ākiñcaññaṃ āyatanamassa adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhenāti jhānampi ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ. Vuttanayeneva ārammaṇampi. Evametaṃ jhānañca ārammaṇañcāti ubhayampi appavattikaraṇena ca amanasikaraṇe ca samatikkamitvāva yasmā idaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja vihātabbaṃ, tasmā ubhayampetaṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā ‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkammā’ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1603. 

  1603. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññāsahagata</span>nti ettha pana yāya saññāya bhāvato taṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti vuccati, yathā paṭipannassa sā saññā hoti, taṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">vibhaṅge</span> ‘‘nevasaññīnāsaññī’’ti uddharitvā ‘‘taññeva ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ santato manasikaroti <a name="P0.0207"></a><a name="V0.0251"></a> saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāveti, tena vuccati nevasaññīnāsaññī’’ti (vibha. 619) vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘santato manasikarotī’</span>ti ‘santā vatāyaṃ samāpatti, yatra hi nāma natthibhāvampi ārammaṇaṃ karitvā ṭhassatī’ti evaṃ santārammaṇatāya naṃ ‘santā’ti manasikaroti. Santato ce manasikaroti, kathaṃ samatikkamo hotīti? Anāvajjitukāmatāya. So hi kiñcāpi naṃ santato <a name="M0.0252"></a> manasikaroti, atha khvassa ‘ahametaṃ āvajjissāmi samāpajjissāmi adhiṭṭhahissāmi vuṭṭhahissāmi paccavekkhissāmī’ti esa ābhogo samannāhāro manasikāro na hoti. Kasmā? Ākiñcaññāyatanato nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa santatarapaṇītataratāya.</p>
    1604. 

  1604. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi rājā mahaccarājānubhāvena hatthikkhandhagato nagaravīthiyaṃ vicaranto dantakārādayo sippike ekaṃ vatthaṃ daḷhaṃ nivāsetvā ekena sīsaṃ veṭhetvā dantacuṇṇādīhi samokiṇṇagatte anekāni dantavikatiādīni karonte disvā ‘aho vata re chekā ācariyā, īdisānipi nāma sippāni karissantī’ti, evaṃ tesaṃ chekatāya tussati, na cassa evaṃ hoti – ‘aho vatāhaṃ rajjaṃ pahāya evarūpo sippiko bhaveyya’nti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Rajjasiriyā mahānisaṃsatāya. So sippike samatikkamitvāva gacchati. Evamevesa kiñcāpi taṃ samāpattiṃ santato manasikaroti, atha khvassa ‘ahametaṃ samāpattiṃ āvajjissāmi samāpajjissāmi adhiṭṭhahissāmi vuṭṭhahissāmi paccavekkhissāmī’ti neva esa ābhogo samannāhāro manasikāro hoti. So taṃ santato manasi karonto taṃ paramasukhumaṃ appanāppattaṃ saññaṃ pāpuṇāti, yāya ‘nevasaññīnāsaññī nāma hoti, saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattiṃ bhāvetī’ti vuccati. ‘Saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti’nti accantasukhumabhāvappattasaṅkhāraṃ catutthāruppasamāpattiṃ.</p>
    1605. 

  1605. <p class="bodytext">Idāni yaṃ taṃ evaṃ adhigatāya saññāya vasena nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti vuccati, taṃ atthato dassetuṃ ‘‘nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpannassa vā, upapannassa vā, diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārissa vā cittacetasikā dhammā’’ti (vibha. 620) vuttaṃ. Tesu idha samāpannassa cittacetasikā dhammā adhippetā.</p>
    1606. 

  1606. <p class="bodytext">Vacanattho panettha – oḷārikāya saññāya abhāvato, sukhumāya ca bhāvato, nevassa sasampayuttadhammassa jhānassa saññā, nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññaṃ. Nevasaññānāsaññañca taṃ manāyatanadhammāyatanapariyāpannattā <a name="V0.0252"></a> āyatanañcāti <a name="P0.0208"></a> <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ</span>. Atha vā yāyamettha saññā, sā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya nevasaññā<a name="M0.0253"></a>, saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvena vijjamānattā nāsaññāti nevasaññānāsaññā. Nevasaññānāsaññā ca sā sesadhammānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena āyatanañcāti nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ.</p>
    1607. 

  1607. <p class="bodytext">Na kevalañcettha saññāva edisī, atha kho vedanāpi nevavedanā nāvedanā, cittampi nevacittaṃ nācittaṃ, phassopi nevaphasso nāphassoti. Esa nayo sesasampayuttadhammesu. Saññāsīsena panāyaṃ desanā katāti veditabbā. Pattamakkhanatelappabhutīhi ca upamāhi esamattho vibhāvetabbo – <span class="bld">sāmaṇero</span> kira telena pattaṃ makkhetvā ṭhapesi. Taṃ yāgupānakāle thero ‘pattamāharā’ti āha. So ‘patte telamatthi, bhante’ti āha. Tato ‘āhara, sāmaṇera, telaṃ nāḷiṃ pūressāmī’ti vutte ‘natthi, bhante, tela’nti āha. Tattha yathā antovutthattā yāguyā saddhiṃ akappiyaṭṭhena telaṃ atthīti hoti, nāḷipūraṇādīnaṃ abhāvavasena natthīti hoti, evaṃ sāpi saññā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya nevasaññā, saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvena vijjamānattā nāsaññā hoti.</p>
    1608. 

  1608. <p class="bodytext">Kimpanettha saññākiccanti? Ārammaṇasañjānanañceva vipassanāya ca visayabhāvaṃ upagantvā nibbidājananaṃ. Dahanakiccamiva hi sukhodake tejodhātu, sañjānanakiccampesā paṭuṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti. Sesasamāpattīsu saññā viya vipassanāya visayabhāvaṃ upagantvā nibbidājananampi kātuṃ na sakkoti. Aññesu hi khandhesu akatābhiniveso bhikkhu nevasaññānāsaññāyatanakkhandhe sammasitvā nibbidaṃ pattuṃ samattho nāma natthi. Apica <span class="bld">āyasmā sāriputto,</span> pakativipassako pana mahāpañño sāriputtasadisova sakkuṇeyya. Sopi ‘‘evaṃ kirime dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.95) evaṃ kalāpasammasanavaseneva, no anupadadhammavipassanāvasena. Evaṃ sukhumattaṃ gatā esā samāpatti.</p>
    1609. 

  1609. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca pattamakkhanatelūpamāya evaṃ maggudakūpamāyapi ayamattho vibhāvetabbo. Maggapaṭipannassa <a name="P0.0209"></a> kira therassa purato gacchanto sāmaṇero thokamudakaṃ disvā ‘udakaṃ, bhante, upāhanā omuñcathā’ti āha. Tato therena ‘sace udakamatthi, āhara nhānasāṭakaṃ, nhāyissāmī’ti <a name="M0.0254"></a> vutte ‘natthi, bhante’ti āha. Tattha yathā upāhanatemanamattaṭṭhena udakaṃ atthīti hoti<a name="V0.0253"></a>, nhānaṭṭhena natthīti hoti, evampi sā paṭusaññākiccaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya neva saññā, saṅkhārāvasesasukhumabhāvena vijjamānattā nāsaññā hoti. Na kevalañca etāheva, aññāhipi anurūpāhi upamāhi esa attho vibhāvetabbo. Iti imāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatane pavattāya saññāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanabhūtāya vā saññāya sahagatanti <span class="bld">nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññāsahagataṃ</span>. Ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiārammaṇassa jhānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ.</p>
    1610. 

  1610. <p class="bodytext">Idha ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā nikantipariyādānadukkhatāya dukkhā paṭipadā, pariyādinnanikantikassa appanāparivāsadandhatāya dandhābhiññā. Vipariyāyena sukhā paṭipadā khippābhiññā ca. Parittakasiṇugghāṭimākāse pavattitaviññāṇāpagamārammaṇaṃ samāpattiṃ ārabbha pavattitāya parittārammaṇatā, vipariyāyena appamāṇārammaṇatā veditabbā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.</p>
    1611. 

  1611. <p class="gatha1">Asadisarūpo nātho, āruppaṃ yaṃ catubbidhaṃ āha;</p>
    1612. 

  1612. <p class="gathalast">Taṃ iti ñatvā tasmiṃ, pakiṇṇakakathāpi viññeyyā.</p>
    1613. 

  1613. <p class="bodytext">Arūpasamāpattiyo hi –</p>
    1614. 

  1614. <p class="gatha1">Ārammaṇātikkamato, catassopi bhavantimā;</p>
    1615. 

  1615. <p class="gathalast">Aṅgātikkamametāsaṃ, na icchanti vibhāvino.</p>
    1616. 

  1616. <p class="bodytext">Etāsu hi rūpanimittātikkamato paṭhamā, ākāsātikkamato dutiyā, ākāse pavattitaviññāṇātikkamato tatiyā, ākāse pavattitaviññāṇassa apagamātikkamato catutthāti sabbathā ‘ārammaṇātikkamato catassopi bhavantimā’ arūpasamāpattiyoti veditabbā. Aṅgātikkamaṃ pana etāsaṃ na icchanti paṇḍitā. Na hi rūpāvacarasamāpattīsu viya etāsu aṅgātikkamo atthi. Sabbāsupi hi etāsu upekkhā cittekaggatāti dve eva jhānaṅgāni honti. Evaṃ santepi –</p>
    1617. 

  1617. <p class="gatha1">Supaṇītatarā honti, pacchimā pacchimā idha;</p>
    1618. 

  1618. <p class="gathalast">Upamā tattha viññeyyā, pāsādatalasāṭikā.</p>
    1619. 

  1619. <p class="bodytext">Yathā <a name="M0.0255"></a><a name="P0.0210"></a><a name="V0.0254"></a> hi catubhūmakapāsādassa heṭṭhimatale dibbanaccagītavāditasurabhigandhamālāsādurasapānabhojanasayanacchādanādivasena paṇītā pañca kāmaguṇā paccupaṭṭhitā assu, dutiye tato paṇītatarā, tatiye tato paṇītatamā, catutthe sabbapaṇītā; tattha kiñcāpi tāni cattāripi pāsādatalāneva, natthi nesaṃ pāsādatalabhāvena viseso, pañcakāmaguṇasamiddhivisesena pana heṭṭhimato heṭṭhimato uparimaṃ uparimaṃ paṇītataraṃ hoti.</p>
    1620. 

  1620. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca ekāya itthiyā kantitathūlasaṇhasaṇhatarasaṇhatamasuttānaṃ catupalatipaladvipalaekapalasāṭikā assu, āyāmena vitthārena ca samappamāṇā; tattha kiñcāpi tā sāṭikā catassopi āyāmato ca vitthārato ca samappamāṇā, natthi tāsaṃ pamāṇato viseso, sukhasamphassasukhumabhāvamahagghabhāvehi pana purimāya purimāya pacchimā pacchimā paṇītatarā honti, evameva kiñcāpi catūsupi etāsu upekkhā cittekaggatāti etāni dveyeva aṅgāni honti, atha kho bhāvanāvisesena tesaṃ aṅgānaṃ paṇītapaṇītatarabhāvena supaṇītatarā honti pacchimā pacchimā idhāti veditabbā. Evaṃ anupubbena paṇītapaṇītā cetā –</p>
    1621. 

  1621. <p class="gatha1">Asucimhi maṇḍape laggo, eko taṃ nissito paro;</p>
    1622. 

  1622. <p class="gathalast">Añño bahi anissāya, taṃ taṃ nissāya cāparo.</p>
    1623. 

  1623. <p class="gatha1">Ṭhito catūhi etehi, purisehi yathākkamaṃ;</p>
    1624. 

  1624. <p class="gathalast">Samānatāya ñātabbā, catassopi vibhāvinā. (visuddhi. 1.291);</p>
    1625. 

  1625. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyamatthayojanā – asucimhi kira dese eko maṇḍapo. Atheko puriso āgantvā taṃ asuciṃ jigucchamāno taṃ maṇḍapaṃ hatthehi ālambitvā tattha laggo, laggito viya aṭṭhāsi. Athāparo āgantvā taṃ maṇḍapalaggaṃ purisaṃ nissito. Athañño āgantvā cintesi – ‘yo esa maṇḍape laggo, yo ca taṃ nissito, ubhopete duṭṭhitā; dhuvo ca nesaṃ maṇḍapapapāte pāto, handāhaṃ bahiyeva tiṭṭhāmī’ti so tannissitaṃ anissāya bahiyeva aṭṭhāsi. Athāparo āgantvā maṇḍapalaggassa <a name="M0.0256"></a> tannissitassa ca akhemabhāvaṃ cintetvā bahiṭhitañca suṭṭhitoti mantvā taṃ nissāya aṭṭhāsi.</p>
    1626. 

  1626. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0255"></a> asucimhi dese maṇḍapo viya kasiṇugghāṭimākāsaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Asucijigucchāya maṇḍapalaggo puriso viya rūpanimittajigucchāya ākāsārammaṇaṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ<a name="P0.0211"></a>. Maṇḍapalaggaṃ purisaṃ nissito viya ākāsārammaṇaṃ ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ ārabbha pavattaṃ viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ. Tesaṃ dvinnampi akhemabhāvaṃ cintetvā anissāya taṃ maṇḍapalaggaṃ, bahiṭhito viya, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ akatvā tadabhāvārammaṇaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ. Maṇḍapalaggassa tannissitassa ca akhemataṃ cintetvā bahiṭhitañca ‘suṭṭhito’ti mantvā taṃ nissāya ṭhito viya viññāṇābhāvasaṅkhāte bahipadese ṭhitaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ ārabbha pavattaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Evaṃ pavattamānañca –</p>
    1627. 

  1627. <p class="gatha1">Ārammaṇaṃ karoteva, aññābhāvena taṃ idaṃ;</p>
    1628. 

  1628. <p class="gathalast">Diṭṭhadosampi rājānaṃ, vuttihetu yathā jano. (visuddhi. 1.292);</p>
    1629. 

  1629. <p class="bodytext">Idañhi nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ ‘āsannaviññāṇañcāyatanapaccatthikā ayaṃ samāpattī’ti evaṃ diṭṭhadosampi taṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ aññassa ārammaṇassa abhāvā ārammaṇaṃ karoteva. Yathā kiṃ? ‘Diṭṭhadosampi rājānaṃ vuttihetu yathā jano’. Yathā hi asaṃyataṃ pharusakāyavacīmanosamācāraṃ kañci sabbadisampatiṃ rājānaṃ ‘pharusasamācāro aya’nti evaṃ diṭṭhadosampi aññattha vuttiṃ alabhamāno jano vuttihetu nissāya vattati, evaṃ diṭṭhadosampi taṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ aññaṃ ārammaṇaṃ alabhamānamidaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karoteva. Evaṃ kurumānañca –</p>
    1630. 

  1630. <p class="gatha1">Āruḷho dīghanisseṇiṃ, yathā nisseṇibāhukaṃ;</p>
    1631. 

  1631. <p class="gathalast">Pabbataggañca āruḷho, yathā pabbatamatthakaṃ.</p>
    1632. 

  1632. <p class="gatha1">Yathā vā girimāruḷho, attanoyeva jaṇṇukaṃ;</p>
    1633. 

  1633. <p class="gathalast">Olubbhati tathevetaṃ, jhānamolubbha vattatīti. (visuddhi. 1.293);</p>
    1634. 

  1634. <p class="centered">Arūpāvacarakusalakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1635. 

  1635. <p class="subhead">Tebhūmakakusalavaṇṇanā</p>
    1636. 

  1636. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0257"></a><a name="V0.0256"></a> yasmā sabbānipetāni tebhūmakakusalāni hīnādinā pabhedena vattanti, tasmā tesaṃ taṃ pabhedaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">hīna</span>nti lāmakaṃ. Taṃ āyūhanavasena veditabbaṃ. Hīnuttamānaṃ <a name="P0.0212"></a> majjhe bhavaṃ <span class="bld">majjhimaṃ</span>. Padhānabhāvaṃ nītaṃ <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ,</span> uttamanti attho. Tānipi āyūhanavaseneva veditabbāni. Yassa hi āyūhanakkhaṇe chando vā hīno hoti, vīriyaṃ vā, cittaṃ vā, vīmaṃsā vā, taṃ hīnaṃ nāma. Yassa te dhammā majjhimā ceva paṇītā, ca taṃ majjhimañceva paṇītañca. Yaṃ pana kattukāmatāsaṅkhātaṃ chandaṃ dhuraṃ chandaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ chandaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā āyūhitaṃ, taṃ chandādhipatito āgatattā <span class="bld">chandādhipateyyaṃ</span> nāma. Vīriyādhipateyyādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    1637. 

  1637. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne ṭhatvā nayā gaṇetabbā. Sabbapaṭhamaṃ vibhatto hi eko nayo, hīnanti eko, majjhimanti eko, paṇītanti eko, chandādhipateyyanti eko. Ime tāva chandādhipateyye pañca nayā. Evaṃ vīriyādhipateyyādīsupīti cattāro pañcakā vīsati honti. Purimo vā eko suddhikanayo, hīnantiādayo tayo, chandādhipateyyantiādayo cattāro, chandādhipateyyaṃ hīnantiādayo dvādasāti evampi vīsati nayā honti.</p>
    1638. 

  1638. <p class="bodytext">Ime vīsati mahānayā kattha vibhattāti? <span class="bld">Mahāpakaraṇe</span> (paṭṭhā. 2.14.1) hīnattike vibhattā. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne hīnattikato majjhimarāsiṃ gahetvā hīnamajjhimapaṇītavasena tayo koṭṭhāsā kātabbā. Tatopi majjhimarāsiṃ ṭhapetvā hīnapaṇīte gahetvā nava nava koṭṭhāsā kātabbā. Hīnasmiṃyeva hi hīnaṃ atthi majjhimaṃ atthi paṇītaṃ atthi. Paṇītasmimpi hīnaṃ atthi majjhimaṃ atthi paṇītaṃ atthi. Tathā hīnahīnasmiṃ hīnaṃ, hīnahīnasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, hīnahīnasmiṃ paṇītaṃ. Hīnamajjhimasmiṃ hīnaṃ, hīnamajjhimasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, hīnamajjhimasmiṃ paṇītaṃ. Hīnapaṇītasmiṃ hīnaṃ, hīnapaṇītasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, hīnapaṇītasmiṃ paṇītanti ayameko navako. Paṇītahīnasmimpi hīnaṃ nāma atthi, paṇītahīnasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, paṇītahīnasmiṃ paṇītaṃ. Tathā paṇītamajjhimasmiṃ hīnaṃ, paṇītamajjhimasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, paṇītamajjhimasmiṃ paṇītaṃ. Paṇītapaṇītasmiṃ hīnaṃ, paṇītapaṇītasmiṃ majjhimaṃ, paṇītapaṇītasmiṃ paṇītanti. Ayaṃ dutiyo navakoti dve navakā aṭṭhārasa. Imāni aṭṭhārasa kammadvārāni <a name="P0.0213"></a> nāma<a name="M0.0258"></a>. Imehi pabhāvitattā<a name="V0.0257"></a>, imesaṃ vasena, aṭṭhārasa khattiyā, aṭṭhārasa brāhmaṇā, aṭṭhārasa vessā, aṭṭhārasa suddā, aṭṭhacattālīsa gottacaraṇāni veditabbāni.</p>
    1639. 

  1639. <p class="bodytext">Imesu ca pana tebhūmakesu kusalesu kāmāvacarakusalaṃ tihetukampi duhetukampi hoti ñāṇasampayuttavippayuttavasena. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaraṃ pana tihetukameva ñāṇasampayuttameva. Kāmāvacarampettha adhipatinā sahāpi uppajjati vināpi. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaraṃ adhipatisampannameva hoti. Kāmāvacarakusale cettha ārammaṇādhipati sahajātādhipatīti dvepi adhipatayo labbhanti. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaresu ārammaṇādhipati na labbhati, sahajātādhipatiyeva labbhati. Tattha cittassa cittādhipateyyabhāvo sampayuttadhammānaṃ vasena vutto. Dvinnaṃ pana cittānaṃ ekato abhāvena sampayuttacittassa cittādhipati nāma natthi. Tathā chandādīnaṃ chandādhipatiādayo. Keci pana ‘sace cittavato kusalaṃ hoti, mayhaṃ bhavissatīti evaṃ yaṃ cittaṃ dhuraṃ katvā jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā aparaṃ kusalacittaṃ āyūhitaṃ, tassa taṃ purimacittaṃ cittādhipati nāma hoti, tato āgatattā idaṃ cittādhipateyyaṃ nāmā’ti evaṃ āgamanavasenāpi adhipatiṃ nāma icchanti. Ayaṃ pana nayo neva pāḷiyaṃ na aṭṭhakathāyaṃ dissati. Tasmā vuttanayeneva adhipatibhāvo veditabbo. Imesu ca ekūnavīsatiyā mahānayesu purime suddhikanaye vuttaparimāṇāneva cittāni ca navakā ca pāṭhavārā ca honti. Tasmā ñāṇasampayuttesu vuttaparimāṇato vīsatiguṇo cittanavakavārabhedo veditabbo, catūsu ñāṇavippayuttesu soḷasaguṇoti, ayaṃ tebhūmakakusale pakiṇṇakakathā nāmāti.</p>
    1640. 

  1640. <p class="centered">Tebhūmakakusalaṃ.</p>
    1641. 

  1641. <p class="title">Lokuttarakusalavaṇṇanā</p>
    1642. 

  1642. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para277"></a><span class="paranum">277</span>. Evaṃ bhavattayasampattinibbattakaṃ kusalaṃ dassetvā idāni sabbabhavasamatikkamanāya lokuttarakusalaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">lokuttara</span>nti kenaṭṭhena lokuttaraṃ? Lokaṃ <a name="M0.0259"></a><a name="P0.0214"></a> taratīti, lokuttaraṃ lokaṃ uttaratīti lokuttaraṃ; lokaṃ <a name="V0.0258"></a> samatikkamma abhibhuyya tiṭṭhatīti lokuttaraṃ (paṭi. ma. 2.43). <span class="bld">Jhānaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti ekacittakkhaṇikaṃ appanājhānaṃ bhāveti janeti vaḍḍheti.</p>
    1643. 

  1643. <p class="bodytext">Lokato niyyāti vaṭṭato niyyātīti <span class="bld">niyyānikaṃ</span>. Niyyāti vā etenāti niyyānikaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgī hi puggalo dukkhaṃ parijānanto niyyāti, samudayaṃ pajahanto niyyāti, nirodhaṃ sacchikaronto niyyāti, maggaṃ bhāvento niyyāti. Yathā ca pana tebhūmakakusalaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ cutipaṭisandhiyo ācināti vaḍḍhetīti ācayagāmī nāma hoti, na tathā idaṃ. Idaṃ pana yathā ekasmiṃ purise aṭṭhārasahatthaṃ pākāraṃ cinante aparo mahāmuggaraṃ gahetvā tena citacitaṭṭhānaṃ apacinanto viddhaṃsento eva gaccheyya, evameva tebhūmakakusalena citā cutipaṭisandhiyo paccayavekallakaraṇena apacinantaṃ viddhaṃsentaṃ gacchatīti apacayagāmi.</p>
    1644. 

  1644. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā</span>ti, ettha diṭṭhiyo eva diṭṭhigatāni, gūthagataṃ muttagatantiādīni (a. ni. 9.11) viya. Dvāsaṭṭhiyā vā diṭṭhīnaṃ antogadhattā diṭṭhīsu gatānītipi diṭṭhigatāni. Diṭṭhiyā vā gataṃ etesantipi diṭṭhigatāni. Diṭṭhisadisagamanāni diṭṭhisadisappavattānīti attho. Kāni pana tānīti? Sasampayuttāni sakkāyadiṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsaapāyagamanīyarāgadosamohākusalāni. Tāni hi yāva paṭhamamaggabhāvanā tāva pavattisabbhāvato diṭṭhisadisagamanānīti vuccanti. Iti diṭṭhiyo ca diṭṭhigatāni ca diṭṭhigatāni. Tesaṃ <span class="bld">diṭṭhigatānaṃ. Pahānāyā</span>ti samucchedavaseneva pajahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Paṭhamāyā</span>ti gaṇanavasenapi paṭhamuppattivasenapi paṭhamāya. <span class="bld">Bhūmiyā</span>ti ‘‘anantarahitāya bhūmiyā’’tiādīsu (pārā. 27; ma. ni. 2.296) tāva ayaṃ mahāpathavī bhūmīti vuccati. ‘‘Sukhabhūmiyaṃ kāmāvacare’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 988) cittuppādo. Idha pana sāmaññaphalaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tañhi sampayuttānaṃ nissayabhāvato te dhammā bhavanti etthāti bhūmi. Yasmā vā samānepi lokuttarabhāve sayampi bhavati uppajjati, na nibbānaṃ viya apātubhāvaṃ, tasmāpi bhūmīti vuccati; tassā <span class="bld">paṭhamāya bhūmiyā. Pattiyā</span>ti sotāpattiphalasaṅkhātassa <a name="P0.0215"></a> paṭhamassa sāmaññaphalassa <a name="M0.0260"></a> pattatthāya paṭilābhatthāyāti evamettha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Viviccā</span>ti samucchedavivekavasena viviccitvā, vinā hutvā.</p>
    1645. 

  1645. <p class="bodytext">Idāni kiñcāpi lokiyajjhānampi na vinā paṭipadāya ijjhati, evaṃ santepi idha suddhikanayaṃ <a name="V0.0259"></a> pahāya lokuttarajjhānaṃ paṭipadāya saddhiṃyeva garuṃ katvā desetukāmatāya <span class="bld">dukkhapaṭipadaṃ dandhābhiñña</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
    1646. 

  1646. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yo āditova kilese vikkhambhento dukkhena sasaṅkhārena sappayogena kilamanto vikkhambheti tassa dukkhā paṭipadā hoti; yo pana vikkhambhita kileso vipassanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena maggapātubhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti tassa dandhābhiññā hoti. Iti yo koci vāro dukkhapaṭipadadandhābhiñño nāma kato.</p>
    1647. 

  1647. <p class="bodytext">Katamaṃ pana vāraṃ rocesunti? Yattha sakiṃ vikkhambhitā kilesā samudācaritvā dutiyampi vikkhambhitā puna samudācaranti, tatiyaṃ vikkhambhite pana tathāvikkhambhiteva katvā maggena samugghātaṃ pāpeti, imaṃ vāraṃ rocesuṃ. Imassa vārassa dukkhāpaṭipadā dandhābhiññāti nāmaṃ kataṃ. Ettakena pana na pākaṭaṃ hoti. Tasmā evamettha ādito paṭṭhāya vibhāvanā veditabbā – yo hi cattāri mahābhūtāni pariggahetvā upādārūpaṃ pariggaṇhāti, arūpaṃ pariggaṇhāti, ‘rūpārūpaṃ’ pana pariggaṇhanto dukkhena kasirena kilamanto pariggahetuṃ sakkoti, tassa dukkhā paṭipadā nāma hoti. Pariggahitarūpārūpassa pana vipassanāparivāse maggapātubhāvadandhatāya dandhābhiññā nāma hoti.</p>
    1648. 

  1648. <p class="bodytext">Yopi rūpārūpaṃ pariggahetvā ‘nāmarūpaṃ’ vavatthapento dukkhena kasirena kilamanto vavatthapeti, vavatthāpite ca nāmarūpe vipassanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena maggaṃ uppādetuṃ sakkoti, tassāpi dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti.</p>
    1649. 

  1649. <p class="bodytext">Aparo nāmarūpampi vavatthapetvā ‘paccaye’ pariggaṇhanto dukkhena kasirena kilamanto pariggaṇhāti, paccaye ca pariggahetvā vipassanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena maggaṃ <a name="P0.0216"></a> uppādeti, evampi dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti.</p>
    1650. 

  1650. <p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M0.0261"></a> paccayepi pariggahetvā ‘lakkhaṇāni’ paṭivijjhanto dukkhena kasirena kilamanto paṭivijjhati, paṭividdhalakkhaṇo ca vipassanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena maggaṃ uppādeti, evampi dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti.</p>
    1651. 

  1651. <p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="V0.0260"></a> lakkhaṇānipi paṭivijjhitvā vipassanāñāṇe tikkhe sūre pasanne vahante uppannaṃ ‘vipassanānikantiṃ’ pariyādiyamāno dukkhena kasirena kilamanto pariyādiyati, nikantiñca pariyādiyitvā vipassanāparivāsaṃ vasanto cirena maggaṃ uppādeti, evampi dukkhā paṭipadā dandhābhiññā nāma hoti. Imaṃ vāraṃ rocesuṃ. Imassa vārassa etaṃ nāmaṃ kataṃ. Imināva upāyena parato tisso paṭipadā veditabbā.</p>
    1652. 

  1652. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phasso hotī</span>tiādīsu anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvoti cattāri padāni adhikāni. <span class="bld">Niddesavāre</span> ca vitakkādiniddesesu ‘maggaṅga’ntiādīni padāni adhikāni. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttasadisameva. Bhūmantaravasena pana lokuttaratāva idha viseso.</p>
    1653. 

  1653. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">anaññātaññassāmītindriya</span>nti ‘anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe anaññātaṃ amataṃ padaṃ catusaccadhammameva vā jānissāmī’ti paṭipannassa iminā pubbābhogena uppannaṃ indriyaṃ. Lakkhaṇādīni panassa heṭṭhā paññindriye vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
    1654. 

  1654. <p class="bodytext">Sundarā pasatthā vā vācā <span class="bld">sammāvācā</span>. Vacīduccaritasamugghāṭikāya micchāvācāviratiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sā pariggahalakkhaṇā viramaṇarasā micchāvācappahānapaccupaṭṭhānā. Sundaro pasattho vā kammanto <span class="bld">sammākammanto</span>. Micchākammantasamucchedikāya pāṇātipātādiviratiyā etaṃ nāmaṃ. So samuṭṭhānalakkhaṇo viramaṇaraso micchākammantappahānapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sundaro pasattho vā ājīvo <span class="bld">sammāājīvo</span>. Micchājīvaviratiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. So vodānalakkhaṇo ñāyājīvappavattiraso <a name="P0.0217"></a> micchājīvappahānapaccupaṭṭhāno.</p>
    1655. 

  1655. <p class="bodytext">Apica heṭṭhā viratittaye vuttavasenapettha lakkhaṇādīni veditabbāni. Iti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ vasena heṭṭhā vuttaṃ maggapañcakaṃ idha maggaṭṭhakaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yevāpanakesu ca imesaṃ abhāvo. Tathā karuṇāmuditānaṃ. Ime <a name="M0.0262"></a> hi tayo dhammā idha pāḷiyaṃ āgatattāva yevāpanakesu na gahitā. Karuṇāmuditā pana sattārammaṇā, ime dhammā nibbānārammaṇāti tāpettha na gahitā. Ayaṃ tāva uddesavāre visesattho.</p>
    1656. 

  1656. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. Niddesavāre <a name="V0.0261"></a> pana <span class="bld">maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpanna</span>nti ettha tāva maggassa aṅganti maggaṅgaṃ; maggakoṭṭhāsoti attho. Yathā pana araññe pariyāpannaṃ araññapariyāpannaṃ nāma hoti, evaṃ magge pariyāpannanti maggapariyāpannaṃ. Maggasannissitanti attho.</p>
    1657. 

  1657. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para285"></a><span class="paranum">285</span>. <span class="bld">Pītisambojjhaṅgo</span>ti ettha pīti eva sambojjhaṅgoti pītisambojjhaṅgo. Tattha bodhiyā bodhissa vā aṅgoti bojjhaṅgo. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yā ayaṃ dhammasāmaggī yāya lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe uppajjamānāya līnuddhaccapatiṭṭhānāyūhanakāmasukhattakilamathānuyogaucchedasassatābhinivesādīnaṃ anekesaṃ upaddavānaṃ paṭipakkhabhūtāya satidhammavicayavīriyapītipassaddhisamādhiupekkhāsaṅkhātāya dhammasāmaggiyā ariyasāvako bujjhatīti katvā bodhīti vuccati. Bujjhatīti kilesasantānaniddāya uṭṭhahati, cattāri vā ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati, nibbānameva vā sacchikaroti. Tassā dhammasāmaggīsaṅkhātāya bodhiyā aṅgotipi bojjhaṅgo, jhānaṅgamaggaṅgādīni viya. Yopesa yathāvuttappakārāya etāya dhammasāmaggiyā bujjhatīti katvā ariyasāvako bodhīti vuccati, tassa bodhissa aṅgotipi bojjhaṅgo; senaṅgarathaṅgādayo viya. Tenāhu aṭṭhakathācariyā – ‘‘bujjhanakassa puggalassa aṅgāti vā bojjhaṅgā’’ti (vibha. aṭṭha. 466; saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 3.5.182).</p>
    1658. 

  1658. <p class="bodytext">Apica ‘‘bojjhaṅgāti kenaṭṭhena bojjhaṅgā? Bodhāya saṃvattantīti bojjhaṅgā, bujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā, anubujjhantīti <a name="P0.0218"></a> bojjhaṅgā, paṭibujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā, sambujjhantīti bojjhaṅgā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 2.17) iminā paṭisambhidānayenāpi bojjhaṅgattho veditabbo. Pasattho sundaro vā bojjhaṅgoti sambojjhaṅgo. Evaṃ pīti eva sambojjhaṅgo pītisambojjhaṅgoti. Cittekaggatāniddesādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.</p>
    1659. 

  1659. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para296"></a><span class="paranum">296</span>. <span class="bld">Tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti ye tasmiṃ samaye paṭivedhaṃ gacchanti catusaccadhammā, tesaṃ dhammānaṃ. <span class="bld">Anaññātāna</span>nti kiñcāpi paṭhamamaggena te dhammā ñātā <a name="M0.0263"></a> nāma honti, yathā pana pakatiyā anāgatapubbaṃ vihāraṃ āgantvā vihāramajjhe ṭhitopi puggalo pakatiyā anāgatabhāvaṃ upādāya ‘anāgatapubbaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgatomhī’ti vadati, yathā ca pakatiyā apiḷandhapubbaṃ mālaṃ piḷandhitvā, anivatthapubbaṃ vatthaṃ nivāsetvā, abhuttapubbaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā, pakatiyā abhuttabhāvaṃ upādāya abhuttapubbaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuttomhīti vadati, evamidhāpi <a name="V0.0262"></a> yasmā pakatiyā iminā puggalena ime dhammā na ñātapubbā tasmā anaññātānanti vuttaṃ. Adiṭṭhādīsupi eseva nayo. Tattha <span class="bld">adiṭṭhāna</span>nti ito pubbe paññācakkhunā adiṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Appattāna</span>nti adhigamanavasena appattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Aviditāna</span>nti ñāṇena apākaṭakatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Asacchikatāna</span>nti apaccakkhakatānaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacchikiriyāyā</span>ti paccakkhakaraṇatthaṃ. Yathā ca iminā padena, evaṃ sesehipi saddhiṃ anaññātānaṃ ñāṇāya, adiṭṭhānaṃ dassanāya, appattānaṃ pattiyā, aviditānaṃ vedāyāti yojanā kātabbā.</p>
    1660. 

  1660. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. <span class="bld">Catūhi vacīduccaritehī</span>tiādīsu vacīti vacīviññatti veditabbā. Tiṇṇaṃ dosānaṃ yena kenaci duṭṭhāni caritānīti duccaritāni. Vacīto pavattāni duccaritāni vacīduccaritāni, vaciyā vā nipphāditāni duccaritāni vacīduccaritāni. Tehi <span class="bld">vacīduccaritehi</span>. Ārakā ramatīti <span class="bld">ārati</span>. Vinā tehi ramatīti <span class="bld">virati</span>. Tato tato paṭinivattāva hutvā tehi vinā ramatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirati</span>. Upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Sabbamidaṃ oramaṇabhāvassevādhivacanaṃ. Veraṃ maṇati, vināsetīti <span class="bld">veramaṇī</span>. Idampi oramaṇasseva vevacanaṃ. Yāya <a name="P0.0219"></a> pana cetanāya musāvādādīni bhāsamāno karoti nāma, ayaṃ lokuttaramaggavirati. Uppajjitvā taṃ kiriyaṃ kātuṃ na deti, kiriyāpathaṃ pacchindatīti <span class="bld">akiriyā</span>. Tathā taṃ karaṇaṃ kātuṃ na deti, karaṇapathaṃ pacchindatīti <span class="bld">akaraṇaṃ</span>. Yāya ca cetanāya catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ bhāsamāno ajjhāpajjati nāma, ayaṃ uppajjitvā tathā ajjhāpajjituṃ na detīti <span class="bld">anajjhāpatti</span>.</p>
    1661. 

  1661. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Velāanatikkamo</span>ti ettha ‘‘tāya velāyā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.154; mahāva. 1-3; udā. 1 ādayo) tāva kālo velāti āgato. ‘‘Uruvelāyaṃ viharatī’’ti (mahāva. 1; saṃ. ni. 1.137) ettha rāsi. ‘‘Ṭhitadhammo velaṃ nātivattatī’’ti (cūḷava. 384; a. ni. 8.19; udā. 45) ettha sīmā. Idhāpi sīmāva. Anatikkamanīyaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0264"></a> hi cattāri vacīsucaritāni velāti adhippetāni. Iti yāya cetanāya cattāri vacīduccaritāni bhāsamāno velaṃ atikkamati nāma, ayaṃ uppajjitvā taṃ velaṃ atikkamituṃ na detīti velāanatikkamoti vuttā. Velāyatīti vā velā, calayati viddhaṃsetīti attho. Kiṃ velāyati? Catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ. Iti velāyanato ‘velā’. Purisassa <a name="V0.0263"></a> pana hitasukhaṃ anatikkamitvā vattatīti ‘anatikkamo’. Evamettha padadvayavasenāpi attho veditabbo.</p>
    1662. 

  1662. <p class="bodytext">Setuṃ hanatīti <span class="bld">setughāto;</span> catunnaṃ vacīduccaritānaṃ padaghāto paccayaghātoti attho. Paccayo hi idha setūti adhippeto. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – rāgādiko catunnaṃ vacīduccaritānaṃ paccayo vaṭṭasmiṃ puggalaṃ sinoti bandhatīti setu. Setussa ghāto setughāto. Vacīduccaritapaccayasamugghāṭikāya viratiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Ayaṃ pana sammāvācāsaṅkhātā virati pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhati. Aññeneva hi cittena musāvādā viramati, aññena pesuññādīhi. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacittasmiṃyeva labbhati. Catubbidhāya hi vacīduccaritacetanāya padapacchedaṃ kurumānā maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva virati uppajjati.</p>
    1663. 

  1663. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritehī</span>ti kāyato pavattehi kāyena vā nipphāditehi pāṇātipātādīhi duccaritehi. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Ayampi sammākammantasaṅkhātā virati pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhati. Aññeneva hi cittena pāṇātipātā <a name="P0.0220"></a> viramati, aññena adinnādānamicchācārehi. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacittasmiṃyeva labbhati. Tividhāya hi kāyaduccaritacetanāya padapacchedaṃ kurumānā maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva virati uppajjati.</p>
    1664. 

  1664. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para301"></a><span class="paranum">301</span>. Sammāājīvaniddese <span class="bld">akiriyā</span>tiādīsu yāya cetanāya micchājīvaṃ ājīvamāno kiriyaṃ karoti nāma, ayaṃ uppajjitvā taṃ kiriyaṃ kātuṃ na detīti akiriyāti. Iminā nayena yojanā veditabbā. Ājīvo ca nāmesa pāṭiyekko natthi, vācākammantesu gahitesu gahitova hoti, tappakkhikattā. Dhuvapaṭisevanavasena panāyaṃ tato nīharitvā dassitoti. Evaṃ sante sammāājīvo sakiccako na hoti<a name="M0.0265"></a>, aṭṭha maggaṅgāni na paripūrenti, tasmā sammāājīvo sakiccako kātabbo, aṭṭha maggaṅgāni paripūretabbānīti. Tatrāyaṃ nayo – ājīvo nāma bhijjamāno kāyavacīdvāresuyeva bhijjati. Manodvāre ājīvabhedo nāma natthi. Pūrayamānopi tasmiṃyeva dvāradvaye pūrati. Manodvāre ājīvapūraṇaṃ nāma natthi. Kāyadvāre pana vītikkamo ājīvahetukopi atthi naājīvahetukopi. Tathā vacīdvāre.</p>
    1665. 

  1665. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0264"></a> yaṃ rājarājamahāmattā khiḍḍāpasutā sūrabhāvaṃ dassentā migavadhaṃ vā panthaduhanaṃ vā paradāravītikkamaṃ vā karonti, idaṃ akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ nāma. Tato viratipi ‘sammākammanto’ nāma. Yaṃ pana naājīvahetukaṃ catubbidhaṃ vacīduccaritaṃ bhāsanti, idaṃ akusalaṃ vacīkammaṃ nāma. Tato viratipi ‘sammāvācā’ nāma.</p>
    1666. 

  1666. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana ājīvahetu nesādamacchabandhādayo pāṇaṃ hananti, adinnaṃ ādiyanti, micchācāraṃ caranti, ayaṃ micchājīvo nāma. Tato virati ‘sammāājīvo’ nāma. Yampi lañjaṃ gahetvā musā bhaṇanti, pesuññapharusasamphappalāpe pavattenti, ayampi micchājīvo nāma. Tato virati sammāājīvo nāma.</p>
    1667. 

  1667. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahāsīvatthero</span> panāha – ‘kāyavacīdvāresupi vītikkamo ājīvahetuko <a name="P0.0221"></a> vā hotu no vā ājīvahetuko, akusalaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammantveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. Tato viratipi sammākammanto sammāvācātveva vuccatī’ti. ‘Ājīvo kuhi’nti vutte pana ‘tīṇi kuhanavatthūni nissāya cattāro paccaye uppādetvā tesaṃ paribhogo’ti āha. Ayaṃ pana koṭippatto micchājīvo. Tato virati sammāājīvo nāma.</p>
    1668. 

  1668. <p class="bodytext">Ayampi sammāājīvo pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhati, aññeneva hi cittena kāyadvāravītikkamā viramati, aññena vacīdvāravītikkamā. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacittasmiṃyeva labbhati. Kāyavacīdvāresu hi sattakammapathavasena uppannāya micchājīvasaṅkhātāya dussīlyacetanāya padapacchedaṃ kurumānā maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva virati uppajjatīti. Ayaṃ niddesavāre viseso.</p>
    1669. 

  1669. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="M0.0266"></a> panetaṃ indriyesu anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ, maggaṅgesu ca sammāvācādīni, tesaṃ vasena saṅgahavāre ‘‘navindriyāni, aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti vuttaṃ. Suññatavāro pākatikoyevāti. Ayaṃ tāva suddhikapaṭipadāya viseso.</p>
    1670. 

  1670. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. Ito paraṃ suddhikasuññatā suññatapaṭipadā suddhikaappaṇihitā appaṇihitapaṭipadāti ayaṃ desanābhedo hoti. Tattha <span class="bld">suññata</span>nti lokuttaramaggassa nāmaṃ. So hi <a name="V0.0265"></a> āgamanato saguṇato ārammaṇatoti tīhi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati. Kathaṃ? Idha bhikkhu anattato abhinivisitvā anattato saṅkhāre passati. Yasmā pana anattato diṭṭhamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, aniccatopi dukkhatopi daṭṭhumeva vaṭṭati, tasmā ‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’ti tividhaṃ anupassanaṃ āropetvā sammasanto carati. Vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā panassa tebhūmakepi saṅkhāre suññatova passati. Ayaṃ vipassanā suññatā nāma hoti. Sā āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa ‘suññata’nti nāmaṃ deti. Evaṃ maggo ‘āgamanato’ suññatanāmaṃ labhati. Yasmā pana so rāgādīhi suñño tasmā ‘saguṇeneva’ suññatanāmaṃ labhati. Nibbānampi rāgādīhi suññattā suññatanti vuccati. Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannattā maggo ‘ārammaṇato’ suññatanāmaṃ labhati.</p>
    1671. 

  1671. <p class="bodytext">Tattha suttantikapariyāyena <a name="P0.0222"></a> saguṇatopi ārammaṇatopi nāmaṃ labhati. Pariyāyadesanā hesā. Abhidhammakathā pana nippariyāyadesanā. Tasmā idha saguṇato vā ārammaṇato vā nāmaṃ na labhati, āgamanatova labhati. Āgamanameva hi dhuraṃ. Taṃ duvidhaṃ hoti – vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamananti. Tattha maggassa āgataṭṭhāne vipassanāgamanaṃ dhuraṃ, phalassa āgataṭṭhāne maggāgamanaṃ dhuraṃ. Idha maggassa āgatattā vipassanāgamanameva dhuraṃ jātaṃ.</p>
    1672. 

  1672. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para350"></a><span class="paranum">350</span>. <span class="bld">Appaṇihita</span>nti, etthāpi appaṇihitanti maggasseva nāmaṃ. Idampi nāmaṃ maggo tīheva kāraṇehi labhati. Kathaṃ? Idha bhikkhu āditova dukkhato abhinivisitvā dukkhatova saṅkhāre passati. Yasmā pana dukkhato diṭṭhamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, aniccatopi anattatopi daṭṭhumeva vaṭṭati, tasmā aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’ti tividhaṃ anupassanaṃ āropetvā <a name="M0.0267"></a> sammasanto carati. Vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanā panassa tebhūmakasaṅkhāresu paṇidhiṃ sosetvā pariyādiyitvā vissajjeti. Ayaṃ vipassanā appaṇihitā nāma hoti. Sā āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa ‘appaṇihita’nti nāmaṃ deti. Evaṃ maggo ‘āgamanato’ appaṇihitanāmaṃ labhati. Yasmā pana tattha rāgadosamohapaṇidhayo natthi, tasmā ‘saguṇeneva’ appaṇihitanāmaṃ labhati. Nibbānampi tesaṃ paṇidhīnaṃ abhāvā appaṇihitanti vuccati. Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannattā maggo appaṇihitanāmaṃ labhati.</p>
    1673. 

  1673. <p class="bodytext">Tattha suttantikapariyāyena saguṇatopi ārammaṇatopi nāmaṃ labhati. Pariyāyadesanā hesā<a name="V0.0266"></a>. Abhidhammakathā pana nippariyāyadesanā. Tasmā idha saguṇato vā ārammaṇato vā nāmaṃ na labhati, āgamanatova labhati. Āgamanameva hi dhuraṃ. Taṃ duvidhaṃ hoti – vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamananti. Tattha maggassa āgataṭṭhāne vipassanāgamanaṃ dhuraṃ, phalassa āgataṭṭhāne <a name="P0.0223"></a> maggāgamanaṃ dhuraṃ. Idha maggassa āgatattā vipassanāgamanameva dhuraṃ jātaṃ.</p>
    1674. 

  1674. <p class="bodytext">Nanu ca suññato animitto appaṇihitoti tīṇi maggassa nāmāni? Yathāha – ‘‘tayome, bhikkhave, vimokkhā – suññato vimokkho, animitto vimokkho, appaṇihito vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.209). Tesu idha dve magge gahetvā animitto kasmā na gahitoti? Āgamanābhāvato. Animittavipassanā hi sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti. Sammāsambuddho pana attano puttassa rāhulattherassa.</p>
    1675. 

  1675. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Animittañca bhāvehi, mānānusayamujjaha;</p>
    1676. 

  1676. <p class="gathalast">Tato mānābhisamayā, upasanto carissasī’’ti. (su. ni. 344);</p>
    1677. 

  1677. <p class="bodytext">Animittavipassanaṃ kathesi. Vipassanā hi niccanimittaṃ dhuvanimittaṃ sukhanimittaṃ attanimittañca ugghāṭeti. Tasmā animittāti kathitā. Sā ca kiñcāpi taṃ nimittaṃ ugghāṭeti, sayaṃ pana nimittadhammesu caratīti sanimittāva hoti. Tasmā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti.</p>
    1678. 

  1678. <p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M0.0268"></a> nayo – abhidhammo nāma paramatthadesanā. Animittamaggassa ca paramatthato hetuvekallameva hoti. Kathaṃ? Aniccānupassanāya hi vasena animittavimokkho kathito. Tena ca vimokkhena saddhindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti. Taṃ ariyamagge ekaṅgampi na hoti, amaggaṅgattā attano maggassa paramatthato nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkoti. Itaresu pana dvīsu anattānupassanāya tāva vasena suññatavimokkho, dukkhānupassanāya vasena appaṇihitavimokkho kathito. Tesu suññatavimokkhena paññindriyaṃ adhimattaṃ hoti, appaṇihitavimokkhena samādhindriyaṃ. Tāni ariyamaggassa aṅgattā attano maggassa paramatthato nāmaṃ dātuṃ sakkonti. Maggārammaṇattikepi hi maggādhipatidhammavibhajane chandacittānaṃ adhipatikāle <a name="V0.0267"></a> tesaṃ dhammānaṃ amaggaṅgattāva maggādhipatibhāvo na vutto. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbanti. Ayamettha aṭṭhakathāmuttako ekassa ācariyassa mativinicchayo.</p>
    1679. 

  1679. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="P0.0224"></a> sabbathāpi animittavipassanā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ dātuṃ na sakkotīti animittamaggo na gahito. Keci pana ‘animittamaggo āgamanato nāmaṃ alabhantopi suttantapariyāyena saguṇato ca ārammaṇato ca nāmaṃ labhatī’ti āhaṃsu. Te idaṃ vatvā paṭikkhittā – animittamagge saguṇato ca ārammaṇato ca nāmaṃ labhante suññataappaṇihitamaggāpi saguṇatoyeva ārammaṇatoyeva ca idha nāmaṃ labheyyuṃ. Na pana labhanti. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Ayañhi maggo nāma dvīhi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhati – sarasato ca paccanīkato ca; sabhāvato ca paṭipakkhato cāti attho. Tattha suññataappaṇihitamaggā sarasatopi paccanīkatopi nāmaṃ labhanti. Suññataappaṇihitamaggā hi rāgādīhi suññā, rāgapaṇidhiādīhi ca appaṇihitāti evaṃ ‘sarasato’ nāmaṃ labhanti. Suññato ca attābhinivesassa paṭipakkho, appaṇihito paṇidhissāti evaṃ ‘paccanīkato’ nāmaṃ labhanti. Animittamaggo pana rāgādinimittānaṃ niccanimittādīnañca abhāvena sarasatova nāmaṃ labhati, no paccanīkato. Na hi so saṅkhāranimittārammaṇāya aniccānupassanāya paṭipakkho. Aniccānupassanā panassa anulomabhāve ṭhitāti. Sabbathāpi abhidhammapariyāyena animittamaggo nāma natthīti.</p>
    1680. 

  1680. <p class="bodytext">Suttantikapariyāyena <a name="M0.0269"></a> panesa evaṃ āharitvā dīpito – yasmiñhi vāre maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tīṇi lakkhaṇāni ekāvajjanena viya āpāthamāgacchanti, tiṇṇañca ekato āpāthagamanaṃ nāma natthi. Kammaṭṭhānassa pana vibhūtabhāvadīpanatthaṃ evaṃ vuttaṃ. Ādito hi yattha katthaci abhiniveso hotu, vuṭṭhānagāminī pana vipassanā yaṃ yaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti tassa tasseva vasena āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano maggassa nāmaṃ deti. Kathaṃ? Aniccādīsu hi yattha katthaci abhinivisitvā itarampi lakkhaṇadvayaṃ daṭṭhuṃ vaṭṭati eva. Ekalakkhaṇadassanamatteneva hi maggavuṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, tasmā aniccato abhiniviṭṭho bhikkhu <a name="P0.0225"></a> na kevalaṃ aniccatova vuṭṭhāti, dukkhatopi anattatopi vuṭṭhātiyeva. Dukkhato anattato abhiniviṭṭhepi eseva nayo. Iti ādito yattha katthaci abhiniveso hotu, vuṭṭhānagāminī pana vipassanā yaṃ yaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti tassa tasseva vasena āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā <a name="V0.0268"></a> attano maggassa nāmaṃ deti. Tattha aniccato vuṭṭhahantassa maggo animitto nāma hoti, dukkhato vuṭṭhahantassa appaṇihito, anattato vuṭṭhahantassa suññatoti. Evaṃ suttantapariyāyena āharitvā dīpito.</p>
    1681. 

  1681. <p class="bodytext">Vuṭṭhānagāminī pana vipassanā kimārammaṇāti? Lakkhaṇārammaṇāti. Lakkhaṇaṃ nāma paññattigatikaṃ na vattabbadhammabhūtaṃ. Yo pana aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti tīṇi lakkhaṇāni sallakkheti, tassa pañcakkhandhā kaṇṭhe baddhakuṇapaṃ viya honti. Saṅkhārārammaṇameva ñāṇaṃ saṅkhārato vuṭṭhāti. Yathā hi eko bhikkhu pattaṃ kiṇitukāmo pattavāṇijena pattaṃ ābhataṃ disvā haṭṭhapahaṭṭho gaṇhissāmīti cintetvā vīmaṃsamāno tīṇi chiddāni passeyya, so na chiddesu nirālayo hoti, patte pana nirālayo hoti; evameva tīṇi lakkhaṇāni sallakkhetvā saṅkhāresu nirālayo hoti. Saṅkhārārammaṇeneva ñāṇena saṅkhārato vuṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ. Dussopamāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
    1682. 

  1682. <p class="bodytext">Iti bhagavā lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhājento suddhikapaṭipadāya catukkanayaṃ pañcakanayanti dvepi naye āhari. Tathā suddhikasuññatāya suññatapaṭipadāya suddhikaappaṇihitāya appaṇihitapaṭipadāyāti. Kasmā evaṃ āharīti? Puggalajjhāsayena ceva desanāvilāsena ca. Tadubhayampi heṭṭhā <a name="M0.0270"></a> vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ <span class="bld">lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ bhāvetī</span>ti ettha suddhikapaṭipadāya catukkapañcakavasena dve nayā, tathā sesesūti sabbesupi pañcasu koṭṭhāsesu dasa nayā bhājitā.</p>
    1683. 

  1683. <p class="subhead">Lokuttarakusalaṃ pakiṇṇakakathā</p>
    1684. 

  1684. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ –</p>
    1685. 

  1685. <p class="gatha1">Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, rūpārūpesu pañcasu;</p>
    1686. 

  1686. <p class="gathalast">Sattaṭṭhaṅgapariṇāmaṃ, nimittaṃ paṭipadāpatīti.</p>
    1687. 

  1687. <p class="bodytext">Lokuttaramaggo hi ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattaṃ vuṭṭhāti<a name="P0.0226"></a>, ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā abhinivisitvā <a name="V0.0269"></a> bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti, bahiddhā abhinivisitvā ajjhattaṃ vuṭṭhāti. Rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti, rūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti. Arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti, arūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti, ekappahāreneva pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti.</p>
    1688. 

  1688. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Sattaṭṭhaṅgapariṇāma’</span>nti so panesa maggo aṭṭhaṅgikopi hoti sattaṅgikopi. Bojjhaṅgāpi satta vā honti cha vā. Jhānaṃ pana pañcaṅgikaṃ vā hoti caturaṅgikaṃ vā; tivaṅgikaṃ vā duvaṅgikaṃ vā. Evaṃ sattaaṭṭhādīnaṃ aṅgānaṃ pariṇāmo veditabboti attho.</p>
    1689. 

  1689. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Nimittaṃ paṭipadāpatī’</span>ti nimittanti yato vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti; ‘paṭipadāpatī’ti paṭipadāya ca adhipatino ca calanācalanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1690. 

  1690. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattaṃ vuṭṭhātītiādīsu tāva idhekacco āditova ajjhattaṃ pañcasu khandhesu abhinivisati, abhinivisitvā te aniccādito passati, yasmā pana na suddhaajjhattadassanamatteneva maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, bahiddhāpi daṭṭhabbameva, tasmā parassa khandhepi anupādinnasaṅkhārepi aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti passati. So kālena ajjhattaṃ sammasati kālena bahiddhāti. Tassevaṃ sammasato ajjhattaṃ sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati. Evaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā ajjhattaṃ vuṭṭhāti nāma. Sace panassa bahiddhā sammasanakāle vipassanā maggena <a name="M0.0271"></a> saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati, evaṃ ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā bahiddhā vuṭṭhāti nāma. Eseva nayo bahiddhā abhinivisitvā bahiddhā ca ajjhattañca vuṭṭhānepi.</p>
    1691. 

  1691. <p class="bodytext">Aparo āditova rūpe abhinivisati abhinivisitvā bhūtarūpañca upādārūpañca paricchinditvā aniccādito passati, yasmā pana na suddharūpadassanamatteneva vuṭṭhānaṃ hoti arūpampi daṭṭhabbameva, tasmā taṃ rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā <a name="P0.0227"></a> uppannaṃ vedanaṃ saññaṃ saṅkhāre viññāṇañca idaṃ arūpanti paricchinditvā aniccādito passati. So kālena rūpaṃ sammasati kālena arūpaṃ. Tassevaṃ sammasato rūpasammasanakāle vipassanā maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati. Evaṃ rūpe abhinivisitvā rūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma. Sace panassa arūpasammasanakāle vipassanā <a name="V0.0270"></a> maggena saddhiṃ ghaṭiyati, evaṃ rūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā vuṭṭhāti nāma. Esa nayo arūpe abhinivisitvā arūpā ca rūpā ca vuṭṭhānepi.</p>
    1692. 

  1692. <p class="bodytext">‘‘Yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti (mahāva. 16; dī. ni. 1.298) evaṃ abhinivisitvā evameva vuṭṭhānakāle pana ekappahārena pañcahi khandhehi vuṭṭhāti nāmāti. Ayaṃ tikkhavipassakassa mahāpaññassa bhikkhuno vipassanā.</p>
    1693. 

  1693. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi chātajjhattassa purisassa majjhe gūthapiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā nānaggarasabhojanapuṇṇaṃ pātiṃ upaneyyuṃ, so byañjanaṃ hatthena viyūhanto taṃ gūthapiṇḍaṃ disvā ‘kimida’nti pucchitvā gūthapiṇḍoti vutte ‘dhi dhi, apanethā’ti bhattepi pātiyampi nirālayo hoti. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1694. 

  1694. <p class="bodytext">Bhojanapātidassanasmiñhi tassa attamanakālo viya imassa bhikkhuno bālaputhujjanakāle pañcakkhandhe ‘ahaṃ mamā’ti gahitakālo. Gūthapiṇḍassa diṭṭhakālo viya tiṇṇaṃ lakkhaṇānaṃ sallakkhitakālo. Bhattepi pātiyampi nirālayakālo viya tikkhavipassakassa mahāpaññassa bhikkhuno ‘‘yaṃkiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti pañcahi khandhehi ekappahārena vuṭṭhitakālo veditabbo.</p>
    1695. 

  1695. <p class="bodytext">‘Sattaṭṭhaṅgapariṇāma’nti ettha ayaṃ vuttappabhedo aṅgapariṇāmo yathā hoti tathā veditabbo. Saṅkhārupekkhāñāṇameva hi ariyamaggassa bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgavisesaṃ <a name="M0.0272"></a> niyameti. Keci pana therā ‘bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgajhānaṅgavisesaṃ pādakajjhānaṃ niyametī’ti vadanti. Keci ‘vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentī’ti vadanti. Keci ‘puggalajjhāsayo niyametī’ti vadanti. Tesampi vādesu ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāsaṅkhātā pubbabhāgā vuṭṭhānagāminivipassanāva niyametīti veditabbā.</p>
    1696. 

  1696. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ anupubbīkathā – vipassanāniyamena hi sukkhavipassakassa <a name="P0.0228"></a> uppannamaggopi samāpattilābhino jhānaṃ pādakaṃ akatvā uppannamaggopi paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā uppāditamaggopi paṭhamajjhānikova hoti. Sabbesu satta bojjhaṅgāni aṭṭha maggaṅgāni pañca jhānaṅgāni honti. Tesañhi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi <a name="V0.0271"></a> upekkhāsahagatāpi hutvā vuṭṭhānakāle saṅkhārupekkhābhāvaṃ pattā somanassasahagatāva hoti.</p>
    1697. 

  1697. <p class="bodytext">Pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggesu yathākkameneva jhānaṃ caturaṅgikaṃ tivaṅgikaṃ duvaṅgikañca hoti. Sabbesu pana satta maggaṅgāni honti, catutthe cha bojjhaṅgāni. Ayaṃ viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena ceva vipassanāniyamena ca hoti. Tesampi hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hoti. Vuṭṭhānagāminī somanassasahagatāva.</p>
    1698. 

  1698. <p class="bodytext">Pañcamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā nibbattitamagge pana upekkhācittekaggatāvasena dve jhānaṅgāni bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni cha satta ceva. Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena hoti. Imasmiñhi naye pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā upekkhāsahagatā vā hoti, vuṭṭhānagāminī upekkhāsahagatāva. Arūpajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggepi eseva nayo. Evaṃ pādakajjhānato vuṭṭhāya ye keci saṅkhāre sammasitvā nibbattitamaggassa āsannapadese vuṭṭhitā samāpatti attanā sadisabhāvaṃ karoti, bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa.</p>
    1699. 

  1699. <p class="bodytext">Dutiyattheravāde pana yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ye ye samāpattidhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito hoti taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisova hoti, sammasitasamāpattisadisoti attho. Sace <a name="M0.0273"></a> pana kāmāvacaradhamme sammasati paṭhamajjhānikova hoti. Tatrāpi vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
    1700. 

  1700. <p class="bodytext">Tatiyattheravāde <a name="P0.0229"></a> ‘aho vatāhaṃ sattaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ pāpuṇeyyaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ pāpuṇeyya’nti attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ye vā ye vā jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito taṃtaṃjhānasadisova hoti. Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā, ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhati. Svāyamattho <span class="bld">nandakovādasuttena</span> dīpetabbo. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    1701. 

  1701. <p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe pannarase na hoti bahuno janassa kaṅkhā vā vimati <a name="V0.0272"></a> vā ‘ūno nu kho cando puṇṇo nu kho cando’ti, atha kho puṇṇo candotveva hoti, evameva kho, bhikkhave, tā bhikkhuniyo nandakassa dhammadesanāya attamanā ceva paripuṇṇasaṅkappā ca. Tāsaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcannaṃ bhikkhunisatānaṃ yā pacchimikā bhikkhunī sā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.415).</p>
    1702. 

  1702. <p class="bodytext">Tāsu hi yassā bhikkhuniyā sotāpattiphalassa upanissayo, sā sotāpattiphaleneva paripuṇṇasaṅkappā ahosi…pe… yassā arahattassa upanissayo sā arahatteneva. Evameva attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ye vā ye vā jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito taṃtaṃjhānasadisova so hoti. Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā, ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhatīti. Etthāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
    1703. 

  1703. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘pādakajjhānameva niyametī’ti evaṃvādiṃ <span class="bld">tipiṭakacūḷanāgattheraṃ</span> antevāsikā āhaṃsu – ‘bhante, yattha tāva pādakajjhānaṃ atthi tattha taṃ niyametu; yasmiṃ pana pādakajjhānaṃ natthi, tasmiṃ arūpabhave kiṃ niyametī’ti? ‘Āvuso, tatthapi pādakajjhānameva niyameti. Yo hi bhikkhu aṭṭhasamāpattilābhī paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā sotāpattimaggaphalāni nibbattetvā aparihīnajjhāno kālaṃ katvā arūpabhave nibbatto, paṭhamajjhānikāya sotāpattiphalasamāpattiyā vuṭṭhāya vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā upari <a name="M0.0274"></a> tīṇi maggaphalāni nibbatteti, tassa tāni paṭhamajjhānikāneva honti. Dutiyajjhānikādīsupi eseva nayo. Arūpe <a name="P0.0230"></a> tikacatukkajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tañca kho lokuttaraṃ na lokiyaṃ. Evaṃ tatthāpi pādakajjhānameva niyameti āvuso’ti. ‘Sukathito, bhante, pañho’ti.</p>
    1704. 

  1704. <p class="bodytext">‘Vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamenti; yaṃ yaṃ hi pañcakkhandhaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhāti taṃtaṃsadisova maggo hotī’ti vādiṃ <span class="bld">moravāpivāsimahādattatthera</span>mpi antevāsikā āhaṃsu ‘bhante, tumhākaṃ vāde doso paññāyati – rūpaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhitabhikkhuno hi rūpasadisena abyākatena maggena bhavitabbaṃ, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ nayato pariggahetvā vuṭṭhitassa taṃsadiseneva nevasaññānāsaññābhāvappattena maggena bhavitabba’nti. ‘Na, āvuso, evaṃ hoti. Lokuttaramaggo hi appanaṃ appatto nāma natthi, tasmā rūpaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhitassa aṭṭhaṅgiko somanassasahagatamaggo <a name="V0.0273"></a> hoti, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ sammasitvā vuṭṭhitassapi na sabbākārena tādiso hoti, sattaṅgiko pana upekkhāsahagatamaggo hotī’ti.</p>
    1705. 

  1705. <p class="bodytext">‘Puggalajjhāsayo niyametī’tivādino <span class="bld">cūḷābhayattherassā</span>pi vādaṃ āharitvā tipiṭakacūḷanāgattherassa kathayiṃsu. So āha – ‘yassa tāva pādakajjhānaṃ atthi tassa puggalajjhāsayo niyametu, yassa taṃ natthi tassa katarajjhāsayo niyamessati niddhanassa vuḍḍhigavesanakālo viya hotī’ti.</p>
    1706. 

  1706. <p class="bodytext">Taṃ kathaṃ āharitvā tipiṭakacūḷābhayattherassa puna kathayiṃsu. So ‘pādakajjhānavato idaṃ kathitaṃ āvuso’ti āha. Yathā pana pādakajjhānavato, sammasitajjhānavatopi tatheva veditabbaṃ. Pañcamajjhānato vuṭṭhāya hi paṭhamādīni sammasato uppannamaggo paṭhamattheravādena pañcamajjhāniko. Dutiyavādena paṭhamādijjhāniko āpajjatīti dvepi vādā virujjhanti. Tatiyavādena panettha ‘yaṃ icchati tajjhāniko hotī’ti te ca vādā na virujjhanti, ajjhāsayo ca sātthako hotīti. Evaṃ tayopi therā paṇḍitā byattā buddhisampannāva<a name="P0.0231"></a>. Tena tesaṃ vādaṃ tantiṃ katvā ṭhapayiṃsu. Idha pana atthameva uddharitvā tayopete vāde vipassanāva niyametīti dassitaṃ.</p>
    1707. 

  1707. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0275"></a> ‘nimittaṃ paṭipadāpatī’ti ettha evaṃ aṅgapariṇāmavato maggassa uppādakāle gotrabhu kuto vuṭṭhāti? Maggo kutoti? Gotrabhu tāva nimittato vuṭṭhāti, pavattaṃ chettuṃ na sakkoti, ekatovuṭṭhāno hesa. Maggo nimittato vuṭṭhāti, pavattampi chindati ubhatovuṭṭhāno hesa. Tesaṃ ayaṃ uppattinayo – yasmiñhi vāre maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ anulomaṃ neva ekaṃ hoti, na pañcamaṃ. Ekañhi āsevanaṃ na labhati, pañcamaṃ bhavaṅgassa āsannattā pavedhati. Tadā hi javanaṃ patitaṃ nāma hoti. Tasmā neva ekaṃ hoti na pañcamaṃ. Mahāpaññassa pana dve anulomāni honti, tatiyaṃ gotrabhu, catutthaṃ maggacittaṃ, tīṇi phalāni, tato bhavaṅgotaraṇaṃ. Majjhimapaññassa tīṇi anulomāni honti, catutthaṃ gotrabhu, pañcamaṃ maggacittaṃ, dve phalāni, tato bhavaṅgotaraṇaṃ. Mandapaññassa cattāri anulomāni, honti pañcamaṃ gotrabhu, chaṭṭhaṃ maggacittaṃ, sattamaṃ phalaṃ, tato bhavaṅgotaraṇaṃ. Tatra mahāpaññamandapaññānaṃ vasena akathetvā majjhimapaññassa vasena kathetabbaṃ.</p>
    1708. 

  1708. <p class="bodytext">Yasmiñhi <a name="V0.0274"></a> vāre maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu upekkhāsahagatā manodvārāvajjanaṃ hutvā vipassanāgocare khandhe ārammaṇaṃ katvā bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭeti. Tadanantaraṃ teneva āvajjanena gahitakkhandhe gahetvā uppajjati paṭhamaṃ javanaṃ anulomañāṇaṃ. Taṃ tesu khandhesu aniccāti vā dukkhāti vā anattāti <a name="P0.0232"></a> vā pavattitvā oḷārikaṃ oḷārikaṃ saccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ vinodetvā tīṇi lakkhaṇāni bhiyyo bhiyyo pākaṭāni katvā nirujjhati. Tadanantaraṃ uppajjati dutiyānulomaṃ. Tesu purimaṃ anāsevanaṃ. Dutiyassa purimaṃ āsevanaṃ hoti. Tampi laddhāsevanattā tikkhaṃ sūraṃ pasannaṃ hutvā tasmiṃyevārammaṇe tenevākārena pavattitvā majjhimappamāṇaṃ saccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ vinodetvā tīṇi lakkhaṇāni bhiyyo bhiyyo pākaṭāni katvā nirujjhati. Tadanantaraṃ uppajjati tatiyānulomaṃ. Tassa dutiyaṃ āsevanaṃ hoti. Tampi laddhāsevanattā tikkhaṃ sūraṃ pasannaṃ hutvā tasmiṃyevārammaṇe tenevākārena pavattitvā tadavasesaṃ aṇusahagataṃ saccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ vinodetvā niravasesaṃ katvā tīṇi lakkhaṇāni bhiyyo bhiyyo pākaṭāni <a name="M0.0276"></a> katvā nirujjhati. Evaṃ tīhi anulomehi saccapaṭicchādakatame vinodite tadanantaraṃ uppajjati gotrabhuññāṇaṃ nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kurumānaṃ.</p>
    1709. 

  1709. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ upamā – eko kira cakkhumā puriso nakkhattayogaṃ jānissāmīti rattibhāge nikkhamitvā candaṃ passituṃ uddhaṃ ullokesi. Tassa valāhakehi paṭicchannattā cando na paññāyittha. Atheko vāto uṭṭhahitvā thūlathūle valāhake viddhaṃsesi. Aparo majjhime. Aparo sukhume. Tato so puriso vigatavalāhake nabhe candaṃ disvā nakkhattayogaṃ aññāsi.</p>
    1710. 

  1710. <p class="bodytext">Tattha tayo valāhakā viya saccapaṭicchādakathūlamajjhimasukhumakilesandhakārā. Tayo vātā viya tīṇi anulomacittāni. Cakkhumā puriso viya gotrabhuññāṇaṃ. Cando viya nibbānaṃ. Ekekassa vātassa yathākkamena valāhakattayaviddhaṃsanaṃ viya ekekassa anulomacittassa saccapaṭicchādakatamavinodanaṃ. Vigatavalāhake nabhe tassa purisassa visuddhacandadassanaṃ viya vigate saccapaṭicchādake <a name="P0.0233"></a> tame gotrabhuññāṇassa suvisuddhanibbānārammaṇakaraṇaṃ.</p>
    1711. 

  1711. <p class="bodytext">Yatheva hi tayo vātā candapaṭicchādake valāhakeyeva viddhaṃsetuṃ sakkonti, na candaṃ daṭṭhuṃ, evaṃ anulomāni saccapaṭicchādakatameyeva vinodetuṃ sakkonti, na nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ kātuṃ<a name="V0.0275"></a>. Yathā so puriso candameva daṭṭhuṃ sakkoti na valāhake viddhaṃsetuṃ, evaṃ gotrabhuññāṇaṃ nibbānameva ārammaṇaṃ kātuṃ sakkoti na kilesatamaṃ vinodetuṃ. Evaṃ anulomaṃ saṅkhārārammaṇaṃ hoti, gotrabhu nibbānārammaṇaṃ.</p>
    1712. 

  1712. <p class="bodytext">Yadi hi gotrabhu anulomena gahitārammaṇaṃ gaṇheyya puna anulomaṃ taṃ anubandheyyāti maggavuṭṭhānameva na bhaveyya. Gotrabhuññāṇaṃ pana anulomassa ārammaṇaṃ aggahetvā taṃ apacchatopavattikaṃ katvā sayaṃ anāvajjanampi samānaṃ āvajjanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā evaṃ nibbattāhīti maggassa saññaṃ datvā viya nirujjhati. Maggopi tena dinnasaññaṃ amuñcitvāva avīcisantativasena taṃ ñāṇaṃ anubandhamāno anibbiddhapubbaṃ apadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ mohakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhamānova padālayamānova nibbattati.</p>
    1713. 

  1713. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M0.0277"></a> upamā – eko kira issāso dhanusatamatthake phalakasataṃ ṭhapāpetvā vatthena mukhaṃ veṭhetvā saraṃ sannayhitvā cakkayante aṭṭhāsi. Añño puriso cakkayantaṃ āvañchitvā yadā issāsassa phalakasataṃ abhimukhaṃ hoti tadā tattha daṇḍakena saññaṃ deti, issāso daṇḍakasaññaṃ amuñcitvāva saraṃ khipitvā phalakasataṃ nibbijjhati. Tattha daṇḍakasaññā viya gotrabhuññāṇaṃ. Issāso viya maggañāṇaṃ. Issāsassa daṇḍakasaññaṃ amuñcitvāva phalakasatanibbijjhanaṃ viya maggañāṇassa gotrabhuññāṇena dinnasaññaṃ amuñcitvāva nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā anibbiddhapubbaapadālitapubbānaṃ lobhakkhandhādīnaṃ nibbijjhanapadālanaṃ. Bhūmiladdhavaṭṭasetusamugghātakaraṇantipi <a name="P0.0234"></a> etadeva. Maggassa hi ekameva kiccaṃ anusayappajahanaṃ. Iti so anusaye pajahanto nimittā vuṭṭhāti nāma, pavattaṃ chindati nāma. <span class="bld">‘Nimitta’</span>nti rūpavedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇanimittaṃ. ‘Pavatta’mpi rūpavedanāsaññāsaṅkhāraviññāṇapavattameva. Taṃ duvidhaṃ hoti – upādinnakaṃ anupādinnakanti. Tesu maggassa anupādinnakato vuṭṭhānacchāyā dissatīti vatvā anupādinnakato vuṭṭhātīti vadiṃsu.</p>
    1714. 

  1714. <p class="bodytext">Sotāpattimaggena hi cattāri diṭṭhigatasampayuttāni vicikicchāsahagatanti pañca cittāni pahīyanti. Tāni rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpenti. Taṃ anupādinnakarūpakkhandho. Tāni cittāni viññāṇakkhandho. Taṃsampayuttā vedanā saññā saṅkhārā tayo arūpakkhandhā. Tattha sace sotāpannassa sotāpattimaggo abhāvito abhavissa tāni pañca cittāni chasu ārammaṇesu pariyuṭṭhānaṃ <a name="V0.0276"></a> pāpuṇeyyuṃ. Sotāpattimaggo pana tesaṃ pariyuṭṭhānenappattiṃ vārayamāno setusamugghātaṃ abhabbuppattikabhāvaṃ kurumāno anupādinnakato vuṭṭhāti nāma.</p>
    1715. 

  1715. <p class="bodytext">Sakadāgāmimaggena cattāri diṭṭhigatavippayuttāni dve domanassasahagatānīti oḷārikakāmarāgabyāpādavasena cha cittāni pahīyanti. Anāgāmimaggena aṇusahagatakāmarāgabyāpādavasena tāni eva cha cittāni pahīyanti. Arahattamaggena cattāri diṭṭhigatavippayuttāni uddhaccasahagatañcāti pañca akusalacittāni pahīyanti. Tattha sace tesaṃ ariyānaṃ te maggā abhāvitā assu, tāni cittāni chasu ārammaṇesu pariyuṭṭhānaṃ pāpuṇeyyuṃ. Te pana tesaṃ maggā pariyuṭṭhānappattiṃ vārayamānā setusamugghātaṃ <a name="M0.0278"></a> abhabbuppattikabhāvaṃ kurumānā anupādinnakato vuṭṭhahanti nāma.</p>
    1716. 

