iapt-platform
/
mint
-ын хуулбар https://github.com/iapt-platform/mint.git


			
				
					
						
						
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<p class="centered"> Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa</p>
<p class="nikaya">Majjhimanikāye</p>
<a name="mn3"></a>
<p class="book">Uparipaṇṇāsa-aṭṭhakathā</p>
<a name="mn3_1"></a>
<p class="chapter">1. Devadahavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Devadahasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para1"></a><a name="para1_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">1</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0001"></a><a name="P4.0001"></a><a name="M4.0001"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti devadahasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">devadahaṃ nāmā</span>ti devā vuccanti rājāno, tattha ca sakyarājūnaṃ maṅgalapokkharaṇī ahosi pāsādikā ārakkhasampannā, sā devānaṃ dahattā ‘‘devadaha’’nti paññāyittha. Tadupādāya sopi nigamo devadahantveva saṅkhaṃ gato. Bhagavā taṃ nigamaṃ nissāya lumbinivane viharati. <span class="bld">Sabbaṃ taṃ pubbekatahetū</span>ti pubbe katakammapaccayā. Iminā kammavedanañca kiriyavedanañca paṭikkhipitvā ekaṃ vipākavedanameva sampaṭicchantīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vādino, bhikkhave, nigaṇṭhā</span>ti iminā pubbe aniyametvā vuttaṃ niyametvā dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahuvamheva</span> <a name="P4.0002"></a> <span class="bld">maya</span>nti idaṃ bhagavā tesaṃ ajānanabhāvaṃ jānantova kevalaṃ kalisāsanaṃ āropetukāmo <a name="V4.0002"></a> pucchati. Ye hi ‘‘mayaṃ ahuvamhā’’tipi na jānanti, te kathaṃ kammassa katabhāvaṃ vā akatabhāvaṃ vā jānissanti. Uttaripucchāyapi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para2"></a><a name="para2_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">2</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti cūḷadukkhakkhandhe (ma. ni. 1.179-180) mahānigaṇṭhassa vacane sacce santeti attho, idha pana ettakassa ṭhānassa tumhākaṃ ajānanabhāve santeti attho. <span class="bld">Na kalla</span>nti na yuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para3"></a><a name="para3_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">3</span>. <span class="bld">Gāḷhūpalepanenā</span>ti <a name="M4.0002"></a> bahalūpalepanena, punappunaṃ visarañjitena, na pana khaliyā littena viya. <span class="bld">Esaniyā</span>ti esanisalākāya antamaso nantakavaṭṭiyāpi. <span class="bld">Eseyyā</span>ti gambhīraṃ vā uttānaṃ vāti vīmaṃseyya. <span class="bld">Agadaṅgāra</span>nti jhāmaharītakassa vā āmalakassa vā cuṇṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Odaheyyā</span>ti pakkhipeyya. <span class="bld">Arogo</span>tiādi māgaṇḍiyasutte (ma. ni. 2.213) vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti ettha idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ, sallena viddhassa hi viddhakāle vedanāya pākaṭakālo viya imesaṃ ‘‘mayaṃ pubbe ahuvamhā vā no vā, pāpakammaṃ akaramhā <a name="P4.0003"></a> vā no vā, evarūpaṃ vā pāpaṃ karamhā’’ti jānanakālo siyā. Vaṇamukhassa parikantanādīsu catūsu kālesu vedanāya pākaṭakālo viya ‘‘ettakaṃ vā no dukkhaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ, ettake vā nijjiṇṇe sabbameva dukkhaṃ nijjiṇṇaṃ bhavissati, suddhante patiṭṭhitā nāma bhavissāmā’’ti jānanakālo siyā. Aparabhāge phāsubhāvajānanakālo viya diṭṭheva dhamme akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya jānanakālo siyā. Evamettha ekāya upamāya tayo atthā, catūhi upamāhi eko attho paridīpito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para4"></a><a name="para4_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">4</span>. Ime pana tato ekampi na jānanti, virajjhitvā gate salle aviddhova ‘‘viddhosi mayā’’ti paccatthikassa vacanappamāṇeneva ‘‘viddhosmī’’ti saññaṃ uppādetvā dukkhappattapuriso viya kevalaṃ mahānigaṇṭhassa vacanappamāṇena sabbametaṃ saddahantā evaṃ sallopamāya bhagavatā niggahitā paccāharituṃ asakkontā yathā nāma dubbalo sunakho migaṃ uṭṭhāpetvā sāmikassa abhimukhaṃ karitvā attanā osakkati, evaṃ mahānigaṇṭhassa matthake vādaṃ pakkhipantā <span class="bld">nigaṇṭho, āvuso</span>tiādīmāhaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para5"></a><a name="para5_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">5</span>. Atha ne <a name="V4.0003"></a> bhagavā sācariyake niggaṇhanto <span class="bld">pañca kho ime</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Tatrāyasmantāna</span>nti <a name="P4.0004"></a> tesu pañcasu dhammesu āyasmantānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kā atītaṃse satthari saddhā</span>ti atītaṃsavādimhi satthari kā saddhā. Yā atītavādaṃ saddahantānaṃ tumhākaṃ mahānigaṇṭhassa saddhā, sā katamā? Kiṃ <a name="M4.0003"></a> bhūtatthā abhūtatthā, bhūtavipākā abhūtavipākāti pucchati. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Sahadhammika</span>nti sahetukaṃ sakāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Vādapaṭihāra</span>nti paccāgamanakavādaṃ. Ettāvatā tesaṃ ‘‘apanetha saddhaṃ, sabbadubbalā esā’’ti saddhāchedakavādaṃ nāma dasseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para6"></a><a name="para6_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">6</span>. <span class="bld">Avijjā aññāṇā</span>ti avijjāya aññāṇena. <span class="bld">Sammohā</span>ti sammohena. <span class="bld">Vipaccethā</span>ti viparītato saddahatha, vipallāsaggāhaṃ vā gaṇhathāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para7"></a><a name="para7_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">7</span>. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammavedanīya</span>nti imasmiṃyeva attabhāve vipākadāyakaṃ. <span class="bld">Upakkamenā</span>ti payogena. <span class="bld">Padhānenā</span>ti vīriyena. <span class="bld">Samparāyavedanīya</span>nti dutiye vā tatiye vā attabhāve vipākadāyakaṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhavedanīya</span>nti iṭṭhārammaṇavipākadāyakaṃ kusalakammaṃ. Viparītaṃ <span class="bld">dukkhavedanīyaṃ. Paripakkavedanīya</span>nti paripakke nipphanne attabhāve vedanīyaṃ, diṭṭhadhammavedanīyassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Aparipakkavedanīya</span>nti <a name="P4.0005"></a> aparipakke attabhāve vedanīyaṃ, samparāyavedanīyassevetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evaṃ santepi ayamettha viseso – yaṃ paṭhamavaye kataṃ paṭhamavaye vā majjhimavaye vā pacchimavaye vā vipākaṃ deti, majjhimavaye kataṃ majjhimavaye vā pacchimavaye vā vipākaṃ deti, pacchimavaye kataṃ tattheva vipākaṃ deti, taṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana sattadivasabbhantare vipākaṃ deti, taṃ paripakkavedanīyaṃ nāma. Taṃ kusalampi hoti akusalampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrimāni vatthūni – <span class="bld">puṇṇo</span> nāma kira duggatamanusso rājagahe sumanaseṭṭhiṃ nissāya vasati. Tamenaṃ ekadivasaṃ nagaramhi nakkhatte saṅghuṭṭhe seṭṭhi āha – ‘‘sace ajja kasissasi, dve ca goṇe naṅgalañca labhissasi. Kiṃ nakkhattaṃ kīḷissasi, kasissasī’’ti. Kiṃ me nakkhattena, kasissāmīti? Tena hi ye goṇe icchasi, te gahetvā kasāhīti. So kasituṃ gato. Taṃ divasaṃ sāriputtatthero nirodhā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘kassa saṅgahaṃ karomī’’ti? Āvajjanto puṇṇaṃ disvā pattacīvaraṃ ādāya tassa kasanaṭṭhānaṃ gato. Puṇṇo kasiṃ ṭhapetvā therassa dantakaṭṭhaṃ datvā mukhodakaṃ <a name="V4.0004"></a> adāsi. Thero sarīraṃ paṭijaggitvā kammantassa avidūre <a name="M4.0004"></a> nisīdi bhattābhihāraṃ olokento. Athassa bhariyaṃ bhattaṃ āharantiṃ disvā antarāmaggeyeva attānaṃ dassesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sā sāmikassa āhaṭabhattaṃ therassa patte pakkhipitvā puna gantvā aññaṃ bhattaṃ sampādetvā divā agamāsi. Puṇṇo ekavāraṃ kasitvā nisīdi. Sāpi bhattaṃ gahetvā āgacchantī āha – ‘‘sāmi pātova te bhattaṃ āhariyittha, antarāmagge pana <a name="P4.0006"></a> sāriputtattheraṃ disvā taṃ tassa datvā aññaṃ pacitvā āharantiyā me ussūro jāto, mā kujjhi sāmī’’ti. Bhaddakaṃ te bhadde kataṃ, mayā therassa pātova dantakaṭṭhañca mukhodakañca dinnaṃ, amhākaṃyevānena piṇḍapātopi paribhutto, ajja therena katasamaṇadhammassa mayaṃ bhāgino jātāti cittaṃ pasādesi. Ekavāraṃ kasitaṭṭhānaṃ suvaṇṇameva ahosi. So bhuñjitvā kasitaṭṭhānaṃ olokento vijjotamānaṃ disvā uṭṭhāya yaṭṭhiyā paharitvā rattasuvaṇṇabhāvaṃ jānitvā ‘‘rañño akathetvā paribhuñjituṃ na sakkā’’ti gantvā rañño ārocesi. Rājā taṃ sabbaṃ sakaṭehi āharāpetvā rājaṅgaṇe rāsiṃ kāretvā ‘‘kassimasmiṃ nagare ettakaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ atthī’’ti pucchi. Kassaci natthīti ca vutte seṭṭhiṭṭhānamassa adāsi. So <span class="bld">puṇṇaseṭṭhi</span> nāma jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi vatthu – tasmiṃyeva rājagahe <span class="bld">kāḷaveḷiyo</span> nāma duggato atthi. Tassa bhariyā paṇṇambilayāguṃ paci. Mahākassapatthero nirodhā vuṭṭhāya ‘‘kassa saṅgahaṃ karomī’’ti āvajjanto taṃ disvā gantvā gehadvāre aṭṭhāsi. Sā pattaṃ gahetvā sabbaṃ tattha pakkhipitvā therassa adāsi, thero vihāraṃ gantvā satthu upanāmesi. Satthā attano yāpanamattaṃ gaṇhi, sesaṃ pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ pahosi. Kāḷavaḷiyopi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patto cūḷakaṃ labhi. Mahākassapo satthāraṃ kāḷavaḷiyassa vipākaṃ pucchi. Satthā ‘‘ito sattame divase seṭṭhicchattaṃ labhissatī’’ti āha. Kāḷavaḷiyo taṃ kathaṃ sutvā gantvā bhariyāya ārocesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā ca rājā nagaraṃ anusañcaranto bahinagare jīvasūle nisinnaṃ <a name="P4.0007"></a> purisaṃ addasa. Puriso rājānaṃ disvā uccāsaddaṃ akāsi ‘‘tumhākaṃ me <a name="M4.0005"></a> bhuñjanabhattaṃ pahiṇatha devā’’ti. Rājā ‘‘pesessāmī’’ti vatvā sāyamāsabhatte upanīte saritvā ‘‘imaṃ harituṃ samatthaṃ jānāthā’’ti āha, nagare sahassabhaṇḍikaṃ cāresuṃ. Tatiyavāre kāḷavaḷiyassa bhariyā aggahesi<a name="V4.0005"></a>. Atha naṃ rañño dassesuṃ, sā purisavesaṃ gahetvā pañcāvudhasannaddhā bhattapātiṃ gahetvā nagarā nikkhami. Bahinagare tāle adhivattho <span class="bld">dīghatālo</span> nāma yakkho taṃ rukkhamūlena gacchantiṃ disvā ‘‘tiṭṭha tiṭṭha bhakkhosi me’’ti āha. Nāhaṃ tava bhakkho, rājadūto ahanti. Kattha gacchasīti. Jīvasūle nisinnassa purisassa santikanti. Mamapi ekaṃ sāsanaṃ harituṃ sakkhissasīti. Āma sakkhissāmīti. ‘‘Dīghatālassa bhariyā sumanadevarājadhītā kāḷī puttaṃ vijātā’’ti āroceyyāsi. Imasmiṃ tālamūle satta nidhikumbhiyo atthi, tā tvaṃ gaṇheyyāsīti. Sā ‘‘dīghatālassa bhariyā sumanadevarājadhītā kāḷī puttaṃ vijātā’’ti ugghosentī agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sumanadevo yakkhasamāgame nisinno sutvā ‘‘eko manusso amhākaṃ piyapavattiṃ āharati, pakkosatha na’’nti sāsanaṃ sutvā pasanno ‘‘imassa rukkhassa parimaṇḍalacchāyāya pharaṇaṭṭhāne nidhikumbhiyo tuyhaṃ dammī’’ti āha. Jīvasūle nisinnapuriso bhattaṃ bhuñjitvā mukhapuñchanakāle itthiphassoti ñatvā cūḷāya ḍaṃsi, sā asinā attano cūḷaṃ <a name="P4.0008"></a> chinditvā rañño santikaṃyeva gatā. Rājā bhattabhojitabhāvo kathaṃ jānitabboti? Cūḷasaññāyāti vatvā rañño ācikkhitvā taṃ dhanaṃ āharāpesi. Rājā aññassa ettakaṃ dhanaṃ nāma atthīti. Natthi devāti. Rājā tassā patiṃ tasmiṃ nagare dhanaseṭṭhiṃ akāsi. <span class="bld">Mallikāyapi</span> deviyā vatthu kathetabbaṃ. Imāni tāva <span class="bld">kusalakamme vatthūni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nandamāṇavako</span> pana uppalavaṇṇāya theriyā vippaṭipajji, tassa mañcato uṭṭhāya nikkhamitvā gacchantassa mahāpathavī bhijjitvā okāsamadāsi, tattheva mahānarakaṃ paviṭṭho. <span class="bld">Nando</span>pi goghātako paṇṇāsa vassāni goghātakakammaṃ katvā ekadivasaṃ bhojanakāle maṃsaṃ alabhanto ekassa jīvamānakagoṇassa jivhaṃ chinditvā aṅgāresu pacāpetvā khādituṃ āraddho. Athassa jivhā mūle chijjitvā bhattapātiyaṃyeva patitā, so viravanto kālaṃ katvā niraye nibbatti. <span class="bld">Nandopi yakkho</span> aññena yakkhena <a name="M4.0006"></a> saddhiṃ ākāsena gacchanto sāriputtattheraṃ navoropitehi kesehi rattibhāge abbhokāse nisinnaṃ disvā sīse paharitukāmo itarassa yakkhassa ārocetvā tena vāriyamānopi pahāraṃ datvā ḍayhāmi ḍayhāmīti viravanto tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne bhūmiṃ pavisitvā mahāniraye nibbattoti imāni <span class="bld">akusalakamme vatthūni</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ <a name="V4.0006"></a> pana antamaso maraṇasantikepi kataṃ kammaṃ bhavantare vipākaṃ deti, taṃ sabbaṃ <span class="bld">samparāyavedanīyaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0009"></a> nāma. Tattha yo aparihīnassa jhānassa vipāko nibbattissati, so idha nibbattitavipākoti vutto. Tassa mūlabhūtaṃ kammaṃ neva diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ na samparāyavedanīyanti, na vicāritaṃ, kiñcāpi na vicāritaṃ, samparāyavedanīyameva panetanti veditabbaṃ. Yo paṭhamamaggādīnaṃ bhavantare phalasamāpattivipāko, so idha nibbattitaguṇotveva vutto. Kiñcāpi evaṃ vutto, maggakammaṃ pana <span class="bld">paripakkavedanīya</span>nti veditabbaṃ. Maggacetanāyeva hi sabbalahuṃ phaladāyikā anantaraphalattāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para8"></a><a name="para8_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">8</span>. <span class="bld">Bahuvedanīya</span>nti saññābhavūpagaṃ. <span class="bld">Appavedanīya</span>nti asaññābhavūpagaṃ. <span class="bld">Savedanīya</span>nti savipākaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Avedanīya</span>nti avipākaṃ kammaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ sante</span>ti imesaṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyādīnaṃ kammānaṃ upakkamena samparāyavedanīyādi bhāvakāraṇassa alābhe sati. <span class="bld">Aphalo</span>ti nipphalo niratthakoti. Ettāvatā aniyyānikasāsane payogassa aphalataṃ dassetvā padhānacchedakavādo nāma dassitoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sahadhammikā vādānuvādā</span>ti parehi vuttakāraṇena sakāraṇā hutvā nigaṇṭhānaṃ vādā ca anuvādā ca. <span class="bld">Gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchantī</span>ti viññūhi garahitabbaṃ kāraṇaṃ āgacchanti. ‘‘Vādānuppattā gārayhaṭṭhānā’’tipi pāṭho. Tassattho – parehi vuttena kāraṇena sakāraṇā <a name="P4.0010"></a> nigaṇṭhānaṃ vādaṃ anuppattā taṃ vādaṃ sosentā milāpentā dukkaṭakammakārinotiādayo dasa gārayhaṭṭhānā āgacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para9"></a><a name="para9_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">9</span>. <span class="bld">Saṅgatibhāvahetū</span>ti niyatibhāvakāraṇā. <span class="bld">Pāpasaṅgatikā</span>ti pāpaniyatino. <span class="bld">Abhijātihetū</span>ti chaḷabhijātihetu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para10"></a><a name="para10_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">10</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M4.0007"></a> nigaṇṭhānaṃ upakkamassa aphalataṃ dassetvā idāni niyyānikasāsane upakkamassa vīriyassa ca saphalataṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">kathañca, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">anaddhabhūta</span>nti anadhibhūtaṃ. Dukkhena anadhibhūto nāma manussattabhāvo vuccati, na taṃ addhabhāveti nābhibhavatīti attho. Tampi nānappakārāya dukkarakārikāya payojento dukkhena addhabhāveti nāma. Ye pana sāsane pabbajitvā āraññakā vā honti rukkhamūlikādayo vā, te dukkhena na addhabhāventi nāma. Niyyānikasāsanasmiñhi vīriyaṃ sammāvāyāmo nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero <a name="V4.0007"></a> panāha – yo issarakule nibbatto sattavassiko hutvā alaṅkatappaṭiyatto pituaṅke nisinno ghare bhattakiccaṃ katvā nisinnena bhikkhusaṅghena anumodanāya kariyamānāya tisso sampattiyo dassetvā saccesu pakāsitesu arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, mātāpitūhi vā ‘‘pabbajissasi tātā’’ti vutto ‘‘āma pabbajissāmī’’ti vatvā <a name="P4.0011"></a> nhāpetvā alaṅkaritvā vihāraṃ nīto tacapañcakaṃ uggaṇhitvā nisinno kesesu ohāriyamānesu khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, navapabbajito vā pana manosilātelamakkhitena sīsena punadivase mātāpitūhi pesitaṃ kājabhattaṃ bhuñjitvā vihāre nisinnova arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, ayaṃ na dukkhena attānaṃ addhabhāveti nāma. Ayaṃ pana ukkaṭṭhasakkāro. Yo dāsikucchiyaṃ nibbatto antamaso rajatamuddikampi piḷandhitvā gorakapiyaṅgumattenāpi sarīraṃ vilimpetvā ‘‘pabbājetha na’’nti nīto khuragge vā punadivase vā arahattaṃ pāpuṇāti, ayampi na anaddhabhūtaṃ attānaṃ dukkhena addhabhāveti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammikaṃ sukhaṃ</span> nāma saṅghato vā gaṇato vā uppannaṃ catupaccayasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Anadhimucchito</span>ti taṇhāmucchanāya amucchito. Dhammikañhi sukhaṃ na pariccajāmīti na tattha gedho kātabbo. Saṅghato hi uppannaṃ salākabhattaṃ vā vassāvāsikaṃ vā ‘‘idamatthaṃ eta’’nti paricchinditvā saṅghamajjhe bhikkhūnaṃ antare paribhuñjanto pattantare padumaṃ viya sīlasamādhivipassanāmaggaphalehi vaḍḍhati. <span class="bld">Imassā</span>ti paccuppannānaṃ pañcannaṃ khandhānaṃ mūlabhūtassa. <span class="bld">Dukkhanidānassā</span>ti taṇhāya. Sā hi pañcakkhandhadukkhassa nidānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāraṃ padahato</span>ti sampayogavīriyaṃ <a name="M4.0008"></a> karontassa. <span class="bld">Virāgo</span> <a name="P4.0012"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti maggena virāgo hoti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘saṅkhārapadhānena me imassa dukkhanidānassa virāgo hotī’’ti <span class="bld">evaṃ pajānātī</span>ti iminā sukhāpaṭipadā khippābhiññā kathitā. Dutiyavārena tassa sampayogavīriyassa majjhattatākāro kathito. <span class="bld">So yassa hi khvāssā</span>ti ettha ayaṃ saṅkhepattho – so puggalo yassa dukkhanidānassa saṅkhārapadhānena virāgo hoti, saṅkhāraṃ tattha padahati, maggapadhānena padahati. Yassa pana dukkhanidānassa ajjhupekkhato upekkhaṃ bhāventassa virāgo hoti, upekkhaṃ tattha bhāveti, maggabhāvanāya bhāveti. <span class="bld">Tassā</span>ti tassa puggalassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para11"></a><a name="para11_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">11</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭibaddhacitto</span>ti chandarāgena baddhacitto. <span class="bld">Tibbacchando</span>ti bahalacchando. <span class="bld">Tibbāpekkho</span>ti <a name="V4.0008"></a> bahalapatthano. <span class="bld">Santiṭṭhanti</span>nti ekato tiṭṭhantiṃ. <span class="bld">Sañjagghanti</span>nti mahāhasitaṃ hasamānaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃhasanti</span>nti sitaṃ kurumānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameva kho, bhikkhave</span>ti ettha idaṃ opammavibhāvanaṃ – eko hi puriso ekissā itthiyā sāratto ghāsacchādanamālālaṅkārādīni datvā ghare vāseti. Sā taṃ aticaritvā aññaṃ sevati. So ‘‘nūna ahaṃ assā anurūpaṃ sakkāraṃ na karomī’’ti sakkāraṃ vaḍḍhesi. Sā bhiyyosomattāya aticaratiyeva. So – ‘‘ayaṃ sakkariyamānāpi aticarateva, ghare me vasamānā anatthampi kareyya, nīharāmi na’’nti parisamajjhe alaṃvacanīyaṃ katvā ‘‘mā puna gehaṃ pāvisī’’ti vissajjesi. Sā kenaci <a name="P4.0013"></a> upāyena tena saddhiṃ santhavaṃ kātuṃ asakkontī naṭanaccakādīhi saddhiṃ vicarati. Tassa purisassa taṃ disvā neva uppajjati domanassaṃ, somanassaṃ pana uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha purisassa itthiyā sārattakālo viya imassa bhikkhuno attabhāve ālayo. Ghāsacchādanādīni datvā ghare vasāpanakālo viya attabhāvassa paṭijagganakālo. Tassā aticaraṇakālo viya jaggiyamānasseva attabhāvassa pittapakopādīnaṃ vasena sābādhatā. ‘‘Attano anurūpaṃ sakkāraṃ alabhantī aticaratī’’ti sallakkhetvā sakkāravaḍḍhanaṃ viya ‘‘bhesajjaṃ alabhanto evaṃ hotī’’ti sallakkhetvā <a name="M4.0009"></a> bhesajjakaraṇakālo. Sakkāre vaḍḍhitepi puna aticaraṇaṃ viya pittādīsu ekassa bhesajje kariyamāne sesānaṃ pakopavasena puna sābādhatā. Parisamajjhe alaṃvacanīyaṃ katvā gehā nikkaḍḍhanaṃ viya ‘‘idāni te nāhaṃ dāso na kammakaro, anamatagge saṃsāre taṃyeva upaṭṭhahanto vicariṃ, ko me tayā attho, chijja vā bhijja vā’’ti tasmiṃ anapekkhataṃ āpajjitvā vīriyaṃ thiraṃ katvā maggena kilesasamugghātanaṃ. Naṭanaccakādīhi naccamānaṃ vicarantiṃ disvā yathā tassa purisassa domanassaṃ na uppajjati, somanassameva uppajjati, evameva imassa bhikkhuno arahattaṃ pattassa pittapakopādīnaṃ vasena ābādhikaṃ attabhāvaṃ disvā domanassaṃ na uppajjati, ‘‘muccissāmi vata