  1716. <p class="bodytext">Upādinnakato vuṭṭhānacchāyā dissatīti vatvā upādinnakato <a name="P0.0235"></a> vuṭṭhātītipi vadiṃsu. Sace hi sotāpannassa sotāpattimaggo abhāvito abhavissa, ṭhapetvā satta bhave anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe upādinnakappavattaṃ pavatteyya. Kasmā? Tassa pavattiyā hetūnaṃ atthitāya. Tīṇi saṃyojanāni diṭṭhānusayo vicikicchānusayoti ime pana pañca kilese sotāpattimaggo uppajjamānova samugghāteti. Idāni kuto sotāpannassa satta bhave ṭhapetvā anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe upādinnakappavattaṃ pavattissati? Evaṃ sotāpattimaggo upādinnakappavattaṃ appavattaṃ kurumāno upādinnakato vuṭṭhāti nāma.</p>
    1717. 

  1717. <p class="bodytext">Sace sakadāgāmissa sakadāgāmimaggo abhāvito abhavissa, ṭhapetvā dve bhave pañcasu bhavesu upādinnakapavattaṃ pavatteyya. Kasmā? Tassa pavattiyā hetūnaṃ atthitāya. Oḷārikāni kāmarāgapaṭighasaṃyojanāni oḷāriko kāmarāgānusayo paṭighānusayoti ime pana cattāro kilese so maggo uppajjamānova samugghāteti. Idāni kuto sakadāgāmissa dve bhave ṭhapetvā pañcasu bhavesu upādinnakappavattaṃ pavattissati? Evaṃ sakadāgāmimaggo upādinnakappavattaṃ appavattaṃ kurumāno upādinnakato vuṭṭhāti nāma.</p>
    1718. 

  1718. <p class="bodytext">Sace anāgāmissa anāgāmimaggo abhāvito abhavissa, ṭhapetvā ekaṃ bhavaṃ dutiyabhave upādinnakappavattaṃ pavatteyya. Kasmā? Tassa pavattiyā hetūnaṃ atthitāya. Aṇusahagatāni <a name="V0.0277"></a> kāmarāgapaṭighasaṃyojanāni aṇusahagato kāmarāgānusayo paṭighānusayoti ime pana cattāro kilese so maggo uppajjamānova samugghāteti. Idāni kuto anāgāmissa ekaṃ bhavaṃ ṭhapetvā dutiyabhave upādinnakappavattaṃ pavattissati? Evaṃ anāgāmimaggo upādinnakappavattaṃ appavattaṃ kurumāno upādinnakato vuṭṭhāti nāma.</p>
    1719. 

  1719. <p class="bodytext">Sace arahato arahattamaggo abhāvito abhavissa, rūpārūpabhavesu upādinnakappavattaṃ pavatteyya. Kasmā? Tassa pavattiyā hetūnaṃ atthitāya<a name="M0.0279"></a>. Rūparāgo arūparāgo māno uddhaccaṃ avijjā mānānusayo bhavarāgānusayo avijjānusayoti ime pana aṭṭha kilese so maggo uppajjamānova samugghāteti. Idāni kuto khīṇāsavassa punabbhave upādinnakappavattaṃ pavattissati? Evaṃ arahattamaggo <a name="P0.0236"></a> upādinnakappavattaṃ appavattaṃ kurumāno upādinnakato vuṭṭhāti nāma.</p>
    1720. 

  1720. <p class="bodytext">Sotāpattimaggo cettha apāyabhavato vuṭṭhāti, sakadāgāmimaggo sugatikāmabhavekadesato, anāgāmimaggo kāmabhavato, arahattamaggo rūpārūpabhavato sabbabhavehipi vuṭṭhāti evāti vadanti.</p>
    1721. 

  1721. <p class="bodytext">Imassa panatthassa vibhāvanatthaṃ ayaṃ pāḷi – ‘‘sotāpattimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena satta bhave ṭhapetvā anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe ye uppajjeyyuṃ, nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhanti vūpasamanti atthaṃ gacchanti paṭippassambhanti.</p>
    1722. 

  1722. <p class="bodytext">‘Sakadāgāmimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena dve bhave ṭhapetvā pañcasu bhavesu ye uppajjeyyuṃ, nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhanti vūpasamanti atthaṃ gacchanti paṭippassambhanti.</p>
    1723. 

  1723. <p class="bodytext">‘Anāgāmimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena ekaṃ bhavaṃ ṭhapetvā kāmadhātuyā dvīsu bhavesu ye uppajjeyyuṃ, nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhanti vūpasamanti atthaṃ gacchanti paṭippassambhanti.</p>
    1724. 

  1724. <p class="bodytext">‘Arahattamaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena rūpadhātuyā vā arūpadhātuyā vā ye uppajjeyyuṃ<a name="V0.0278"></a>, nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhanti vūpasamanti atthaṃ gacchanti paṭippassambhanti. Arahato anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyantassa carimaviññāṇassa nirodhena paññā ca sati ca nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhanti vūpasamanti atthaṃ gacchanti paṭippassambhantī’’ti (cūḷani. ajitamāṇavapucchāniddesa 6). Ayaṃ tāva nimitte vinicchayo.</p>
    1725. 

  1725. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Paṭipadāpatī’</span>ti – ettha pana paṭipadā calati na calatīti? Calati. Tathāgatassa hi sāriputtattherassa ca cattāropi maggā sukhapaṭipadā khippābhiññā ahesuṃ. Mahāmoggallānattherassa paṭhamamaggo sukhapaṭipado khippābhiñño, upari tayo maggā dukkhapaṭipadā khippābhiññā. Kasmā? Niddābhibhūtattā. Sammāsambuddho <a name="M0.0280"></a> kira sattāhaṃ daharakumārakaṃ viya theraṃ parihari. Theropi ekadivasaṃ niddāyamāno nisīdi. Atha naṃ satthā āha – ‘‘pacalāyasi no tvaṃ, moggallāna, pacalāyasi no tvaṃ moggallānā’’ti (a. ni. 7.61). Evarūpassapi mahābhiññappattassa sāvakassa paṭipadā <a name="P0.0237"></a> calati, sesānaṃ kiṃ na calissati? Ekaccassa hi bhikkhuno cattāropi maggā dukkhapaṭipadā dandhābhiññā honti, ekaccassa dukkhapaṭipadā khippābhiññā, ekaccassa sukhapaṭipadā dandhābhiññā, ekaccassa sukhapaṭipadā khippābhiññā. Ekaccassa paṭhamamaggo dukkhapaṭipado dandhābhiñño hoti, dutiyamaggo dukkhapaṭipado khippābhiñño, tatiyamaggo sukhapaṭipado dandhābhiñño, catutthamaggo sukhapaṭipado khippābhiññoti.</p>
    1726. 

  1726. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca paṭipadā evaṃ adhipatipi calati eva. Ekaccassa hi bhikkhuno cattāropi maggā chandādhipateyyā honti, ekaccassa vīriyādhipateyyā, ekaccassa cittādhipateyyā, ekaccassa vīmaṃsādhipateyyā. Ekaccassa pana paṭhamamaggo chandādhipateyyo hoti, dutiyo vīriyādhipateyyo, tatiyo cittādhipateyyo, catuttho vīmaṃsādhipateyyoti.</p>
    1727. 

  1727. <p class="centered">Pakiṇṇakakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1728. 

  1728. <p class="subhead">Paṭhamamaggavīsatimahānayo</p>
    1729. 

  1729. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para357"></a><span class="paranum">357</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0279"></a> yasmā lokuttarakusalaṃ bhāvento na kevalaṃ upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena jhānaṃyeva bhāveti, niyyānaṭṭhena pana maggampi bhāveti, upaṭṭhānaṭṭhena satipaṭṭhānampi, padahanaṭṭhena sammappadhānampi, ijjhanaṭṭhena iddhipādampi, adhipatiyaṭṭhena indriyampi, akampiyaṭṭhena balampi, bujjhanaṭṭhena bojjhaṅgampi, tathaṭṭhena saccampi, avikkhepaṭṭhena samathampi, suññataṭṭhena dhammampi, rāsaṭṭhena khandhampi, āyatanaṭṭhena āyatanampi, suññasabhāvanissattaṭṭhena dhātumpi, paccayaṭṭhena āhārampi, phusanaṭṭhena phassampi, vedayitaṭṭhena vedanampi, sañjānanaṭṭhena saññampi, cetayitaṭṭhena cetanampi, vijānanaṭṭhena cittampi bhāveti, tasmā etesaṃ ekūnavīsatiyā padānaṃ dassanatthaṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ ‘idampi bhāveti, idampi bhāvetī’ti puggalajjhāsayena ceva desanāvilāsena ca vīsati nayā desitā honti<a name="M0.0281"></a>. Dhammaṃ sotuṃ nisinnadevaparisāya hi ye upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena lokuttaraṃ <a name="P0.0238"></a> ‘jhāna’nti kathite bujjhanti, tesaṃ sappāyavasena jhānanti kathitaṃ…pe… ye vijānanaṭṭhena ‘citta’nti vutte bujjhanti, tesaṃ sappāyavasena cittanti kathitaṃ. Ayamettha ‘puggalajjhāsayo’.</p>
    1730. 

  1730. <p class="bodytext">Sammāsambuddho pana attano buddhasubodhitāya dasabalacatuvesārajjacatupaṭisambhidatāya chaasādhāraṇañāṇayogena ca desanaṃ yadicchakaṃ niyametvā dasseti. Icchanto upanijjhāyanaṭṭhena lokuttaraṃ jhānanti dasseti, icchanto niyyānaṭṭhena…pe… vijānanaṭṭhena lokuttaraṃ cittanti. Ayaṃ ‘desanāvilāso’ nāma. Tattha yatheva lokuttaraṃ jhānanti vuttaṭṭhāne dasa nayā vibhattā, evaṃ maggādīsupi teyeva veditabbā. Iti vīsatiyā ṭhānesu dasa dasa katvā dve nayasatāni vibhattāni honti.</p>
    1731. 

  1731. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para358"></a><span class="paranum">358</span>. Idāni adhipatibhedaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha chandaṃ dhuraṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā nibbattitaṃ lokuttaraṃ jhānaṃ <span class="bld">chandādhipateyyaṃ</span> nāma. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Iti purimasmiṃ suddhike dvenayasatāni chandādhipateyyādīsupi dve dveti nayasahassena bhājetvā paṭhamamaggaṃ dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1732. 

  1732. <p class="centered">Paṭhamamaggo niṭṭhito.</p>
    1733. 

  1733. <p class="subhead">Dutiyamaggo</p>
    1734. 

  1734. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0280"></a> dutiyamaggādīnaṃ dassanatthaṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāmarāgabyāpādānaṃ tanubhāvāyā</span>ti etesaṃ kilesānaṃ tanubhāvatthāya. Tattha dvīhi kāraṇehi tanubhāvo veditabbo – adhiccuppattiyā ca pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya ca. Sakadāgāmissa hi, vaṭṭānusārimahājanasseva, kilesā abhiṇhaṃ nuppajjanti, kadāci kadāci uppajjanti; uppajjantāpi viraḷākārā hutvā uppajjanti, viraḷavāpitakhette aṅkurā viya. Uppajjamānāpi, ca vaṭṭānusārimahājanasseva, maddantā pharantā chādentā andhakāraṃ <a name="P0.0239"></a> karontā nuppajjanti. Dvīhi pana maggehi pahīnattā mandā mandā <a name="M0.0282"></a> uppajjanti. Tanukākārā hutvā uppajjanti, abbhapaṭalaṃ viya makkhikāpattaṃ viya ca.</p>
    1735. 

  1735. <p class="bodytext">Tattha keci therā vadanti – ‘sakadāgāmissa kilesā kiñcāpi cirena uppajjanti, bahalāva pana hutvā uppajjanti, tathā hissa puttā ca dhītaro ca dissantī’ti. Etaṃ pana appamāṇaṃ. Puttadhītaro hi aṅgapaccaṅgaparāmasanamattenapi honti. Dvīhi pana maggehi pahīnattā natthi kilesānaṃ bahalatāti. Dvīhi eva kāraṇehissa kilesānaṃ tanubhāvo veditabbo – adhiccuppattiyā ca pariyuṭṭhānamandatāya cāti.</p>
    1736. 

  1736. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiyāyā</span>ti gaṇanavasenāpi dutiyuppattivasenāpi dutiyāya. <span class="bld">Bhūmiyā pattiyā</span>ti sāmaññaphalassa paṭilābhatthāya. Tatiyacatutthesupi eseva nayo. Visesamattaṃyeva pana vakkhāma.</p>
    1737. 

  1737. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññindriya</span>nti ājānanakaṃ indriyaṃ. Paṭhamamaggena ñātamariyādaṃ anatikkamitvā tesaṃyeva tena maggena ñātānaṃ catusaccadhammānaṃ jānanakaṃ indriyanti vuttaṃ hoti. Niddesavārepissa imināva nayena attho veditabbo. Koṭṭhāsavārepi imināva saddhiṃ navindriyāni honti. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1738. 

  1738. <p class="centered">Dutiyamaggo niṭṭhito.</p>
    1739. 

  1739. <p class="subhead">Tatiyacatutthamaggā</p>
    1740. 

  1740. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. Tatiye <a name="V0.0281"></a> <span class="bld">anavasesappahānāyā</span>ti tesaṃyeva sakadāgāmimaggena tanubhūtānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ nissesapajahanatthāya.</p>
    1741. 

  1741. <p class="bodytext">Catutthe <span class="bld">rūparāgaarūparāgamānauddhaccaavijjāya anavasesappahānāyā</span>ti etesaṃ pañcannaṃ uddhambhāgiyasaṃyojanānaṃ nissesapajahanatthāya. Tattha <span class="bld">rūparāgo</span>ti rūpabhave chandarāgo. <span class="bld">Arūparāgo</span>ti arūpabhave chandarāgo. <span class="bld">Māno</span>ti arahattamaggavajjhako māno eva. Tathā <a name="P0.0240"></a> uddhaccāvijjā. Imesupi dvīsu maggesu navamaṃ aññindriyameva hoti.</p>
    1742. 

  1742. <p class="subhead">Catumagganayasahassaṃ</p>
    1743. 

  1743. <p class="bodytext">Sabbamaggesu <a name="M0.0283"></a> padapaṭipāṭiyā samasaṭṭhipadāni, catūhi apaṇṇakaṅgehi saddhiṃ catusaṭṭhi honti. Asambhinnato pana tettiṃsa. Koṭṭhāsavārasuññatavārā pākatikā eva. Yathā ca pana paṭhamamagge evaṃ dutiyādīsupi nayasahassamevāti cattāro magge catūhi nayasahassehi bhājetvā dassesi dhammarājā.</p>
    1744. 

  1744. <p class="bodytext">Saccavibhaṅge pana saṭṭhi nayasahassāni lokuttarāni imesaṃ eva vasena nikkhittāni. Satipaṭṭhānavibhaṅge vīsati nayasahassāni lokuttarāni, sammappadhānavibhaṅge vīsati, iddhipādavibhaṅge dvattiṃsa, bojjhaṅgavibhaṅge dvattiṃsa, maggaṅgavibhaṅge aṭṭhavīsati nayasahassāni lokuttarāni imesaṃ eva vasena nikkhittāni.</p>
    1745. 

  1745. <p class="bodytext">Idha pana catūsu maggesu cattāriyeva nayasahassāni. Tesu paṭhamajjhānike paṭhamamagge aṭṭhaṅgāni bhājitāni; tathā dutiyādīsu. Tattha paṭhamamagge sammādiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi micchāsaṅkappādīnaṃ pajahanaṭṭheneva veditabbā. Evaṃ sante ‘paṭhamamaggeneva dvāsaṭṭhiyā diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahīnattā uparimaggattayena pahātabbā diṭṭhi nāma natthi. Tattha sammādiṭṭhīti nāmaṃ kathaṃ hotī’ti? ‘Yathā visaṃ atthi vā, hotu mā vā, agado agado tveva vuccati, evaṃ micchādiṭṭhi atthi vā, hotu mā vā, ayaṃ sammādiṭṭhi eva nāma’.</p>
    1746. 

  1746. <p class="bodytext">‘Yadi <a name="V0.0282"></a> evaṃ nāmamattamevetaṃ hoti, uparimaggattaye pana sammādiṭṭhiyā kiccābhāvo āpajjati, maggaṅgāni na paripūrenti, tasmā sammādiṭṭhi sakiccakā kātabbā maggaṅgāni pūretabbānī’ti. Sakiccakā cettha sammādiṭṭhi yathālābhaniyamena dīpetabbā. Uparimaggattayavajjho hi eko māno atthi, so diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Sā taṃ mānaṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Sotāpattimaggasmiñhi sammādiṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahati. Sotāpannassa pana sakadāgāmimaggavajjho māno atthi, so diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati sā taṃ mānaṃ pajahatīti sammādiṭṭhi. Tasseva sattaakusalacittasahajāto saṅkappo atthi. Teheva cittehi vācaṅgacopanaṃ atthi, kāyaṅgacopanaṃ atthi<a name="P0.0241"></a>, paccayaparibhogo atthi, sahajātavāyāmo <a name="M0.0284"></a> atthi, asatibhāvo atthi, sahajātacittekaggatā atthi. Ete micchāsaṅkappādayo nāma sakadāgāmimagge sammāsaṅkappādayo. Tesaṃ pahānena sammāsaṅkappādayoti veditabbā. Evaṃ sakadāgāmimagge aṭṭhaṅgāni sakiccakāni katvā āgatāni. Sakadāgāmissa anāgāmimaggavajjho māno atthi. So diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Tasseva sattahi cittehi sahajātā saṅkappādayo. Tesaṃ pahānena anāgāmimagge aṭṭhannaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakiccakatā veditabbā. Anāgāmissa arahattamaggavajjho māno atthi. So diṭṭhiṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Yāni panassa pañca akusalacittāni, tehi sahajātā saṅkappādayo. Tesaṃ pahānena arahattamagge aṭṭhannaṃ aṅgānaṃ sakiccakatā veditabbā.</p>
    1747. 

  1747. <p class="bodytext">Imesu catūsu maggesu paṭhamamaggena cattāri saccāni diṭṭhāni. ‘Uparimaggattayaṃ diṭṭhakameva passati, adiṭṭhakaṃ passatī’ti diṭṭhakameva passatīti ayaṃ ācariyānaṃ samānatthakathā. Vitaṇḍavādī panāha ‘adiṭṭhaṃ passatī’ti. So vattabbo – ‘paṭhamamagge katamaṃ indriyaṃ bhājesī’ti? Jānamāno ‘anaññātaññassāmītindriya’nti vakkhati. ‘Uparimaggesu katara’nti? Vuttepi ‘aññindriya’nti vakkhati. So vattabbo – ‘adiṭṭhasaccadassane sati uparimaggesupi anaññātaññassāmītindriyameva bhājehi. Evaṃ te pañho samessatī’ti. ‘Kilese pana aññe añño pajahati; pahīne eva pajahatī’ti? ‘Aññe añño pajahatī’ti. ‘Yadi aññe añño, appahīne kilese pajahati. Saccānipi adiṭṭhāneva passatī’ti evaṃvādī puggalo pucchitabbo – ‘saccāni nāma katī’ti? Jānanto ‘cattārī’ti vakkhati. So vattabbo – ‘tava vāde soḷasa saccāni āpajjanti. Tvaṃ buddhehipi adiṭṭhaṃ passasi. Bahusaccako nāma tvaṃ. Evaṃ mā gaṇha. Saccadassanaṃ nāma apubbaṃ natthi, kilese pana appahīne pajahatī’ti.</p>
    1748. 

  1748. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P0.0242"></a><a name="V0.0283"></a> saccadassanassa apubbābhāve peḷopamaṃ nāma gahitaṃ – ekassa kira cattāro ratanapeḷā sāragabbhe ṭhapitā. So rattibhāge peḷāsu uppannakicco dvāraṃ vivaritvā, dīpaṃ jāletvā, dīpena vihate andhakāre, peḷāsu pākaṭabhāvaṃ gatāsu, tāsu kiccaṃ katvā dvāraṃ pidahitvā gato. Puna andhakāraṃ avatthari. Dutiyavārepi tatiyavārepi tatheva akāsi. Catutthavāre dvāre vivaṭe andhakāre peḷā na paññāyantīti vīmaṃsantasseva <a name="M0.0285"></a> sūriyo uggañchi, sūriyobhāsena vihate andhakāre peḷāsu kiccaṃ katvā pakkāmi.</p>
    1749. 

  1749. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cattāro peḷā viya cattāri saccāni. Tāsu kicce uppanne dvāravivaraṇakālo viya sotāpattimaggassa vipassanābhinīharaṇakālo. Andhakāraṃ viya saccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ. Dīpo bhāso viya sotāpattimaggobhāso. Vihate andhakāre tassa purisassa peḷānaṃ pākaṭabhāvo viya maggañāṇassa saccānaṃ pākaṭabhāvo. Maggañāṇassa pākaṭāni pana maggasamaṅgissa puggalassa pākaṭāneva honti. Peḷāsu kiccaṃ katvā gatakālo viya sotāpattimaggassa attanā pahātabbakilese pajahitvā niruddhakālo. Puna andhakārāvattharaṇaṃ viya uparimaggattayavajjhasaccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ.</p>
    1750. 

  1750. <p class="bodytext">Dutiyavāre dvāravivaraṇakālo viya sakadāgāmimaggassa vipassanābhinīharaṇakālo. Dīpobhāso viya sakadāgāmimaggobhāso. Peḷāsu kiccaṃ katvā gatakālo viya sakadāgāmimaggassa attanā pahātabbakilese pajahitvā niruddhakālo. Puna andhakārāvattharaṇaṃ viya uparimaggadvayavajjhasaccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ.</p>
    1751. 

  1751. <p class="bodytext">Tatiyavāre dvāravivaraṇakālo viya anāgāmimaggassa vipassanābhinīharaṇakālo. Dīpobhāso viya anāgāmimaggobhāso. Peḷāsu kiccaṃ katvā gatakālo viya anāgāmimaggassa attanā pahātabbakilese pajahitvā niruddhakālo. Puna andhakārāvattharaṇaṃ viya upariarahattamaggavajjhasaccapaṭicchādakatamaṃ.</p>
    1752. 

  1752. <p class="bodytext">Catutthavāre dvāravivaraṇakālo viya arahattamaggassa vipassanābhinīharaṇakālo. Sūriyuggamanaṃ viya arahattamagguppādo. Andhakāravidhamanaṃ viya arahattamaggassa saccapaṭicchādakatamavinodanaṃ<a name="P0.0243"></a>. Vihate andhakāre tassa peḷānaṃ pākaṭabhāvo viya arahattamaggañāṇassa catunnaṃ <a name="V0.0284"></a> saccānaṃ pākaṭabhāvo. Ñāṇassa pākaṭāni pana puggalassa pākaṭāneva honti. Peḷāsu kiccaṃ katvā gatakālo viya arahattamaggassa sabbakilesakhepanaṃ. Sūriyuggamanato paṭṭhāya ālokasseva pavattikālo viya arahattamaggassa uppannakālato paṭṭhāya puna saccapaṭicchādakatamābhāvo<a name="M0.0286"></a>. Idaṃ tāva saccadassanassa apubbābhāve opammaṃ.</p>
    1753. 

  1753. <p class="bodytext">Diṭṭhakameva hi passati. ‘Kilese pana aññe añño pajahatī’ti ettha khāropamaṃ nāma gahitaṃ. Eko puriso kiliṭṭhaṃ vatthaṃ rajakassa adāsi. Rajako ūsakhāraṃ chārikakhāraṃ gomayakhāranti tayo khāre datvā khārehi khāditabhāvaṃ ñatvā udake vikkhāletvā oḷārikoḷārikaṃ malaṃ pavāhesi. Tato na tāva parisuddhanti dutiyampi tatheva khāre datvā, udake vikkhāletvā, tato nātisaṇhataraṃ malaṃ pavāhesi. Tato na tāva parisuddhanti tatiyampi te khāre datvā udake vikkhāletvā tato saṇhataraṃ malaṃ pavāhesi. Tato na tāva parisuddhanti catutthampi te khāre datvā, udake vikkhāletvā aṃsuabbhantaragatampi nissesaṃ malaṃ pavāhetvā sāmikassa adāsi. So gandhakaraṇḍake pakkhipitvā icchiticchitakāle paridahati.</p>
    1754. 

  1754. <p class="bodytext">Tattha kiliṭṭhavatthaṃ viya kilesānugataṃ cittaṃ. Tividhakhāradānakālo viya tīsu anupassanāsu kammassa pavattanakālo. Udake vikkhāletvā oḷārikoḷārikamalappavāhanaṃ viya sotāpattimaggena pañcakilesakhepanaṃ. Dutiyampi tesaṃ khārānaṃ anuppadānaṃ viya ‘na tāva parisuddhaṃ idaṃ citta’nti tāsuyeva tīsu anupassanāsu kammappavattanaṃ. Tato nātisaṇhataramalappavāhanaṃ viya sakadāgāmimaggena oḷārikasaṃyojanadvayakhepanaṃ. Tato ‘na tāva parisuddhaṃ vattha’nti puna khārattayadānaṃ viya ‘na tāva parisuddhaṃ <a name="P0.0244"></a> idaṃ citta’nti tāsuyeva tīsu anupassanāsu kammappavattanaṃ. Tato saṇhataramalappavāhanaṃ viya anāgāmimaggena aṇusahagatasaṃyojanadvayakhepanaṃ. ‘Na tāva parisuddhaṃ vattha’nti puna khārattayadānaṃ viya ‘na tāva parisuddhaṃ idaṃ citta’nti tāsuyeva tīsu anupassanāsu kammappavattanaṃ. Tato vikkhālanena aṃsuabbhantaragate male pavāhetvā parisuddhassa rajatapaṭṭasadisassa gandhakaraṇḍake nikkhittassa vatthassa icchiticchitakkhaṇe paridahanaṃ viya arahattamaggena aṭṭhannaṃ kilesānaṃ khepitattā parisuddhassa khīṇāsavacittassa icchiticchitakkhaṇe phalasamāpattivihārena vītināmanaṃ. Idaṃ ‘aññe añño kilese pajahatī’ti ettha opammaṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
    1755. 

  1755. <p class="indent">‘‘Seyyathāpi<a name="V0.0285"></a>, āvuso, vatthaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ malaggahitaṃ, tamenaṃ sāmikā rajakassa anupadajjeyyuṃ. Tamenaṃ rajako ūse vā <a name="M0.0287"></a> khāre vā gomaye vā sammadditvā acche udake vikkhāleti. Kiñcāpi taṃ hoti vatthaṃ parisuddhaṃ pariyodātaṃ, atha khvassa hotiyeva ‘aṇusahagato ūsagandho vā khāragandho vā gomayagandho vā asamūhato’. Tamenaṃ rajako sāmikānaṃ deti. Tamenaṃ sāmikā gandhaparibhāvite karaṇḍake nikkhipanti. Yopissa hoti aṇusahagato ūsagandho vā khāragandho vā gomayagandho vā asamūhato, sopi samugghātaṃ gacchati. Evameva kho, āvuso, kiñcāpi ariyasāvakassa pañcorambhāgiyāni saṃyojanāni pahīnāni bhavanti, atha khvassa hotiyeva pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu aṇusahagato ‘asmī’ti māno, ‘asmī’ti chando, ‘asmī’ti anusayo asamūhato, so aparena samayena pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassī viharati – ‘iti rūpaṃ, iti rūpassa samudayo, iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo; iti vedanā iti saññā iti saṅkhārā iti viññāṇaṃ, iti viññāṇassa samudayo, iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo’ti. Tassimesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu udayabbayānupassino viharato yopissa hoti pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu aṇusahagato ‘asmī’ti māno, ‘asmī’ti chando, ‘asmī’ti anusayo asamūhato, sopi samugghātaṃ gacchatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.89).</p>
    1756. 

  1756. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P0.0245"></a> sotāpattimaggena pañca akusalacittāni pahīyanti saddhiṃ cittaṅgavasena uppajjanakapāpadhammehi. Sakadāgāmimaggena dve domanassasahagatacittāni tanukāni bhavanti saddhiṃ cittaṅgavasena uppajjanakapāpadhammehi. Anāgāmimaggena tāniyeva pahīyanti saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Arahattamaggena pañca akusalacittāni pahīyanti saddhiṃ cittaṅgavasena uppajjanakapāpadhammehi. Imesaṃ dvādasannaṃ akusalacittānaṃ pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya khīṇāsavassa cittaṅgavasena puna pacchatopavattanakakileso nāma na hoti.</p>
    1757. 

  1757. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ opammaṃ – eko kira mahārājā paccante ārakkhaṃ datvā mahānagare issariyaṃ anubhavanto vasati. Athassa paccanto kuppi. Tasmiṃ samaye dvādasa corajeṭṭhakā anekehi purisasahassehi saddhiṃ <a name="M0.0288"></a> raṭṭhaṃ vilumpanti. Paccantavāsino mahāmattā ‘paccanto kupito’ti rañño pahiṇiṃsu. Rājā ‘vissaṭṭhā gaṇhatha, ahaṃ tumhākaṃ kattabbaṃ karissāmī’ti sāsanaṃ pahiṇi<a name="V0.0286"></a>. Te paṭhamasampahāreneva anekehi purisasahassehi saddhiṃ pañca corajeṭṭhake ghātayiṃsu. Sesā satta janā attano attano parivāre gahetvā pabbataṃ pavisiṃsu. Amaccā taṃ pavattiṃ rañño pesayiṃsu.</p>
    1758. 

  1758. <p class="bodytext">Rājā ‘tumhākaṃ kattabbayuttaṃ ahaṃ jānissāmi, tepi gaṇhathā’ti dhanaṃ pahiṇi. Te dutiyasampahārena dve corajeṭṭhake pahariṃsu, parivārepi tesaṃ dubbale akaṃsu. Te sabbepi palāyitvā pabbataṃ pavisiṃsu. Tampi pavattiṃ amaccā rañño pesayiṃsu.</p>
    1759. 

  1759. <p class="bodytext">Puna rājā ‘vissaṭṭhā gaṇhantū’ti dhanaṃ pahiṇi. Te tatiyasampahārena saddhiṃ sahāyapurisehi dve corajeṭṭhake ghātayitvā taṃ pavattiṃ rañño pesayiṃsu.</p>
    1760. 

  1760. <p class="bodytext">Puna rājā ‘avasese vissaṭṭhā gaṇhantū’ti dhanaṃ pahiṇi. Te catutthasampahārena saparivāre pañca corajeṭṭhake ghātayiṃsu. Dvādasannaṃ corajeṭṭhakānaṃ ghātitakālato paṭṭhāya koci coro nāma natthi. Khemā janapadā ure putte naccentā maññe viharanti. Rājā vijitasaṅgāmehi yodhehi parivuto <a name="P0.0246"></a> varapāsādagato mahāsampattiṃ anubhavi.</p>
    1761. 

  1761. <p class="bodytext">Tattha mahanto rājā viya dhammarājā. Paccantavāsino amaccā viya yogāvacarā kulaputtā. Dvādasa corajeṭṭhakā viya dvādasa akusalacittāni. Tesaṃ sahāyā anekasahassapurisā viya cittaṅgavasena uppajjanakapāpadhammā. Rañño paccanto kupitoti pahitakālo viya ārammaṇe kilesesu uppannesu ‘bhante, kileso me uppanno’ti satthu ārocanakālo. ‘Vissaṭṭhā gaṇhantū’ti dhanadānaṃ viya ‘kilese niggaṇha bhikkhū’ti dhammarañño kammaṭṭhānācikkhanaṃ. Saparivārānaṃ pañcannaṃ corajeṭṭhakānaṃ ghātitakālo viya sotāpattimaggena sampayuttānaṃ pañcannaṃ akusalacittānaṃ pahānaṃ.</p>
    1762. 

  1762. <p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="M0.0289"></a> rañño pavattipesanaṃ viya sammāsambuddhassa paṭiladdhaguṇārocanaṃ. ‘Sesake ca gaṇhantū’ti puna dhanadānaṃ viya bhagavato sakadāgāmimaggassa vipassanācikkhanaṃ. Dutiyasampahārena saparivārānaṃ dvinnaṃ corajeṭṭhakānaṃ dubbalīkaraṇaṃ viya sakadāgāmimaggena sasampayuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ domanassacittānaṃ tanubhāvakaraṇaṃ.</p>
    1763. 

  1763. <p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="V0.0287"></a> rañño pavattipesanaṃ viya satthu paṭiladdhaguṇārocanaṃ. ‘Vissaṭṭhā gaṇhantū’ti puna dhanadānaṃ viya bhagavato anāgāmimaggassa vipassanācikkhanaṃ. Tatiyasampahārena saparivārānaṃ dvinnaṃ corajeṭṭhakānaṃ ghātanaṃ viya anāgāmimaggena sasampayuttānaṃ dvinnaṃ domanassacittānaṃ pahānaṃ.</p>
    1764. 

  1764. <p class="bodytext">Puna rañño pavattipesanaṃ viya tathāgatassa paṭiladdhaguṇārocanaṃ. ‘Vissaṭṭhā gaṇhantū’ti puna dhanadānaṃ viya bhagavato arahattamaggassa vipassanācikkhanaṃ. Catutthasampahārena saparivārānaṃ pañcannaṃ corajeṭṭhakānaṃ ghātitakālato paṭṭhāya janapadassa khemakālo viya arahattamaggena sasampayuttesu pañcasu akusalacittesu pahīnesu dvādasannaṃ akusalacittānaṃ pahīnakālato paṭṭhāya puna cittaṅgavasena uppajjanakassa akusaladhammassa abhāvo. Rañño vijitasaṅgāmassa amaccagaṇaparivutassa varapāsāde mahāsampattianubhavanaṃ viya khīṇāsavaparivutassa dhammarañño suññataanimittaappaṇihitabhedesu samāpattisukhesu <a name="P0.0247"></a> icchiticchitaphalasamāpattisukhānubhavanaṃ veditabbanti.</p>
    1765. 

  1765. <p class="centered">Kusalā dhammātipadassa vaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1766. 

  1766. <p class="title">Akusalapadaṃ</p>
    1767. 

  1767. <p class="title">Dhammuddesavārakathā</p>
    1768. 

  1768. <p class="subhead">Paṭhamacittaṃ</p>
    1769. 

  1769. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para365"></a><span class="paranum">365</span>. Idāni akusaladhammapadaṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katame dhammā akusalā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha dhammavavatthānādivārappabhedo ca heṭṭhā āgatānaṃ padānaṃ atthavinicchayo ca heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Tattha tattha pana visesamattameva vaṇṇayissāma. Tattha samayavavatthāne tāva yasmā, kusalassa viya, akusalassa bhūmibhedo natthi, tasmā ekantaṃ kāmāvacarampi samānaṃ etaṃ ‘kāmāvacara’nti na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhigatasampayutta</span>nti ettha diṭṭhi <a name="M0.0290"></a> eva diṭṭhigataṃ ‘gūthagataṃ <a name="V0.0288"></a> muttagata’ntiādīni (a. ni. 9.11) viya. Gantabbābhāvato vā diṭṭhiyā gatamattamevetantipi diṭṭhigataṃ. Tena sampayuttaṃ diṭṭhigatasampayuttaṃ.</p>
    1770. 

  1770. <p class="bodytext">Tattha asaddhammasavanaṃ, akalyāṇamittatā, ariyānaṃ adassanakāmatādīni ayoniso manasikāroti evamādīhi kāraṇehi imassa diṭṭhigatasaṅkhātassa micchādassanassa uppatti veditabbā. Ye hi ete diṭṭhivādapaṭisaṃyuttā asaddhammā tesaṃ bahumānapubbaṅgamena atikkantamajjhattena upaparikkhārahitena savanena, ye ca diṭṭhivipannā akalyāṇamittā taṃsampavaṅkatāsaṅkhātāya akalyāṇamittatāya, buddhādīnaṃ ariyānañceva sappurisānañca adassanakāmatāya catusatipaṭṭhānādibhede ariyadhamme akovidattena pātimokkhasaṃvaraindriyasaṃvarasatisaṃvarañāṇasaṃvarapahānasaṃvarappabhede ariyadhamme ceva sappurisadhamme ca saṃvarabhedasaṅkhātena avinayena teheva kāraṇehi paribhāvitena ayoniso manasikārena kotūhalamaṅgalādipasutatāya ca etaṃ uppajjatīti veditabbaṃ. Asaṅkhārabhāvo panassa cittassa heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo.</p>
    1771. 

  1771. <p class="bodytext">Dhammuddesavāre <a name="P0.0248"></a> <span class="bld">phasso</span>ti akusalacittasahajāto phasso. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo. Iti akusalamattameva etesaṃ purimehi viseso.</p>
    1772. 

  1772. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cittassekaggatā hotī</span>ti pāṇātipātādīsupi avikkhittabhāvena cittassa ekaggatā hoti. Manussā hi cittaṃ samādahitvā avikkhittā hutvā avirajjhamānāni satthāni pāṇasarīresu nipātenti, susamāhitā paresaṃ santakaṃ haranti, ekarasena cittena micchācāraṃ āpajjanti. Evaṃ akusalappavattiyampi cittassa ekaggatā hoti.</p>
    1773. 

  1773. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhī</span>ti ayāthāvadiṭṭhi, virajjhitvā gahaṇato vā vitathā diṭṭhi micchādiṭṭhi. Anatthāvahattā paṇḍitehi jigucchitā diṭṭhītipi micchādiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. Apica micchā passanti tāya, sayaṃ vā micchā passati, micchādassanamattameva vā esāti micchādiṭṭhi. Sā ayoniso abhinivesalakkhaṇā, parāmāsarasā, micchābhinivesapaccupaṭṭhānā, ariyānaṃ adassanakāmatādipadaṭṭhānā; paramaṃ vajjanti daṭṭhabbā. Micchāsaṅkappādīsu <a name="M0.0291"></a> ‘micchā’ti padamattameva viseso. Sesaṃ kusalādhikāre vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1774. 

  1774. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahirikabalaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0289"></a> <span class="bld">anottappabala</span>nti ettha balattho niddesavāre āvi bhavissati. Itaresu pana – na hiriyatīti ahiriko. Ahirikassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ahirikaṃ</span>. Na ottappaṃ <span class="bld">anottappaṃ</span>. Tesu ahirikaṃ kāyaduccaritādīhi ajigucchanalakkhaṇaṃ, alajjālakkhaṇaṃ vā. Anottappaṃ teheva asārajjanalakkhaṇaṃ anuttāsanalakkhaṇaṃ vā. Ahirikameva balaṃ ahirikabalaṃ. Anottappameva balaṃ anottappabalaṃ. Ayamettha saṅkhepattho. Vitthāro pana heṭṭhā vuttapaṭipakkhavasena veditabbo.</p>
    1775. 

  1775. <p class="bodytext">Lubbhanti tena, sayaṃ vā lubbhati, lubbhanamattameva <a name="P0.0249"></a> vā tanti <span class="bld">lobho</span>. Muyhanti tena, sayaṃ vā muyhati, muyhanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">moho</span>. Tesu lobho ārammaṇaggahaṇalakkhaṇo makkaṭālepo viya, abhisaṅgaraso tattakapāle khittamaṃsapesi viya, apariccāgapaccupaṭṭhāno telañjanarāgo viya, saṃyojaniyadhammesu assādadassanapadaṭṭhāno. So taṇhānadībhāvena vaḍḍhamāno, sīghasotā nadī viya mahāsamuddaṃ, apāyameva gahetvā gacchatīti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1776. 

  1776. <p class="bodytext">Moho cittassa andhabhāvalakkhaṇo aññāṇalakkhaṇo vā, asampaṭivedharaso ārammaṇasabhāvacchādanaraso vā, asammāpaṭipattipaccupaṭṭhāno andhakārapaccupaṭṭhāno vā, ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhāno. Sabbākusalānaṃ mūlanti daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1777. 

  1777. <p class="bodytext">Abhijjhāyanti tāya, sayaṃ vā abhijjhāyati, abhijjhāyanamattameva vā esāti <span class="bld">abhijjhā</span>. Sā parasampattīnaṃ sakakaraṇaicchālakkhaṇā, tenākārena esanabhāvarasā, parasampatti-abhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, parasampattīsu abhiratipadaṭṭhānā. Parasampattiabhimukhā eva hi sā upaṭṭhahati. Tāsu ca abhiratiyā sati pavattati, parasampattīsu cetaso hatthappasāroviyāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1778. 

  1778. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samatho hotī</span>tiādīsu aññesu kiccesu vikkhepasamanato <span class="bld">samatho</span>. Akusalappavattiyaṃ cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">paggāho</span>. Na vikkhipatīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>.</p>
    1779. 

  1779. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="M0.0292"></a> citte saddhā, sati, paññā, cha yugaḷakānīti ime dhammā na gahitā. Kasmā? Assaddhiyacitte pasādo nāma natthi. Tasmā tāva saddhā na gahitā. Kiṃ pana diṭṭhigatikā <a name="V0.0290"></a> attano attano satthārānaṃ na saddahantīti? Saddahanti. Sā pana saddhā nāma na hoti, vacanasampaṭicchanamattamevetaṃ. Atthato anupaparikkhā vā <a name="P0.0250"></a> hoti, diṭṭhi vā. Asatiyacitte pana sati natthīti na gahitā. Kiṃ diṭṭhigatikā attanā katakammaṃ na sarantīti? Saranti. Sā pana sati nāma na hoti. Kevalaṃ tenākārena akusalacittappavatti. Tasmā sati na gahitā. Atha kasmā ‘‘micchāsatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.333; saṃ. ni. 5.1) suttante vuttā? Sā pana akusalakkhandhānaṃ sativirahitattā satipaṭipakkhattā ca micchāmaggamicchattānaṃ pūraṇatthaṃ tattha pariyāyena desanā katā. Nippariyāyena panesā natthi. Tasmā na gahitā. Andhabālacitte pana paññā natthīti na gahitā. Kiṃ diṭṭhigatikānaṃ vañcanāpaññā natthīti? Atthi. Na panesā paññā, māyā nāmesā hoti. Sā atthato taṇhāva. Idaṃ pana cittaṃ sadarathaṃ garukaṃ bhāriyaṃ kakkhaḷaṃ thaddhaṃ akammaññaṃ gilānaṃ vaṅkaṃ kuṭilaṃ. Tasmā passaddhādīni cha yugaḷakāni na gahitāni.</p>
    1780. 

  1780. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā padapaṭipāṭiyā cittaṅgavasena pāḷiāruḷhāni dvattiṃsa padāni dassetvā idāni yevāpanakadhamme dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye</span>tiādimāha. Tattha sabbesupi akusalacittesu chando adhimokkho manasikāro māno issā macchariyaṃ thinaṃ middhaṃ uddhaccaṃ kukkuccanti ime daseva yevāpanakā honti dhammā, suttāgatā, suttapadesu dissareti vuttā. Imasmiṃ pana citte chando adhimokkho manasikāro uddhaccanti ime apaṇṇakaṅgasaṅkhātā cattārova yevāpanakā honti.</p>
    1781. 

  1781. <p class="bodytext">Tattha chandādayo heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Kevalañhi te kusalā, ime akusalā. Itaraṃ pana uddhatassa bhāvo ‘uddhaccaṃ’. Taṃ cetaso avūpasamalakkhaṇaṃ vātābhighātacalajalaṃ viya, anavaṭṭhānarasaṃ vātābhighātacaladhajapaṭākā viya, bhantattapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ pāsāṇābhighātasamuddhatabhasmā viya, cetaso avūpasame ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Cittavikkhepoti daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
    1782. 

  1782. <p class="bodytext">Iti phassādīni dvattiṃsa, yevāpanakavasena vuttāni cattārīti sabbānipi <a name="P0.0251"></a> imasmiṃ dhammuddesavāre chattiṃsa dhammapadāni bhavanti. Cattāri apaṇṇakaṅgāni hāpetvā <a name="M0.0293"></a> pāḷiyaṃ āgatāni dvattiṃsameva. Aggahitaggahaṇena panettha phassapañcakaṃ, vitakko vicāro pīti cittassekaggatā <a name="V0.0291"></a> vīriyindriyaṃ jīvitindriyaṃ micchādiṭṭhi ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ lobho mohoti soḷasa dhammā honti.</p>
    1783. 

  1783. <p class="bodytext">Tesu soḷasasu satta dhammā avibhattikā nava savibhattikā honti. Katame satta? Phasso saññā cetanā vicāro pīti jīvitindriyaṃ mohoti ime satta avibhattikā. Vedanā cittaṃ vitakko cittassekaggatā vīriyindriyaṃ micchādiṭṭhi ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ lobhoti ime nava savibhattikā.</p>
    1784. 

  1784. <p class="bodytext">Tesu cha dhammā dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā, eko tīsu, eko catūsu, eko chasu. Kathaṃ? Cittaṃ vitakko micchādiṭṭhi ahirikaṃ anottappaṃ lobhoti ime cha dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā. Tesu hi cittaṃ tāva phassapañcakaṃ patvā cittaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, indriyāni patvā manindriyanti. Vitakko jhānaṅgāni patvā vitakko hotīti vutto, maggaṅgāni patvā micchāsaṅkappoti. Micchādiṭṭhi maggaṅgesupi kammapathesupi micchādiṭṭhiyeva. Ahirikaṃ balāni patvā ahirikabalaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, lokanāsakadukaṃ patvā ahirikanti. Anottappepi eseva nayo. Lobho mūlaṃ patvā lobho hotīti vutto. Kammapathaṃ patvā abhijjhāti. Ime cha dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattā.</p>
    1785. 

  1785. <p class="bodytext">Vedanā pana phassapañcakaṃ patvā vedanā hotīti vuttā, jhānaṅgāni patvā sukhanti, indriyāni patvā somanassindriyanti. Evaṃ ekova dhammo tīsu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1786. 

  1786. <p class="bodytext">Vīriyaṃ pana indriyāni patvā vīriyindriyaṃ hotīti vuttaṃ, maggaṅgāni patvā micchāvāyāmo hotīti, balāni patvā vīriyabalanti, piṭṭhidukaṃ patvā paggāho hotīti. Evaṃ ayaṃ eko dhammo catūsu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1787. 

  1787. <p class="bodytext">Samādhi pana jhānaṅgāni patvā cittassekaggatā hotīti vutto, indriyāni patvā samādhindriyanti, maggaṅgāni patvā micchāsamādhīti, balāni patvā samādhibalanti, piṭṭhidukaṃ patvā dutiyaduke <a name="P0.0252"></a> ekakavaseneva samathoti<a name="M0.0294"></a>, tatiye avikkhepoti. Evamayaṃ eko dhammo chasu ṭhānesu vibhatto.</p>
    1788. 

  1788. <p class="bodytext">Sabbepi <a name="V0.0292"></a> panete dhammā phassapañcakavasena jhānaṅgavasena indriyavasena maggaṅgavasena balavasena mūlavasena kammapathavasena lokanāsakavasena piṭṭhidukavasenāti nava rāsayo honti. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ taṃ paṭhamakusalacittaniddese vuttamevāti.</p>
    1789. 

  1789. <p class="centered">Dhammuddesavārakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1790. 

  1790. <p class="title">Niddesavārakathā</p>
    1791. 

  1791. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para375"></a><span class="paranum">375</span>. Niddesavāre cittassekaggatāniddese tāva <span class="bld">saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhitī</span>ti. Idaṃ dvayaṃ ṭhitivevacanameva. Yaṃ pana kusalaniddese ‘ārammaṇaṃ ogāhetvā anupavisitvā tiṭṭhatīti avaṭṭhitī’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ idha na labbhati. Akusalasmiñhi dubbalā cittassekaggatāti heṭṭhā dīpitameva.</p>
    1792. 

  1792. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para384"></a><span class="paranum">384</span>. Uddhaccavicikicchāvasena pavattassa visāhārassa paṭipakkhato avisāhāroti evarūpopi attho idha na labbhati. Sahajātadhamme pana na visāharatīti <span class="bld">avisāhāro</span>. Na vikkhipatīti <span class="bld">avikkhepo</span>. Akusalacittekaggatāvasena avisāhaṭassa mānasassa bhāvo <span class="bld">avisāhaṭamānasatā</span>. Sahajātadhammesu na kampatīti <span class="bld">samādhibalaṃ</span>. Ayāthāvasamādhānato <span class="bld">micchāsamādhī</span>ti evamidha attho daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1793. 

  1793. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. Vīriyindriyaniddese yo heṭṭhā ‘nikkamo ceso kāmānaṃ panudanāyā’tiādi nayo vutto, so idha na labbhati. Sahajātadhammesu akampanaṭṭheneva <span class="bld">vīriyabalaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1794. 

  1794. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para386"></a><span class="paranum">386</span>. Micchādiṭṭhiniddese ayāthāvadassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">micchādiṭṭhi</span>. Diṭṭhīsu gataṃ idaṃ dassanaṃ, dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhiantogatattāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhigataṃ</span>. Heṭṭhāpissa attho vuttoyeva. Diṭṭhiyeva duratikkamanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhigahanaṃ,</span> tiṇagahanavanagahanapabbatagahanāni viya. Diṭṭhiyeva sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayaṭṭhena <span class="bld">diṭṭhikantāro</span><a name="M0.0295"></a>, corakantāravāḷakantāramarukantāranirudakakantāradubbhikkhakantārā <a name="P0.0253"></a> viya. Sammādiṭṭhiyā <a name="V0.0293"></a> vinivijjhanaṭṭhena vilomanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">diṭṭhivisūkāyikaṃ</span>. Micchādassanañhi uppajjamānaṃ sammādassanaṃ vinivijjhati ceva vilometi ca. Kadāci sassatassa kadāci ucchedassa gahaṇato diṭṭhiyā virūpaṃ phanditanti <span class="bld">diṭṭhivipphanditaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhigatiko hi ekasmiṃ patiṭṭhātuṃ na sakkoti, kadāci sassataṃ anupatati kadāci ucchedaṃ. Diṭṭhiyeva bandhanaṭṭhena saṃyojananti diṭṭhisaṃyojanaṃ.</p>
    1795. 

  1795. <p class="bodytext">Susumārādayo viya purisaṃ, ārammaṇaṃ daḷhaṃ gaṇhātīti <span class="bld">gāho</span>. Patiṭṭhahanato <span class="bld">patiṭṭhāho</span>. Ayañhi balavappavattibhāvena patiṭṭhahitvā gaṇhāti. Niccādivasena abhinivisatīti <span class="bld">abhiniveso</span>. Dhammasabhāvaṃ atikkamitvā niccādivasena parato āmasatīti <span class="bld">parāmāso</span>. Anatthāvahattā kucchito maggo, kucchitānaṃ vā apāyānaṃ maggoti <span class="bld">kummaggo</span>. Ayāthāvapathato <span class="bld">micchāpatho</span>. Yathā hi disāmūḷhena ayaṃ asukagāmassa nāma pathoti gahitopi taṃ gāmaṃ na sampāpeti, evaṃ diṭṭhigatikena sugatipathoti gahitāpi diṭṭhi sugatiṃ na pāpetīti ayāthāvapathato, micchāpatho. Micchāsabhāvato <span class="bld">micchattaṃ</span>. Tattheva paribbhamanato taranti ettha bālāti titthaṃ. Titthañca taṃ anatthānañca āyatananti <span class="bld">titthāyatanaṃ</span>. Titthiyānaṃ vā sañjātidesaṭṭhena nivāsaṭhānaṭṭhena ca āyatanantipi titthāyatanaṃ. Vipariyesabhūto gāho, vipariyesato vā gāhoti <span class="bld">vipariyesaggāho;</span> vipallattha gāhoti attho.</p>
    1796. 

  1796. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para387-388"></a><span class="paranum">387-388</span>. Ahirikānottappaniddesesu hirottappaniddesavipariyāyena attho veditabbo. Sahajātadhammesu pana akampanaṭṭheneva ahirikabalaṃ anottappabalañca veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1797. 

  1797. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para389"></a><span class="paranum">389</span>. Lobhamohaniddesesu lubbhatīti <span class="bld">lobho. Lubbhanā</span>ti lubbhanākāro. Lobhasampayuttacittaṃ, puggalo vā lubbhito; lubbhitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">lubbhitattaṃ</span>. Sārajjatīti <span class="bld">sārāgo</span>. Sārajjanākāro <span class="bld">sārajjanā</span>. Sārajjitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sārajjitattaṃ</span>. Abhijjhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">abhijjhā</span><a name="M0.0296"></a>. Puna ‘lobha’-vacane kāraṇaṃ <a name="P0.0254"></a> vuttameva. Akusalañca taṃ mūlañca akusalānaṃ vā mūlanti <span class="bld">akusalamūlaṃ</span>.</p>
    1798. 

  1798. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para390"></a><span class="paranum">390</span>. Ñāṇadassanapaṭipakkhato <span class="bld">aññāṇaṃ adassanaṃ</span>. Abhimukho hutvā dhammena na sameti, na samāgacchatīti <span class="bld">anabhisamayo</span>. Anurūpato dhamme bujjhatīti anubodho. Tappaṭipakkhatāya <a name="V0.0294"></a> <span class="bld">ananubodho</span>. Aniccādīhi saddhiṃ yojetvā na bujjhatīti <span class="bld">asambodho</span>. Asantaṃ asamañca bujjhatītipi asambodho. Catusaccadhammaṃ nappaṭivijjhatīti <span class="bld">appaṭivedho</span>. Rūpādīsu ekadhammampi aniccādisāmaññato na saṅgaṇhātīti <span class="bld">asaṃgāhanā</span>. Tameva dhammaṃ na pariyogāhatīti <span class="bld">apariyogāhanā</span>. Na samaṃ pekkhatīti <span class="bld">asamapekkhaṇā</span>. Dhammānaṃ sabhāvaṃ pati na apekkhatīti <span class="bld">apaccavekkhaṇā</span>.</p>
    1799. 

  1799. <p class="bodytext">Kusalākusalakammesu viparītavuttiyā sabhāvaggahaṇābhāvena vā ekampi kammaṃ etassa paccakkhaṃ natthi, sayaṃ vā kassaci kammassa paccakkhakaraṇaṃ nāma na hotīti <span class="bld">appaccakkhakammaṃ</span>. Yaṃ etasmiṃ anuppajjamāne cittasantānaṃ mejjhaṃ bhaveyya, suci, vodānaṃ, taṃ duṭṭhaṃ mejjhaṃ imināti <span class="bld">dummejjhaṃ</span>. Bālānaṃ bhāvoti <span class="bld">bālyaṃ</span>. Muyhatīti <span class="bld">moho</span>. Balavataro moho <span class="bld">pamoho</span>. Samantato muyhatīti <span class="bld">sammoho</span>. Vijjāya paṭipakkhabhāvato na vijjāti <span class="bld">avijjā. Oghayoga</span>ttho vuttoyeva. Thāmagataṭṭhena anusetīti <span class="bld">anusayo</span>. Cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhāti, abhibhavatīti <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṃ</span>. Hitaggahaṇābhāvena hitābhimukhaṃ gantuṃ na sakkoti, aññadatthu laṅgatiyevāti <span class="bld">laṅgī;</span> khañjatīti attho. Durugghāṭanaṭṭhena vā laṅgī. Yathā hi mahāpalighasaṅkhātā laṅgī durugghāṭā hoti, evamayampi laṅgī viyāti laṅgī. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva. Saṅgahavārasuññatavārāpi <a name="P0.0255"></a> heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva atthato veditabbāti.</p>
    1800. 

  1800. <p class="subhead">Dutiyacittaṃ</p>
    1801. 

  1801. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. Dutiyacitte <span class="bld">sasaṅkhārenā</span>ti padaṃ visesaṃ. Tampi heṭṭhā vuttatthameva. Idaṃ pana cittaṃ kiñcāpi chasu ārammaṇesu somanassitassa lobhaṃ uppādetvā ‘satto satto’tiādinā nayena parāmasantassa uppajjati, tathāpi sasaṅkhārikattā sappayogena saupāyena uppajjanato – yadā <a name="M0.0297"></a> kulaputto micchādiṭṭhikassa kulassa kumārikaṃ pattheti. Te ca ‘aññadiṭṭhikā tumhe’ti kumārikaṃ na denti. Athaññe ñātakā ‘yaṃ tumhe karotha tamevāyaṃ karissatī’ti dāpenti. So tehi saddhiṃ titthiye upasaṅkamati. Āditova vematiko hoti. Gacchante gacchante kāle etesaṃ kiriyā manāpāti laddhiṃ roceti, diṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāti – evarūpe kāle idaṃ labbhatīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1802. 

  1802. <p class="bodytext">Yevāpanakesu <a name="V0.0295"></a> panettha thinamiddhaṃ adhikaṃ. Tattha thinanatā ‘thinaṃ’. Middhanatā ‘middhaṃ’; anussāhasaṃhananatā asattivighāto cāti attho. Thinañca middhañca <span class="bld">thinamiddhaṃ</span>. Tattha thinaṃ anussāhalakkhaṇaṃ, vīriyavinodanarasaṃ, saṃsīdanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Middhaṃ akammaññatālakkhaṇaṃ, onahanarasaṃ, līnabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ pacalāyikāniddāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā. Ubhayampi aratitandīvijambhitādīsu ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānanti.</p>
    1803. 

  1803. <p class="subhead">Tatiyacittaṃ</p>
    1804. 

  1804. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para400"></a><span class="paranum">400</span>. Tatiyaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu somanassitassa lobhaṃ uppādetvā ‘satto satto’tiādinā nayena aparāmasantassa nārāyaṇavirājanamallayuddhanaṭasamajjādīni passato manāpiyasaddasavanādipasutassa <a name="P0.0256"></a> vā uppajjati. Idha mānena saddhiṃ pañca apaṇṇakaṅgāni honti. Tattha maññatīti <span class="bld">‘māno’</span>. So unnatilakkhaṇo, sampaggaharaso, ketukamyatāpaccupaṭṭhāno, diṭṭhivippayuttalobhapadaṭṭhāno, ummādo viya daṭṭhabboti.</p>
    1805. 

  1805. <p class="subhead">Catutthacittaṃ</p>
    1806. 

  1806. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. Catutthaṃ vuttappakāresu eva ṭhānesu yadā sīse kheḷaṃ khipanti, pādapaṃsuṃ okiranti, tadā tassa pariharaṇatthaṃ saussāhena antarantarā olokentānaṃ rājanāṭakesu nikkhantesu ussāraṇāya vattamānāya tena tena chiddena olokentānañcāti evamādīsu ṭhānesu uppajjati. Idha <a name="M0.0298"></a> pana thinamiddhehi saddhiṃ satta yevāpanakā honti. Ubhayatthāpi micchādiṭṭhi parihāyati. Taṃ ṭhapetvā sesānaṃ vasena dhammagaṇanā veditabbāti.</p>
    1807. 

  1807. <p class="subhead">Pañcamacittaṃ</p>
    1808. 

  1808. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para403"></a><span class="paranum">403</span>. Pañcamaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu vedanāvasena majjhattassa lobhaṃ uppādetvā ‘satto satto’tiādinā nayena parāmasantassa uppajjati. Somanassaṭṭhāne panettha upekkhāvedanā hoti, pītipadaṃ parihāyati. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ paṭhamacittasadisameva.</p>
    1809. 

  1809. <p class="subhead">Chaṭṭhacittādi</p>
    1810. 

  1810. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para409-412"></a><span class="paranum">409-412</span>. Chaṭṭhasattamaṭṭhamānipi <a name="V0.0296"></a> vedanaṃ parivattetvā pītipadañca hāpetvā dutiyatatiyacatutthesu vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Imesu aṭṭhasu lobhasahagatacittesu sahajātādhipati ārammaṇādhipatīti dvepi adhipatayo labbhanti.</p>
    1811. 

  1811. <p class="subhead">Navamacittaṃ</p>
    1812. 

  1812. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. Navamaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu domanassitassa paṭighaṃ uppādayato uppajjati. Tassa samayavavatthānavāre tāva duṭṭhu mano, hīnavedanattā vā kucchitaṃ manoti dummano; dummanassa bhāvo domanassaṃ. Tena sahagatanti <span class="bld">domanassasahagataṃ</span>. Asampiyāyanabhāvena ārammaṇasmiṃ paṭihaññatīti paṭighaṃ. Tena sampayuttanti <span class="bld">paṭighasampayuttaṃ</span>.</p>
    1813. 

  1813. <p class="bodytext">Dhammuddese <a name="P0.0257"></a> tīsupi ṭhānesu domanassavedanāva āgatā. Tattha vedanāpadaṃ vuttameva. Tathā dukkhadomanassapadāni lakkhaṇādito pana aniṭṭhārammaṇānubhavanalakkhaṇaṃ domanassaṃ, yathātathā vā aniṭṭhākārasambhogarasaṃ, cetasikābādhapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, ekanteneva hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
    1814. 

  1814. <p class="bodytext">Mūlakammapathesu yathā purimacittesu lobho hoti, abhijjhā hotīti āgataṃ, evaṃ doso hoti, byāpādo hotīti vuttaṃ. Tattha dussanti tena, sayaṃ vā dussati, dussanamattameva vā tanti <span class="bld">doso</span> <a name="M0.0299"></a> so caṇḍikkalakkhaṇo pahaṭāsiviso viya, visappanaraso visanipāto viya, attano nissayadahanaraso vā dāvaggi viya, dussanapaccupaṭṭhāno laddhokāso viya sapatto, āghātavatthupadaṭṭhāno visasaṃsaṭṭhapūtimuttaṃ viya daṭṭhabbo.</p>
    1815. 

  1815. <p class="bodytext">Byāpajjati tena cittaṃ, pūtibhāvaṃ upagacchati, byāpādayati vā vinayācārarūpasampattihitasukhādīnīti <span class="bld">byāpādo</span>. Atthato panesa dosoyeva. Idha padapaṭipāṭiyā ekūnatiṃsa padāni honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena cuddasa. Tesaṃ vasena savibhattikāvibhattikarāsibhedo veditabbo.</p>
    1816. 

  1816. <p class="bodytext">Yevāpanakesu chandādhimokkhamanasikārauddhaccāni niyatāni. Issāmacchariyakukkuccesu pana <a name="V0.0297"></a> aññatarena saddhiṃ pañca pañca hutvāpi uppajjanti. Evamepi tayo dhammā aniyatayevāpanakā nāma. Tesu issatīti <span class="bld">‘issā’</span>. Sā parasampattīnaṃ usūyanalakkhaṇā, tattheva anabhiratirasā, tato vimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, parasampattipadaṭṭhānā. Saṃyojananti daṭṭhabbā. Maccherabhāvo <span class="bld">‘macchariyaṃ’</span>. Taṃ laddhānaṃ vā labhitabbānaṃ vā attano sampattīnaṃ nigūhanalakkhaṇaṃ, tāsaṃyeva parehi sādhāraṇabhāvaakkhamanarasaṃ, saṅkocanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ <a name="P0.0258"></a> kaṭukañcukatāpaccupaṭṭhānaṃ vā, attasampattipadaṭṭhānaṃ. Cetaso virūpabhāvoti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Kucchitaṃ kataṃ kukataṃ. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">‘kukkuccaṃ’</span>. Taṃ pacchānutāpalakkhaṇaṃ, katākatānusocanarasaṃ, vippaṭisārapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, katākatapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Dāsabyaṃ viya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva uddesavāre viseso.</p>
    1817. 

  1817. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. Niddesavāre vedanāniddese <span class="bld">asātaṃ</span> sātapaṭipakkhavasena veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1818. 

  1818. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para418"></a><span class="paranum">418</span>. Dosaniddese dussatīti <span class="bld">doso. Dussanā</span>ti dussanākāro. <span class="bld">Dussitatta</span>nti dussitabhāvo. Pakatibhāvavijahanaṭṭhena byāpajjanaṃ <span class="bld">byāpatti. Byāpajjanā</span>ti byāpajjanākāro. Virujjhatīti <span class="bld">virodho</span>. Punappunaṃ virujjhatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirodho</span>. Viruddhākārapaṭiviruddhākāravasena vā idaṃ vuttaṃ. Caṇḍiko vuccati caṇḍo, thaddhapuggalo; tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">caṇḍikkaṃ</span>. Na etena suropitaṃ vacanaṃ hoti, duruttaṃ aparipuṇṇameva hotīti <span class="bld">asuropo</span>. Kuddhakāle hi paripuṇṇavacanaṃ nāma natthi. Sacepi kassaci hoti taṃ appamāṇaṃ. Apare <a name="M0.0300"></a> pana assujananaṭṭhena assuropanato assuropoti vadanti. Taṃ akāraṇaṃ, somanassassāpi assujananato. Heṭṭhā vuttaattamanatāpaṭipakkhato na attamanatāti <span class="bld">anattamanatā</span>. Sā pana yasmā cittasseva, na sattassa, tasmā <span class="bld">cittassā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Sesamettha saṅgahasuññatavāresu ca heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.</p>
    1819. 

  1819. <p class="subhead">Dasamacittaṃ</p>
    1820. 

  1820. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para421"></a><span class="paranum">421</span>. Dasamaṃ sasaṅkhārattā parehi ussāhitassa vā, paresaṃ vā aparādhaṃ sāritassa, sayameva vā paresaṃ aparādhaṃ anussaritvā kujjhamānassa uppajjati.</p>
    1821. 

  1821. <p class="bodytext">Idhāpi padapaṭipāṭiyā ekūnatiṃsa, aggahitaggahaṇena ca cuddaseva padāni honti. Yevāpanakesu <a name="V0.0298"></a> pana thinamiddhampi labbhati. Tasmā ettha vinā issāmacchariyakukkuccehi cattāri apaṇṇakaṅgāni thinamiddhanti ime cha issādīnaṃ uppattikāle tesu aññatarena saddhiṃ satta yevāpanakā ekakkhaṇe uppajjanti. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ sabbavāresu navamasadisameva. Imesu pana dvīsu domanassacittesu sahajātādhipatiyeva <a name="P0.0259"></a> labbhati, na ārammaṇādhipati. Na hi kuddho kiñci garuṃ karotīti.</p>
    1822. 

  1822. <p class="subhead">Ekādasamacittaṃ</p>
    1823. 

  1823. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. Ekādasamaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu vedanāvasena majjhattassa kaṅkhāpavattikāle uppajjati. Tassa samayavavatthāne <span class="bld">vicikicchāsampayutta</span>nti padaṃ apubbaṃ. Tassattho – vicikicchāya sampayuttanti <span class="bld">vicikicchāsampayuttaṃ</span>. Dhammuddese <span class="bld">‘vicikicchā hotī’</span>ti padameva viseso. Tattha vigatā cikicchāti <span class="bld">vicikicchā</span>. Sabhāvaṃ vā vicinanto etāya kicchati kilamatīti vicikicchā. Sā saṃsayalakkhaṇā, kampanarasā, anicchayapaccupaṭṭhānā anekaṃsagāhapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, ayonisomanasikārapadaṭṭhānā. Paṭipattiantarāyakarāti daṭṭhabbā.</p>
    1824. 

  1824. <p class="bodytext">Idha padapaṭipāṭiyā tevīsati padāni honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena cuddasa. Tesaṃ vasena savibhattikāvibhattikarāsivinicchayo veditabbo. Manasikāro uddhaccanti dveyeva yevāpanakā.</p>
    1825. 

  1825. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para424"></a><span class="paranum">424</span>. Niddesavārassa <a name="M0.0301"></a> cittassekaggatāniddese yasmā idaṃ dubbalaṃ cittaṃ pavattiṭṭhitimattakamevettha hoti, tasmā ‘saṇṭhitī’tiādīni avatvā <span class="bld">cittassa ‘ṭhitī’</span>ti ekameva padaṃ vuttaṃ. Teneva ca kāraṇena uddesavārepi ‘samādhindriya’ntiādi na vuttaṃ.</p>
    1826. 

  1826. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para425"></a><span class="paranum">425</span>. Vicikicchāniddese kaṅkhanavasena <span class="bld">kaṅkhā</span>. Kaṅkhāya āyanāti <span class="bld">kaṅkhāyanā</span>. Purimakaṅkhā hi uttarakaṅkhaṃ āneti nāma. Ākāravasena vā etaṃ vuttaṃ. Kaṅkhāsamaṅgicittaṃ kaṅkhāya āyitattā kaṅkhāyitaṃ nāma. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kaṅkhāyitattaṃ. Vimatī</span>ti namati. <span class="bld">Vicikicchā</span> vuttatthā eva. Kampanaṭṭhena dvidhā eḷayatīti <span class="bld">dveḷhakaṃ</span>. Paṭipattinivāraṇena dvidhāpatho viyāti <span class="bld">dvedhāpatho</span>. ‘Niccaṃ nu kho idaṃ, aniccaṃ nu kho’tiādipavattiyā ekasmiṃ ākāre saṇṭhātuṃ asamatthatāya samantato <a name="P0.0260"></a> setīti <span class="bld">saṃsayo</span>. Ekaṃsaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthatāya na ekaṃsaggāhoti <span class="bld">anekaṃsaggāho</span><a name="V0.0299"></a>. Nicchetuṃ asakkontī ārammaṇato osakkatīti <span class="bld">āsappanā</span>. Ogāhituṃ asakkontī parisamantato sappatīti <span class="bld">parisappanā</span>. Pariyogāhituṃ asamatthatāya <span class="bld">apariyogāhanā</span>. Nicchayavasena ārammaṇe pavattituṃ asamatthatāya <span class="bld">thambhitattaṃ;</span> cittassa thaddhabhāvoti attho. Vicikicchā hi uppajjitvā cittaṃ thaddhaṃ karoti. Yasmā panesā uppajjamānā ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā manaṃ vilikhantī viya, tasmā <span class="bld">manovilekho</span>ti vuttā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthameva.</p>
    1827. 

  1827. <p class="subhead">Dvādasamacittaṃ</p>
    1828. 

  1828. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para427"></a><span class="paranum">427</span>. Dvādasamassa samayavavatthāne uddhaccena sampayuttanti <span class="bld">uddhaccasampayuttaṃ</span>. Idañhi cittaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu vedanāvasena majjhattaṃ hutvā uddhataṃ hoti. Idha dhammuddese ‘vicikicchā’-ṭhāne ‘uddhaccaṃ hotī’ti āgataṃ. Padapaṭipāṭiyā aṭṭhavīsati padāni honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena cuddasa. Tesaṃ vasena savibhattikāvibhattikarāsividhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Adhimokkho manasikāroti dveyeva yevāpanakā.</p>
    1829. 

  1829. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. Niddesavārassa uddhaccaniddese <span class="bld">cittassā</span>ti na sattassa, na posassa. <span class="bld">Uddhacca</span>nti uddhatākāro. Na vūpasamoti <span class="bld">avūpasamo</span>. Ceto vikkhipatīti <a name="M0.0302"></a> <span class="bld">cetasovikkhepo. Bhantattaṃ cittassā</span>ti cittassa bhantabhāvo, bhantayānabhantagoṇādīni viya. Iminā ekārammaṇasmiṃyeva vipphandanaṃ kathitaṃ. Uddhaccañhi ekārammaṇe vipphandati, vicikicchā nānārammaṇe. Sesaṃ sabbavāresu heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1830. 

  1830. <p class="bodytext">Idāni imasmiṃ cittadvaye pakiṇṇakavinicchayo hoti. ‘Ārammaṇe pavaṭṭanakacittāni nāma katī’ti? Hi vutte ‘imāneva dve’ti vattabbaṃ. Tattha vicikicchāsahagataṃ <a name="P0.0261"></a> ekantena pavaṭṭati, uddhaccasahagataṃ pana laddhādhimokkhattā laddhapatiṭṭhaṃ pavaṭṭati. Yathā hi vaṭṭacaturassesu dvīsu maṇīsu pabbhāraṭṭhāne pavaṭṭetvā vissaṭṭhesu vaṭṭamaṇi ekanteneva pavaṭṭati, caturasso patiṭṭhāya patiṭṭhāya pavaṭṭati, evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sabbesupi hīnādibhedo na uddhaṭo, sabbesaṃ ekantahīnattā. Sahajātādhipati labbhamānopi na uddhaṭo, heṭṭhā dassitanayattā. Ñāṇābhāvato panettha vīmaṃsādhipati nāma natthi. Pacchimadvaye sesopi natthi eva. Kasmā? Kañci dhammaṃ dhuraṃ katvā anuppajjanato, paṭṭhāne ca paṭisiddhato.</p>
    1831. 

  1831. <p class="bodytext">Imehi <a name="V0.0300"></a> pana dvādasahipi akusalacittehi kamme āyūhite, ṭhapetvā uddhaccasahagataṃ, sesāni ekādaseva paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhanti. Vicikicchāsahagate aladdhādhimokkhe dubbalepi paṭisandhiṃ ākaḍḍhamāne uddhaccasahagataṃ laddhādhimokkhaṃ balavaṃ kasmā nākaḍḍhatīti? Dassanena pahātabbābhāvato. Yadi hi ākaḍḍheyya ‘dassanenapahātabba’-padavibhaṅge āgaccheyya, tasmā, ṭhapetvā taṃ, sesāni ekādasa ākaḍḍhanti. Tesu hi yena kenaci kamme āyūhite tāya cetanāya catūsu apāyesu paṭisandhi hoti. Akusalavipākesu ahetukamanoviññāṇadhātuupekkhāsahagatāya paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhāti. Itarassāpi ettheva paṭisandhidānaṃ bhaveyya. Yasmā panetaṃ natthi, tasmā ‘dassanenapahātabba’-padavibhaṅge nāgatanti.</p>
    1832. 

  1832. <p class="centered">Akusalā dhammātipadassa vaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1833. 

  1833. <p class="title">Abyākatapadaṃ</p>
    1834. 

  1834. <p class="title">Ahetukakusalavipāko</p>
    1835. 

  1835. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para431"></a><span class="paranum">431</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0303"></a> abyākatapadaṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katame dhammā abyākatā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha catubbidhaṃ abyākataṃ – vipākaṃ kiriyaṃ rūpaṃ nibbānanti. Tesu vipākābyākataṃ. Vipākābyākatepi kusalavipākaṃ. Tasmimpi parittavipākaṃ. Tasmimpi ahetukaṃ. Tasmimpi pañcaviññāṇaṃ. Tasmimpi dvārapaṭipāṭiyā cakkhuviññāṇaṃ<a name="P0.0262"></a>. Tassāpi, ṭhapetvā dvārārammaṇādisādhāraṇapaccayaṃ, asādhāraṇakammapaccayavaseneva uppattiṃ dīpetuṃ <span class="bld">kāmāvacarassa kusalassa kammassa katattā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">katattā</span>ti katakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Upacitattā</span>ti ācitattā, vaḍḍhitakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇa</span>nti kāraṇabhūtassa cakkhussa viññāṇaṃ, cakkhuto vā pavattaṃ, cakkhusmiṃ vā nissitaṃ viññāṇanti cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Parato <span class="bld">sotaviññāṇādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo.</p>
    1836. 

  1836. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkhusannissitarūpavijānanalakkhaṇaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, rūpamattārammaṇarasaṃ, rūpābhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ<a name="V0.0301"></a>, rūpārammaṇāya kiriyamanodhātuyā apagamapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Parato āgatāni sotādisannissitasaddādivijānanalakkhaṇāni sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni saddādimattārammaṇarasāni, saddādiabhimukhabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānāni, saddādiārammaṇānaṃ kiriyamanodhātūnaṃ apagamapadaṭṭhānāni.</p>
    1837. 

  1837. <p class="bodytext">Idha padapaṭipāṭiyā dasa padāni honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena satta. Tesu pañca avibhattikāni, dve savibhattikāni. Tesu cittaṃ phassapañcakavasena ceva indriyavasena ca dvīsu ṭhānesu vibhattiṃ gacchati, vedanā phassapañcakajhānaṅgaindriyavasena tīsuyeva. Rāsayopi imeva tayo honti. Yevāpanako eko manasikāro eva.</p>
    1838. 