khandhaparihāradukkhato’’ti somanassameva uppajjatīti. Ayaṃ pana upamā ‘‘paṭibaddhacittassa domanassaṃ uppajjati, appaṭibaddhacittassa natthetanti ñatvā <a name="P4.0014"></a> itthiyā chandarāgaṃ pajahati, evamayaṃ bhikkhu saṅkhāraṃ vā padahantassa upekkhaṃ vā bhāventassa dukkhanidānaṃ <a name="V4.0009"></a> pahīyati, no aññathāti ñatvā tadubhayaṃ sampādento dukkhanidānaṃ pajahatī’’ti etamatthaṃ vibhāvetuṃ āgatāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para12"></a><a name="para12_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">12</span>. <span class="bld">Yathā sukhaṃ kho me viharato</span>ti yena sukhena viharituṃ icchāmi tena, me viharato. <span class="bld">Padahato</span>ti pesentassa. Ettha ca yassa sukhā paṭipadā asappāyā, sukhumacīvarāni dhārentassa pāsādike senāsane vasantassa cittaṃ vikkhipati, dukkhā paṭipadā sappāyā, chinnabhinnāni thūlacīvarāni dhārentassa susānarukkhamūlādīsu vasantassa cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti ettha idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ, usukāro viya hi jātijarāmaraṇabhīto yogī daṭṭhabbo, vaṅkakuṭilajimhatejanaṃ viya vaṅkakuṭilajimhacittaṃ, dve alātā viya kāyikacetasikavīriyaṃ, tejanaṃ ujuṃ karontassa kañjikatelaṃ viya saddhā, namanadaṇḍako viya lokuttaramaggo, ussukārassa vaṅkakuṭilajimhatejanaṃ kañjikatelena sinehetvā alātesu tāpetvā namanadaṇḍakena ujukaraṇaṃ viya imassa bhikkhuno vaṅkakuṭilajimhacittaṃ saddhāya sinehetvā kāyikacetasikavīriyena tāpetvā <a name="M4.0010"></a> lokuttaramaggena ujukaraṇaṃ, usukārasseva evaṃ ujukatena tejanena sapattaṃ vijjhitvā sampattianubhavanaṃ viya imassa yogino tathā ujukatena <a name="P4.0015"></a> cittena kilesagaṇaṃ vijjhitvā pāsādike senāsane nirodhavaratalagatassa phalasamāpattisukhānubhavanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Idha tathāgato sukhāpaṭipadākhippābhiññabhikkhuno, dukkhāpaṭipadādandhābhiññabhikkhuno ca paṭipattiyo kathitā, itaresaṃ dvinnaṃ na kathitā, tā kathetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Imāsu vā dvīsu kathitāsu itarāpi kathitāva honti, āgamanīyapaṭipadā pana na kathitā, taṃ kathetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Sahāgamanīyāpi vā paṭipadā kathitāva, adassitaṃ pana ekaṃ buddhuppādaṃ dassetvā ekassa kulaputtassa nikkhamanadesanaṃ arahattena vinivaṭṭessāmīti dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Devadahasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Pañcattayasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para21"></a><a name="para21_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">21</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0010"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti pañcattayasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">eke</span>ti ekacce. <span class="bld">Samaṇabrāhmaṇā</span>ti paribbajupagatabhāvena samaṇā jātiyā brāhmaṇā, lokena vā samaṇāti ca brāhmaṇāti ca evaṃ sammatā. Aparantaṃ kappetvā vikappetvā gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">aparantakappikā</span>. Aparantakappo vā etesaṃ atthītipi aparantakappikā. Ettha <a name="P4.0016"></a> ca <span class="bld">anto</span>ti ‘‘sakkāyo kho, āvuso, eko anto’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 6.61) viya idha koṭṭhāso adhippeto. <span class="bld">Kappo</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhiyo. Vuttampi cetaṃ ‘‘kappoti uddānato dve kappā taṇhākappo ca diṭṭhikappo cā’’ti. Tasmā taṇhādiṭṭhivasena anāgataṃ khandhakoṭṭhāsaṃ kappetvā ṭhitāti aparantakappikāti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Tesaṃ evaṃ aparantaṃ kappetvā ṭhitānaṃ punappunaṃ uppajjanavasena aparantameva anugatā diṭṭhīti <span class="bld">aparantānudiṭṭhino</span>. Te evaṃdiṭṭhino taṃ aparantaṃ ārabbha āgamma paṭicca aññampi janaṃ diṭṭhigatikaṃ karontā <a name="M4.0011"></a> anekavihitāni adhivuttipadāni abhivadanti. <span class="bld">Anekavihitānī</span>ti anekavidhāni. <span class="bld">Adhivuttipadānī</span>ti adhivacanapadāni. Atha vā bhūtamatthaṃ adhibhavitvā yathāsabhāvato aggahetvā vattanato <span class="bld">adhivuttiyo</span>ti diṭṭhiyo vuccanti, adhivuttīnaṃ padāni <span class="bld">adhivuttipadāni,</span> diṭṭhidīpakāni vacanānīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saññī</span>ti saññāsamaṅgī. <span class="bld">Arogo</span>ti nicco. <span class="bld">Ittheke</span>ti itthaṃ eke, evameketi attho. Iminā soḷasa saññīvādā kathitā, <span class="bld">asaññī</span>ti iminā aṭṭha asaññīvādā, <span class="bld">nevasaññīnāsaññī</span>ti iminā aṭṭha nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā, <span class="bld">sato vā pana sattassā</span>ti iminā satta ucchedavādā. Tattha <span class="bld">sato</span>ti vijjamānassa. <span class="bld">Uccheda</span>nti upacchedaṃ. <span class="bld">Vināsa</span>nti adassanaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhava</span>nti bhavavigamaṃ. Sabbānetāni aññamaññavevacanāneva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0017"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti iminā pañca diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādā kathitā. Tattha <span class="bld">diṭṭhadhammo</span>ti paccakkhadhammo vuccati, tattha tattha paṭiladdhaattabhāvassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Diṭṭhadhamme nibbānaṃ diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ, imasmiṃyeva attabhāve dukkhavūpasamanti attho. <span class="bld">Santaṃ vā</span>ti saññītiādivasena tīhākārehi santaṃ. <span class="bld">Tīṇi hontī</span>ti saññī attātiādīni santaattavasena ekaṃ, itarāni dveti evaṃ tīṇi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para22"></a><a name="para22_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">22</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpiṃ</span> <a name="V4.0011"></a> <span class="bld">vā</span>ti karajarūpena vā kasiṇarūpena vā rūpiṃ. Tattha lābhī kasiṇarūpaṃ attāti gaṇhāti, takkī ubhopi rūpāni gaṇhātiyeva. <span class="bld">Arūpi</span>nti arūpasamāpattinimittaṃ vā, ṭhapetvā saññākkhandhaṃ sesaarūpadhamme vā attāti paññapentā lābhinopi takkikāpi evaṃ paññapenti. Tatiyadiṭṭhi pana missakagāhavasena pavattā, catutthā takkagāheneva. Dutiyacatukke paṭhamadiṭṭhi samāpannakavārena kathitā, dutiyadiṭṭhi asamāpannakavārena, tatiyadiṭṭhi suppamattena vā sarāvamattena vā kasiṇaparikammavasena, catutthadiṭṭhi vipulakasiṇavasena kathitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ vā panekesaṃ upātivattata</span>nti saññītipadena saṅkhepato vuttaṃ saññāsattakaṃ atikkantānanti attho. Apare aṭṭhakanti vadanti. Tadubhayaṃ parato āvibhavissati. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – keci hi etā satta <a name="M4.0012"></a> vā aṭṭha vā saññā <a name="P4.0018"></a> samatikkamituṃ sakkonti, keci pana na sakkonti. Tattha ye sakkonti, teva gahitā. Tesaṃ pana ekesaṃ upātivattataṃ atikkamituṃ sakkontānaṃ yathāpi nāma gaṅgaṃ uttiṇṇesu manussesu eko dīghavāpiṃ gantvā tiṭṭheyya, eko tato paraṃ mahāgāmaṃ; evameva eke viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ appamāṇaṃ āneñjanti vatvā tiṭṭhanti, eke ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ. Tattha viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ tāva dassetuṃ <span class="bld">viññāṇakasiṇameke</span>ti vuttaṃ. Parato ‘‘ākiñcaññāyatanameke’’ti vakkhati. <span class="bld">Tayida</span>nti taṃ idaṃ diṭṭhigatañca diṭṭhipaccayañca diṭṭhārammaṇañca. <span class="bld">Tathāgato abhijānātī</span>ti. Iminā paccayena idaṃ nāma dassanaṃ gahitanti abhivisiṭṭhena ñāṇena jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tadeva vitthārento <span class="bld">ye kho te bhonto</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Yā vā pana etāsaṃ saññāna</span>nti yā vā pana etāsaṃ ‘‘yadi rūpasaññāna’’nti evaṃ vuttasaññānaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisuddhā</span>ti nirupakkilesā. <span class="bld">Paramā</span>ti uttamā. <span class="bld">Aggā</span>ti seṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Anuttariyā akkhāyatī</span>ti asadisā kathīyati. <span class="bld">Yadi rūpasaññāna</span>nti iminā catasso rūpāvacarasaññā kathitā. <span class="bld">Yadi arūpasaññāna</span>nti iminā ākāsānañcāyatanaviññāṇañcāyatanasaññā. Itarehi pana dvīhi padehi samāpannakavāro ca asamāpannakavāro ca kathitoti evametā <a name="P4.0019"></a> koṭṭhāsato aṭṭha, atthato pana satta saññā honti. Samāpannakavāro hi purimāhi chahisaṅgahitoyeva. <span class="bld">Tayidaṃ saṅkhata</span>nti taṃ idaṃ sabbampi saññāgataṃ saddhiṃ diṭṭhigatena saṅkhataṃ paccayehi samāgantvā kataṃ. <span class="bld">Oḷārika</span>nti <a name="V4.0012"></a> saṅkhatattāva oḷārikaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthi kho pana saṅkhārānaṃ nirodho</span>ti etesaṃ pana saṅkhatanti vuttānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ nāma atthi. <span class="bld">Atthetanti iti viditvā</span>ti taṃ kho pana nibbānaṃ ‘‘atthi eta’’nti evaṃ jānitvā. <span class="bld">Tassa nissaraṇadassāvī</span>ti tassa saṅkhatassa nissaraṇadassī nibbānadassī. <span class="bld">Tathāgato tadupātivatto</span>ti taṃ saṅkhataṃ atikkanto samatikkantoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para23"></a><a name="para23_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">23</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti tesu aṭṭhasu asaññīvādesu. <span class="bld">Rūpiṃ vā</span>tiādīni saññīvāde vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. Ayañca yasmā asaññīvādo, tasmā idha dutiyacatukkaṃ na vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Paṭikkosantī</span>ti paṭibāhanti paṭisedhenti. <span class="bld">Saññā</span> <a name="M4.0013"></a> <span class="bld">rogo</span>tiādīsu ābādhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rogo,</span> sadosaṭṭhena <span class="bld">gaṇḍo,</span> anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sallaṃ. Āgatiṃ vā gatiṃ vā</span>tiādīsu paṭisandhivasena <span class="bld">āgatiṃ,</span> cutivasena <span class="bld">gatiṃ,</span> cavanavasena <span class="bld">cutiṃ,</span> upapajjanavasena <span class="bld">upapattiṃ,</span> punappunaṃ uppajjitvā aparāparaṃ vaḍḍhanavasena <span class="bld">vuḍḍhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ</span>. Kāmañca <a name="P4.0020"></a> catuvokārabhave rūpaṃ vināpi viññāṇassa pavatti atthi, sese pana tayo khandhe vinā natthi. Ayaṃ pana pañho pañcavokārabhavavasena kathito. Pañcavokāre hi ettake khandhe vinā viññāṇassa pavatti nāma natthi. Vitaṇḍavādī panettha ‘‘aññatra rūpātiādivacanato arūpabhavepi rūpaṃ, asaññābhave ca viññāṇaṃ atthi, tathā nirodhasamāpannassā’’ti vadati. So vattabbo – byañjanacchāyāya ce atthaṃ paṭibāhasi, āgatiṃ vātiādivacanato taṃ viññāṇaṃ pakkhidvipadacatuppadā viya uppatitvāpi gacchati, padasāpi gacchati, govisāṇavalliādīni viya ca vaḍḍhatīti āpajjati. Ye ca bhagavatā anekasatesu suttesu tayo bhavā vuttā, te arūpabhavassa abhāvā dveva āpajjanti. Tasmā mā evaṃ avaca, yathā vuttamatthaṃ dhārehīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para24"></a><a name="para24_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">24</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti aṭṭhasu nevasaññīnāsaññīvādesu bhummaṃ. Idhāpi <span class="bld">rūpiṃ vā</span>tiādīni vuttanayeneva veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Asaññā sammoho</span>ti nissaññabhāvo nāmesa sammohaṭṭhānaṃ. Yo hi kiñci na jānāti, taṃ asaññī esoti vadanti. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbasaṅkhāramattenā</span>ti diṭṭhaviññātabbamattena sutaviññātabbamattena mutaviññātabbamattena. Ettha ca vijānātīti viññātabbaṃ, diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbamattena pañcadvārikasaññāpavattimattenāti ayañhi ettha attho. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāramattenā</span>ti oḷārikasaṅkhārapavattimattenāti attho. <span class="bld">Etassa</span> <a name="P4.0021"></a> <span class="bld">āyatanassā</span>ti etassa nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa<a name="V4.0013"></a>. <span class="bld">Upasampada</span>nti paṭilābhaṃ. <span class="bld">Byasanaṃ heta</span>nti vināso hesa, vuṭṭhānaṃ hetanti attho. Pañcadvārikasaññāpavattañhi oḷārikasaṅkhārapavattaṃ vā appavattaṃ katvā taṃ samāpajjitabbaṃ. Tassa pana pavattena tato vuṭṭhānaṃ hotīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārasamāpattipattabbamakkhāyatī</span>ti oḷārikasaṅkhārapavattiyā pattabbanti na akkhāyati. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārāvasesasamāpattipattabba</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃyeva avasesā bhāvanāvasena sabbasukhumabhāvaṃ pattā saṅkhārā, tesaṃ pavattiyā etaṃ pattabbanti attho. Evarūpesu hi saṅkhāresu pavattesu etaṃ <a name="M4.0014"></a> pattabbaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tayida</span>nti taṃ idaṃ etaṃ sukhumampi samānaṃ saṅkhataṃ saṅkhatattā ca oḷārikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para25"></a><a name="para25_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">25</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti sattasu ucchedavādesu bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Uddhaṃ sara</span>nti uddhaṃ vuccati anāgatasaṃsāravādo, anāgataṃ saṃsāravādaṃ sarantīti attho. <span class="bld">Āsattiṃyeva abhivadanti</span> lagganakaṃyeva vadanti. ‘‘Āsatta’’ntipi pāṭho, taṇhaṃyeva vadantīti attho. <span class="bld">Iti pecca bhavissāmā</span>ti evaṃ pecca bhavissāma. Khattiyā bhavissāma, brāhmaṇā bhavissāmāti evamettha nayo netabbo. <span class="bld">Vāṇijūpamā</span> <a name="P4.0022"></a> <span class="bld">maññe</span>ti vāṇijūpamā viya vāṇijapaṭibhāgā vāṇijasadisā mayhaṃ upaṭṭhahanti. <span class="bld">Sakkāyabhayā</span>ti sakkāyassa bhayā. Te hi yatheva ‘‘cattāro kho, mahārāja, abhayassa bhāyanti. Katame cattāro? Gaṇḍuppādo kho, mahārāja, bhayā pathaviṃ na khādati ‘mā pathavī khiyī’ti, konto kho, mahārāja, ekapādena tiṭṭhati ‘mā pathavī osīdī’ti, kikī kho, mahārāja, uttānā seti ‘mā ambhā undriyī’ti, brāhmaṇadhammiko kho, mahārāja, brahmacariyaṃ na carati ‘mā loko ucchijjī’ti ime cattāro abhayassa bhāyanti, evaṃ sakkāyassa bhāyanti’’. <span class="bld">Sakkāyaparijegucchā</span>ti tameva tebhūmakasaṅkhātaṃ sakkāyaṃ parijigucchamānā. <span class="bld">Sā gaddulabaddho</span>ti daṇḍake rajjuṃ pavesetvā baddhasunakho. <span class="bld">Evamevime</span>ti ettha daḷhatthambho viya khīlo viya ca tebhūmakadhammasaṅkhāto sakkāyo daṭṭhabbo, sā viya diṭṭhigatiko, daṇḍako viya diṭṭhi, rajju viya taṇhā, gaddulena bandhitvā thambhe vā khīle vā upanibaddhasunakhassa attano dhammatāya chinditvā gantuṃ asamatthassa anuparidhāvanaṃ viya diṭṭhigatikassa diṭṭhidaṇḍake pavesitāya taṇhārajjuyā bandhitvā sakkāye upanibaddhassa anuparidhāvanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para26"></a><a name="para26_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">26</span>. <span class="bld">Imāneva pañcāyatanānī</span>ti imāneva pañca kāraṇāni. Iti mātikaṃ ṭhapentenapi pañceva <a name="V4.0014"></a> ṭhapitāni, nigamentenapi pañceva nigamitāni, bhājentena pana cattāri <a name="P4.0023"></a> bhājitāni. Diṭṭhadhammanibbānaṃ kuhiṃ paviṭṭhanti. Ekattanānattavasena dvīsu padesu paviṭṭhanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para27"></a><a name="para27_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">27</span>. Evañca catucattālīsa aparantakappike dassetvā idāni aṭṭhārasa pubbantakappike dassetuṃ <span class="bld">santi, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha atītakoṭṭhāsasaṅkhātaṃ pubbantaṃ kappetvā vikappetvā gaṇhantīti <span class="bld">pubbantakappikā</span>. Pubbantakappo <a name="M4.0015"></a> vā etesaṃ atthīti pubbantakappikā. Evaṃ sesampi pubbe vuttappakāraṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sassato attā ca loko cā</span>ti rūpādīsu aññataraṃ attāti ca lokoti ca gahetvā sassato amaro nicco dhuvoti abhivadanti. Yathāha ‘‘rūpaṃ attā ceva loko ca sassato cāti attānañca lokañca paññapentī’’ti vitthāro. Asassatādīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca paṭhamavādena cattāro sassatavādā vuttā, dutiyavādena satta ucchedavādā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cete heṭṭhā āgatā, idha kasmā puna gahitāti. Heṭṭhā tattha tattha mato tattha tattheva ucchijjatīti dassanatthaṃ āgatā. Idha pana pubbenivāsalābhī diṭṭhigatiko atītaṃ passati, na anāgataṃ, tassa evaṃ hoti ‘‘pubbantato āgato attā idheva ucchijjati, ito paraṃ na gacchatī’’ti imassatthassa dassanatthaṃ gahitā. Tatiyavādena cattāro ekaccasassatavādā vuttā, catutthavādena cattāro amarāvikkhepikā vuttā. <span class="bld">Antavā</span>ti sapariyanto paricchinno parivaṭumo. Avaḍḍhitakasiṇassa <a name="P4.0024"></a> taṃ kasiṇaṃ attāti ca lokoti ca gahetvā evaṃ hoti. Dutiyavādo vaḍḍhitakasiṇassa vasena vutto, tatiyavādo tiriyaṃ vaḍḍhetvā uddhamadho avaḍḍhitakasiṇassa, catutthavādo takkivasena vutto. Anantaracatukkaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekantasukhī</span>ti nirantarasukhī. Ayaṃ diṭṭhi lābhījātissaratakkīnaṃ vasena uppajjati. Lābhino hi pubbenivāsañāṇena khattiyādikule ekantasukhameva attano jātiṃ anussarantassa evaṃ diṭṭhi uppajjati. Tathā jātissarassa paccuppannaṃ sukhamanubhavato atītāsu sattasu jātīsu tādisameva attabhāvaṃ anussarantassa. Takkissa pana idha sukhasamaṅgino ‘‘atītepāhaṃ evameva ahosi’’nti takkeneva uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekantadukkhī</span>ti <a name="V4.0015"></a> ayaṃ diṭṭhi lābhino nuppajjati. So hi ekanteneva idha jhānasukhena sukhī hoti. Idha dukkhena phuṭṭhassa pana jātissarassa takkisseva ca sā uppajjati. Tatiyā idha vokiṇṇasukhadukkhānaṃ sabbesampi tesaṃ uppajjati, tathā catutthā diṭṭhi. Lābhino hi idāni catutthajjhānavasena adukkhamasukhassa, pubbe catutthajjhānikameva brahmalokaṃ anussarantassa<a name="M4.0016"></a>. Jātissarassāpi paccuppanne majjhattassa, anussarantassāpi majjhattabhūtaṭṭhānameva anussarantassa, takkinopi paccuppanne majjhattassa, atītepi evaṃ bhavissatīti takkeneva gaṇhantassa esā diṭṭhi uppajjati. Ettāvatā cattāro sassatavādā, cattāro ekaccasassatikā, cattāro antānantikā, cattāro amarāvikkhepikā<a name="P4.0025"></a>, dve adhicca-samuppannikāti aṭṭhārasapi pubbantakappikā kathitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para28"></a><a name="para28_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">28</span>. Idāni diṭṭhuddhāraṃ uddharanto <span class="bld">tatra, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">paccattaṃyeva ñāṇa</span>nti paccakkhañāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyodāta</span>nti pabhassaraṃ. Sabbapadehi vipassanāñāṇaṃyeva kathitaṃ. Saddhādayo hi pañca dhammā bāhirasamayasmimpi honti, vipassanāñāṇaṃ sāsanasmiṃyeva. <span class="bld">Tattha ñāṇabhāgamattameva pariyodapentī</span>ti mayamidaṃ jānāmāti evaṃ tattha ñāṇakoṭṭhāsaṃ otārentiyeva. <span class="bld">Upādānamakkhāyatī</span>ti na taṃ ñāṇaṃ, micchādassanaṃ nāmetaṃ, tasmā tadapi tesaṃ bhavantānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ akkhāyatīti attho. Athāpi taṃ jānanamattalakkhaṇattā ñāṇabhāgamattameva, tathāpi tassa dassanassa anupātivattanato upādānapaccayato ca upādānameva. <span class="bld">Tadupātivatto</span>ti taṃ diṭṭhiṃ atikkanto. Ettāvatā cattāro sassatavādā, cattāro ekaccasassatikā, cattāro antānantikā, cattāro amarāvikkhepikā, dve adhiccasamuppannikā, soḷasa saññīvādā, aṭṭha asaññīvādā, aṭṭha nevasaññīnāsaññīvādā, satta ucchedavādā, pañca diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādāti brahmajāle āgatā dvāsaṭṭhipi diṭṭhiyo kathitā honti. Brahmajāle pana kathite idaṃ suttaṃ akathitameva hoti. Kasmā? Idha tato atirekāya sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā āgatattā. Imasmiṃ pana kathite brahmajālaṃ kathitameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para30"></a><a name="para30_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">30</span>. Idāni imā dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo uppajjamānā sakkāyadiṭṭhipamukheneva uppajjantīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">idha, bhikkhave, ekacco</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P4.0026"></a> <span class="bld">paṭinissaggā</span>ti pariccāgena. <span class="bld">Kāmasaṃyojanānaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0016"></a> <span class="bld">anadhiṭṭhānā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇataṇhānaṃ nissaṭṭhattā. <span class="bld">Pavivekaṃ pīti</span>nti sappītikajjhānadvayapītiṃ. <span class="bld">Nirujjhatī</span>ti jhānanirodhena nirujjhati. Samāpattito pana vuṭṭhitassa niruddhā nāma hoti. Yatheva <a name="M4.0017"></a> hi ‘‘adukkhamasukhāya vedanāya nirodhā uppajjati nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ, nirāmisasukhassa nirodhā uppajjati adukkhamasukhā vedanā’’ti ettha na ayamattho hoti – catutthajjhānanirodhā tatiyajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharatīti. Ayaṃ panettha attho – catutthajjhānā vuṭṭhāya tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjati, tatiyajjhānā vuṭṭhāya catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajjatīti, evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Uppajjati domanassa</span>nti hīnajjhānapariyādānakadomanassaṃ. Samāpattito vuṭṭhitacittassa pana kammanīyabhāvo kathito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavivekā pītī</span>ti sā eva jhānadvayapīti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ chāyā jahatī</span>ti yaṃ ṭhānaṃ chāyā jahati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yasmiṃ ṭhāne chāyā atthi, tasmiṃ ātapo natthi. Yasmiṃ ātapo atthi, tasmiṃ chāyā natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para31"></a><a name="para31_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">31</span>. <span class="bld">Nirāmisaṃ sukha</span>nti tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para32"></a><a name="para32_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">32</span>. <span class="bld">Adukkhamasukha</span>nti catutthajjhānavedanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para33"></a><a name="para33_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">33</span>. <span class="bld">Anupādānohamasmī</span>ti niggahaṇo ahamasmi. <span class="bld">Nibbānasappāya</span>nti nibbānassa sappāyaṃ upakārabhūtaṃ<a name="P4.0027"></a>. Nanu ca maggadassanaṃ nāma sabbattha nikantiyā sukkhāpitāya uppajjati, kathametaṃ nibbānassa upakārapaṭipadā nāma jātanti, sabbattha anupādiyanavasena aggaṇhanavasena upakārapaṭipadā nāma jātaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhivadatī</span>ti abhimānena upavadati. <span class="bld">Pubbantānudiṭṭhi</span>nti aṭṭhārasavidhampi pubbantānudiṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Aparantānudiṭṭhi</span>nti catucattārīsavidhampi aparantānudiṭṭhiṃ. <span class="bld">Upādānamakkhāyatī</span>ti ahamasmīti gahaṇassa sakkāyadiṭṭhipariyāpannattā diṭṭhupādānaṃ akkhāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Santivarapada</span>nti vūpasantakilesattā santaṃ uttamapadaṃ. <span class="bld">Channaṃ phassāyatanāna</span>nti bhagavatā ‘‘yattha <a name="V4.0017"></a> cakkhu ca nirujjhati rūpasaññā ca nirujjhati so āyatano veditabbo’’ti ettha dvinnaṃ āyatanānaṃ paṭikkhepena nibbānaṃ dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yattha āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Ato sarā nivattanti, ettha vaṭṭaṃ na vattati;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ettha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.27) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Ettha pana saṅkhārapaṭikkhepena nibbānaṃ dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Kattha <a name="M4.0018"></a><a name="P4.0028"></a> āpo ca pathavī, tejo vāyo na gādhati;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Kattha dīghañca rassañca, aṇuṃ thūlaṃ subhāsubhaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti. (dī. ni. 1.498);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatra veyyākaraṇaṃ bhavati –</p>
<p class="gathalast">‘‘Viññāṇaṃ anidassanaṃ, anantaṃ sabbato pabha’’nti –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha saṅkhārapaṭikkhepena nibbānaṃ dassitaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana sutte chaāyatanapaṭikkhepena dassitaṃ. Aññattha ca <span class="bld">anupādāvimokkho</span>ti nibbānameva dassitaṃ, idha pana arahattaphalasamāpatti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcattayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Kintisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para34"></a><a name="para34_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">34</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0018"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti kintisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pisinārāya</span>nti evaṃnāmake maṇḍalapadese. <span class="bld">Baliharaṇe</span>ti tasmiṃ vanasaṇḍe bhūtānaṃ baliṃ āharanti, tasmā so baliharaṇanti vutto. <span class="bld">Cīvarahetū</span>ti cīvarakāraṇā, cīvaraṃ paccāsīsamānoti attho. <span class="bld">Itibhavābhavahetū</span>ti evaṃ imaṃ desanāmayaṃ puññakiriyavatthuṃ nissāya tasmiṃ tasmiṃ bhave sukhaṃ vedissāmīti dhammaṃ desetīti kiṃ tumhākaṃ evaṃ hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para35"></a><a name="para35_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">35</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā</span>tiādayo sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā lokiyalokuttarāva kathitā. <span class="bld">Tatthā</span>ti <a name="P4.0029"></a> tesu sattatiṃsāya dhammesu. <span class="bld">Siyaṃsū</span>ti bhaveyyuṃ. <span class="bld">Abhidhamme</span>ti visiṭṭhe dhamme, imesu sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammesūti attho. <span class="bld">Tatra ce</span>ti idampi bodhipakkhiyadhammesveva bhummaṃ. <span class="bld">Atthato ceva nānaṃ byañjanato cā</span>ti ettha ‘‘kāyova satipaṭṭhānaṃ vedanāva satipaṭṭhāna’’nti vutte atthato nānaṃ hoti<a name="M4.0019"></a>, ‘‘satipaṭṭhānā’’ti vutte pana byañjanato nānaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Tadamināpī</span>ti taṃ tumhe imināpi kāraṇena jānāthāti atthañca byañjanañca samānetvā athassa ca aññathā gahitabhāvo byañjanassa ca micchā ropitabhāvo dassetabbo. <span class="bld">Yo dhammo yo vinayo</span>ti ettha atthañca byañjanañca viññāpanakāraṇameva dhammo ca vinayo ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para37"></a><a name="para37_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">37</span>. <span class="bld">Atthato hi kho sametī</span>ti satiyeva satipaṭṭhānanti gahitā. <span class="bld">Byañjanato nāna</span>nti kevalaṃ byañjanameva satipaṭṭhānoti vā satipaṭṭhānāti vā micchā ropetha. <span class="bld">Appamattakaṃ kho</span>ti suttantaṃ patvā byañjanaṃ appamattakaṃ nāma hoti. Parittamattaṃ dhanitaṃ katvā ropitepi hi nibbutiṃ pattuṃ sakkā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu – vijayārāmavihāravāsī kireko khīṇāsavatthero dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ suttaṃ āharitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathento – ‘‘samuddho samuddhoti, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano bhāsatī’’ti dhanitaṃ katvā āha. Eko bhikkhu ‘‘samuddho nāma, bhante’’ti <a name="P4.0030"></a> āha. Āvuso, samuddhoti <a name="V4.0019"></a> vuttepi samuddoti vuttepi mayaṃ loṇasāgarameva jānāma, tumhe pana no atthagavesakā, byañjanagavesakā, gacchatha mahāvihāre paguṇabyañjanānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike byañjanaṃ sodhāpethāti kammaṭṭhānaṃ akathetvāva uṭṭhāpesi. So aparabhāge mahāvihāre bheriṃ paharāpetvā bhikkhusaṅghassa catūsu maggesu pañhaṃ kathetvāva parinibbuto. Evaṃ suttantaṃ patvā byañjanaṃ appamattakaṃ nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinayaṃ pana patvā no appamattakaṃ. Sāmaṇerapabbajjāpi hi ubhatosuddhito vaṭṭati, upasampadādikammānipi sithilādīnaṃ dhanitādikaraṇamatteneva kuppanti. Idha pana suttantabyañjanaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para38"></a><a name="para38_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">38</span>. Atha catutthavāre vivādo kasmā? Saññāya vivādo. ‘‘Ahaṃ satimeva satipaṭṭhānaṃ vadāmi, ayaṃ ‘kāyo satipaṭṭhāna’nti vadatī’’ti hi nesaṃ saññā hoti. Byañjanepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para39"></a><a name="para39_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">39</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M4.0020"></a> <span class="bld">codanāya taritabba</span>nti na codanatthāya vegāyitabbaṃ. Ekacco hi puggalo ‘‘nalāṭe te sāsapamattā piḷakā’’ti vutto ‘‘mayhaṃ nalāṭe sāsapamattaṃ piḷakaṃ passasi, attano nalāṭe tālapakkamattaṃ mahāgaṇḍaṃ na passasī’’ti vadati. Tasmā puggalo upaparikkhitabbo. <span class="bld">Adaḷhadiṭṭhī</span>ti anādānadiṭṭhī suṃsumāraṃ hadaye pakkhipanto viya daḷhaṃ na gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upaghāto</span>ti caṇḍabhāvena vaṇaghaṭṭitassa viya dukkhuppatti. <span class="bld">Suppaṭinissaggī</span>ti <a name="P4.0031"></a> ‘‘kiṃ nāma ahaṃ āpanno, kadā āpanno’’ti vā ‘‘tvaṃ āpanno, tava upajjhāyo āpanno’’ti vā ekaṃ dve vāre vatvāpi ‘‘asukaṃ nāma asukadivase nāma, bhante, āpannattha, saṇikaṃ anussarathā’’ti saritvā tāvadeva vissajjeti. <span class="bld">Vihesā</span>ti bahuṃ atthañca kāraṇañca āharantassa kāyacittakilamatho. <span class="bld">Sakkomī</span>ti evarūpo hi puggalo okāsaṃ kāretvā ‘‘āpattiṃ āpannattha, bhante’’ti vutto ‘‘kadā kismiṃ vatthusmi’’nti vatvā ‘‘asukadivase asukasmiṃ vatthusmi’’nti vutte ‘‘na sarāmi, āvuso’’ti vadati, tato ‘‘saṇikaṃ, bhante, sarathā’’ti <a name="V4.0020"></a> bahuṃ vatvā sārito saritvā vissajjeti. Tenāha ‘‘sakkomī’’ti. Iminā nayena sabbattha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upekkhā nātimaññitabbā</span>ti upekkhā na atikkamitabbā, kattabbā janetabbāti attho. Yo hi evarūpaṃ puggalaṃ ṭhitakaṃyeva passāvaṃ karontaṃ disvāpi ‘‘nanu, āvuso, nisīditabba’’nti vadati, so upekkhaṃ atimaññati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para40"></a><a name="para40_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">40</span>. <span class="bld">Vacīsaṃhāro</span>ti vacanasañcāro. Imehi kathitaṃ amūsaṃ antaraṃ paveseyya, tumhe imehi idañcidañca vuttāti amūhi kathitaṃ imesaṃ antaraṃ paveseyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhipaḷāso</span>tiādīhi cittassa anārādhaniyabhāvo kathito. <span class="bld">Taṃ jānamāno samāno garaheyyā</span>ti taṃ satthā jānamāno samāno nindeyya amheti. <span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0032"></a> <span class="bld">panāvuso, dhamma</span>nti etaṃ kalahabhaṇḍanadhammaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tañce</span>ti <a name="M4.0021"></a> taṃ saññattikārakaṃ bhikkhuṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ byākareyyā</span>ti mayā ete suddhante patiṭṭhāpitāti avatvā yena kāraṇena saññatti katā, tadeva dassento evaṃ byākareyya. <span class="bld">Tāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">dhammo</span>ti sāraṇīyadhammo adhippeto. <span class="bld">Na ceva attāna</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘brahmalokappamāṇo hesa aggi uṭṭhāsi, ko etamaññatra mayā nibbāpetuṃ samattho’’ti hi vadanto attānaṃ ukkaṃseti nāma. ‘‘Ettakā janā vicaranti, okāso laddhuṃ na sakkā, ekopi ettakamattaṃ nibbāpetuṃ samattho nāma natthī’’ti vadamāno paraṃ vambheti nāma. Tadubhayampesa na karoti. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span> panettha sammāsambuddhassa byākaraṇaṃ, tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ saññattikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">anudhammo,</span> tadeva <span class="bld">byākaroti nāma. Na ca koci sahadhammiko</span>ti añño cassa koci sahetuko parehi vutto vādo vā anuvādo vā garahitabbabhāvaṃ āgacchanto nāma natthi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Kintisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sāmagāmasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para41"></a><a name="para41_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">41</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0021"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sāmagāmasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sāmagāme</span>ti sāmākānaṃ ussannattā evaṃladdhanāme gāme. <span class="bld">Adhunā kālaṅkato</span>ti sampati kālaṃ kato. <span class="bld">Dvedhikajātā</span>ti <a name="P4.0033"></a> dvejjhajātā dvebhāgajātā. Bhaṇḍanādīsu <span class="bld">bhaṇḍanaṃ</span> pubbabhāgakalaho, taṃ daṇḍādānādivasena paṇṇattivītikkamavasena ca vaddhitaṃ <span class="bld">kalaho,</span> ‘‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsī’’tiādikaṃ viruddhavacanaṃ <span class="bld">vivādo. Vitudantā</span>ti vitujjantā. <span class="bld">Sahitaṃ me</span>ti mama vacanaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhiciṇṇaṃ te viparāvatta</span>nti yaṃ tava adhiciṇṇaṃ cirakālasevanavasena paguṇaṃ, taṃ mama vādaṃ āgamma nivattaṃ. <span class="bld">Āropito te vādo</span>ti tuyhaṃ upari mayā doso āropito. <span class="bld">Cara vādappamokkhāyā</span>ti bhattapuṭaṃ ādāya taṃ taṃ upasaṅkamitvā vādappamokkhatthāya uttari <a name="M4.0022"></a> pariyesamāno cara. <span class="bld">Nibbeṭhehi vā</span>ti atha mayā āropitavādato attānaṃ mocehi. <span class="bld">Sace pahosī</span>ti sace sakkosi. <span class="bld">Vadhoyevā</span>ti maraṇameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāṭaputtiyesū</span>ti nāṭaputtassa antevāsikesu. <span class="bld">Nibbinnarūpā</span>ti <a name="P4.0034"></a> ukkaṇṭhitasabhāvā, abhivādanādīni na karonti. <span class="bld">Virattarūpā</span>ti vigatapemā. <span class="bld">Paṭivānarūpā</span>ti tesaṃ nipaccakiriyato nivattasabhāvā. <span class="bld">Yathā ta</span>nti yathā ca durakkhātādisabhāve dhammavinaye nibbinnavirattapaṭivānarūpehi bhavitabbaṃ, tatheva jātāti attho. <span class="bld">Durakkhāte</span>ti dukkathite. <span class="bld">Duppavedite</span>ti duviññāpite. <span class="bld">Anupasamasaṃvattanike</span>ti rāgādīnaṃ upasamaṃ kātuṃ asamattho. <span class="bld">Bhinnathūpe</span>ti bhinnapatiṭṭhe. Ettha hi nāṭaputtova nesaṃ patiṭṭhena thūpo, so pana bhinno mato. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘bhinnathūpe’’ti. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaraṇe</span>ti tasseva abhāvena paṭisaraṇavirahite.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu cāyaṃ nāṭaputto nāḷandavāsiko, so kasmā pāvāyaṃ kālaṃkatoti. So kira upālinā gahapatinā paṭividdhasaccena dasahi gāthāhi bhāsite buddhaguṇe sutvā uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ chaḍḍesi. Atha naṃ aphāsukaṃ gahetvā pāvaṃ agamaṃsu, so tattha kālamakāsi. Kālaṃ kurumāno ca ‘‘mama laddhi aniyyānikā sārarahitā, mayaṃ tāva naṭṭhā, avasesajano mā apāyapūrako ahosi<a name="V4.0022"></a>. Sace panāhaṃ ‘mama sāsanaṃ aniyyānika’nti vakkhāmi, na saddahissanti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ dvepi jane na ekanīhārena uggaṇhāpeyyaṃ, te mamaccayena aññamaññaṃ vivadissanti. Satthā taṃ vivādaṃ paṭicca ekaṃ dhammakathaṃ kathessati, tato te sāsanassa mahantabhāvaṃ jātissantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha naṃ eko antevāsiko upasaṅkamitvā āha <a name="P4.0035"></a> ‘‘bhante, tumhe dubbalā, mayhaṃ imasmiṃ dhamme sāraṃ ācikkhatha ācariyappamāṇa’’nti. Āvuso, tvaṃ mamaccayena sassatanti gaṇheyyāsīti. Aparopi taṃ upasaṅkami, taṃ ucchedaṃ gaṇhāpesi. Evaṃ dvepi jane ekaladdhike akatvā bahū nānānīhārena uggaṇhāpetvā kālamakāsi. Te tassa sarīrakiccaṃ katvā sannipatitvā aññamaññaṃ pucchiṃsu ‘‘kassāvuso, ācariyo sāramācikkhī’’ti? Eko uṭṭhahitvā mayhanti āha. Kiṃ ācikkhīti? Sassatanti. Aparo taṃ paṭibāhitvā mayhaṃ sāraṃ ācikkhīti āha. Evaṃ sabbe ‘‘mayhaṃ sāraṃ ācikkhi, ahaṃ jeṭṭhako’’ti aññamaññaṃ vivādaṃ vaḍḍhetvā akkose <a name="M4.0023"></a> ceva paribhāse ca hatthapādapahārādīni ca pavattetvā ekamaggena dve agacchantā nānādisāsu pakkamiṃsu, ekacce gihī ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavato pana dharamānakālepi bhikkhusaṅghe vivādo na uppajji. Satthā hi tesaṃ vivādakāraṇe uppannamatteyeva sayaṃ vā gantvā te vā bhikkhū pakkosāpetvā khanti mettā paṭisaṅkhā avihiṃsā sāraṇīyadhammesu ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ kathetvā vivādaṃ vūpasameti. Evaṃ dharamānopi saṅghassa patiṭṭhāva ahosi. Parinibbāyamānopi avivādakāraṇaṃ katvāva parinibbāyi. Bhagavatā hi sutte desitā cattāro mahāpadesā (a. ni. 4.180; dī. ni. 2.187) yāvajjadivasā bhikkhūnaṃ patiṭṭhā ca avassayo ca. Tathā khandhake desitā cattāro mahāpadesā (mahāva. 305) sutte vuttāni cattāri pañhabyākaraṇāni (a. ni. 4.42) ca. Tenevāha – ‘‘yo vo mayā, ānanda, dhammo ca vinayo ca desito paññatto, so vo mamaccayena satthā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.216).</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para42"></a><a name="para42_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">42</span>. <span class="bld">Atha</span> <a name="P4.0036"></a> <span class="bld">kho cundo samaṇuddeso</span>ti ayaṃ thero dhammasenāpatissa kaniṭṭhabhātiko. Taṃ bhikkhū anupasampannakāle cundo samaṇuddesoti samudācaritvā therakālepi tatheva samudācariṃsu. Tena <a name="V4.0023"></a> vuttaṃ ‘‘cundo samaṇuddeso’’ti. <span class="bld">Upasaṅkamī</span>ti kasmā upasaṅkami? Nāṭaputte kira kālaṃkate jambudīpe manussā tattha tattha kathaṃ pavattayiṃsu – ‘‘nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto eko satthāti paññāyittha, tassa kālakiriyāya sāvakānaṃ evarūpo vivādo jāto, samaṇo pana gotamo jambudīpe cando viya sūriyo viya ca pākaṭoyeva, kīdiso nu kho samaṇe gotame parinibbute sāvakānaṃ vivādo bhavissatī’’ti. Thero taṃ kathaṃ sutvā cintesi – ‘‘imaṃ kathaṃ gahetvā dasabalassa ārocessāmi, satthā ca etaṃ atthuppattiṃ katvā ekaṃ desanaṃ kathessatī’’ti. So nikkhamitvā yena sāmagāmo, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami. Ujumeva bhagavato santikaṃ agantvā yenassa upajjhāyo āyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamīti attho. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘upajjhāyo me mahāpañño, so imaṃ sāsanaṃ <a name="M4.0024"></a> satthu ārocessati, atha satthā tadanurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desessatī’’ti. <span class="bld">Kathāpābhata</span>nti kathāmūlaṃ, mūlañhi pābhatanti vuccati. Yathāha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Appakenapi medhāvī, pābhatena vicakkhaṇo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samuṭṭhāpeti attānaṃ, aṇuṃ aggiṃva sandhama’’nti. (jā. 2.1.4);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanāyā</span>ti dassanatthāya. Kiṃ paniminā bhagavā na diṭṭhapubboti? No na diṭṭhapubbo, ayañhi āyasmā divā nava vāre rattiṃ nava vāreti ekāhaṃ <a name="P4.0037"></a> aṭṭhārasa vāre upaṭṭhānameva gacchati. Divasassa pana satakkhattuṃ vā sahassakkhattuṃ vā gantukāmo samānopi na akāraṇā gacchati, ekaṃ pañhuddhāraṃ gahetvāva gacchati. So taṃdivasaṃ tena gantukāmo evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ahitāya dukkhāya devamanussāna</span>nti ekasmiṃ vihāre saṅghamajjhe uppanno vivādo kathaṃ devamanussānaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattati? Kosambakakkhandhake (mahāva. 451) viya hi dvīsu bhikkhūsu vivādaṃ āpannesu tasmiṃ vihāre tesaṃ antevāsikā vivadanti, tesaṃ ovādaṃ gaṇhanto bhikkhunisaṅgho vivadati, tato tesaṃ upaṭṭhākā vivadanti, atha manussānaṃ ārakkhadevatā dve koṭṭhāsā honti. Tattha dhammavādīnaṃ ārakkhadevatā dhammavādiniyo honti, adhammavādīnaṃ adhammavādiniyo honti. Tato tāsaṃ ārakkhadevatānaṃ mittā bhummadevatā bhijjanti. Evaṃ paramparāya yāva brahmalokā ṭhapetvā ariyasāvake sabbe devamanussā dve koṭṭhāsā <a name="V4.0024"></a> honti. Dhammavādīhi pana adhammavādinova bahutarā honti, tato yaṃ bahūhi gahitaṃ, taṃ gaṇhanti. Dhammaṃ vissajjetvā bahutarāva adhammaṃ gaṇhanti. Te adhammaṃ pūretvā viharantā apāye nibbattanti. Evaṃ ekasmiṃ vihāre saṅghamajjhe uppanno vivādo bahūnaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para43"></a><a name="para43_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">43</span>. <span class="bld">Abhiññā desitā</span>ti mahābodhimūle nisinnena paccakkhaṃ katvā paveditā. <span class="bld">Patissayamānarūpā viharantī</span>ti upanissāya viharanti. <span class="bld">Bhagavato</span> <a name="P4.0038"></a> <span class="bld">accayenā</span>ti etarahi bhagavantaṃ jeṭṭhakaṃ katvā sagāravā viharanti, tumhākaṃ, bhante, uggatejatāya durāsadatāya vivādaṃ janetuṃ na <a name="M4.0025"></a> sakkonti, bhagavato pana accayena vivādaṃ janeyyunti vadati. Yattha pana taṃ vivādaṃ janeyyuṃ, taṃ dassento <span class="bld">ajjhājīve vā adhipātimokkhe vā</span>ti āha. Tattha <span class="bld">ajjhājīve</span>ti ājīvahetu ājīvakāraṇā – ‘‘bhikkhu