  1838. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para436"></a><span class="paranum">436</span>. Niddesavāre cakkhuviññāṇaṃ paṇḍaranti vatthuto vuttaṃ. Kusalañhi attano parisuddhatāya paṇḍaraṃ nāma, akusalaṃ bhavaṅganissandena, vipākaṃ vatthupaṇḍarattā.</p>
    1839. 

  1839. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para439"></a><span class="paranum">439</span>. Cittassekaggatāniddese <span class="bld">cittassa ṭhitī</span>ti ekameva padaṃ vuttaṃ. Idampi hi dubbalaṃ cittaṃ pavattiṭṭhitimattamevettha labbhati, ‘saṇṭhitiavaṭṭhiti’-bhāvaṃ <a name="M0.0304"></a> pāpuṇituṃ na sakkoti. Saṅgahavāre jhānaṅgamaggaṅgāni na uddhaṭāni. Kasmā? Vitakkapacchimakañhi jhānaṃ nāma, hetupacchimako maggo nāma. Pakatiyā avitakkacitte jhānaṅgaṃ na labbhati, ahetukacitte ca maggaṅgāni. Tasmā idha ubhayampi <a name="P0.0263"></a> na uddhaṭaṃ. Saṅkhārakkhandhopettha caturaṅgikoyeva bhājito. Suññatavāro pākatikoyeva. Sotaviññāṇādiniddesāpi imināva nayena veditabbā.</p>
    1840. 

  1840. <p class="bodytext">Kevalañhi cakkhuviññāṇādīsu ‘upekkhā’ bhājitā, kāyaviññāṇe ‘sukha’nti, ayamettha viseso. Sopi ca ghaṭṭanavasena hotīti veditabbo. Cakkhudvārādīsu hi catūsu upādārūpameva upādārūpaṃ ghaṭṭeti, upādārūpeyeva upādārūpaṃ ghaṭṭente paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃso balavā na hoti. Catunnaṃ adhikaraṇīnaṃ upari cattāro kappāsapicupiṇḍe ṭhapetvā picupiṇḍeheva pahatakālo viya phuṭṭhamattameva hoti. Vedanā majjhattaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati. Kāyadvāre pana bahiddhā mahābhūtārammaṇaṃ ajjhattikakāyapasādaṃ ghaṭṭetvā pasādapaccayesu mahābhūtesu paṭihaññati. Yathā adhikaraṇīmatthake kappāsapicupiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā kūṭena paharantassa kappāsapicupiṇḍaṃ chinditvā kūṭaṃ <a name="V0.0302"></a> adhikaraṇiṃ gaṇhatīti, nighaṃso balavā hoti, evameva paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃso balavā hoti. Iṭṭhe ārammaṇe sukhasahagataṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati, aniṭṭhe dukkhasahagataṃ.</p>
    1841. 

  1841. <p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana pañcannaṃ cittānaṃ vatthudvārārammaṇāni nibaddhāneva honti, vatthādisaṅkamanaṃ nāmettha natthi. Kusalavipākacakkhuviññāṇañhi cakkhupasādaṃ vatthuṃ katvā iṭṭhe ca iṭṭhamajjhatte ca catusamuṭṭhānikarūpārammaṇe dassanakiccaṃ sādhayamānaṃ cakkhudvāre ṭhatvā vipaccati. Sotaviññāṇādīni sotapasādādīni vatthuṃ katvā iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattesu saddādīsu savanaghāyanasāyanaphusanakiccāni sādhayamānāni sotadvārādīsu ṭhatvā vipaccanti. Saddo panettha dvisamuṭṭhānikoyeva hoti.</p>
    1842. 

  1842. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para455"></a><span class="paranum">455</span>. Manodhātuniddese sabhāvasuññatanissattaṭṭhena manoyeva dhātu <span class="bld">manodhātu</span>. Sā cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ anantaraṃ rūpādivijānanalakkhaṇā, rūpādīnaṃ sampaṭicchanarasā, tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, cakkhuviññāṇādiapagamapadaṭṭhānā<a name="P0.0264"></a>. Idha dhammuddese dvādasa padāni honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena <a name="M0.0305"></a> nava. Tesu satta avibhattikāni dve savibhattikāni. Adhimokkho manasikāroti dve yevāpanakā. Vitakkaniddeso abhiniropanaṃ pāpetvā ṭhapito. Yasmā panetaṃ cittaṃ neva kusalaṃ nākusalaṃ, tasmā sammāsaṅkappoti vā micchāsaṅkappoti vā na vuttaṃ. Saṅgahavāre labbhamānampi jhānaṅgaṃ pañcaviññāṇasote patitvā gatanti. Maggaṅgaṃ pana na labbhatiyevāti na uddhaṭaṃ. Suññatavāro pākatikoyeva. Imassa cittassa vatthu nibaddhaṃ hadayavatthumeva hoti. Dvārārammaṇāni anibaddhāni. Tattha kiñcāpi dvārārammaṇāni saṅkamanti, ṭhānaṃ pana ekaṃ. Sampaṭicchanakiccameva hetaṃ hoti. Idañhi pañcadvāre pañcasu ārammaṇesu sampaṭicchanaṃ hutvā vipaccati. Kusalavipākesu cakkhuviññāṇādīsu niruddhesu taṃsamanantarā tāneva ṭhānappattāni rūpārammaṇādīni sampaṭicchati.</p>
    1843. 

  1843. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para469"></a><span class="paranum">469</span>. Manoviññāṇadhātuniddesesu paṭhamamanoviññāṇadhātuyaṃ ‘pīti’padaṃ adhikaṃ. Vedanāpi ‘somanassa’-vedanā hoti. Ayañhi iṭṭhārammaṇasmiṃyeva pavattati. Dutiyamanoviññāṇadhātu iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe. Tasmā tattha ‘upekkhā’ vedanā hotīti. Padāni manodhātuniddesasadisāneva. Ubhayatthāpi pañcaviññāṇasote patitvā gatattāyeva jhānaṅgāni na uddhaṭāni. Maggaṅgāni alābhatoyeva. Sesaṃ sabbattha vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Lakkhaṇādito panesā duvidhāpi manoviññāṇadhātu <a name="V0.0303"></a> ahetukavipākā, chaḷārammaṇavijānanalakkhaṇā, santīraṇādirasā, tathābhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, hadayavatthupadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    1844. 

  1844. <p class="bodytext">Tattha paṭhamā dvīsu ṭhānesu vipaccati. Sā hi pañcadvāre kusalavipākacakkhuviññāṇādianantaraṃ, vipākamanodhātuyā taṃ ārammaṇaṃ sampaṭicchitvā niruddhāya, tasmiṃ yevārammaṇe santīraṇakiccaṃ sādhayamānā pañcasu dvāresu ṭhatvā vipaccati. Chasu dvāresu pana balavārammaṇe <a name="P0.0265"></a> tadārammaṇā hutvā vipaccati. Kathaṃ? Yathā hi caṇḍasote, tiriyaṃ nāvāya gacchantiyā, udakaṃ chijjitvā thokaṃ ṭhānaṃ nāvaṃ anubandhitvā yathāsotameva gacchati, evameva chasu dvāresu balavārammaṇe palobhayamāne āpāthagate javanaṃ javati. Tasmiṃ javite bhavaṅgassa vāro. Idaṃ pana cittaṃ bhavaṅgassa vāraṃ adatvā javanena gahitārammaṇaṃ gahetvā ekaṃ dve cittavāre pavattitvā bhavaṅgameva <a name="M0.0306"></a> otarati. Gavakkhandhe nadiṃ tarantepi evameva upamā vitthāretabbā. Evamesā yaṃ javanena gahitārammaṇaṃ tasseva gahitattā tadārammaṇaṃ nāma hutvā vipaccati.</p>
    1845. 

  1845. <p class="bodytext">Dutiyā pana pañcasu ṭhānesu vipaccati. Kathaṃ? Manussaloke tāva jaccandhajaccabadhirajaccaeḷajaccummattakaubhatobyañjanakanapuṃsakānaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇakāle paṭisandhi hutvā vipaccati. Paṭisandhiyā vītivattāya yāvatāyukaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ hutvā vipaccati. Iṭṭhamajjhatte pañcārammaṇavīthiyā santīraṇaṃ hutvā, balavārammaṇe chasu dvāresu tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā, maraṇakāle cuti hutvāti imesu pañcasu ṭhānesu vipaccatīti.</p>
    1846. 

  1846. <p class="centered">Manoviññāṇadhātudvayaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
    1847. 

  1847. <p class="title">Aṭṭhamahāvipākacittavaṇṇanā</p>
    1848. 

  1848. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para498"></a><span class="paranum">498</span>. Idāni aṭṭhamahāvipākacittāni dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā abyākatā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha pāḷiyaṃ nayamattaṃ dassetvā sabbavārā saṃkhittā. Tesaṃ attho heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Yo panettha viseso taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">alobho abyākatamūla</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Yampi na vuttaṃ <a name="V0.0304"></a> taṃ evaṃ veditabbaṃ – yo hi kāmāvacarakusalesu kammadvārakammapathapuññakiriyavatthubhedo vutto so idha natthi. Kasmā? Aviññattijanakato avipākadhammato tathā appavattito ca. Yāpi tā yevāpanakesu <a name="P0.0266"></a> karuṇāmuditā vuttā, tā sattārammaṇattā vipākesu na santi. Ekantaparittārammaṇāni hi kāmāvacaravipākāni. Na kevalañca karuṇāmuditā, viratiyopettha na santi. ‘Pañca sikkhāpadāni kusalānevā’ti (vibha. 715) hi vuttaṃ.</p>
    1849. 

  1849. <p class="bodytext">Asaṅkhārasasaṅkhāravidhānañcettha kusalato ceva paccayabhedato ca veditabbaṃ. Asaṅkhārikassa hi kusalassa asaṅkhārikameva vipākaṃ, sasaṅkhārikassa sasaṅkhārikaṃ. Balavapaccayehi ca uppannaṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ, itarehi itaraṃ. Hīnādibhedepi imāni hīnamajjhimapaṇītehi chandādīhi anipphāditattā hīnamajjhimapaṇītāni nāma na honti. Hīnassa pana kusalassa vipākaṃ hīnaṃ, majjhimassa <a name="M0.0307"></a> majjhimaṃ, paṇītassa paṇītaṃ. Adhipatino pettha na santi. Kasmā? Chandādīni dhuraṃ katvā anuppādetabbato. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ aṭṭhasu kusalesu vuttasadisameva.</p>
    1850. 

  1850. <p class="bodytext">Idāni imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ mahāvipākacittānaṃ vipaccanaṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Etāni hi catūsu ṭhānesu vipaccanti – paṭisandhiyaṃ, bhavaṅge, cutiyaṃ, tadārammaṇeti. Kathaṃ? Manussesu tāva kāmāvacaradevesu ca puññavantānaṃ duhetukatihetukānaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇakāle paṭisandhi hutvā vipaccanti. Paṭisandhiyā vītivattāya pavatte saṭṭhipi asītipi vassāni asaṅkhyeyyampi āyukālaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ hutvā, balavārammaṇe chasu dvāresu tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā, maraṇakāle cuti hutvāti. Evaṃ catūsu ṭhānesu vipaccanti.</p>
    1851. 

  1851. <p class="bodytext">Tattha sabbepi sabbaññubodhisattā pacchimapaṭisandhiggahaṇe paṭhamena somanassasahagatatihetukaasaṅkhārikamahāvipākacittena paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti. Taṃ pana mettāpubbabhāgacittassa vipākaṃ hoti. Tena dinnāya paṭisandhiyā asaṅkhyeyyaṃ āyu. Kālavasena pana pariṇamati. <span class="bld">Mahāsīvatthero</span> panāha – ‘somanassasahagatato upekkhāsahagataṃ balavataraṃ. Tena paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanti. Tena gahitapaṭisandhikā hi mahajjhāsayā honti. Dibbesupi ārammaṇesu uppilāvino na honti, tipiṭakacūḷanāgattherādayo viyā’ti<a name="P0.0267"></a>. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana – ‘ayaṃ therassa manoratho,’‘natthi eta’nti paṭikkhipitvā ‘sabbaññubodhisattānaṃ hitūpacāro balavā hoti<a name="V0.0305"></a>, tasmā mettāpubbabhāgakāmāvacarakusalavipākasomanassasahagatatihetukaasaṅkhārikacittena paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantī’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1852. 

  1852. <p class="subhead">Vipākuddhārakathā</p>
    1853. 

  1853. <p class="bodytext">Idāni vipākuddhārakathāya mātikā ṭhapetabbā – <span class="bld">tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthero</span> tāva āha – ekāya kusalacetanāya soḷasa vipākacittāni uppajjanti. Ettheva dvādasakamaggopi ahetukaṭṭhakampīti. <span class="bld">Moravāpivāsī mahādattatthero</span> panāha – ekāya kusalacetanāya dvādasa vipākacittāni uppajjanti. Ettheva dasakamaggopi ahetukaṭṭhakampīti. <span class="bld">Tipiṭakamahādhammarakkhitatthero</span> āha – ekāya kusalacetanāya dasa vipākacittāni uppajjanti, ettheva ahetukaṭṭhakanti.</p>
    1854. 

  1854. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="M0.0308"></a> ṭhāne <span class="bld">sāketapañhaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhiṃsu. Sākete kira upāsakā sālāyaṃ nisīditvā ‘kiṃ nu kho ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite ekā paṭisandhi hoti udāhu nānā’ti? Pañhaṃ nāma samuṭṭhāpetvā nicchetuṃ asakkontā ābhidhammikatthere upasaṅkamitvā pucchiṃsu. Therā ‘yathā ekasmā ambabījā ekova aṅkuro nikkhamati, evaṃ ekāva paṭisandhi hotī’ti saññāpesuṃ. Athekadivasaṃ ‘kiṃ nu kho nānācetanāhi kamme āyūhite paṭisandhiyo nānā honti udāhu ekā’ti? Pañhaṃ samuṭṭhāpetvā nicchetuṃ asakkontā there pucchiṃsu. Therā ‘yathā bahūsu ambabījesu ropitesu bahū aṅkurā nikkhamanti, evaṃ bahukāva paṭisandhiyo hontī’ti saññāpesuṃ.</p>
    1855. 

  1855. <p class="bodytext">Aparampi imasmiṃ ṭhāne <span class="bld">ussadakittanaṃ</span> nāma gahitaṃ. Imesañhi sattānaṃ lobhopi ussanno hoti, dosopi mohopi; alobhopi adosopi amohopi. Taṃ nesaṃ ussannabhāvaṃ ko niyāmetīti? Pubbahetu niyāmeti. Kammāyūhanakkhaṇeyeva nānattaṃ hoti. Kathaṃ? ‘‘Yassa hi kammāyūhanakkhaṇe lobho balavā hoti alobho mando, adosāmohā balavanto dosamohā mandā, tassa mando alobho lobhaṃ pariyādātuṃ na sakkoti, adosāmohā pana balavanto dosamohe <a name="P0.0268"></a> pariyādātuṃ sakkonti. Tasmā so tena kammena dinnapaṭisandhivasena nibbatto luddho hoti, sukhasīlo akkodhano, paññavā pana hoti vajirūpamañāṇo’’ti.</p>
    1856. 

  1856. <p class="bodytext">‘Yassa <a name="V0.0306"></a> pana kammāyūhanakkhaṇe lobhadosā balavanto honti alobhādosā mandā, amoho balavā moho mando, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti duṭṭho ca, paññavā pana hoti vajirūpamañāṇo dattābhayatthero viya.</p>
    1857. 

  1857. <p class="bodytext">‘Yassa pana kammāyūhanakkhaṇe lobhādosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti dandho ca, sukhasīlako pana hoti akkodhano.</p>
    1858. 

  1858. <p class="bodytext">‘Tathā yassa kammāyūhanakkhaṇe tayopi lobhadosamohā balavanto honti alobhādayo mandā, so purimanayeneva luddho ceva hoti duṭṭho ca mūḷho ca.</p>
    1859. 

  1859. <p class="bodytext">‘Yassa <a name="M0.0309"></a> pana kammāyūhanakkhaṇe alobhadosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayeneva appakileso hoti, dibbārammaṇampi disvā niccalo, duṭṭho pana hoti dandhapañño cāti.</p>
    1860. 

  1860. <p class="bodytext">‘Yassa pana kammāyūhanakkhaṇe alobhādosamohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayeneva aluddho ceva hoti, sukhasīlako ca, dandho pana hoti.</p>
    1861. 

  1861. <p class="bodytext">‘Tathā yassa kammāyūhanakkhaṇe alobhadosāmohā balavanto honti itare mandā, so purimanayeneva aluddho ceva hoti paññavā ca, duṭṭho ca pana hoti kodhano.</p>
    1862. 

  1862. <p class="bodytext">‘Yassa pana kammāyūhanakkhaṇe tayopi alobhādayo balavanto honti lobhādayo mandā, so mahāsaṅgharakkhitatthero viya aluddho aduṭṭho paññavā ca hotī’ti.</p>
    1863. 

  1863. <p class="bodytext">Aparampi imasmiṃ ṭhāne <span class="bld">hetukittanaṃ</span> nāma gahitaṃ. Tihetukakammañhi tihetukampi duhetukampi ahetukampi vipākaṃ deti. Duhetukakammaṃ tihetukavipākaṃ na deti, itaraṃ deti. Tihetukakammena paṭisandhi tihetukāpi hoti, duhetukāpi; ahetukā na hoti. Duhetukena duhetukāpi hoti ahetukāpi; tihetukā na hoti. Asaṅkhārikaṃ kusalaṃ asaṅkhārikampi sasaṅkhārikampi <a name="V0.0307"></a> vipākaṃ deti. Sasaṅkhārikaṃ <a name="P0.0269"></a> sasaṅkhārikampi asaṅkhārikampi vipākaṃ deti. Ārammaṇena vedanā parivattetabbā. Javanena tadārammaṇaṃ niyāmetabbaṃ.</p>
    1864. 

  1864. <p class="bodytext">Idāni tassa tassa therassa vāde <span class="bld">soḷasamaggādayo</span> veditabbā. Paṭhamakāmāvacarakusalasadisena hi paṭhamamahāvipākacittena gahitapaṭisandhikassa gabbhāvāsato nikkhamitvā saṃvarāsaṃvare paṭṭhapetuṃ samatthabhāvaṃ upagatassa cakkhudvārasmiṃ ‘iṭṭhārammaṇe’ āpāthamāgate kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅge anāvaṭṭiteyeva atikkamanaārammaṇānaṃ pamāṇaṃ natthi. Kasmā evaṃ hoti? Ārammaṇadubbalatāya. Ayaṃ tāva eko moghavāro.</p>
    1865. 

  1865. <p class="bodytext">Sace pana bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭeti, kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅge āvaṭṭite, voṭṭhabbanaṃ apāpetvāva antarā, cakkhuviññāṇe vā sampaṭicchane vā santīraṇe <a name="M0.0310"></a> vā ṭhatvā nivattissatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Voṭṭhabbanavasena pana ṭhatvā ekaṃ vā dve vā cittāni pavattanti. Tato āsevanaṃ labhitvā javanaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā puna bhavaṅgaṃ otarati idampi ārammaṇadubbalatāya eva hoti. Ayaṃ pana vāro ‘diṭṭhaṃ viya me, sutaṃ viya me’tiādīni vadanakāle labbhati. Ayampi dutiyo moghavāro.</p>
    1866. 

  1866. <p class="bodytext">Aparassa kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅge āvaṭṭite vīthicittāni uppajjanti, javanaṃ javati. Javanapariyosāne pana tadārammaṇassa vāro. Tasmiṃ anuppanneyeva bhavaṅgaṃ otarati. Tatrāyaṃ upamā – yathā hi nadiyā āvaraṇaṃ bandhitvā mahāmātikābhimukhe udake kate udakaṃ gantvā ubhosu tīresu kedāre pūretvā atirekaṃ kakkaṭakamaggādīhi palāyitvā puna nadiṃyeva otarati, evametaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha hi nadiyaṃ udakappavattanakālo viya bhavaṅgavīthippavattanakālo<a name="P0.0270"></a>. Āvaraṇabandhanakālo viya kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgassa āvaṭṭanakālo. Mahāmātikāya udakappavattanakālo viya vīthicittappavatti. Ubhosu tīresu kedārapūraṇaṃ viya javanaṃ. Kakkaṭakamaggādīhi palāyitvā puna udakassa nadīotaraṇaṃ viya javanaṃ javitvā tadārammaṇe anuppanneyeva puna bhavaṅgotaraṇaṃ. Evaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ otaraṇacittānampi gaṇanapatho natthi. Idañcāpi ārammaṇadubbalatāya eva hoti. Ayaṃ tatiyo moghavāro.</p>
    1867. 

  1867. <p class="bodytext">Sace pana balavārammaṇaṃ āpāthagataṃ hoti kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅge āvaṭṭite cakkhuviññāṇādīni <a name="V0.0308"></a> uppajjanti. Javanaṭṭhāne pana paṭhamakāmāvacarakusalacittaṃ javanaṃ hutvā chasattavāre javitvā tadārammaṇassa vāraṃ deti. Tadārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhahamānaṃ taṃsadisameva mahāvipākacittaṃ patiṭṭhāti. Idaṃ dve nāmāni labhati – paṭisandhicittasadisattā ‘mūlabhavaṅga’nti ca, yaṃ javanena gahitaṃ ārammaṇaṃ tassa gahitattā ‘tadārammaṇa’nti ca. Imasmiṃ ṭhāne cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ santīraṇaṃ tadārammaṇanti cattāri vipākacittāni gaṇanūpagāni honti.</p>
    1868. 

  1868. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana dutiyakusalacittaṃ javanaṃ hoti, tadā taṃsadisaṃ dutiyavipākacittameva tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā patiṭṭhāti. Idañca dve nāmāni labhati<a name="M0.0311"></a>. Paṭisandhicittena asadisattā ‘āgantukabhavaṅga’nti ca purimanayeneva ‘tadārammaṇa’nti ca. Iminā saddhiṃ purimāni cattāri pañca honti.</p>
    1869. 

  1869. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana tatiyakusalacittaṃ javanaṃ hoti, tadā taṃsadisaṃ tatiyavipākacittaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā patiṭṭhāti. Idampi vuttanayeneva ‘āgantukabhavaṅgaṃ’‘tadārammaṇa’nti ca dve nāmāni labhati. Iminā saddhiṃ purimāni pañca cha honti.</p>
    1870. 

  1870. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana catutthakusalacittaṃ javanaṃ hoti, tadā taṃsadisaṃ catutthavipākacittaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā patiṭṭhāti. Idampi vuttanayeneva ‘āgantukabhavaṅgaṃ’‘tadārammaṇa’nti <a name="P0.0271"></a> ca dve nāmāni labhati. Iminā saddhiṃ purimāni cha satta honti.</p>
    1871. 

  1871. <p class="bodytext">Yadā pana tasmiṃ dvāre ‘iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇaṃ’ āpāthamāgacchati, tatrāpi vuttanayeneva tayo moghavārā labbhanti. Yasmā pana ārammaṇena vedanā parivattati tasmā tattha upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇaṃ. Catunnañca upekkhāsahagatamahākusalajavanānaṃ pariyosāne cattāri upekkhāsahagatamahāvipākacittāneva tadārammaṇabhāvena patiṭṭhahanti. Tānipi vuttanayeneva ‘āgantukabhavaṅgaṃ’‘tadārammaṇa’nti ca dve nāmāni labhanti. ‘Piṭṭhibhavaṅgānī’tipi vuccanti eva. Iti imāni pañca purimehi sattahi saddhiṃ dvādasa honti. Evaṃ cakkhudvāre dvādasa, sotadvārādīsu dvādasa dvādasāti, samasaṭṭhi honti. Evaṃ ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite samasaṭṭhi <a name="V0.0309"></a> vipākacittāni uppajjanti. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre dvādasa, sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni cattārīti soḷasa honti.</p>
    1872. 

  1872. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ ṭhāne <span class="bld">ambopamaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhiṃsu – eko kira puriso phalitambarukkhamūle sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nipanno niddāyati. Athekaṃ ambapakkaṃ vaṇṭato muccitvā tassa kaṇṇasakkhaliṃ puñchamānaṃ viya ‘tha’nti bhūmiyaṃ pati. So tassa saddena pabujjhitvā ummīletvā olokesi. Tato hatthaṃ pasāretvā phalaṃ gahetvā madditvā upasiṅghitvā paribhuñji.</p>
    1873. 

  1873. <p class="bodytext">Tattha, tassa purisassa ambarukkhamūle niddāyanakālo viya bhavaṅgasamaṅgikālo. Ambapakkassa vaṇṭato muccitvā kaṇṇasakkhaliṃ puñchamānassa patanakālo viya ārammaṇassa pasādaghaṭṭanakālo. Tena saddena pabuddhakālo <a name="M0.0312"></a> viya kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgassa āvaṭṭitakālo. Ummīletvā olokitakālo viya cakkhuviññāṇassa dassanakiccasādhanakālo. Hatthaṃ pasāretvā gahitakālo viya vipākamanodhātuyā ārammaṇassa sampaṭicchitakālo. Gahetvā madditakālo viya vipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa santīraṇakālo. Upasiṅghitakālo viya kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa vavatthāpitakālo<a name="P0.0272"></a>. Paribhuttakālo viya javanassa ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavitakālo. Ayaṃ upamā kiṃ dīpeti? Ārammaṇassa pasādaghaṭṭanameva kiccaṃ. Tena pasāde ghaṭṭite kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgāvaṭṭanameva, cakkhuviññāṇassa dassanamattakameva, vipākamanodhātuyā ārammaṇasampaṭicchanamattakameva, vipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇasantīraṇamattakameva, kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇavavatthāpanamattakameva kiccaṃ. Ekantena pana ārammaṇarasaṃ javanameva anubhavatīti dīpeti.</p>
    1874. 

  1874. <p class="bodytext">Ettha ca ‘tvaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ nāma hohi, tvaṃ āvajjanaṃ nāma, tvaṃ dassanaṃ nāma, tvaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ nāma, tvaṃ santīraṇaṃ nāma, tvaṃ voṭṭhabbanaṃ nāma, tvaṃ javanaṃ nāma, hohī’ti koci kattā vā kāretā vā natthi.</p>
    1875. 

  1875. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne <span class="bld">pañcavidhaṃ niyāmaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhiṃsu – bījaniyāmaṃ utuniyāmaṃ kammaniyāmaṃ dhammaniyāmaṃ cittaniyāmanti. Tattha kulatthagacchassa uttaraggabhāvo, dakkhiṇavalliyā dakkhiṇato <a name="V0.0310"></a> rukkhapariharaṇaṃ, sūriyāvaṭṭapupphānaṃ sūriyābhimukhabhāvo, māluvalatāya rukkhābhimukhagamanameva, nāḷikerassa matthake chiddasabbhāvoti tesaṃ tesaṃ bījānaṃ taṃtaṃsadisaphaladānaṃ <span class="bld">bījaniyāmo</span> nāma. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye tesaṃ tesaṃ rukkhānaṃ ekappahāreneva pupphaphalapallavaggahaṇaṃ <span class="bld">utuniyāmo</span> nāma. Tihetukakammaṃ tihetukaduhetukāhetukavipākaṃ deti. Duhetukakammaṃ duhetukāhetukavipākaṃ deti, tihetukaṃ na detīti, evaṃ tassa tassa kammassa taṃtaṃsadisavipākadānameva <span class="bld">kammaniyāmo</span> nāma.</p>
    1876. 

  1876. <p class="bodytext">Aparopi kammasarikkhakavipākavaseneva kammaniyāmo hoti. Tassa dīpanatthamidaṃ vatthuṃ kathenti – sammāsambuddhakāle sāvatthiyā dvāragāmo jhāyi<a name="M0.0313"></a>. Tato pajjalitaṃ tiṇakaraḷaṃ uṭṭhahitvā ākāsena gacchato kākassa gīvāya paṭimuñci. So viravanto bhūmiyaṃ patitvā kālamakāsi. Mahāsamuddepi <a name="P0.0273"></a> ekā nāvā niccalā aṭṭhāsi. Heṭṭhā kenaci niruddhabhāvaṃ apassantā kāḷakaṇṇisalākaṃ vicāresuṃ. Sā nāvikasseva upāsikāya hatthe pati. Tato ekissā kāraṇā mā sabbe nassantu, udake naṃ khipāmāti āhaṃsu. Nāviko ‘na sakkhissāmi etaṃ udake uppilavamānaṃ passitu’nti vālikāghaṭaṃ gīvāyaṃ bandhāpetvā khipāpesi. Taṅkhaṇaññeva nāvā khittasaro viya pakkhandi. Eko bhikkhu leṇe vasati. Mahantaṃ pabbatakūṭaṃ patitvā dvāraṃ pidahi. Taṃ sattame divase sayameva apagataṃ. Sammāsambuddhassa jetavane nisīditvā dhammaṃ kathentassa imāni tīṇi vatthūni ekappahāreneva ārocesuṃ. Satthā ‘na etaṃ aññehi kataṃ, tehi katakammameva ta’nti atītaṃ āharitvā dassento āha –</p>
    1877. 

  1877. <p class="bodytext">Kāko purimattabhāve manusso hutvā ekaṃ duṭṭhagoṇaṃ dametuṃ asakkonto gīvāya palālaveṇiṃ bandhitvā aggiṃ adāsi. Goṇo teneva mato. Idāni taṃ kammaṃ etassa ākāsena gacchatopi na muccituṃ adāsi. Sāpi itthī purimattabhāve ekā itthīyeva. Eko kukkuro tāya paricito hutvā araññaṃ gacchantiyā saddhiṃ gacchati, saddhimevāgacchati. Manussā ‘nikkhanto idāni amhākaṃ sunakhaluddako’ti uppaṇḍenti. Sā tena aṭṭīyamānā kukkuraṃ nivāretuṃ asakkontī vālikāghaṭaṃ gīvāya bandhitvā udake khipi. Taṃ kammaṃ tassā samuddamajjhe muccituṃ nādāsi. Sopi bhikkhu purimattabhāve gopālako hutvā bilaṃ paviṭṭhāya godhāya sākhābhaṅgamuṭṭhiyā dvāraṃ thakesi. Tato sattame divase sayaṃ āgantvā vivari. Godhā kampamānā <a name="V0.0311"></a> nikkhami. Karuṇāya taṃ na māresi. Taṃ kammaṃ tassa pabbatantaraṃ pavisitvā nisinnassa muccituṃ nādāsīti. Imāni tīṇi vatthūni samodhānetvā imaṃ gāthamāha –</p>
    1878. 

  1878. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Na antalikkhe na samuddamajjhe,</p>
    1879. 

  1879. <p class="gatha2">Na <a name="P0.0274"></a> pabbatānaṃ vivaraṃ pavissa;</p>
    1880. 

  1880. <p class="gatha3">Na vijjate so jagatippadeso,</p>
    1881. 

  1881. <p class="gathalast">Yatthaṭṭhito mucceyya pāpakammā’’ti. (dha. pa. 127);</p>
    1882. 

  1882. <p class="bodytext">Ayampi <a name="M0.0314"></a> kammaniyāmoyeva nāma. Aññānipi evarūpāni vatthūni kathetabbāni.</p>
    1883. 

  1883. <p class="bodytext">Bodhisattānaṃ pana paṭisandhiggahaṇe, mātukucchito nikkhamane, abhisambodhiyaṃ tathāgatassa dhammacakkappavattane, āyusaṅkhārassa ossajjane, parinibbāne ca dasasahassacakkavāḷakampanaṃ <span class="bld">dhammaniyāmo</span> nāma.</p>
    1884. 

  1884. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇena pana pasāde ghaṭṭite ‘tvaṃ āvajjanaṃ nāma hohi…pe… tvaṃ javanaṃ nāma hohī’ti koci kattā vā kāretā vā natthi, attano attano pana dhammatāya eva ārammaṇena pasādassa ghaṭṭitakālato paṭṭhāya kiriyamanodhātucittaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭeti, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ dassanakiccaṃ sādheti, vipākamanodhātu sampaṭicchanakiccaṃ sādheti, vipākamanoviññāṇadhātu santīraṇakiccaṃ sādheti, kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātu voṭṭhabbanakiccaṃ sādheti, javanaṃ ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavatīti ayaṃ <span class="bld">cittaniyāmo</span> nāma. Ayaṃ idha adhippeto.</p>
    1885. 

  1885. <p class="bodytext">Sasaṅkhārikatihetukakusalenāpi upekkhāsahagatehi asaṅkhārikasasaṅkhārikakusalacittehipi kamme āyūhite taṃsadisavipākacittehi ādinnāya paṭisandhiyā eseva nayo. Upekkhāsahagatadvaye pana paṭhamaṃ ‘iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇavasena’ pavattiṃ dassetvā pacchā ‘iṭṭhārammaṇavasena’ dassetabbā.</p>
    1886. 

  1886. <p class="bodytext">Evampi ekekasmiṃ dvāre dvādasa dvādasa hutvā samasaṭṭhi honti. Aggahitaggahaṇena soḷasa vipākacittāni uppajjanti.</p>
    1887. 

  1887. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="V0.0312"></a> ṭhāne <span class="bld">pañcaucchunāḷiyantopamaṃ</span> nāma gaṇhiṃsu. Ucchupīḷanasamaye kira ekasmā gāmā ekādasa yantavāhā nikkhamitvā ekaṃ ucchuvāṭaṃ disvā tassa paripakkabhāvaṃ ñatvā ucchusāmikaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘yantavāhā <a name="P0.0275"></a> maya’nti ārocesuṃ. So ‘ahaṃ tumheyeva pariyesāmī’ti ucchusālaṃ te gahetvā agamāsi. Te tattha nāḷiyantaṃ sajjetvā ‘mayaṃ ekādasa janā, aparampi ekaṃ laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, vetanena gaṇhathā’ti āhaṃsu. Ucchusāmiko ‘ahameva sahāyo bhavissāmī’ti ucchūnaṃ sālaṃ pūrāpetvā tesaṃ sahāyo ahosi. Te attano attano kiccāni katvā, phāṇitapācakena <a name="M0.0315"></a> ucchurase pakke, guḷabandhakena baddhe, ucchusāmikena tulayitvā bhāgesu dinnesu, attano attano bhāgaṃ ādāya ucchusālaṃ sāmikassa paṭicchāpetvā, eteneva upāyena aparāsupi catūsu sālāsu kammaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.</p>
    1888. 

  1888. <p class="bodytext">Tattha pañca yantasālā viya pañca pasādā daṭṭhabbā. Pañca ucchuvāṭā viya pañca ārammaṇāni. Ekādasa vicaraṇakayantavāhā viya ekādasa vipākacittāni. Pañca ucchusālāsāmino viya pañcaviññāṇāni. Paṭhamakasālāyaṃ sāmikena saddhiṃ dvādasannaṃ janānaṃ ekatova hutvā katakammānaṃ bhāgaggahaṇakālo viya ekādasannaṃ vipākacittānaṃ cakkhuviññāṇena saddhiṃ ekato hutvā cakkhudvāre rūpārammaṇe sakasakakiccakaraṇakālo. Sālāsāmikassa sālāya sampaṭicchanakālo viya cakkhuviññāṇassa dvārasaṅkantiakaraṇaṃ. Dutiya tatiya catuttha pañcamasālāya dvādasannaṃ ekato hutvā katakammānaṃ bhāgaggahaṇakālo viya ekādasannaṃ vipākacittānaṃ kāyaviññāṇena saddhiṃ ekato hutvā kāyadvāre phoṭṭhabbārammaṇe sakasakakiccakaraṇakālo. Sālāsāmikassa sālāya sampaṭicchanakālo viya kāyaviññāṇassa dvārasaṅkantiakaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ettāvatā tihetukakammena paṭisandhi tihetukā hotīti vāro kathito. Yā pana tena duhetukapaṭisandhi hoti, sā paṭicchannāva hutvā gatā.</p>
    1889. 

  1889. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">duhetukakammena duhetukā paṭisandhi hotī</span>ti vāro kathetabbo. Duhetukena hi somanassasahagataasaṅkhārikacittena kamme āyūhite taṃsadiseneva duhetukavipākacittena gahitapaṭisandhikassa vuttanayeneva cakkhudvāre <a name="P0.0276"></a> ‘iṭṭhārammaṇe’ āpāthamāgate tayo moghavārā. Duhetukasomanassasahagataasaṅkhārikajavanāvasāne taṃsadisameva mūlabhavaṅgasaṅkhātaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ. Sasaṅkhārikajavanāvasāne taṃsadisameva āgantukabhavaṅgasaṅkhātaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ. ‘Iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ dvinnaṃ upekkhāsahagatajavanānaṃ avasāne tādisāneva dve tadārammaṇāni uppajjanti. Idha ekekasmiṃ <a name="V0.0313"></a> dvāre aṭṭha aṭṭha katvā samacattālīsa cittāni. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre aṭṭha, sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni cattārīti dvādasa honti. Evaṃ ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite dvādasa <a name="M0.0316"></a> vipākacittāni uppajjanti. Ambopamapañcaniyāmakathā pākatikā eva. Duhetukasesacittattayasadisavipākena gahitapaṭisandhikepi eseva nayo. Yantavāhopamāya panettha satta yantavāhā. Tehi tattha yante nāma sajjite sālāsāmikaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ katvā vuttanayānusārena yojanā veditabbā. Ettāvatā duhetukakammena duhetukapaṭisandhi hotīti vāro kathito.</p>
    1890. 

  1890. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">ahetukapaṭisandhikathā</span> hoti – catunnañhi duhetukakusalacittānaṃ aññatarena kamme āyūhite kusalavipākaupekkhāsahagatāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātucittena gahitapaṭisandhikassa paṭisandhi kammasadisāti na vattabbā. Kammañhi duhetukaṃ paṭisandhi ahetukā. Tassa vuḍḍhippattassa cakkhudvāre ‘iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ āpāthamāgate purimanayeneva tayo moghavārā veditabbā. Catunnaṃ pana duhetukakusalacittānaṃ aññatarajavanassa pariyosāne ahetukacittaṃ tadārammaṇabhāvena patiṭṭhāti. Taṃ ‘mūlabhavaṅgaṃ’‘tadārammaṇa’nti dve nāmāni labhati. Evamettha cakkhuviññāṇaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇaṃ tadārammaṇampi upekkhāsahagatamevāti tesu ekaṃ gahetvā gaṇanūpagāni tīṇeva honti.</p>
    1891. 

  1891. <p class="bodytext">‘Iṭṭhārammaṇe’ pana santīraṇampi tadārammaṇampi somanassasahagatameva. Tesu ekaṃ gahetvā purimāni tīṇi cattāri honti. Evaṃ pañcasu dvāresu cattāri cattāri katvā ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite vīsati vipākacittāni uppajjantīti <a name="P0.0277"></a> veditabbāni. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre cattāri sotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni cattārīti aṭṭha honti. Idaṃ ‘ahetukaṭṭhakaṃ’ nāma. Idaṃ manussalokena gahitaṃ.</p>
    1892. 

  1892. <p class="bodytext">Catūsu pana apāyesu pavatte labbhati. Yadā hi mahāmoggallānatthero niraye padumaṃ māpetvā padumakaṇṇikāya nisinno nerayikānaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathesi, tadā tesaṃ theraṃ passantānaṃ kusalavipākaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjati. Saddaṃ suṇantānaṃ sotaviññāṇaṃ, candanavane divāvihāraṃ nisīditvā gatassa cīvaragandhaghāyanakāle ghānaviññāṇaṃ, nirayaggiṃ nibbāpetuṃ devaṃ vassāpetvā pānīyadānakāle jivhāviññāṇaṃ, mandamandavātasamuṭṭhāpanakāle kāyaviññāṇanti evaṃ cakkhuviññāṇādīni pañca<a name="M0.0317"></a>, ekaṃ sampaṭicchanaṃ, dve santīraṇānīti ahetukaṭṭhakaṃ labbhati<a name="V0.0314"></a>. Nāgasupaṇṇavemānikapetānampi akusalena paṭisandhi hoti. Pavatte kusalaṃ vipaccati. Tathā cakkavattino maṅgalahatthiassādīnaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva ‘iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇesu’ kusalajavanavasena kathāmaggo.</p>
    1893. 

  1893. <p class="bodytext">‘Iṭṭhārammaṇe’ pana catūsu somanassasahagatākusalacittesu javitesu kusalavipākaṃ somanassasahagatāhetukacittaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hoti. ‘Iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ catūsu upekkhāsahagatalobhasampayuttesu javitesu kusalavipākaṃ upekkhāsahagatāhetukacittaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hoti. Yaṃ pana ‘javanena tadārammaṇaṃ niyametabba’nti vuttaṃ taṃ kusalaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Domanassasahagatajavanānantaraṃ tadārammaṇaṃ uppajjamānaṃ kiṃ uppajjatīti? Akusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātucittaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    1894. 

  1894. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ pana javanaṃ kusalatthāya vā akusalatthāya vā ko niyāmetīti? Āvajjanañceva voṭṭhabbanañca. Āvajjanena hi yoniso āvaṭṭite voṭṭhabbanena yoniso vavatthāpite javanaṃ akusalaṃ bhavissatīti aṭṭhānametaṃ. Āvajjanena <a name="P0.0278"></a> ayoniso āvaṭṭite voṭṭhabbanena ayoniso vavatthāpite javanaṃ kusalaṃ bhavissatītipi aṭṭhānametaṃ. Ubhayena pana yoniso āvaṭṭite vavatthāpite ca javanaṃ kusalaṃ hoti, ayoniso akusalanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1895. 

  1895. <p class="bodytext">‘Iṭṭhārammaṇe’ pana kaṅkhato uddhatassa ca tadārammaṇaṃ kiṃ hotīti? Iṭṭhārammaṇasmiṃ kaṅkhatu vā mā vā, uddhato vā hotu mā vā, kusalavipākāhetukasomanassacittameva tadārammaṇaṃ hoti, ‘iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ ‘kusalavipākāhetukaupekkhāsahagata’nti, ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepato atthadīpano mahādhammarakkhitattheravādo nāma. Somanassasahagatasmiñhi javane javite pañca tadārammaṇāni gavesitabbānīti. Upekkhāsahagatasmiṃ javane javite cha gavesitabbānīti.</p>
    1896. 

  1896. <p class="bodytext">Atha yadā somanassasahagatapaṭisandhikassa pavatte jhānaṃ nibbattetvā pamādena parihīnajjhānassa ‘paṇītadhammo me naṭṭho’ti paccavekkhato vippaṭisāravasena <a name="M0.0318"></a> domanassaṃ uppajjati, tadā kiṃ uppajjati? ‘Somanassānantarañhi domanassaṃ domanassānantarañca somanassaṃ’ paṭṭhāne paṭisiddhaṃ. Mahaggatadhammaṃ ārabbha javane javite tadārammaṇampi tattheva paṭisiddhanti? Kusalavipākā vā akusalavipākā vā upekkhāsahagatāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu uppajjati<a name="V0.0315"></a>, kimassā āvajjananti? ‘Bhavaṅgāvajjanānaṃ viya natthassā āvajjanakicca’nti. ‘Etāni tāva attano ninnattā ca ciṇṇattā ca samudācārattā ca uppajjantu, ayaṃ kathaṃ uppajjatī’ti? ‘Yathā nirodhassa anantarapaccayaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ, nirodhā vuṭṭhahantassa phalasamāpatticittaṃ, ariyamaggacittaṃ, maggānantarāni phalacittāni, evaṃ asantepi āvajjane, ninnaciṇṇasamudācārabhāvena uppajjati. Vinā hi āvajjanena cittaṃ uppajjati, ārammaṇena pana vinā nuppajjatī’ti. ‘Atha kimassārammaṇa’nti? ‘Rūpādīsu parittadhammesu aññataraṃ. Etesu hi yadeva tasmiṃ samaye āpāthamāgataṃ hoti, taṃ ārabbha etaṃ cittaṃ uppajjatī’ti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1897. 

  1897. <p class="bodytext">Idāni sabbesampi <a name="P0.0279"></a> etesaṃ cittānaṃ pākaṭabhāvatthaṃ ayaṃ pakiṇṇakanayo vutto –</p>
    1898. 

  1898. <p class="gatha1">Suttaṃ dovāriko ca, gāmillo ambo koliyakena ca;</p>
    1899. 

  1899. <p class="gathalast">Jaccandho pīṭhasappī ca, visayaggāho ca upanissayamatthasoti.</p>
    1900. 

  1900. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘sutta’</span>nti, eko panthamakkaṭako pañcasu disāsu suttaṃ pasāretvā jālaṃ katvā majjhe nipajjati. Paṭhamadisāya pasāritasutte pāṇakena vā paṭaṅgena vā makkhikāya vā pahaṭe nipannaṭṭhānato calitvā nikkhamitvā suttānusārena gantvā tassa yūsaṃ pivitvā punaāgantvā tattheva nipajjati. Dutiyadisādīsu pahaṭakālepi evameva karoti.</p>
    1901. 

  1901. <p class="bodytext">Tattha pañcasu disāsu pasāritasuttaṃ viya pañcapasādā. Majjhe nipannamakkaṭako viya cittaṃ. Pāṇakādīhi suttaghaṭṭanakālo viya ārammaṇena pasādassa ghaṭṭitakālo. Majjhe nipannamakkaṭakassa calanaṃ viya pasādaghaṭṭanakaṃ ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgassa āvaṭṭitakālo. Suttānusārena gamanakālo viya vīthicittappavatti. Sīse vijjhitvā <a name="M0.0319"></a> yūsapivanaṃ viya javanassa ārammaṇe javitakālo. Punaāgantvā majjhe nipajjanaṃ viya cittassa hadayavatthumeva nissāya pavattanaṃ.</p>
    1902. 

  1902. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ opammaṃ kiṃ dīpeti? Ārammaṇena pasāde ghaṭṭite pasādavatthukacittato hadayarūpavatthukacittaṃ paṭhamataraṃ uppajjatīti dīpeti. Ekekaṃ ārammaṇaṃ dvīsu dvīsu dvāresu āpāthamāgacchatītipi.</p>
    1903. 

  1903. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Dovāriko’</span>ti<a name="V0.0316"></a>, eko rājā sayanagato niddāyati. Tassa paricārako pāde parimajjanto nisīdi. Badhiradovāriko dvāre ṭhito. Tayo paṭihārā paṭipāṭiyā ṭhitā. Atheko paccantavāsī manusso paṇṇākāraṃ ādāya āgantvā dvāraṃ ākoṭesi. Badhiradovāriko saddaṃ na suṇāti. Pādaparimajjako saññaṃ adāsi. Tāya saññāya dvāraṃ vivaritvā passi. Paṭhamapaṭihāro paṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā dutiyassa adāsi, dutiyo tatiyassa, tatiyo rañño. Rājā paribhuñji.</p>
    1904. 

  1904. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P0.0280"></a> so rājā viya javanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Pādaparimajjako viya āvajjanaṃ. Badhiradovāriko viya cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tayo paṭihārā viya sampaṭicchanādīni tīṇi vīthicittāni. Paccantavāsino paṇṇākāraṃ ādāya āgantvā dvārākoṭanaṃ viya ārammaṇassa pasādaghaṭṭanaṃ. Pādaparimajjakena saññāya dinnakālo viya kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgassa āvaṭṭitakālo. Tena dinnasaññāya badhiradovārikassa dvāravivaraṇakālo viya cakkhuviññāṇassa ārammaṇe dassanakiccasādhanakālo. Paṭhamapaṭihārena paṇṇākārassa gahitakālo viya vipākamanodhātuyā ārammaṇassa sampaṭicchitakālo. Paṭhamena dutiyassa dinnakālo viya vipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa santīraṇakālo. Dutiyena tatiyassa dinnakālo viya kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa vavatthāpitakālo. Tatiyena rañño dinnakālo viya voṭṭhabbanena javanassa niyyāditakālo. Rañño paribhogakālo viya javanassa ārammaṇarasānubhavanakālo.</p>
    1905. 

  1905. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ opammaṃ kiṃ dīpeti? Ārammaṇassa pasādaghaṭṭamattanameva kiccaṃ, kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgāvaṭṭanamattameva, cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ dassanasampaṭicchanasantīraṇavavatthāpanamattāneva kiccāni. Ekantena pana javanameva ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhotīti dīpeti.</p>
    1906. 

  1906. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Gāmillo’</span>ti<a name="M0.0320"></a>, sambahulā gāmadārakā antaravīthiyaṃ paṃsukīḷaṃ kīḷanti. Tatthekassa hatthe kahāpaṇo paṭihaññi. So ‘mayhaṃ hatthe paṭihataṃ, kiṃ nu kho eta’nti āha. Atheko ‘paṇḍaraṃ eta’nti āha. Aparo saha paṃsunā gāḷhaṃ gaṇhi. Añño ‘puthulaṃ caturassaṃ eta’nti āha. Aparo ‘kahāpaṇo eso’ti āha. Atha naṃ āharitvā mātu adāsi. Sā kamme upanesi.</p>
    1907. 

  1907. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0317"></a> sambahulānaṃ dārakānaṃ antaravīthiyaṃ kīḷantānaṃ nisinnakālo viya bhavaṅgacittappavatti daṭṭhabbā. Kahāpaṇassa hatthe paṭihatakālo viya ārammaṇena pasādassa ghaṭṭitakālo. ‘Kiṃ nu kho eta’nti vuttakālo viya taṃ ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅgassa āvaṭṭitakālo. ‘Paṇḍaraṃ eta’nti vuttakālo viya cakkhuviññāṇena dassanakiccassa sādhitakālo. Saha paṃsunā gāḷhaṃ gahitakālo viya vipākamanodhātuyā <a name="P0.0281"></a> ārammaṇassa sampaṭicchitakālo. ‘Puthulaṃ caturassaṃ eta’nti vuttakālo viya vipākamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa santīraṇakālo. ‘Eso kahāpaṇo’ti vuttakālo viya kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātuyā ārammaṇassa vavatthāpitakālo. Mātarā kamme upanītakālo viya javanassa ārammaṇarasānubhavanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1908. 

  1908. <p class="bodytext">Idaṃ opammaṃ kiṃ dīpeti? Kiriyamanodhātu adisvāva bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭeti, vipākamanodhātu adisvāva sampaṭicchati, vipākamanoviññāṇadhātu adisvāva santīreti, kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātu adisvāva vavatthāpeti, javanaṃ adisvāva ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhoti. Ekantena pana cakkhuviññāṇameva dassanakiccaṃ sādhetīti dīpeti.</p>
    1909. 

  1909. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Ambo koliyakena cā’</span>ti, idaṃ heṭṭhā vuttaṃ ambopamañca ucchusālāsāmikopamañca sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
    1910. 

  1910. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Jaccandho pīṭhasappī cā’</span>ti, ubhopi kira te nagaradvāre sālāyaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Tattha pīṭhasappī āha – ‘bho andhaka, kasmā tvaṃ idha sussamāno vicarasi, asuko padeso subhikkho bahvannapāno, kiṃ tattha gantvā sukhena jīvituṃ na vaṭṭatī’ti? ‘Mayhaṃ tāva tayā ācikkhitaṃ, tuyhaṃ pana tattha gantvā sukhena jīvituṃ kiṃ na vaṭṭatī’ti? ‘Mayhaṃ gantuṃ pādā natthī’ti. ‘Mayhampi passituṃ cakkhūni natthī’ti. ‘Yadi evaṃ, tava pādā hontu, mama cakkhūnī’ti ubhopi ‘sādhū’ti <a name="M0.0321"></a> sampaṭicchitvā jaccandho pīṭhasappiṃ khandhaṃ āropesi. So tassa khandhe nisīditvā vāmahatthenassa sīsaṃ parikkhipitvā dakkhiṇahatthena ‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne mūlaṃ āvaritvā ṭhitaṃ, imasmiṃ pāsāṇo, vāmaṃ muñca dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇha, dakkhiṇaṃ muñca vāmaṃ gaṇhā’ti maggaṃ niyametvā ācikkhati. Evaṃ jaccandhassa pādā pīṭhasappissa cakkhūnīti ubhopi sampayogena icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sukhena jīviṃsu.</p>
    1911. 

  1911. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0318"></a> jaccandho viya rūpakāyo, pīṭhasappī viya arūpakāyo. Pīṭhasappinā vinā jaccandhassa disaṃ gantuṃ gamanābhisaṅkhārassa anibbattitakālo <a name="P0.0282"></a> viya rūpassa arūpena vinā ādānagahaṇacopanaṃ pāpetuṃ asamatthatā. Jaccandhena vinā pīṭhasappissa disaṃ gantuṃ gamanābhisaṅkhārassa appavattanaṃ viya pañcavokāre rūpaṃ, vinā arūpassa appavatti. Dvinnampi sampayogena icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā sukhena jīvitakālo viya rūpārūpadhammānaṃ aññamaññayogena sabbakiccesu pavattisambhāvoti. Ayaṃ pañho pañcavokārabhavavasena kathito.</p>
    1912. 

  1912. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Visayaggāho’ cā</span>ti, cakkhu rūpavisayaṃ gaṇhāti. Sotādīni saddādivisaye.</p>
    1913. 

  1913. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Upanissayamatthaso’</span>ti, ‘upanissayato’ ca ‘atthato’ ca. Tattha asambhinnattā cakkhussa, āpāthagatattā rūpānaṃ, ālokasannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha matassāpi cakkhu sambhinnaṃ hoti. Jīvato niruddhampi, pittena vā semhena vā ruhirena vā palibuddhampi, cakkhuviññāṇassa paccayo bhavituṃ asakkontaṃ ‘sambhinnaṃ’ nāma hoti. Sakkontaṃ asambhinnaṃ nāma. Sotādīsupi eseva nayo. Cakkhusmiṃ pana asambhinnepi bahiddhā rūpārammaṇe āpāthaṃ anāgacchante cakkhuviññāṇaṃ nuppajjati. Tasmiṃ pana āpāthaṃ āgacchantepi ālokasannissaye asati nuppajjati. Tasmiṃ santepi kiriyamanodhātuyā bhavaṅge anāvaṭṭite nuppajjati. Āvaṭṭiteyeva uppajjati. Evaṃ uppajjamānaṃ sampayuttadhammehi saddhiṃyeva uppajjati. Iti ime cattāro paccaye labhitvā uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ (ma. ni. 1.306 thokaṃ visadisaṃ).</p>
    1914. 

  1914. <p class="bodytext">Asambhinnattā <a name="M0.0322"></a> sotassa, āpāthagatattā saddānaṃ, ākāsasannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi uppajjati sotaviññāṇaṃ, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha ‘ākāsasannissita’nti ākāsasannissayaṃ laddhāva uppajjati, na vinā tena. Na hi pihitakaṇṇacchiddassa sotaviññāṇaṃ pavattati. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Yathā cettha evaṃ ito paresupi. Visesamattaṃ pana vakkhāma.</p>
    1915. 

  1915. <p class="bodytext">Asambhinnattā ghānassa, āpāthagatattā gandhānaṃ, vāyosannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi <a name="V0.0319"></a> uppajjati ghānaviññāṇaṃ<a name="P0.0283"></a>, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha ‘vāyosannissita’nti ghānabilaṃ vāyumhi pavisanteyeva uppajjati, tasmiṃ asati nuppajjatīti attho.</p>
    1916. 

  1916. <p class="bodytext">Asambhinnattā jivhāya, āpāthagatattā rasānaṃ, āposannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi uppajjati jivhāviññāṇaṃ, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha ‘āposannissita’nti jivhātemanaṃ āpaṃ laddhāva uppajjati, na vinā tena. Sukkhajivhānañhi sukkhakhādanīye jivhāya ṭhapitepi jivhāviññāṇaṃ nuppajjateva.</p>
    1917. 

  1917. <p class="bodytext">Asambhinnattā kāyassa, āpāthagatattā phoṭṭhabbānaṃ, pathavisannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi uppajjati kāyaviññāṇaṃ, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha ‘pathavisannissita’nti kāyapasādapaccayaṃ pathavisannissayaṃ laddhāva uppajjati, na tena vinā. Kāyadvārasmiñhi bahiddhāmahābhūtārammaṇaṃ ajjhattikaṃ kāyapasādaṃ ghaṭṭetvā pasādapaccayesu mahābhūtesu paṭihaññati.</p>
    1918. 

  1918. <p class="bodytext">Asambhinnattā manassa, āpāthagatattā dhammānaṃ, vatthusannissitaṃ, manasikārahetukaṃ catūhi paccayehi uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ, saddhiṃ sampayuttadhammehi. Tattha ‘mano’ti bhavaṅgacittaṃ. Taṃ niruddhampi, āvajjanacittassa paccayo bhavituṃ asamatthaṃ mandathāmagatameva pavattamānampi, sambhinnaṃ nāma hoti. Āvajjanassa pana paccayo bhavituṃ samatthaṃ asambhinnaṃ nāma. ‘Āpāthagatattā dhammāna’nti dhammārammaṇe āpāthagate. ‘Vatthusannissita’nti hadayavatthusannissayaṃ laddhāva uppajjati, na tena vinā. Ayampi pañho pañcavokārabhavaṃ <a name="M0.0323"></a> sandhāya kathito. ‘Manasikārahetuka’nti kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātuyā bhavaṅge āvaṭṭiteyeva uppajjatīti attho. Ayaṃ tāva ‘upanissayamatthaso’ti ettha upanissayavaṇṇanā.</p>
    1919. 

  1919. <p class="bodytext">‘Atthato’ pana cakkhu dassanatthaṃ, sotaṃ savanatthaṃ, ghānaṃ ghāyanatthaṃ, jivhā sāyanatthā, kāyo phusanattho<a name="P0.0284"></a>, mano vijānanattho. Tattha dassanaṃ attho assa. Tañhi tena nipphādetabbanti dassanatthaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ettāvatā <span class="bld">tipiṭakacūḷanāgattheravāde soḷasakamaggo</span> niṭṭhito, saddhiṃ dvādasakamaggena ceva ahetukaṭṭhakena cāti.</p>
    1920. 

  1920. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">moravāpīvāsīmahādattattheravāde dvādasakamaggakathā</span> hoti. Tattha sāketapañhaussadakittanahetukittanāni <a name="V0.0320"></a> pākatikāneva. Ayaṃ pana thero asaṅkhārikasasaṅkhārikesu dosaṃ disvā ‘asaṅkhārikaṃ asaṅkhārikameva vipākaṃ deti, no sasaṅkhārikaṃ; sasaṅkhārikampi sasaṅkhārikameva no asaṅkhārika’nti āha. Javanena cesa cittaniyāmaṃ na katheti. Ārammaṇena pana vedanāniyāmaṃ katheti. Tenassa vipākuddhāre dvādasakamaggo nāma jāto. Dasakamaggopi, ahetukaṭṭhakampi ettheva paviṭṭhaṃ.</p>
    1921. 

  1921. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ nayo – somanassasahagatatihetukaasaṅkhārikacittena hi kamme āyūhite tādiseneva vipākacittena gahitapaṭisandhikassa vuḍḍhippattassa cakkhudvāre ‘iṭṭhārammaṇe’ āpāthagate heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tayo moghavārā honti. Tassa kusalato cattāri somanassasahagatāni, akusalato cattāri, kiriyato pañcāti imesaṃ terasannaṃ cittānaṃ aññatarena javitapariyosāne tadārammaṇaṃ patiṭṭhahamānaṃ somanassasahagataasaṅkhārikatihetukacittampi duhetukacittampi patiṭṭhāti. Evamassa cakkhudvāre cakkhuviññāṇādīni tīṇi, tadārammaṇāni dveti, pañca gaṇanūpagacittāni honti.</p>
    1922. 

  1922. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇena pana vedanaṃ parivattetvā kusalato catunnaṃ, akusalato catunnaṃ, kiriyato catunnanti, dvādasannaṃ upekkhāsahagatacittānaṃ aññatarena javitāvasāne upekkhāsahagatatihetukaasaṅkhārikavipākampi duhetukaasaṅkhārikavipākampi tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā uppajjati. Evamassa cakkhudvāre upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇaṃ, imāni dve tadārammaṇānīti, tīṇi gaṇanūpagacittāni <a name="M0.0324"></a> honti. Tāni purimehi pañcahi saddhiṃ <a name="P0.0285"></a> aṭṭha. Sotadvārādīsupi aṭṭha aṭṭhāti ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite samacattālīsa cittāni uppajjanti. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre aṭṭha, sotaviññāṇādīni cattārīti, dvādasa honti. Tattha ‘mūlabhavaṅgatā’‘āgantukabhavaṅgatā’‘ambopamaniyāmakathā’ ca vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
    1923. 

  1923. <p class="bodytext">Somanassasahagatatihetukasasaṅkhārikakusalacittena kamme āyūhitepi upekkhāsahagatatihetukaasaṅkhārikasasaṅkhārikehi kamme āyūhitepi eseva nayo. Tattha yantopamāpi ettha pākatikā eva. Ettāvatā tihetukakammena tihetukapaṭisandhi hotīti vāro kathito. Tihetukakammena duhetukapaṭisandhi hotīti vāro pana paṭicchanno hutvā gato.</p>
    1924. 

  1924. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="V0.0321"></a> duhetukakammena duhetukapaṭisandhikathā hoti. Somanassasahagataduhetukaasaṅkhārikacittena hi kamme āyūhite tādiseneva vipākacittena gahitapaṭisandhikassa vuḍḍhippattassa cakkhudvāre iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva tayo moghavārā honti. Duhetukassa pana <span class="bld">javanakiriyā</span> natthi. Tasmā kusalato cattāri somanassasahagatāni, akusalato cattārīti imesaṃ aṭṭhannaṃ aññatarena javitapariyosāne duhetukameva somanassasahagataasaṅkhārikaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hoti. Evamassa cakkhuviññāṇādīni tīṇi, idañca tadārammaṇanti, cattāri gaṇanūpagacittāni honti. ‘Iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ pana kusalato upekkhāsahagatānaṃ catunnaṃ, akusalato catunnanti, aṭṭhannaṃ aññatarena javitapariyosāne duhetukameva upekkhāsahagataṃ asaṅkhārikaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ hoti. Evamassa upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇaṃ, idañca tadārammaṇanti, dve gaṇanūpagacittāni honti. Tāni purimehi catūhi saddhiṃ cha. Sotadvārādīsupi cha chāti ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite samatiṃsa cittāni uppajjanti. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre cha, sotaviññāṇādīni cattārīti dasa honti. Ambopamaniyāmakathā pākatikā eva. Yantopamā idha na labbhatīti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1925. 

  1925. <p class="bodytext">Somanassasahagataduhetukasasaṅkhārikakusalacittena <a name="M0.0325"></a><a name="P0.0286"></a> kamme āyūhitepi upekkhāsahagataduhetukaasaṅkhārikasasaṅkhārikehi kamme āyūhitepi eseva nayo. Ettāvatā duhetukakammena duhetukapaṭisandhi hotīti vāro kathito.</p>
    1926. 

  1926. <p class="bodytext">Ahetukapaṭisandhi hotīti vāro pana evaṃ veditabbo – kusalato catūhi ñāṇavippayuttehi kamme āyūhite, kusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātuyā upekkhāsahagatāya paṭisandhiyā gahitāya, kammasadisā paṭisandhīti na vattabbā. Ito paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva kathetvā iṭṭhepi iṭṭhamajjhattepi cittappavatti veditabbā. Imassa hi therassa vāde piṇḍajavanaṃ javati. Sesā idaṃ pana javanaṃ kusalatthāya vā akusalatthāya vā ko niyāmetītiādikathā sabbā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbāti. Ettāvatā moravāpīvāsīmahādattattheravāde dvādasakamaggo niṭṭhito saddhiṃ dasakamaggena ceva ahetukaṭṭhakena ca.</p>
    1927. 

  1927. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <span class="bld">mahādhammarakkhitattheravāde dasakamaggakathā</span> hoti. Tattha sāketapañhaussadakittanāni pākatikāneva. Hetukittane pana ayaṃ viseso. Tihetukakammaṃ tihetukavipākampi duhetukavipākampi <a name="V0.0322"></a> ahetukavipākampi deti. Duhetukakammaṃ tihetukameva na deti, itaraṃ deti. Tihetukakammena paṭisandhi tihetukāva hoti; duhetukāhetukā na hoti. Duhetukakammena duhetukāhetukā hoti, tihetukā na hoti. Asaṅkhārikakammaṃ vipākaṃ asaṅkhārikameva deti, no sasaṅkhārikaṃ. Sasaṅkhārikampi sasaṅkhārikameva deti, no asaṅkhārikaṃ. Ārammaṇena vedanā parivattetabbā. Javanaṃ piṇḍajavanameva javati. Ādito paṭṭhāya cittāni kathetabbāni.</p>
    1928. 

  1928. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ kathā – eko paṭhamakusalacittena kammaṃ āyūhati, paṭhamavipākacitteneva paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhāti. Ayaṃ kammasadisā paṭisandhi. Tassa vuḍḍhippattassa cakkhudvāre ‘iṭṭhārammaṇe’ āpāthagate vuttanayeneva tayo moghavārā honti. Athassa heṭṭhā vuttānaṃ terasannaṃ somanassasahagatajavanānaṃ <a name="P0.0287"></a> aññatarena javitapariyosāne paṭhamavipākacittameva tadārammaṇaṃ <a name="M0.0326"></a> hoti. Taṃ ‘mūlabhavaṅgaṃ’ ‘tadārammaṇa’nti dve nāmāni labhati. Evamassa cakkhuviññāṇādīni tīṇi, idañca tadārammaṇanti, cattāri gaṇanūpagacittāni honti. ‘Iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe’ heṭṭhā vuttānaṃyeva dvādasannaṃ upekkhāsahagatajavanānaṃ aññatarena javitapariyosāne upekkhāsahagataṃ tihetukaṃ asaṅkhārikacittaṃ tadārammaṇatāya pavattati. Taṃ ‘āgantukabhavaṅgaṃ’‘tadārammaṇa’nti dve nāmāni labhati. Evamassa upekkhāsahagatasantīraṇaṃ idañca tadārammaṇanti dve gaṇanūpagacittāni. Tāni purimehi catūhi saddhiṃ cha honti. Evaṃ ekāya cetanāya kamme āyūhite pañcasu dvāresu samatiṃsa cittāni uppajjanti. Aggahitaggahaṇena pana cakkhudvāre cha, sotaviññāṇādīni cattārīti dasa honti. Ambopamaniyāmakathā pākatikāyeva.</p>
    1929. 

  1929. <p class="bodytext">Dutiyatatiyacatutthakusalacittehi kamme āyūhitepi ettakāneva vipākacittāni honti. Catūhi upekkhāsahagatacittehi āyūhitepi eseva nayo. Idha pana paṭhamaṃ iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇaṃ dassetabbaṃ. Pacchā iṭṭhārammaṇena vedanā parivattetabbā. Ambopamaniyāmakathā pākatikā eva. Yantopamā na labbhati. ‘Kusalato pana catunnaṃ ñāṇavippayuttānaṃ aññatarena kamme āyūhite’ti ito paṭṭhāya sabbaṃ vitthāretvā ahetukaṭṭhakaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Ettāvatā mahādhammarakkhitattheravāde dasakamaggo niṭṭhito hoti, saddhiṃ ahetukaṭṭhakenāti.</p>
    1930. 

  1930. <p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ pana tiṇṇaṃ therānaṃ katarassa vādo gahetabboti? Na kassaci ekaṃsena. Sabbesaṃ pana vādesu yuttaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Paṭhamavādasmiñhi sasaṅkhārāsaṅkhāravidhānaṃ paccayabhedato adhippetaṃ. Tenettha<a name="V0.0323"></a>, asaṅkhārikakusalassa dubbalapaccayehi uppannaṃ sasaṅkhārikavipākaṃ, sasaṅkhārikakusalassa balavapaccayehi uppannaṃ asaṅkhārikavipākañca gahetvā, labbhamānānipi kiriyajavanāni pahāya, kusalajavanena tadārammaṇaṃ ārammaṇena ca vedanaṃ <a name="P0.0288"></a> niyāmetvā, sekkhaputhujjanavasena soḷasakamaggo kathito. Yaṃ panettha akusalajavanāvasāne ahetukavipākameva tadārammaṇaṃ dassitaṃ, taṃ itaresu na dassitameva. Tasmā taṃ tattha tesu vuttaṃ sahetukavipākañca, etthāpi sabbamidaṃ labbhateva. Tatrāyaṃ nayo – yadā hi kusalajavanānaṃ antarantarā akusalaṃ javati, tadā kusalāvasāne āciṇṇasadisameva, akusalāvasāne <a name="M0.0327"></a> sahetukaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ yuttaṃ. Yadā nirantaraṃ akusalameva tadā ahetukaṃ. Evaṃ tāva paṭhamavāde yuttaṃ gahetabbaṃ.</p>
    1931. 

  1931. <p class="bodytext">Dutiyavāde pana kusalato sasaṅkhārāsaṅkhāravidhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tenettha asaṅkhārikakusalassa asaṅkhārikameva vipākaṃ, sasaṅkhārikakusalassa ca sasaṅkhārikameva gahetvā, javanena tadārammaṇaniyāmaṃ akatvā, sabbesampi sekkhāsekkhaputhujjanānaṃ uppattiraho piṇḍajavanavaseneva dvādasakamaggo kathito. Tihetukajavanāvasāne panettha tihetukaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ yuttaṃ. Duhetukajavanāvasāne duhetukaṃ, ahetukajavanāvasāne ahetukaṃ bhājetvā pana na vuttaṃ. Evaṃ dutiyavāde yuttaṃ gahetabbaṃ.</p>
    1932. 

  1932. <p class="bodytext">Tatiyavādepi kusalatova asaṅkhārasasaṅkhāravidhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. ‘Tihetukakammaṃ tihetukavipākampi duhetukavipākampi ahetukavipākampi detī’ti pana vacanato asaṅkhārikatihetukapaṭisandhikassa asaṅkhārikaduhetukenapi tadārammaṇena bhavitabbaṃ. Taṃ adassetvā hetusadisameva tadārammaṇaṃ dassitaṃ. Taṃ purimāya hetukittanaladdhiyā na yujjati. Kevalaṃ dasakamaggavibhāvanatthameva vuttaṃ. Itarampi pana labbhateva. Evaṃ tatiyavādepi yuttaṃ gahetabbaṃ. Ayañca sabbāpi paṭisandhijanakasseva kammassa vipākaṃ sandhāya tadārammaṇakathā. ‘Sahetukaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ ahetukassa bhavaṅgassa anantarapaccayena paccayo’ti (paṭṭhā. 3.1.102) vacanato pana nānākammena ahetukapaṭisandhikassāpi sahetukavipākaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ uppajjati. Tassa uppattividhānaṃ mahāpakaraṇe āvi bhavissatīti.</p>
    1933. 

  1933. <p class="centered">Kāmāvacarakusalavipākakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1934. 

  1934. <p class="subhead">Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaravipākakathā</p>
    1935. 

  1935. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para499"></a><span class="paranum">499</span>. Idāni <a name="P0.0289"></a><a name="V0.0324"></a> rūpāvacarādivipākaṃ dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā abyākatā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha yasmā kāmāvacaravipākaṃ attano kusalena sadisampi hoti, asadisampi, tasmā na taṃ kusalānugatikaṃ katvā bhājitaṃ. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaravipākaṃ pana yathā hatthiassapabbatādīnaṃ chāyā hatthiādisadisāva honti, tathā attano kusalasadisameva hotīti kusalānugatikaṃ katvā bhājitaṃ. Kāmāvacarakammañca yadā kadāci <a name="M0.0328"></a> vipākaṃ deti, rūpāvacarārūpāvacaraṃ pana anantarāyena, dutiyasmiṃyeva attabhāve, vipākaṃ detītipi kusalānugatikameva katvā bhājitaṃ. Sesaṃ kusale vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – paṭipadādibhedo ca hīnapaṇītamajjhimabhāvo ca etesu jhānāgamanato veditabbo. Chandādīnaṃ pana aññataraṃ dhuraṃ katvā anuppādanīyattā niradhipatikāneva etānīti.</p>
    1936. 

  1936. <p class="centered">Rūpāvacarārūpāvacaravipākakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1937. 

  1937. <p class="subhead">Lokuttaravipākakathā</p>
    1938. 

  1938. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para505"></a><span class="paranum">505</span>. Lokuttaravipākampi kusalasadisattā kusalānugatikameva katvā bhājitaṃ. Yasmā pana tebhūmakakusalaṃ cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭaṃ ācināti vaḍḍheti, tasmā tattha <span class="bld">katattā upacitattā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Lokuttaraṃ pana tena ācitampi apacināti, sayampi cutipaṭisandhivasena na ācināti, tenettha ‘katattā upacitattā’ti avatvā <span class="bld">katattā bhāvitattā</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    1939. 

  1939. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Suññata</span>ntiādīsu ‘maggo’ tāva ‘āgamanato saguṇato ārammaṇatoti tīhi kāraṇehi nāmaṃ labhatī’ti, idaṃ heṭṭhā kusalādhikāre vitthāritaṃ. Tattha suttantikapariyāyena saguṇatopi ārammaṇatopi nāmaṃ labhati. Pariyāyadesanā hesā. Abhidhammakathā pana nippariyāyadesanā. Tasmā idha saguṇato vā ārammaṇato vā nāmaṃ na labhati, āgamanatova labhati. Āgamanameva hi dhuraṃ. Taṃ duvidhaṃ hoti – vipassanāgamanaṃ maggāgamananti.</p>
    1940. 

  1940. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0325"></a> maggassa āgataṭṭhāne vipassanāgamanaṃ dhuraṃ, phalassa <a name="P0.0290"></a> āgataṭṭhāne maggāgamanaṃ dhuranti, idampi heṭṭhā vuttameva. Tesu idaṃ phalassa āgataṭṭhānaṃ, tasmā idha maggāgamanaṃ dhuranti veditabbaṃ. So panesa maggo āgamanato ‘suññata’nti nāmaṃ labhitvā saguṇato ca ārammaṇato ca ‘animitto’‘appaṇihito’tipi vuccati. Tasmā sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa tīṇi nāmāni deti. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi suddhāgamanavaseneva laddhanāmo ‘suññatamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘suññata’nti nāmaṃ akāsi. ‘Suññataanimittamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘animitta’nti nāmaṃ akāsi. ‘Suññataappaṇihitamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne <a name="M0.0329"></a> ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘appaṇihita’nti nāmaṃ akāsi. Imāni pana tīṇi nāmāni maggānantare phalacittasmiṃyeva iminā nayena labbhanti, no aparabhāge vaḷañjanakaphalasamāpattiyā. Aparabhāge pana aniccatādīhi tīhi vipassanāhi vipassituṃ sakkoti. Athassa vuṭṭhitavuṭṭhitavipassanāvasena animittaappaṇihitasuññatasaṅkhātāni tīṇi phalāni uppajjanti. Tesaṃ tāneva saṅkhārārammaṇāni. Aniccānupassanādīni ñāṇāni anulomañāṇāni nāma honti.</p>
    1941. 

  1941. <p class="bodytext">Yo cāyaṃ suññatamagge vutto. Appaṇihitamaggepi eseva nayo. Ayampi hi suddhāgamanavasena laddhanāmo ‘appaṇihitamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘appaṇihita’nti nāmaṃ akāsi. ‘Appaṇihitaanimittamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘animitta’nti nāmaṃ akāsi. ‘Appaṇihitasuññatamaggo’ sayaṃ āgamanīyaṭṭhāne ṭhatvā attano phalassa nāmaṃ dadamāno ‘suññata’nti nāmaṃ <a name="P0.0291"></a> akāsi. Imānipi tīṇi nāmāni maggānantare phalacittasmiṃyeva iminā nayena labbhanti, na aparabhāge vaḷañjanakaphalasamāpattiyāti. Evaṃ imasmiṃ vipākaniddese kusalacittehi tiguṇāni vipākacittāni veditabbāni.</p>
    1942. 

  1942. <p class="bodytext">Yathā pana tebhūmakakusalāni attano vipākaṃ adhipatiṃ labhāpetuṃ na sakkonti, na evaṃ lokuttarakusalāni. Kasmā? Tebhūmakakusalānañhi añño āyūhanakālo añño vipaccanakālo. Tena tāni attano vipākaṃ adhipatiṃ labhāpetuṃ na sakkonti. Lokuttarāni pana tāya saddhāya, tasmiṃ vīriye, tāya satiyā, tasmiṃ samādhimhi, tāya paññāya avūpasantāya<a name="V0.0326"></a>, apaṇṇakaṃ aviraddhaṃ maggānantarameva vipākaṃ paṭilabhanti, tena attano vipākaṃ adhipatiṃ labhāpetuṃ sakkonti.</p>
    1943. 

  1943. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi parittakassa aggino gataṭṭhāne aggismiṃ nibbutamatteyeva uṇhākāro nibbāyitvā kiñci na hoti, mahantaṃ pana ādittaṃ aggikkhandhaṃ nibbāpetvā <a name="M0.0330"></a> gomayaparibhaṇḍe katepi uṇhākāro avūpasantova hoti, evameva tebhūmakakusale añño kammakkhaṇo añño vipākakkhaṇo parittaaggiṭṭhāne uṇhabhāvanibbutakālo viya hoti. Tasmā taṃ attano vipākaṃ adhipatiṃ labhāpetuṃ na sakkoti. Lokuttare pana tāya saddhāya…pe… tāya paññāya avūpasantāya, maggānantarameva phalaṃ uppajjati, tasmā taṃ attano vipākaṃ adhipatiṃ labhāpetīti veditabbaṃ. Tenāhu porāṇā – ‘vipāke adhipati natthi ṭhapetvā lokuttara’nti.</p>
    1944. 

  1944. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para555"></a><span class="paranum">555</span>. Catutthaphalaniddese <span class="bld">aññātāvindriya</span>nti aññātāvino catūsu saccesu niṭṭhitañāṇakiccassa indriyaṃ, aññātāvīnaṃ vā catūsu saccesu niṭṭhitakiccānaṃ cattāri saccāni ñatvā paṭivijjhitvā ṭhitānaṃ dhammānaṃ abbhantare <a name="P0.0292"></a> indaṭṭhasādhanena indriyaṃ. Niddesavārepissa <span class="bld">aññātāvīna</span>nti ājānitvā ṭhitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammāna</span>nti sampayuttadhammānaṃ abbhantare. <span class="bld">Aññā</span>ti ājānanā, <span class="bld">paññā pajānanā</span>tiādīni vuttatthāneva. <span class="bld">Maggaṅgaṃ maggapariyāpanna</span>nti phalamaggassa aṅgaṃ, phalamagge ca pariyāpannanti attho.</p>
    1945. 

  1945. <p class="bodytext">Apicettha idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ – ekaṃ indriyaṃ ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati, ekaṃ cha ṭhānāni gacchati, ekaṃ ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati. Ekañhi ‘anaññātaññassāmītindriyaṃ’ ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati sotāpattimaggaṃ. Ekaṃ ‘aññindriyaṃ’ heṭṭhā tīṇi phalāni, upari tayo maggeti cha ṭhānāni gacchati. Ekaṃ ‘aññātāvindriyaṃ’ ekaṃ ṭhānaṃ gacchati arahattaphalaṃ. Sabbesupi maggaphalesu atthato aṭṭha aṭṭha indriyānīti catusaṭṭhi lokuttarindriyāni kathitāni. Pāḷito pana nava nava katvā dvāsattati honti. Magge maggaṅganti vuttaṃ. Phalepi maggaṅgaṃ. Magge bojjhaṅgoti vutto phalepi bojjhaṅgo. Maggakkhaṇe ārati viratīti vuttā phalakkhaṇepi ārati viratīti. Tattha maggo maggabhāveneva maggo, phalaṃ pana maggaṃ upādāya maggo nāma; phalaṅgaṃ phalapariyāpannanti vattumpi vaṭṭati. Magge bujjhanakassa aṅgoti sambojjhaṅgo, phale buddhassa <a name="V0.0327"></a> aṅgoti sambojjhaṅgo. Magge āramaṇaviramaṇavaseneva ārati virati. Phale pana ārativirativasenāti.</p>
    1946. 

  1946. <p class="centered">Lokuttaravipākakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1947. 

  1947. <p class="subhead">Akusalavipākakathā</p>
    1948. 

  1948. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para556"></a><span class="paranum">556</span>. Ito <a name="M0.0331"></a> parāni akusalavipākāni – pañca cakkhusotaghānajivhākāyaviññāṇāni, ekā manodhātu, ekā manoviññāṇadhātūti imāni satta cittāni – pāḷito ca atthato ca heṭṭhā vuttehi tādiseheva kusalavipākacittehi sadisāni.</p>
    1949. 

  1949. <p class="bodytext">Kevalañhi tāni kusalakammapaccayāni imāni akusalakammapaccayāni. Tāni ca iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattesu ārammaṇesu vattanti, imāni aniṭṭhaaniṭṭhamajjhattesu. Tattha ca sukhasahagataṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ, idha dukkhasahagataṃ<a name="P0.0293"></a>. Tattha ca upekkhāsahagatā manoviññāṇadhātu manussesu jaccandhādīnaṃ paṭisandhiṃ ādiṃ katvā pañcasu ṭhānesu vipaccati. Idha pana ekādasavidhenāpi akusalacittena kamme āyūhite kammakammanimittagatinimittesu aññataraṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā catūsu apāyesu paṭisandhi hutvā vipaccati; dutiyavārato paṭṭhāya yāvatāyukaṃ bhavaṅgaṃ hutvā, aniṭṭhaaniṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇāya pañcaviññāṇavīthiyā santīraṇaṃ hutvā, balavārammaṇe chasu dvāresu tadārammaṇaṃ hutvā, maraṇakāle cuti hutvāti, evaṃ pañcasu eva ṭhānesu vipaccatīti.</p>
    1950. 

  1950. <p class="centered">Akusalavipākakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1951. 

  1951. <p class="title">Kiriyābyākatavaṇṇanā</p>
    1952. 

  1952. <p class="subhead">Manodhātucittaṃ</p>
    1953. 

  1953. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para566"></a><span class="paranum">566</span>. Idāni <a name="V0.0328"></a> kiriyābyākataṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā abyākatā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kiriyā</span>ti karaṇamattaṃ. Sabbesuyeva hi kiriyacittesu yaṃ javanabhāvaṃ appattaṃ taṃ vātapupphaṃ viya. Yaṃ javanabhāvappattaṃ taṃ chinnamūlakarukkhapupphaṃ viya aphalaṃ hoti, taṃtaṃ kiccasādhanavasena pavattattā pana karaṇamattameva hoti. Tasmā kiriyāti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nevakusalānākusalā</span>tiādīsu kusalamūlasaṅkhātassa kusalahetuno abhāvā ‘nevakusalā’; akusalamūlasaṅkhātassa akusalahetuno abhāvā ‘nevaakusalā’; yonisomanasikāraayonisomanasikārasaṅkhātānampi <a name="M0.0332"></a> kusalākusalapaccayānaṃ abhāvā <span class="bld">‘nevakusalānākusalā’</span>. Kusalākusalasaṅkhātassa janakahetuno abhāvā <span class="bld">nevakammavipākā</span>.</p>
    1954. 

  1954. <p class="bodytext">Idhāpi cittassekaggatāniddese pavattiṭṭhitimattameva labbhati. Dve pañcaviññāṇāni, tisso manodhātuyo, tisso manoviññāṇadhātuyo, vicikicchāsahagatanti imesu sattarasasu cittesu dubbalattā saṇṭhiti avaṭṭhitiādīni na labbhanti. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ vipākamanodhātuniddese vuttanayeneva <a name="P0.0294"></a> veditabbaṃ, aññatra uppattiṭṭhānā. Tañhi cittaṃ pañcaviññāṇānantaraṃ uppajjati. Idaṃ pana pañcadvāre vaḷañjanakappavattikāle sabbesaṃ pure uppajjati. Kathaṃ? Cakkhudvāre tāva iṭṭhaiṭṭhamajjhattaaniṭṭhaaniṭṭhamajjhattesu rūpārammaṇesu yena kenaci pasāde ghaṭṭite taṃ ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā āvajjanavasena purecārikaṃ hutvā bhavaṅgaṃ āvaṭṭayamānaṃ uppajjati. Sotadvārādīsupi eseva nayoti.</p>
    1955. 

  1955. <p class="centered">Kiriyamanodhātucittaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
    1956. 

  1956. <p class="subhead">Kiriyamanoviññāṇadhātucittāni</p>
    1957. 

  1957. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para568"></a><span class="paranum">568</span>. <span class="bld">Manoviññāṇadhātu</span> <a name="V0.0329"></a> <span class="bld">uppannā hoti…pe… somanassasahagatā</span>ti, idaṃ cittaṃ aññesaṃ asādhāraṇaṃ. Khīṇāsavasseva pāṭipuggalikaṃ. Chasu dvāresu labbhati. Cakkhudvāre hi padhānasāruppaṃ ṭhānaṃ disvā khīṇāsavo iminā cittena somanassito hoti. Sotadvāre bhaṇḍabhājanīyaṭṭhānaṃ patvā mahāsaddaṃ katvā luddhaluddhesu gaṇhantesu ‘evarūpā nāma me loluppataṇhā pahīnā’ti iminā cittena somanassito hoti. Ghānadvāre gandhehi vā pupphehi vā cetiyaṃ pūjento iminā cittena somanassito hoti. Jivhādvāre rasasampannaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ laddhā bhājetvā paribhuñjanto ‘sāraṇīyadhammo vata me pūrito’ti iminā cittena somanassito hoti. Kāyadvāre abhisamācārikavattaṃ karonto ‘kāyadvāre me vattaṃ pūrita’nti iminā cittena somanassito hoti. Evaṃ tāva pañcadvāre labbhati.</p>
    1958. 

  1958. <p class="bodytext">Manodvāre <a name="M0.0333"></a> pana atītānāgatamārabbha uppajjati. Jotipālamāṇava(ma. ni. 2.282 ādayo) magghadevarāja(ma. ni. 2.308 ādayo) kaṇhatāpasādikālasmiñhi (jā. 1.10.11 ādayo) kataṃ kāraṇaṃ āvajjetvā tathāgato sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Taṃ pana pubbenivāsañāṇasabbaññutaññāṇānaṃ kiccaṃ. Tesaṃ pana dvinnaṃ ñāṇānaṃ ciṇṇapariyante idaṃ cittaṃ hāsayamānaṃ uppajjati. Anāgate ‘tantissaro mudiṅgassaro <a name="P0.0295"></a> paccekabuddho bhavissatī’ti sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Tampi anāgataṃsañāṇasabbaññutaññāṇānaṃ kiccaṃ. Tesaṃ pana dvinna ñāṇānaṃ ciṇṇapariyante idaṃ cittaṃ hāsayamānaṃ uppajjati.</p>
    1959. 

  1959. <p class="bodytext">Niddesavāre panassa sesaahetukacittehi balavataratāya cittekaggatā samādhibalaṃ pāpetvā ṭhapitā. Vīriyampi vīriyabalaṃ pāpetvā. Uddesavāre pana ‘samādhibalaṃ hoti vīriyabalaṃ hotī’ti anāgatattā paripuṇṇena balaṭṭhenetaṃ dvayaṃ balaṃ nāma na hoti. Yasmā pana ‘neva kusalaṃ nākusalaṃ’ tasmā balanti vatvāna ṭhapitaṃ. Yasmā ca na nippariyāyena balaṃ, tasmā saṅgahavārepi ‘dve balāni hontī’ti na vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ somanassasahagatāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātuniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    1960. 

  1960. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para574"></a><span class="paranum">574</span>. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsahagatā</span>ti idaṃ cittaṃ tīsu bhavesu sabbesaṃ sacittakasattānaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ, na <a name="V0.0330"></a> kassaci sacittakassa nuppajjati nāma. Uppajjamānaṃ pana pañcadvāre voṭṭhabbanaṃ hoti, manodvāre āvajjanaṃ. Cha asādhāraṇañāṇānipi iminā gahitārammaṇameva gaṇhanti. Mahāgajaṃ nāmetaṃ cittaṃ; imassa anārammaṇaṃ nāma natthi. ‘Asabbaññutaññāṇaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇagatikaṃ nāma katama’nti vutte ‘ida’nti vattabbaṃ. Sesamettha purimacitte vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Kevalañhi tattha sappītikattā navaṅgiko saṅkhārakkhandho vibhatto. Idha nippītikattā aṭṭhaṅgiko.</p>
    1961. 

  1961. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0334"></a> yāni kusalato aṭṭha mahācittāneva khīṇāsavassa uppajjanatāya kiriyāni jātāni, tasmā tāni kusalaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.</p>
    1962. 

  1962. <p class="bodytext">Idha ṭhatvā hasanakacittāni samodhānetabbāni. Kati panetāni hontīti? Vuccate terasa. Puthujjanā hi kusalato catūhi somanassasahagatehi, akusalato catūhīti, aṭṭhahi cittehi hasanti. Sekkhā kusalato catūhi somanassasahagatehi, akusalato dvīhi diṭṭhigatavippayuttehi somanassasahagatehīti, chahi cittehi hasanti. Khīṇāsavā kiriyato pañcahi somanassasahagatehi hasantīti.</p>
    1963. 

  1963. <p class="subhead">Rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakiriyaṃ</p>
    1964. 

  1964. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para577"></a><span class="paranum">577</span>. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakiriyaniddesesu <a name="P0.0296"></a> <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāra</span>nti diṭṭhadhamme, imasmiṃyeva attabhāve, sukhavihāramattaṃ. Tattha khīṇāsavassa puthujjanakāle nibbattitā samāpatti yāva na naṃ samāpajjati tāva kusalāva samāpannakāle kiriyā hoti. Khīṇāsavakāle panassa nibbattitā samāpatti kiriyāva hoti. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ taṃsadisattā kusalaniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbanti.</p>
    1965. 

  1965. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasāliniyā dhammasaṅgahaaṭṭhakathāya</p>
    1966. 

  1966. <p class="centered">Cittuppādakaṇḍakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1967. 

  1967. <p class="centered">Abyākatapadaṃ pana neva tāva niṭṭhitanti.</p>
    1968. 

  1968. <p class="centered">Cittuppādakaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    1969. 

  1969. <p class="chapter">2. Rūpakaṇḍo</p>
    1970. 

  1970. <p class="title">Uddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    1971. 

  1971. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="M0.0335"></a><a name="V0.0331"></a> rūpakaṇḍaṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ puna <span class="bld">katame dhammā abyākatā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Tattha kiñcāpi heṭṭhā cittuppādakaṇḍe vipākābyākatañceva kiriyābyākatañca nissesaṃ katvā bhājitaṃ, rūpābyākatanibbānābyākatāni pana akathitāni, tāni kathetuṃ catubbidhampi abyākataṃ samodhānetvā dassento <span class="bld">kusalākusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ vipākā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kusalākusalāna</span>nti catubhūmakakusalānañceva akusalānañca. Evaṃ tāva vipākābyākataṃ kusalavipākākusalavipākavasena dvīhi padehi pariyādiyitvā dassitaṃ. Yasmā pana taṃ sabbampi kāmāvacaraṃ vā hoti, rūpāvacarādīsu vā aññataraṃ, tasmā <span class="bld">‘kāmāvacarā’</span>tiādinā nayena tadeva vipākābyākataṃ bhūmantaravasena pariyādiyitvā dassitaṃ. Yasmā pana taṃ vedanākkhandhopi hoti…pe… viññāṇakkhandhopi, tasmā puna sampayuttacatukkhandhavasena pariyādiyitvā dassitaṃ.</p>
    1972. 

  1972. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vipākābyākataṃ kusalākusalavasena bhūmantaravasena sampayuttakkhandhavasenāti tīhi nayehi pariyādāya dassetvā, puna kiriyābyākataṃ <a name="P0.0297"></a> dassento <span class="bld">ye ca dhammā kiriyā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ‘kāmāvacarā rūpāvacarā arūpāvacarā vedanākkhandho…pe… viññāṇakkhandho’ti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya. Heṭṭhā pana gahitamevāti nayaṃ dassetvā nissajjitaṃ. Idāni avibhattaṃ dassento <span class="bld">sabbañca rūpaṃ asaṅkhatā ca dhātū</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">‘sabbañca rūpa’</span>nti padena pañcavīsati rūpāni channavutirūpakoṭṭhāsā nippadesato gahitāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">‘Asaṅkhatā ca</span> <a name="V0.0332"></a> <span class="bld">dhātū’</span>ti padena nibbānaṃ nippadesato gahitanti. Ettāvatā <span class="bld">‘abyākatā dhammā’</span>ti padaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ hoti.</p>
    1973. 

  1973. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para584"></a><span class="paranum">584</span>. <span class="bld">Tattha katamaṃ sabbaṃ rūpa</span>nti idaṃ kasmā gahitaṃ? Heṭṭhā rūpābyākataṃ saṅkhepena kathitaṃ. Idāni taṃ ekakadukatikacatukka…pe… ekādasakavasena vitthārato bhājetvā dassetuṃ idaṃ gahitaṃ. Tassattho – yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘sabbañca rūpaṃ, asaṅkhatā ca dhātū’ti, tasmiṃ padadvaye ‘katamaṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ nāma’? Idāni taṃ dassento <span class="bld">cattāro ca mahābhūtā</span>tiādimāha<a name="M0.0336"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. Tena tesaṃ ūnādhikabhāvaṃ nivāreti. ‘Ca’-saddo sampiṇḍanattho. Tena na kevalaṃ ‘cattāro mahābhūtāva’ rūpaṃ, aññampi atthīti ‘upādārūpaṃ’ sampiṇḍeti.</p>
    1974. 

  1974. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahābhūtā</span>ti ettha mahantapātubhāvādīhi kāraṇehi mahābhūtatā veditabbā. Etāni hi mahantapātubhāvato, mahābhūtasāmaññato, mahāparihārato, mahāvikārato, mahantabhūtattā cāti imehi kāraṇehi mahābhūtānīti vuccanti. Tattha <span class="bld">‘mahantapātubhāvato’</span>ti, etāni hi anupādinnakasantānepi upādinnakasantānepi mahantāni pātubhūtāni. Tesaṃ anupādinnakasantāne evaṃ mahantapātubhāvatā veditabbā – ekañhi cakkavāḷaṃ āyāmato ca vitthārato ca yojanānaṃ dvādasa satasahassāni tīṇi sahassāni cattāri satāni paññāsañca yojanāni. Parikkhepato –</p>
    1975. 

  1975. <p class="gatha1">Sabbaṃ <a name="P0.0298"></a> satasahassāni, chattiṃsa parimaṇḍalaṃ;</p>
    1976. 

  1976. <p class="gathalast">Dasa ceva sahassāni, aḍḍhuḍḍhāni satāni ca. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.1; visuddhi. 1.137);</p>
    1977. 

  1977. <p class="bodytext">Tattha –</p>
    1978. 

  1978. <p class="gatha1">Duve satasahassāni, cattāri nahutāni ca;</p>
    1979. 

  1979. <p class="gathalast">Ettakaṃ bahalattena, saṅkhātāyaṃ vasundharā. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.1; visuddhi. 1.137);</p>
    1980. 

  1980. <p class="bodytext">Tassāyeva sandhārakaṃ –</p>
    1981. 

  1981. <p class="gatha1">Cattāri <a name="V0.0333"></a> satasahassāni, aṭṭheva nahutāni ca;</p>
    1982. 

  1982. <p class="gathalast">Ettakaṃ bahalattena, jalaṃ vāte patiṭṭhitaṃ.</p>
    1983. 

  1983. <p class="bodytext">Tassāpi sandhārako –</p>
    1984. 

  1984. <p class="gatha1">Navasatasahassāni, māluto nabhamuggato;</p>
    1985. 

  1985. <p class="gathalast">Saṭṭhi ceva sahassāni, esā lokassa saṇṭhiti.</p>
    1986. 

  1986. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṇṭhite cettha yojanānaṃ –</p>
    1987. 

  1987. <p class="gatha1">Caturāsītisahassāni, ajjhogāḷho mahaṇṇave;</p>
    1988. 

  1988. <p class="gathalast">Accuggato tāvadeva, sineru pabbatuttamo.</p>
    1989. 

  1989. <p class="gatha1">Tato <a name="M0.0337"></a> upaḍḍhupaḍḍhena, pamāṇena yathākkamaṃ;</p>
    1990. 

  1990. <p class="gathalast">Ajjhogāḷhuggatā dibbā, nānāratanacittitā.</p>
    1991. 

  1991. <p class="gatha1">Yugandharo īsadharo, karavīko sudassano;</p>
    1992. 

  1992. <p class="gathalast">Nemindharo vinatako, assakaṇṇo giri brahā.</p>
    1993. 

  1993. <p class="gatha1">Ete satta mahāselā, sinerussa samantato;</p>
    1994. 

  1994. <p class="gathalast">Mahārājānamāvāsā devayakkhanisevitā.</p>
    1995. 

  1995. <p class="gatha1">Yojanānaṃ satānucco, himavā pañca pabbato;</p>
    1996. 

  1996. <p class="gatha2">Yojanānaṃ sahassāni, tīṇi āyatavitthato;</p>
    1997. 

  1997. <p class="gathalast">Caturāsītisahassehi, kūṭehi paṭimaṇḍito.</p>
    1998. 

  1998. <p class="gatha1">Tipañcayojanakkhandhaparikkhepā nagavhayā;</p>
    1999. 

  1999. <p class="gathalast">Paññāsayojanakkhandhasākhāyāmā samantato.</p>
    2000. 

  2000. <p class="gatha1">Satayojanavitthiṇṇā<a name="V0.0334"></a>, tāvadeva ca uggatā;</p>
    2001. 

  2001. <p class="gathalast">Jambū yassānubhāvena, jambudīpo pakāsito. (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.1; visuddhi. 1.137);</p>
    2002. 

  2002. <p class="bodytext">Yañcetaṃ jambuyā pamāṇaṃ tadeva asurānaṃ cittapāṭaliyā, garuḷānaṃ simbalirukkhassa, aparagoyāne kadambarukkhassa, uttarakurumhi kapparukkhassa, pubbavidehe sirīsassa, tāvatiṃsesu pāricchattakassāti. Tenāhu <a name="P0.0299"></a> porāṇā –</p>
    2003. 

  2003. <p class="gatha1">Pāṭalī simbalī jambū, devānaṃ pāricchattako;</p>
    2004. 

  2004. <p class="gathalast">Kadambo kapparukkho ca, sirīsena bhavati sattamanti.</p>
    2005. 

  2005. <p class="gatha1">Dveasītisahassāni, ajjhogāḷho mahaṇṇave;</p>
    2006. 

  2006. <p class="gatha2">Uaccuggato tāvadeva, cakkavāḷasiluccayo;</p>
    2007. 

  2007. <p class="gathalast">Parikkhipitvā taṃ sabbaṃ, lokadhātumayaṃ ṭhitoti.</p>
    2008. 

  2008. <p class="bodytext">Upādinnakasantānepi macchakacchapadevadānavādisarīravasena mahantāneva pātubhūtāni. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘santi, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde yojanasatikāpi attabhāvāti’’ādi.</p>
    2009. 

  2009. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mahābhūtasāmaññato’</span>ti <a name="M0.0338"></a> etāni hi yathā māyākāro amaṇiṃyeva udakaṃ maṇiṃ katvā dasseti, asuvaṇṇaṃyeva leḍḍuṃ suvaṇṇaṃ katvā dasseti, yathā ca sayaṃ neva yakkho na pakkhī samāno yakkhabhāvampi pakkhibhāvampi dasseti, evameva sayaṃ anīlāneva hutvā nīlaṃ upādārūpaṃ dassenti, apītāni… alohitāni… anodātāneva hutvā odātaṃ upādārūpaṃ dassentīti māyākāramahābhūtasāmaññato mahābhūtāni. Yathā ca yakkhādīni mahābhūtāni yaṃ gaṇhanti neva tesaṃ tassa anto na bahiṭhānaṃ upalabbhati, na ca taṃ nissāya na tiṭṭhanti, evameva etānipi neva aññamaññassa anto na bahi ṭhitāni hutvā upalabbhanti, na ca aññamaññaṃ nissāya na tiṭṭhantīti. Acinteyyaṭṭhānatāya yakkhādimahābhūtasāmaññatopi mahābhūtāni.</p>
    2010. 

  2010. <p class="bodytext">Yathā ca yakkhinīsaṅkhātāni mahābhūtāni manāpehi vaṇṇasaṇṭhānavikkhepehi attano bhayānakabhāvaṃ <a name="V0.0335"></a> paṭicchādetvā satte vañcenti, evameva etānipi itthipurisasarīrādīsu manāpena chavivaṇṇena, manāpena aṅgapaccaṅgasaṇṭhānena, manāpena ca hatthapādaṅgulibhamukavikkhepena attano kakkhaḷatādibhedaṃ sarasalakkhaṇaṃ paṭicchādetvā bālajanaṃ vañcenti, attano sabhāvaṃ daṭṭhuṃ na denti. Iti vañcakaṭṭhena yakkhinīmahābhūtasāmaññatopi mahābhūtāni.</p>
    2011. 

  2011. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mahāparihārato’</span>ti <a name="P0.0300"></a> mahantehi paccayehi pariharitabbato. Etāni hi divase divase upanetabbattā mahantehi ghāsacchādanādīhi bhūtāni pavattānīti mahābhūtāni. Mahāparihārāni vā bhūtānīti mahābhūtāni.</p>
    2012. 

  2012. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mahāvikārato’</span>ti bhūtānaṃ mahāvikārato. Etāni hi upādiṇṇānipi anupādiṇṇānipi mahāvikārāni honti. Tattha anupādiṇṇānaṃ kappavuṭṭhāne vikāramahattaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, upādiṇṇānaṃ dhātukkhobhakāle. Tathā hi –</p>
    2013. 

  2013. <p class="gatha1">Bhūmito vuṭṭhitā yāva, brahmalokā vidhāvati;</p>
    2014. 

  2014. <p class="gathalast">Acci accimato loke, dayhamānamhi tejasā.</p>
    2015. 

  2015. <p class="gatha1">Koṭisatasahassekaṃ, cakkavāḷaṃ vilīyati;</p>
    2016. 

  2016. <p class="gathalast">Kupitena yadā loko, salilena vinassati.</p>
    2017. 

  2017. <p class="gatha1">Koṭisatasahassekaṃ<a name="M0.0339"></a>, cakkavāḷaṃ vikīrati;</p>
    2018. 

  2018. <p class="gathalast">Vāyodhātuppakopena, yadā loko vinassati.</p>
    2019. 

  2019. <p class="gatha1">Patthaddho bhavati kāyo, daṭṭho kaṭṭhamukhena vā;</p>
    2020. 

  2020. <p class="gathalast">Pathavīdhātuppakopena, hoti kaṭṭhamukheva so.</p>
    2021. 

  2021. <p class="gatha1">Pūtiyo bhavati kāyo, daṭṭho pūtimukhena vā;</p>
    2022. 

  2022. <p class="gathalast">Āpodhātuppakopena, hoti pūtimukheva so.</p>
    2023. 

  2023. <p class="gatha1">Santatto <a name="V0.0336"></a> bhavati kāyo, daṭṭho aggimukhena vā;</p>
    2024. 

  2024. <p class="gathalast">Tejodhātuppakopena, hoti aggimukheva so.</p>
    2025. 

  2025. <p class="gatha1">Sañchinno bhavati kāyo, daṭṭho satthamukhena vā;</p>
    2026. 

  2026. <p class="gathalast">Vāyodhātuppakopena, hoti satthamukheva so. (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 3.4.238);</p>
    2027. 

  2027. <p class="bodytext">Iti mahāvikārāni bhūtānīti mahābhūtāni.</p>
    2028. 

  2028. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Mahantabhūtattā cā’</span>ti etāni hi mahantāni mahatā vāyāmena pariggahetabbattā, bhūtāni vijjamānattāti, mahantabhūtattā ca mahābhūtāni. Evaṃ mahantapātubhāvādīhi kāraṇehi mahābhūtāni.</p>
    2029. 

  2029. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya rūpa</span>nti upayogatthe sāmivacanaṃ. Cattāri mahābhūtāni upādāya, nissāya, amuñcitvā pavattarūpanti attho. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccati sabbaṃ rūpa</span>nti idaṃ cattāri mahābhūtāni, padapaṭipāṭiyā niddiṭṭhāni tevīsati upādārūpānīti, sattavīsatippabhedaṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ nāma.</p>
    2030. 

  2030. <p class="subhead">Ekavidharūpasaṅgaho</p>
    2031. 

  2031. <p class="bodytext">Idāni <a name="P0.0301"></a> taṃ vitthārato dassetuṃ ekavidhādīhi ekādasahi saṅgahehi mātikaṃ ṭhapento <span class="bld">sabbaṃ rūpaṃ na hetū</span>tiādimāha.</p>
    2032. 

  2032. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘sabbaṃ rūpa’</span>nti idaṃ padaṃ ‘sabbaṃ rūpaṃ na hetu’ ‘sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ahetuka’nti evaṃ sabbapadehi saddhiṃ yojetabbaṃ. Sabbāneva cetāni ‘na hetū’tiādīni tecattālīsapadāni uddiṭṭhāni. Tesu paṭipāṭiyā cattālīsapadāni mātikato gahetvā ṭhapitāni, avasāne tīṇi mātikāmuttakānīti. Evaṃ tāva paṭhame saṅgahe pāḷivavatthānameva veditabbaṃ. Tathā dutiyasaṅgahādīsu.</p>
    2033. 

  2033. <p class="subhead">Duvidharūpasaṅgaho</p>
    2034. 

  2034. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ <a name="M0.0340"></a><a name="V0.0337"></a> nayo – dutiyasaṅgahe tāva sataṃ cattāro ca dukā. Tattha <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ upādā, atthi rūpaṃ noupādā</span>tiādayo ādimhi cuddasa dukā aññamaññasambandhābhāvato pakiṇṇakadukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ cakkhusamphassassa vatthū</span>tiādayo pañcavīsati dukā vatthuavatthuupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā vatthudukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ cakkhusamphassassa ārammaṇa</span>ntiādayo pañcavīsati ārammaṇānārammaṇaupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā ārammaṇadukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ cakkhāyatana</span>nti ādayo dasa āyatanānāyatanaupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā āyatanadukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ cakkhudhātū</span>tiādayo dasa dhātuadhātuupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā dhātudukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ cakkhundriya</span>ntiādayo aṭṭha indriyānindriyaupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā indriyadukā nāma. Tato <span class="bld">atthi rūpaṃ kāyaviññattī</span>tiādayo dvādasa sukhumāsukhumarūpaupaparikkhaṇavasena pavattattā sukhumarūpadukā nāmāti. Idaṃ dutiyasaṅgahe pāḷivavatthānaṃ.</p>
    2035. 

  2035. <p class="subhead">Tividharūpasaṅgaho</p>
    2036. 

  2036. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para585"></a><span class="paranum">585</span>. Tatiyasaṅgahe sataṃ tīṇi ca tikāni. Tattha dutiyasaṅgahe vuttesu cuddasasu pakiṇṇakadukesu ekaṃ ajjhattikadukaṃ sesehi terasahi yojetvā yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ ajjhattikaṃ taṃ upādā; yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ bāhiraṃ taṃ atthi upādā<a name="P0.0302"></a>, atthi noupādātiādinā nayena ṭhapitā terasa pakiṇṇakatikā nāma. Tato tameva dukaṃ sesadukehi saddhiṃ yojetvā yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ bāhiraṃ taṃ cakkhusamphassassa na vatthu, yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ ajjhattikaṃ taṃ atthi cakkhusamphassassa vatthu, atthi cakkhusamphassassa na vatthūtiādinā nayena sesatikā ṭhapitā. Tesaṃ nāmañca gaṇanā ca tesaṃyeva vatthudukādīnaṃ vasena veditabbāti. Idaṃ tatiyasaṅgahe pāḷivavatthānaṃ.</p>
    2037. 

  2037. <p class="subhead">Catubbidhādirūpasaṅgahā</p>
    2038. 

  2038. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para586"></a><span class="paranum">586</span>. Catutthasaṅgahe dvāvīsati catukkā. Tattha sabbapacchimo atthi rūpaṃ upādā atthi rūpaṃ noupādāti evaṃ idha vuttaṃ mātikaṃ anāmasitvā ṭhapito<a name="M0.0341"></a>. Itare pana āmasitvā ṭhapitā. Kathaṃ? Ye tāva idha duvidhasaṅgahe pakiṇṇakesu ādito tayo dukā, tesu ekekaṃ gahetvā <a name="V0.0338"></a> yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ upādā taṃ atthi upādiṇṇaṃ, atthi anupādiṇṇantiādinā nayena pañcahi pañcahi dukehi saddhiṃ yojetvā dukattayamūlakā ādimhi pañcadasa catukkā ṭhapitā.</p>
    2039. 

  2039. <p class="bodytext">Idāni yo yaṃ catukko sanidassanaduko so yasmā yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ taṃ atthi sappaṭighaṃ, atthi appaṭighantiādinā nayena parehi vā, atthi upādā atthi noupādātiādinā nayena purimehi vā, dukehi saddhiṃ atthābhāvato kamābhāvato visesābhāvato ca yogaṃ na gacchati. Sanidassanañhi ‘appaṭighaṃ’ nāma, ‘no upādā’ vā natthīti atthābhāvato yogaṃ na gacchati. ‘Upādiṇṇaṃ pana anupādiṇṇañca atthi taṃ kamābhāvā yogaṃ na gacchati. Sabbadukā hi pacchimapacchimeheva saddhiṃ yojitā. Ayamettha kamo. Purimehi pana saddhiṃ kamābhāvoti. ‘Sati atthe kamābhāvo akāraṇaṃ. Tasmā upādiṇṇapadādīhi saddhiṃ yojetabbo’ti ce – na, visesābhāvā; upādiṇṇapadādīni hi iminā saddhiṃ yojitāni. Tattha ‘upādiṇṇaṃ vā sanidassanaṃ, sanidassanaṃ vā upādiṇṇa’nti vutte viseso natthīti visesābhāvāpi yogaṃ na gacchati. Tasmā taṃ catutthadukaṃ anāmasitvā, tato parehi atthi rūpaṃ sappaṭighantiādīhi tīhi dukehi saddhiṃ ‘yaṃ <a name="P0.0303"></a> taṃ rūpaṃ sappaṭighaṃ taṃ atthi indriyaṃ, atthi na indriyaṃ, yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ appaṭighaṃ taṃ atthi indriyaṃ, atthi na indriya’ntiādinā nayena yujjamāne dve dve duke yojetvā cha catukkā ṭhapitā.</p>
    2040. 

  2040. <p class="bodytext">Yathā cāyaṃ catutthaduko yogaṃ na gacchati, tathā tena saddhiṃ ādidukopi. Kasmā? Anupādārūpassa ekantena anidassanattā. So hi yaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ noupādā taṃ atthi sanidassanaṃ, atthi anidassananti – evaṃ catutthena dukena saddhiṃ yojiyamāno yogaṃ na gacchati. Tasmā taṃ atikkamitvā pañcamena saha yojito. Evaṃ yo yena saddhiṃ yogaṃ gacchati, yo ca na gacchati so veditabboti. Idaṃ catutthasaṅgahe pāḷivavatthānaṃ. Ito pare pana pañcavidhasaṅgahādayo satta saṅgahā asammissā eva. Evaṃ sakalāyapi mātikāya pāḷivavatthānaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2041. 

  2041. <p class="title">Rūpavibhattiekakaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2042. 

  2042. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para594"></a><span class="paranum">594</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0342"></a><a name="V0.0339"></a> tassā atthaṃ bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">sabbaṃ rūpaṃ na hetumevā</span>tiādi āraddhaṃ. Kasmā panettha ‘katamaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ na hetū’ti pucchā na katāti? Bhedābhāvato. Yathā hi dukādīsu ‘upādārūpa’mpi atthi ‘noupādārūpa’mpi, evamidha hetu na hetūtipi sahetukamahetukantipi bhedo natthi, tasmā pucchaṃ akatvāva vibhattaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘sabba’</span>nti sakalaṃ, niravasesaṃ. <span class="bld">‘Rūpa’</span>nti ayamassa sītādīhi ruppanabhāvadīpano sāmaññalakkhaṇaniddeso. <span class="bld">Na hetumevā</span>ti sādhāraṇahetupaṭikkhepaniddeso.</p>
    2043. 

  2043. <p class="bodytext">Tattha hetuhetu paccayahetu uttamahetu sādhāraṇahetūti catubbidho hetu. Tesu ‘tayo kusalahetū, tayo akusalahetū, tayo abyākatahetū’ti (dha. sa. 1059) ayaṃ ‘hetuhetu’ nāma. ‘‘Cattāro kho, bhikkhu, mahābhūtā hetu, cattāro mahābhūtā paccayo rūpakkhandhassa paññāpanāyā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.85; saṃ. ni. 3.82) ayaṃ ‘paccayahetu’ nāma. ‘‘Kusalākusalaṃ attano vipākaṭṭhāne, uttamaṃ iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ kusalavipākaṭṭhāne, uttamaṃ aniṭṭhārammaṇaṃ akusalavipākaṭṭhāne’’ti ayaṃ ‘uttamahetu’ nāma. Yathāha – ‘atītānāgatapaccuppannānaṃ <a name="P0.0304"></a> kammasamādānānaṃ ṭhānaso hetuso vipākaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānātī’ti (ma. ni. 1.148; vibha. 810; pāṭi. ma. 2.44), ‘‘eseva hetu esa paccayo saṅkhārānaṃ yadidaṃ avijjā’’ti avijjā saṅkhārānaṃ sādhāraṇahetu hutvā paccayaṭṭhaṃ pharatīti ayaṃ ‘sādhāraṇahetu’ nāma. Yathā hi pathavīraso āporaso ca madhurassāpi amadhurassāpi paccayo, evaṃ avijjā kusalasaṅkhārānampi akusalasaṅkhārānampi sādhāraṇapaccayo hoti. Imasmiṃ panatthe ‘hetuhetu’ adhippeto. Iti ‘hetū dhammā na hetū dhammā’ti (dha. sa. dukamātikā 1) mātikāya āgataṃ hetubhāvaṃ rūpassa niyametvā paṭikkhipanto <span class="bld">‘na hetumevā’</span>ti āha. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu paṭikkhepaniddeso ca appaṭikkhepaniddeso ca veditabbo. Vacanattho pana sabbapadānaṃ mātikāvaṇṇanāyaṃ vuttoyeva.</p>
    2044. 

  2044. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappaccayamevā</span>ti ettha pana kammasamuṭṭhānaṃ kammapaccayameva hoti, āhārasamuṭṭhānādīni āhārādipaccayānevāti evaṃ rūpasseva vuttacatupaccayavasena <a name="M0.0343"></a> attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Rūpamevā</span>ti ‘rūpino dhammā arūpino dhammā’ti mātikāya vuttaṃ arūpībhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. <span class="bld">Uppannaṃ chahi viññāṇehī</span>ti <a name="V0.0340"></a> paccuppannarūpameva cakkhuviññāṇādīhi chahi veditabbaṃ. Niyāmo pana cakkhuviññāṇādīni sandhāya gahito. Na hi tāni atītānāgataṃ vijānanti. Manoviññāṇaṃ pana atītampi anāgatampi vijānāti. Taṃ imasmiṃ pañcaviññāṇasote patitattā sotapatitameva hutvā gataṃ. Hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena pana <span class="bld">aniccameva</span>. Jarāya abhibhavitabbadhammakattā <span class="bld">jarābhibhūtameva</span>. Yasmā vā rūpakāye jarā pākaṭā hoti, tasmāpi ‘jarābhibhūtamevā’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2045. 

  2045. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ ekavidhena rūpasaṅgaho</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">‘vidhā’-saddo</span> mānasaṇṭhānakoṭṭhāsesu dissati. ‘‘Seyyohamasmīti vidhā, sadisohamasmīti vidhā’’tiādīsu (vibha. 962) hi māno vidhā nāma. ‘‘Kathaṃvidhaṃ sīlavantaṃ vadanti, kathaṃvidhaṃ paññavantaṃ vadantī’’tiādīsu (saṃ. ni. 1.95) saṇṭhānaṃ. ‘Kathaṃvidha’nti <a name="P0.0305"></a> hi padassa kathaṃsaṇṭhānanti attho. ‘‘Ekavidhena ñāṇavatthuṃ duvidhena ñāṇavatthū’’tiādīsu (vibha. 751-752) koṭṭhāso vidhā nāma. Idhāpi koṭṭhāsova adhippeto.</p>
    2046. 

  2046. <p class="bodytext">Saṅgahasaddopi sajātisañjātikiriyāgaṇanavasena catubbidho. Tattha ‘‘sabbe khattiyā āgacchantu, sabbe brāhmaṇā sabbe vessā sabbe suddā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā, yo ca sammākammanto, yo ca sammāājīvo – ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ ‘sajātisaṅgaho’ nāma. ‘Ekajātikā āgacchantū’ti vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbe jātiyā ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Sabbe kosalakā āgacchantu, sabbe māgadhakā, sabbe bhārukacchakā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yo cāvuso visākha, sammāvāyāmo, yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi – ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti ayaṃ ‘sañjātisaṅgaho’ nāma. Ekaṭṭhāne jātā saṃvuddhā āgacchantūti vuttaṭṭhāne viya hi idha sabbe sañjātiṭṭhānena nivutthokāsena ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Sabbe hatthārohā āgacchantu, sabbe assārohā, sabbe rathikā āgacchantu’’, ‘‘yā cāvuso visākha, sammādiṭṭhi, yo ca sammāsaṅkappo – ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462) ayaṃ ‘kiriyāsaṅgaho’ nāma. Sabbeva <a name="M0.0344"></a> hete attano kiriyākaraṇena ekasaṅgahaṃ gatā. ‘‘Cakkhāyatanaṃ katamakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati? Cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati. Hañci cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhagaṇanaṃ gacchati, tena vata re vattabbe – cakkhāyatanaṃ rūpakkhandhena <a name="V0.0341"></a> saṅgahita’’nti (kathā. 471), ayaṃ ‘gaṇanasaṅgaho’ nāma. Ayamidha adhippeto. Ekakoṭṭhāsena rūpagaṇanāti ayañhettha attho. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
    2047. 

  2047. <p class="title">Dukaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2048. 

  2048. <p class="subhead">Upādābhājanīyakathā</p>
    2049. 

  2049. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para595"></a><span class="paranum">595</span>. Idāni duvidhasaṅgahādīsu ‘atthi rūpaṃ upādā, atthi rūpaṃ noupādā’ti evaṃ bhedasabbhāvato pucchāpubbaṅgamaṃ padabhājanaṃ dassento <span class="bld">katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ upādā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha upādiyatīti ‘upādā’; mahābhūtāni gahetvā, amuñcitvā, tāni nissāya pavattatīti attho. Idāni <a name="P0.0306"></a> taṃ pabhedato dassento <span class="bld">cakkhāyatana</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
    2050. 

  2050. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para596"></a><span class="paranum">596</span>. Evaṃ tevīsatividhaṃ upādārūpaṃ saṅkhepato uddisitvā puna tadeva vitthārato niddisanto <span class="bld">katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ cakkhāyatana</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha duvidhaṃ cakkhu – maṃsacakkhu paññācakkhu ca. Etesu ‘buddhacakkhu samantacakkhu ñāṇacakkhu dibbacakkhu dhammacakkhū’ti pañcavidhaṃ paññācakkhu. Tattha ‘‘addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe…pe… duviññāpaye’’ti (ma. ni. 1.283) idaṃ buddhacakkhu nāma. ‘‘Samantacakkhu vuccati sabbaññutaññāṇa’’nti idaṃ samantacakkhu nāma. ‘‘Cakkhuṃ udapādi ñāṇaṃ udapādī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1081; mahāva. 15) idaṃ ñāṇacakkhu nāma. ‘‘Addasaṃ kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, dibbena cakkhunā visuddhenā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.284) idaṃ dibbacakkhu nāma. ‘‘Tasmiṃ yevāsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.395) idaṃ heṭṭhimamaggattayasaṅkhātaṃ ñāṇaṃ dhammacakkhu nāma.</p>
    2051. 

  2051. <p class="bodytext">Maṃsacakkhupi pasādacakkhu sasambhāracakkhūti duvidhaṃ hoti. Tattha yoyaṃ akkhikūpake patiṭṭhito heṭṭhā akkhikūpakaṭṭhikena, upari bhamukaṭṭhikena, ubhato akkhikūṭehi, anto matthaluṅgena, bahiddhā akkhilomehi paricchinno <a name="M0.0345"></a> maṃsapiṇḍo. Saṅkhepato ‘catasso dhātuyo, vaṇṇo gandho raso ojā, sambhavo saṇṭhānaṃ, jīvitaṃ bhāvo kāyapasādo cakkhupasādo’ti cuddasasambhāro. Vitthārato ‘catasso dhātuyo, taṃsannissitavaṇṇagandharasaojāsaṇṭhānasambhavā cā’ti <a name="V0.0342"></a> imāni dasa catusamuṭṭhānikattā cattālīsaṃ honti. Jīvitaṃ bhāvo kāyapasādo cakkhupasādoti cattāri ekantakammasamuṭṭhānānevāti imesaṃ catucattālīsāya <a name="P0.0307"></a> rūpānaṃ vasena catucattālīsasambhāro. Yaṃ loko setaṃ cakkhuṃ puthulaṃ visaṭaṃ vitthiṇṇaṃ ‘cakkhu’nti sañjānanto na cakkhuṃ sañjānāti, vatthuṃ cakkhuto sañjānāti, so maṃsapiṇḍo akkhikūpe patiṭṭhito, nhārusuttakena matthaluṅge ābaddho, yattha setampi atthi, kaṇhampi lohitakampi, pathavīpi āpopi tejopi vāyopi, yaṃ semhūssadattā setaṃ, pittussadattā kaṇhaṃ, ruhirussadattā lohitakaṃ, pathavussadattā patthiṇṇaṃ hoti, āpussadattā paggharati, tejussadattā paridayhati, vāyussadattā sambhamati, idaṃ <span class="bld">sasambhāracakkhu</span> nāma.</p>
    2052. 

  2052. <p class="bodytext">Yo panettha sito ettha paṭibaddho catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo, idaṃ <span class="bld">pasādacakkhu</span> nāma. Tadetaṃ tassa sasambhāracakkhuno setamaṇḍalaparikkhittassa kaṇhamaṇḍalassa majjhe, abhimukhe ṭhitānaṃ sarīrasaṇṭhānuppattidesabhūte diṭṭhimaṇḍale, sattasu picupaṭalesu āsittatelaṃ picupaṭalāni viya, sattakkhipaṭalāni byāpetvā, dhāraṇanhāpanamaṇḍanabījanakiccāhi catūhi dhātīhi khattiyakumāro viya, sandhāraṇaābandhanaparipācanasamudīraṇakiccāhi catūhi dhātūhi katūpakāraṃ, utucittāhārehi upatthambhiyamānaṃ, āyunā anupāliyamānaṃ, vaṇṇagandharasādīhi parivutaṃ, pamāṇato ūkāsiramattaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Vuttampi cetaṃ dhammasenāpatinā –</p>
    2053. 

  2053. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yena cakkhuppasādena, rūpāni manupassati;</p>
    2054. 

  2054. <p class="gathalast">Parittaṃ sukhumaṃ etaṃ, ūkāsirasamūpama’’nti.</p>
    2055. 

  2055. <p class="bodytext">Cakkhu ca taṃ āyatanañcāti <span class="bld">cakkhāyatanaṃ. Yaṃ cakkhu catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo</span>ti idhāpi upayogattheyeva sāmivacanaṃ; cattāri mahābhūtāni <a name="M0.0346"></a> upādiyitvā pavattappasādoti attho. Iminā pasādacakkhumeva gaṇhāti, sesacakkhuṃ paṭikkhipati. Yaṃ pana indriyagocarasutte ‘‘ekaṃ mahābhūtaṃ upādāya <a name="P0.0308"></a> pasādo pathavīdhātuyā tīhi mahābhūtehi saṅgahito āpodhātuyā ca tejodhātuyā ca vāyodhātuyā ca,’’ catuparivattasutte ‘‘dvinnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo pathavīdhātuyā ca āpodhātuyā ca dvīhi mahābhūtehi saṅgahito tejodhātuyā ca vāyodhātuyā cā’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ pariyāyena vuttaṃ. Ayañhi suttantikakathā nāma pariyāyadesanā<a name="V0.0343"></a>. Yo ca catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo so tesu ekekassāpi dinnaṃ dvinnampi pasādoyevāti iminā pariyāyena tattha desanā āgatā. Abhidhammo pana nippariyāyadesanā nāma. Tasmā idha ‘catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ upādāya pasādo’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2056. 

  2056. <p class="bodytext">‘Ayaṃ me attā’ti bālajanena pariggahitattā attabhāvo vuccati sarīrampi khandhapañcakampi. Tasmiṃ pariyāpanno tannissitoti <span class="bld">attabhāvapariyāpanno</span> cakkhuviññāṇena passituṃ na sakkāti <span class="bld">anidassano</span>. Paṭighaṭṭanānighaṃso ettha jāyatīti <span class="bld">sappaṭigho</span>.</p>
    2057. 

  2057. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yenā</span>tiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – yena karaṇabhūtena cakkhunā ayaṃ satto idaṃ vuttappakāraṃ rūpaṃ atīte passi vā, vattamāne passati vā, anāgate passissati vā, sacassa aparibhinnaṃ cakkhu bhaveyya, athānena āpāthagataṃ rūpaṃ passe vā, atītaṃ vā rūpaṃ atītena cakkhunā passi, paccuppannaṃ paccuppannena passati, anāgataṃ anāgatena passissati, sace taṃ rūpaṃ cakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgaccheyya cakkhunā taṃ rūpaṃ passeyyāti idamettha parikappavacanaṃ. Dassanapariṇāyakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhuṃpetaṃ,</span> sañjātisamosaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhāyatanaṃpetaṃ,</span> suññatabhāvanissattaṭṭhena <span class="bld">cakkhudhātupesā</span>. Dassanalakkhaṇe indaṭṭhaṃ kāretīti <span class="bld">cakkhundriyaṃpetaṃ</span>. Lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">lokopeso</span>. Vaḷañjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dvārāpesā</span>. Apūraṇīyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">samuddopeso</span>. Parisuddhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇḍaraṃpetaṃ</span>. Phassādīnaṃ abhijāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">khettaṃpetaṃ</span>. Tesaṃyeva patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vatthuṃpetaṃ</span>. Samavisamaṃ dassentaṃ attabhāvaṃ netīti <span class="bld">nettaṃpetaṃ</span>. Tenevaṭṭhena <span class="bld">nayanaṃpetaṃ</span><a name="M0.0347"></a>. Sakkāyapariyāpannaṭṭhena <a name="P0.0309"></a> <span class="bld">orimaṃ tīraṃpetaṃ</span>. Bahusādhāraṇaṭṭhena assāmikaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">suñño gāmopeso</span>ti.</p>
    2058. 

  2058. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ‘passi vā’tiādīhi catūhi padehi cakkhuṃpetantiādīni cuddasa nāmāni yojetvā cakkhāyatanassa cattāro vavatthāpananayā vuttāti veditabbā. Kathaṃ? Ettha hi yena cakkhunā anidassanena sappaṭighena rūpaṃ sanidassanaṃ sappaṭighaṃ passi vā cakkhuṃpetaṃ…pe… suñño gāmopeso, idaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ cakkhāyatananti ayameko nayo. Evaṃ sesāpi veditabbā.</p>
    2059. 

  2059. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para597"></a><span class="paranum">597</span>. Idāni yasmā vijjuniccharaṇādikālesu anoloketukāmassāpi rūpaṃ cakkhupasādaṃ ghaṭṭeti, tasmā taṃ ākāraṃ dassetuṃ dutiyo niddesavāro āraddho. Tattha <span class="bld">yamhi cakkhumhī</span>ti yamhi adhikaraṇabhūte cakkhumhi. <span class="bld">Rūpa</span>nti paccattavacanametaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭihaññi vā</span>ti atītattho. <span class="bld">Paṭihaññati</span> <a name="V0.0344"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti paccuppannattho. <span class="bld">Paṭihaññissati vā</span>ti anāgatattho. <span class="bld">Paṭihaññe vā</span>ti vikappanattho. Atītañhi rūpaṃ atīte cakkhusmiṃ paṭihaññi nāma. Paccuppannaṃ paccuppanne paṭihaññati nāma. Anāgataṃ anāgate paṭihaññissati nāma. Sace taṃ rūpaṃ cakkhussa āpāthaṃ āgaccheyya, cakkhumhi paṭihaññeyya taṃ rūpanti ayamettha parikappo. Atthato pana pasādaṃ ghaṭṭayamānameva rūpaṃ paṭihaññati nāma. Idhāpi purimanayeneva cattāro vavatthāpananayā veditabbā.</p>
    2060. 

  2060. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para598"></a><span class="paranum">598</span>. Idāni yasmā attano icchāya oloketukāmassa rūpe cakkhuṃ upasaṃharato cakkhu rūpasmiṃ paṭihaññati, tasmā taṃ ākāraṃ dassetuṃ tatiyo niddesavāro āraddho. So atthato pākaṭoyeva. Ettha pana cakkhu ārammaṇaṃ sampaṭicchamānameva rūpamhi paṭihaññati nāma. Idhāpi purimanayeneva cattāro vavatthāpananayā veditabbā.</p>
    2061. 

  2061. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para599"></a><span class="paranum">599</span>. Ito <a name="P0.0310"></a> paraṃ phassapañcamakānaṃ uppattidassanavasena pañca, tesaṃyeva ārammaṇapaṭibaddhauppattidassanavasena pañcāti, dasa vārā dassitā. Tattha <span class="bld">cakkhuṃ nissāyā</span>ti cakkhuṃ nissāya, paccayaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti rūpārammaṇaṃ āgamma, sandhāya, paṭicca. Iminā cakkhupasādavatthukānaṃ phassādīnaṃ purejātapaccayena <a name="M0.0348"></a> cakkhudvārajavanavīthipariyāpannānaṃ ārammaṇādhipatiārammaṇūpanissayapaccayehi rūpassa paccayabhāvo dassito. Itaresu pañcasu vāresu rūpaṃ ārammaṇamassāti rūpārammaṇoti evaṃ ārammaṇapaccayamatteneva paccayabhāvo dassito. Yathā pana purimesu tīsu, evaṃ imesupi dasasu vāresu cattāro cattāro vavatthāpananayā veditabbā. Evaṃ katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ cakkhāyatananti pucchāya uddhaṭaṃ cakkhuṃ ‘idaṃ ta’nti nānappakārato dassetuṃ, purimā tayo, ime dasāti, terasa niddesavārā dassitā. Ekekasmiñcettha catunnaṃ catunnaṃ vavatthāpananayānaṃ āgatattā dvipaññāsāya nayehi paṭimaṇḍetvāva dassitāti veditabbā.</p>
    2062. 

  2062. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para600"></a><span class="paranum">600</span>. Ito paresu sotāyatanādiniddesesupi eseva nayo. Visesamattaṃ panettha evaṃ veditabbaṃ – suṇātīti <span class="bld">sotaṃ</span>. Taṃ sasambhārasotabilassa anto tanutambalomācite aṅgulivedhakasaṇṭhāne padese vuttappakārāhi dhātūhi katūpakāraṃ, utucittāhārehi upatthambhiyamānaṃ, āyunā anupāliyamānaṃ, vaṇṇādīhi parivutaṃ sotaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati.</p>
    2063. 

  2063. <p class="bodytext">Ghāyatīti <a name="V0.0345"></a> <span class="bld">ghānaṃ</span>. Taṃ sasambhāraghānabilassa anto ajappadasaṇṭhāne padese yathāvuttappakāraupakārupatthambhanānupālanaparivāraṃ hutvā ghānaviññāṇādīnaṃ <a name="P0.0311"></a> yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati.</p>
    2064. 

  2064. <p class="bodytext">Sāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">jivhā</span>. Sā sasambhārajivhāmajjhassa upari uppaladalaggasaṇṭhāne padese yathāvuttappakāraupakārupatthambhanānupālanaparivārā hutvā jivhāviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānā tiṭṭhati.</p>
    2065. 

  2065. <p class="bodytext">Yāvatā pana imasmiṃ kāye upādiṇṇakarūpaṃ nāma atthi, sabbattha kāyāyatanaṃ, kappāsapaṭale sneho viya, yathāvuttappakāraupakārupatthambhanānupālanaparivārameva hutvā kāyaviññāṇādīnaṃ yathārahaṃ vatthudvārabhāvaṃ sādhayamānaṃ tiṭṭhati. Ayamettha viseso. Seso pāḷippabhedo ca attho ca cakkhuniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Kevalañhi idha cakkhupadassa ṭhāne sotapadādīni, rūpapadassa ṭhāne saddapadādīni, passīti ādīnaṃ ṭhāne suṇītiādipadāni ca āgatāni. ‘Nettaṃpetaṃ<a name="M0.0349"></a>, nayanaṃpeta’nti imassa ca padadvayassa abhāvā dvādasa dvādasa nāmāni honti. Sesaṃ sabbattha vuttasadisameva.</p>
    2066. 

  2066. <p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – yadi yāvatā imasmiṃ kāye upādiṇṇakarūpaṃ nāma atthi, sabbattha kāyāyatanaṃ, kappāsapaṭale sneho viya. ‘Evaṃ sante lakkhaṇasammissatā āpajjatī’ti. ‘Nāpajjatī’ti. ‘Kasmā’? ‘Aññassa aññattha abhāvato’. ‘Yadi evaṃ, na sabbattha kāyāyatana’nti? ‘Neva paramatthato sabbattha. Vinibbhujitvā panassa nānākaraṇaṃ paññāpetuṃ na sakkā, tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Yathā hi rūparasādayo, vālikācuṇṇāni viya, vivecetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya aññamaññabyāpinoti vuccanti, na ca paramatthato rūpe raso atthi. Yadi siyā rūpaggahaṇeneva rasaggahaṇaṃ gaccheyya. Evaṃ kāyāyatanampi paramatthato neva sabbattha atthi, na ca sabbattha natthi, vivecetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāyāti. Evamettha na lakkhaṇasammissatā āpajjatīti veditabbā’.</p>
    2067. 

  2067. <p class="bodytext">Apica <a name="P0.0312"></a> lakkhaṇādivavatthāpanatopetesaṃ asammissatā veditabbā – etesu hi rūpābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">cakkhu,</span> rūpesu <a name="V0.0346"></a> āviñchanarasaṃ, cakkhuviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, daṭṭhukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
    2068. 

  2068. <p class="bodytext">Saddābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ sotukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">sotaṃ,</span> saddesu āviñchanarasaṃ, sotaviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, sotukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
    2069. 

  2069. <p class="bodytext">Gandhābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ ghāyitukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇaṃ vā <span class="bld">ghānaṃ,</span> gandhesu āviñchanarasaṃ, ghānaviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ ghāyitukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
    2070. 

  2070. <p class="bodytext">Rasābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇā sāyitukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇā vā <span class="bld">jivhā,</span> rasesu āviñchanarasā, jivhāviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, sāyitukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhānā.</p>
    2071. 

  2071. <p class="bodytext">Phoṭṭhabbābhighātārahabhūtappasādalakkhaṇo <a name="M0.0350"></a> phusitukāmatānidānakammasamuṭṭhānabhūtappasādalakkhaṇo vā <span class="bld">kāyo,</span> phoṭṭhabbesu āviñchanaraso, kāyaviññāṇassa ādhārabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno, phusitukāmatānidānakammajabhūtapadaṭṭhāno.</p>
    2072. 

  2072. <p class="bodytext">Keci pana ‘tejādhikānaṃ bhūtānaṃ pasādo cakkhu, vāyupathavīāpādhikānaṃ bhūtānaṃ pasādā sotaghānajivhā, kāyo sabbesa’nti vadanti. Apare ‘tejādhikānaṃ pasādo cakkhu, vivaravāyuāpapathavādhikānaṃ pasādā sotaghānajivhākāyā’ti vadanti. Te vattabbā – ‘suttaṃ āharathā’ti. Addhā suttameva na dakkhissanti. Keci panettha ‘tejādīnaṃ guṇehi rūpādīhi anuggayhabhāvato’ti kāraṇaṃ vadanti. Te ca vattabbā – ‘ko panevamāha <a name="P0.0313"></a> – rūpādayo tejādīnaṃ guṇā’ti? Avinibbhogesu hi rūpesu ‘ayaṃ imassa guṇo, ayaṃ imassa guṇo’ti na labbhā vattuṃ. Athāpi vadeyyuṃ – ‘yathā tesu tesu sambhāresu tassa tassa bhūtassa adhikatāya pathavīādīnaṃ sandhāraṇādīni kiccāni icchatha, evaṃ tejādiadhikesu sambhāresu rūpādīnaṃ adhikabhāvadassanato icchitabbametaṃ rūpādayo tesaṃ guṇā’ti. Te vattabbā – iccheyyāma<a name="V0.0347"></a>, yadi āpādhikassa āsavassa gandhato pathavīadhike kappāse gandho adhikataro siyā, tejādhikassa ca uṇhodakassa vaṇṇatopi sītūdakassa vaṇṇo parihāyetha. Yasmā panetaṃ ubhayampi natthi, tasmā pahāyethetaṃ etesaṃ nissayabhūtānaṃ visesakappanaṃ, yathā avisesepi ekakalāpe bhūtānaṃ rūparasādayo aññamaññaṃ visadisā honti, evaṃ cakkhupasādādayo, avijjamānepi aññasmiṃ visesakāraṇeti gahetabbametaṃ.</p>
    2073. 

  2073. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana taṃ yaṃ aññamaññassa asādhāraṇaṃ? Kammameva nesaṃ visesakāraṇaṃ. Tasmā kammavisesato etesaṃ viseso, na bhūtavisesato. Bhūtavisese hi sati pasādova nuppajjati. Samānānañhi pasādo, na visamānānanti porāṇā. Evaṃ kammevisasato visesavantesu ca etesu cakkhusotāni asampattavisayaggāhakāni attano nissayaṃ anallīnanissaye eva visaye viññāṇahetuttā. Ghānajivhākāyā <a name="M0.0351"></a> sampattavisayaggāhakā, nissayavasena ceva sayañca attano nissayaṃ allīneyeva visaye viññāṇahetuttā.</p>
    2074. 

  2074. <p class="bodytext">Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana ‘‘āpāthagatattāva ārammaṇaṃ sampattaṃ nāma. Candamaṇḍalasūriyamaṇḍalānañhi dvācattālīsayojanasahassamatthake ṭhitānaṃ vaṇṇo cakkhupasādaṃ ghaṭṭeti. So dūre ṭhatvā paññāyamānopi sampattoyeva nāma. Taṃgocarattā cakkhu sampattagocarameva nāma. Dūre rukkhaṃ chindantānampi, rajakānañca vatthaṃ dhovantānaṃ dūratova kāyavikāro paññāyati. Saddo pana dhātuparamparāya āgantvā sotaṃ ghaṭṭetvā saṇikaṃ vavatthānaṃ gacchatī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2075. 

  2075. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P0.0314"></a> kiñcāpi āpāthagatattā ārammaṇaṃ sampattanti vuttaṃ, candamaṇḍalādivaṇṇo pana cakkhuṃ asampatto dūre ṭhitova paññāyati. Saddopi sace saṇikaṃ āgaccheyya, dūre uppanno cirena suyyeyya, paramparaghaṭṭanāya ca āgantvā sotaṃ ghaṭṭento asukadisāya nāmāti na paññāyeyya. Tasmā asampattagocarāneva tāni.</p>
    2076. 

  2076. <p class="bodytext">Ahiādisamānāni cetāni. Yathā hi ahi nāma bahi sittasammaṭṭhaṭṭhāne nābhiramati, saṅkāraṭṭhānatiṇapaṇṇagahanavammikāniyeva pana pavisitvā nipannakāle abhiramati, ekaggataṃ āpajjati, evameva cakkhupetaṃ visamajjhāsayaṃ maṭṭhesu suvaṇṇabhittiādīsu nābhiramati, oloketumpi <a name="V0.0348"></a> na icchati, rūpacittapupphalatādicittesuyeva pana abhiramati. Tādisesu hi ṭhānesu cakkhumhi appahonte mukhampi vivaritvā oloketukāmā honti.</p>
    2077. 

  2077. <p class="bodytext">Susumāropi bahi nikkhanto gahetabbaṃ na passati, akkhīni nimmīletvāva carati. Yadā pana byāmasatamattaṃ udakaṃ ogāhitvā bilaṃ pavisitvā nipanno hoti, tadā tassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti sukhaṃ supati, evameva sotaṃ tampe bilajjhāsayaṃ ākāsasannissitaṃ kaṇṇacchiddakūpakeyeva ajjhāsayaṃ karoti. Kaṇṇacchiddākāsoyeva tassa saddasavane paccayo hoti. Ajaṭākāsopi vaṭṭatiyeva. Antoleṇasmiñhi sajjhāye kariyamāne na leṇacchadanaṃ bhinditvā saddo bahi nikkhamati, dvāravātapānacchiddehi pana nikkhamitvā dhātuparamparāyeva ghaṭṭento gantvā sotapasādaṃ ghaṭṭeti. Atha <a name="M0.0352"></a> tasmiṃ kāle ‘asuko nāma sajjhāyatī’ti leṇapiṭṭhe nisinnā jānanti.</p>
    2078. 

  2078. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sante sampattagocaratā hoti. ‘Kiṃ panetaṃ sampattagocara’nti? ‘Āma, sampattagocaraṃ’. ‘Yadi evaṃ, dūre bherīādīsu vajjamānesu dūre saddoti jānanaṃ na bhaveyyā’ti? ‘No na bhavati. Sotapasādasmiñhi ghaṭṭite dūre saddo āsanne saddo, paratīre orimatīreti tathā tathā jānanākāro hoti. Dhammatā esā’ti. ‘Kiṃ etāya dhammatāya? Yato yato chiddaṃ tato tato <a name="P0.0315"></a> savanaṃ hoti, candimasūriyādīnaṃ dassanaṃ viyāti asampattagocaramevetaṃ’.</p>
    2079. 

  2079. <p class="bodytext">Pakkhīpi rukkhe vā bhūmiyaṃ vā na ramati. Yadā pana ekaṃ vā dve vā leḍḍupāte atikkamma ajaṭākāsaṃ pakkhando hoti, tadā ekaggacittataṃ āpajjati, evameva ghānampi ākāsajjhāsayaṃ vātūpanissayagandhagocaraṃ. Tathā hi gāvo navavuṭṭhe deve bhūmiyaṃ ghāyitvā ghāyitvā ākāsābhimukhā hutvā vātaṃ ākaḍḍhanti. Aṅgulīhi gandhapiṇḍaṃ gahetvāpi ca upasiṅghanakāle vātaṃ anākaḍḍhanto neva tassa gandhaṃ jānāti.</p>
    2080. 

  2080. <p class="bodytext">Kukkuropi bahi vicaranto khemaṭṭhānaṃ na passati leḍḍupahārādīhi upadduto hoti. Antogāmaṃ pavisitvā uddhanaṭṭhāne chārikaṃ byūhitvā nipannassa pana phāsukaṃ hoti, evameva jivhāpi gāmajjhāsayā āposannissitarasārammaṇā. Tathā hi tiyāmarattiṃ samaṇadhammaṃ katvāpi pātova <a name="V0.0349"></a> pattacīvaramādāya gāmo pavisitabbo hoti. Sukkhakhādanīyassa ca na sakkā kheḷena atemitassa rasaṃ jānituṃ.</p>
    2081. 

  2081. <p class="bodytext">Siṅgālopi bahi caranto ratiṃ na vindati, āmakasusāne manussamaṃsaṃ khāditvā nipannasseva panassa phāsukaṃ hoti, evameva kāyopi upādiṇṇakajjhāsayo pathavīnissitaphoṭṭhabbārammaṇo. Tathā hi aññaṃ upādiṇṇakaṃ alabhamānā sattā attanova hatthatale sīsaṃ katvā nipajjanti. Ajjhattikabāhirā cassa pathavī ārammaṇaggahaṇe paccayo hoti. Susanthatassapi hi sayanassa, hatthe ṭhapitānampi vā phalānaṃ, na sakkā anisīdantena vā anippīḷentena vā thaddhamudubhāvo jānitunti. Ajjhattikabāhirāpathavī <a name="M0.0353"></a> etassa kāyapasādassa phoṭṭhabbajānane paccayo hoti. Evaṃ lakkhaṇādivavatthānatopetesaṃ asammissatā veditabbā. Aññeyeva hi cakkhupasādassa lakkhaṇarasapaccupaṭṭhānapadaṭṭhānagocarajjhāsayanissayā aññe sotapasādādīnanti <a name="P0.0316"></a> asammissāneva cakkhāyatanādīni.</p>
    2082. 

  2082. <p class="bodytext">Apica nesaṃ asammissatāya ayaṃ upamāpi veditabbā – yathā hi pañcavaṇṇānaṃ dhajānaṃ ussāpitānaṃ kiñcāpi chāyā ekābaddhā viya hoti, tassa tassa pana aññamaññaṃ asammissāva yathā ca pañcavaṇṇena kappāsena vaṭṭiṃ katvā dīpe jālite kiñcāpi jālā ekābaddhā viya hoti, tassa tassa pana aṃsuno pāṭiyekkā pāṭiyekkā jālā asammissā eva, evameva kiñcāpi imāni pañcāyatanāni ekasmiṃ attabhāve samosaṭāni aññamaññaṃ pana asammissāneva. Na kevalañca imāneva pañca, sesarūpānipi asammissāneva. Imasmiñhi sarīre heṭṭhimakāyo majjhimakāyo uparimakāyoti tayo koṭṭhāsā. Tattha nābhito paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā heṭṭhimakāyo nāma. Tasmiṃ kāyadasakaṃ, bhāvadasakaṃ, āhārasamuṭṭhānāni aṭṭha, utusamuṭṭhānāni aṭṭha, cittasamuṭṭhānāni aṭṭhāti catucattālīsa rūpāni. Nābhito uddhaṃ yāva galavāṭakā majjhimakāyo nāma. Tattha ca kāyadasakaṃ, bhāvadasakaṃ, vatthudasakaṃ, āhārasamuṭṭhānādīni tīṇi aṭṭhakānīti catupaññāsa rūpāni. Galavāṭakato uddhaṃ uparimakāyo nāma. Tattha cakkhudasakaṃ, sotadasakaṃ, ghānadasakaṃ, jivhādasakaṃ, kāyadasakaṃ, bhāvadasakaṃ, āhārasamuṭṭhānādīni tīṇi aṭṭhakānīti caturāsīti rūpāni.</p>
    2083. 

  2083. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkhupasādassa paccayāni cattāri mahābhūtāni, vaṇṇo gandho raso ojā, jīvitindriyaṃ <a name="V0.0350"></a> cakkhupasādoti idaṃ ekantato avinibhuttānaṃ dasannaṃ nipphannarūpānaṃ vasena cakkhudasakaṃ nāma. Iminā nayena sesānipi veditabbāni. Tesu heṭṭhimakāye rūpaṃ majjhimakāyauparimakāyarūpehi saddhiṃ asammissaṃ. Sesakāyadvayepi rūpaṃ itarehi saddhiṃ asammissameva. Yathā hi sāyanhasamaye pabbatacchāyā ca rukkhacchāyā ca kiñcāpi ekābaddhā viya honti aññamaññaṃ pana asammissāva evaṃ imesupi kāyesu catucattālīsa catupaññāsa caturāsīti rūpāni ca kiñcāpi ekābaddhāni viya honti, aññamaññaṃ pana asammissānevāti.</p>
    2084. 

  2084. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para616"></a><span class="paranum">616</span>. Rūpāyatananiddese <a name="M0.0354"></a> vaṇṇova <span class="bld">vaṇṇanibhā;</span> nibhātīti vā nibhā. Cakkhuviññāṇassa pākaṭā hotīti attho. Vaṇṇova <a name="P0.0317"></a> nibhā <span class="bld">vaṇṇanibhā</span>. Saddhiṃ nidassanena <span class="bld">sanidassanaṃ,</span> cakkhuviññāṇena passitabbanti attho. Saddhiṃ paṭighena <span class="bld">sappaṭighaṃ,</span> paṭighaṭṭananighaṃsajanakanti attho. Nīlādīsu umāpupphasamānaṃ <span class="bld">nīlaṃ,</span> kaṇikārapupphasamānaṃ <span class="bld">pītakaṃ,</span> bandhujīvakapupphasamānaṃ <span class="bld">lohitakaṃ,</span> osadhitārakasamānaṃ <span class="bld">odātaṃ</span>. Jhāmaṅgārasamānaṃ <span class="bld">kāḷakaṃ,</span> mandarattaṃ sinduvārakaravīramakuḷasamānaṃ <span class="bld">mañjiṭṭhakaṃ</span>. ‘‘Harittacahemavaṇṇakāmaṃsumukhapakkamā’’ti (jā. 1.15.133) ettha pana kiñcāpi ‘harī’ti suvaṇṇaṃ vuttaṃ, parato panassa jātarūpaggahaṇena gahitattā idha sāmaṃ <span class="bld">hari</span> nāma. Imāni satta vatthuṃ anāmasitvā sabhāveneva dassitāni.</p>
    2085. 

  2085. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Harivaṇṇa</span>nti haritasaddalavaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ambaṅkuravaṇṇa</span>nti ambaṅkurena samānavaṇṇaṃ. Imāni dve vatthuṃ āmasitvā dassitāni. <span class="bld">Dīghādīni</span> dvādasa vohārato dassitāni. So ca nesaṃ vohāro upanidhāyasiddho ceva sannivesasiddho ca. Dīghādīni hi aññamaññaṃ upanidhāyasiddhāni, vaṭṭādīni sannivesavisesena. Tattha rassaṃ upanidhāya tato uccataraṃ <span class="bld">dīghaṃ,</span> taṃ upanidhāya tato nīcataraṃ <span class="bld">rassaṃ</span>. Thūlaṃ upanidhāya tato khuddakataraṃ <span class="bld">aṇuṃ,</span> taṃ upanidhāya tato mahantataraṃ <span class="bld">thūlaṃ</span>. Cakkasaṇṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">vaṭṭaṃ,</span> kukkuṭaṇḍasaṇṭhānaṃ <span class="bld">parimaṇḍalaṃ</span>. Catūhi aṃsehi yuttaṃ <span class="bld">caturaṃsaṃ. Chaḷaṃsādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ninna</span>nti onataṃ, <span class="bld">thala</span>nti unnataṃ.</p>
    2086. 

  2086. <p class="bodytext">Tattha yasmā dīghādīni phusitvā sakkā jānituṃ, nīlādīni panevaṃ na sakkā, tasmā na nippariyāyena dīghaṃ rūpāyatanaṃ; tathā rassādīni. Taṃ taṃ nissāya pana tathā tathā ṭhitaṃ dīghaṃ rassanti <a name="V0.0351"></a> tena tena vohārena rūpāyatanamevettha bhāsitanti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Chāyā ātapo</span>ti idaṃ aññamaññaparicchinnaṃ; tathā <span class="bld">āloko andhakāro ca. Abbhā mahikā</span>tiādīni cattāri vatthunāva dassitāni. Tattha <span class="bld">‘abbhā’</span>ti valāhako. <span class="bld">‘Mahikā’</span>ti himaṃ. Imehi catūhi abbhādīnaṃ vaṇṇā dassitā. <span class="bld">Candamaṇḍalassa vaṇṇanibhā</span>tiādīhi tesaṃ tesaṃ pabhāvaṇṇā <a name="P0.0318"></a> dassitā.</p>
    2087. 

  2087. <p class="bodytext">Tattha candamaṇḍalādīnaṃ vatthūnaṃ evaṃ viseso veditabbo – maṇimayaṃ rajatapaṭicchannaṃ ekūnapaññāsayojanāyāmavitthāraṃ candassa devaputtassa vimānaṃ <a name="M0.0355"></a> <span class="bld">candamaṇḍalaṃ</span> nāma. Sovaṇṇamayaṃ phalikapaṭicchannaṃ samapaṇṇāsayojanāyāmavitthāraṃ sūriyassa devaputtassa vimānaṃ <span class="bld">sūriyamaṇḍalaṃ</span> nāma. Sattaratanamayāni sattaṭṭhadasadvādasayojanāyāmavitthārāni tesaṃ tesaṃ devaputtānaṃ vimānāni <span class="bld">tārakarūpāni</span> nāma.</p>
    2088. 

  2088. <p class="bodytext">Tattha heṭṭhā cando, sūriyo upari, ubhinnamantaraṃ yojanaṃ hoti. Candassa heṭṭhimantato sūriyassa uparimanto yojanasataṃ hoti. Dvīsu passesu nakkhattatārakā gacchanti. Etesu pana tīsu cando dandhagamano, sūriyo sīghagamano, nakkhattatārakā sabbasīghagamanā. Kālena candimasūriyānaṃ purato honti kālena pacchā.</p>
    2089. 

  2089. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ādāsamaṇḍala</span>nti kaṃsamayaṃ. <span class="bld">Maṇī</span>ti ṭhapetvā veḷuriyaṃ seso jotirasādianekappabhedo. <span class="bld">Saṅkho</span>ti sāmuddiko; <span class="bld">muttā</span> sāmuddikāpi, sesāpi. <span class="bld">Veḷuriyo</span>ti veḷuvaṇṇamaṇi. <span class="bld">Jātarūpaṃ</span> vuccati satthuvaṇṇo. Satthā hi suvaṇṇavaṇṇo, suvaṇṇampi satthuvaṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajataṃ</span> vuccati kahāpaṇo – lohamāsako dārumāsako jatumāsako, ye ‘vohāraṃ gacchantī’ti (pārā. 584) vuttaṃ taṃ sabbampi idha gahitaṃ.</p>
    2090. 

  2090. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ vā panaññampī</span>ti iminā pāḷiāgataṃ ṭhapetvā sesaṃ taṭṭikapilotikakaṇṇikavaṇṇādibhedaṃ rūpaṃ gahitaṃ. Tañhi sabbaṃ yevāpanakesu paviṭṭhaṃ.</p>
    2091. 

  2091. <p class="bodytext">Evametaṃ nīlādinā bhedena bhinnampi rūpaṃ sabbaṃ lakkhaṇādīhi abhinnameva. Sabbañhetaṃ cakkhupaṭihananalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">rūpaṃ,</span> cakkhuviññāṇassa visayabhāvarasaṃ, tasseva gocarapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, catumahābhūtapadaṭṭhānaṃ. Yathā cetaṃ tathā sabbānipi upādārūpāni. Yattha pana viseso atthi tattha <a name="V0.0352"></a> vakkhāma. Sesamettha cakkhāyatananiddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Kevalañhi <a name="P0.0319"></a> tattha cakkhupubbaṅgamo niddeso idha rūpapubbaṅgamo. Tattha ‘cakkhuṃ peta’ntiādīni cuddasa nāmāni, idha ‘rūpaṃpeta’ntiādīni tīṇi. Sesaṃ tādisameva. Yathā hi catūhi catūhi nayehi paṭimaṇḍetvā cakkhuṃ vavatthāpetuṃ terasa vārā vuttā, idhāpi te tatheva vuttāti.</p>
    2092. 

  2092. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para620"></a><span class="paranum">620</span>. Saddāyatananiddese <span class="bld">bherisaddo</span>ti mahābherīpahaṭabherīnaṃ saddo. <span class="bld">Mudiṅgasaṅkhapaṇavasaddā</span>pi mudiṅgādipaccayā saddā. Gītasaṅkhāto saddo <span class="bld">gītasaddo</span><a name="M0.0356"></a>. Vuttāvasesānaṃ vīṇādīnaṃ tantibaddhānaṃ saddo <span class="bld">vāditasaddo. Sammasaddo</span>ti kaṃsatālakaṭṭhatālasaddo. <span class="bld">Pāṇisaddo</span>ti pāṇippahārasaddo. <span class="bld">Sattānaṃ nigghosasaddo</span>ti bahūnaṃ sannipatitānaṃ apaññāyamānapadabyañjananigghosasaddo. <span class="bld">Dhātūnaṃ sannighātasaddo</span>ti rukkhānaṃ aññamaññanighaṃsanaghaṇṭikākoṭanādisaddo. Vātassa vāyato saddo <span class="bld">vātasaddo</span>. Udakassa sandamānassa vā paṭihatassa vā saddo <span class="bld">udakasaddo</span>. Manussānaṃ sallāpādisaddo <span class="bld">manussasaddo</span>. Taṃ ṭhapetvā seso sabbopi <span class="bld">amanussasaddo</span>. Iminā padadvayena sabbopi saddo pariyādinno. Evaṃ santepi vaṃsaphālanapilotikaphālanādīsu pavatto pāḷiyaṃ anāgatasaddo yevāpanakaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhoti veditabbo.</p>
    2093. 

  2093. <p class="bodytext">Evamayaṃ bherīsaddādinā bhedena bhinnopi saddo lakkhaṇādīhi abhinnoyeva. Sabbopi hesa sotapaṭihananalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">saddo</span> sotaviññāṇassa visayabhāvaraso, tasseva gocarapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sesaṃ cakkhāyatananiddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idhāpi hi catūhi catūhi nayehi paṭimaṇḍitā terasa vārā vuttā. Tesaṃ attho sakkā vuttanayeneva jānitunti na vitthārito.</p>
    2094. 

  2094. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para624"></a><span class="paranum">624</span>. Gandhāyatananiddese <span class="bld">mūlagandho</span>ti yaṃ kiñci mūlaṃ paṭicca nibbatto gandho. <span class="bld">Sāragandhā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Asiddhadusiddhānaṃ ḍākādīnaṃ gandho <span class="bld">āmakagandho</span>. Macchasakalikāpūtimaṃsasaṃkiliṭṭhasappiādīnaṃ gandho <span class="bld">vissagandho. Sugandho</span>ti <a name="P0.0320"></a> iṭṭhagandho. <span class="bld">Duggandho</span>ti aniṭṭhagandho. Iminā padadvayena sabbopi gandho pariyādinno. Evaṃ santepi kaṇṇakagandhapilotikagandhādayo pāḷiyaṃ anāgatā sabbepi gandhā yevāpanakaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhāti veditabbā.</p>
    2095. 

  2095. <p class="bodytext">Evamayaṃ mūlagandhādinā bhedena bhinnopi gandho lakkhaṇādīhi abhinnoyeva. Sabbopi hesa ghānapaṭihananalakkhaṇo <a name="V0.0353"></a> <span class="bld">gandho,</span> ghānaviññāṇassa visayabhāvaraso, tasseva gocarapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sesaṃ cakkhāyatananiddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idhāpi hi tatheva dvipaññāsanayapaṭimaṇḍitā terasa vārā vuttā. Te atthato pākaṭāyeva.</p>
    2096. 

  2096. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para628"></a><span class="paranum">628</span>. Rasāyatananiddese <a name="M0.0357"></a> <span class="bld">mūlaraso</span>ti yaṃkiñci mūlaṃ paṭicca nibbattaraso. <span class="bld">Khandharasā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ambila</span>nti takkambilādi. <span class="bld">Madhura</span>nti ekantato gosappiādi. Madhu pana kasāvayuttaṃ ciranikkhittaṃ kasāvaṃ hoti. Phāṇitaṃ khāriyuttaṃ ciranikkhittaṃ khāriyaṃ hoti. Sappi pana ciranikkhittaṃ vaṇṇagandhe jahantampi rasaṃ na jahatīti tadeva ekantamadhuraṃ. <span class="bld">Tittaka</span>nti nimbapaṇṇādi. <span class="bld">Kaṭuka</span>nti siṅgiveramaricādi. <span class="bld">Loṇika</span>nti sāmuddikaloṇādi. <span class="bld">Khārika</span>nti vātiṅgaṇakaḷīrādi. <span class="bld">Lambila</span>nti badarāmalakakapiṭṭhasālavādi. <span class="bld">Kasāva</span>nti haritakādi. Ime sabbepi rasā vatthuvasena vuttā. Taṃtaṃvatthuto panettha rasova ambilādīhi nāmehi vuttoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sādū</span>ti iṭṭharaso, <span class="bld">asādū</span>ti aniṭṭharaso. Iminā padadvayena sabbopi raso pariyādinno. Evaṃ santepi leḍḍurasabhittirasapilotikarasādayo pāḷiyaṃ anāgatā sabbepi rasā yevāpanakaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhāti veditabbā.</p>
    2097. 

  2097. <p class="bodytext">Evamayaṃ mūlarasādinābhedena bhinnopi raso lakkhaṇādīhi abhinnoyeva. Sabbopi hesa jivhāpaṭihananalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">raso,</span> jivhāviññāṇassa visayabhāvaraso, tasseva gocarapaccupaṭṭhāno. Sesaṃ cakkhāyatananiddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idhāpi <a name="P0.0321"></a> hi tatheva dvipaññāsanayapaṭimaṇḍitā terasa vārā vuttā.</p>
    2098. 

  2098. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para632"></a><span class="paranum">632</span>. Itthindriyaniddese <span class="bld">ya</span>nti karaṇavacanaṃ. Yena kāraṇena itthiyā itthiliṅgādīni hontīti ayamettha attho. Tattha <span class="bld">‘liṅga’</span>nti saṇṭhānaṃ. Itthiyā hi hatthapādagīvāurādīnaṃ saṇṭhānaṃ na purisassa viya hoti. Itthīnañhi heṭṭhimakāyo visado hoti, uparimakāyo avisado. Hatthapādā khuddakā, mukhaṃ khuddakaṃ. <span class="bld">Nimitta</span>nti sañjānanaṃ. Itthīnañhi uramaṃsaṃ avisadaṃ hoti, mukhaṃ nimmassudāṭhikaṃ. Kesabandhavatthaggahaṇampi na purisānaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Kutta</span>nti kiriyā. Itthiyo hi daharakāle suppakamusalakehi kīḷanti, cittadhītalikāya kīḷanti, mattikavākena suttakaṃ nāma kantanti. <span class="bld">Ākappo</span>ti gamanādiākāro. Itthiyo hi gacchamānā avisadā gacchanti, tiṭṭhamānā nipajjamānā nisīdamānā khādamānā bhuñjamānā avisadā <a name="V0.0354"></a> bhuñjanti. Purisampi hi avisadaṃ disvā mātugāmo <a name="M0.0358"></a> viya gacchati tiṭṭhati nipajjati nisīdati khādati bhuñjatīti vadanti.</p>
    2099. 

  2099. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itthattaṃ itthibhāvo</span>ti ubhayampi ekatthaṃ; itthisabhāvoti attho. Ayaṃ kammajo paṭisandhisamuṭṭhito. Itthiliṅgādīni pana itthindriyaṃ paṭicca pavatte samuṭṭhitāni. Yathā hi bīje sati, bījaṃ paṭicca, bījapaccayā rukkho vaḍḍhitvā sākhāviṭapasampanno hutvā ākāsaṃ pūretvā tiṭṭhati, evameva itthibhāvasaṅkhāte itthindriye sati itthiliṅgādīni honti. Bījaṃ viya hi itthindriyaṃ, bījaṃ paṭicca vaḍḍhitvā ākāsaṃ pūretvā ṭhitarukkho viya itthindriyaṃ paṭicca itthiliṅgādīni pavatte samuṭṭhahanti. Tattha itthindriyaṃ na cakkhuviññeyyaṃ, manoviññeyyameva. Itthiliṅgādīni cakkhuviññeyyānipi manoviññeyyānipi.</p>
    2100. 

  2100. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Idaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ itthindriya</span>nti idaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ, yathā cakkhundriyādīni purisassāpi honti, na evaṃ; niyamato pana itthiyā eva indriyaṃ ‘itthindriyaṃ’.</p>
    2101. 

  2101. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para633"></a><span class="paranum">633</span>. Purisindriyepi eseva <a name="P0.0322"></a> nayo. Purisaliṅgādīni pana itthiliṅgādīnaṃ paṭipakkhato veditabbāni. Purisassa hi hatthapādagīvāurādīnaṃ saṇṭhānaṃ na itthiyā viya hoti. Purisānañhi uparimakāyo visado hoti heṭṭhimakāyo avisado, hatthapādā mahantā, mukhaṃ mahantaṃ, uramaṃsaṃ visadaṃ, massudāṭhikā uppajjanti. Kesabandhanavatthaggahaṇaṃ na itthīnaṃ viya hoti. Daharakāle rathanaṅgalādīhi kīḷanti, vālikapāḷiṃ katvā vāpiṃ nāma khananti, gamanādīni visadāni honti. Itthimpi gamanādīni visadāni kurumānaṃ disvā ‘puriso viya gacchatī’tiādīni vadanti. Sesaṃ itthindriye vuttasadisameva.</p>
    2102. 

  2102. <p class="bodytext">Tattha itthibhāvalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">itthindriyaṃ,</span> itthīti pakāsanarasaṃ, itthiliṅganimittakuttākappānaṃ kāraṇabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Purisabhāvalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">purisindriyaṃ,</span> purisoti pakāsanarasaṃ, purisaliṅganimittakuttākappānaṃ kāraṇabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ. Ubhayampetaṃ paṭhamakappikānaṃ pavatte samuṭṭhāti. Aparabhāge paṭisandhiyaṃ. Paṭisandhisamuṭṭhitampi pavatte calati parivattati.</p>
    2103. 

  2103. <p class="bodytext">Yathāha <a name="M0.0359"></a> –</p>
    2104. 

  2104. <p class="indent">‘‘Tena <a name="V0.0355"></a> kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno itthiliṅgaṃ pātubhūtaṃ hoti. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarissā bhikkhuniyā purisaliṅgaṃ pātubhūtaṃ hotī’’ti (pārā. 69).</p>
    2105. 

  2105. <p class="bodytext">Imesu pana dvīsu purisaliṅgaṃ uttamaṃ, itthiliṅgaṃ hīnaṃ. Tasmā purisaliṅgaṃ balavaakusalena antaradhāyati, itthiliṅgaṃ dubbalakusalena patiṭṭhāti. Itthiliṅgaṃ pana antaradhāyantaṃ dubbalaakusalena antaradhāyati, purisaliṅgaṃ balavakusalena patiṭṭhāti. Evaṃ ubhayampi akusalena antaradhāyati, kusalena patiṭṭhātīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2106. 

  2106. <p class="bodytext">Ubhatobyañjanakassa pana kiṃ ekaṃ indriyaṃ udāhu dveti? Ekaṃ. Tañca kho itthiubhatobyañjanakassa itthindriyaṃ, purisaubhatobyañjanakassa purisindriyaṃ. ‘Evaṃ sante dutiyabyañjanakassa abhāvo āpajjati. Indriyañhi byañjanakāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Tañcassa natthī’ti? ‘Na tassa indriyaṃ byañjanakāraṇaṃ’. ‘Kasmā’? ‘Sadā <a name="P0.0323"></a> abhāvato. Itthiubhatobyañjanakassa hi yadā itthiyā rāgacittaṃ uppajjati, tadāva purisabyañjanaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, itthibyañjanaṃ paṭicchannaṃ guḷhaṃ hoti. Tathā itarassa itaraṃ.</p>
    2107. 

  2107. <p class="bodytext">Yadi ca tesaṃ indriyaṃ dutiyabyañjanakāraṇaṃ bhaveyya, sadāpi byañjanadvayaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Na pana tiṭṭhati. Tasmā veditabbametaṃ na tassa taṃ byañjanakāraṇaṃ. Kammasahāyaṃ pana rāgacittamevettha kāraṇaṃ. Yasmā cassa ekameva indriyaṃ hoti, tasmā itthiubhatobyañjanako sayampi gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parampi gaṇhāpeti. Purisaubhatobyañjanako paraṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhāpeti, sayaṃ pana na gaṇhātīti.</p>
    2108. 

  2108. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para634"></a><span class="paranum">634</span>. Jīvitindriyaniddese yaṃ vattabbaṃ taṃ heṭṭhā arūpajīvitindriye vuttameva. Kevalañhi tattha <span class="bld">yo tesaṃ arūpīnaṃ dhammāna</span>nti vuttaṃ, idha rūpajīvitindriyattā <span class="bld">yo tesaṃ rūpīnaṃ dhammāna</span>nti ayameva viseso. Lakkhaṇādīni panassa evaṃ veditabbāni – sahajātarūpānupālanalakkhaṇaṃ <span class="bld">jīvitindriyaṃ,</span> tesaṃ pavattanarasaṃ, tesaṃ yeva ṭhapanapaccupaṭṭhānaṃ, yāpayitabbabhūtapadaṭṭhānanti.</p>
    2109. 

  2109. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para635"></a><span class="paranum">635</span>. Kāyaviññattiniddese <a name="M0.0360"></a><a name="V0.0356"></a> <span class="bld">kāyaviññattī</span>ti ettha tāva kāyena attano bhāvaṃ viññāpentānaṃ tiracchānehipi purisānaṃ, purisehi vā tiracchānānampi kāyagahaṇānusārena gahitāya etāya bhāvo viññāyatīti <span class="bld">‘viññatti’</span>. Sayaṃ kāyagahaṇānusārena viññāyatītipi ‘viññatti’. ‘‘Kāyena saṃvaro sādhū’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 361) āgato copanasaṅkhāto kāyova viññatti <span class="bld">‘kāyaviññatti’</span>. Kāyavipphandanena adhippāyaviññāpanahetuttā, sayañca tathā viññeyyattā kāyena viññattītipi <span class="bld">‘kāyaviññatti’</span>.</p>
    2110. 

  2110. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kusalacittassa vā</span>tiādīsu aṭṭhahi kāmāvacarehi abhiññācittena cāti navahi kusalacittehi <span class="bld">kusalacittassa vā,</span> dvādasahipi akusalacittehi <span class="bld">akusalacittassa vā,</span> aṭṭhahi mahākiriyehi dvīhi ahetukakiriyehi abhiññāppattena ekena rūpāvacarakiriyenāti ekādasahi kiriyacittehi <span class="bld">abyākatacittassa vā</span>. Ito aññāni hi cittāni viññattiṃ na janenti. Sekkhāsekkhaputhujjanānaṃ <a name="P0.0324"></a> pana ettakeheva cittehi viññatti hotīti etesaṃ kusalādīnaṃ vasena tīhi padehi ‘hetuto’ dassitā.</p>
    2111. 

  2111. <p class="bodytext">Idāni chahi padehi ‘phalato’ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">abhikkamantassa vā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Abhikkamādayo hi viññattivasena pavattattā viññattiphalaṃ nāma. Tattha <span class="bld">‘abhikkamantassā’</span>ti purato kāyaṃ abhiharantassa. <span class="bld">Paṭikkamantassā</span>ti pacchato paccāharantassa. <span class="bld">Ālokentassā</span>ti ujukaṃ pekkhantassa. <span class="bld">Vilokentassā</span>ti ito cito ca pekkhantassa. <span class="bld">Samiñjentassā</span>ti sandhayo saṅkocentassa. <span class="bld">Pasārentassā</span>ti sandhayo paṭipaṇāmentassa.</p>
    2112. 

  2112. <p class="bodytext">Idāni chahi padehi ‘sabhāvato’ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kāyassa thambhanā</span>ti ādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">‘kāyassā’</span>ti sarīrassa. Kāyaṃ thambhetvā thaddhaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">thambhanā</span>. Tameva upasaggena vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">santhambhanā</span>ti āha. Balavatarā vā thambhanā <span class="bld">‘santhambhanā’</span>. <span class="bld">Santhambhitatta</span>nti santhambhitabhāvo. Viññāpanavasena <span class="bld">viññatti. Viññāpanā</span>ti viññāpanākāro. Viññāpitabhāvo <span class="bld">viññāpitattaṃ</span>. Sesamettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ taṃ heṭṭhā dvārakathāyaṃ vuttameva. Tathā vacīviññattiyaṃ.</p>
    2113. 

  2113. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para636"></a><span class="paranum">636</span>. Vacīviññattītipadassa <a name="M0.0361"></a> pana niddesapadānañca attho tattha na vutto, so evaṃ veditabbo – vācāya attano bhāvaṃ viññāpentānaṃ tiracchānehipi purisānaṃ, purisehi vā tiracchānānampi<a name="V0.0357"></a>, vacīgahaṇānusārena gahitāya etāya bhāvo viññāyatīti <span class="bld">viññatti</span>. Sayañca vacīgahaṇānusārena viññāyatītipi <span class="bld">viññatti</span>. ‘‘Sādhu vācāya saṃvaro’’tiādīsu (dha. pa. 361) āgatā copanasaṅkhātā vacī eva viññatti <span class="bld">‘vacīviññatti’</span>. Vacīghosena adhippāyaviññāpanahetuttā sayañca tathāviññeyyattā vācāya viññattītipi <span class="bld">‘vacīviññatti’. Vācā girā</span>tiādīsu vuccatīti <span class="bld">‘vācā’</span>. Giriyatīti <span class="bld">‘girā’</span>. Byappathoti vākyabhedo. Vākyañca taṃ patho ca atthaṃ ñātukāmānaṃ ñāpetukāmānañcātipi <span class="bld">‘byappatho’</span>. Udīriyatīti <span class="bld">udīraṇaṃ</span>. Ghussatīti <span class="bld">ghoso</span>. Kariyatīti <span class="bld">kammaṃ</span>. Ghosova kammaṃ <span class="bld">ghosakammaṃ</span>. Nānappakārehi kato <a name="P0.0325"></a> ghosoti attho. Vaciyā bhedo <span class="bld">vacībhedo</span>. So pana ‘na bhaṅgo, pabhedagatā vācā evā’ti ñāpanatthaṃ <span class="bld">vācā vacībhedo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Imehi sabbehipi padehi ‘saddavācāva’ dassitā. Idāni tāya vācāya saddhiṃ yojetvā heṭṭhā vuttatthānaṃ viññattiādīnaṃ padānaṃ vasena tīhākārehi sabhāvato taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yā tāya vācāya viññattī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayattā uttānatthameva.</p>
    2114. 

  2114. <p class="bodytext">Idāni viññattisamuṭṭhāpakacittesu asammohatthaṃ dvattiṃsa chabbīsa ekūnavīsati soḷasa pacchimānīti idaṃ pakiṇṇakaṃ veditabbaṃ – <span class="bld">dvattiṃsa</span> cittāni hi rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpenti, iriyāpathampi upatthambhenti, duvidhampi viññattiṃ janenti. Chabbīsati viññattimeva na janenti, itaradvayaṃ karonti. <span class="bld">Ekūnavīsati</span> rūpameva samuṭṭhāpenti, itaradvayaṃ na karonti. <span class="bld">Soḷasa</span> imesu tīsu ekampi na karonti.</p>
    2115. 

  2115. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">dvattiṃsā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttāneva kāmāvacarato aṭṭha kusalāni, dvādasa akusalāni, kiriyato dasa cittāni, sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ abhiññācittaṃ, khīṇāsavānaṃ abhiññācittanti. <span class="bld">Chabbīsā</span>ti rūpāvacarato pañca kusalāni, pañca kiriyāni, arūpāvacarato cattāri kusalāni, cattāri kiriyāni, cattāri maggacittāni, cattāri phalacittānīti. <span class="bld">Ekūnavīsatī</span>ti kāmāvacarakusalavipākato ekādasa, akusalavipākato dve<a name="M0.0362"></a>, kiriyato kiriyamanodhātu, rūpāvacarato pañca vipākacittānīti. <span class="bld">Soḷasā</span>ti dve pañcaviññāṇāni, sabbasattānaṃ paṭisandhicittaṃ, khīṇāsavānaṃ cuticittaṃ, arūpe cattāri vipākacittānīti. Imāni soḷasa rūpiriyāpathaviññattīsu ekampi na karonti. Aññānipi bahūni arūpe uppannāni anokāsagatattā rūpaṃ na samuṭṭhāpenti. Na tāneva, kāyavacīviññattiyopi.</p>
    2116. 

  2116. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para637"></a><span class="paranum">637</span>. Ākāsadhātuniddese <a name="V0.0358"></a> na kassati, na nikassati, kasituṃ vā chindituṃ vā bhindituṃ vā na sakkāti <span class="bld">ākāso</span>. Ākāsova <span class="bld">ākāsagataṃ</span><a name="P0.0326"></a>, kheḷagatādi viya. Ākāsoti vā gatanti <span class="bld">‘ākāsagataṃ’</span>. Na haññatīti <span class="bld">aghaṃ,</span> aghaṭṭanīyanti attho. Aghameva <span class="bld">aghagataṃ</span>. Chiddaṭṭhena <span class="bld">vivaro</span>. Vivarova <span class="bld">vivaragataṃ. Asamphuṭṭhaṃ catūhi mahābhūtehī</span>ti etehi asamphuṭṭhaṃ nijjaṭākāsaṃva kathitaṃ. Lakkhaṇādito pana rūpaparicchedalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">ākāsadhātu,</span> rūpapariyantappakāsanarasā, rūpamariyādapaccupaṭṭhānā asamphuṭṭhabhāvachiddavivarabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā vā, paricchinnarūpapadaṭṭhānā, yāya paricchinnesu rūpesu ‘idamito uddhaṃ adho tiriya’nti ca hoti.</p>
    2117. 

  2117. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para638"></a><span class="paranum">638</span>. Ito pare <span class="bld">rūpassalahutādīnaṃ</span> niddesā cittassalahutādīsu vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Lakkhaṇādito panettha adandhatālakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa lahutā,</span> rūpānaṃ garubhāvavinodanarasā, lahuparivattitāpaccupaṭṭhānā, lahurūpapadaṭṭhānā. Athaddhatālakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa mudutā,</span> rūpānaṃ thaddhabhāvavinodanarasā, sabbakiriyāsu avirodhitāpaccupaṭṭhānā, mudurūpapadaṭṭhānā. Sarīrakiriyānukūlakammaññabhāvalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa kammaññatā,</span> akammaññatāvinodanarasā, adubbalabhāvapaccupaṭṭhānā, kammaññarūpapadaṭṭhānā.</p>
    2118. 

  2118. <p class="bodytext">Etā pana tisso na aññamaññaṃ vijahanti. Evaṃ santepi yo arogino viya rūpānaṃ lahubhāvo, adandhatālahuparivattippakāro, rūpadandhattakaradhātukkhobhapaṭipakkhapaccayasamuṭṭhāno, so rūpavikāro ‘rūpassalahutā’. Yo suparimadditacammasseva rūpānaṃ mudubhāvo sabbakiriyāvisesesu sarasavattanabhāvo vasavattanabhāvamaddavappakāro rūpathaddhattakaradhātukkhobhapaṭipakkhapaccayasamuṭṭhāno<a name="M0.0363"></a>, so rūpavikāro ‘rūpassa mudutā’. Yo pana sudhantasuvaṇṇasseva rūpānaṃ kammaññabhāvo sarīrakiriyānukūlabhāvappakāro sarīrakiriyānaṃ <a name="P0.0327"></a> ananukūlakaradhātukkhobhapaṭipakkhapaccayasamuṭṭhāno, so rūpavikāro <span class="bld">‘rūpassa kammaññatā’</span>ti. Evametāsaṃ viseso veditabbo.</p>
    2119. 

  2119. <p class="bodytext">Etā pana tissopi kammaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti, āhārādayova karonti. Tathā hi yogino ‘ajja amhehi bhojanasappāyaṃ laddhaṃ, kāyo no lahu mudu kammañño’ti vadanti. ‘Ajja utusappāyaṃ laddhaṃ, ajja amhākaṃ cittaṃ ekaggaṃ, kāyo no lahu mudu kammañño’ti vadantīti.</p>
    2120. 

  2120. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para641"></a><span class="paranum">641</span>. Upacayasantatiniddesesu <a name="V0.0359"></a> <span class="bld">āyatanāna</span>nti aḍḍhekādasannaṃ rūpāyatanānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ācayo</span>ti nibbatti. <span class="bld">So rūpassa upacayo</span>ti yo āyatanānaṃ ācayo punappunaṃ nibbattamānānaṃ, sova rūpassa upacayo nāma hoti; vaḍḍhīti attho. <span class="bld">Yo rūpassa upacayo sā rūpassa santatī</span>ti yā evaṃ upacitānaṃ rūpānaṃ vaḍḍhi, tato uttaritaraṃ pavattikāle sā rūpassa santati nāma hoti; pavattīti attho. Naditīre khatakūpasmiñhi udakuggamanakālo viya ācayo, nibbatti; paripuṇṇakālo viya upacayo, vaḍḍhi; ajjhottharitvā gamanakālo viya santati, pavattīti veditabbā.</p>
    2121. 

  2121. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ kiṃ kathitaṃ hotīti? Āyatanena hi ācayo kathito, ācayena āyatanaṃ kathitaṃ. Ācayova kathito āyatanameva kathitaṃ. Evampi kiṃ kathitaṃ hotīti? Catusantatirūpānaṃ ācayo upacayo nibbatti vaḍḍhi kathitā. Atthato hi ubhayampetaṃ jātirūpasseva adhivacanaṃ. Ākāranānattena pana veneyyavasena ca upacayo santatīti uddesadesanaṃ katvā yasmā ettha atthato nānattaṃ natthi, tasmā niddese ‘‘yo āyatanānaṃ ācayo so rūpassa upacayo, yo rūpassa upacayo sā rūpassa santatī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2122. 

  2122. <p class="bodytext">Yasmā ca ubhayampetaṃ jātirūpasseva adhivacanaṃ tasmā ettha ācayalakkhaṇo <span class="bld">rūpassa upacayo,</span> pubbantato rūpānaṃ ummujjāpanaraso, niyyātanapaccupaṭṭhāno <a name="M0.0364"></a> paripuṇṇabhāvapaccupaṭṭhāno vā, upacitarūpapadaṭṭhāno. Pavattilakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa santati,</span> anuppabandharasā, anupacchedapaccupaṭṭhānā, anuppabandharūpapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    2123. 

  2123. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para643"></a><span class="paranum">643</span>. Jaratāniddese jīraṇakavasena <span class="bld">jarā;</span> ayamettha sabhāvaniddeso<a name="P0.0328"></a>. Jīraṇākāro <span class="bld">jīraṇatā</span>. Khaṇḍiccanti ādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā. Pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā. Ayañhi ‘jarā’ti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā; tenassāyaṃ sabhāvaniddeso. ‘Jīraṇatā’ti iminā ākārato; tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso. <span class="bld">Khaṇḍicca</span>nti iminā kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Pālicca</span>nti iminā kesalomānaṃ palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. <span class="bld">Valittacatā</span>ti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tace valibhāvakaraṇakiccato dīpitā. Tenassā ime ‘khaṇḍicca’ntiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā. Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtā pākaṭajarā dassitā. Yatheva hi <a name="V0.0360"></a> udakassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ saṃbhaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti, na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni, evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo, cakkhuṃ ummīletvāpi gayhati, na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā. Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti.</p>
    2124. 

  2124. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko</span>ti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva abhibyattāya āyukkhayacakkhādiindriyaparipākasaññitāya pakatiyā dīpitā. Tenassime pacchimā dve pakatiniddesāti veditabbā. Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati, tasmā jarā <span class="bld">‘āyuno saṃhānī’</span>ti phalūpacārena vuttā. Yasmā ca daharakāle suppasannāni, sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni, oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti, tasmā <span class="bld">‘indriyānaṃ paripāko’</span>tipi phalūpacāreneva vuttā.</p>
    2125. 

  2125. <p class="bodytext">Sā panāyaṃ evaṃ niddiṭṭhā sabbāpi jarā pākaṭā paṭicchannāti duvidhā hoti. Tattha dantādīsu khaṇḍabhāvādidassanato rūpadhammesu jarā <span class="bld">pākaṭajarā</span> nāma<a name="M0.0365"></a>. Arūpadhammesu pana jarā tādisassa vikārassa adassanato <span class="bld">paṭicchannajarā</span> nāma. Puna avīci savīcīti evampi duvidhā hoti. Tattha maṇikanakarajatapavāḷacandimasūriyādīnaṃ viya, mandadasakādīsu pāṇīnaṃ viya ca, pupphaphalapallavādīsu <a name="P0.0329"></a> ca apāṇīnaṃ viya, antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ duviññeyyattā jarā <span class="bld">avīcijarā</span> nāma; nirantarajarāti attho. Tato aññesu pana yathāvuttesu antarantarā vaṇṇavisesādīnaṃ suviññeyyattā jarā <span class="bld">savīcijarā</span> nāmāti veditabbā.</p>
    2126. 

  2126. <p class="bodytext">Lakkhaṇāditopi rūpaparipākalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa jaratā,</span> upanayanarasā, sabhāvānapagamepi navabhāvāpagamapaccupaṭṭhānā, vīhipurāṇabhāvo viya paripaccamānarūpapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    2127. 

  2127. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para644"></a><span class="paranum">644</span>. Aniccatāniddese khayagamanavasena <span class="bld">khayo,</span> vayagamanavasena <span class="bld">vayo,</span> bhijjanavasena <span class="bld">bhedo</span>. Atha vā, yasmā taṃ patvā rūpaṃ khīyati, veti, bhijjati ca, tasmā khīyati etasminti <span class="bld">‘khayo’,</span> veti etasminti <span class="bld">‘vayo’,</span> bhijjati etasminti <span class="bld">‘bhedo’</span>. Upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā bhedova <span class="bld">paribhedo</span>. Hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena, na niccanti aniccaṃ. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">aniccatā</span><a name="V0.0361"></a>. Antaradhāyati etthāti <span class="bld">antaradhānaṃ</span>. Maraṇañhi patvā rūpaṃ antaradhāyati, adassanaṃ gacchati. Na kevalañca rūpameva, sabbepi pañcakkhandhā. Tasmā pañcannampi khandhānaṃ aniccatāya idameva lakkhaṇanti veditabbaṃ. Lakkhaṇādito pana paribhedalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">rūpassa aniccatā,</span> saṃsīdanarasā, khayavayapaccupaṭṭhānā, paribhijjamānarūpapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    2128. 

  2128. <p class="bodytext">Heṭṭhā jāti gahitā jarā gahitā, imasmiṃ ṭhāne maraṇaṃ gahitaṃ. Ime tayo dhammā imesaṃ sattānaṃ ukkhittāsikapaccāmittasadisā. Yathā hi purisassa tayo paccāmittā otāraṃ gavesamānā vicareyyuṃ. Tesu eko evaṃ vadeyya – ‘etaṃ nīharitvā aṭavipavesanaṃ mayhaṃ bhāro hotū’ti. Dutiyo ‘aṭavigatakāle pothetvā pathaviyaṃ pātanaṃ mayhaṃ bhāro’ti. Tatiyo ‘pathavigatakālato paṭṭhāya asinā sīsacchedanaṃ mayhaṃ bhāro’ti. Evarūpā ime jāti ādayo. Nīharitvā aṭavipavesanapaccāmittasadisā hettha jāti, tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhāne nibbattāpanato. Aṭavigataṃ pothetvā pathaviyaṃ pātanapaccāmittasadisā jarā<a name="M0.0366"></a>, nibbattakkhandhānaṃ dubbalaparādhīnamañcaparāyaṇabhāvakaraṇato. Pathavigatassa <a name="P0.0330"></a> asinā sīsacchedakapaccāmittasadisaṃ maraṇaṃ, jarāppattānaṃ khandhānaṃ jīvitakkhayapāpanatoti.</p>
    2129. 

  2129. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para645"></a><span class="paranum">645</span>. Kabaḷīkārāhāraniddese kabaḷaṃ karīyatīti <span class="bld">kabaḷīkāro</span>. Āharīyatīti <span class="bld">āhāro</span>. Kabaḷaṃ katvā ajjhoharīyatīti attho. Rūpaṃ vā āharatītipi ‘āhāro’. Evaṃ vatthuvasena nāmaṃ uddharitvā puna vatthuvasenevetaṃ pabhedato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">odano kummāso</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Odanādīni hi phāṇitapariyantāni dvādasa idhādhippetassa āhārassa vatthūni. Pāḷiyaṃ anāgatāni mūlaphalādīni yevāpanakaṃ paviṭṭhāni.</p>
    2130. 

  2130. <p class="bodytext">Idāni tāni mūlaphalādīni kattabbato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yamhi yamhi janapade</span>tiādimāha. Tattha mukhena asitabbaṃ bhuñjitabbanti <span class="bld">mukhāsiyaṃ</span>. Dantehi vikhāditabbanti <span class="bld">dantavikhādanaṃ</span>. Galena ajjhoharitabbanti <span class="bld">galajjhoharaṇīyaṃ</span>. Idāni taṃ kiccavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kucchivitthambhana</span>nti āha. Tañhi mūlaphalādi odanakummāsādi vā ajjhohaṭaṃ kucchiṃ vitthambheti. Idamassa kiccaṃ. <span class="bld">Yāya ojāya sattā yāpentī</span>ti heṭṭhā sabbapadehi savatthukaṃ āhāraṃ dassetvā idāni nibbaṭṭitaojameva dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
    2131. 

  2131. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ <a name="V0.0362"></a> panettha vatthussa kiccaṃ? Kiṃ ojāya? Parissayaharaṇapālanāni. Vatthuhi parissayaṃ harati pāletuṃ na sakkoti, ojā pāleti parissayaṃ harituṃ na sakkoti. Dvepi ekato hutvā pāletumpi sakkonti parissayampi harituṃ. Ko panesa parissayo nāma? Kammajatejo. Antokucchiyañhi odanādivatthusmiṃ asati, kammajatejo uṭṭhahitvā udarapaṭalaṃ gaṇhāti, ‘chātomhi, āhāraṃ me dethā’ti vadāpeti. Bhuttakāle udarapaṭalaṃ muñcitvā vatthuṃ gaṇhāti. Atha satto ekaggo hoti.</p>
    2132. 

  2132. <p class="bodytext">Yathā hi chāyārakkhaso chāyaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ gahetvā devasaṅkhalikāya bandhitvā attano bhavane modanto chātakāle āgantvā sīse ḍaṃsati. So ḍaṭṭhattā viravati. Taṃ viravaṃ sutvā ‘dukkhappatto ettha atthī’ti tato tato manussā āgacchanti. So āgatāgate <a name="P0.0331"></a> gahetvā khāditvā <a name="M0.0367"></a> bhavane modati. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Chāyārakkhaso viya hi kammajatejo, devasaṅkhalikāya bandhitvā ṭhapitasatto viya udarapaṭalaṃ, puna āgatamanussā viya odanādivatthu, otaritvā sīse ḍaṃsanaṃ viya kammajatejassa vatthuto muttassa udarapaṭalaggahaṇaṃ, ḍaṭṭhassa viravanakālo viya ‘āhāraṃ dethā’ti vacanakālo, tāya saññāya āgatāgate gahetvā khāditvā bhavane modanakālo viya kammajatejena udarapaṭalaṃ muñcitvā vatthusmiṃ gahite ekaggacittatā.</p>
    2133. 

  2133. <p class="bodytext">Tattha oḷārike vatthusmiṃ ojā mandā hoti. Sukhume balavatī. Kudrūsakabhattādīni hi bhuñjitvā muhutteneva chāto hoti. Sappiādīni pivitvā ṭhitassa divasampi bhattaṃ na ruccati. Ettha ca upādāyupādāya oḷārikasukhumatā veditabbā. Kumbhīlānañhi āhāraṃ upādāya morānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Kumbhīlā kira pāsāṇe gilanti. Te ca nesaṃ kucchippattā vilīyanti. Morā sappavicchikādipāṇe khādanti. Morānaṃ pana āhāraṃ upādāya taracchānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te kira tivassachaḍḍitāni visāṇāni ceva aṭṭhīni ca khādanti. Tāni ca nesaṃ kheḷena temitamattāneva kandamūlaṃ viya mudukāni honti. Taracchānampi āhāramupādāya hatthīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te hi nānārukkhasākhādayo khādanti. Hatthīnaṃ āhārato gavayagokaṇṇamigādīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te kira nissārāni nānārukkhapaṇṇādīni khādanti. Tesampi āhārato gunnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te allasukkhatiṇāni khādanti. Tesampi āhārato sasānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Sasānaṃ āhārato sakuṇānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Sakuṇānaṃ āhārato paccantavāsīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Paccantavāsīnaṃ <a name="V0.0363"></a> āhārato gāmabhojakānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Gāmabhojakānaṃ āhārato rājarājamahāmattānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Tesampi āhārato cakkavattino āhāro sukhumo. Cakkavattino āhārato bhummadevānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Bhummadevānaṃ āhārato cātumahārājikānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Evaṃ yāva paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ <a name="M0.0368"></a><a name="P0.0332"></a> āhāro vitthāretabbo. Tesaṃ panāhāro sukhumotveva niṭṭhaṃ patto.</p>
    2134. 

  2134. <p class="bodytext">Lakkhaṇāditopi ojālakkhaṇo <span class="bld">kabaḷīkāro āhāro,</span> rūpāharaṇaraso, upatthambhanapaccupaṭṭhāno, kabaḷaṃ katvā āharitabbavatthupadaṭṭhānoti veditabbo.</p>
    2135. 

  2135. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para646"></a><span class="paranum">646</span>. Noupādāniddese yathā upādārūpaṃ upādiyateva, na aññena upādiyati, evametaṃ na upādiyatevāti <span class="bld">noupādā</span>.</p>
    2136. 

  2136. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para647"></a><span class="paranum">647</span>. Phusitabbanti phoṭṭhabbaṃ. Phusitvā jānitabbanti attho. Phoṭṭhabbañca taṃ āyatanañcāti <span class="bld">phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ</span>. Āpo ca taṃ nissattasuññatasabhāvaṭṭhena dhātu cāti <span class="bld">āpodhātu</span>. Idāni yasmā tīṇi rūpāni phusitvā jānitabbāni tasmā tāni bhājetvā dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katamaṃ taṃ rūpaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ? Pathavīdhātū</span>tiādimāha. Tattha kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇā <span class="bld">pathavīdhātu,</span> patiṭṭhānarasā, sampaṭicchanapaccupaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Tejodhātu</span> uṇhattalakkhaṇā, paripācanarasā, maddavānuppadānapaccupaṭṭhānā. <span class="bld">Vāyodhātu</span> vitthambhanalakkhaṇā, samudīraṇarasā, abhinīhārapaccupaṭṭhānā. Purimā pana <span class="bld">‘āpodhātu’</span> paggharaṇalakkhaṇā, brūhanarasā, saṅgahapaccupaṭṭhānā. Ekekā cettha sesattayapadaṭṭhānāti veditabbā.</p>
    2137. 

  2137. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kakkhaḷa</span>nti thaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Muduka</span>nti athaddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṇha</span>nti maṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pharusa</span>nti kharaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhasamphassa</span>nti sukhavedanāpaccayaṃ iṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Dukkhasamphassa</span>nti dukkhavedanāpaccayaṃ aniṭṭhaphoṭṭhabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Garuka</span>nti bhāriyaṃ. <span class="bld">Lahuka</span>nti abhāriyaṃ, sallahukanti attho. Ettha ca ‘kakkhaḷaṃ mudukaṃ saṇhaṃ pharusaṃ garukaṃ lahuka’nti padehi pathavīdhātu eva bhājitā. ‘‘Yadāyaṃ kāyo āyusahagato ca hoti usmāsahagato ca viññāṇasahagato ca tadā lahutaro ca hoti mudutaro ca kammaññataro <a name="P0.0333"></a> cā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.424) suttepi lahumudubhūtaṃ pathavīdhātumeva sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
    2138. 

  2138. <p class="bodytext">‘Sukhasamphassaṃ <a name="V0.0364"></a> dukkhasamphassa’nti padadvayena pana tīṇipi mahābhūtāni bhājitāni. Pathavīdhātu hi sukhasamphassāpi atthi dukkhasamphassāpi. Tathā tejodhātuvāyodhātuyo. Tattha sukhasamphassā pathavīdhātu mudutaluṇahatthe <a name="M0.0369"></a> dahare pāde sambāhante assādetvā assādetvā ‘sambāha tāta, sambāha tātā’ti vadāpanākāraṃ karoti. Sukhasamphassā tejodhātu sītasamaye aṅgārakapallaṃ āharitvā gattaṃ sedente assādetvā assādetvā ‘sedehi tāta, sedehi tātā’ti vadāpanākāraṃ karoti. Sukhasamphassā vāyodhātu uṇhasamaye vattasampanne dahare bījanena bījante assādetvā assādetvā ‘bīja tāta, bīja tātā’ti vadāpanākāraṃ karoti. Thaddhahatthe pana dahare pāde sambāhante aṭṭhīnaṃ bhijjanakālo viya hoti. Sopi ‘apehī’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Uṇhasamaye aṅgārakapalle ābhate ‘apanehi na’nti vattabbaṃ hoti. Sītasamaye bījanena bījante ‘apehi, mā bījā’ti vattabbaṃ hoti. Evametāsaṃ sukhasamphassatā dukkhasamphassatā ca veditabbā.</p>
    2139. 

  2139. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ phoṭṭhabbaṃ anidassanaṃ sappaṭigha</span>ntiādinā nayena vuttā pana catūhi catūhi nayehi paṭimaṇḍitā terasa vārā heṭṭhā rūpāyatanādīsu vuttanayeneva veditabbā.</p>
    2140. 

  2140. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ panetāni tīṇi mahābhūtāni ekappahāreneva āpāthaṃ āgacchanti udāhu noti? Āgacchanti. Evaṃ āgatāni kāyapasādaṃ ghaṭṭenti na ghaṭṭentīti? Ghaṭṭenti. Ekappahāreneva tāni ārammaṇaṃ katvā kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati nuppajjatīti? Nuppajjati. Ābhujitavasena vā hi ussadavasena vā ārammaṇakaraṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2141. 

  2141. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ābhujitavasena tāva, pattasmiñhi odanena pūretvā ābhate ekaṃ sitthaṃ gahetvā thaddhaṃ vā mudukaṃ vāti vīmaṃsanto kiñcāpi tattha tejopi atthi vāyopi atthi, pathavīdhātumeva pana ābhujati. Uṇhodake hatthaṃ otāretvā vīmaṃsanto kiñcāpi tattha pathavīpi atthi vāyopi atthi, tejodhātumeva pana ābhujati. Uṇhasamaye vātapānaṃ vivaritvā vātena sarīraṃ paharāpento ṭhito mandamande vāte paharante <a name="P0.0334"></a> kiñcāpi tattha pathavīpi atthi tejopi atthi, vāyodhātumeva pana ābhujati. Evaṃ ābhujitavasena ārammaṇaṃ karoti nāma.</p>
    2142. 

  2142. <p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="M0.0370"></a> pana upakkhalati vā sīsena vā rukkhaṃ paharati bhuñjanto vā sakkharaṃ ḍaṃsati, so <a name="V0.0365"></a> kiñcāpi tattha tejopi atthi vāyopi atthi, ussadavasena pana pathavīdhātumeva ārammaṇaṃ karoti. Aggiṃ akkamantopi kiñcāpi tattha pathavīpi atthi vāyopi atthi, ussadavasena pana tejodhātumeva ārammaṇaṃ karoti. Balavavāte kaṇṇasakkhaliṃ paharitvā badhirabhāvaṃ karonte. Kiñcāpi tattha pathavīpi atthi tejopi atthi, ussadavasena pana vāyodhātumeva ārammaṇaṃ karoti.</p>
    2143. 

  2143. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃkiñci dhātuṃ ārammaṇaṃ karontassa kāyaviññāṇampi ekappahārena nuppajjati. Sūcikalāpena viddhassa ekappahārena kāyo ghaṭṭiyati. Yasmiṃ yasmiṃ pana ṭhāne kāyapasādo ussanno hoti, tattha tattha kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati. Yattha yatthāpi paṭighaṭṭananighaṃso balavā hoti tattha tattha paṭhamaṃ uppajjati. Kukkuṭapattena vaṇe dhoviyamāne aṃsuaṃsu kāyapasādaṃ ghaṭṭeti. Yattha yattha pana pasādo ussanno hoti, tattha tattheva kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati. Evaṃ ussadavasena ārammaṇaṃ karoti. Ussadavaseneva ca kāyaviññāṇaṃ uppajjati nāma.</p>
    2144. 

  2144. <p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ pana cittassa ārammaṇato saṅkanti hotīti? Dvīhākārehi hoti – ajjhāsayato vā visayādhimattato vā. Vihārapūjādīsu hi ‘tāni tāni cetiyāni ceva paṭimāyo ca vandissāmi, potthakammacittakammāni ca olokessāmī’ti ajjhāsayena gato ekaṃ vanditvā vā passitvā vā itarassa vandanatthāya vā dassanatthāya vā manaṃ katvā vanditumpi passitumpi gacchatiyeva, evaṃ ajjhāsayato saṅkamati nāma.</p>
    2145. 

  2145. <p class="bodytext">Kelāsakūṭapaṭibhāgaṃ pana mahācetiyaṃ olokento ṭhitopi aparabhāge sabbatūriyesu paggahitesu rūpārammaṇaṃ vissajjetvā saddārammaṇaṃ saṅkamati. Manuññagandhesu pupphesu vā gandhesu vā ābhatesu saddārammaṇaṃ vissajjetvā gandhārammaṇaṃ saṅkamati. Evaṃ visayādhimattato saṅkamati nāma.</p>
    2146. 

  2146. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para651"></a><span class="paranum">651</span>. Āpodhātuniddese <a name="P0.0335"></a> <span class="bld">āpo</span>ti sabhāvaniddeso. Āpova <span class="bld">āpogataṃ</span>. Sinehavasena <span class="bld">sineho,</span> sinehova <span class="bld">sinehagataṃ. Bandhanattaṃ</span> <a name="M0.0371"></a> <span class="bld">rūpassā</span>ti pathavīdhātuādikassa bhūtarūpassa bandhanabhāvo. Ayopiṇḍiādīni hi āpodhātu ābandhitvā baddhāni karoti. Tāya ābaddhattā tāni baddhāni nāma honti. Pāsāṇapabbatatālaṭṭhihatthidantagosiṅgādīsupi eseva nayo<a name="V0.0366"></a>. Sabbāni hetāni āpodhātu eva ābandhitvā baddhāni karoti. Āpodhātuyā ābaddhattāva baddhāni honti.</p>
    2147. 

  2147. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana pathavīdhātu sesadhātūnaṃ patiṭṭhā hoti na hotīti hoti phusitvā hoti udāhu aphusitvā? Āpodhātu vā sesā ābandhamānā phusitvā ābandhati udāhu aphusitvāti? Pathavīdhātu tāva āpodhātuyā aphusitvāva patiṭṭhā hoti, tejodhātuyā ca vāyodhātuyā ca phusitvā. Āpodhātu pana pathavīdhātumpi tejovāyodhātuyopi aphusitvāva ābandhati. Yadi phusitvā ābandheyya phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ nāma bhaveyya.</p>
    2148. 

  2148. <p class="bodytext">Tejodhātuvāyodhātūnampi sesadhātūsu sakasakakiccakaraṇe eseva nayo. Tejodhātu hi pathavīdhātuṃ phusitvā jhāpeti. Sā pana na uṇhā hutvā jhāyati. Yadi uṇhā hutvā jhāyeyya uṇhattalakkhaṇā nāma bhaveyya. Āpodhātuṃ pana aphusitvāva tāpeti. Sāpi tapamānā na uṇhā hutvā tapati. Yadi uṇhā hutvā tapeyya uṇhattalakkhaṇā nāma bhaveyya. Vāyodhātuṃ pana phusitvāva tāpeti. Sāpi tapamānā na uṇhā hutvā tapati. Yadi uṇhā hutvā tapeyya uṇhattalakkhaṇā nāma bhaveyya. Vāyodhātu pathavīdhātuṃ phusitvā vitthambheti, tathā tejodhātuṃ āpodhātuṃ <a name="P0.0336"></a> pana aphusitvāva vitthambheti.</p>
    2149. 

  2149. <p class="bodytext">Ucchurasaṃ pacitvā phāṇitapiṇḍe kariyamāne āpodhātu thaddhā hoti na hotīti? Na hoti. Sā hi paggharaṇalakkhaṇā. Pathavīdhātu kakkhaḷalakkhaṇā. Omattaṃ pana āpo adhimattapathavīgatikaṃ jātaṃ. Sā hi rasākārena ṭhitabhāvaṃ vijahati, lakkhaṇaṃ na vijahati. Phāṇitapiṇḍe vilīyamānepi pathavīdhātu na vilīyati. Kakkhaḷalakkhaṇā hi pathavīdhātu paggharaṇalakkhaṇā āpodhātu. Omattā pana pathavī adhimattaāpagatikā hoti. Sā piṇḍākārena ṭhitabhāvaṃ vijahati, lakkhaṇaṃ na vijahati. Catunnañhi <a name="M0.0372"></a> mahābhūtānaṃ bhāvaññathattameva hoti, lakkhaṇaññathattaṃ nāma natthi. Tassa abhāvo aṭṭhānaparikappasuttena dīpito. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    2150. 

  2150. <p class="indent">‘‘Siyā, ānanda, catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ aññathattaṃ, pathavīdhātuyā…pe… vāyodhātuyā<a name="V0.0367"></a>; na tveva buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatassa ariyasāvakassa siyā aññathatta’’nti (a. ni. 3.76).</p>
    2151. 

  2151. <p class="bodytext">Ayañhettha attho – ānanda, kakkhaḷattalakkhaṇā pathavīdhātu parivattitvā paggharaṇalakkhaṇā āpodhātu nāma bhaveyya, ariyasāvakassa pana aññathattaṃ nāma natthīti. Evamettha aṭṭhānaparikappo āgato.</p>
    2152. 

  2152. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para652"></a><span class="paranum">652</span>. Ito paresu upādiṇṇarūpādiniddesesu upādiṇṇapadādīnaṃ attho mātikākathāyaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbo. Cakkhāyatanādīni heṭṭhā vitthāritāneva. Tattha tattha pana visesamattameva vakkhāma.</p>
    2153. 

  2153. <p class="bodytext">Upādiṇṇaniddese tāva cakkhāyatanādīni ekantaupādiṇṇattā vuttāni. Yasmā pana rūpāyatanādīni upādiṇṇānipi atthi anupādiṇṇānipi, tasmā tāni yaṃ vā panāti saṅkhepato dassetvā puna kammassa katattā rūpāyatanantiādinā nayena vitthāritāni. Iminā upāyena sabbayevāpanakesu attho veditabbo.</p>
    2154. 

  2154. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana ‘kammassa katattā’ti ca ‘na kammassa katattā’ti ca ubhinnampi niddese ‘jaratā ca aniccatā ca’ na gahitā, anupādiṇṇādīnaṃyeva niddesesu gahitāti? Na kammassa <a name="P0.0337"></a> katattāti ettha tāva kammato aññapaccayasamuṭṭhānaṃ saṅgahitaṃ. ‘Kammassa katattā’ti ettha kammasamuṭṭhānameva. Imāni ca dve rūpāni neva kammato na aññasmā rūpajanakapaccayā uppajjanti, tasmā na gahitāni. Sā ca nesaṃ anuppatti parato āvi bhavissati. Anupādiṇṇantiādīsu pana kevalaṃ anupādiṇṇādiggahaṇena kammādisamuṭṭhānatā paṭikkhittā, naaññapaccayasamuṭṭhānatā anuññātā. Tasmā tattha gahitānīti veditabbāni.</p>
    2155. 

  2155. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para666"></a><span class="paranum">666</span>. Cittasamuṭṭhānaniddese kāyaviññatti vacīviññattīti idaṃ dvayaṃ yasmā ekantacittasamuṭṭhānāni bhūtāni upādāya paññāyati, tasmā vuttaṃ. Paramatthato <a name="M0.0373"></a> pana tassa nissayabhūtāni bhūtāneva cittasamuṭṭhānāni, taṃnissitattā. Yathā aniccassa rūpassa jarāmaraṇaṃ aniccaṃ nāma hoti, evamidampi cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ nāma jātaṃ.</p>
    2156. 

  2156. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para668"></a><span class="paranum">668</span>. Cittasahabhuniddesepi <a name="V0.0368"></a> eseva nayo. Yāva cittaṃ tāva paññāyanato idameva dvayaṃ vuttaṃ. Na panetaṃ cittena saha bhūtāni viya, cetanādayo viya ca uppajjati.</p>
    2157. 

  2157. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para670"></a><span class="paranum">670</span>. Cittānuparivattitāyapi eseva nayo. Yāva cittaṃ tāva paññāyanato eva hetaṃ dvayaṃ <span class="bld">cittānuparivattī</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2158. 

  2158. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para674"></a><span class="paranum">674</span>. <span class="bld">Oḷārika</span>nti vatthārammaṇabhūtattā saṃṅghaṭṭanavasena gahetabbato thūlaṃ. Vuttavipallāsato <span class="bld">sukhumaṃ</span> veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2159. 

  2159. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para676"></a><span class="paranum">676</span>. <span class="bld">Dūre</span>ti ghaṭṭanavasena aggahetabbattā dubbiññeyyabhāvena samīpe ṭhitampi dūre. Itaraṃ pana ghaṭṭanavasena gahetabbattā suviññeyyabhāvena dūre ṭhitampi <span class="bld">santike</span>. Cakkhāyatanādiniddesā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva vitthārato veditabbā. Idaṃ <a name="P0.0338"></a> tāva duvidhena rūpasaṅgahe visesamattaṃ. Tividhasaṅgaho uttānatthova.</p>
    2160. 

  2160. <p class="subhead">Catukkaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2161. 

  2161. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para966"></a><span class="paranum">966</span>. Catubbidhasaṅgahāvasāne diṭṭhādīnaṃ pacchimapadassa bhedābhāvena ādito paṭṭhāya pucchaṃ akatvāva <span class="bld">rūpāyatanaṃ diṭṭhaṃ saddāyatanaṃ suta</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpāyatanaṃ</span> cakkhunā oloketvā dakkhituṃ sakkāti <span class="bld">‘diṭṭhaṃ’</span> nāma jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Saddāyatanaṃ</span> sotena sutvā jānituṃ sakkāti <span class="bld">‘sutaṃ’</span> nāma jātaṃ. Gandhāyatanādittayaṃ ghānajivhākāyehi patvā gahetabbato munitvā jānitabbaṭṭhena <span class="bld">mutaṃ</span> nāma jātaṃ. Phusitvā viññāṇuppattikāraṇato <span class="bld">‘mutaṃ’</span> nāmātipi vuttaṃ. Sabbameva pana rūpaṃ manoviññāṇena jānitabbanti <span class="bld">manasā viññātaṃ</span> nāma jātaṃ.</p>
    2162. 

  2162. <p class="subhead">Pañcakaniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2163. 

  2163. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para967"></a><span class="paranum">967</span>. Pañcavidhasaṅgahaniddese <a name="M0.0374"></a> <span class="bld">kakkhaḷa</span>nti thaddhaṃ. Kharameva <span class="bld">kharagataṃ,</span> pharusanti attho. Itare dvepi sabhāvaniddesā eva. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti niyakajjhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti bāhiraṃ. <span class="bld">Upādiṇṇa</span>nti na kammasamuṭṭhānameva. Avisesena pana sarīraṭṭhakassetaṃ gahaṇaṃ. Sarīraṭṭhakañhi upādiṇṇaṃ vā hotu anupādiṇṇaṃ vā, ādinnagahitaparāmaṭṭhavasena sabbaṃ upādiṇṇameva nāma.</p>
    2164. 

  2164. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para969"></a><span class="paranum">969</span>. <span class="bld">Tejogata</span>nti <a name="V0.0369"></a> sabbatejesu gataṃ uṇhattalakkhaṇaṃ, tejo eva vā tejobhāvaṃ gatanti <span class="bld">‘tejogataṃ’. Usmā</span>ti usmākāro. <span class="bld">Usmāgata</span>nti usmābhāvaṃ gataṃ. Usmākārassevetaṃ nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Usuma</span>nti balavausmā. Usumameva usumabhāvaṃ gatanti <span class="bld">usumagataṃ</span>.</p>
    2165. 

  2165. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para970"></a><span class="paranum">970</span>. Vāyanakavasena <span class="bld">vāyo</span>. Vāyova vāyobhāvaṃ gatattā <span class="bld">vāyogataṃ. Thambhitatta</span>nti uppalanāḷatacādīnaṃ viya vātapuṇṇānaṃ thambhitabhāvo rūpassa.</p>
    2166. 

  2166. <p class="subhead">Chakkādiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2167. 

  2167. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para972-4"></a><span class="paranum">972-4</span>. Chabbidhādisaṅgahānaṃ <a name="P0.0339"></a> tiṇṇaṃ osānapadassa bhedābhāvato ādito paṭṭhāya apucchitvāva niddeso kato. Tattha cakkhuviññāṇena jānituṃ sakkāti <span class="bld">cakkhuviññeyyaṃ</span>…pe… manoviññāṇena jānituṃ sakkāti <span class="bld">manoviññeyyaṃ</span>. Tividhāya manodhātuyā jānituṃ sakkāti <span class="bld">manodhātuviññeyyaṃ sabbaṃ rūpa</span>nti ettha yasmā ekaṃ rūpampi manoviññāṇadhātuyā ajānitabbaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā ‘sabbaṃ rūpa’nti vuttaṃ. Sammāsambuddhena hi abhidhammaṃ patvā nayaṃ kātuṃ yuttaṭṭhāne nayo akato nāma natthi. Idañca ekarūpassāpi manoviññāṇadhātuyā ajānitabbassa abhāvena nayaṃ kātuṃ yuttaṭṭhānaṃ nāma, tasmā nayaṃ karonto ‘sabbaṃ rūpa’nti āha.</p>
    2168. 

  2168. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para974"></a><span class="paranum">974</span>. <span class="bld">Sukhasamphasso</span>ti sukhavedanāpaṭilābhapaccayo. <span class="bld">Dukkhasamphasso</span>ti dukkhavedanāpaṭilābhapaccayo. Idhāpi phoṭṭhabbārammaṇassa sukhadukkhassa sabbhāvato ayaṃ nayo dinno.</p>
    2169. 

  2169. <p class="subhead">Navakādiniddesavaṇṇanā</p>
    2170. 

  2170. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para975"></a><span class="paranum">975</span>. Navake <a name="M0.0375"></a> pana indriyarūpassa nāma atthitāya nayo dinno. Tasseva sappaṭighaappaṭighatāya dasake nayo dinno. Ekādasake aḍḍhekādasa āyatanāni vibhattāni. Tesaṃ niddesavārā heṭṭhā vuttanayena vitthārato veditabbā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthameva.</p>
    2171. 

  2171. <p class="title">Pakiṇṇakakathā</p>
    2172. 

  2172. <p class="bodytext">Imesu <a name="V0.0370"></a> pana rūpesu asammohatthaṃ samodhānaṃ samuṭṭhānaṃ parinipphannañca saṅkhatanti idaṃ ‘pakiṇṇakaṃ’ veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2173. 

  2173. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘samodhāna’</span>nti sabbameva hidaṃ rūpaṃ samodhānato cakkhāyatanaṃ…pe… kabaḷīkāro āhāro, phoṭṭhabbāyatanaṃ āpodhātūti pañcavīsatisaṅkhyaṃ hoti. Taṃ vatthurūpena saddhiṃ chabbīsatisaṅkhyaṃ veditabbaṃ. Ito <a name="P0.0340"></a> aññaṃ rūpaṃ nāma natthi. Keci pana ‘middharūpaṃ nāma atthī’ti vadanti. Te ‘‘addhā munīsi sambuddho, natthi nīvaraṇā tavā’’tiādīni (su. ni. 546) vatvā middharūpaṃ nāma natthīti paṭisedhetabbā. Apare balarūpena saddhiṃ sattavīsati, sambhavarūpena saddhiṃ aṭṭhavīsati, jātirūpena saddhiṃ ekūnatiṃsati, rogarūpena saddhiṃ samatiṃsati rūpānīti vadanti. Tepi tesaṃ visuṃ abhāvaṃ dassetvā paṭikkhipitabbā. Vāyodhātuyā hi gahitāya balarūpaṃ gahitameva, aññaṃ balarūpaṃ nāma natthi. Āpodhātuyā sambhavarūpaṃ, upacayasantatīhi jātirūpaṃ, jaratāaniccatāhi gahitāhi rogarūpaṃ gahitameva. Aññaṃ rogarūpaṃ nāma natthi. Yopi kaṇṇarogādi ābādho so visamapaccayasamuṭṭhitadhātumattameva. Na añño tattha rogo nāma atthīti samodhānato chabbīsatimeva rūpāni.</p>
    2174. 

  2174. <p class="bodytext">‘Samuṭṭhāna’nti kati rūpāni katisamuṭṭhānāni? Dasa ekasamuṭṭhānāni, ekaṃ dvisamuṭṭhānaṃ, tīṇi tisamuṭṭhānāni, nava catusamuṭṭhānāni, dve na kenaci samuṭṭhahanti.</p>
    2175. 

  2175. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkhupasādo…pe… jīvitindriyanti imāni aṭṭha ekantaṃ kammatova samuṭṭhahanti. Kāyaviññattivacīviññattidvayaṃ ekantena cittato samuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">dasa</span> <a name="M0.0376"></a> <span class="bld">‘ekasamuṭṭhānāni’</span> nāma. Saddo ututo ca cittato ca samuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">eko ‘dvisamuṭṭhāno’</span> nāma. Tattha aviññāṇakasaddo ututo samuṭṭhāti, saviññāṇakasaddo cittato. Lahutādittayaṃ pana utucittāhārehi samuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">tīṇi ‘tisamuṭṭhānāni’</span> nāma. Avasesāni nava rūpāni tehi kammena cāti catūhi samuṭṭhahantīti <span class="bld">nava ‘catusamuṭṭhānāni’</span> nāma. Jaratā aniccatā pana etesu ekatopi na samuṭṭhahantīti <span class="bld">dve ‘na kenaci samuṭṭhahanti’</span> nāma. Kasmā? Ajāyanato. Na hi etāni jāyanti. Kasmā? Jātassa pākabhedattā. Uppannañhi rūpaṃ jīrati bhijjatīti <a name="V0.0371"></a> avassaṃ <a name="P0.0341"></a> panetaṃ sampaṭicchitabbaṃ. Na hi uppannaṃ rūpaṃ arūpaṃ vā akkhayaṃ nāma dissati. Yāva pana na bhijjati tāvassa paripākoti siddhametaṃ. ‘Jātassa pākabhedattā’ti yadi ca tāni jāyeyyuṃ tesampi pākabhedā bhaveyyuṃ. Na ca pāko paccati, bhedo vā bhijjatīti jātassa pākabhedattā netaṃ dvayaṃ jāyati.</p>
    2176. 

  2176. <p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – yathā ‘kammassa katattā’ti ādiniddesesu ‘rūpassa upacayo rūpassa santatī’ti vacanena ‘jāti’ jāyatīti sampaṭicchitaṃ hoti, evaṃ ‘pāko’pi paccatu ‘bhedo’pi bhijjatūti. ‘‘Na tattha ‘jāti jāyatī’ti sampaṭicchitaṃ. Ye pana dhammā kammādīhi nibbattanti tesaṃ abhinibbattibhāvato jātiyā tappaccayabhāvavohāro anumato. Na pana paramatthato jāti jāyati. Jāyamānassa hi abhinibbattimattaṃ jātī’’ti.</p>
    2177. 

  2177. <p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – ‘yatheva jāti yesaṃ dhammānaṃ abhinibbatti tappaccayabhāvavohāraṃ abhinibbattivohārañca labhati, tathā pākabhedāpi yesaṃ dhammānaṃ pākabhedā tappaccayabhāvavohāraṃ abhinibbattivohārañca labhantu. Evaṃ idampi dvayaṃ kammādisamuṭṭhānamevāti vattabbaṃ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Na pākabhedā taṃ vohāraṃ labhanti. Kasmā? Janakapaccayānubhāvakkhaṇe abhāvato. Janakapaccayānañhi uppādetabbadhammassa uppādakkhaṇeyeva ānubhāvo, na tato uttari. Tehi abhinibbattitadhammakkhaṇasmiñca jāti paññāyamānā tappaccayabhāvavohāraṃ abhinibbattivohārañca labhati, tasmiṃ khaṇe sabbhāvato; na itaradvayaṃ, tasmiṃ khaṇe abhāvatoti nevetaṃ jāyatī’ti vattabbaṃ. ‘‘Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.20) āgatattā <a name="M0.0377"></a> idampi dvayaṃ jāyatīti ce – ‘na, pariyāyadesitattā. Tattha hi paṭiccasamuppannānaṃ dhammānaṃ jarāmaraṇattā pariyāyena taṃ paṭiccasamuppanna’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2178. 

  2178. <p class="bodytext">‘Yadi evaṃ, tayampetaṃ ajātattā sasavisāṇaṃ <a name="P0.0342"></a> viya natthi; nibbānaṃ viya vā nicca’nti ce – na, nissayapaṭibaddhavuttito; pathavīādīnañhi nissayānaṃ bhāve jātiādittayaṃ paññāyati, tasmā na natthi. Tesañca abhāve na paññāyati, tasmā na niccaṃ. Etampi ca abhinivesaṃ paṭisedhetuṃ eva idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ <a name="V0.0372"></a> paṭiccasamuppanna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.20). Evamādīhi nayehi tāni dve rūpāni na kehici samuṭṭhahantīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2179. 

  2179. <p class="bodytext">Apica ‘samuṭṭhāna’nti ettha ayamaññopi attho. Tassāyaṃ mātikā – ‘kammajaṃ kammapaccayaṃ kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ, āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ āhārapaccayaṃ āhārapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ, utusamuṭṭhānaṃ utupaccayaṃ utupaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ, cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ cittapaccayaṃ cittapaccayautusamuṭṭhāna’nti.</p>
    2180. 

  2180. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkhupasādādi aṭṭhavidhaṃ rūpaṃ saddhiṃ hadayavatthunā <span class="bld">‘kammajaṃ’</span> nāma. Kesamassu hatthidantā assavālā camaravālāti evamādi <span class="bld">‘kammapaccayaṃ’</span> nāma. Cakkaratanaṃ devatānaṃ uyyānavimānādīnīti evamādi <span class="bld">‘kammapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma.</p>
    2181. 

  2181. <p class="bodytext">Āhārato samuṭṭhitaṃ suddhaṭṭhakaṃ <span class="bld">‘āhārasamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma. Kabaḷīkāro āhāro dvinnampi rūpasantatīnaṃ paccayo hoti āhārasamuṭṭhānassa ca upādinnassa ca. Āhārasamuṭṭhānassa janako hutvā paccayo hoti, kammajassa anupālako hutvāti idaṃ āhārānupālitaṃ kammajarūpaṃ <span class="bld">‘āhārapaccayaṃ’</span> nāma. Visabhāgāhāraṃ sevitvā ātape gacchantassa tilakakāḷakuṭṭhādīni uppajjanti, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘āhārapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma.</p>
    2182. 

  2182. <p class="bodytext">Ututo samuṭṭhitaṃ suddhaṭṭhakaṃ <span class="bld">‘utusamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma. Tasmiṃ utu aññaṃ aṭṭhakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘utupaccayaṃ’</span> <a name="P0.0343"></a> nāma. Tasmimpi utu aññaṃ aṭṭhakaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘utupaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma. Evaṃ tissoyeva santatiyo ghaṭṭetuṃ sakkoti. Na tato paraṃ. Imamatthaṃ anupādinnakenāpi dīpetuṃ vaṭṭati. Utusamuṭṭhāno nāma valāhako. Utupaccayā nāma <a name="M0.0378"></a> vuṭṭhidhārā. Deve pana vuṭṭhe bījāni virūhanti, pathavī gandhaṃ muñcati, pabbatā nīlā khāyanti, samuddo vaḍḍhati, etaṃ <span class="bld">utupaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
    2183. 

  2183. <p class="bodytext">Cittato samuṭṭhitaṃ suddhaṭṭhakaṃ <span class="bld">‘cittasamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma. ‘‘Pacchājātā cittacetasikā dhammā purejātassa imassa kāyassa pacchājātapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.11) idaṃ ‘cittapaccayaṃ’ nāma. Ākāse antalikkhe hatthimpi dasseti, assampi dasseti, rathampi dasseti<a name="V0.0373"></a>, vividhampi senābyūhaṃ dassetitī (paṭi. ma. 3.18) idaṃ <span class="bld">‘cittapaccayautusamuṭṭhānaṃ’</span> nāma.</p>
    2184. 

  2184. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Parinipphanna’</span>nti pannarasa rūpāni parinipphannāni nāma, dasa aparinipphannāni nāma. ‘Yadi aparinipphannā, asaṅkhatā nāma bhaveyyuṃ’. ‘‘Tesaṃyeva pana rūpānaṃ kāyavikāro ‘kāyaviññatti’ nāma, vacīvikāro ‘vacīviññatti’ nāma, chiddaṃ vivaraṃ ‘ākāsadhātu’ nāma, lahubhāvo ‘lahutā’ nāma, mudubhāvo ‘mudutā’ nāma, kammaññabhāvo ‘kammaññatā’ nāma, nibbatti ‘upacayo’ nāma, pavatti ‘santati’ nāma, jīraṇākāro ‘jaratā’ nāma, hutvā abhāvākāro ‘aniccatā’ nāmāti. Sabbaṃ parinipphannaṃ saṅkhatameva hotī’’ti.</p>
    2185. 

  2185. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasāliniyā dhammasaṅgahaaṭṭhakathāya</p>
    2186. 

  2186. <p class="centered">Rūpakaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    2187. 

  2187. <p class="chapter">3. Nikkhepakaṇḍo</p>
    2188. 

  2188. <p class="title">Tikanikkhepakathā</p>
    2189. 

  2189. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para985"></a><span class="paranum">985</span>. Ettāvatā <a name="M0.0379"></a><a name="V0.0374"></a> kusalattiko sabbesaṃ kusalādidhammānaṃ padabhājananayena vitthārito hoti. Yasmā pana yvāyaṃ kusalattikassa vibhajananayo vutto, sesatikadukānampi eseva vibhajananayo hoti – yathā hi ettha, evaṃ ‘katame dhammā sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā? Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti somanassasahagataṃ ñāṇasampayuttaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ vā…pe… <a name="P0.0344"></a> ye vā pana tasmiṃ samaye aññepi atthi paṭiccasamuppannā arūpino dhammā ṭhapetvā vedanākhandhaṃ, ime dhammā sukhāya vedanāya sampayuttā’tiādinā anukkamena sabbatikadukesu sakkā paṇḍitehi vibhājananayaṃ sallakkhetuṃ – tasmā taṃ vitthāradesanaṃ nikkhipitvā, aññena nātisaṅkhepanātivitthāranayena sabbatikadukadhammavibhāgaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">katame dhammā kusalā</span>ti nikkhepakaṇḍaṃ āraddhaṃ. Cittuppādakaṇḍañhi vitthāradesanā, aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ saṅkhepadesanā. Idaṃ pana nikkhepakaṇḍaṃ cittuppādakaṇḍaṃ upādāya saṅkhepo, aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ upādāya vitthāroti saṅkhittavitthāradhātukaṃ hoti. Tayidaṃ, vitthāradesanaṃ nikkhipitvā desitattāpi, heṭṭhā vuttakāraṇavasenāpi, nikkhepakaṇḍaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
    2190. 

  2190. <p class="gatha1">Mūlato khandhato cāpi, dvārato cāpi bhūmito;</p>
    2191. 

  2191. <p class="gatha2">Atthato dhammato cāpi, nāmato cāpi liṅgato;</p>
    2192. 

  2192. <p class="gathalast">Nikkhipitvā desitattā, nikkhepoti pavuccatīti.</p>
    2193. 

  2193. <p class="bodytext">Idañhi <span class="bld">tīṇi kusalamūlānī</span>tiādinā nayena mūlato nikkhipitvā desitaṃ. Taṃsampayutto vedanākkhandhoti <a name="V0.0375"></a> khandhato. Taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammanti dvārato. Kāyadvārappavattañhi kammaṃ kāyakammanti vuccati. Sukhabhūmiyaṃ, kāmāvacareti bhūmito nikkhipitvā desitaṃ. Tattha tattha atthadhammanāmaliṅgānaṃ vasena desitattā atthādīhi nikkhipitvā desitaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2194. 

  2194. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0380"></a> kusalapadaniddese tāva <span class="bld">tīṇī</span>ti gaṇanaparicchedo. Kusalāni ca tāni mūlāni ca, kusalānaṃ vā dhammānaṃ hetupaccayapabhavajanakasamuṭṭhānanibbattakaṭṭhena mūlānīti <span class="bld">kusalamūlāni</span>. Evaṃ atthavasena dassetvā idāni nāmavasena dassetuṃ <span class="bld">alobho adoso amoho</span>ti āha. Ettāvatā yasmā mūlena muttaṃ kusalaṃ nāma natthi, tasmā catubhūmakakusalaṃ tīhi mūlehi pariyādiyitvā dassesi dhammarājā. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutto</span>ti <a name="P0.0345"></a> tehi alobhādīhi sampayutto. Tattha alobhena sampayutte saṅkhārakkhandhe, adosāmohāpi alobhena sampayuttasaṅkhārakkhandhagaṇanaṃyeva gacchanti. Sesadvayavasena sampayogepi eseva nayo. Iti catubhūmakakusalaṃ puna taṃsampayuttakacatukkhandhavasena pariyādiyitvā dassesi dhammarājā. <span class="bld">Taṃsamuṭṭhāna</span>nti tehi alobhādīhi samuṭṭhitaṃ. Imināpi nayena tadeva catubhūmikakusalaṃ tiṇṇaṃ kammadvārānaṃ vasena pariyādiyitvā dassesi dhammarājā. Evaṃ tāva kusalaṃ tīsu ṭhānesu pariyādiyitvā dassitaṃ.</p>
    2195. 

  2195. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para986"></a><span class="paranum">986</span>. Akusalepi eseva nayo. Dvādasannañhi akusalacittānaṃ ekampi mūlena muttaṃ nāma natthīti mūlena pariyādiyitvā dassesi dhammarājā. Taṃsampayuttacatukkhandhato ca uddhaṃ akusalaṃ nāma natthīti tāneva dvādasa akusalacittāni catukkhandhavasena pariyādiyitvā dassesi. Dhammarājā kāyakammādivasena pana nesaṃ pavattisabbhāvato kammadvāravasena pariyādiyitvā dassesi dhammarājā. Yaṃ panettha <span class="bld">tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ, tattha ekasmiṃ citte puggale vā ṭhitanti <span class="bld">‘ekaṭṭhaṃ’</span>. Tattha ekasmiṃ citte ṭhitaṃ sahajekaṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti. Ekasmiṃ puggale ṭhitaṃ pahānekaṭṭhaṃ nāma. Tena lobhādinā aññena vā tattha tattha niddiṭṭhena saha ekasmiṃ ṭhitanti <span class="bld">tadekaṭṭhaṃ</span>. Tattha ‘katame dhammā saṃkiliṭṭhasaṃkilesikā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti saṃkiliṭṭhattike; ‘katame dhammā hīnā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti hīnattike ‘katame dhammā akusalā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti imasmiṃ <a name="P0.0346"></a> kusalattike; ‘katame <a name="M0.0381"></a> dhammā saṃkiliṭṭhā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti kilesagocchake ‘katame dhammā saraṇā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni <a name="V0.0376"></a> – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesāti saraṇaduke’ti – imesu ettakesu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">‘sahajekaṭṭhaṃ’</span> āgataṃ.</p>
    2196. 

  2196. <p class="bodytext">Dassanenapahātabbattike pana ‘imāni tīṇi saṃyojanāni, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti, dassanenapahātabbahetukattikepi ‘imāni tīṇi saṃyojanāni, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’ti, puna tattheva tīṇi saṃyojanāni – sakkāyadiṭṭhi vicikicchā sīlabbataparāmāso, ime dhammā dassanenapahātabbā; tadekaṭṭho lobho doso moho, ime dhammā dassanenapahātabbahetū; tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā taṃsampayutto vedanākhandho…pe… viññāṇakkhandho, taṃsamuṭṭhānaṃ kāyakammaṃ vacīkammaṃ manokammaṃ, ime dhammā dassanenapahātabbahetukāti; sammappadhānavibhaṅge ‘‘tattha katame pāpakā akusalā dhammā? Tīṇi akusalamūlāni – lobho doso moho, tadekaṭṭhā ca kilesā’’ti (vibha. 391) – imesu pana ettakesu ṭhānesu <span class="bld">‘pahānekaṭṭhaṃ’</span> āgatanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2197. 

  2197. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para987"></a><span class="paranum">987</span>. Abyākatapadaniddeso uttānatthoyevāti. Imasmiṃ tike tīṇi lakkhaṇāni tisso paññattiyo kasiṇugghāṭimākāsaṃ ajaṭākāsaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanassa ārammaṇaṃ nirodhasamāpatti ca na labbhatīti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2198. 

  2198. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para988"></a><span class="paranum">988</span>. <span class="bld">Vedanāttika</span>niddese <span class="bld">sukhabhūmiya</span>nti ettha yathā tambabhūmi kaṇhabhūmīti tambakaṇhabhūmiyova vuccanti, evaṃ sukhampi sukhabhūmi nāma. Yathā ucchubhūmi sālibhūmīti ucchusālīnaṃ uppajjanaṭṭhānāni vuccanti, evaṃ sukhassa uppajjanaṭṭhānaṃ cittampi sukhabhūmi nāma. Taṃ idha adhippetaṃ. Yasmā pana sā kāmāvacare vā hoti, rūpāvacarādīsu vā, tasmāssā <a name="P0.0347"></a> taṃ pabhedaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kāmāvacare</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhavedanaṃ ṭhapetvā</span>ti yā sā sukhabhūmiyaṃ sukhavedanā, taṃ ṭhapetvā. <span class="bld">Taṃsampayutto</span>ti tāya ṭhapitāya sukhavedanāya sampayutto. Sesapadadvayepi imināva nayena attho veditabboti.</p>
    2199. 

  2199. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ <a name="M0.0382"></a> tike tisso vedanā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ, nibbānanti idampi na labbhati. Ayañhi tiko kusalattike ca alabbhamānehi imehi ca tīhi koṭṭhāsehi muttako nāma. Ito paresu pana tikadukesu pāḷito ca atthato ca yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā taṃ sabbaṃ padānukkamena mātikākathāyañceva kusalādīnaṃ niddese ca vuttameva. Yaṃ pana yattha visesamattaṃ tadeva vakkhāma.</p>
    2200. 

  2200. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para991"></a><span class="paranum">991</span>. Tattha <a name="V0.0377"></a> <span class="bld">vipākattike</span> tāva kiñcāpi arūpadhammā viya rūpadhammāpi kammasamuṭṭhānā atthi, anārammaṇattā pana te kammasarikkhakā na hontīti sārammaṇā arūpadhammāva kammasarikkhakattā vipākāti vuttā, bījasarikkhakaṃ phalaṃ viya. Sālibījasmiñhi vapite aṅkurapattādīsu nikkhantesupi sāliphalanti na vuccati. Yadā pana sālisīsaṃ pakkaṃ hoti pariṇataṃ, tadā bījasarikkhako sāli eva sāliphalanti vuccati. Aṅkurapattādīni pana bījajātāni bījato nibbattānīti vuccanti, evameva rūpampi kammajanti vā upādiṇṇanti vā vattuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
    2201. 

  2201. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para994"></a><span class="paranum">994</span>. <span class="bld">Upādiṇṇattike</span> kiñcāpi khīṇāsavassa khandhā ‘amhākaṃ mātulatthero amhākaṃ cūḷapitutthero’ti vadantānaṃ paresaṃ upādānassa paccayā honti, maggaphalanibbānāni pana aggahitāni aparāmaṭṭhāni anupādiṇṇāneva. Tāni hi, yathā divasaṃ santatto ayoguḷo makkhikānaṃ abhinisīdanassa paccayo na hoti, evameva tejussadattā taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena gahaṇassa paccayā na honti. Tena vuttaṃ – ime dhammā anupādiṇṇaanupādāniyāti.</p>
    2202. 

  2202. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para998"></a><span class="paranum">998</span>. Asaṃkiliṭṭhaasaṃkilesikesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2203. 

  2203. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1000"></a><span class="paranum">1000</span>. <span class="bld">Vitakkattike</span> vitakkasahajātena vicārena saddhiṃ kusalattike alabbhamānāva na labbhanti.</p>
    2204. 

  2204. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1003"></a><span class="paranum">1003</span>. <span class="bld">Pītisahagatattike</span> <a name="P0.0348"></a> pītiādayo attanā sahajātadhammānaṃ pītisahagatādibhāvaṃ datvā sayaṃ piṭṭhivaṭṭakā jātā. Imasmiñhi tike dve domanassasahagatacittuppādā <a name="M0.0383"></a> dukkhasahagataṃ kāyaviññāṇaṃ upekkhāvedanā rūpaṃ nibbānanti – idampi na labbhati. Ayañhi tiko kusalattike ca alabbhamānehi imehi ca pañcahi koṭṭhāsehi muttako nāma.</p>
    2205. 

  2205. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1006"></a><span class="paranum">1006</span>. <span class="bld">Dassanenapahātabbattike saññojanānī</span>ti bandhanāni. <span class="bld">Sakkāyadiṭṭhī</span>ti vijjamānaṭṭhena sati khandhapañcakasaṅkhāte kāye; sayaṃ vā satī tasmiṃ kāye diṭṭhīti <span class="bld">‘sakkāyadiṭṭhi’</span>. Sīlena sujjhituṃ sakkā, vatena sujjhituṃ sakkā, sīlavatehi sujjhituṃ sakkāti gahitasamādānaṃ pana <span class="bld">sīlabbataparāmāso</span> nāma.</p>
    2206. 

  2206. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1007"></a><span class="paranum">1007</span>. <span class="bld">Idhā</span>ti <a name="V0.0378"></a> desāpadese nipāto. Svāyaṃ katthaci lokaṃ upādāya vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppajjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.189). Katthaci sāsanaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘idheva, bhikkhave, samaṇo idha dutiyo samaṇo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.139; a. ni. 4.241). Katthaci okāsaṃ. Yathāha –</p>
    2207. 

  2207. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Idheva tiṭṭhamānassa, devabhūtassa me sato;</p>
    2208. 

  2208. <p class="gathalast">Punarāyu ca me laddho, evaṃ jānāhi mārisā’’ti. (dī. ni. 2.369);</p>
    2209. 

  2209. <p class="bodytext">Katthaci padapūraṇamattameva. Yathāha – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhuttāvī assaṃ pavārito’’ti (ma. ni. 1.30). Idha pana lokaṃ upādāya vuttoti veditabbo.</p>
    2210. 

  2210. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Assutavā puthujjano</span>ti ettha pana ‘āgamādhigamābhāvā ñeyyo assutavā iti’. Yassa hi khandhadhātuāyatanapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānādīsu uggahaparipucchāvinicchayarahitattā diṭṭhipaṭisedhako neva ‘āgamo’, paṭipattiyā adhigantabbassa anadhigatattā neva ‘adhigamo’ atthi, so ‘āgamādhigamābhāvā ñeyyo assutavā iti’. Svāyaṃ –</p>
    2211. 

  2211. <p class="gatha1">Puthūnaṃ jananādīhi, kāraṇehi puthujjano;</p>
    2212. 

  2212. <p class="gathalast">Puthujjanantogadhattā, puthuvāyaṃ jano iti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7; ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.2; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.51; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.130; cūḷani. aṭṭha. 88; netti. aṭṭha. 56);</p>
    2213. 

  2213. <p class="bodytext">So <a name="P0.0349"></a> hi puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādīhi kāraṇehi <span class="bld">puthujjano</span>. Yathāha – ‘‘puthu kilese janentīti puthujjanā. Puthu avihatasakkāyadiṭṭhikāti puthujjanā. Puthu satthārānaṃ mukhullokikāti puthujjanā. Puthu sabbagatīhi avuṭṭhitāti puthujjanā. Puthu nānābhisaṅkhāre abhisaṅkharontīti <a name="M0.0384"></a> puthujjanā. Puthu nānāoghehi vuyhantīti puthujjanā. Puthu nānāsantāpehi santappantīti puthujjanā. Puthu nānāpariḷāhehi pariḍayhantīti puthujjanā. Puthu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu rattā giddhā gadhitā mucchitā ajjhosannā laggā laggitā palibuddhāti puthujjanā. Puthu <a name="V0.0379"></a> pañcahi nīvaraṇehi āvutā nivutā ovutā pihitā paṭicchannā paṭikujjitāti puthujjanā’’ti (mahāni. 94). Puthūnaṃ vā gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjanā. Puthu vā ayaṃ – visuṃyeva saṅkhyaṃ gato, visaṃsaṭṭho sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi – janotipi puthujjano. Evametehi ‘assutavā puthujjano’ti dvīhi padehi ye te –</p>
    2214. 

  2214. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;</p>
    2215. 

  2215. <p class="gathalast">Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti. (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 1.7; a. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.51; paṭi. ma. aṭṭha. 2.1.130; cūḷani. aṭṭha. 88);</p>
    2216. 

  2216. <p class="bodytext">Dve puthujjanā vuttā, tesu andhaputhujjano vutto hotīti veditabbo.</p>
    2217. 

  2217. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyānaṃ adassāvī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">ariyā</span>ti ārakattā kilesehi, anaye na iriyanato, aye iriyanato, sadevakena lokena ca araṇīyato buddhā ca paccekabuddhā ca buddhasāvakā ca vuccanti. Buddhā eva vā idha ariyā. Yathāha – ‘‘sadevake, bhikkhave, loke…pe… tathāgato ariyoti vuccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1098).</p>
    2218. 

  2218. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sappurisā</span>ti ettha pana paccekabuddhā tathāgatasāvakā ca sappurisāti veditabbā. Te hi lokuttaraguṇayogena sobhanā purisāti <span class="bld">sappurisā</span>. Sabbeva <a name="P0.0350"></a> vā ete dvedhāpi vuttā. Buddhāpi hi ariyā ca sappurisā ca paccekabuddhā buddhasāvakāpi. Yathāha –</p>
    2219. 

  2219. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yo ve kataññū katavedi dhīro,</p>
    2220. 

  2220. <p class="gatha2">Kalyāṇamitto daḷhabhatti ca hoti;</p>
    2221. 

  2221. <p class="gatha3">Dukhitassa sakkacca karoti kiccaṃ,</p>
    2222. 

  2222. <p class="gathalast">Tathāvidhaṃ sappurisaṃ vadantī’’ti. (jā. 2.17.78);</p>
    2223. 

  2223. <p class="bodytext">‘Kalyāṇamitto <a name="M0.0385"></a> daḷhabhatti ca hotī’ti ettāvatā hi buddhasāvako vutto. Kataññutādīhi <a name="V0.0380"></a> paccekabuddhā buddhāti. Idāni yo tesaṃ ariyānaṃ adassanasīlo, na ca dassane sādhukārī, so <span class="bld">ariyānaṃ adassāvī</span>ti veditabbo. So cakkhunā adassāvī ñāṇena adassāvīti duvidho. Tesu ñāṇena adassāvī idha adhippeto. Maṃsacakkhunā hi dibbacakkhunā vā ariyā diṭṭhāpi adiṭṭhāva honti, tesaṃ cakkhūnaṃ vaṇṇamattaggahaṇato, na ariyabhāvagocarato. Soṇasiṅgālādayopi cakkhunā ariye passanti, na ca te ariyānaṃ dassāvino.</p>
    2224. 

  2224. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu – cittalapabbatavāsino kira khīṇāsavattherassa upaṭṭhāko vuḍḍhapabbajito ekadivasaṃ therena saddhiṃ piṇḍāya caritvā therassa pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā piṭṭhito āgacchanto theraṃ pucchi – ‘ariyā nāma bhante kīdisā’ti? Thero āha – ‘idhekacco mahallako ariyānaṃ pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vattapaṭipattiṃ katvā saha carantopi neva ariye jānāti, evaṃdujjānāvuso, ariyā’ti. Evaṃ vuttepi so neva aññāsi. Tasmā na cakkhunā dassanaṃ ‘dassanaṃ’, ñāṇadassanameva ‘dassanaṃ’. Yathāha – ‘‘kiṃ te vakkali iminā pūtikāyena diṭṭhena? Yo kho, vakkali, dhammaṃ passati, so maṃ passatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.87). Tasmā cakkhunā passantopi, ñāṇena ariyehi diṭṭhaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇaṃ apassanto, ariyādhigatañca dhammaṃ anadhigacchanto, ariyakaradhammānaṃ ariyabhāvassa ca adiṭṭhattā, ‘ariyānaṃ adassāvī’ti veditabbo.</p>
    2225. 

  2225. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyadhammassa</span> <a name="P0.0351"></a> <span class="bld">akovido</span>ti satipaṭṭhānādibhede ariyadhamme akusalo. <span class="bld">Ariyadhamme avinīto</span>ti, ettha pana</p>
    2226. 

  2226. <p class="gatha1">Duvidho vinayo nāma, ekamekettha pañcadhā;</p>
    2227. 

  2227. <p class="gathalast">Abhāvato tassa ayaṃ, avinītoti vuccati.</p>
    2228. 

  2228. <p class="bodytext">Ayañhi saṃvaravinayo pahānavinayoti duvidho vinayo. Ettha ca duvidhepi vinaye ekameko vinayo pañcadhā bhijjati. <span class="bld">Saṃvaravinayo</span>pi hi sīlasaṃvaro satisaṃvaro ñāṇasaṃvaro khantisaṃvaro vīriyasaṃvaroti pañcavidho. <span class="bld">Pahānavinayo</span>pi tadaṅgapahānaṃ vikkhambhanapahānaṃ samucchedapahānaṃ paṭippassaddhipahānaṃ nissaraṇapahānanti pañcavidho.</p>
    2229. 

  2229. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0386"></a><a name="V0.0381"></a> ‘‘iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto’’ti (vibha. 511) ayaṃ <span class="bld">sīlasaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.213; ma. ni. 1.295; saṃ. ni. 4.239; a. ni. 3.16) ayaṃ <span class="bld">satisaṃvaro</span>.</p>
    2230. 

  2230. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, (ajitāti bhagavā)</p>
    2231. 

  2231. <p class="gatha2">Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;</p>
    2232. 

  2232. <p class="gatha3">Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi,</p>
    2233. 

  2233. <p class="gathalast">Paññāyete pidhīyare’’ti. (su. ni. 1041) –</p>
    2234. 

  2234. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ <span class="bld">ñāṇasaṃvaro</span> nāma. ‘‘Khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.24; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) ayaṃ <span class="bld">khantisaṃvaro</span>. ‘‘Uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāsetī’’ti (ma. ni. 1.26; a. ni. 4.114; 6.58) ayaṃ <span class="bld">vīriyasaṃvaro</span>. Sabbopi cāyaṃ saṃvaro yathāsakaṃ saṃvaritabbānaṃ vinetabbānañca kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro, vinayanato vinayoti vuccati. Evaṃ tāva ‘saṃvaravinayo’ pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo.</p>
    2235. 

  2235. <p class="bodytext">Tathā yaṃ nāmarūpaparicchedādīsu vipassanāñāṇesu paṭipakkhabhāvato, dīpālokeneva tamassa, tena tena vipassanāñāṇena tassa tassa anatthassa pahānaṃ, seyyathidaṃ – nāmarūpavavatthānena sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā, paccayapariggahena <a name="P0.0352"></a> ahetuvisamahetudiṭṭhīnaṃ, tasseva aparabhāgena kaṅkhāvitaraṇena kathaṃkathibhāvassa, kalāpasammasanena ‘ahaṃ mamā’ti gāhassa, maggāmaggavavatthānena amagge maggasaññāya, udayadassanena ucchedadiṭṭhiyā, vayadassanena sassatadiṭṭhiyā, bhayadassanena sabhaye abhayasaññāya, ādīnavadassanena assādasaññāya, nibbidānupassanāya abhiratisaññāya, muccitukamyatāñāṇena amuccitukāmatāya, upekkhāñāṇena anupekkhāya, anulomena dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ nibbāne ca paṭilomabhāvassa, gotrabhunā saṅkhāranimittaggāhassa pahānaṃ, etaṃ ‘tadaṅgapahānaṃ’ nāma.</p>
    2236. 

  2236. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana upacārappanābhedena samādhinā pavattibhāvanivāraṇato, ghaṭappahāreneva udakapiṭṭhe sevālassa, tesaṃ tesaṃ nīvaraṇādidhammānaṃ pahānaṃ, etaṃ <span class="bld">‘vikkhambhanapahānaṃ’</span> nāma. ‘‘Yaṃ catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā taṃtaṃmaggavato <a name="M0.0387"></a> attano attano santāne diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā’’tiādinā <a name="V0.0382"></a> (dha. sa. 277) nayena vuttassa samudayapakkhikassa kilesagaṇassa accantaṃ appavattibhāvena pahānaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">‘samucchedapahānaṃ’</span> nāma. Yaṃ pana phalakkhaṇe paṭippassaddhattaṃ kilesānaṃ, etaṃ <span class="bld">‘paṭippassaddhipahānaṃ’</span> nāma. Yaṃ sabbasaṅkhatanissaṭattā pahīnasabbasaṅkhataṃ nibbānaṃ, etaṃ <span class="bld">‘nissaraṇapahānaṃ’</span> nāma. Sabbampi cetaṃ pahānaṃ yasmā cāgaṭṭhena pahānaṃ, vinayanaṭṭhena vinayo, tasmā ‘pahānavinayo’ti vuccati. Taṃtaṃpahānavato vā tassa tassa vinayassa sambhavatopetaṃ pahānavinayoti vuccati. Evaṃ pahānavinayopi pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo.</p>
    2237. 

  2237. <p class="bodytext">Evamayaṃ saṅkhepato duvidho, bhedato ca dasavidho vinayo, bhinnasaṃvarattā, pahātabbassa ca appahīnattā, yasmā etassa assutavato puthujjanassa natthi, tasmā abhāvato tassa, ayaṃ ‘avinīto’ti vuccatīti. Esa <a name="P0.0353"></a> nayo <span class="bld">sappurisānaṃ adassāvī sappurisadhammassa akovido sappurisadhamme avinīto</span>ti etthāpi. Ninnānākaraṇañhetaṃ atthato. Yathāha – ‘‘yeva te ariyā teva te sappurisā, yeva te sappurisā teva te ariyā. Yo eva so ariyānaṃ dhammo so eva so sappurisānaṃ dhammo, yo eva so sappurisānaṃ dhammo so eva so ariyānaṃ dhammo. Yeva te ariyavinayā teva te sappurisavinayā, yeva te sappurisavinayā teva te ariyavinayā. Ariyeti vā sappuriseti vā, ariyadhammeti vā sappurisadhammeti vā, ariyavinayeti vā sappurisavinayeti vā, esese eke ekaṭṭhe same samabhāge tajjāte taññevā’’ti.</p>
    2238. 

  2238. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī</span>ti idhekacco rūpaṃ attato samanupassati – ‘yaṃ rūpaṃ so ahaṃ, yo ahaṃ taṃ rūpa’nti rūpañca attānañca advayaṃ samanupassati. ‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma telappadīpassa jhāyato yā acci so vaṇṇo, yo vaṇṇo sā accīti acciñca vaṇṇañca advayaṃ samanupassati,’’ evameva idhekacco rūpaṃ attato samanupassatīti evaṃ rūpaṃ attāti diṭṭhipassanāya passati. <span class="bld">Rūpavantaṃ vā attāna</span>nti ‘arūpaṃ attā’ti gahetvā, chāyāvantaṃ rukkhaṃ viya, taṃ rūpavantaṃ samanupassati. <span class="bld">Attani vā rūpa</span>nti ‘arūpameva attā’ti gahetvā, pupphamhi gandhaṃ viya, attani rūpaṃ samanupassati. <span class="bld">Rūpasmiṃ</span> <a name="M0.0388"></a> <span class="bld">vā attāna</span>nti ‘arūpameva attā’ti gahetvā, karaṇḍake maṇiṃ viya, attānaṃ rūpasmiṃ samanupassati. Vedanādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2239. 

  2239. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0383"></a> ‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassatī’ti suddharūpameva attāti kathitaṃ. ‘Rūpavantaṃ vā attānaṃ, attani vā rūpaṃ, rūpasmiṃ vā attānaṃ; vedanaṃ attato samanupassati… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatī’ti imesu sattasu ṭhānesu ‘arūpaṃ attā’ti kathitaṃ. Vedanāvantaṃ <a name="P0.0354"></a> vā attānaṃ, attani vā vedanaṃ, vedanāya vā attānanti evaṃ catūsu khandhesu tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vasena dvādasasu ṭhānesu ‘rūpārūpamissako attā’ kathito. Tattha ‘rūpaṃ attato samanupassati vedanaṃ… saññaṃ… saṅkhāre… viññāṇaṃ attato samanupassatī’ti imesu pañcasu ṭhānesu ucchedadiṭṭhi kathitā. Avasesesu sassatadiṭṭhi. Evamettha pannarasa bhavadiṭṭhiyo pañca vibhavadiṭṭhiyo honti. Tā sabbāpi maggāvaraṇā, na saggāvaraṇā, paṭhamamaggavajjhāti veditabbā.</p>
    2240. 

  2240. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1008"></a><span class="paranum">1008</span>. <span class="bld">Satthari kaṅkhatī</span>ti satthu sarīre vā guṇe vā ubhayattha vā kaṅkhati. Sarīre kaṅkhamāno ‘dvattiṃsavaralakkhaṇapaṭimaṇḍitaṃ nāma sarīraṃ atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhati. Guṇe kaṅkhamāno ‘atītānāgatapaccuppannajānanasamatthaṃ sabbaññutañāṇaṃ atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhati. Ubhayattha kaṅkhamāno ‘asītianubyañjanabyāmappabhānurañjitāya sarīranipphattiyā samannāgato sabbañeyyajānanasamatthaṃ sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhitvā ṭhito lokatārako buddho nāma atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhati. Ayañhissa attabhāve guṇe vā kaṅkhanato ubhayattha kaṅkhati nāma. <span class="bld">Vicikicchatī</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ nicchetuṃ asakkonto kicchati kilamati. <span class="bld">Nādhimuccatī</span>ti tattheva adhimokkhaṃ na labhati. <span class="bld">Na sampasīdatī</span>ti cittaṃ anāvilaṃ katvā pasīdituṃ na sakkoti, guṇesu nappasīdati.</p>
    2241. 

  2241. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhamme kaṅkhatī</span>tiādīsu pana ‘kilese pajahantā cattāro ariyamaggā, paṭippassaddhakilesāni cattāri sāmaññaphalāni, maggaphalānaṃ ārammaṇapaccayabhūtaṃ amataṃ mahānibbānaṃ nāma atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhantopi ‘ayaṃ dhammo niyyāniko nu kho aniyyāniko’ti kaṅkhantopi <span class="bld">dhamme kaṅkhati</span> <a name="M0.0389"></a> nāma. ‘Cattāro <a name="P0.0355"></a> maggaṭṭhakā cattāro phalaṭṭhakāti idaṃ saṅgharatanaṃ atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhantopi, ‘ayaṃ saṅgho suppaṭipanno nu kho duppaṭipanno’ti kaṅkhantopi, ‘etasmiṃ saṅgharatane dinnassa vipākaphalaṃ atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhantopi <span class="bld">saṅghe kaṅkhati</span> nāma. ‘Tisso pana sikkhā atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhantopi, ‘tisso sikkhā sikkhitapaccayena ānisaṃso atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhantopi <span class="bld">sikkhāya kaṅkhati</span> nāma.</p>
    2242. 

  2242. <p class="bodytext">Pubbanto <a name="V0.0384"></a> vuccati atītāni khandhadhātāyatanāni. Aparanto anāgatāni. Tattha atītesu khandhādīsu ‘atītāni nu kho, na nu kho’ti kaṅkhanto <span class="bld">pubbante kaṅkha</span>ti nāma. Anāgatesu ‘anāgatāni nu kho, na nu kho’ti kaṅkhanto <span class="bld">aparante kaṅkhati</span> nāma. Ubhayattha kaṅkhanto <span class="bld">pubbantāparante kaṅkhati</span> nāma. ‘Dvādasapadikaṃ paccayavaṭṭaṃ atthi nu kho natthī’ti kaṅkhanto <span class="bld">idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu kaṅkhati</span> nāma. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – imesaṃ jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayā ‘idappaccayā’. Idappaccayānaṃ bhāvo ‘idappaccayatā’. Idappaccayā eva vā ‘idappaccayatā’; jātiādīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Jātiādīsu taṃ taṃ paṭicca āgamma samuppannāti ‘paṭiccasamuppannā’. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – idappaccayatāya ca paṭiccasamuppannesu ca dhammesu kaṅkhatīti.</p>
    2243. 

  2243. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1009"></a><span class="paranum">1009</span>. <span class="bld">Sīlenā</span>ti gosīlādinā. <span class="bld">Vatenā</span>ti govatādināva. <span class="bld">Sīlabbatenā</span>ti tadubhayena. <span class="bld">Suddhī</span>ti kilesasuddhi; paramatthasuddhibhūtaṃ vā nibbānameva. <span class="bld">Tadekaṭṭhā</span>ti idha pahānekaṭṭhaṃ dhuraṃ. Imissā ca pāḷiyā diṭṭhikileso vicikicchākilesoti dveyeva āgatā. Lobho doso moho māno thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime pana aṭṭha anāgatā. Āharitvā pana dīpetabbā. Ettha hi diṭṭhivicikicchāsu pahīyamānāsu apāyagamanīyo lobho doso moho māno thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti sabbepime pahānekaṭṭhā hutvā pahīyanti. Sahajekaṭṭhaṃ pana āharitvā dīpetabbaṃ. Sotāpattimaggena hi <a name="P0.0356"></a> cattāri diṭṭhisahagatāni vicikicchāsahagatañcāti pañca cittāni pahīyanti. Tattha dvīsu asaṅkhārikadiṭṭhicittesu pahīyantesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Sesadiṭṭhikileso ca vicikicchākileso ca pahānekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Diṭṭhigatasampayuttasasaṅkhārikacittesupi pahīyantesu tehi sahajāto lobho moho <a name="M0.0390"></a> thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ime kilesā sahajekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Sesadiṭṭhikileso ca vicikicchākileso ca pahānekaṭṭhavasena pahīyanti. Evaṃ pahānekaṭṭhasmiṃyeva sahajekaṭṭhaṃ labbhatīti idaṃ sahajekaṭṭhaṃ āharitvā dīpayiṃsu.</p>
    2244. 

  2244. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃsampayutto</span>ti tehi tadekaṭṭhehi aṭṭhahi kilesehi sampayutto. Vinibbhogaṃ vā katvā tena lobhena tena dosenāti evaṃ ekekena sampayuttatā dīpetabbā. Tattha lobhe gahite, moho māno thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ayaṃ saṅkhārakkhandhe kilesagaṇo lobhasampayutto nāma. Dose <a name="V0.0385"></a> gahite, moho thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ayaṃ kilesagaṇo dosasampayutto nāma. Mohe gahite, lobho doso māno thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ayaṃ kilesagaṇo mohasampayutto nāma. Māne gahite, tena sahuppanno lobho moho thinaṃ uddhaccaṃ ahirikaṃ anottappanti ayaṃ kilesagaṇo mānasampayutto nāma. Iminā upāyena tena thinena tena uddhaccena tena ahirikena tena anottappena sampayutto taṃsampayuttoti yojanā kātabbā. <span class="bld">Taṃsamuṭṭhāna</span>nti tena lobhena…pe… tena anottappena samuṭṭhitanti attho.</p>
    2245. 

  2245. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime dhammā dassanena pahātabbā</span>ti ettha dassanaṃ nāma sotāpattimaggo; tena pahātabbāti attho. ‘Kasmā pana sotāpattimaggo dassanaṃ nāma jāto’ti? ‘Paṭhamaṃ nibbānadassanato’. ‘Nanu gotrabhu paṭhamataraṃ passatī’ti<a name="P0.0357"></a>? ‘No na passati; disvāpi kattabbakiccaṃ pana na karoti, saṃyojanānaṃ appahānato. Tasmā passatī’ti na vattabbo. Yattha katthaci rājānaṃ disvāpi paṇṇākāraṃ datvā kiccanipphattiyā adiṭṭhattā ‘ajjāpi rājānaṃ na passāmī’ti vadanto cettha jānapadapuriso nidassanaṃ.</p>
    2246. 

  2246. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1011"></a><span class="paranum">1011</span>. <span class="bld">Avaseso lobho</span>ti dassanena pahīnāvaseso. Lobho dosamohesupi eseva nayo. Dassanena hi apāyagamanīyāva pahīnā. Tehi pana aññe dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">‘Tadekaṭṭhā’</span>ti tehi pāḷiyaṃ āgatehi tīhi kilesehi sampayogatopi pahānatopi ekaṭṭhā pañca kilesā. <span class="bld">Neva dassanena na bhāvanāyā</span>ti idaṃ saṃyojanādīnaṃ viya <a name="M0.0391"></a> tehi maggehi appahātabbataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yaṃ pana ‘‘sotāpattimaggañāṇena abhisaṅkhāraviññāṇassa nirodhena satta bhave ṭhapetvā anamatagge saṃsāravaṭṭe ye uppajjeyyuṃ, nāmañca rūpañca etthete nirujjhantī’’tiādinā nayena kusalādīnampi pahānaṃ anuññātaṃ, taṃ tesaṃ maggānaṃ abhāvitattā ye uppajjeyyuṃ, te upanissayapaccayānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahīnattā pahīnāti imaṃ pariyāyaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2247. 

  2247. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1013"></a><span class="paranum">1013</span>. <span class="bld">Dassanenapahātabbahetukattike</span> ime dhammā dassanena pahātabbahetukāti niṭṭhapetvā, puna <span class="bld">‘tīṇi saṃyojanānī’</span>tiādi pahātabbe dassetvā, tadekaṭṭhabhāvena hetū ceva sahetuke ca dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha ‘kiñcāpi dassanena pahātabbesu hetūsu lobhasahagato moho lobhena sahetuko hoti, dosasahagato moho dosena, lobhadosā ca mohenāti pahātabbahetukapadepete saṅgahaṃ <a name="V0.0386"></a> gacchanti, vicikicchāsahagato pana moho aññassa sampayuttahetuno abhāvena hetuyeva, na sahetukoti tassa pahānaṃ dassetuṃ ime dhammā dassanena pahātabbahetū’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2248. 

  2248. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1018"></a><span class="paranum">1018</span>. Dutiyapade <a name="P0.0358"></a> uddhaccasahagatassa mohassa pahānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ime dhammā bhāvanāya pahātabbahetū</span>ti vuttaṃ. So hi attanā sampayuttadhamme sahetuke katvā piṭṭhivaṭṭako jāto, vicikicchāsahagato viya aññassa sampayuttahetuno abhāvā pahātabbahetukapadaṃ na bhajati. Tatiyapade <span class="bld">avasesā akusalā</span>ti puna akusalaggahaṇaṃ vicikicchuddhaccasahagatānaṃ mohānaṃ saṅgahatthaṃ kataṃ. Te hi sampayuttahetuno abhāvā pahātabbahetukā nāma na honti.</p>
    2249. 

  2249. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1029"></a><span class="paranum">1029</span>. Parittārammaṇattike <span class="bld">ārabbhā</span>ti ārammaṇaṃ katvā. Sayañhi parittā vā hontu mahaggatā vā, parittadhamme ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannā <span class="bld">parittārammaṇā,</span> mahaggate ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannā <span class="bld">mahaggatārammaṇā,</span> appamāṇe ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppannā <span class="bld">appamāṇārammaṇā</span>. Te pana parittāpi honti mahaggatāpi appamāṇāpi.</p>
    2250. 

  2250. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1035"></a><span class="paranum">1035</span>. Micchattattike <a name="M0.0392"></a> <span class="bld">ānantarikānī</span>ti anantarāyena phaladāyakāni; mātughātakakammādīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tesu hi ekasmimpi kamme kate taṃ paṭibāhitvā aññaṃ kammaṃ attano vipākassa okāsaṃ kātuṃ na sakkoti. Sineruppamāṇepi hi suvaṇṇathūpe katvā cakkavāḷamattaṃ vā ratanamayapākāraṃ vihāraṃ kāretvā taṃ pūretvā nisinnassa buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa yāvajīvaṃ cattāro paccaye dadatopi taṃ kammaṃ etesaṃ kammānaṃ vipākaṃ paṭibāhetuṃ na sakkoti eva. <span class="bld">Yā ca micchādiṭṭhi niyatā</span>ti ahetukavādaakiriyavādanatthikavādesu aññatarā. Tañhi gahetvā ṭhitaṃ puggalaṃ buddhasatampi buddhasahassampi bodhetuṃ na sakkoti.</p>
    2251. 

  2251. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1038"></a><span class="paranum">1038</span>. Maggārammaṇattike <span class="bld">ariyamaggaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti lokuttaramaggaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā. Te pana parittāpi honti mahaggatāpi.</p>
    2252. 

  2252. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1039"></a><span class="paranum">1039</span>. Maggahetukaniddese <a name="P0.0359"></a> paṭhamanayena paccayaṭṭhena hetunā maggasampayuttānaṃ khandhānaṃ sahetukabhāvo dassito. Dutiyanayena maggabhūtena sammādiṭṭhisaṅkhātena hetunā sesamaggaṅgānaṃ sahetukabhāvo <a name="V0.0387"></a> dassito. Tatiyanayena magge uppannahetūhi sammādiṭṭhiyā sahetukabhāvo dassitoti veditabbo.</p>
    2253. 

  2253. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1040"></a><span class="paranum">1040</span>. <span class="bld">Adhipatiṃ karitvā</span>ti ārammaṇādhipatiṃ katvā. Te ca kho parittadhammāva honti. Ariyasāvakānañhi attano maggaṃ garuṃ katvā paccavekkhaṇakāle ārammaṇādhipati labbhati. Cetopariyañāṇena pana ariyasāvako parassa maggaṃ paccavekkhamāno garuṃ karontopi attanā paṭividdhamaggaṃ viya garuṃ na karoti. ‘Yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ karontaṃ tathāgataṃ disvā tassa maggaṃ garuṃ karoti na karotī’ti? Karoti, na pana attano maggaṃ viya. Arahā na kiñci dhammaṃ garuṃ karoti ṭhapetvā maggaṃ phalaṃ nibbānanti. Etthāpi ayamevattho. <span class="bld">Vīmaṃsādhipateyya</span>nti idaṃ sahajātādhipatiṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Chandañhi jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā maggaṃ bhāventassa chando adhipati nāma hoti, na maggo. Sesadhammāpi chandādhipatino nāma honti, na maggādhipatino. Cittepi eseva nayo. Vīmaṃsaṃ pana jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā maggaṃ bhāventassa vīmaṃsādhipati ceva hoti maggo cāti. Sesadhammā maggādhipatino nāma honti. Vīriyepi eseva nayo.</p>
    2254. 

  2254. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1041"></a><span class="paranum">1041</span>. Uppannattikaniddese <a name="M0.0393"></a> <span class="bld">jātā</span>ti nibbattā, paṭiladdhattabhāvā. <span class="bld">Bhūtā</span>tiādīni tesaṃyeva vevacanāni. Jātā eva hi bhāvappattiyā bhūtā. Paccayasaṃyoge jātattā <span class="bld">sañjātā</span>. Nibbattilakkhaṇappattattā <span class="bld">nibbattā</span>. Upasaggena pana padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">abhinibbattā</span>ti vuttā. Pākaṭībhūtāti pātubhūtā. Pubbantato <a name="P0.0360"></a> uddhaṃ pannāti <span class="bld">uppannā</span>. Upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">samuppannā</span>ti vuttā. Nibbattaṭṭheneva uddhaṃ ṭhitāti <span class="bld">uṭṭhitā</span>. Paccayasaṃyoge uṭṭhitāti <span class="bld">samuṭṭhitā</span>. Puna <span class="bld">uppannā</span>tivacane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppannaṃsena saṅgahitā</span>ti uppannakoṭṭhāsena gaṇanaṃ gatā. <span class="bld">Rūpaṃ vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇa</span>nti idaṃ nesaṃ sabhāvadassanaṃ. Dutiyapadaniddeso vuttapaṭisedhanayena veditabbo. Tatiyapadaniddeso uttānatthoyeva.</p>
    2255. 

  2255. <p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ pana tiko dvinnaṃ addhānaṃ vasena pūretvā dassito. Laddhokāsassa hi kammassa vipāko duvidho – khaṇappatto, ca appatto ca. Tattha ‘khaṇappatto’ uppanno nāma. ‘Appatto’ cittānantare vā uppajjatu, kappasatasahassātikkame vā. Dhuvapaccayaṭṭhena natthi nāma na hoti, uppādino dhammā nāma jāto. Yathā hi – ‘‘tiṭṭhateva sāyaṃ, poṭṭhapāda, arūpī attā saññāmayo<a name="V0.0388"></a>. Atha imassa purisassa aññā ca saññā uppajjanti aññā ca saññā nirujjhantī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.419). Ettha āruppe kāmāvacarasaññāpavattikāle kiñcāpi mūlabhavaṅgasaññā niruddhā kāmāvacarasaññāya pana niruddhakāle avassaṃ sā uppajjissatīti arūpasaṅkhāto attā natthīti saṅkhyaṃ agantvā ‘tiṭṭhateva’ nāmāti jāto. Evameva laddhokāsassa kammassa vipāko duvidho…pe… dhuvapaccayaṭṭhena natthi nāma na hoti, uppādino dhammā nāma jāto.</p>
    2256. 

  2256. <p class="bodytext">Yadi pana āyūhitaṃ kusalākusalakammaṃ sabbaṃ vipākaṃ dadeyya, aññassa okāso na bhaveyya. Taṃ pana duvidhaṃ hoti – dhuvavipākaṃ, adhuvavipākañca. Tattha pañca ānantariyakammāni, aṭṭha samāpattiyo, cattāro ariyamaggāti etaṃ ‘dhuvavipākaṃ’ nāma. Taṃ <a name="P0.0361"></a> pana khaṇappattampi atthi, appattampi. Tattha ‘khaṇappattaṃ’ uppannaṃ nāma. ‘Appattaṃ’ anuppannaṃ nāma. Tassa vipāko cittānantare vā uppajjatu kappasatasahassātikkame vā. Dhuvapaccayaṭṭhena anuppannaṃ nāma na hoti, uppādino dhammā nāma jātaṃ. Metteyyabodhisattassa maggo anuppanno nāma, phalaṃ uppādino dhammāyeva nāma jātaṃ.</p>
    2257. 

  2257. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1044"></a><span class="paranum">1044</span>. Atītattikaniddese <a name="M0.0394"></a> <span class="bld">atītā</span>ti khaṇattayaṃ atikkantā. <span class="bld">Niruddhā</span>ti nirodhappattā. <span class="bld">Vigatā</span>ti vibhavaṃ gatā, vigacchitā vā. <span class="bld">Vipariṇatā</span>ti pakativijahanena vipariṇāmaṃ gatā. Nirodhasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ gatāti <span class="bld">atthaṅgatā. Abbhatthaṅgatā</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppajjitvā vigatā</span>ti nibbattitvā vigacchitā. Puna atītavacane kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Parato <span class="bld">anāgatādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Atītaṃsena saṅgahitā</span>ti atītakoṭṭhāsena gaṇanaṃ gatā. Katame teti? Rūpaṃ vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇaṃ. Parato anāgatādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2258. 

  2258. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1047"></a><span class="paranum">1047</span>. Atītārammaṇattikaniddese <span class="bld">atīte dhamme ārabbhā</span>tiādīsu parittamahaggatāva dhammā veditabbā. Te hi atītādīni ārabbha uppajjanti.</p>
    2259. 

  2259. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1050"></a><span class="paranum">1050</span>. Ajjhattattikaniddese <span class="bld">tesaṃ tesa</span>nti padadvayena sabbasatte pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ paccatta</span>nti ubhayaṃ niyakajjhattādhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Niyatā</span>ti attani jātā. <span class="bld">Pāṭipuggalikā</span>ti pāṭiyekkassa pāṭiyekkassa <a name="V0.0389"></a> puggalassa santakā. <span class="bld">Upādiṇṇā</span>ti sarīraṭṭhakā. Te hi kammanibbattā vā hontu mā vā, ādinnagahitaparāmaṭṭhavasena pana idha upādiṇṇāti vuttā.</p>
    2260. 

  2260. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1051"></a><span class="paranum">1051</span>. <span class="bld">Parasattāna</span>nti attānaṃ ṭhapetvā avasesasattānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parapuggalāna</span>nti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttasadisameva. <span class="bld">Tadubhaya</span>nti taṃ ubhayaṃ.</p>
    2261. 

  2261. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1053"></a><span class="paranum">1053</span>. Ajjhattārammaṇattikassa paṭhamapade parittamahaggatā dhammā veditabbā. Dutiye <a name="P0.0362"></a> appamāṇāpi. Tatiye parittamahaggatāva. Appamāṇā pana kālena bahiddhā kālena ajjhattaṃ ārammaṇaṃ na karonti. Sanidassanattikaniddeso uttānoyevāti.</p>
    2262. 

  2262. <p class="title">Dukanikkhepakathā</p>
    2263. 

  2263. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1062"></a><span class="paranum">1062</span>. Dukesu adosaniddese mettāyanavasena <span class="bld">metti</span>. Mettākāro <span class="bld">mettāyanā</span>. Mettāya ayitassa mettāsamaṅgino cittassa bhāvo <a name="M0.0395"></a> <span class="bld">mettāyitattaṃ</span>. Anudayatīti <span class="bld">anuddā,</span> rakkhatīti attho. Anuddākāro <span class="bld">anuddāyanā</span>. Anuddāyitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">anuddāyitattaṃ</span>. Hitassa esanavasena <span class="bld">hitesitā</span>. Anukampanavasena <span class="bld">anukampā</span>. Sabbehipi imehi padehi upacārappanāppattā mettāva vuttā. Sesapadehi lokiyalokuttaro adoso kathito.</p>
    2264. 

  2264. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1063"></a><span class="paranum">1063</span>. Amohaniddese <span class="bld">dukkhe ñāṇa</span>nti dukkhasacce paññā. <span class="bld">Dukkhasamudaye</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca dukkhe ñāṇaṃ savanasammasanapaṭivedhapaccavekkhaṇāsu vattati. Tathā dukkhasamudaye. Nirodhe pana savanapaṭivedhapaccavekkhaṇāsu eva. Tathā paṭipadāya. <span class="bld">Pubbante</span>ti atītakoṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Aparante</span>ti anāgatakoṭṭhāse. <span class="bld">Pubbantāparante</span>ti tadubhaye. <span class="bld">Idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu ñāṇa</span>nti ayaṃ paccayo, idaṃ paccayuppannaṃ, idaṃ paṭicca idaṃ nibbattanti, evaṃ paccayesu ca paccayuppannadhammesu ca ñāṇaṃ.</p>
    2265. 

  2265. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1065"></a><span class="paranum">1065</span>. Lobhaniddesepi heṭṭhā anāgatānaṃ padānaṃ ayamattho – rañjanavasena <span class="bld">rāgo</span>. Balavarañjanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sārāgo</span>. Visayesu sattānaṃ anunayanato <span class="bld">anunayo</span>. Anurujjhatīti <span class="bld">anurodho,</span> kāmetīti attho. Yattha katthaci bhave sattā <a name="P0.0363"></a> etāya nandanti, sayaṃ vā nandatīti <span class="bld">nandī</span>. Nandī <a name="V0.0390"></a> ca sā rañjanaṭṭhena rāgo cāti <span class="bld">nandīrāgo</span>. Tattha ekasmiṃ ārammaṇe sakiṃ uppannā taṇhā ‘nandī’. Punappunaṃ uppajjamānā ‘nandīrāgo’ti vuccati. <span class="bld">Cittassa sārāgo</span>ti yo heṭṭhā balavarañjanaṭṭhena sārāgoti vutto, so na sattassa, cittasseva sārāgoti attho.</p>
    2266. 

  2266. <p class="bodytext">Icchanti etāya ārammaṇānīti <span class="bld">icchā</span>. Bahalakilesabhāvena mucchanti etāya pāṇinoti <span class="bld">mucchā</span>. Gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā gahaṇavasena <span class="bld">ajjhosānaṃ</span>. Iminā sattā gijjhanti, gedhaṃ āpajjantīti <span class="bld">gedho;</span> bahalaṭṭhena vā gedho. ‘‘Gedhaṃ vā pavanasaṇḍa’’nti hi bahalaṭṭheneva vuttaṃ. Anantarapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. Sabbatobhāgena vā gedhoti <span class="bld">paligedho</span>. Sañjanti etenāti <span class="bld">saṅgo;</span> lagganaṭṭhena vā saṅgo. Osīdanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṅko</span>. Ākaḍḍhanavasena <span class="bld">ejā</span>. ‘‘Ejā imaṃ purisaṃ parikaḍḍhati tassa tasseva bhavassa abhinibbattiyā’’ti hi vuttaṃ. Vañcanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">māyā</span>. Vaṭṭasmiṃ sattānaṃ jananaṭṭhena <a name="M0.0396"></a> <span class="bld">janikā</span>. ‘‘Taṇhā janeti purisaṃ cittamassa vidhāvatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.55-57) hi vuttaṃ. Vaṭṭasmiṃ satte dukkhena saṃyojayamānā janetīti <span class="bld">sañjananī</span>. Ghaṭanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sibbinī</span>. Ayañhi vaṭṭasmiṃ satte cutipaṭisandhivasena sibbati ghaṭeti, tunnakāro viya pilotikāya pilotikaṃ; tasmā ghaṭanaṭṭhena sibbinīti vuttā. Anekappakāraṃ visayajālaṃ taṇhāvipphanditanivesasaṅkhātaṃ vā jālamassā atthīti <span class="bld">jālinī</span>.</p>
    2267. 

  2267. <p class="bodytext">Ākaḍḍhanaṭṭhena sīghasotā saritā viyāti <span class="bld">saritā</span>. Allaṭṭhena vā saritā. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘saritāni sinehitāni ca somanassāni bhavanti jantuno’’ti (dha. pa. 341). Allāni ceva siniddhāni cāti ayañhettha attho. Visatāti <a name="P0.0364"></a> <span class="bld">visattikā</span>. Visaṭāti visattikā. Visālāti visattikā. Visakkatīti visattikā. Visaṃvādikāti visattikā. Visaṃharatīti visattikā. Visamūlāti visattikā. Visaphalāti visattikā. Visaparibhogāti visattikā. Visatā vā pana sā taṇhā rūpe sadde gandhe rase phoṭṭhabbe dhamme kule gaṇe vitthatāti visattikā (mahāni. 3). Anayabyasanapāpanaṭṭhena kummānubandhasuttakaṃ viyāti <span class="bld">suttaṃ</span>. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘suttakanti kho, bhikkhave, nandīrāgassetaṃ adhivacana’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.159). Rūpādīsu vitthataṭṭhena <span class="bld">visaṭā</span>. Tassa tassa paṭilābhatthāya satte āyūhāpetīti <span class="bld">āyūhinī</span>. Ukkaṇṭhituṃ appadānato sahāyaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dutiyā</span>. Ayañhi sattānaṃ vaṭṭasmiṃ ukkaṇṭhituṃ na deti, gatagataṭṭhāne piyasahāyo viya abhiramāpeti. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    2268. 

  2268. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Taṇhādutiyo <a name="V0.0391"></a> puriso, dīghamaddhāna saṃsaraṃ;</p>
    2269. 

  2269. <p class="gathalast">Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattatī’’ti. (a. ni. 4.9; itivu. 15; mahāni. 191; cūḷani. pārāyanānugītigāthāniddesa 107);</p>
    2270. 

  2270. <p class="bodytext">Paṇidhānakavasena <span class="bld">paṇidhi. Bhavanettī</span>ti bhavarajju. Etāya hi sattā, rajjuyā gīvāya baddhā goṇā viya, icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ niyyanti. Taṃ taṃ ārammaṇaṃ vanati bhajati allīyatīti <span class="bld">vanaṃ</span>. Vanati yācatīti vā vanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vanatho</span>ti byañjanena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Anatthadukkhānaṃ vā samuṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena gahanaṭṭhena ca vanaṃ <a name="M0.0397"></a> viyāti ‘vanaṃ’; balavataṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ. Gahanataraṭṭhena pana tato balavataro ‘vanatho’ nāma. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    2271. 

  2271. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Vanaṃ chindatha mā rukkhaṃ, vanato jāyate bhayaṃ;</p>
    2272. 

  2272. <p class="gathalast">Chetvā vanañca vanathañca, nibbanā hotha bhikkhavo’’ti. (dha. pa. 283);</p>
    2273. 

  2273. <p class="bodytext">Santhavanavasena <span class="bld">santhavo;</span> saṃsaggoti attho. So <a name="P0.0365"></a> duvidho – taṇhāsanthavo mittasanthavo ca. Tesu idha taṇhāsanthavo adhippeto. Sinehavasena <span class="bld">sineho</span>. Ālayakaraṇavasena apekkhatīti <span class="bld">apekkhā</span>. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘imāni te deva caturāsītinagarasahassāni kusāvatīrājadhānīpamukhāni. Ettha deva chandaṃ janehi, jīvite apekkhaṃ karohī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.266). Ālayaṃ karohīti ayañhettha attho. Pāṭiyekke pāṭiyekke ārammaṇe bandhatīti <span class="bld">paṭibandhu</span>. Ñātakaṭṭhena vā pāṭiyekko bandhūtipi paṭibandhu. Niccasannissitaṭṭhena hi sattānaṃ taṇhāsamo bandhu nāma natthi.</p>
    2274. 

  2274. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇānaṃ asanato <span class="bld">āsā</span>. Ajjhottharaṇato ceva tittiṃ anupagantvāva paribhuñjanato cāti attho. Āsisanavasena <span class="bld">āsisanā</span>. Āsisitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">āsisitattaṃ</span>. Idāni tassā pavattiṭṭhānaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">rūpāsā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha āsisanavasena āsāti āsāya atthaṃ gahetvā rūpe āsā <span class="bld">rūpāsā</span>ti evaṃ navapi padāni veditabbāni. Ettha ca purimāni pañca pañcakāmaguṇavasena vuttāni. Parikkhāralobhavasena chaṭṭhaṃ. Taṃ visesato pabbajitānaṃ. Tato parāni <a name="V0.0392"></a> tīṇi atittiyavatthuvasena gahaṭṭhānaṃ. Na hi tesaṃ dhanaputtajīvitehi aññaṃ piyataraṃ atthi. ‘Etaṃ mayhaṃ etaṃ mayha’nti vā ‘asukena me idaṃ dinnaṃ idaṃ dinna’nti vā evaṃ satte jappāpetīti <span class="bld">jappā</span>. Parato dve padāni upasaggena vaḍḍhitāni. Tato paraṃ aññenākārena vibhajituṃ āraddhattā puna <span class="bld">jappā</span>ti vuttaṃ. Jappanākāro <span class="bld">jappanā</span>. Jappitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">jappitattaṃ</span>. Punappunaṃ visaye lumpati ākaḍḍhatīti lolupo. Lolupassa bhāvo <span class="bld">loluppaṃ</span>. Loluppākāro <span class="bld">loluppāyanā</span>. Loluppasamaṅgino bhāvo <span class="bld">loluppāyitattaṃ</span>.</p>
    2275. 

  2275. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pucchañjikatā</span>ti <a name="M0.0398"></a> yāya taṇhāya lābhaṭṭhānesu, pucchaṃ cālayamānā sunakhā viya, kampamānā vicaranti, taṃ tassā kampanataṇhāya nāmaṃ. Sādhu manāpamanāpe visaye kāmetīti sādhukāmo. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">sādhukamyatā</span>. Mātā <a name="P0.0366"></a> mātucchātiādike ayuttaṭṭhāne rāgoti <span class="bld">adhammarāgo</span>. Yuttaṭṭhānepi balavā hutvā uppannalobho <span class="bld">visamalobho</span>. ‘‘Rāgo visama’’ntiādivacanato (vibha. 924) vā yuttaṭṭhāne vā ayuttaṭṭhāne vā uppanno chandarāgo adhammaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘adhammarāgo’,</span> visamaṭṭhena <span class="bld">‘visamalobho’</span>ti veditabbo.</p>
    2276. 

  2276. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇānaṃ nikāmanavasena <span class="bld">nikanti</span>. Nikāmanākāro <span class="bld">nikāmanā</span>. Patthanāvasena <span class="bld">patthanā</span>. Pihāyanavasena <span class="bld">pihanā</span>. Suṭṭhu patthanā <span class="bld">sampatthanā</span>. Pañcasu kāmaguṇesu taṇhā <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā</span>. Rūpārūpabhave taṇhā <span class="bld">bhavataṇhā</span>. Ucchedasaṅkhāte vibhave taṇhā <span class="bld">vibhavataṇhā</span>. Suddhe rūpabhavasmiṃyeva taṇhā <span class="bld">rūpataṇhā</span>. Arūpabhave taṇhā <span class="bld">arūpataṇhā</span>. Ucchedadiṭṭhisahagato rāgo diṭṭhirāgo. Nirodhe taṇhā <span class="bld">nirodhataṇhā</span>. Rūpe taṇhā <span class="bld">rūpataṇhā</span>. Sadde taṇhā <span class="bld">saddataṇhā</span>. Gandhataṇhādīsupi eseva nayo. Oghādayo vuttatthāva.</p>
    2277. 

  2277. <p class="bodytext">Kusaladhamme āvaratīti <span class="bld">āvaraṇaṃ</span>. Chādanavasena <span class="bld">chādanaṃ</span>. Satte vaṭṭasmiṃ bandhatīti <span class="bld">bandhanaṃ</span>. Cittaṃ upagantvā kilissati saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">upakkileso</span>. Thāmagataṭṭhena anusetīti <span class="bld">anusayo</span>. Uppajjamānā cittaṃ pariyuṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">pariyuṭṭhānaṃ;</span> uppajjituṃ appadānena kusalacāraṃ gaṇhātīti attho. ‘‘Corā magge pariyuṭṭhiṃsu dhuttā magge pariyuṭṭhiṃsū’’tiādīsu (cūḷava. 430) hi maggaṃ gaṇhiṃsūti attho. Evamidhāpi gahaṇaṭṭhena pariyuṭṭhānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Paliveṭhanaṭṭhena latā viyāti <span class="bld">latā</span>. ‘‘Latā ubbhijja tiṭṭhatī’’ti (dha. pa. 340) āgataṭṭhānepi ayaṃ taṇhā latāti vuttā. Vividhāni vatthūni icchatīti <span class="bld">vevicchaṃ</span>. Vaṭṭadukkhassa mūlanti <a name="V0.0393"></a> <span class="bld">dukkhamūlaṃ</span>. Tasseva dukkhassa nidānanti <span class="bld">dukkhanidānaṃ</span>. Taṃ dukkhaṃ ito pabhavatīti <span class="bld">dukkhappabhavo</span>. Bandhanaṭṭhena pāso viyāti pāso. Mārassa pāso <span class="bld">mārapāso</span>. Duruggilanaṭṭhena baḷisaṃ viyāti baḷisaṃ. Mārassa baḷisaṃ <a name="M0.0399"></a> <span class="bld">mārabaḷisaṃ</span>. Taṇhābhibhūtā mārassa visayaṃ nātikkamanti, tesaṃ upari māro vasaṃ vattetīti iminā pariyāyena mārassa visayoti <span class="bld">māravisayo</span><a name="P0.0367"></a>. Sandanaṭṭhena taṇhāva nadī <span class="bld">taṇhānadī</span>. Ajjhottharaṇaṭṭhena taṇhāva jālaṃ <span class="bld">taṇhājālaṃ</span>. Yathā sunakhā gaddulabaddhā yadicchakaṃ nīyanti, evaṃ taṇhābaddhā sattāpīti daḷhabandhanaṭṭhena gaddulaṃ viyāti gaddulaṃ. Taṇhāva gaddulaṃ <span class="bld">taṇhāgaddulaṃ</span>. Duppūraṇaṭṭhena taṇhāva samuddo <span class="bld">taṇhāsamuddo</span>.</p>
    2278. 

  2278. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1066"></a><span class="paranum">1066</span>. Dosaniddese <span class="bld">anatthaṃ me acarī</span>ti avuḍḍhiṃ me akāsi. Iminā upāyena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāne vā pana āghāto</span>ti akāraṇe kopo – ekacco hi ‘devo ativassatī’ti kuppati, ‘na vassatī’ti kuppati, ‘sūriyo tappatī’ti kuppati, ‘na tappatī’ti kuppati, vāte vāyantepi kuppati, avāyantepi kuppati, sammajjituṃ asakkonto bodhipaṇṇānaṃ kuppati, cīvaraṃ pārupituṃ asakkonto vātassa kuppati, upakkhalitvā khāṇukassa kuppati idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – aṭṭhāne vā pana āghāto jāyatīti. Tattha heṭṭhā navasu ṭhānesu satte ārabbha uppannattā kammapathabhedo hoti. Aṭṭhānāghāto pana saṅkhāresu uppanno kammapathabhedaṃ na karoti. Cittaṃ āghātento uppannoti <span class="bld">cittassa āghāto</span>. Tato balavataro <span class="bld">paṭighāto</span>. Paṭihaññanavasena <span class="bld">paṭighaṃ</span>. Paṭivirujjhatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirodho</span>. Kuppanavasena <span class="bld">kopo. Pakopo sampakopo</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Dussanavasena <span class="bld">doso. Padoso sampadoso</span>ti upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Cittassa byāpattī</span>ti cittassa vipannatā, viparivattanākāro. Manaṃ padūsayamāno uppajjatīti <span class="bld">manopadoso</span>. Kujjhanavasena <span class="bld">kodho</span>. Kujjhanākāro <span class="bld">kujjhanā</span>. Kujjhitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kujjhitattaṃ</span>.</p>
    2279. 

  2279. <p class="bodytext">Idāni akusalaniddese vuttanayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">doso dussanā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tasmā ‘‘yo evarūpo cittassa āghāto…pe… kujjhitatta’’nti ca idha vutto, ‘‘doso dussanā’’tiādinā nayena heṭṭhā vutto, ayaṃ vuccati dosoti. Evamettha yojanā kātabbā. Evañhi sati punaruttidoso paṭisedhito hoti. Mohaniddeso <a name="P0.0368"></a> amohaniddese vuttapaṭipakkhanayena <a name="M0.0400"></a> veditabbo. Sabbākārena panesa <span class="bld">vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> āvi bhavissati.</p>
    2280. 

  2280. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1079"></a><span class="paranum">1079</span>. <span class="bld">Tehi</span> <a name="V0.0394"></a> <span class="bld">dhammehi ye dhammā sahetukā</span>ti tehi hetudhammehi ye aññe hetudhammā vā nahetudhammā vā te sahetukā. Ahetukapadepi eseva nayo. Ettha ca hetu hetuyeva ca hoti, tiṇṇaṃ vā dvinnaṃ vā ekato uppattiyaṃ sahetuko ca. Vicikicchuddhaccasahagato pana moho hetu ahetuko. Hetusampayuttadukaniddesepi eseva nayo.</p>
    2281. 

  2281. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1091"></a><span class="paranum">1091</span>. Saṅkhatadukaniddese purimaduke vuttaṃ asaṅkhatadhātuṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">yo eva so dhammo</span>ti ekavacananiddeso kato. Purimaduke pana bahuvacanavasena pucchāya uddhaṭattā ime dhammā appaccayāti pucchānusandhinayena bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā sanidassanā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2282. 

  2282. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1101"></a><span class="paranum">1101</span>. Kenaci viññeyyadukaniddese <span class="bld">cakkhuviññeyyā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena vijānitabbā. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca <span class="bld">kenaci viññeyyā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇādīsu kenaci ekena cakkhuviññāṇena vā sotaviññāṇena vā vijānitabbā. <span class="bld">Kenaci na viññeyyā</span>ti teneva cakkhuviññāṇena vā sotaviññāṇena vā na vijānitabbā. ‘Evaṃ sante dvinnampi padānaṃ atthanānattato duko hotī’ti heṭṭhā vuttattā ‘ye te dhammā cakkhuviññeyyā na te dhammā sotaviññeyyā’ti ayaṃ duko na hoti. Rūpaṃ pana cakkhuviññeyyaṃ saddo na cakkhuviññeyyoti imamatthaṃ gahetvā ‘ye te dhammā cakkhuviññeyyā na te dhammā sotaviññeyyā, ye vā pana te dhammā sotaviññeyyā na te dhammā cakkhuviññeyyā’ti ayameko dukoti veditabbo. Evaṃ ekekaindriyamūlake cattāro cattāro katvā vīsati dukā vibhattāti veditabbā.</p>
    2283. 

  2283. <p class="bodytext">Kiṃ <a name="P0.0369"></a> pana ‘manoviññāṇena kenaci viññeyyā kenaci na viññeyyā’ natthi? Tenettha dukā na vuttāti? No natthi, vavatthānābhāvato pana na vuttā. Na hi, yathā cakkhuviññāṇena aviññeyyā evāti vavatthānaṃ atthi, evaṃ manoviññāṇenāpīti vavatthānābhāvato ettha dukā na vuttā. Manoviññāṇena <a name="M0.0401"></a> pana kenaci viññeyyā ceva aviññeyyā cāti ayamattho atthi. Tasmā so avuttopi yathālābhavasena veditabbo. Manoviññāṇanti hi saṅkhyaṃ gatehi kāmāvacaradhammehi kāmāvacaradhammā eva tāva kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Tehiyeva rūpāvacarādidhammāpi kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Rūpāvacarehipi kāmāvacarā kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Teheva rūpāvacarādayopi <a name="V0.0395"></a> kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Arūpāvacarehi pana kāmāvacarā rūpāvacarā apariyāpannā ca neva viññeyyā. Arūpāvacarā pana kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Tepi ca kecideva viññeyyā keci aviññeyyā. Apariyāpannehi kāmāvacarādayo neva viññeyyā. Apariyāpannā pana nibbānena aviññeyyattā kehici viññeyyā kehici aviññeyyā. Tepi ca maggaphalānaṃ aviññeyyattā kecideva viññeyyā keci aviññeyyāti.</p>
    2284. 

  2284. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1102"></a><span class="paranum">1102</span>. Āsavaniddese pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo <span class="bld">kāmāsavo</span> nāma. Rūpārūpabhavesu chandarāgo jhānanikanti sassatadiṭṭhisahajāto rāgo bhavavasena patthanā <span class="bld">bhavāsavo</span> nāma. Dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo <span class="bld">diṭṭhāsavo</span> nāma. Aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu aññāṇaṃ <span class="bld">avijjāsavo</span> nāma. Tattha tattha āgatesu pana āsavesu asammohatthaṃ ekavidhādibhedo veditabbo. Atthato hete cirapārivāsiyaṭṭhena āsavāti evaṃ ekavidhāva honti. Vinaye pana ‘‘diṭṭhadhammikānaṃ āsavānaṃ saṃvarāya samparāyikānaṃ āsavānaṃ paṭighātāyā’’ti (pārā. 39) duvidhena āgatā. Suttante <span class="bld">saḷāyatane</span> tāva ‘‘tayome, āvuso, āsavā – kāmāsavo bhavāsavo avijjāsavo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.321) tividhena āgatā. Nibbedhikapariyāye ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, āsavā nirayagamanīyā<a name="P0.0370"></a>, atthi āsavā tiracchānayonigamanīyā, atthi āsavā pettivisayagamanīyā, atthi āsavā manussalokagamanīyā, atthi āsavā devalokagamanīyā’’ti (a. ni. 6.63) pañcavidhena āgatā. Chakkanipāte <span class="bld">āhuneyyasutte</span> – ‘‘atthi āsavā saṃvarā pahātabbā, atthi āsavā paṭisevanā pahātabbā, atthi āsavā adhivāsanā pahātabbā, atthi āsavā parivajjanā pahātabbā, atthi āsavā <a name="M0.0402"></a> vinodanā pahātabbā, atthi āsavā bhāvanā pahātabbā’’ti (a. ni. 6.58) chabbidhena āgatā. <span class="bld">Sabbāsavapariyāye</span> (ma. ni. 1.14 ādayo) ‘dassanapahātabbehi’ saddhiṃ sattavidhena āgatā. Idha panete kāmāsavādibhedato catubbidhena āgatā. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – pañcakāmaguṇasaṅkhāte kāme āsavo <span class="bld">‘kāmāsavo’</span>. Rūpārūpasaṅkhāte kammato ca upapattito ca duvidhepi bhave āsavo <span class="bld">‘bhavāsavo’</span>. Diṭṭhi eva āsavo <span class="bld">‘diṭṭhāsavo’</span>. Avijjāva āsavo <span class="bld">‘avijjāsavo’</span>.</p>
    2285. 

  2285. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1103"></a><span class="paranum">1103</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmesū</span>ti pañcasu kāmaguṇesu. <span class="bld">Kāmacchando</span>ti kāmasaṅkhāto chando, na kattukamyatāchando, na dhammacchando. Kāmanavasena rajjanavasena ca kāmoyeva rāgo <span class="bld">kāmarāgo</span>. Kāmanavasena <a name="V0.0396"></a> nandanavasena ca kāmova nandīti <span class="bld">kāmanandī</span>. Evaṃ sabbattha kāmatthaṃ viditvā taṇhāyanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmataṇhā,</span> sinehanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmasineho,</span> pariḍayhanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmapariḷāho,</span> mucchanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmamucchā,</span> gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">kāmajjhosāna</span>nti veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ aṭṭhahi padehi vibhatto kāmāsavo nāma vuccati.</p>
    2286. 

  2286. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1104"></a><span class="paranum">1104</span>. <span class="bld">Bhavesu bhavachando</span>ti rūpārūpabhavesu bhavapatthanāvaseneva pavatto chando <span class="bld">‘bhavachando’</span>. Sesapadānipi imināva nayena veditabbāni.</p>
    2287. 

  2287. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1105"></a><span class="paranum">1105</span>. <span class="bld">Sassato lokoti vā</span>tiādīhi dasahākārehi diṭṭhippabhedova vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">sassato loko</span>ti ettha khandhapañcakaṃ lokoti gahetvā ‘ayaṃ loko nicco dhuvo sabbakāliko’ti gaṇhantassa ‘sassata’nti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Asassato</span>ti <a name="P0.0371"></a> tameva lokaṃ ‘ucchijjati vinassatī’ti gaṇhantassa ucchedagahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti parittakasiṇalābhino ‘suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā’ kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme lokoti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena ca ‘antavā’ti gaṇhantassa ‘antavā loko’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhipi hoti ucchedadiṭṭhipi. Vipulakasiṇalābhino pana tasmiṃ kasiṇe samāpannassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavattitarūpārūpadhamme lokoti ca kasiṇaparicchedantena <a name="M0.0403"></a> ca ‘ananto’ti gaṇhantassa ‘anantavā loko’ti gahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Sā sassatadiṭṭhipi hoti, ucchedadiṭṭhipi.</p>
    2288. 

  2288. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra</span>nti bhedanadhammassa sarīrasseva ‘jīva’nti gahitattā sarīre ucchijjamāne ‘jīvampi ucchijjatī’ti ucchedagahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. Dutiyapade sarīrato aññassa jīvassa gahitattā sarīre ucchijjamānepi ‘jīvaṃ na ucchijjatī’ti sassatagahaṇākārappavattā diṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā</span>tiādīsu satto tathāgato nāma. So paraṃ maraṇā hotīti gaṇhato paṭhamā sassatadiṭṭhi. Na hotīti gaṇhato dutiyā ucchedadiṭṭhi. Hoti ca na ca hotīti gaṇhato tatiyā ekaccasassatadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Neva hoti na nahotī</span>ti gaṇhato catutthā amarāvikkhepadiṭṭhi. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā āsavā</span>ti ime kāmāsavañca bhavāsavañca rāgavasena ekato katvā, saṅkhepato tayo, vitthārato cattāro dhammā āsavā nāma.</p>
    2289. 

  2289. <p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="V0.0397"></a> pana brahmānaṃ vimānakapparukkhaābharaṇesu chandarāgo uppajjati, so kāmāsavo hoti na hotīti? Na hoti. Kasmā? Pañcakāmaguṇikassa rāgassa idheva pahīnattā. Hetugocchakaṃ pana patvā lobho hetu nāma hoti. Ganthagocchakaṃ patvā abhijjhākāyagantho nāma. Kilesagocchakaṃ patvā lobho kileso nāma hoti. Diṭṭhisahajāto pana rāgo kāmāsavo hoti na hotīti? Na hoti; diṭṭhirāgo nāma hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘diṭṭhirāgaratte purisapuggale dinnadānaṃ na mahapphalaṃ hoti, na mahānisaṃsa’’nti <a name="P0.0372"></a> (paṭi. ma. 1.129).</p>
    2290. 

  2290. <p class="bodytext">Ime pana āsave kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati, maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā kāmāsavo anāgāmimaggena pahīyati, bhavāsavo arahattamaggena, diṭṭhāsavo sotāpattimaggena, avijjāsavo arahattamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhāsavo pahīyati, anāgāmimaggena kāmāsavo, arahattamaggena bhavāsavo avijjāsavo cāti.</p>
    2291. 

  2291. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1121"></a><span class="paranum">1121</span>. Saṃyojanesu mānaniddese <span class="bld">seyyohamasmīti māno</span>ti uttamaṭṭhena ‘ahaṃ seyyo’ti evaṃ uppannamāno. <span class="bld">Sadisohamasmīti māno</span>ti <a name="M0.0404"></a> samasamaṭṭhena ‘ahaṃ sadiso’ti evaṃ uppannamāno. <span class="bld">Hīnohamasmīti māno</span>ti lāmakaṭṭhena ‘ahaṃ hīno’ti evaṃ uppannamāno. Evaṃ seyyamāno sadisamāno hīnamānoti ime tayo mānā tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ uppajjanti. Seyyassāpi hi ‘ahaṃ seyyo sadiso hīno’ti tayo mānā uppajjanti. Sadisassāpi, hīnassāpi. Tattha seyyassa seyyamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Sadisassa sadisamānova…pe… hīnassa hīnamānova yāthāvamāno, itare dve ayāthāvamānā. Iminā kiṃ kathitaṃ? Ekassa tayo mānā uppajjantīti kathitaṃ. Khuddakavatthuke pana paṭhamakamānabhājanīye eko māno tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ uppajjatīti kathito.</p>
    2292. 

  2292. <p class="bodytext">Mānakaraṇavasena <span class="bld">māno. Maññanā maññitatta</span>nti ākārabhāvaniddesā. Ussitaṭṭhena <span class="bld">unnati</span>. Yassuppajjati taṃ puggalaṃ unnāmeti, ukkhipitvā ṭhapetīti <span class="bld">unnamo</span>. Samussitaṭṭhena <span class="bld">dhajo</span>. Ukkhipanaṭṭhena cittaṃ sampaggaṇhātīti <span class="bld">sampaggāho</span>. Ketu vuccati bahūsu dhajesu accuggatadhajo. Mānopi punappunaṃ uppajjamāno aparāpare upādāya accuggataṭṭhena ketu viyāti ‘ketu’. Ketuṃ icchatīti ketukamyaṃ, tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">ketukamyatā</span>. Sā pana cittassa, na attano. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘ketukamyatā <a name="V0.0398"></a> cittassā’ti. Mānasampayuttañhi cittaṃ ketuṃ icchati. Tassa ca bhāvo ketukamyatā; ketusaṅkhāto mānoti.</p>
    2293. 

  2293. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1126"></a><span class="paranum">1126</span>. Issāniddese <a name="P0.0373"></a> <span class="bld">yā paralābhasakkāragarukāramānanavandanapūjanāsu issā</span>ti yā etesu paresaṃ lābhādīsu ‘kiṃ iminā imesa’nti parasampattikhiyyanalakkhaṇā issā. Tattha <span class="bld">lābho</span>ti cīvarādīnaṃ catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ paṭilābho. Issukī hi puggalo parassa taṃ lābhaṃ khiyyati, ‘kiṃ imassa iminā’ti na icchati. <span class="bld">Sakkāro</span>ti tesaṃyeva paccayānaṃ sukatānaṃ sundarānaṃ paṭilābho. <span class="bld">Garukāro</span>ti garukiriyā, bhāriyakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Mānana</span>nti manena piyakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vandana</span>nti pañcapatiṭṭhitena vandanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pūjanā</span>ti gandhamālādīhi pūjanā. Issāyanavasena <span class="bld">issā</span>. Issākāro <span class="bld">issāyanā</span>. Issāyitabhāvo <span class="bld">issāyitattaṃ. Usūyā</span>dīni issādivevacanāni.</p>
    2294. 

  2294. <p class="bodytext">Imissā <a name="M0.0405"></a> pana issāya khiyyanalakkhaṇaṃ āgārikenāpi anāgārikenāpi dīpetabbaṃ. Āgāriko hi ekacco kasivaṇijjādīsu aññatarena ājīvena attano purisakāraṃ nissāya bhaddakaṃ yānaṃ vā vāhanaṃ vā ratanaṃ vā labhati. Aparo tassa alābhatthiko tena lābhena na tussati. ‘Kadā nu kho esa imāya sampattiyā parihāyitvā kapaṇo hutvā carissatī’ti cintetvā ekena kāraṇena tasmiṃ tāya sampattiyā parihīne attamano hoti. Anāgārikopi eko issāmanako aññaṃ attano sutapariyattiādīni nissāya uppannalābhādisampattiṃ disvā ‘kadā nu kho eso imehi lābhādīhi parihāyissatī’ti cintetvā, yadā taṃ ekena kāraṇena parihīnaṃ passati, tadā attamano hoti. Evaṃ parasampattikhiyyanalakkhaṇā ‘issā’ti veditabbā.</p>
    2295. 

  2295. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1127"></a><span class="paranum">1127</span>. Macchariyaniddese vatthuto macchariyadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">‘pañca macchariyāni āvāsamacchariya’</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha āvāse macchariyaṃ <span class="bld">āvāsamacchariyaṃ</span>. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2296. 

  2296. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āvāso</span> nāma sakalārāmopi pariveṇampi ekovarakopi rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānādīnipi. Tesu vasantā sukhaṃ vasanti paccaye labhanti. Eko bhikkhu vattasampannasseva pesalassa bhikkhuno tattha āgamanaṃ na icchati. Āgatopi ‘khippaṃ <a name="P0.0374"></a> gacchatū’ti cinteti. Idaṃ <span class="bld">‘āvāsamacchariyaṃ’</span> <a name="V0.0399"></a> nāma. Bhaṇḍanakārakādīnaṃ pana tattha vāsaṃ anicchato āvāsamacchariyaṃ nāma na hoti.</p>
    2297. 

  2297. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kula</span>nti upaṭṭhākakulampi ñātikulampi. Tattha aññassa upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchato kulamacchariyaṃ hoti. Pāpapuggalassa pana upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchantopi maccharī nāma na hoti. So hi tesaṃ pasādabhedāya paṭipajjati. Pasādaṃ rakkhituṃ samatthasseva pana bhikkhuno tattha upasaṅkamanaṃ anicchanto maccharī nāma hoti.</p>
    2298. 

  2298. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lābho</span>ti catupaccayalābhova. Taṃ aññasmiṃ sīlavanteyeva labhante ‘mā labhatū’ti cintentassa lābhamacchariyaṃ hoti. Yo pana saddhādeyyaṃ vinipāteti, aparibhogadupparibhogādivasena vināseti, pūtibhāvaṃ gacchantampi aññassa na deti, taṃ disvā ‘sace imaṃ esa na labheyya<a name="M0.0406"></a>, añño sīlavā labheyya, paribhogaṃ gaccheyyā’ti cintentassa macchariyaṃ nāma natthi.</p>
    2299. 

  2299. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇo</span> nāma sarīravaṇṇopi guṇavaṇṇopi. Tattha sarīravaṇṇe maccharipuggalo ‘paro pāsādiko rūpavā’ti vutte taṃ na kathetukāmo hoti. Guṇavaṇṇamaccharī sīlena dhutaṅgena paṭipadāya ācārena vaṇṇaṃ na kathetukāmo hoti.</p>
    2300. 

  2300. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti pariyattidhammo ca paṭivedhadhammo ca. Tattha ariyasāvakā paṭivedhadhammaṃ na maccharāyanti, attanā paṭividdhadhamme sadevakassa lokassa paṭivedhaṃ icchanti. Taṃ pana paṭivedhaṃ ‘pare jānantū’ti icchanti. Tantidhammeyeva pana dhammamacchariyaṃ nāma hoti. Tena samannāgato puggalo yaṃ guḷhaṃ ganthaṃ vā kathāmaggaṃ vā jānāti taṃ aññaṃ na jānāpetukāmo hoti. Yo pana puggalaṃ upaparikkhitvā dhammānuggahena, dhammaṃ vā upaparikkhitvā puggalānuggahena na deti, ayaṃ dhammamaccharī nāma na hoti.</p>
    2301. 

  2301. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ekacco puggalo lolo hoti, kālena samaṇo hoti, kālena brāhmaṇo, kālena <a name="P0.0375"></a> nigaṇṭho. Yo hi bhikkhu ‘ayaṃ puggalo paveṇiāgataṃ tantiṃ saṇhaṃ sukhumaṃ dhammantaraṃ bhinditvā āluḷissatī’ti na deti, ayaṃ puggalaṃ upaparikkhitvā dhammānuggahena na deti nāma<a name="V0.0400"></a>. Yo pana ‘ayaṃ dhammo saṇho sukhumo, sacāyaṃ puggalo gaṇhissati aññaṃ byākaritvā attānaṃ āvikatvā nassissatī’ti na deti, ayaṃ dhammaṃ upaparikkhitvā puggalānuggahena na deti nāma. Yo pana ‘sacāyaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ gaṇhissati, amhākaṃ samayaṃ bhindituṃ samattho bhavissatī’ti na deti, ayaṃ dhammamaccharī nāma hoti.</p>
    2302. 

  2302. <p class="bodytext">Imesu pañcasu macchariyesu āvāsamacchariyena tāva yakkho vā peto vā hutvā tasseva āvāsassa saṅkāraṃ sīsena ukkhipitvā vicarati. Kulamacchariyena tasmiṃ kule aññesaṃ dānamānanādīni karonte disvā ‘bhinnaṃ vatidaṃ kulaṃ mamā’ti cintayato lohitampi mukhato uggacchati, kucchivirecanampi hoti, antānipi khaṇḍākhaṇḍāni hutvā nikkhamanti. Lābhamacchariyena saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā santake lābhe maccharāyitvā puggalikaparibhogaṃ viya paribhuñjitvā yakkho vā peto vā mahāajagaro vā hutvā nibbattati. Sarīravaṇṇaguṇavaṇṇamaccharena pariyattidhammamacchariyena ca attanova <a name="M0.0407"></a> vaṇṇaṃ vaṇṇeti, paresaṃ vaṇṇe ‘kiṃ vaṇṇo eso’ti taṃ taṃ dosaṃ vadanto pariyattidhammañca kassaci kiñci adento dubbaṇṇo ceva eḷamūgo ca hoti.</p>
    2303. 

  2303. <p class="bodytext">Apica āvāsamacchariyena lohagehe paccati. Kulamacchariyena appalābho hoti. Lābhamacchariyena gūthaniraye nibbattati. Vaṇṇamacchariyena bhave bhave nibbattassa vaṇṇo nāma na hoti. Dhammamacchariyena kukkuḷaniraye nibbattatīti.</p>
    2304. 

  2304. <p class="bodytext">Maccharāyanavasena <span class="bld">maccheraṃ</span>. Maccharāyanākāro <span class="bld">maccharāyanā</span>. Maccharena ayitassa maccherasamaṅgino bhāvo <span class="bld">maccharāyitattaṃ</span>. ‘Mayhameva hontu mā aññassā’ti sabbāpi attano sampattiyo byāpetuṃ na icchatīti <span class="bld">viviccho</span>. Vivicchassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vevicchaṃ,</span> mudumacchariyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Kadariyo <a name="P0.0376"></a> vuccati anādaro. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kadariyaṃ</span>. Thaddhamacchariyassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Tena hi samannāgato puggalo parampi paresaṃ dadamānaṃ nivāreti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
    2305. 

  2305. <p class="gatha1">Kadariyo pāpasaṅkappo, micchādiṭṭhi anādaro;</p>
    2306. 

  2306. <p class="gathalast">Dadamānaṃ nivāreti, yācamānāna bhojananti. (saṃ. ni. 1.132);</p>
    2307. 

  2307. <p class="bodytext">Yācake <a name="V0.0401"></a> disvā kaṭukabhāvena cittaṃ añcati saṅkocetīti kaṭukañcuko. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kaṭukañcukatā</span>. Aparo nayo – <span class="bld">kaṭukañcukatā</span> vuccati kaṭacchuggāho. Samatittikapuṇṇāya hi ukkhaliyā bhattaṃ gaṇhanto sabbatobhāgena saṅkuṭitena aggakaṭacchunā gaṇhāti, pūretvā gahetuṃ na sakkoti; evaṃ maccharipuggalassa cittaṃ saṅkucati. Tasmiṃ saṅkucite kāyopi tatheva saṅkucati, paṭikuṭati, paṭinivattati, na sampasāriyatīti maccheraṃ ‘kaṭukañcukatā’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2308. 

  2308. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aggahitattaṃ cittassā</span>ti paresaṃ upakārakaraṇe dānādinā ākārena yathā na sampasāriyati, evaṃ āvaritvā gahitabhāvo cittassa. Yasmā pana maccharipuggalo attano santakaṃ paresaṃ adātukāmo hoti parasantakaṃ gaṇhitukāmo, tasmā ‘idaṃ acchariyaṃ mayhameva hotu, mā aññassā’ti pavattivasenassa attasampattinigūhanalakkhaṇatā attasampattiggahaṇalakkhaṇatā <a name="M0.0408"></a> vā veditabbā. Sesaṃ imasmiṃ gocchake uttānatthameva.</p>
    2309. 

  2309. <p class="bodytext">Imāni pana saṃyojanāni kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā kāmarāgapaṭighasaṃyojanāni anāgāmimaggena pahīyanti, mānasaṃyojanaṃ arahattamaggena, diṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsā sotāpattimaggena, bhavarāgasaṃyojanaṃ arahattamaggena, issāmacchariyāni sotāpattimaggena, avijjā arahattamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā diṭṭhivicikicchāsīlabbataparāmāsaissāmacchariyāni sotāpattimaggena pahīyanti, kāmarāgapaṭighā <a name="P0.0377"></a> anāgāmimaggena, mānabhavarāgaavijjā arahattamaggenāti.</p>
    2310. 

  2310. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1140"></a><span class="paranum">1140</span>. Ganthagocchake nāmakāyaṃ gantheti, cutipaṭisandhivasena vaṭṭasmiṃ ghaṭetīti <span class="bld">kāyagantho</span>. Sabbaññubhāsitampi paṭikkhipitvā sassato loko idameva saccaṃ moghamaññanti iminā ākārena abhinivisatīti <span class="bld">idaṃsaccābhiniveso</span>. Yasmā pana abhijjhākāmarāgānaṃ viseso atthi, tasmā abhijjhākāyaganthassa padabhājane ‘‘yo kāmesu kāmacchando kāmarāgo’’ti avatvā yo rāgo sārāgotiādi vuttaṃ. Iminā yaṃ heṭṭhā vuttaṃ ‘brahmānaṃ vimānādīsu chandarāgo kāmāsavo na hoti, ganthagocchakaṃ patvā abhijjhākāyagantho hotī’ti taṃ suvuttanti veditabbaṃ. Parato kilesagocchakepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ṭhapetvā sīlabbataparāmāsa</span>nti idaṃ yasmā sīlabbataparāmāso ‘idameva sacca’ntiādinā ākārena nābhinivisati, ‘sīlena suddhī’tiādinā <a name="V0.0402"></a> eva pana abhinivisati, tasmā micchādiṭṭhibhūtampi taṃ paṭikkhipanto ‘ṭhapetvā’ti āha.</p>
    2311. 

  2311. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1162"></a><span class="paranum">1162</span>. Nīvaraṇagocchakassa thinamiddhaniddese <span class="bld">cittassa akallatā</span>ti cittassa gilānabhāvo. Gilāno hi akallakoti vuccati. Vinayepi vuttaṃ – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhante, akallako’’ti (pārā. 151). <span class="bld">Akammaññatā</span>ti cittagelaññasaṅkhātova akammaññatākāro. <span class="bld">Olīyanā</span>ti olīyanākāro. Iriyāpathikacittañhi iriyāpathaṃ sandhāretuṃ asakkontaṃ, rukkhe vagguli viya, khīle laggitaphāṇitavārako viya ca, olīyati. Tassa taṃ ākāraṃ <a name="M0.0409"></a> sandhāya olīyanāti vuttaṃ. Dutiyapadaṃ upasaggavasena vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Līna</span>nti avipphārikatāya paṭikuṭitaṃ. Itare dve ākārabhāvaniddesā. <span class="bld">Thina</span>nti sappipiṇḍo viya avipphārikatāya ghanabhāvena ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Thiyanā</span>ti ākāraniddeso. Thiyitabhāvo <span class="bld">thiyitattaṃ,</span> avipphāravaseneva thaddhatāti attho.</p>
    2312. 

  2312. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1163"></a><span class="paranum">1163</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyassā</span>ti <a name="P0.0378"></a> khandhattayasaṅkhātassa nāmakāyassa. <span class="bld">Akallatā akammaññatā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Megho viya ākāsaṃ kāyaṃ onayhatīti <span class="bld">onāho</span>. Sabbatobhāgena onāho <span class="bld">pariyonāho</span>. Abbhantare samorundhatīti <span class="bld">antosamorodho</span>. Yathā hi nagare rundhitvā gahite manussā bahi nikkhamituṃ na labhanti, evampi middhena samoruddhā dhammā vipphāravasena nikkhamituṃ na labhanti. Tasmā antosamorodhoti vuttaṃ. Medhatīti <span class="bld">middhaṃ;</span> akammaññabhāvena vihiṃsatīti attho. Supanti tenāti <span class="bld">soppaṃ</span>. Akkhidalādīnaṃ pacalabhāvaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">pacalāyikā. Supanā supitatta</span>nti ākārabhāvaniddesā. Yaṃ pana tesaṃ purato soppapadaṃ tassa punavacane kāraṇaṃ vuttameva. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccati thinamiddhanīvaraṇa</span>nti idaṃ thinañca middhañca ekato katvā āvaraṇaṭṭhena thinamiddhanīvaraṇanti vuccati. Yaṃ yebhuyyena sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ niddāya pubbabhāgaaparabhāgesu uppajjati taṃ arahattamaggena samucchijjati. Khīṇāsavānaṃ pana karajakāyassa dubbalabhāvena bhavaṅgotaraṇaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ asammisse vattamāne te supanti, sā nesaṃ niddā nāma hoti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṃ, aggivessana, gimhānaṃ pacchime māse catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno niddaṃ okkamitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.387). Evarūpo panāyaṃ karajakāyassa dubbalabhāvo na maggavajjho, upādinnakepi anupādinnakepi labbhati. Upādinnake labbhamāno yadā khīṇāsavo dīghamaggaṃ <a name="V0.0403"></a> gato hoti, aññataraṃ vā pana kammaṃ katvā kilanto, evarūpe kāle labbhati. Anupādinnake labbhamāno paṇṇapupphesu labbhati. Ekaccānañhi rukkhānaṃ paṇṇāni sūriyātapena pasāriyanti rattiṃ paṭikuṭanti, padumapupphādīni sūriyātapena pupphanti, rattiṃ puna paṭikuṭanti<a name="P0.0379"></a>. Idaṃ pana middhaṃ akusalattā khīṇāsavānaṃ na hotīti.</p>
    2313. 

  2313. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0410"></a> siyā – ‘‘na middhaṃ akusalaṃ. Kasmā? Rūpattā. Rūpañhi abyākataṃ. Idañca rūpaṃ. Tenevettha ‘kāyassa akallatā akammaññatā’ti kāyaggahaṇaṃ kata’’nti. Yadi ‘kāyassā’ti vuttamattenevetaṃ rūpaṃ, kāyapassaddhādayopi dhammā rūpameva bhaveyyuṃ. ‘Sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti’ (dha. sa. 163; dī. ni. 1.230) ‘kāyena ceva paramasaccaṃ sacchikarotī’ti (ma. ni. 2.183; a. ni. 4.113) sukhapaṭisaṃvedanaparamatthasaccasacchikaraṇānipi rūpakāyeneva siyuṃ. Tasmā na vattabbametaṃ ‘rūpaṃ middha’nti. Nāmakāyo hettha kāyo nāma. Yadi nāmakāyo, atha kasmā ‘soppaṃ pacalāyikā’ti vuttaṃ? Na hi nāmakāyo supati, na ca pacalāyatīti. ‘Liṅgādīni viya indriyassa, tassa phalattā. Yathā hi ‘itthiliṅgaṃ itthinimittaṃ itthikuttaṃ itthākappo’ti imāni liṅgādīni itthindriyassa phalattā vuttāni, evaṃ imassāpi nāmakāyagelaññasaṅkhātassa middhassa phalattā soppādīni vuttāni. Middhe hi sati tāni hontīti. Phalūpacārena, middhaṃ arūpampi samānaṃ ‘soppaṃ pacalāyikā supanā supitatta’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
    2314. 

  2314. <p class="bodytext">‘Akkhidalādīnaṃ pacalabhāvaṃ karotīti pacalāyikā’ti vacanatthenāpi cāyamattho sādhitoyevāti na rūpaṃ middhaṃ. Onāhādīhipi cassa arūpabhāvo dīpitoyeva. Na hi rūpaṃ nāmakāyassa ‘onāho pariyonāho antosamorodho’ hotīti. ‘Nanu ca imināva kāraṇenetaṃ rūpaṃ? Na hi arūpaṃ kassaci onāho, na pariyonāho, na antosamorodho hotī’ti. Yadi evaṃ, āvaraṇampi na bhaveyya. Tasmā. Yathā kāmacchandādayo arūpadhammā āvaraṇaṭṭhena nīvaraṇā, evaṃ imassāpi onāhanādiatthena onāhāditā veditabbā. Apica ‘‘pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe’’ti (dī. ni. 2.146; saṃ. ni. 5.233) vacanatopetaṃ arūpaṃ. Na hi <a name="P0.0380"></a> rūpaṃ cittupakkileso, na paññāya dubbalīkaraṇaṃ hotīti.</p>
    2315. 

  2315. <p class="bodytext">Kasmā <a name="V0.0404"></a> na hoti? Nanu vuttaṃ –</p>
    2316. 

  2316. <p class="indent">‘‘Santi, bhikkhave, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā suraṃ pivanti merayaṃ, surāmerayapānā appaṭiviratā, ayaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamo samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ upakkileso’’ti (a. ni. 4.50).</p>
    2317. 

  2317. <p class="bodytext">Aparampi <a name="M0.0411"></a> vuttaṃ ‘‘cha khome, gahapatiputta, ādīnavā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānānuyoge – sandiṭṭhikā dhanajāni, kalahappavaḍḍhanī, rogānaṃ āyatanaṃ, akittisañjananī, kopīnanidaṃsanī, paññāya dubbalīkaraṇītveva chaṭṭhaṃ padaṃ bhavatī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.248). Paccakkhatopi cetaṃ siddhameva. Yathā majje udaragate, cittaṃ saṃkilissati, paññā dubbalā hoti, tasmā majjaṃ viya middhampi cittasaṃkileso ceva paññāya dubbalīkaraṇañca siyāti. Na, paccayaniddesato. Yadi hi majjaṃ saṃkileso bhaveyya, so ‘‘ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese’’ti (ma. ni. 1.297) vā, ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, pañcime cittassa upakkilesā, yehi upakkilesehi upakkiliṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ na ceva mudu hoti, na ca kammaniyaṃ, na ca pabhassaraṃ, pabhaṅgu ca, na ca sammā samādhiyati āsavānaṃ khayāya. Katame pañca? Kāmacchando, bhikkhave, cittassa upakkileso’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.214) vā, ‘‘katame ca, bhikkhave, cittassa upakkilesā? Abhijjhā visamalobho cittassa upakkileso’’ti (ma. ni. 1.71) vā – evamādīsu upakkilesaniddesesu niddesaṃ āgaccheyya. Yasmā pana tasmiṃ pīte upakkilesā uppajjanti ye cittasaṃkilesā ceva paññāya ca dubbalīkaraṇā honti, tasmā taṃ tesaṃ paccayattā paccayaniddesato evaṃ vuttaṃ. Middhaṃ pana sayameva cittassa saṃkileso ceva paññāya dubbalīkaraṇañcāti arūpameva middhaṃ.</p>
    2318. 

  2318. <p class="bodytext">Kiñca bhiyyo? Sampayogavacanato. ‘‘Thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ avijjānīvaraṇena nīvaraṇañceva nīvaraṇasampayuttañcā’’ti (dha. sa. 1176) hi vuttaṃ. Tasmā sampayogavacanato nayidaṃ rūpaṃ. Na hi rūpaṃ sampayuttasaṅkhyaṃ labhatīti. Athāpi siyā – ‘yathālābhavasenetaṃ <a name="P0.0381"></a> vuttaṃ. Yathā hi ‘‘sippisambukampi sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantampī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.249; ma. ni. 1.433) evaṃ ekato katvā yathālābhavasena vuttaṃ. Sakkharakathalañhi tiṭṭhati yeva na carati, itaradvayaṃ tiṭṭhatipi caratipi. Evamidhāpi middhaṃ nīvaraṇameva, na sampayuttaṃ<a name="V0.0405"></a>, thinaṃ nīvaraṇampi sampayuttampīti sabbaṃ ekato katvā yathālābhavasena ‘‘nīvaraṇañceva nīvaraṇasampayuttañcā’’ti vuttaṃ. Middhaṃ pana yathā sakkharakathalaṃ tiṭṭhateva na carati, evaṃ nīvaraṇameva, na sampayuttaṃ. Tasmā rūpameva middhanti. Na, rūpabhāvāsiddhito. Sakkharakathalañhi na caratīti vināpi suttena siddhaṃ. Tasmā tattha yathālābhavasenattho hotu<a name="M0.0412"></a>. Middhaṃ pana rūpanti asiddhametaṃ. Na sakkā tassa iminā suttena rūpabhāvo sādhetunti middhassa rūpabhāvāsiddhito na idaṃ yathālābhavasena vuttanti arūpameva middhaṃ.</p>
    2319. 

  2319. <p class="bodytext">Kiñca bhiyyo? ‘Cattattā’tiādivacanato. Vibhaṅgasmiñhi ‘‘vigatathinamiddhoti tassa thinamiddhassa cattattā vantattā muttattā pahīnattā paṭinissaṭṭhattā, tena vuccati vigatathinamiddho’’ti (vibha. 547) ca, ‘‘idaṃ cittaṃ imamhā thinamiddhā sodheti visodheti parisodheti moceti vimoceti parimoceti, tena vuccati thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti’’ cāti (vibha. 551) – evaṃ ‘cattattā’tiādi vuttaṃ. Na ca ‘rūpaṃ’ evaṃ vuccati, tasmāpi arūpameva middhanti. Na, cittajassāsambhavavacanato. Tividhañhi middhaṃ – cittajaṃ utujaṃ āhārajañca. Tasmā yaṃ tattha cittajaṃ tassa vibhaṅge jhānacittehi asambhavo vutto, na arūpabhāvo sādhitoti rūpameva middhanti. Na, rūpabhāvāsiddhitova. Middhassa hi rūpabhāve siddhe sakkā etaṃ laddhuṃ. Tattha cittajassāsambhavo vutto. So eva ca na sijjhatīti arūpameva middhaṃ.</p>
    2320. 

  2320. <p class="bodytext">Kiñca bhiyyo? Pahānavacanato. Bhagavatā hi ‘‘cha, bhikkhave, dhamme pahāya bhabbo paṭhamajjhānaṃ <a name="P0.0382"></a> upasampajja viharituṃ; katame cha? Kāmacchandaṃ, byāpādaṃ, thinamiddhaṃ, uddhaccaṃ, kakkuccaṃ, vicikicchaṃ; kāmesu kho panassa ādīnavo sammapaññāya sudiṭṭho hotī’’ti (a. ni. 6.73) ca, ‘‘ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya balavatiyā paññāya attatthaṃ vā paratthaṃ vā ñassatī’’ti (a. ni. 5.51) ca ādīsu middhassāpi pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Na ca rūpaṃ pahātabbaṃ. Yathāha – ‘‘rūpakkhandho abhiññeyyo, pariññeyyo, na pahātabbo, na bhāvetabbo na sacchikātabbo’’ti (vibha. 1031) imassāpi pahānavacanato arūpameva middhanti. Na, rūpassāpi pahānavacanato. ‘‘Rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, na tumhākaṃ, taṃ pajahathā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.247; saṃ. ni. 3.33). Ettha hi rūpassāpi pahānaṃ vuttameva. Tasmā akāraṇametanti. Na, aññathā vuttattā. Tasmiñhi sutte ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, rūpe chandarāgavinayo <a name="V0.0406"></a> taṃ tattha pahāna’’nti (saṃ. ni. 3.25) evaṃ chandarāgappahānavasena rūpassa pahānaṃ vuttaṃ, na yathā ‘‘cha dhamme pahāya pañca nīvaraṇe pahāyā’’ti evaṃ pahātabbameva vuttanti, aññathā vuttattā, na rūpaṃ middhaṃ. Tasmā yānetāni ‘‘so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso <a name="M0.0413"></a> upakkilese’’tiādīni suttāni vuttāni, etehi ceva aññehi ca suttehi arūpameva middhanti veditabbaṃ. Tathā hi –</p>
    2321. 

  2321. <p class="indent">‘‘Pañcime, bhikkhave, āvaraṇā nīvaraṇā cetaso ajjhāruhā paññāya dubbalīkaraṇā. Katame pañca? Kāmacchando, bhikkhave, āvaraṇo nīvaraṇo…pe… thinamiddhaṃ, bhikkhave, āvaraṇaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ cetaso ajjhāruhaṃ paññāya dubbalīkaraṇa’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.220) ca, ‘‘thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, andhakaraṇaṃ acakkhukaraṇaṃ aññāṇakaraṇaṃ paññānirodhikaṃ vighātapakkhikaṃ anibbānasaṃvattanika’’nti (saṃ. ni. 5.221) ca, ‘‘evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, yasmiṃ samaye thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati thinamiddhaparetenā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.236) ca, ‘‘ayoniso, bhikkhave, manasikaroto anuppanno ceva kāmacchando uppajjati…pe… anuppannañceva <a name="P0.0383"></a> thinamiddhaṃ uppajjatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.216) ca, ‘‘kevalohāyaṃ, bhikkhave, akusalarāsi yadidaṃ pañca nīvaraṇā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.371) ca –</p>
    2322. 

  2322. <p class="bodytext">Evamādīni ca anekāni etassa arūpabhāvajotakāneva suttāni vuttāni. Yasmā cetaṃ arūpaṃ tasmā āruppepi uppajjati. Vuttañhetaṃ mahāpakaraṇe <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> – ‘‘nīvaraṇaṃ dhammaṃ paṭicca nīvaraṇo dhammo uppajjati, na purejātapaccayā’’ti etassa vibhaṅge ‘‘āruppe kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ paṭicca thinamiddhaṃ… uddhaccaṃ avijjānīvaraṇa’’nti (paṭṭhā. 3.8.8) sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Tasmā sanniṭṭhānamettha gantabbaṃ arūpameva middhanti.</p>
    2323. 

  2323. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1166"></a><span class="paranum">1166</span>. Kukkuccaniddese <span class="bld">akappiye kappiyasaññitā</span>tiādīni mūlato kukkuccadassanatthaṃ vuttāni. Evaṃsaññitāya hi kate vītikamme, niṭṭhite vatthujjhācāre, puna sañjātasatinopi ‘duṭṭhu mayā kata’nti evaṃ anutappamānassa pacchānutāpavasenetaṃ uppajjati. Tena taṃ mūlato dassetuṃ ‘akappiye kappiyasaññitā’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha akappiyabhojanaṃ kappiyasaññī hutvā paribhuñjati, akappiyamaṃsaṃ kappiyamaṃsasaññī hutvā, acchamaṃsaṃ sūkaramaṃsanti, dīpimaṃsaṃ vā migamaṃsanti <a name="V0.0407"></a> khādati; kāle vītivatte kālasaññāya, pavāretvā appavāritasaññāya, pattasmiṃ raje patite paṭiggahitasaññāya bhuñjati – evaṃ ‘akappiye kappiyasaññāya’ vītikkamaṃ <a name="M0.0414"></a> karoti nāma. Sūkaramaṃsaṃ pana acchamaṃsasaññāya khādamāno, kāle ca vikālasaññāya bhuñjamāno ‘kappiye akappiyasaññitāya’ vītikkamaṃ karoti nāma. Anavajjaṃ pana kiñcideva vajjasaññitāya, vajjañca anavajjasaññitāya karonto ‘anavajje vajjasaññāya vajje ca anavajjasaññāya’ vītikkamaṃ karoti nāma. Yasmā panetaṃ ‘‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇaṃ, akataṃ kusalaṃ, akataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ, kataṃ pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisa’’nti evaṃ anavajje vajjasaññitāyapi kate vītikkame uppajjati, tasmāssa aññampi vatthuṃ anujānanto <span class="bld">yaṃ evarūpa</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
    2324. 

  2324. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P0.0384"></a> kukkuccapadaṃ vuttatthameva. Kukkuccāyanākāro <span class="bld">kukkuccāyanā</span>. Kukkuccena ayitassa bhāvo <span class="bld">kukkuccāyitattaṃ. Cetaso vippaṭisāro</span>ti ettha katākatassa sāvajjānavajjassa vā abhimukhagamanaṃ ‘vippaṭisāro’ nāma. Yasmā pana so kataṃ vā pāpaṃ akataṃ na karoti, akataṃ vā kalyāṇaṃ kataṃ na karoti, tasmā virūpo kucchito vā paṭisāroti ‘vippaṭisāro’. So pana cetaso, na sattassāti ñāpanatthaṃ ‘cetaso’ vippaṭisāroti vuttaṃ. Ayamassa sabhāvaniddeso. Uppajjamānaṃ pana kukkuccaṃ āraggamiva kaṃsapattaṃ manaṃ vilikhamānameva uppajjati, tasmā <span class="bld">manovilekho</span>ti vuttaṃ. Ayamassa kiccaniddeso. Yaṃ pana vinaye ‘‘atha kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṃ anuvasitvā anuvasitvā āvasathapiṇḍaṃ paribhuñjitu’’nti kukkuccāyanto na paṭiggahesīti (pāci. 204) kukkuccaṃ āgataṃ, na taṃ nīvaraṇaṃ. Na hi arahato ‘duṭṭhu mayā idaṃ kata’nti evaṃ anutāpo atthi. Nīvaraṇapatirūpakaṃ panetaṃ ‘kappati na kappatī’ti vīmaṃsanasaṅkhātaṃ vinayakukkuccaṃ nāma.</p>
    2325. 

  2325. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1176"></a><span class="paranum">1176</span>. <span class="bld">‘‘Katame dhammā nīvaraṇā ceva nīvaraṇasampayuttā cā’’</span>ti padassa niddese yasmā thinamiddhaṃ aññamaññaṃ na vijahati, tasmā <span class="bld">thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ avijjānīvaraṇena nīvaraṇañceva nīvaraṇasampayuttañcā</span>ti abhinditvā vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana uddhacce satipi kukkuccassa abhāvā kukkuccena vināpi uddhaccaṃ uppajjati, tasmā taṃ bhinditvā vuttaṃ. Yañca yena sampayogaṃ na gacchati, taṃ na yojitanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2326. 

  2326. <p class="bodytext">Ime <a name="M0.0415"></a><a name="V0.0408"></a> pana nīvaraṇe kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā kāmacchandabyāpādā anāgāmimaggena pahīyanti, thinamiddhuddhaccāni arahattamaggena, kukkuccavicikicchā sotāpattimaggena, avijjā arahattamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā sotāpattimaggena kukkuccavicikicchā pahīyanti, anāgāmimaggena kāmacchandabyāpādā, arahattamaggena thinamiddhuddhaccāvijjāti.</p>
    2327. 

  2327. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1182"></a><span class="paranum">1182</span>. Parāmāsagocchake <a name="P0.0385"></a> <span class="bld">te dhamme ṭhapetvā</span>ti pucchāsabhāgena bahuvacanaṃ kataṃ.</p>
    2328. 

  2328. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1219"></a><span class="paranum">1219</span>. Upādānaniddese vatthusaṅkhātaṃ kāmaṃ upādiyatīti <span class="bld">kāmupādānaṃ</span> kāmo ca so upādānañcātipi kāmupādānaṃ. <span class="bld">Upādāna</span>nti daḷhaggahaṇaṃ. Daḷhattho hi ettha upasaddo upāyāsaupakaṭṭhādīsu viya. Tathā diṭṭhi ca sā upādānañcāti <span class="bld">diṭṭhupādānaṃ</span>. Diṭṭhiṃ upādiyatīti diṭṭhupādānaṃ. ‘Sassato attā ca loko cā’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 1.31) hi purimadiṭṭhiṃ uttaradiṭṭhi upādiyahi. Tathā sīlabbataṃ upādiyatīti <span class="bld">sīlabbatupādānaṃ</span>. Sīlabbatañca taṃ upādānañcātipi sīlabbatupādānaṃ. Gosīlagovatādīni hi ‘evaṃ suddhī’ti abhinivesato sayameva upādānāni. Tathā, vadanti etenāti ‘vādo’; upādiyanti etenāti ‘upādānaṃ’. Kiṃ vadanti, upādiyanti vā? Attānaṃ. Attano vādupādānaṃ <span class="bld">attavādupādānaṃ;</span> ‘attavādamattameva vā attā’ti upādiyanti etenāti attavādupādānaṃ.</p>
    2329. 

  2329. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1220"></a><span class="paranum">1220</span>. <span class="bld">Yo kāmesu kāmacchando</span>ti etthāpi vatthukāmāva anavasesato kāmāti adhippetā. Tasmā vatthukāmesu kāmacchando idha kāmupādānanti anāgāminopi taṃ siddhaṃ hoti. Pañcakāmaguṇavatthuko panassa kāmarāgova natthīti.</p>
    2330. 

  2330. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1221"></a><span class="paranum">1221</span>. Diṭṭhupādānaniddese <span class="bld">natthi dinna</span>nti. Dinnaṃ nāma atthi, sakkā kassaci kiñci dātunti jānāti; dinnassa pana phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi yiṭṭha</span>nti. Yiṭṭhaṃ vuccati mahāyāgo. Taṃ yajituṃ sakkāti jānāti; yiṭṭhassa pana phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi huta</span>nti āhunapāhunamaṅgalakiriyā. Taṃ kātuṃ sakkāti jānāti; tassa pana phalaṃ vipāko natthīti <a name="M0.0416"></a> gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi, sukatadukkaṭāna</span>nti ettha dasa kusalakammapathā sukatakammāni nāma. Dasa akusalakammapathā dukkaṭakammāni <a name="P0.0386"></a> nāma. Tesaṃ atthibhāvaṃ <a name="V0.0409"></a> jānāti phalaṃ vipāko pana natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi ayaṃ loko</span>ti paraloke ṭhito imaṃ lokaṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi paraloko</span>ti idha loke ṭhito paralokaṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi mātā natthi pitā</span>ti mātāpitūnaṃ atthibhāvaṃ jānāti, tesu katapaccayena koci phalaṃ vipāko natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Natthi sattā opapātikā</span>ti cavanakaupapajjanakā sattā natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā</span>ti anulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipannā dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇā lokasmiṃ natthīti gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī</span>ti imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ attanāva abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena ñatvā pavedanasamattho sabbaññū buddho nāma natthīti gaṇhāti.</p>
    2331. 

  2331. <p class="bodytext">Imāni pana upādānāni kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā kāmupādānaṃ catūhi maggehi pahīyati, sesāni tīṇi sotāpattimaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhupādānādīni pahīyanti, catūhi maggehi kāmupādānanti.</p>
    2332. 

  2332. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1235"></a><span class="paranum">1235</span>. Kilesagocchake kilesā eva <span class="bld">kilesavatthūni</span>. Vasanti vā ettha akhīṇāsavā sattā lobhādīsu patiṭṭhitattāti <span class="bld">‘vatthūni’</span>. Kilesā ca te tappatiṭṭhānaṃ sattānaṃ vatthūni cāti <span class="bld">‘kilesavatthūni’</span>. Yasmā cettha anantarapaccayādibhāvena uppajjamānā kilesāpi vasanti eva nāma, tasmā kilesānaṃ vatthūnītipi ‘kilesavatthūni’.</p>
    2333. 

  2333. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1236"></a><span class="paranum">1236</span>. <span class="bld">Tattha katamo lobho? Yo rāgo sārāgo</span>ti ayaṃ pana lobho hetugocchake ganthagocchake imasmiṃ kilesagocchaketi tīsu ṭhānesu atirekapadasatena niddiṭṭho. Āsavasaṃyojanaoghayoganīvaraṇaupādānagocchakesu aṭṭhahi aṭṭhahi padehi niddiṭṭho. Svāyaṃ atirekapadasatena niddiṭṭhaṭṭhānepi aṭṭhahi aṭṭhahi padehi niddiṭṭhaṭṭhānepi nippadesatova gahitoti veditabbo. Tesu <a name="P0.0387"></a> hetuganthanīvaraṇaupādānakilesagocchakesu catumaggavajjhā taṇhā ekeneva <a name="M0.0417"></a> koṭṭhāsena ṭhitā. Āsavasaṃyojanaoghayogesu catumaggavajjhāpi dve koṭṭhāsā hutvā ṭhitā. Kathaṃ? Āsavesu kāmāsavo bhavāsavoti, saṃyojanesu kāmarāgasaṃyojanaṃ bhavarāgasaṃyojananti, oghesu kāmogho bhavoghoti, yogesu kāmayogo bhavayogoti.</p>
    2334. 

  2334. <p class="bodytext">Imāni pana kilesavatthūni kilesapaṭipāṭiyāpi āharituṃ vaṭṭati maggapaṭipāṭiyāpi. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā <a name="V0.0410"></a> lobho catūhi maggehi pahīyati, doso anāgāmimaggena, mohamānā arahattamaggena, diṭṭhivicikicchā sotāpattimaggena, thinādīni arahattamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā sotāpattimaggena diṭṭhivicikicchā pahīyanti, anāgāmimaggena doso, arahattamaggena sesā sattāti.</p>
    2335. 

  2335. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1287"></a><span class="paranum">1287</span>. Kāmāvacaraniddese <span class="bld">heṭṭhato</span>ti heṭṭhābhāgena. <span class="bld">Avīciniraya</span>nti vā aggijālānaṃ vā sattānaṃ vā dukkhavedanāya vīci, antaraṃ, chiddaṃ ettha natthīti avīci. Sukhasaṅkhāto ayo ettha natthīti nirayo. Niratiatthenapi nirassādatthenapi nirayo. <span class="bld">Pariyantaṃ karitvā</span>ti taṃ avīcisaṅkhātaṃ nirayaṃ antaṃ katvā. <span class="bld">Uparito</span>ti uparibhāgena. <span class="bld">Paranimmitavasavattideve</span>ti paranimmitesu kāmesu vasaṃ vattanato evaṃladdhavohāre deve. <span class="bld">Anto karitvā</span>ti anto pakkhipitvā. <span class="bld">Yaṃ etasmiṃ antare</span>ti ye etasmiṃ okāse. <span class="bld">Etthāvacarā</span>ti iminā yasmā etasmiṃ antare aññepi caranti kadāci katthaci sambhavato, tasmā tesaṃ asaṅgaṇhanatthaṃ ‘avacarā’ti vuttaṃ. Tena ye etasmiṃ antare ogāḷhā hutvā caranti sabbattha sadā ca sambhavato, adhobhāge caranti avīcinirayassa heṭṭhā bhūtupādāyapavattibhāvena, tesaṃ saṅgaho kato hoti. Te hi avagāḷhāva caranti, adhobhāgeva carantīti <span class="bld">avacarā. Ettha pariyāpannā</span>ti iminā pana yasmā ete etthāvacarā aññatthāpi avacaranti, na pana tattha pariyāpannā honti, tasmā tesaṃ aññatthāpi avacarantānaṃ pariggaho kato hoti. Idāni te ettha pariyāpannadhamme rāsisuññatapaccayabhāvato <a name="P0.0388"></a> ceva sabhāvato ca dassento <span class="bld">khandhā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
    2336. 

  2336. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1289"></a><span class="paranum">1289</span>. Rūpāvacaraniddese <a name="M0.0418"></a> <span class="bld">brahmaloka</span>nti paṭhamajjhānabhūmisaṅkhātaṃ brahmaṭṭhānaṃ. Sesamettha kāmāvacaraniddese vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Samāpannassa vā</span>tiādīsu paṭhamapadena kusalajjhānaṃ vuttaṃ, dutiyena vipākajjhānaṃ, vuttaṃ tatiyena kiriyajjhānaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2337. 

  2337. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1291"></a><span class="paranum">1291</span>. Arūpāvacaraniddese <span class="bld">ākāsānañcāyatanūpage</span>ti ākāsānañcāyatanasaṅkhātaṃ bhavaṃ upagate. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2338. 

  2338. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1301"></a><span class="paranum">1301</span>. Saraṇadukaniddese yvāyaṃ tīsu akusalamūlesu moho, so lobhasampayutto ca lobhena <a name="V0.0411"></a> <span class="bld">saraṇo,</span> dosasampayutto ca dosena saraṇo. Vicikicchuddhaccasampayutto pana moho diṭṭhisampayuttena ceva rūparāgaarūparāgasaṅkhātena ca rāgaraṇena pahānekaṭṭhabhāvato saraṇo sarajoti veditabbo.</p>
    2339. 

  2339. <p class="title">Suttantikadukanikkhepakathā</p>
    2340. 

  2340. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1303"></a><span class="paranum">1303</span>. Suttantikadukesu mātikākathāyaṃ atthato vivecitattā yāni ca nesaṃ niddesapadāni tesampi heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva suviññeyyattā yebhuyyena uttānatthāni eva. Idaṃ panettha visesamattaṃ – <span class="bld">vijjūpamaduke</span> tāva cakkhumā kira puriso meghandhakāre rattiṃ maggaṃ paṭipajji. Tassa andhakāratāya maggo na paññāyi. Vijju niccharitvā andhakāraṃ viddhaṃsesi. Athassa andhakāravigamā maggo pākaṭo ahosi. So dutiyampi gamanaṃ abhinīhari. Dutiyampi andhakāro otthari. Maggo na paññāyi. Vijju niccharitvā taṃ viddhaṃsesi. Vigate andhakāre maggo pākaṭo ahosi. Tatiyampi gamanaṃ abhinīhari. Andhakāro otthari. Maggo na paññāyi. Vijju niccharitvā andhakāraṃ viddhaṃsesi.</p>
    2341. 

  2341. <p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkhumato purisassa andhakāre maggapaṭipajjanaṃ viya ariyasāvakassa sotāpattimaggatthāya vipassanārambho. Andhakāre maggassa apaññāyanakālo viya saccacchādakatamaṃ. Vijjuyā niccharitvā andhakārassa viddhaṃsitakālo viya sotāpattimaggobhāsena uppajjitvā saccacchādakatamassa <a name="M0.0419"></a> vinoditakālo. Vigate andhakāre maggassa pākaṭakālo viya <a name="P0.0389"></a> sotāpattimaggassa catunnaṃ saccānaṃ pākaṭakālo. Maggassa pākaṭaṃ pana maggasamaṅgipuggalassa pākaṭameva. Dutiyagamanābhinīhāro viya sakadāgāmimaggatthāya vipassanārambho. Andhakāre maggassa apaññāyanakālo viya saccacchādakatamaṃ. Dutiyaṃ vijjuyā niccharitvā andhakārassa viddhaṃsitakālo viya sakadāgāmimaggobhāsena uppajjitvā saccacchādakatamassa vinoditakālo. Vigate andhakāre maggassa pākaṭakālo viya sakadāgāmimaggassa catunnaṃ saccānaṃ pākaṭakālo. Maggassa pākaṭaṃ pana maggasamaṅgipuggalassa pākaṭameva. Tatiyagamanābhinīhāro viya anāgāmimaggatthāya vipassanārambho. Andhakāre maggassa apaññāyanakālo viya saccacchādakatamaṃ. Tatiyaṃ vijjuyā niccharitvā andhakārassa viddhaṃsitakālo viya anāgāmimaggobhāsena uppajjitvā saccacchādakatamassa vinoditakālo. Vigate <a name="V0.0412"></a> andhakāre maggassa pākaṭakālo viya anāgāmimaggassa catunnaṃ saccānaṃ pākaṭakālo. Maggassa pākaṭaṃ pana maggasamaṅgipuggalassa pākaṭameva.</p>
    2342. 

  2342. <p class="bodytext">Vajirassa pana pāsāṇo vā maṇi vā abhejjo nāma natthi. Yattha patati taṃ vinividdhameva hoti. Vajiraṃ khepentaṃ asesetvā khepeti. Vajirena gatamaggo nāma puna pākatiko na hoti. Evameva arahattamaggassa avajjhakileso nāma natthi. Sabbakilese vinivijjhati vajiraṃ viya. Arahattamaggopi kilese khepento asesetvā khepeti. Vajirena gatamaggassa puna pākatikattābhāvo viya arahattamaggena pahīnakilesānaṃ puna paccudāvattanaṃ nāma natthīti.</p>
    2343. 

  2343. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1307"></a><span class="paranum">1307</span>. <span class="bld">Bāladuka</span>niddese bālesu ahirikānottappāni pākaṭāni, mūlāni ca sesānaṃ bāladhammānaṃ. Ahiriko hi anottappī ca na kiñci akusalaṃ na karoti nāmāti. Etāni dve paṭhamaṃyeva visuṃ vuttāni. Sukkapakkhepi ayameva nayo. Tathā kaṇhaduke.</p>
    2344. 

  2344. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1311"></a><span class="paranum">1311</span>. <span class="bld">Tapanīyaduka</span>niddese katattā ca akatattā ca tapanaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritādīni</span> <a name="P0.0390"></a> hi katattā tapanti, kāyasucaritādīni akatattā. Tathā hi puggalo ‘kataṃ me kāyaduccarita’nti tappati, ‘akataṃ me kāyasucarita’nti tappati. ‘Kataṃ me vacīduccarita’nti tappati…pe… ‘akataṃ me <a name="M0.0420"></a> manosucarita’nti tappati. Atapanīyepi eseva nayo. Kalyāṇakārī hi puggalo ‘kataṃ me kāyasucarita’nti na tappati, ‘akataṃ me kāyaduccarita’nti na tappati…pe… ‘akataṃ me manoduccarita’nti na tappatīti (a. ni. 2.3).</p>
    2345. 

  2345. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1313"></a><span class="paranum">1313</span>. <span class="bld">Adhivacanaduka</span>niddese <span class="bld">yā tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammāna</span>nti sabbadhammaggahaṇaṃ. Saṅkhāyatīti <span class="bld">saṅkhā,</span> saṃkathiyatīti attho. Kinti saṃkathiyati? Ahanti mamanti paroti parassāti sattoti bhāvoti posoti puggaloti naroti māṇavoti tissoti dattoti, ‘mañco pīṭhaṃ bhisi bimbohanaṃ’ ‘vihāro pariveṇaṃ dvāraṃ vātapāna’nti evaṃ anekehi ākārehi saṃkathiyatīti <span class="bld">‘saṅkhā’</span>. Samaññāyatīti <span class="bld">samaññā</span>. Kinti samaññāyati? ‘Ahanti…pe… vātapāna’nti samaññāyatīti <a name="V0.0413"></a> ‘samaññā’. Paññāpiyatīti <span class="bld">paññatti</span>. Vohariyatīti <span class="bld">vohāro</span>. Kinti vohariyati? ‘Aha’nti…pe… ‘vātapāna’nti vohariyatīti vohāro.</p>
    2346. 

  2346. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāma</span>nti catubbidhaṃ nāmaṃ – sāmaññanāmaṃ guṇanāmaṃ kittimanāmaṃ opapātikanāmanti. Tattha paṭhamakappikesu mahājanena sammannitvā ṭhapitattā mahāsammatoti rañño nāmaṃ ‘sāmaññanāmaṃ’ nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘mahājanasammatoti kho, vāseṭṭha, mahāsammato tveva paṭhamaṃ akkharaṃ upanibbatta’’nti (dī. ni. 3.131). Dhammakathiko <a name="P0.0391"></a> paṃsukūliko vinayadharo tepiṭako saddho pasannoti evarūpaṃ guṇato āgatanāmaṃ ‘guṇanāmaṃ’ nāma. Bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddhotiādīnipi tathāgatassa anekāni nāmasatāni guṇanāmāneva. Tena vuttaṃ –</p>
    2347. 

  2347. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Asaṅkhyeyyāni nāmāni, saguṇena mahesino;</p>
    2348. 

  2348. <p class="gathalast">Guṇena nāmamuddheyyaṃ, api nāmasahassato’’ti.</p>
    2349. 

  2349. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana jātassa kumārakassa nāmaggahaṇadivase dakkhiṇeyyānaṃ sakkāraṃ katvā samīpe ṭhitā ñātakā kappetvā pakappetvā ‘ayaṃ asukonāmā’ti nāmaṃ karonti, idaṃ ‘kittimanāma’ nāma. Yā pana purimapaññatti pacchimapaññattiyaṃ patati, purimavohāro pacchimavohāre patati, seyyathidaṃ – purimakappepi cando candoyeva nāma, etarahipi candova. Atīte sūriyo… samuddo… pathavī… pabbato pabbatoyeva, nāma, etarahipi <a name="M0.0421"></a> pabbatoyevāti idaṃ ‘opapātikanāmaṃ’ nāma. Idaṃ catubbidhampi nāmaṃ ettha nāmameva hoti.</p>
    2350. 

  2350. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāmakamma</span>nti nāmakaraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāmadheyya</span>nti nāmaṭṭhapanaṃ. <span class="bld">Niruttī</span>ti nāmanirutti. <span class="bld">Byañjana</span>nti nāmabyañjanaṃ. Yasmā panetaṃ atthaṃ byañjeti tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhilāpo</span>ti nāmābhilāpova. <span class="bld">Sabbeva dhammā adhivacanapathā</span>ti adhivacanassa nopathadhammo nāma natthi. Ekadhammo sabbadhammesu nipatati, sabbadhammā ekadhammasmiṃ nipatanti. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi nāmapaññatti ekadhammo, so sabbesu catubhūmakadhammesu nipatati. Sattopi saṅkhāropi nāmato muttako nāma natthi.</p>
    2351. 

  2351. <p class="bodytext">Aṭavīpabbatādīsu rukkhopi jānapadānaṃ bhāro. Te hi ‘ayaṃ kiṃ rukkho nāmā’ti puṭṭhā ‘khadiro’ ‘palāso’ti attanā jānanakanāmaṃ kathenti. Yassa nāmaṃ na jānanti tampi ‘anāmako’ <a name="V0.0414"></a> nāmāti vadanti. Tampi tassa nāmadheyyameva hutvā tiṭṭhati. Samudde macchakacchapādīsupi eseva nayo. Itare dve dukā iminā samānatthā eva.</p>
    2352. 

  2352. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1316"></a><span class="paranum">1316</span>. <span class="bld">Nāmarūpaduke</span> <a name="P0.0392"></a> nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena ca namanaṭṭhena ca nāmanaṭṭhena ca <span class="bld">nāmaṃ</span>. Tattha cattāro khandhā tāva <span class="bld">nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena</span> ‘nāmaṃ’. Yathā hi mahājanasammatattā mahāsammatassa mahāsammatoti nāmaṃ ahosi, yathā vā mātāpitaro ‘ayaṃ tisso nāma hotu, phusso nāma hotū’ti evaṃ puttassa kittimanāmaṃ karonti, yathā vā ‘dhammakathiko’ ‘vinayadharo’ti guṇato nāmaṃ āgacchati, na evaṃ vedanādīnaṃ. Vedanādayo hi mahāpathavīādayo viya attano nāmaṃ karontāva uppajjanti. Tesu uppannesu tesaṃ nāmaṃ uppannameva hoti. Na hi vedanaṃ uppannaṃ ‘tvaṃ vedanā nāma hohī’ti koci bhaṇati. Na ca tassā nāmaggahaṇakiccaṃ atthi. Yathā pathaviyā uppannāya ‘tvaṃ pathavī nāma hohī’ti nāmaggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, cakkavāḷasinerucandimasūriyanakkhattesu uppannesu ‘tvaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ nāma hohi tvaṃ nakkhattaṃ nāma hohī’ti nāmaggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi, nāmaṃ uppannameva hoti, opapātikapaññattiyaṃ nipatati, evaṃ vedanāya uppannāya ‘tvaṃ vedanā nāma hohī’ti nāmaggahaṇakiccaṃ natthi. Tāya <a name="M0.0422"></a> uppannāya vedanāti nāmaṃ uppannameva hoti. Opapātikapaññattiyaṃ nipatati. Saññādīsupi eseva nayo. Atītepi hi vedanā vedanāyeva, saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ viññāṇameva. Anāgatepi, paccuppannepi. Nibbānaṃ pana sadāpi nibbānamevāti. ‘Nāmakaraṇaṭṭhena’ nāmaṃ.</p>
    2353. 

  2353. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">‘Namanaṭṭhenā’pi</span> cettha cattāro khandhā nāmaṃ. Te hi ārammaṇābhimukhā namanti. <span class="bld">‘Nāmanaṭṭhena’</span> sabbampi nāmaṃ. Cattāro hi khandhā ārammaṇe aññamaññaṃ nāmenti. Nibbānaṃ ārammaṇādhipatipaccayatāya attani anavajjadhamme nāmeti.</p>
    2354. 

  2354. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1318"></a><span class="paranum">1318</span>. Avijjābhavataṇhā vaṭṭamūlasamudācāradassanatthaṃ gahitā.</p>
    2355. 

  2355. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1320"></a><span class="paranum">1320</span>. <span class="bld">Bhavissati attā ca loko cā</span>ti khandhapañcakaṃ attā ca loko cāti gahetvā ‘taṃ bhavissatī’ti gahaṇākārena niviṭṭhā <span class="bld">sassatadiṭṭhi</span>. Dutiyā <span class="bld">‘na bhavissatī’</span>ti ākārena niviṭṭhā ucchedadiṭṭhi.</p>
    2356. 

  2356. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1326"></a><span class="paranum">1326</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbantaṃ</span> <a name="P0.0393"></a><a name="V0.0415"></a> <span class="bld">ārabbhā</span>ti atītakoṭṭhāsaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karitvā. Iminā brahmajāle āgatā aṭṭhārasa pubbantānudiṭṭhiyo gahitā. <span class="bld">Aparantaṃ ārabbhā</span>ti anāgatakoṭṭhāsaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karitvā. Iminā tattheva āgatā catucattālīsa aparantānudiṭṭhiyo gahitā.</p>
    2357. 

  2357. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1332"></a><span class="paranum">1332</span>. Dovacassatāniddese <span class="bld">sahadhammike vuccamāne</span>ti sahadhammikaṃ nāma yaṃ bhagavatā paññattaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ, tasmiṃ vatthuṃ dassetvā āpattiṃ āropetvā ‘idaṃ nāma tvaṃ āpattiṃ āpanno, iṅgha desehi vuṭṭhāhi paṭikarohī’ti vuccamāne. <span class="bld">Dovacassāya</span>ntiādīsu evaṃ codiyamānassa paṭicodanāya vā appadakkhiṇagāhitāya vā dubbacassa kammaṃ dovacassāyaṃ. Tadeva dovacassantipi vuccati. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">dovacassiyaṃ</span>. Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vippaṭikūlagāhitā</span>ti vilomagāhitā. Vilomagahaṇasaṅkhātena vipaccanīkena sātaṃ assāti vipaccanīkasāto. ‘Paṭāṇikagahaṇaṃ gahetvā ekapadeneva taṃ nissaddamakāsi’nti sukhaṃ paṭilabhantassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tassa bhāvo <span class="bld">vipaccanīkasātatā</span>. Ovādaṃ anādiyanavasena anādarassa bhāvo <span class="bld">anādariyaṃ</span>. Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Anādiyanākāro vā <span class="bld">anādaratā</span>. Garuvāsaṃ avasanavasena uppanno agāravabhāvo <span class="bld">agāravatā</span>. Sajeṭṭhakavāsaṃ avasanavasena uppanno appaṭissavabhāvo <span class="bld">appaṭissavatā. Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ <a name="M0.0423"></a> evarūpā dovacassatā nāma vuccati. Atthato panesā tenākārena pavattā cattāro khandhā, saṅkhārakkhandhoyeva vāti. <span class="bld">Pāpamittatādīsu</span>pi eseva nayo. Dovacassatā pāpamittatādayo hi visuṃ cetasikadhammā nāma natthi.</p>
    2358. 

  2358. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1333"></a><span class="paranum">1333</span>. Natthi <a name="P0.0394"></a> etesaṃ saddhāti <span class="bld">assaddhā;</span> buddhādīni vatthūni na saddahantīti attho. <span class="bld">Dussīlā</span>ti sīlassa dunnāmaṃ natthi, nissīlāti attho. <span class="bld">Appassutā</span>ti sutarahitā. Pañca macchariyāni etesaṃ atthīti <span class="bld">maccharino. Duppaññā</span>ti nippaññā. Sevanakavasena <span class="bld">sevanā</span>. Balavasevanā <span class="bld">nisevanā</span>. Sabbatobhāgena sevanā <span class="bld">saṃsevanā</span>. Upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Tīhipi sevanāva kathitā. <span class="bld">Bhajanā</span>ti upasaṅkamanā. <span class="bld">Sambhajanā</span>ti sabbatobhāgena bhajanā. Upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Bhattī</span>ti daḷhabhatti. <span class="bld">Sambhattī</span>ti sabbatobhāgena bhatti. Upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. Dvīhipi daḷhabhatti eva kathitā. <span class="bld">Taṃsampavaṅkatā</span>ti tesu puggalesu kāyena ceva cittena ca sampavaṅkabhāvo; tanninnatā tappoṇatā tappabbhāratāti attho.</p>
    2359. 

  2359. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1334"></a><span class="paranum">1334</span>. Sovacassatādukaniddesopi vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo.</p>
    2360. 

  2360. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1336"></a><span class="paranum">1336</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcapi</span> <a name="V0.0416"></a> <span class="bld">āpattikkhandhā</span>ti mātikāniddesena ‘pārājikaṃ saṅghādisesaṃ pācittiyaṃ pāṭidesanīyaṃ dukkaṭa’nti imā pañca āpattiyo. <span class="bld">Sattapi āpattikkhandhā</span>ti vinayaniddesena ‘pārājikaṃ saṅghādisesaṃ thullaccayaṃ pācittiyaṃ pāṭidesanīyaṃ dukkaṭaṃ dubbhāsita’nti imā satta āpattiyo. Tattha saha vatthunā tāsaṃ āpattīnaṃ paricchedajānanakapaññā <span class="bld">āpattikusalatā</span> nāma. Saha kammavācāya āpattivuṭṭhānaparicchedajānanakapaññā pana <span class="bld">āpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā</span> nāma.</p>
    2361. 

  2361. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1338"></a><span class="paranum">1338</span>. Samāpajjitabbato samāpatti. Saha parikammena appanāparicchedajānanakapaññā pana <span class="bld">samāpattikusalatā</span> nāma. ‘Cande vā sūriye vā nakkhatte vā ettakaṃ ṭhānaṃ gate vuṭṭhahissāmī’ti avirajjhitvā tasmiṃyeva samaye vuṭṭhānakapaññāya atthitāya <span class="bld">samāpattivuṭṭhānakusalatā</span> nāma.</p>
    2362. 

  2362. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1340"></a><span class="paranum">1340</span>. Aṭṭhārasannaṃ <a name="M0.0424"></a><a name="P0.0395"></a> dhātūnaṃ uggahamanasikārasavanadhāraṇaparicchedajānanakapaññā <span class="bld">dhātukusalatā</span> nāma. Tāsaṃyeva uggahamanasikārajānanakapaññā <span class="bld">manasikārakusalatā</span> nāma.</p>
    2363. 

  2363. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1342"></a><span class="paranum">1342</span>. Dvādasannaṃ āyatanānaṃ uggahamanasikārasavanadhāraṇaparicchedajānanakapaññā latā nāma. Tīsupi vā etāsu kusalatāsu uggaho manasikāro savanaṃ sammasanaṃ paṭivedho paccavekkhaṇāti sabbaṃ vaṭṭati. Tattha savanauggahapaccavekkhaṇā lokiyā, paṭivedho lokuttaro. Sammasanamanasikārā lokiyalokuttaramissakā. ‘Avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’tiādīni (vibha. aṭṭha. 225) paṭiccasamuppādavibhaṅge āvibhavissanti. ‘Iminā pana paccayena idaṃ hotī’ti jānanakapaññā <span class="bld">paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā</span> nāma.</p>
    2364. 

  2364. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1344"></a><span class="paranum">1344</span>. Ṭhānāṭṭhānakusalatādukaniddese <span class="bld">hetū paccayā</span>ti ubhayampetaṃ aññamaññavevacanaṃ. Cakkhupasādo hi rūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjanakassa cakkhuviññāṇassa hetu ceva paccayo ca. Tathā sotapasādādayo sotaviññāṇādīnaṃ, ambabījādīni ca ambaphalādīnaṃ. Dutiyanaye <span class="bld">ye ye dhammā</span>ti visabhāgapaccayadhammānaṃ nidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Yesaṃ yesa</span>nti visabhāgapaccayasamuppannadhammanidassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Na hetū na paccayā</span>ti cakkhupasādo saddaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjanakassa sotaviññāṇassa na hetu na paccayo. Tathā sotapasādādayo avasesaviññāṇādīnaṃ. Ambādayo ca tālādīnaṃ uppattiyāti evamattho veditabbo.</p>
    2365. 

  2365. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1346"></a><span class="paranum">1346</span>. Ajjavamaddavaniddese <a name="V0.0417"></a> <span class="bld">nīcacittatā</span>ti padamattameva viseso. Tassattho – mānābhāvena nīcaṃ cittaṃ assāti nīcacitto. Nīcacittassa bhāvo nīcacittatā. Sesaṃ cittujukatācittamudutānaṃ padabhājanīye āgatameva.</p>
    2366. 

  2366. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1348"></a><span class="paranum">1348</span>. Khantiniddese khamanakavasena <span class="bld">khanti</span>. Khamanākāro <span class="bld">khamanatā</span>. Adhivāsenti etāya, attano upari āropetvā vāsenti, na paṭibāhanti, na paccanīkatāya tiṭṭhantīti <span class="bld">adhivāsanatā</span><a name="P0.0396"></a>. Acaṇḍikassa bhāvo <span class="bld">acaṇḍikkaṃ. Anasuropo</span>ti asuropo vuccati na sammāropitattā duruttavacanaṃ. Tappaṭipakkhato anasuropo suruttavācāti attho. Evamettha phalūpacārena <a name="M0.0425"></a> kāraṇaṃ niddiṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Attamanatā cittassā</span>ti somanassavasena cittassa sakamanatā, attano cittasabhāvoyeva, na byāpannacittatāti attho.</p>
    2367. 

  2367. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1349"></a><span class="paranum">1349</span>. Soraccaniddese <span class="bld">kāyiko avītikkamo</span>ti tividhaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ. <span class="bld">Vācasiko avītikkamo</span>ti catubbidhaṃ vacīsucaritaṃ. Kāyikavācasikoti iminā kāyavacīdvārasamuṭṭhitaṃ ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ pariyādiyati. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccati soracca</span>nti idaṃ pāpato suṭṭhu oratattā soraccaṃ nāma vuccati. <span class="bld">Sabbopi sīlasaṃvaro</span>ti idaṃ yasmā na kevalaṃ kāyavācāheva anācāraṃ ācarati manasāpi ācarati eva, tasmā mānasikasīlaṃ pariyādāya dassetuṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
    2368. 

  2368. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1350"></a><span class="paranum">1350</span>. Sākhalyaniddese <span class="bld">aṇḍakā</span>ti yathā sadose rukkhe aṇḍakāni uṭṭhahanti, evaṃ sadosatāya khuṃsanavambhanādivacanehi aṇḍakā jātā. <span class="bld">Kakkasā</span>ti pūtikā sā yathā nāma pūtirukkho kakkaso hoti paggharitacuṇṇo evaṃ kakkasā hoti. Sotaṃ ghaṃsayamānā viya pavisati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘kakkasā’ti. <span class="bld">Parakaṭukā</span>ti paresaṃ kaṭukā amanāpā dosajananī. <span class="bld">Parābhisajjanī</span>ti kuṭilakaṇṭakasākhā viya cammesu vijjhitvā paresaṃ abhisajjanī, gantukāmānampi gantuṃ adatvā lagganakārī. <span class="bld">Kodhasāmantā</span>ti kodhassa āsannā. <span class="bld">Asamādhisaṃvattanikā</span>ti appanāsamādhissa vā upacārasamādhissa vā asaṃvattanikā. Iti sabbānevetāni sadosavācāya vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ pahāyā</span>ti idaṃ pharusavācaṃ appajahitvā <a name="P0.0397"></a> ṭhitassa antarantare pavattāpi saṇhavācā asaṇhavācā eva nāmāti dīpanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
    2369. 

  2369. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neḷā</span>ti <a name="V0.0418"></a> eḷaṃ vuccati doso. Nāssā eḷanti neḷā; niddosāti attho. ‘‘Neḷaṅgo setapacchādo’’ti (udā. 65; saṃ. ni. 4.347; peṭako. 25) ettha vuttaneḷaṃ viya. <span class="bld">Kaṇṇasukhā</span>ti byañjanamadhuratāya kaṇṇānaṃ sukhā, sūcivijjhanaṃ viya kaṇṇasūlaṃ na janeti. Atthamadhuratāya sarīre kopaṃ ajanetvā pemaṃ janetīti <span class="bld">pemanīyā</span>. Hadayaṃ gacchati, appaṭihaññamānā sukhena cittaṃ pavisatīti <span class="bld">hadayaṅgamā</span>. Guṇaparipuṇṇatāya pure bhavāti <span class="bld">porī</span>. Pure saṃvaḍḍhanārī viya sukumārātipi porī. Purassa esātipi porī; nagaravāsīnaṃ kathāti attho. Nagaravāsino hi <a name="M0.0426"></a> yuttakathā honti. Pitimattaṃ pitāti bhātimattaṃ bhātāti vadanti. Evarūpī kathā bahuno janassa kantā hotīti <span class="bld">bahujanakantā</span>. Kantabhāveneva bahuno janassa manāpā cittavuḍḍhikarāti <span class="bld">bahujanamanāpā. Yā tatthā</span>ti yā tasmiṃ puggale. <span class="bld">Saṇhavācatā</span>ti maṭṭhavācatā. <span class="bld">Sakhilavācatā</span>ti muduvācatā. <span class="bld">Apharusavācatā</span>ti akakkhaḷavācatā.</p>
    2370. 

  2370. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1351"></a><span class="paranum">1351</span>. Paṭisanthāraniddese <span class="bld">āmisapaṭisanthāro</span>ti āmisaalābhena attanā saha paresaṃ chiddaṃ yathā pihitaṃ hoti paṭicchannaṃ evaṃ āmisena paṭisantharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammapaṭisanthāro</span>ti dhammassa appaṭilābhena attanā saha paresaṃ chiddaṃ yathā pihitaṃ hoti paṭicchannaṃ, evaṃ dhammena paṭisantharaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭisanthārako hotī</span>ti dveyeva hi lokasannivāsassa chiddāni, tesaṃ paṭisanthārako hoti. Āmisapaṭisanthārena vā dhammapaṭisanthārena vāti iminā duvidhena paṭisanthārena paṭisanthārako hoti, paṭisantharati, nirantaraṃ karoti.</p>
    2371. 

  2371. <p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya kathā – paṭisanthārakena hi bhikkhunā āgantukaṃ āgacchantaṃ disvāva paccuggantvā pattacīvaraṃ <a name="P0.0398"></a> gahetabbaṃ, āsanaṃ dātabbaṃ, tālavaṇṭena bījitabbaṃ, pādā dhovitvā makkhetabbā, sappiphāṇite sati bhesajjaṃ dātabbaṃ, pānīyena pucchitabbo, āvāso paṭijaggitabbo. Evaṃ ekadesena āmisapaṭisanthāro kato nāma hoti.</p>
    2372. 

  2372. <p class="bodytext">Sāyaṃ pana navakatarepi attano upaṭṭhānaṃ anāgateyeva, tassa santikaṃ gantvā nisīditvā avisaye apucchitvā tassa visaye pañho pucchitabbo. ‘Tumhe katarabhāṇakā’ti apucchitvā tumhākaṃ ‘ācariyupajjhāyā kataraṃ ganthaṃ vaḷañjentī’ti pucchitvā pahonakaṭṭhāne pañho pucchitabbo. Sace kathetuṃ sakkoti iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce sakkoti sayaṃ kathetvā dātabbaṃ. Evaṃ ekadesena dhammapaṭisanthāro kato nāma hoti.</p>
    2373. 

  2373. <p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="V0.0419"></a> attano santike vasati taṃ ādāya nibaddhaṃ piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ. Sace gantukāmo hoti punadivase gamanasabhāgena taṃ ādāya ekasmiṃ gāme piṇḍāya caritvā uyyojetabbo. Sace aññasmiṃ disābhāge bhikkhū nimantitā honti taṃ bhikkhuṃ icchamānaṃ ādāya gantabbaṃ. ‘Na <a name="M0.0427"></a> mayhaṃ esā disā sabhāgā’ti gantuṃ anicchante sesabhikkhū pesetvā taṃ ādāya piṇḍāya caritabbaṃ. Attanā laddhāmisaṃ tassa dātabbaṃ. Evaṃ ‘āmisapaṭisanthāro’ kato nāma hoti.</p>
    2374. 

  2374. <p class="bodytext">Āmisapaṭisanthārakena pana attanā laddhaṃ kassa dātabbanti? Āgantukassa tāva dātabbaṃ. Sace gilāno vā avassiko vā atthi, tesampi dātabbaṃ. Ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ dātabbaṃ. Bhaṇḍagāhakassa dātabbaṃ. Sārāṇīyadhammapūrakena pana satavārampi sahassavārampi āgatāgatānaṃ therāsanato paṭṭhāya dātabbaṃ. Paṭisanthārakena pana yena yena na laddhaṃ, tassa tassa dātabbaṃ. Bahigāmaṃ nikkhamitvā jiṇṇakaṃ vā anāthaṃ bhikkhuṃ vā bhikkhuniṃ vā disvā tesampi dātabbaṃ.</p>
    2375. 

  2375. <p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu – corehi kira guttasālagāme pahate taṅkhaṇaññeva ekā nirodhato vuṭṭhitā khīṇāsavattherī daharabhikkhuniyā bhaṇḍakaṃ gāhāpetvā mahājanena saddhiṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjitvā ṭhitamajjhanhike nakulanagaragāmadvāraṃ <a name="P0.0399"></a> patvā rukkhamūle nisīdi. Tasmiṃ samaye kāḷavallimaṇḍapavāsī mahānāgatthero nakulanagaragāme piṇḍāya caritvā nikkhanto theriṃ disvā bhattena āpucchi. Sā ‘patto me natthī’ti āha. Thero ‘imināva bhuñjathā’ti saha pattena adāsi. Therī bhattakiccaṃ katvā pattaṃ dhovitvā therassa datvā āha – ‘ajja tāva bhikkhācārena kilamissatha, ito paṭṭhāya pana vo bhikkhācāraparittāso nāma na bhavissati, tātā’ti. Tato paṭṭhāya therassa ūnakahāpaṇagghanako piṇḍapāto nāma na uppannapubbo. Ayaṃ ‘āmisapaṭisanthāro’ nāma.</p>
    2376. 

  2376. <p class="bodytext">Imaṃ paṭisanthāraṃ katvā bhikkhunā saṅgahapakkhe ṭhatvā tassa bhikkhuno kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetabbaṃ, dhammo vācetabbo, kukkuccaṃ vinodetabbaṃ, uppannaṃ kiccaṃ karaṇīyaṃ kātabbaṃ, abbhānavuṭṭhānamānattaparivāsā dātabbā. Pabbajjāraho pabbājetabbo upasampadāraho upasampādetabbo. Bhikkhuniyāpi attano santike upasampadaṃ ākaṅkhamānāya kammavācaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati. Ayaṃ ‘dhammapaṭisanthāro’ nāma.</p>
    2377. 

  2377. <p class="bodytext">Imehi <a name="M0.0428"></a><a name="V0.0420"></a> dvīhi paṭisanthārehi paṭisanthārako bhikkhu anuppannaṃ lābhaṃ uppādeti, uppannaṃ thāvaraṃ karoti, sabhayaṭṭhāne attano jīvitaṃ rakkhati coranāgarañño pattaggahaṇahattheneva aggaṃ gahetvā patteneva bhattaṃ ākiranto thero viya. Aladdhalābhuppādane pana ito palāyitvā paratīraṃ gatena mahānāgaraññā ekassa therassa santike saṅgahaṃ labhitvā puna āgantvā rajje patiṭṭhitena setambaṅgaṇe yāvajīvaṃ pavattitaṃ mahābhesajjadānavatthu kathetabbaṃ. Uppannalābhathāvarakaraṇe dīghabhāṇakaabhayattherassa hatthato paṭisanthāraṃ labhitvā cetiyapabbate corehi bhaṇḍakassa aviluttabhāve vatthu kathetabbaṃ.</p>
    2378. 

  2378. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1352"></a><span class="paranum">1352</span>. Indriyesu aguttadvāratāniddese <span class="bld">cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti kāraṇavasena cakkhūti laddhavohārena rūpadassanasamatthena <a name="P0.0400"></a> cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā. Porāṇā panāhu – ‘‘cakkhu rūpaṃ na passati, acittakattā; cittaṃ na passati, acakkhukattā; dvārārammaṇasaṅghaṭṭanena pana pasādavatthukena cittena passati. Īdisī panesā ‘dhanunā vijjatī’tiādīsu viya sasambhārakathā nāma hoti. Tasmā cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā’’ti ayamevettha atthoti. <span class="bld">Nimittaggāhī</span>ti itthipurisanimittaṃ vā subhanimittādikaṃ vā kilesavatthubhūtaṃ nimittaṃ chandarāgavasena gaṇhāti, diṭṭhamatteyeva na saṇṭhāti. <span class="bld">Anubyañjanaggāhī</span>ti kilesānaṃ anubyañjanato pākaṭabhāvakaraṇato anubyañjananti laddhavohāraṃ hatthapādasitahasitakathitaālokitavilokitādibhedaṃ ākāraṃ gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Yatvādhikaraṇamena</span>ntiādimhi yaṃkāraṇā yassa cakkhundriyāsaṃvarassa hetu, etaṃ puggalaṃ satikavāṭena cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ apihitacakkhudvāraṃ hutvā viharantaṃ ete abhijjhādayo dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ anubandheyyuṃ ajjhotthareyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjatī</span>ti tassa cakkhundriyassa satikavāṭena pidahanatthāya na paṭipajjati. Evaṃbhūtoyeva ca na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, na cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatīti vuccati.</p>
    2379. 

  2379. <p class="bodytext">Tattha kiñcāpi cakkhundriye saṃvaro vā asaṃvaro vā natthi, na hi cakkhupasādaṃ nissāya sati vā muṭṭhassaccaṃ vā uppajjati. Apica yadā rūpārammaṇaṃ <a name="M0.0429"></a> cakkhussa āpāthamāgacchati tadā bhavaṅge dvikkhattuṃ uppajjitvā niruddhe kiriyamanodhātu āvajjanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā uppajjitvā nirujjhati. Tato cakkhuviññāṇaṃ dassanakiccaṃ, tato vipākamanodhātu <a name="V0.0421"></a> sampaṭicchanakiccaṃ, tato vipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu santīraṇakiccaṃ, tato kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu <a name="P0.0401"></a> voṭṭhabbanakiccaṃ sādhayamānā uppajjitvā nirujjhati. Tadanantaraṃ javanaṃ javati. Tatrāpi neva bhavaṅgasamaye na āvajjanādīnaṃ aññatarasamaye saṃvaro vā asaṃvaro vā atthi. Javanakkhaṇe pana dussīlyaṃ vā muṭṭhassaccaṃ vā aññāṇaṃ vā akkhanti vā kosajjaṃ vā uppajjati, asaṃvaro hoti.</p>
    2380. 

  2380. <p class="bodytext">Evaṃ honto pana so ‘cakkhundriye asaṃvaro’ti vuccati. Kasmā? Yasmā tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi, āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā nagare catūsu dvāresu asaṃvutesu kiñcāpi antogharadvārakoṭṭhakagabbhādayo susaṃvutā, tathāpi antonagare sabbaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ arakkhitaṃ agopitameva hoti. Nagaradvārena hi pavisitvā corā yadicchakaṃ kareyyuṃ. Evameva javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi, āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittānīti.</p>
    2381. 

  2381. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotena saddaṃ sutvā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yā imesa</span>nti evaṃ saṃvaraṃ anāpajjantassa imesaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ yā agutti yā agopanā yo anārakkho yo asaṃvaro, athakanaṃ, apidahananti attho.</p>
    2382. 

  2382. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1353"></a><span class="paranum">1353</span>. Bhojane amattaññutāniddese <span class="bld">idhekacco</span>ti imasmiṃ sattaloke ekacco. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaṅkhā</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānapaññāya ajānitvā anupadhāretvā. <span class="bld">Ayoniso</span>ti anupāyena. <span class="bld">Āhāra</span>nti asitapītādiajjhoharaṇīyaṃ. <span class="bld">Āhāretī</span>ti paribhuñjati ajjhoharati. <span class="bld">Davāyā</span>tiādi anupāyadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Anupāyena hi āhārento davatthāya madatthāya maṇḍanatthāya vibhūsanatthāya vā āhāreti, no idamatthitaṃ paṭicca. Yā tattha <span class="bld">asantuṭṭhitā</span>ti yā tasmiṃ ayoniso āhāraparibhoge asantussanā <a name="P0.0402"></a> asantuṭṭhibhāvo. <span class="bld">Amattaññutā</span>ti amattaññubhāvo, pamāṇasaṅkhātāya mattāya ajānanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ apaccavekkhitaparibhogavasena pavattā bhojane amattaññutā nāma vuccati.</p>
    2383. 

  2383. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1354"></a><span class="paranum">1354</span>. Indriyesu <a name="M0.0430"></a> guttadvāratāniddese <span class="bld">cakkhunā</span>tiādi vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na nimittaggāhī hotī</span>ti chandarāgavasena vuttappakāraṃ nimittaṃ na gaṇhāti. Evaṃ sesapadānipi vuttapaṭipakkhanayeneva <a name="V0.0422"></a> veditabbāni. Yathā ca heṭṭhā ‘javane dussīlyādīsu uppannesu tasmiṃ asaṃvare sati, dvārampi aguttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi, āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittānī’ti vuttaṃ, evamidha tasmiṃ sīlādīsu uppannesu dvārampi guttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi, āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā nagaradvāresu susaṃvutesu, kiñcāpi antogharādayo asaṃvutā honti, tathāpi antonagare sabbaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ surakkhitaṃ sugopitameva hoti – nagaradvāresu pihitesu corānaṃ paveso natthi – evameva javane sīlādīsu uppannesu dvārampi guttaṃ hoti, bhavaṅgampi, āvajjanādīnipi vīthicittāni. Tasmā javanakkhaṇe uppajjamānopi ‘cakkhundriye saṃvaro’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Sotena saddaṃ sutvā</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2384. 

  2384. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1355"></a><span class="paranum">1355</span>. Bhojane mattaññutāniddese <span class="bld">paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāretī</span>ti paṭisaṅkhānapaññāya jānitvā upāyena āhāraṃ paribhuñjati. Idāni taṃ upāyaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">neva davāyā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
    2385. 

  2385. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">‘neva davāyā’</span>ti davatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha naṭalaṅghakādayo davatthāya āhārenti nāma. Yañhi bhojanaṃ bhuttassa naccagītakabyasilokasaṅkhāto davo atirekatarena paṭibhāti, taṃ bhojanaṃ adhammena visamena pariyesitvā te āhārenti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ na āhāreti.</p>
    2386. 

  2386. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P0.0403"></a> <span class="bld">madāyā</span>ti mānamadapurisamadānaṃ vaḍḍhanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha rājarājamahāmattā madatthāya āhārenti nāma. Te hi attano mānamadapurisamadānaṃ vaḍḍhanatthāya piṇḍarasabhojanādīni paṇītabhojanāni bhuñjanti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ na āhāreti.</p>
    2387. 

  2387. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na maṇḍanāyā</span>ti sarīramaṇḍanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha rūpūpajīviniyo mātugāmā antepurikādayo ca sappiphāṇitaṃ nāma pivanti, te hi siniddhaṃ muduṃ mandaṃ bhojanaṃ āhārenti ‘evaṃ no aṅgalaṭṭhi susaṇṭhitā <a name="M0.0431"></a> bhavissati, sarīre chavivaṇṇo pasanno bhavissatī’ti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ na āhāreti.</p>
    2388. 

  2388. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vibhūsanāyā</span>ti sarīre maṃsavibhūsanatthāya na āhāreti. Tattha nibbuddhamallamuṭṭhikamallādayo <a name="V0.0423"></a> susiniddhehi macchamaṃsādīhi sarīramaṃsaṃ pīṇenti ‘evaṃ no maṃsaṃ ussadaṃ bhavissati pahārasahanatthāyā’ti. Ayaṃ pana bhikkhu evaṃ sarīre maṃsavibhūsanatthāya na āhāreti.</p>
    2389. 

  2389. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yāvadevā</span>ti āhārāharaṇe payojanassa paricchedaniyamadassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā</span>ti imassa catumahābhūtikakarajakāyassa ṭhapanatthāya āhāreti. Idamassa āhārāharaṇe payojananti attho. <span class="bld">Yāpanāyā</span>ti jīvitindriyayāpanatthāya āhāreti. <span class="bld">Vihiṃsūparatiyā</span>ti vihiṃsā nāma abhuttapaccayā uppajjanakā khuddā. Tassā uparatiyā vūpasamanatthāya āhāreti. <span class="bld">Brahmacariyānuggahāyā</span>ti brahmacariyaṃ nāma tisso sikkhā, sakalaṃ sāsanaṃ, tassa anuggaṇhanatthāya āhāreti.</p>
    2390. 

  2390. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Itī</span>ti upāyanidassanaṃ; iminā upāyenāti attho. <span class="bld">Purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī</span>ti purāṇavedanā nāma abhuttappaccayā uppajjanakavedanā. Taṃ paṭihanissāmīti āhāreti. <span class="bld">Navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī</span>ti navavedanā nāma atibhuttappaccayena uppajjanakavedanā. Taṃ na uppādessāmīti āhāreti. Atha vā, ‘navavedanā’ nāma bhuttappaccayā <a name="P0.0404"></a> nauppajjanakavedanā. Tassā anuppannāya anuppajjanatthameva āhāreti. <span class="bld">Yātrā ca me bhavissatī</span>ti yāpanā ca me bhavissati. <span class="bld">Anavajjatā cā</span>ti ettha atthi sāvajjaṃ atthi anavajjaṃ. Tattha adhammikapariyesanā adhammikapaṭiggahaṇaṃ adhammena paribhogoti idaṃ ‘sāvajjaṃ’ nāma. Dhammena pariyesitvā dhammena paṭiggahetvā paccavekkhitvā paribhuñjanaṃ ‘anavajjaṃ’ nāma. Ekacco anavajjeyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti, ‘laddhaṃ me’ti katvā pamāṇātikkantaṃ bhuñjati. Taṃ jīrāpetuṃ asakkonto uddhaṃvirecanaadhovirecanādīhi kilamati. Sakalavihāre bhikkhū tassa sarīrapaṭijagganabhesajjapariyesanādīsu ussukkaṃ āpajjanti. ‘Kiṃ ida’nti vutte ‘asukassa <a name="M0.0432"></a> nāma udaraṃ uddhumāta’ntiādīni vadanti. ‘Esa niccakālampi evaṃpakatikoyeva, attano kucchipamāṇaṃ nāma na jānātī’ti nindanti garahanti. Ayaṃ anavajjeyeva sāvajjaṃ karoti nāma. Evaṃ akatvā ‘anavajjatā ca bhavissatī’ti āhāreti.</p>
    2391. 

  2391. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phāsuvihāro cā</span>ti etthāpi atthi phāsuvihāro atthi na phāsuvihāro. Tattha ‘āharahatthako alaṃsāṭako tatthavaṭṭako kākamāsako bhuttavamitako’ti imesaṃ pañcannaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ bhojanaṃ na phāsuvihāro nāma. Etesu hi <span class="bld">‘āharahatthako’</span> nāma bahuṃ bhuñjitvā attano <a name="V0.0424"></a> dhammatāya uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto ‘āhara hattha’nti vadati. <span class="bld">‘Alaṃsāṭako’</span> nāma accuddhumātakucchitāya uṭṭhitopi sāṭakaṃ nivāsetuṃ na sakkoti. <span class="bld">‘Tatthavaṭṭako’</span> nāma uṭṭhātuṃ asakkonto tattheva parivaṭṭati. <span class="bld">‘Kākamāsako’</span> nāma yathā kākehi āmasituṃ sakkā hoti, evaṃ yāva mukhadvārā āhāreti. <span class="bld">‘Bhuttavamitako’</span> nāma mukhena sandhāretuṃ asakkonto tattheva vamati. Evaṃ akatvā ‘phāsuvihāro ca me bhavissatī’ti āhāreti. Phāsuvihāro nāma catūhi pañcahi ālopehi ūnūdaratā. Ettakañhi bhuñjitvā pānīyaṃ pivato cattāro iriyāpathā sukhena pavattanti. Tasmā dhammasenāpati evamāha –</p>
    2392. 

  2392. <p class="gatha1">‘‘Cattāro <a name="P0.0405"></a> pañca ālope, abhutvā udakaṃ pive;</p>
    2393. 

  2393. <p class="gathalast">Alaṃ phāsuvihārāya, pahitattassa bhikkhuno’’ti. (theragā. 983);</p>
    2394. 

  2394. <p class="bodytext">Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne aṅgāni samodhānetabbāni. ‘Neva davāyā’tihi ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘na madāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘na maṇḍanāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘na vibhūsanāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī’ti ekaṃ, ‘yātrā ca me bhavissatī’ti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ. Anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cāti ayamettha bhojanānisaṃso. Mahāsīvatthero panāha – heṭṭhā cattāri aṅgāni paṭikkhepo nāma. Upari pana aṭṭhaṅgāni samodhānetabbānīti – tattha ‘yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā’ti ekaṃ aṅgaṃ, ‘yāpanāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘vihiṃsūparatiyāti’ ekaṃ, ‘brahmacariyānuggahāyā’ti ekaṃ, ‘iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmī’ti ekaṃ, ‘navañca <a name="M0.0433"></a> vedanaṃ na uppādessāmī’ti ekaṃ, ‘yātrā ca me bhavissatī’ti ekaṃ, ‘anavajjatā’ cāti ekaṃ. Phāsuvihāro pana bhojanānisaṃsoti. Evaṃ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ āhāraṃ āhārento bhojane mattaññū nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ vuccatī</span>ti ayaṃ pariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogesu yuttappamāṇajānanavasena pavatto paccavekkhitaparibhogo bhojane mattaññutā nāma vuccati.</p>
    2395. 

  2395. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1356"></a><span class="paranum">1356</span>. Muṭṭhassaccaniddese <span class="bld">asatī</span>ti sativirahitā cattāro khandhā. <span class="bld">Ananussati appaṭissatī</span>ti upasaggavasena padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Asaraṇatā</span>ti asaraṇākāro. <span class="bld">Adhāraṇatā</span>ti dhāretuṃ asamatthatā. Tāya hi samannāgato puggalo ādhānappatto nidhānakkhamo na hoti. Udake alābukaṭāhaṃ <a name="V0.0425"></a> viya ārammaṇe pilavatīti <span class="bld">pilāpanatā. Saṃmusanatā</span>ti naṭṭhamuṭṭhassatitā. Tāya hi samannāgato puggalo nikkhittabhatto viya kāko, nikkhittamaṃso viya ca siṅgālo hoti.</p>
    2396. 

  2396. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1361"></a><span class="paranum">1361</span>. Bhāvanābalaniddese <span class="bld">kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>nti <a name="P0.0406"></a> bodhipakkhiyadhammānaṃ <span class="bld">āsevanā</span>ti ādisevanā. <span class="bld">Bhāvanā</span>ti vaḍḍhanā. <span class="bld">Bahulīkamma</span>nti punappunaṃ karaṇaṃ.</p>
    2397. 

  2397. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1368"></a><span class="paranum">1368</span>. Sīlavipattiniddeso sīlasampadāniddesapaṭipakkhato veditabbo. Diṭṭhivipattiniddeso ca diṭṭhisampadāniddesapaṭipakkhato diṭṭhisampadāniddeso ca diṭṭhupādānaniddesapaṭipakkhato. Sīlavisuddhiniddeso kiñcāpi sīlasampadāniddesena samāno, tattha pana visuddhisampāpakaṃ pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ kathitaṃ, idha visuddhippattaṃ sīlaṃ. Sati ca sampajaññañca, paṭisaṅkhānabalañca bhāvanābalañca, samatho ca vipassanā ca, samathanimittañca paggahanimittañca, paggāho ca avikkhepo ca, sīlasampadā ca diṭṭhisampadā cāti imehi pana chahi dukehi catubhūmakāpi lokiyalokuttaradhammāva kathitā.</p>
    2398. 

  2398. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1373"></a><span class="paranum">1373</span>. Diṭṭhivisuddhiniddese <span class="bld">kammassakataññāṇa</span>nti ‘idaṃ kammaṃ sakaṃ, idaṃ no saka’nti jānanapaññā. Tattha attanā vā kataṃ hotu parena vā sabbampi akusalakammaṃ no sakaṃ. Kasmā? Atthabhañjanato anatthajananato ca. Kusalakammaṃ pana anatthabhañjanato atthajananato ca ‘sakaṃ’ nāma. Tattha yathā <a name="M0.0434"></a> nāma sadhano sabhogo puriso addhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjitvā antarāmagge gāmanigamādīsu nakkhatte saṅghuṭṭhe ‘ahaṃ āgantuko, kaṃ nu kho nissāya nakkhattaṃ kīḷeyya’nti acintetvā yathā yathā icchati tena tena nīhārena nakkhattaṃ kīḷanto sukhena kantāraṃ atikkamati, evameva imasmiṃ kammassakataññāṇe ṭhatvā ime sattā bahuṃ vaṭṭagāmikammaṃ āyūhitvā sukhena sukhaṃ anubhavantā arahattaṃ pattā gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. <span class="bld">Saccānulomikañāṇa</span>nti <a name="P0.0407"></a> catunnaṃ saccānaṃ anulomaṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Maggasamaṅgissa ñāṇaṃ phalasamaṅgissa ñāṇa</span>nti maggañāṇaphalañāṇāniyeva.</p>
    2399. 

  2399. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1374"></a><span class="paranum">1374</span>. ‘Diṭṭhivisuddhi kho panā’tipadassa niddese <span class="bld">yā paññā pajānanā</span>tiādīhi padehi heṭṭhā vuttāni kammassakataññāṇādīneva cattāri ñāṇāni vibhattāni.</p>
    2400. 

  2400. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1375"></a><span class="paranum">1375</span>. <span class="bld">‘Yathādiṭṭhissa</span> <a name="V0.0426"></a> <span class="bld">ca padhāna’</span>nti padassa niddese <span class="bld">yo cetasiko vīriyārambho</span>tiādīhi padehi niddiṭṭhaṃ vīriyaṃ paññāgatikameva; paññāya hi lokiyaṭṭhāne lokiyaṃ lokuttaraṭṭhāne lokuttaranti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2401. 

  2401. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1376"></a><span class="paranum">1376</span>. Saṃvegadukaniddese <span class="bld">jātibhaya</span>nti jātiṃ bhayato disvā ṭhitañāṇaṃ. Jarāmaraṇabhayādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
    2402. 

  2402. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1377"></a><span class="paranum">1377</span>. <span class="bld">Anuppannānaṃ pāpakāna</span>ntiādīhi jātiādīni bhayato disvā jātijarābyādhimaraṇehi muccitukāmassa upāyapadhānaṃ kathitaṃ. Padabhājanīyassa panattho <span class="bld">vibhaṅgaṭṭhakathāyaṃ</span> (vibha. aṭṭha. 367 bojjhaṅgapabbavaṇṇanā) āvi bhavissati.</p>
    2403. 

  2403. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1378"></a><span class="paranum">1378</span>. <span class="bld">‘Asantuṭṭhitā ca kusalesu dhammesū’</span>ti padaniddese <span class="bld">bhiyyokamyatā</span>ti visesakāmatā. Idhekacco hi āditova pakkhikabhattaṃ vā salākabhattaṃ vā uposathikaṃ vā pāṭipadikaṃ vā deti, so tena asantuṭṭho hutvā puna dhurabhattaṃ saṅghabhattaṃ vassāvāsikaṃ deti, āvāsaṃ kāreti, cattāropi paccaye deti. Tatrāpi asantuṭṭho hutvā saraṇāni gaṇhāti, pañca sīlāni samādiyati. Tatrāpi asantuṭṭho hutvā pabbajati. Pabbajitvā ekaṃ nikāyaṃ dve nikāyeti tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ gaṇhāti, aṭṭha samāpattiyo bhāveti, vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ gaṇhāti<a name="M0.0435"></a>. Arahattappattito paṭṭhāya mahāsantuṭṭho nāma hoti. Evaṃ yāva arahattā visesakāmatā ‘bhiyyokamyatā’ nāma.</p>
    2404. 

  2404. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1379"></a><span class="paranum">1379</span>. <span class="bld">‘Appaṭivānitā ca padhānasmi’</span>nti padassa niddese yasmā pantasenāsanesu adhikusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanāya ukkaṇṭhamāno padhānaṃ paṭivāseti nāma<a name="P0.0408"></a>, anukkaṇṭhamāno no paṭivāseti nāma, tasmā taṃ nayaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yā kusalānaṃ dhammāna</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sakkaccakiriyatā</span>ti kusalānaṃ karaṇe sakkaccakāritā. <span class="bld">Sātaccakiriyatā</span>ti satatameva karaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhitakiriyatā</span>ti khaṇḍaṃ akatvā aṭṭhapetvā karaṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Anolīnavuttitā</span>ti alīnajīvitā, alīnapavattitā vā. <span class="bld">Anikkhittachandatā</span>ti kusalacchandassa anikkhipanaṃ. <span class="bld">Anikkhittadhuratā</span>ti kusalakaraṇe vīriyadhurassa anikkhipanaṃ.</p>
    2405. 

  2405. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1380"></a><span class="paranum">1380</span>. <span class="bld">‘Pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ</span> <a name="V0.0427"></a> <span class="bld">vijjā’</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">pubbenivāso</span>ti pubbe nivutthakkhandhā ca khandhapaṭibaddhañca. Pubbenivāsassa anussati pubbenivāsānussati. Tāya sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ <span class="bld">pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ</span>. Tayidaṃ pubbe nivutthakkhandhapaṭicchādakaṃ tamaṃ vijjhatīti <span class="bld">vijjā</span>. Taṃ tamaṃ vijjhitvā te khandhe vidite pākaṭe karotīti viditakaraṇaṭṭhenāpi <span class="bld">vijjā</span>.</p>
    2406. 

  2406. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cutūpapāte ñāṇa</span>nti cutiyañca upapāte ca ñāṇaṃ. Idampi sattānaṃ cutipaṭisandhicchādakaṃ tamaṃ vijjhatīti vijjā. Taṃ tamaṃ vijjhitvā sattānaṃ cutipaṭisandhiyo viditā pākaṭā karotīti viditakaraṇaṭṭhenāpi vijjā. <span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khaye ñāṇa</span>nti sabbakilesānaṃ khayasamaye ñāṇaṃ. Tayidaṃ catusaccacchādakatamaṃ vijjhatīti <span class="bld">vijjā</span>. Taṃ tamaṃ vijjhitvā cattāri saccāni viditāni pākaṭāni karotīti viditakaraṇaṭṭhenāpi <span class="bld">vijjā</span>.</p>
    2407. 

  2407. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1381"></a><span class="paranum">1381</span>. <span class="bld">‘Cittassa</span> <a name="P0.0409"></a> <span class="bld">ca adhimutti nibbānañcā’</span>ti ettha ārammaṇe adhimuccanaṭṭhena, paccanīkadhammehi ca suṭṭhumuttaṭṭhena aṭṭha samāpattiyo <span class="bld">cittassa adhimutti</span> nāma. Itaraṃ pana ‘natthi ettha taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ vānaṃ’, ‘niggataṃ vā tasmā vānā’ti <span class="bld">nibbānaṃ</span>. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo sayaṃ vikkhambhitakilesehi vimuttattā vimuttīti vuttā, nibbānaṃ pana sabbakilesehi accantaṃ vimuttattā vimuttīti.</p>
    2408. 

  2408. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1382"></a><span class="paranum">1382</span>. <span class="bld">Maggasamaṅgissa</span> <a name="M0.0436"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti cattāri maggañāṇāni. <span class="bld">Phalasamaṅgissa ñāṇa</span>nti cattāri phalañāṇāni. Tattha paṭhamamaggañāṇaṃ pañca kilese khepentaṃ nirodhentaṃ vūpasamentaṃ paṭippassambhentaṃ uppajjatīti khaye ñāṇaṃ nāma jātaṃ. Dutiyamaggañāṇaṃ cattāro kilese. Tathā tatiyamaggañāṇaṃ. Catutthamaggañāṇaṃ pana aṭṭha kilese khepentaṃ nirodhentaṃ vūpasamentaṃ paṭippassambhentaṃ uppajjatīti ‘khaye ñāṇaṃ’ nāma jātaṃ. Taṃ taṃ maggaphalañāṇaṃ pana tesaṃ tesaṃ kilesānaṃ khīṇante niruddhante vūpasamante paṭippassambhante anuppādante appavattante uppannanti anuppāde ñāṇaṃ nāma jātanti.</p>
    2409. 

  2409. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasāliniyā dhammasaṅgahaaṭṭhakathāya</p>
    2410. 

  2410. <p class="centered">Nikkhepakaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    2411. 

  2411. <p class="chapter">4. Aṭṭhakathākaṇḍo</p>
    2412. 

  2412. <p class="title">Tikaatthuddhāravaṇṇanā</p>
    2413. 

  2413. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1384"></a><span class="paranum">1384</span>. Idāni <a name="M0.0437"></a><a name="V0.0428"></a> nikkhepakaṇḍānantaraṃ ṭhapitassa aṭṭhakathākaṇḍassa vaṇṇanākkamo anuppatto. Kasmā panetaṃ aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ nāma jātanti? Tepiṭakassa buddhavacanassa atthaṃ uddharitvā ṭhapitattā. Tīsupi hi piṭakesu dhammantaraṃ āgataṃ aṭṭhakathākaṇḍeneva paricchinditvā vinicchitaṃ suvinicchitaṃ nāma hoti. Sakale abhidhammapiṭake nayamaggaṃ mahāpakaraṇe pañhuddhāraṃ gaṇanacāraṃ asallakkhentenāpi aṭṭhakathākaṇḍatoyeva samānetuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
    2414. 

  2414. <p class="bodytext">Kuto <a name="P0.0410"></a> pabhavaṃ pana etanti? Sāriputtattherappabhavaṃ. Sāriputtatthero hi ekassa attano saddhivihārikassa nikkhepakaṇḍe atthuddhāraṃ sallakkhetuṃ asakkontassa aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ kathetvā adāsi. Idaṃ pana mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ paṭikkhipitvā idaṃ vuttaṃ – abhidhammo nāma na sāvakavisayo, na sāvakagocaro; buddhavisayo esa, buddhagocaro. Dhammasenāpati pana saddhivihārikena pucchito taṃ ādāya satthu santikaṃ gantvā sammāsambuddhassa kathesi. Sammāsambuddho tassa bhikkhuno aṭṭhakathākaṇḍaṃ kathetvā adāsi. Kathaṃ? Bhagavā hi ‘katame dhammā kusalā’ti pucchi. ‘Kusalā dhammā nāma katame’ti sallakkhesīti attho. Athassa tuṇhībhūtassa ‘nanu yaṃ mayā katame dhammā kusalā? Yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hotītiādinā nayena bhūmibhedato kusalaṃ dassitaṃ, sabbampi taṃ catūsu bhūmīsu kusalaṃ, ime dhammā kusalā’ti iminā nayena kaṇṇikaṃ kaṇṇikaṃ ghaṭaṃ ghaṭaṃ gocchakaṃ gocchakaṃ katvā atthuddhāravasena kusalādidhamme dassento kathetvā adāsi.</p>
    2415. 

  2415. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0429"></a> <span class="bld">catūsū</span>ti kāmāvacararūpāvacarārūpāvacaraapariyāpannāsu. <span class="bld">Kusala</span>nti phassādibhedaṃ kusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Ime dhammā kusalā</span>ti ime sabbepi tāsu tāsu bhūmīsu vuttā phassādayo dhammā kusalā nāma.</p>
    2416. 

  2416. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1385"></a><span class="paranum">1385</span>. Akusalānaṃ pana bhūmivasena bhedābhāvato <span class="bld">dvādasa akusalacittuppādā</span>ti āha. Tattha uppajjatīti uppādo. Cittameva uppādo <a name="M0.0438"></a> <span class="bld">cittuppādo</span>. Desanāsīsameva cetaṃ. Yathā pana ‘rājā āgato’ti vutte amaccādīnampi āgamanaṃ vuttameva hoti, evaṃ ‘cittuppādā’ti vutte tehi sampayuttadhammāpi vuttāva hontīti. Sabbattha cittuppādaggahaṇena sasampayuttadhammaṃ cittaṃ gahitanti veditabbaṃ. Ito paraṃ <span class="bld">catūsu bhūmīsu vipāko</span>tiādīnaṃ sabbesampi tikadukabhājanīyapadānaṃ attho, vedanāttikādīsu ca sukhādīnaṃ navattabbatā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva pāḷiyatthaṃ <a name="P0.0411"></a> vīmaṃsitvā veditabbā. Visesamattameva pana vakkhāma.</p>
    2417. 

  2417. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1420"></a><span class="paranum">1420</span>. Tattha parittārammaṇattike tāva <span class="bld">sabbo kāmāvacarassa vipāko</span>ti ettha dvipañcaviññāṇāni cakkhupasādādayo nissāya niyameneva iṭṭhāniṭṭhādibhede rūpasaddagandharasaphoṭṭhabbadhamme ārabbha pavattantīti parittārammaṇāni. Kusalākusalavipākā pana dve manodhātuyo hadayavatthuṃ nissāya cakkhuviññāṇādīnaṃ anantarā niyamato rūpādīneva ārabbha pavattantīti parittārammaṇā. Kusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu somanassasahagatā pañcadvāre santīraṇavasena chasu dvāresu tadārammaṇavasenāti niyamato rūpādīni cha parittārammaṇāneva ārabbha pavattatīti parittārammaṇā. Kusalākusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātudvayaṃ pañcadvāre santīraṇavasena chasu dvāresu tadārammaṇavasena niyamato rūpādīni cha parittārammaṇāneva ārabbha pavattati. Paṭisandhivasena pavattamānampi parittaṃ kammaṃ kammanimittaṃ gatinimittaṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ karoti, pavattiyaṃ bhavaṅgavasena, pariyosāne cutivasena pavattamānampi tadeva ārammaṇaṃ karotīti parittārammaṇaṃ. Aṭṭha pana sahetukavipākacittuppādā ettha vuttanayeneva tadārammaṇavasena paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasena ca parittadhammeyeva ārabbha pavattanti. Kiriyamanodhātu pañcadvāre rūpādīni ārabbha pavattati. Somanassasahagatāhetukakiriyamanoviññāṇadhātu chasu dvāresu paccuppanne manodvāre atītānāgatepi paritte rūpādidhammeyeva ārabbha khīṇāsavānaṃ pahaṭṭhākāraṃ kurumānā pavattatīti parittārammaṇā. Evamime pañcavīsati cittuppādā ekanteneva <span class="bld">parittārammaṇā</span>ti veditabbā.</p>
    2418. 

  2418. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1421"></a><span class="paranum">1421</span>. Viññāṇañcāyatananevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhammā <a name="V0.0430"></a> attano attano heṭṭhimaṃ samāpattiṃ ārabbha pavattanato <a name="P0.0412"></a> <span class="bld">mahaggatārammaṇā</span>. Eva maggaphaladhammā nibbānārammaṇattā <span class="bld">appamāṇārammaṇā</span>.</p>
    2419. 

  2419. <p class="bodytext">Kusalato <a name="M0.0439"></a> cattāro kiriyato cattāroti aṭṭha ñāṇavippayuttacittuppādā sekkhaputhujjanakhīṇāsavānaṃ asakkaccadānapaccavekkhaṇadhammasavanādīsu kāmāvacaradhamme ārabbha pavattikāle parittārammaṇā. Atipaguṇānaṃ paṭhamajjhānādīnaṃ paccavekkhaṇakāle mahaggatārammaṇā. Kasiṇanimittādipaññattipaccavekkhaṇakāle navattabbārammaṇā. Akusalato cattāro diṭṭhigatasampayuttacittuppādā pañcapaṇṇāsāya kāmāvacaradhammānaṃ ‘satto satto’ti parāmasanaassādanābhinandanakāle parittārammaṇā. Tenevākārena sattavīsati mahaggatadhamme ārabbha pavattikāle mahaggatārammaṇā. Paṇṇattidhamme ārabbha pavattanakāle siyā navattabbārammaṇā. Diṭṭhivippayuttānaṃ teyeva dhamme ārabbha kevalaṃ assādanābhinandanavasena, pavattiyaṃ paṭighasampayuttānaṃ domanassavasena, vicikicchāsampayuttacittuppādassa aniṭṭhaṅgatavasena, uddhaccasahagatassa vikkhepavasena avūpasamavasena ca pavattiyaṃ parittamahaggatanavattabbārammaṇatā veditabbā. Etesu pana ekadhammopi appamāṇe ārabbha pavattituṃ na sakkoti, tasmā na appamāṇārammaṇā.</p>
    2420. 

  2420. <p class="bodytext">Kusalato cattāro kiriyato cattāroti aṭṭha ñāṇasampayuttacittuppādā sekkhaputhujjanakhīṇāsavānaṃ sakkaccadānapaccavekkhaṇadhammasavanādīsu yathāvuttappakāre dhamme ārabbha pavattikāle parittamahaggatanavattabbārammaṇā honti. Gotrabhukāle lokuttaradhamme paccavekkhaṇakāle ca nesaṃ <span class="bld">appamāṇārammaṇatā</span> veditabbā.</p>
    2421. 

  2421. <p class="bodytext">Yaṃ panetaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ taṃ sabbatthapādakacatutthaṃ ākāsakasiṇacatutthaṃ ālokakasiṇacatutthaṃ brahmavihāracatutthaṃ ānāpānacatutthaṃ <a name="P0.0413"></a> iddhividhacatutthaṃ dibbasotacatutthaṃ cetopariyañāṇacatutthaṃ yathākammupagañāṇacatutthaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇacatutthaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇacatutthaṃ anāgataṃsañāṇacatutthanti kusalatopi kiriyatopi dvādasavidhaṃ hoti.</p>
    2422. 

  2422. <p class="bodytext">Tattha ‘sabbatthapādakacatutthaṃ’ nāma aṭṭhasu kasiṇesu catutthajjhānaṃ. Tañhi vipassanāyapi pādakaṃ <a name="V0.0431"></a> hoti, abhiññānampi, nirodhassāpi, vaṭṭassāpi pādakaṃ hotiyevāti sabbatthapādakanti vuttaṃ. ‘Ākāsakasiṇaālokakasiṇacatutthāni’ pana vipassanāyapi abhiññānampi vaṭṭassāpi pādakāni <a name="M0.0440"></a> honti, nirodhapādakāneva na honti. ‘Brahmavihāraānāpānacatutthāni’ vipassanāya ceva vaṭṭassa ca pādakāni honti, abhiññānaṃ pana nirodhassa ca pādakāni na honti. Tattha dasavidhampi kasiṇajjhānaṃ kasiṇapaṇṇattiṃ ārabbha pavattattā, brahmavihāracatutthaṃ sattapaṇṇattiṃ ārabbha pavattattā, ānāpānacatutthaṃ nimittaṃ ārabbha pavattattā parittādivasena navattabbadhammārammaṇato <span class="bld">navattabbārammaṇaṃ</span> nāma hoti.</p>
    2423. 

  2423. <p class="bodytext">‘Iddhividhacatutthaṃ’ parittamahaggatārammaṇaṃ hoti. Kathaṃ? Tañhi yadā kāyaṃ cittasannissitaṃ katvā adissamānena kāyena gantukāmo cittavasena kāyaṃ pariṇāmeti, mahaggatacitte samodahati, samāropeti, tadā upayogaladdhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hotīti katvā rūpakāyārammaṇato parittārammaṇaṃ hoti. Yadā cittaṃ kāyasannissitaṃ katvā dissamānena kāyena gantukāmo kāyavasena cittaṃ pariṇāmeti, pādakajjhānacittaṃ rūpakāye samodahati, samāropeti, tadā upayogaladdhaṃ ārammaṇaṃ hotīti katvā mahaggatacittārammaṇato mahaggatārammaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2424. 

  2424. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbasotacatutthaṃ’ saddaṃ ārabbha pavattattā ekantaparittārammaṇameva. ‘Cetopariyañāṇacatutthaṃ’ parittamahaggataappamāṇārammaṇaṃ hoti. Kathaṃ? Tañhi <a name="P0.0414"></a> paresaṃ kāmāvacaracittajānanakāle parittārammaṇaṃ hoti, rūpāvacarārūpāvacaracittajānanakāle mahaggatārammaṇaṃ, maggaphalajānanakāle appamāṇārammaṇaṃ hoti. Ettha ca puthujjano sotāpannassa cittaṃ na jānāti, sotāpanno vā sakadāgāmissāti evaṃ yāva arahato netabbaṃ. Arahā pana sabbesaṃ cittaṃ jānāti. Aññopi ca uparimo heṭṭhimassāti ayaṃ viseso veditabbo. ‘Yathākammupagañāṇacatutthaṃ’ kāmāvacarakammajānanakāle parittārammaṇaṃ hoti, rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakammajānanakāle mahaggatārammaṇaṃ.</p>
    2425. 

  2425. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbacakkhuñāṇacatutthaṃ’ rūpārammaṇattā ekantaparittārammaṇameva. ‘Pubbenivāsañāṇacatutthaṃ’ parittamahaggataappamāṇanavattabbārammaṇaṃ hoti. Kathaṃ? Tañhi kāmāvacarakkhandhānussaraṇakāle parittārammaṇaṃ hoti. Rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakkhandhānussaraṇakāle mahaggatārammaṇaṃ. Atīte attanā vā parehi vā bhāvitamaggaṃ sacchikataphalañca anussaraṇakāle appamāṇārammaṇaṃ. Atīte buddhā maggaṃ <a name="V0.0432"></a> bhāvayiṃsu, phalaṃ sacchākaṃsu, nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyiṃsūti <a name="M0.0441"></a> chinnavaṭumakānussaraṇavasena maggaphalanibbānapaccavekkhaṇatopi appamāṇārammaṇaṃ. Atīte ‘vipassī nāma bhagavā’ ahosi<a name="P0.0415"></a>. Tassa ‘bandhumatī nāma nagaraṃ ahosi, bandhumā nāma rājā pitā, bandhumatī nāma mātā’tiādinā nayena nāmagottapathavīnimittādianussaraṇakāle navattabbārammaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2426. 

  2426. <p class="bodytext">‘Anāgataṃsañāṇacatutthe’pi eseva nayo. Tampi ayaṃ anāgate ‘kāmāvacare nibbattissatī’ti jānanakāle parittārammaṇaṃ hoti. ‘Rūpāvacare vā arūpāvacare vā nibbattissatī’ti jānanakāle mahaggatārammaṇaṃ. ‘Maggaṃ bhāvessati phalaṃ sacchikarissati’ ‘nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyissatī’ti jānanakāle appamāṇārammaṇaṃ. Anāgate ‘‘metteyyo nāma bhagavā uppajjissati, subrahmā nāmassa brāhmaṇo pitā bhavissati, brahmavatī nāma brāhmaṇī mātā bhavissatī’’tiādinā nayena nāmagottajānanakāle navattabbārammaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2427. 

  2427. <p class="bodytext">Arūpāvacaracatutthaṃ pana āsavānaṃ khayacatutthañca pāḷiyaṃ āgataṭṭhāneyeva kathessāmi. Kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu upekkhāsahagatā sabbesampi etesaṃ kusalākusalakiriyacittānaṃ purecārikā. Tassā tesu vuttanayeneva ārammaṇabhedo veditabbo. Pañcadvāre pana voṭṭhabbanavasena pavattiyaṃ ekantaparittārammaṇāva hoti. Rūpāvacaratikacatukkajjhānādīni parittādibhāvena navattabbadhammaṃ ārabbha pavattito navattabbārammaṇāni. Ettha hi rūpāvacarāni pathavīkasiṇādīsu pavattanti, ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ ugghāṭimākāse, ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ viññāṇāpagameti.</p>
    2428. 

  2428. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1429"></a><span class="paranum">1429</span>. Maggārammaṇattike ādimhi vuttā aṭṭha ñāṇasampayuttacittuppādā sekkhāsekkhānaṃ attanā paṭividdhamaggānaṃ paccavekkhaṇakāle maggārammaṇā, maggena pana asahajātattā na maggahetukā, attanā paṭividdhamaggaṃ garuṃ katvā paccavekkhaṇakāle ārammaṇādhipativasena maggādhipatino, aññadhammārammaṇakāle na vattabbā maggārammaṇātipi maggādhipatinotipi. Cattāro ariyamaggā maggasaṅkhātassa maggasampayuttassa vā hetuno atthitāya ekantato maggahetukāva. Vīriyaṃ pana vīmaṃsaṃ vā <a name="P0.0416"></a> jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā maggabhāvanākāle <a name="M0.0442"></a> sahajātādhipatinā siyā maggādhipatino, chandacittānaṃ aññatarajeṭṭhakakāle siyā na vattabbā maggādhipatinoti.</p>
    2429. 

  2429. <p class="bodytext">Dvādasavidhe <a name="V0.0433"></a> rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāne sabbatthapādakacatutthādīni nava jhānāni neva maggārammaṇāni na maggahetukāni na maggādhipatīni. Cetopariyañāṇapubbenivāsañāṇaanāgataṃsañāṇacatutthāni pana ariyānaṃ maggacittajānanakāle maggārammaṇāni honti, maggena pana asahajātattā na maggahetukāni, maggaṃ garuṃ katvā appavattito na maggādhipatīni. Kasmā panetāni na maggaṃ garuṃ karontīti? Attano mahaggatatāya. Yathā hi rājānaṃ sabbo loko garuṃ karoti, mātāpitaro pana na karonti. Na hi te rājānaṃ disvā āsanā vuṭṭhahanti, na añjalikammādīni karonti, daharakāle voharitanayeneva voharanti. Evametānipi attano mahaggatatāya na maggaṃ garuṃ karonti.</p>
    2430. 

  2430. <p class="bodytext">Kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātupi ariyānaṃ maggapaccavekkhaṇakāle paccavekkhaṇapurecārikattā maggārammaṇā hoti, maggena asahajātattā pana na maggahetukā, maggaṃ garuṃ katvā appavattito na maggādhipati. Kasmā garuṃ na karotīti? Attano ahetukatāya hīnatāya jaḷatāya. Yathā hi rājānaṃ sabbo loko garuṃ karoti, attano parijanā pana khujjavāmanakaceṭakādayo attano aññāṇatāya paṇḍitamanussā viya nātigaruṃ karonti, evameva idampi cittaṃ attano ahetukatāya hīnatāya jaḷatāya maggaṃ garuṃ na karoti.</p>
    2431. 

  2431. <p class="bodytext">Ñāṇavippayuttakusalādīni ñāṇābhāvena ceva lokiyadhammārammaṇatāya ca maggārammaṇādibhāvaṃ na labhanti, navattabbārammaṇāneva hontīti veditabbānīti.</p>
    2432. 

  2432. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1432"></a><span class="paranum">1432</span>. Atītārammaṇattike <a name="P0.0417"></a> viññāṇañcāyatananevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhammā heṭṭhā atītasamāpattiṃ ārabbha pavattitā ekantena <span class="bld">atītārammaṇāva.</span></p>
    2433. 

  2433. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1433"></a><span class="paranum">1433</span>. <span class="bld">Niyogā anāgatārammaṇā natthī</span>ti niyamena pāṭiyekkaṃ cittaṃ anāgatārammaṇaṃ nāma natthi. Nanu ca anāgataṃsañāṇaṃ ekantena anāgatārammaṇaṃ, cetopariyañāṇampi anāgataṃ ārabbha pavattatīti? No <a name="M0.0443"></a> na pavattati. Pāṭiyekkaṃ pana etaṃ ekaṃ cittaṃ nāma natthi. Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānena saṅgahitattā aññehi mahaggatacittehi missakaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘niyogā anāgatārammaṇā natthī’ti.</p>
    2434. 

  2434. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1434"></a><span class="paranum">1434</span>. Dvipañcaviññāṇāni<a name="V0.0434"></a>, tisso manodhātuyo ca paccuppannesu rūpādīsu pavattito <span class="bld">paccuppannārammaṇā</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Dasa cittuppādā</span>ti ettha aṭṭha tāva sahetukā devamanussānaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇakāle kammaṃ vā kammanimittaṃ vā ārabbha pavattiyaṃ atītārammaṇā. Bhavaṅgacutikālesupi eseva nayo. Gatinimittaṃ pana ārabbha paṭisandhiggahaṇakāle tato paraṃ bhavaṅgakāle ca paccuppannārammaṇā. Tathā pañcadvāre tadārammaṇavasena pavattiyaṃ. Manodvāre pana atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇānaṃ javanānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ gahetvā pavattito atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇā. ‘Kusalavipākāhetukaupekkhāsahagatamanoviññāṇadhātuya’mpi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi sā manussesu jaccandhādīnaṃ paṭisandhi hoti. Pañcadvāre ca santīraṇavasenāpi paccuppannārammaṇā hotīti ayamettha viseso. ‘Somanassasahagatā’ pana pañcadvāre santīraṇavasena tadārammaṇavasena ca paccuppannārammaṇā hoti. Manodvāre tadārammaṇavasena sahetukavipākā viya atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇāti veditabbā.</p>
    2435. 

  2435. <p class="bodytext">‘Akusalavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu’ pana kusalavipākāya upekkhāsahagatāhetukāya samānagatikā eva. Kevalañhi <a name="P0.0418"></a> sā āpāyikānaṃ paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasena pavattatīti ayamettha viseso. ‘Kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu’ somanassasahagatā khīṇāsavānaṃ pañcadvāre pahaṭṭhākāraṃ kurumānā paccuppannārammaṇā hoti. Manodvāre atītādibhede dhamme ārabbha hasituppādavasena pavattiyaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇā hoti.</p>
    2436. 

  2436. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāmāvacarakusala</span>ntiādīsu kusalato tāva cattāro ñāṇasampayuttacittuppādā. Sekkhaputhujjanānaṃ atītādibhedāni khandhadhātuāyatanāni sammasantānaṃ paccavekkhantānaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇā honti. Paṇṇattinibbānapaccavekkhaṇe navattabbārammaṇā. Ñāṇavippayuttesupi eseva nayo<a name="M0.0444"></a>. Kevalañhi tehi maggaphalanibbānapaccavekkhaṇā natthi. Ayamevettha viseso.</p>
    2437. 

  2437. <p class="bodytext">Akusalato cattāro diṭṭhisampayuttacittuppādā atītādibhedānaṃ khandhadhātuāyatanānaṃ assādanābhinandanaparāmāsakāle atītādiārammaṇā honti. Paṇṇattiṃ ārabbha assādentassa abhinandantassa ‘satto satto’ti parāmasitvā gaṇhantassa navattabbārammaṇā honti. Diṭṭhivippayuttesupi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi tehi parāmāsaggahaṇaṃ natthi. Dve paṭighasampayuttacittuppādā <a name="V0.0435"></a> atītādibhede dhamme ārabbha domanassitānaṃ atītādiārammaṇā, paṇṇattiṃ ārabbha domanassitānaṃ navattabbārammaṇā. Vicikicchuddhaccasampayuttā tesu eva dhammesu aniṭṭhaṅgatabhāvena ceva uddhatabhāvena ca pavattiyaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannanavattabbārammaṇā. Kiriyato aṭṭha sahetukacittuppādā kusalacittuppādagatikā eva. Kiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu upekkhāsahagatā pañcadvāre voṭṭhabbanavasena pavattiyaṃ paccuppannārammaṇāva<a name="P0.0419"></a>. Manodvāre atītānāgatapaccuppannārammaṇānañceva paṇṇattinibbānārammaṇānañca javanānaṃ purecārikakāle atītānāgatapaccuppannanavattabbārammaṇā.</p>
    2438. 

  2438. <p class="bodytext">Yathāvuttappabhede rūpāvacarajjhāne sabbatthapādakacatutthaṃ ākāsakasiṇacatutthaṃ ālokakasiṇacatutthaṃ brahmavihāracatutthaṃ ānāpānacatutthanti imāni pañca navattabbārammaṇāneva. ‘Iddhividhacatutthaṃ’ kāyavasena cittaṃ pariṇāmentassa atītapādakajjhānacittaṃ ārabbha pavattanato atītārammaṇaṃ. Mahādhātunidhāne mahākassapattherādīnaṃ viya anāgataṃ adhiṭṭhahantānaṃ anāgatārammaṇaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Mahākassapatthero</span> kira mahādhātunidhānaṃ karonto anāgate aṭṭhārasavassādhikāni dve vassasatāni ime gandhā mā sussiṃsu, pupphāni mā milāyiṃsu, dīpā mā nibbāyiṃsūti adhiṭṭhahi. Sabbaṃ tatheva ahosi. <span class="bld">Assaguttatthero</span> vattaniyasenāsane bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sukkhabhattaṃ bhuñjamānaṃ disvā ‘udakasoṇḍi divase divase, purebhattaṃ dadhirasā hotū’ti adhiṭṭhahi. Purebhattaṃ gahitaṃ dadhirasaṃ hoti pacchābhatte pākatikameva. Kāyaṃ pana cittasannissitaṃ katvā adissamānena kāyena gamanakāle, aññassa vā pāṭihāriyassa <a name="M0.0445"></a> karaṇakāle, kāyaṃ ārabbha pavattattā paccuppannārammaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2439. 

  2439. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbasotacatutthaṃ’ vijjamānasaddameva ārabbha pavattito paccuppannārammaṇaṃ hoti. Cetopariyañāṇacatutthaṃ atīte sattadivasabbhantare anāgate sattadivasabbhantare paresaṃ cittaṃ jānantassa atītārammaṇaṃ anāgatārammaṇañca hoti. Sattadivasātikkame pana taṃ jānituṃ na sakkoti. Atītānāgataṃsañāṇānañhi esa visayo. Na etassa paccuppannajānanakāle pana paccuppannārammaṇaṃ hoti.</p>
    2440. 

  2440. <p class="bodytext">Paccuppannañca <a name="P0.0420"></a> nāmetaṃ tividhaṃ – khaṇapaccuppannaṃ santatipaccuppannaṃ addhāpaccuppannañca. Tattha uppādaṭṭhitibhaṅgappattaṃ <span class="bld">‘khaṇapaccuppannaṃ’</span>. Ekadvisantativārapariyāpannaṃ <span class="bld">‘santatipaccuppannaṃ’</span>. Tattha andhakāre <a name="V0.0436"></a> nisīditvā ālokaṭṭhānaṃ gatassa na tāva ārammaṇaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti; yāva pana taṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, etthantare ekadvisantativārā veditabbā. Ālokaṭṭhāne vicaritvā ovarakaṃ paviṭṭhassāpi na tāva sahasā rūpaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti; yāva taṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, etthantare ekadvisantativārā veditabbā. Dūre ṭhatvā pana rajakānaṃ hatthavikāraṃ ghaṇḍibherīādiākoṭanavikārañca disvāpi na tāva saddaṃ suṇāti; yāva pana taṃ suṇāti, etasmimpi antare ekadvisantativārā veditabbā. Evaṃ tāva majjhimabhāṇakā. Saṃyuttabhāṇakā pana ‘rūpasantati arūpasantatī’ti dve santatiyo vatvā, ‘udakaṃ akkamitvā gatassa yāva tīre akkantaudakalekhā na vippasīdati, addhānato āgatassa yāva kāye usumabhāvo na vūpasammati, ātapā āgantvā gabbhaṃ paviṭṭhassa yāva andhakārabhāvo na vigacchati, antogabbhe kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaritvā divā vātapānaṃ vivaritvā olokentassa yāva akkhīnaṃ phandanabhāvo na vūpasammati, ayaṃ rūpasantati nāma; dve tayo javanavārā arūpasantati nāmā’ti vatvā ‘tadubhayampi santatipaccuppannaṃ nāmā’ti vadanti.</p>
    2441. 

  2441. <p class="bodytext">Ekabhavaparicchinnaṃ pana <span class="bld">addhāpaccuppannaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">bhaddekarattasutte</span> ‘‘yo cāvuso, mano ye ca dhammā ubhayametaṃ paccuppannaṃ. Tasmiṃ ce paccuppanne chandarāgapaṭibaddhaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ, chandarāgapaṭibaddhattā viññāṇassa tadabhinandati, tadabhinandanto paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīratī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.284) vuttaṃ. Santatipaccuppannañcettha <a name="P0.0421"></a> aṭṭhakathāsu āgataṃ. Addhāpaccuppannaṃ sutte.</p>
    2442. 

  2442. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M0.0446"></a> keci ‘khaṇapaccuppannaṃ cittaṃ cetopariyañāṇassa ārammaṇaṃ hotī’ti vadanti. Kiṃkāraṇā? Yasmā iddhimassa ca parassa ca ekakkhaṇe cittaṃ uppajjatīti. Idañca nesaṃ opammaṃ – yathā ākāse khitte pupphamuṭṭhimhi avassaṃ ekaṃ pupphaṃ ekassa vaṇṭaṃ paṭivijjhati vaṇṭena vaṇṭaṃ paṭivijjhati, evaṃ parassa cittaṃ jānissāmīti rāsivasena mahājanassa citte āvajjite avassaṃ ekassa cittaṃ ekena cittena uppādakkhaṇe vā ṭhitikkhaṇe vā bhaṅgakkhaṇe vā paṭivijjhatīti. Taṃ pana vassasatampi vassasahassampi āvajjanto yena cittena āvajjeti, yena ca jānāti tesaṃ dvinnaṃ sahaṭṭhānābhāvato āvajjanajavanānañca aniṭṭhe ṭhāne nānārammaṇabhāvappattidosato ayuttanti aṭṭhakathāsu paṭikkhittaṃ. Santatipaccuppannaṃ pana addhāpaccuppannañca ārammaṇaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2443. 

  2443. <p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V0.0437"></a> yaṃ vattamānajavanavīthito atītānāgatavasena dvitijavanavīthiparimāṇakāle parassa cittaṃ, taṃ sabbampi santatipaccuppannaṃ nāma. Addhāpaccuppannaṃ pana javanavārena dīpetabbanti yaṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ taṃ suvuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ dīpanā – iddhimā parassa cittaṃ jānitukāmo āvajjeti. Āvajjanaṃ khaṇapaccuppannaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā teneva saha nirujjhati. Tato cattāri pañca javanāni yesaṃ pacchimaṃ iddhicittaṃ, sesāni kāmāvacarāni. Tesaṃ sabbesampi tadeva niruddhaṃ cittamārammaṇaṃ hoti. Na ca tāni nānārammaṇāni honti. Addhāpaccuppannavasena paccuppannārammaṇattā ekārammaṇāni. Ekārammaṇattepi ca iddhicittameva parassa cittaṃ pajānāti, na itarāni; yathā cakkhudvāre cakkhuviññāṇameva rūpaṃ passati, na itarānīti. Iti idaṃ santatipaccuppannassa ceva addhāpaccuppannassa ca vasena paccuppannārammaṇaṃ <a name="P0.0422"></a> hoti. Yasmā vā santatipaccuppannampi addhāpaccuppanneyeva patati, tasmā addhāpaccuppannavasenetaṃ paccuppannārammaṇanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
    2444. 

  2444. <p class="bodytext">‘Pubbenivāsañāṇacatutthaṃ’ nāmagottānussaraṇe nibbānanimittapaccavekkhaṇe ca navattabbārammaṇaṃ, sesakāle atītārammaṇameva. Yathākammupagañāṇacatutthampi atītārammaṇameva. Tattha kiñcāpi pubbenivāsacetopariyañāṇānipi atītārammaṇāni honti, atha kho tesaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇassa atītakkhandhā khandhapaṭibaddhañca kiñci anārammaṇaṃ nāma natthi. Tañhi atītakkhandhakhandhapaṭibaddhesu dhammesu sabbaññutaññāṇasamagatikaṃ hoti. Cetopariyañāṇassa ca sattadivasabbhantarātītaṃ cittameva ārammaṇaṃ. Tañhi aññaṃ <a name="M0.0447"></a> khandhaṃ vā khandhapaṭibaddhaṃ vā na jānāti, maggasampayuttacittārammaṇattā pana pariyāyato maggārammaṇanti vuttaṃ. Yathākammupagañāṇassa ca atītacetanāmattamevārammaṇanti. Ayaṃ viseso veditabbo. Ayamettha aṭṭhakathānayo. Yasmā pana ‘‘kusalā khandhā iddhividhañāṇassa cetopariyañāṇassa pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇassa yathākammupagañāṇassa anāgataṃsañāṇassa ārammaṇapaccayena paccayo’’ti (paṭṭhā. 1.1.404) <span class="bld">paṭṭhāne</span> vuttaṃ, tasmā cattāropi khandhā cetopariyañāṇayathākammupagañāṇānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ honti. Tatrāpi yathākammupagañāṇassa kusalākusalā evāti.</p>
    2445. 

  2445. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbacakkhuñāṇacatutthaṃ’ vijjamānavaṇṇārammaṇattā paccuppannārammaṇameva. Anāgataṃsañāṇacatutthaṃ anāgatārammaṇameva. Tañhi anāgatakkhandhakhandhapaṭibaddhesu dhammesu pubbenivāsañāṇaṃ viya sabbaññutaññāṇasamagatikaṃ <a name="V0.0438"></a> hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi cetopariyañāṇampi anāgatārammaṇaṃ hoti, taṃ pana sattadivasabbhantare uppajjanakacittameva ārammaṇaṃ <a name="P0.0423"></a> karoti. Idaṃ anāgate kappasatasahasse uppajjanakacittampi khandhepi khandhapaṭibaddhampi. Rūpāvacaratikacatukkajjhānādīni atītānāgatapaccuppannesu ekadhammampi ārabbha appavattito ekantanavattabbārammaṇānevāti veditabbāni.</p>
    2446. 

  2446. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1435"></a><span class="paranum">1435</span>. Ajjhattattike <span class="bld">anindriyabaddharūpañca nibbānañca bahiddhā</span>ti idaṃ yathā indriyabaddhaṃ parapuggalasantāne bahiddhāti vuccamānampi tassa attano santānapariyāpannattā niyakajjhattaṃ hoti, evaṃ na kenaci pariyāyena ajjhattaṃ hotīti niyakajjhattapariyāyassa abhāvena bahiddhāti vuttaṃ, na niyakajjhattamattassa asambhavato. Niyakajjhattamattassa pana asambhavamattaṃ sandhāya ajjhattārammaṇattike bahiddhārammaṇatā vuttā. Ajjhattadhammāpagamamattatova ākiñcaññāyatanārammaṇassa ajjhattabhāvampi bahiddhābhāvampi ajjhattabahiddhābhāvampi ananujānitvā <span class="bld">ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ na vattabbaṃ ajjhattārammaṇantipī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
    2447. 

  2447. <p class="bodytext">Tattha na kevalaṃ tadeva navattabbārammaṇaṃ, tassa pana āvajjanampi, upacāracittānipi, tassārammaṇassa paccavekkhaṇacittānipi, tasseva assādanādivasena pavattāni akusalacittānipi navattabbārammaṇānevāti. Tāni <a name="M0.0448"></a> pana tasmiṃ vutte vuttāneva hontīti visuṃ na vuttāni. Kathaṃ vuttāneva hontīti? Etañhi ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, yañca tassa purecārikaṃ āvajjanaupacārādivasena pavattaṃ, tena saha ekārammaṇaṃ bhaveyya. Taṃ sabbaṃ atītārammaṇattike ‘kāmāvacarakusalaṃ, akusalaṃ, kiriyato nava cittuppādā, rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāna’nti evaṃ vuttānaṃ etesaṃ cittuppādānaṃ ‘siyā na vattabbā atītārammaṇātipī’tiādinā nayena navattabbārammaṇabhāvassa anuññātattā, ākiñcaññāyatanassa ca ‘ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ, cattāro maggā apariyāpannā, cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, ime dhammā na vattabbā atītārammaṇātipī’ti evaṃ ekantena navattabbārammaṇattavacanato navattabbārammaṇanti vuttaṃ. Idāni <a name="P0.0424"></a> taṃ ajjhattārammaṇattike ekampi vuccamānaṃ yasmā heṭṭhā tena saha ekārammaṇabhāvampi sandhāya kāmāvacarakusalādīnaṃ navattabbārammaṇatā vuttā, tasmā idhāpi tesaṃ navattabbārammaṇabhāvaṃ dīpeti. Ko hi tena saha ekārammaṇānaṃ navattabbārammaṇabhāve antarāyoti<a name="V0.0439"></a>? Evaṃ tasmiṃ vutte ‘vuttāneva hontī’ti veditabbāni. Sesamettha ajjhattārammaṇattike pāḷito uttānameva.</p>
    2448. 

  2448. <p class="bodytext">Ārammaṇavibhāge pana viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatananti imesaṃ tāva kusalavipākakiriyavasena channaṃ cittuppādānaṃ attano santānasambandhaṃ heṭṭhimasamāpattiṃ ārabbha pavattito ajjhattārammaṇatā veditabbā. Ettha ca kiriyaākāsānañcāyatanaṃ kiriyaviññāṇañcāyatanasseva ārammaṇaṃ hoti, na itarassa. Kasmā? Ākāsānañcāyatanakiriyasamaṅgino kusalassa vā vipākassa vā viññāṇañcāyatanassa abhāvato. Kusalaṃ pana kusalavipākakiriyānaṃ tiṇṇampi ārammaṇaṃ hoti. Kasmā? Ākāsānañcāyatanakusalaṃ nibbattetvā ṭhitassa tato uddhaṃ tividhassapi viññāṇañcāyatanassa uppattisambhavato. Vipākaṃ pana na kassaci ārammaṇaṃ hoti. Kasmā? Vipākato vuṭṭhahitvā cittassa abhinīhārāsambhavato. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa ārammaṇakaraṇepi eseva nayo. Rūpāvacarattikacatukkajjhānādīnaṃ sabbesampi niyakajjhattato bahiddhābhāvena bahiddhābhūtāni pathavīkasiṇādīni ārabbha pavattito bahiddhārammaṇatā veditabbā.</p>
    2449. 

  2449. <p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbeva kāmāvacarā kusalākusalābyākatā dhammā, rūpāvacaraṃ catutthaṃ jhāna</span>nti ettha kusalato tāva cattāro ñāṇasampayuttacittuppādā attano <a name="M0.0449"></a> khandhādīni paccavekkhantassa ajjhattārammaṇā. Paresaṃ khandhādipaccavekkhaṇe paṇṇattinibbānapaccavekkhaṇe ca bahiddhārammaṇā. Tadubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Ñāṇavippayuttesupi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi tesaṃ nibbānapaccavekkhaṇaṃ <a name="P0.0425"></a> natthi. Akusalato cattāro diṭṭhisampayuttacittuppādā attano khandhādīnaṃ assādanābhinandanaparāmāsagahaṇakāle ajjhattārammaṇā, parassa khandhādīsu ceva anindriyabaddharūpakasiṇādīsu ca tatheva pavattikāle bahiddhārammaṇā, tadubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Diṭṭhivippayuttesupi eseva nayo. Kevalañhi tesaṃ parāmāsagahaṇaṃ natthi. Dvepi paṭighasampayuttā attano khandhādīsu domanassitassa ajjhattārammaṇā, parassa khandhādīsu ceva anindriyabaddharūpapaṇṇattīsu ca bahiddhārammaṇā, tadubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Vicikicchuddhaccasampayuttānampi vuttapakāresu dhammesu vicikicchanaphandanabhāvavasena pavattiyaṃ ajjhattādiārammaṇatā veditabbā.</p>
    2450. 

  2450. <p class="bodytext">Dvipañcaviññāṇāni<a name="V0.0440"></a>, tisso ca manodhātuyoti, ime terasa cittuppādā attano rūpādīni ārabbha pavattiyaṃ ajjhattārammaṇā, parassa rūpādīsu pavattā bahiddhārammaṇā, tadubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Somanassasahagataahetukavipākamanoviññāṇadhātu pañcadvāre santīraṇatadārammaṇavasena attano pañca rūpādidhamme, manodvāre tadārammaṇavaseneva aññepi ajjhattike kāmāvacaradhamme ārabbha pavattiyaṃ ajjhattārammaṇā, paresaṃ dhammesu pavattamānā bahiddhārammaṇā, ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Upekkhāsahagatavipākāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātudvayepi eseva nayo. Kevalaṃ panetā sugatiyaṃ duggatiyañca paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivasenāpi ajjhattādibhedesu kammādīsu pavattanti.</p>
    2451. 

  2451. <p class="bodytext">Aṭṭha mahāvipākacittānipi tāsaṃyeva dvinnaṃ samānagatikāni. Kevalaṃ panetāni santīraṇavasena na pavattanti. Paṭisandhibhavaṅgacutivaseneva etāni sugatiyaṃyeva pavattanti. Somanassasahagatāhetukakiriyā pañcadvāre attano rūpādīni ārabbha pahaṭṭhākārakaraṇavasena pavattiyaṃ ajjhattārammaṇā, parassa <a name="P0.0426"></a> rūpādīsu pavattā bahiddhārammaṇā. Manodvāre tathāgatassa jotipālamāṇavamaghadevarājakaṇhatāpasādikālesu attanā katakiriyaṃ paccavekkhantassa hasituppādavasena pavattā ajjhattārammaṇā<a name="M0.0450"></a>.</p>
    2452. 

  2452. <p class="bodytext">Mallikāya deviyā santatimahāmattassa sumanamālākārassāti evamādīnaṃ kiriyākaraṇaṃ ārabbha pavattikāle bahiddhārammaṇā. Ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇā. Upekkhāsahagatakiriyāhetukamanoviññāṇadhātu pañcadvāre voṭṭhabbanavasena manodvāre ca āvajjanavasena pavattiyaṃ ajjhattādiārammaṇā. Aṭṭha mahākiriyā kusalacittagatikā eva. Kevalañhi tā khīṇāsavānaṃ uppajjanti, kusalāni sekkhaputhujjanānanti ettakamevettha nānākaraṇaṃ.</p>
    2453. 

  2453. <p class="bodytext">Vuttappakāre rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāne sabbatthapādakacatutthādīni pañca jhānāni imasmiṃ tike okāsaṃ labhanti. Etāni hi kasiṇapaṇṇattinimittārammaṇattā bahiddhārammaṇāni.</p>
    2454. 

  2454. <p class="bodytext">‘Iddhividhacatutthaṃ’ kāyavasena cittaṃ, cittavasena vā kāyaṃ pariṇāmanakāle attano kumārakavaṇṇādinimmānakāle ca sakāyacittānaṃ ārammaṇakaraṇato ajjhattārammaṇaṃ, bahiddhā hatthiassādidassanakāle bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, kālena ajjhattaṃ kālena bahiddhā, pavattiyaṃ ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇaṃ.</p>
    2455. 

  2455. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbasotacatutthaṃ’ <a name="V0.0441"></a> attano kucchisaddasavanakāle ajjhattārammaṇaṃ, paresaṃ saddasavanakāle bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇaṃ. ‘Cetopariyañāṇacatutthaṃ’ paresaṃ cittārammaṇato bahiddhārammaṇameva. Attano cittajānane pana tena payojanaṃ natthi. ‘Pubbenivāsacatutthaṃ’ attano khandhānussaraṇakāle ajjhattārammaṇaṃ, parassa khandhe, anidriyabaddharūpaṃ, tisso ca paṇṇattiyo anussaraṇato bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇaṃ.</p>
    2456. 

  2456. <p class="bodytext">‘Dibbacakkhucatutthaṃ’ <a name="P0.0427"></a> attano kucchigatādirūpadassanakāle ajjhattārammaṇaṃ, avasesarūpadassanakāle bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇaṃ. ‘Anāgataṃsañāṇacatutthaṃ’ attano anāgatakkhandhānussaraṇakāle ajjhattārammaṇaṃ, parassa anāgatakkhandhānaṃ vā anindriyabaddhassa vā rūpassa anussaraṇakāle bahiddhārammaṇaṃ, ubhayavasena ajjhattabahiddhārammaṇaṃ. Ākiñcaññāyatanassa navattabbārammaṇatāya kāraṇaṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
    2457. 

  2457. <p class="title">Dukaatthuddhāravaṇṇanā</p>
    2458. 

  2458. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1441"></a><span class="paranum">1441</span>. Hetugocchakaniddese <a name="M0.0451"></a> <span class="bld">tayo kusalahetū</span>tiādinā nayena hetū dassetvā puna teyeva uppattiṭṭhānato dassetuṃ <span class="bld">catūsu bhūmīsu kusalesu uppajjantī</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Iminā upāyena sesagocchakesupi desanānayo veditabbo.</p>
    2459. 

  2459. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1473"></a><span class="paranum">1473</span>. <span class="bld">Yattha dve tayo āsavā ekato uppajjantī</span>ti ettha tividhena āsavānaṃ ekato uppatti veditabbā. Tattha catūsu diṭṭhivippayuttesu avijjāsavena, diṭṭhisampayuttesu diṭṭhāsavaavijjāsavehi saddhinti kāmāsavo duvidhena ekato uppajjati. Bhavāsavo catūsu diṭṭhivippayuttesu avijjāsavena saddhinti ekadhāva ekato uppajjati. Yathā cettha evaṃ yattha dve tīṇi saṃyojanāni ekato uppajjantīti etthāpi saṃyojanānaṃ uppatti ekato dasadhā bhave. Tattha kāmarāgo catudhā ekato uppajjati, paṭigho tidhā, māno ekadhā. Tathā vicikicchā ceva bhavarāgo ca. Kathaṃ? Kāmarāgo tāva mānasaṃyojanaavijjāsaṃyojanehi ceva, diṭṭhisaṃyojanaavijjāsaṃyojanehi ca, sīlabbataparāmāsaavijjāsaṃyojanehi ca, avijjāsaṃyojanamatteneva ca saddhinti evaṃ catudhā ekato uppajjati. Paṭigho pana issāsaṃyojanaavijjāsaṃyojanehi ceva, macchariyasaṃyojanaavijjāsaṃyojanehi ca, avijjāsaṃyojanamatteneva <a name="V0.0442"></a> ca saddhinti evaṃ tidhā ekato uppajjati. Māno bhavarāgāvijjāsaṃyojanehi saddhiṃ ekadhāva ekato uppajjati<a name="P0.0428"></a>. Tathā vicikicchā. Sā hi avijjāsaṃyojanena saddhiṃ ekadhā uppajjati. Bhavarāgepi eseva nayoti. Evamettha dve tīṇi saṃyojanāni ekato uppajjanti.</p>
    2460. 

  2460. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1511"></a><span class="paranum">1511</span>. Yaṃ panetaṃ nīvaraṇagocchake yattha dve tīṇi nīvaraṇāni ekato uppajjantīti vuttaṃ, tatthāpi aṭṭhadhā nīvaraṇānaṃ ekato uppatti veditabbā. Etesu hi kāmacchando duvidhā ekato uppajjati, byāpādo catudhā, uddhaccaṃ ekadhā. Tathā vicikicchā. Kathaṃ? Kāmacchando tāva asaṅkhārikacittesu uddhaccanīvaraṇaavijjānīvaraṇehi, sasaṅkhārikesu thinamiddhauddhaccaavijjānīvaraṇehi saddhiṃ duvidhā ekato uppajjati. Yaṃ panetaṃ dve tīṇīti vuttaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhimaparicchedavasena vuttaṃ. Tasmā catunnampi ekato uppajjatīti <a name="M0.0452"></a> vacanaṃ yujjati eva. Byāpādo pana asaṅkhārikacitte uddhaccaavijjānīvaraṇehi, sasaṅkhārike thinamiddhauddhaccaavijjānīvaraṇehi, asaṅkhārikeyeva uddhaccakukkuccaavijjānīvaraṇehi, sasaṅkhārikeyeva thinamiddhauddhaccakukkuccaavijjānīvaraṇehi saddhinti catudhā ekato uppajjati. Uddhaccaṃ pana avijjānīvaraṇamattena saddhiṃ ekadhāva ekato uppajjati. Vicikicchuddhaccaavijjānīvaraṇehi saddhiṃ ekadhāva ekato uppajjati.</p>
    2461. 

  2461. <p class="bodytext"><a name="para1577"></a><span class="paranum">1577</span>. Yampidaṃ kilesagocchake yattha dve tayo kilesā ekato uppajjantīti vuttaṃ, tattha ‘dve kilesā aññehi, tayo vā kilesā aññehi kilesehi saddhiṃ uppajjantī’ti evamattho veditabbo. Kasmā? Dvinnaṃ tiṇṇaṃyeva vā ekato uppattiyā asambhavato.</p>
    2462. 

  2462. <p class="bodytext">Tattha dasadhā kilesānaṃ ekato uppatti hoti. Ettha hi lobho chadhā ekato uppajjati. Paṭigho dvidhā. Tathā mohoti veditabbo. Kathaṃ? Lobho tāva asaṅkhārike diṭṭhivippayutte mohauddhaccaahirikānottappehi, sasaṅkhārike mohathinauddhaccaahirikānottappehi, asaṅkhārikeyeva mohamānuddhaccāhirikānottappehi<a name="P0.0429"></a>, sasaṅkhārikeyeva mohamānathinauddhaccaahirikānottappehi, diṭṭhisampayutte pana asaṅkhārike mohauddhaccadiṭṭhiahirikānottappehi, sasaṅkhārike mohadiṭṭhithinauddhaccaahirikānottappehi saddhinti chadhā ekato uppajjati.</p>
    2463. 

  2463. <p class="bodytext">Paṭigho <a name="V0.0443"></a> pana asaṅkhārike mohauddhaccaahirikānottappehi, sasaṅkhārike mohathinauddhaccaahirikānottappehi saddhinti evaṃ dvidhā ekato uppajjati. Moho pana vicikicchāsampayutte vicikicchuddhaccaahirikānottappehi, uddhaccasampayutte uddhaccaahirikānottappehi saddhinti evaṃ dvidhā ekato uppajjati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.</p>
    2464. 

  2464. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasāliniyā dhammasaṅgahaaṭṭhakathāya</p>
    2465. 

  2465. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhakathākaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    2466. 

  2466. <p class="title">Nigamanakathā</p>
    2467. 

  2467. <p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā ca –</p>
    2468. 

  2468. <p class="gatha1">Cittaṃ <a name="M0.0453"></a> rūpañca nikkhepaṃ, atthuddhāraṃ manoramaṃ;</p>
    2469. 

  2469. <p class="gathalast">Yaṃ lokanātho bhājento, desesi dhammasaṅgaṇiṃ.</p>
    2470. 

  2470. <p class="gatha1">Abhidhammassa saṅgayha, dhamme anavasesato;</p>
    2471. 

  2471. <p class="gathalast">Ṭhitāya tassā āraddhā, yā mayā atthavaṇṇanā.</p>
    2472. 

  2472. <p class="gatha1">Anākulānamatthānaṃ, sambhavā aṭṭhasālinī;</p>
    2473. 

  2473. <p class="gathalast">Iti nāmena sā esā, sanniṭṭhānamupāgatā.</p>
    2474. 

  2474. <p class="gatha1">Ekūnacattālīsāya, pāḷiyā bhāṇavārato;</p>
    2475. 

  2475. <p class="gathalast">Ciraṭṭhitatthaṃ dhammassa, niṭṭhāpentena taṃ mayā.</p>
    2476. 

  2476. <p class="gatha1">Yaṃ <a name="P0.0430"></a> pattaṃ kusalaṃ tassa, ānubhāvena pāṇino;</p>
    2477. 

  2477. <p class="gathalast">Sabbe saddhammarājassa, ñatvā dhammaṃ sukhāvahaṃ.</p>
    2478. 

  2478. <p class="gatha1">Pāpuṇantu <a name="V0.0444"></a> visuddhāya, sukhāya paṭipattiyā;</p>
    2479. 

  2479. <p class="gathalast">Asokamanupāyāsaṃ, nibbānasukhamuttamaṃ.</p>
    2480. 

  2480. <p class="gatha1">Ciraṃ tiṭṭhatu saddhammo, dhamme hontu sagāravā;</p>
    2481. 

  2481. <p class="gathalast">Sabbepi sattā kālena, sammā devo pavassatu.</p>
    2482. 

  2482. <p class="gatha1">Yathā rakkhiṃsu porāṇā, surājāno tathevimaṃ;</p>
    2483. 

  2483. <p class="gathalast">Rājā rakkhatu dhammena, attanova pajaṃ pajanti.</p>
    2484. 

  2484. <p class="bodytext">Paramavisuddhasaddhābuddhivīriyapaṭimaṇḍitena sīlācārajjavamaddavādiguṇasamudayasamuditena sakasamayasamayantaragahanajjhogāhaṇasamatthena paññāveyyattiyasamannāgatena tipiṭakapariyattippabhede sāṭṭhakathe satthusāsane appaṭihatañāṇappabhāvena mahāveyyākaraṇena karaṇasampattijanitasukhaviniggatamadhurodāravacanalāvaṇṇayuttena yuttamuttavādinā vādīvarena mahākavinā pabhinnapaṭisambhidāparivāre chaḷabhiññādippabhedaguṇapaṭimaṇḍite uttarimanussadhamme suppatiṭṭhitabuddhīnaṃ theravaṃsappadīpānaṃ therānaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vaṃsālaṅkārabhūtena vipulavisuddhabuddhinā buddhaghosoti garūhi <a name="M0.0454"></a> gahitanāmadheyyena therena katā ayaṃ aṭṭhasālinī nāma dhammasaṅgahaṭṭhakathā.</p>
    2485. 

  2485. <p class="gatha1">Tāva tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, lokanittharaṇesinaṃ;</p>
    2486. 

  2486. <p class="gathalast">Dassentī kulaputtānaṃ, nayaṃ paññāvisuddhiyā.</p>
    2487. 

  2487. <p class="gatha1">Yāva ‘buddho’ti nāmampi, suddhacittassa tādino;</p>
    2488. 

  2488. <p class="gathalast">Lokamhi lokajeṭṭhassa, pavattati mahesinoti.</p>
    2489. 

  2489. <p class="centered">Aṭṭhasālinī nāma</p>
    2490. 

  2490. <p class="centered">Dhammasaṅgaha-aṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
    2491. 

  2491. </body>
    2492.