uttarimanussadhammaṃ ullapati āpatti pārājikassā’’tiādinā (pari. 287) nayena parivāre paññattāni cha sikkhāpadāni, tāni ṭhapetvā sesāni sabbasikkhāpadāni <span class="bld">adhipātimokkhaṃ</span> nāma. <span class="bld">Appamattako so ānandā</span>ti ajjhājīvaṃ adhipātimokkhañca ārabbha uppannavivādo nāma yasmā parassa kathāyapi attano dhammatāyapi sallakkhetvā suppajaho hoti, tasmā ‘‘appamattako’’ti vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ nayo – idhekacco ‘‘na sakkā uttarimanussadhammaṃ anullapantena kiñci laddhu’’ntiādīni cintetvā ājīvahetu uttarimanussadhammaṃ vā ullapati sañcarittaṃ vā āpajjati, yo te vihāre vasati, so bhikkhu arahātiādinā nayena sāmantajappanaṃ vā karoti, agilāno vā attano atthāya paṇītabhojanāni viññāpetvā bhuñjati, bhikkhunī vā pana tāni viññāpetvā pāṭidesanīyaṃ āpajjati, yo koci dukkaṭavatthukaṃ yaṃkiñci sūpodanaviññattimeva vā karoti, aññataraṃ vā pana paṇṇattivītikkamaṃ karonto viharati, tamenaṃ sabrahmacārī evaṃ sañjānanti – ‘‘kiṃ imassa iminā lābhena laddhena, yo sāsane pabbajitvā micchājīvena jīvikaṃ kappeti, paṇṇattivītikkamaṃ karotī’’ti. Attano dhammatāyapissa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘kissa mayhaṃ iminā lābhena, yvāhaṃ evaṃ <a name="P4.0039"></a> svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitvā micchājīvena jīvikaṃ kappemi, paṇṇattivītikkamaṃ karomī’’ti sallakkhetvā <a name="V4.0025"></a> tato oramati. Evaṃ parassa kathāyapi attano dhammatāyapi sallakkhetvā suppajaho hoti. Tena bhagavā ‘‘appamattako’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Magge vā hi, ānanda, paṭipadāya vā</span>ti lokuttaramaggaṃ patvā vivādo nāma sabbaso vūpasammati, natthi adhigatamaggānaṃ vivādo. Pubbabhāgamaggaṃ pana pubbabhāgapaṭipadañca sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ nayo – evaṃ bhikkhuṃ manussā lokuttaradhamme sambhāventi. So saddhivihārikādayo āgantvā vanditvā ṭhite pucchati ‘‘kiṃ āgatatthā’’ti. Manasikātabbakammaṭṭhānaṃ pucchituṃ, bhanteti. Nisīdatha, khaṇeneva <a name="M4.0026"></a> arahattaṃ pāpetuṃ samatthakammaṭṭhānakathaṃ ācikkhissāmīti vatvā vadati – ‘‘idha bhikkhu attano vasanaṭṭhānaṃ pavisitvā nisinno mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karoti, tassa taṃ manasikaroto obhāso uppajjati. Ayaṃ paṭhamamaggo nāma. So dutiyaṃ obhāsañāṇaṃ nibbatteti, dutiyamaggo adhigato hoti, evaṃ tatiyañca catutthañca. Ettāvatā maggappatto ceva phalappatto ca hotī’’ti. Atha te bhikkhū ‘‘akhīṇāsavo nāma evaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathetuṃ na sakkoti, addhāyaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti niṭṭhaṃ gacchanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So aparena samayena kālaṃ karoti. Samantā bhikkhācāragāmehi manussā āgantvā pucchanti ‘‘kenaci, bhante, thero pañhaṃ pucchito’’ti. Upāsakā pubbeva therena pañho kathito amhākanti. Te pupphamaṇḍapaṃ pupphakūṭāgāraṃ sajjetvā suvaṇṇena akkhipidhānamukhapidhānādiṃ karitvā gandhamālādīhi pūjetvā sattāhaṃ sādhukīḷikaṃ <a name="P4.0040"></a> kīḷetvā jhāpetvā aṭṭhīni ādāya cetiyaṃ karonti. Aññe āgantukā vihāraṃ āgantvā pāde dhovitvā ‘‘mahātheraṃ passissāma, kahaṃ, āvuso, mahāthero’’ti pucchanti. Parinibbuto, bhanteti. Dukkaraṃ, āvuso, therena kataṃ maggaphalāni nibbattentena, pañhaṃ pucchittha, āvusoti. Bhikkhūnaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathento iminā niyāmena kathesi, bhanteti. Na eso, āvuso, maggo, vipassanupakkileso nāmesa, na tumhe jānittha, puthujjano, āvuso, theroti. Te kalahaṃ karontā uṭṭhahitvā ‘‘sakalavihāre bhikkhū ca bhikkhācāragāmesu manussā ca na jānanti, tumheyeva jānātha. Kataramaggena tumhe āgatā, kiṃ <a name="V4.0026"></a> vo vihāradvāre cetiyaṃ na diṭṭha’’nti. Evaṃvādīnaṃ pana bhikkhūnaṃ sataṃ vā, hotu sahassaṃ vā, yāva taṃ laddhiṃ nappajahanti, saggopi maggopi vāritoyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparopi tādisova kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathento evaṃ katheti – citteneva tīsu uddhanesu tīṇi kapallāni āropetvā heṭṭhā aggiṃ katvā citteneva attano dvattiṃsākāraṃ uppāṭetvā kapallesu pakkhipitvā citteneva daṇḍakena parivattetvā parivattetvā bhajjitabbaṃ, yā jhāyamāne chārikā hoti, sā mukhavātena palāsetabbā. Ettakena dhūtapāpo nāmesa samaṇo hoti. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparo <a name="M4.0027"></a> evaṃ katheti – citteneva mahācāṭiṃ ṭhapetvā matthuṃ yojetvā citteneva attano dvattiṃsākāraṃ uppāṭetvā tattha pakkhipitvā matthuṃ otāretvā manthitabbaṃ. Mathiyamānaṃ vilīyati, vilīne upari pheṇo uggacchati. So pheṇo paribhuñjitabbo. Ettāvatā vo amataṃ paribhuttaṃ nāma bhavissati<a name="P4.0041"></a>. Ito paraṃ ‘‘atha te bhikkhū’’tiādi sabbaṃ purimanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para44"></a><a name="para44_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">44</span>. Idāni yo evaṃ vivādo uppajjeyya, tassa mūlaṃ dassento <span class="bld">chayimānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">agāravo</span>ti gāravavirahito. <span class="bld">Appatisso</span>ti appatissayo anīcavutti. Ettha pana yo bhikkhu satthari dharamāne tīsu kālesu upaṭṭhānaṃ na yāti, satthari anupāhane caṅkamante saupāhano caṅkamati, nīce caṅkame caṅkamante ucce caṅkame caṅkamati, heṭṭhā vasante upari vasati, satthu dassanaṭṭhāne ubho aṃse pārupati, chattaṃ dhāreti, upāhanaṃ dhāreti, nhānatitthe uccāraṃ vā passāvaṃ vā karoti, parinibbute vā pana cetiyaṃ vandituṃ na gacchati, cetiyassa paññāyanaṭṭhāne satthudassanaṭṭhāne vuttaṃ sabbaṃ karoti, aññehi ca bhikkhūhi ‘‘kasmā evaṃ karosi, na idaṃ vaṭṭati, sammāsabuddhassa nāma lajjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vutte ‘‘tūṇhī hoti, kiṃ buddho buddhoti vadasī’’ti bhaṇati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">satthari agāravo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana dhammassavane saṅghuṭṭhe sakkaccaṃ na gacchati, sakkaccaṃ dhammaṃ na suṇāti, niddāyati vā sallapento vā nisīdati, sakkaccaṃ na gaṇhāti na dhāreti, ‘‘kiṃ dhamme agāravaṃ <a name="V4.0027"></a> karosī’’ti vutte ‘‘tuṇhī hoti, dhammo dhammoti vadasi, kiṃ dhammo nāmā’’ti vadati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">dhamme agāravo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo pana therena bhikkhunā anajjhiṭṭho dhammaṃ deseti, nisīdati pañhaṃ katheti, vuḍḍhe bhikkhū ghaṭṭento gacchati, tiṭṭhati nisīdati, dussapallatthikaṃ vā hatthapallatthikaṃ vā karoti, saṅghamajjhe ubho aṃse pārupati, chattupāhanaṃ dhāreti, ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghassa lajjituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vuttepi ‘‘tuṇhī hoti, saṅgho saṅghoti vadasi, kiṃ saṅgho, migasaṅgho ajasaṅgho’’tiādīni vadati, ayaṃ <span class="bld">saṅghe agāravo</span> nāma. Ekabhikkhusmimpi hi agārave <a name="P4.0042"></a> kate saṅghe <a name="M4.0028"></a> katoyeva hoti. Tisso sikkhā pana aparipūrayamānova <span class="bld">sikkhāya na paripūrakārī</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ vā</span>ti attani vā attano parisāya vā. <span class="bld">Bāhiddhā</span>ti parasmiṃ vā parassa parisāya vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para46"></a><a name="para46_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">46</span>. Idāni ayaṃ cha ṭhānāni nissāya uppannavivādo vaḍḍhanto yāni adhikaraṇāni pāpuṇāti, tāni dassetuṃ <span class="bld">cattārimānī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha vūpasamanatthāya pavattamānehi samathehi adhikātabbānīti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇāni</span>. Vivādova adhikaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">vivādādhikaraṇaṃ</span>. Itaresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni imānipi cattāri adhikaraṇāni patvā upari vaḍḍhento so vivādo yehi samathehi vūpasammati, tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">satta kho panime</span>tiādimāha. Tattha adhikaraṇāni samenti vūpasamentīti <span class="bld">adhikaraṇasamathā. Uppannuppannāna</span>nti uppannānaṃ uppannānaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇāna</span>nti etesaṃ vivādādhikaraṇādīnaṃ catunnaṃ. <span class="bld">Samathāya vūpasamāyā</span>ti samanatthañceva vūpasamanatthañca. <span class="bld">Sammukhāvinayo dātabbo…pe… tiṇavatthārako</span>ti ime satta samathā dātabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayakathā – adhikaraṇesu tāva dhammoti <a name="P4.0043"></a> vā adhammoti vāti aṭṭhārasahi vatthūhi vivadantānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ yo vivādo, idaṃ <span class="bld">vivādādhikaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Sīlavipattiyā vā ācāradiṭṭhiājīvavipattiyā vā anuvadantānaṃ yo anuvādo upavadanā ceva codanā ca, idaṃ <a name="V4.0028"></a> <span class="bld">anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Mātikāyaṃ āgatā pañca vibhaṅge dveti satta āpattikkhandhā <span class="bld">āpattādhikaraṇaṃ</span> nāma. Yaṃ saṅghassa apalokanādīnaṃ catunnaṃ kammānaṃ karaṇaṃ, idaṃ <span class="bld">kiccādhikaraṇaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">vivādādhikaraṇaṃ</span> dvīhi samathehi sammati sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca. Sammukhāvinayeneva sammamānaṃ yasmiṃ vihāre uppannaṃ, tasmiṃyeva vā, aññattha vūpasametuṃ gacchantānaṃ antarāmagge vā, yattha gantvā saṅghassa niyyātitaṃ, tattha saṅghena vā gaṇena vā vūpasametuṃ asakkonte tattheva ubbāhikāya sammatapuggalehi vā vinicchitaṃ sammati. Evaṃ sammamāne pana <a name="M4.0029"></a> tasmiṃ yā saṅghasammukhatā dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā, ayaṃ <span class="bld">sammukhāvinayo</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ca kārakasaṅghassa sāmaggivasena sammukhībhāvo saṅghasammukhatā. Sametabbassa vatthuno bhūtatā dhammasammukhatā. Yathā taṃ sametabbaṃ, tatheva samanaṃ vinayasammukhatā. Yo ca vivadati, yena ca vivadati, tesaṃ ubhinnaṃ attapaccatthikānaṃ sammukhībhāvo puggalasammukhatā. Ubbāhikāya vūpasame panettha saṅghasammukhatā parihāyati. Evaṃ tāva sammukhāvinayeneva sammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace panevampi na sammati, atha naṃ <a name="P4.0044"></a> ubbāhikāya sammatā bhikkhū ‘‘na mayaṃ sakkoma vūpasametu’’nti saṅghasseva niyyātenti. Tato saṅgho pañcaṅgasamannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ salākaggāhakaṃ sammannitvā tena guḷhakavivaṭakasakaṇṇajappakesu tīsu salākaggāhesu aññataravasena salākaṃ gāhetvā sannipatitaparisāya dhammavādīnaṃ yebhuyyatāya yathā te dhammavādino vadanti, evaṃ vūpasantaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca vūpasantaṃ hoti. Tattha sammukhāvinayo vuttanayo eva. Yaṃ pana yebhuyyasikāya kammassa karaṇaṃ, ayaṃ <span class="bld">yebhuyyasikā</span> nāma. Evaṃ vivādādhikaraṇaṃ dvīhi samathehi sammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ</span> catūhi samathehi sammati sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca amūḷhavinayena ca tassapāpiyasikāya ca. Sammukhāvinayeneva sammamānaṃ yo ca anuvadati, yañca <a name="V4.0029"></a> anuvadati, tesaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, sace kāci āpatti natthi, ubho khamāpetvā, sace atthi, ayaṃ nāmettha āpattīti evaṃ vinicchitaṃ vūpasammati. Tattha sammukhāvinayalakkhaṇaṃ vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā pana khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno amūlikāya sīlavipattiyā anuddhaṃsitassa sativinayaṃ yācamānassa saṅgho ñatticatutthena kammena sativinayaṃ deti, tadā sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca vūpasantaṃ hoti. Dinne pana sativinaye puna tasmiṃ puggale kassaci anuvādo na ruhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā ummattako bhikkhu ummādavasena kate assāmaṇake ajjhācāre ‘‘saratāyasmā evarūpiṃ āpatti’’nti bhikkhūhi vuccamāno – ‘‘ummattakena me, āvuso, etaṃ kataṃ, nāhaṃ <a name="P4.0045"></a> taṃ sarāmī’’ti bhaṇantopi bhikkhūhi <a name="M4.0030"></a> codiyamānova puna acodanatthāya amūḷhavinayaṃ yācati, saṅgho cassa ñatticatutthena kammena amūḷhavinayaṃ deti, tadā sammukhāvinayena ca amūḷhavinayena ca vūpasantaṃ hoti. Dinne pana amūḷhavinaye puna tasmiṃ puggale kassaci tappaccayā anuvādo na ruhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā pana pārājikena vā pārājikasāmantena vā codiyamānassa aññenāññaṃ paṭicarato pāpussannatāya pāpiyassa puggalassa – ‘‘sacāyaṃ acchinnamūlo bhavissati, sammā vattitvā osāraṇaṃ labhissati, sace chinnamūlo, ayamevassa nāsanā bhavissatī’’ti maññamāno saṅgho ñatticatutthena kammena tassapāpiyasikaṃ karoti, tadā sammukhāvinayena ca tassa pāpiyasikāya ca vūpasantaṃ hoti. Evaṃ anuvādādhikaraṇaṃ catūhi samathehi sammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āpattādhikaraṇaṃ</span> tīhi samathehi sammati sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca. Tassa sammukhāvinayeneva vūpasamo natthi. Yadā pana ekassa vā bhikkhuno santike saṅghagaṇamajjhesu vā bhikkhu lahukaṃ āpattiṃ deseti, tadā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca vūpasammati. Tattha sammukhāvinayo tāva yo ca deseti, yassa ca deseti, tesaṃ sammukhatā. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Puggalassa ca gaṇassa ca desanākāle <a name="V4.0030"></a> saṅghasammukhatā parihāyati. Yaṃ panettha ‘‘ahaṃ, bhante, itthannāmaṃ āpattiṃ apanno’’ti ca, āma ‘‘passāmī’’ti ca paṭiññātāya <a name="P4.0046"></a> ‘‘āyatiṃ saṃvareyyāsī’’ti karaṇaṃ, taṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ nāma. Saṅghādisese parivāsādiyācanā paṭiññā, parivāsādīnaṃ dānaṃ paṭiññātakaraṇaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvepakkhajātā pana bhaṇḍanakārakā bhikkhū bahuṃ assāmaṇakaṃ ajjhācāraṃ caritvā puna lajjidhamme uppanne ‘‘sace mayaṃ imāhi āpattīhi aññamaññaṃ kāressāma, siyāpi taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ kakkhaḷattāya saṃvatteyyā’’ti aññamaññaṃ āpattiyā kārāpane dosaṃ disvā yadā tiṇavatthārakakammaṃ karonti, tadā āpattādhikaraṇaṃ sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca sammati. Tatra hi yattakā hatthapāsupagatā ‘‘na me taṃ khamatī’’ti evaṃ diṭṭhāvikammaṃ akatvā ‘‘dukkaṭaṃ kammaṃ puna kātabbaṃ kamma’’nti na ukkoṭenti, niddampi <a name="M4.0031"></a> okkantā honti, sabbesampi ṭhapetvā thullavajjañca gihipaṭisaṃyuttañca sabbāpattiyo vuṭṭhahanti. Evaṃ āpattādhikaraṇaṃ tīhi samathehi sammati. <span class="bld">Kiccādhikaraṇaṃ</span> ekena samathena sammati sammukhāvinayeneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni cattāri adhikaraṇāni yathānurūpaṃ imehi sattahi samathehi sammanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘uppannuppannānaṃ adhikaraṇānaṃ samathāya vūpasamāya sammukhāvinayo dātabbo…pe… tiṇavatthārako’’ti. Ayamettha vinicchayanayo, vitthāro pana samathakkhandhake (cūḷava. 185) āgatoyeva. Vinicchayopissa <span class="bld">samantapāsādikāya</span> vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para47"></a><a name="para47_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">47</span>. Yo panāyaṃ imasmiṃ sutte ‘‘idhānanda, bhikkhū vivadantī’’tiādiko vitthāro vutto, so etena nayena saṅkhepatova vuttoti veditabbo. Tattha <span class="bld">dhammo</span>tiādīsu suttantapariyāyena tāva <a name="P4.0047"></a> dasa kusalakammapathā <span class="bld">dhammo,</span> akusalakammapathā <span class="bld">adhammo</span>. Tathā ‘‘cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’’ti heṭṭhā āgatā sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā, tayo satipaṭṭhānā tayo sammappadhānā tayo iddhipādā cha indriyāni cha balāni aṭṭha bojjhaṅgā navaṅgiko maggo cāti, cattāro upādānā pañca nīvaraṇānītiādayo saṅkaliṭṭhadhammā cāti ayaṃ adhammo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V4.0031"></a> yaṃkiñci ekaṃ adhammakoṭṭhāsaṃ gahetvā ‘‘imaṃ adhammaṃ dhammoti karissāma, evaṃ amhākaṃ ācariyakulaṃ niyyānikaṃ bhavissati, mayañca loke pākaṭā bhavissāmā’’ti taṃ adhammaṃ ‘‘dhammo aya’’nti kathentā dhammoti vivadanti. Tattheva dhammakoṭṭhāsesu ekaṃ gahetvā ‘‘adhammo aya’’nti kathentā adhammoti vivadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vinayapariyāyena pana bhūtena vatthunā codetvā sāretvā yathāpaṭiññāya kātabbakammaṃ <span class="bld">dhammo</span> nāma, abhūtena pana vatthunā acodetvā asāretvā apaṭiññāya katabbakammaṃ <span class="bld">adhammo</span> nāma. Tesupi adhammaṃ ‘‘dhammo aya’’nti kathentā dhammoti vivadanti, ‘‘adhammo aya’’nti kathentā adhammoti vivadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Suttantapariyāyena pana rāgavinayo dosavinayo mohavinayo saṃvaro pahānaṃ paṭisaṅkhāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vinayo</span> nāma, rāgādīnaṃ avinayo asaṃvaro <a name="M4.0032"></a> appahānaṃ appaṭisaṅkhāti ayaṃ <span class="bld">avinayo</span> nāma. Vinayapariyāyena vatthusampatti ñattisampatti anusāvanasampatti sīmasampati parisasampattīti ayaṃ <span class="bld">vinayo</span> nāma, vatthuvipatti…pe… parisavipattīti <a name="P4.0048"></a> ayaṃ <span class="bld">avinayo</span> nāma. Tesupi yaṃkiñci avinayaṃ ‘‘vinayo aya’’nti kathentā vinayoti vivadanti, vinayaṃ avinayoti kathentā avinayoti vivadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dhammanetti samanumajjitabbā</span>ti dhammarajju anumajjitabbā ñāṇena ghaṃsitabbā upaparikkhitabbā. Sā panesā dhammanetti ‘‘iti kho vaccha ime dasa dhammā akusalā dasa dhammā kusalā’’ti evaṃ mahāvacchagottasutte (ma. ni. 2.194) āgatāti vuttā. Sā eva vā hotu, yo vā idha dhammoti ca vinayo ca vutto. <span class="bld">Yathā tattha sametī</span>ti yathā tāya dhammanettiyā sameti, ‘‘dhammo dhammova hoti, adhammo adhammova, vinayo vinayova hoti, avinayo avinayova’’. <span class="bld">Tathā ta</span>nti evaṃ taṃ adhikaraṇaṃ vūpasametabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇāna</span>nti idha vivādādhikaraṇameva dassitaṃ, sammukhāvinayo pana na kismiñci adhikaraṇe na labbhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para48"></a><a name="para48_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">48</span>. Taṃ panetaṃ yasmā dvīhi samathehi sammati sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca, tasmā <a name="V4.0032"></a> heṭṭhā mātikāya ṭhapitānukkamena idāni sativinayassa vāre pattepi taṃ avatvā vivādādhikaraṇayeva tāva dutiyasamathaṃ dassento <span class="bld">kathañcānanda, yebhuyyasikā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bahutarā</span>ti antamaso dvīhi tīhipi atirekatarā. Sesamettha heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para49"></a><a name="para49_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">49</span>. Idāni heṭṭhā avitthāritaṃ sativinayaṃ ādiṃ katvā vitthāritāvasesasamathe <a name="P4.0049"></a> paṭipāṭiyā vitthāretuṃ <span class="bld">kathañcānanda, sativinayo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">pārājikasāmantena vā</span>ti dve sāmantāni khandhasāmantañca āpattisāmantañca. Tattha pārājikāpattikkhandho saṅghādisesāpattikkhandho thullaccaya-pācittiya-pāṭidesanīya-dukkaṭa-dubbhāsitāpattikkhandhoti evaṃ purimassa pacchimakhandhaṃ khandhasāmantaṃ nāma hoti. Paṭhamapārājikassa pana pubbabhāge dukkaṭaṃ, sesānaṃ thullaccayanti idaṃ āpattisāmantaṃ nāma. Tattha <a name="M4.0033"></a> khandhasāmante pārājikasāmantaṃ garukāpatti nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Saratāyasmā</span>ti saratu āyasmā. <span class="bld">Ekaccānaṃ adhikaraṇāna</span>nti idha anuvādādhikaraṇameva dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para50"></a><a name="para50_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">50</span>. <span class="bld">Bhāsitaparikkanta</span>nti vācāya bhāsitaṃ kāyena ca parikkantaṃ, parakkamitvā katanti attho. <span class="bld">Ekaccāna</span>nti idhāpi anuvādādhikaraṇameva adhippetaṃ. Paṭiññātakaraṇe ‘‘ekaccāna’’nti āpattādhikaraṇaṃ dassitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para52"></a><a name="para52_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">52</span>. <span class="bld">Davā</span>ti sahasā. <span class="bld">Ravā</span>ti aññaṃ bhaṇitukāmena aññaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho, ānanda, tassapāpiyasikā hotī</span>ti tassapuggalassa pāpussannatā pāpiyasikā hoti. Iminā kammassa vatthu dassitaṃ. Evarūpassa hi puggalassa kammaṃ kāttabbaṃ. Kammena hi adhikaraṇassa vūpasamo hoti, na puggalassa pāpussannatāya. Idhāpi ca anuvādādhikaraṇameva adhikaraṇanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para53"></a><a name="para53_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">53</span>. <span class="bld">Kathañcānanda</span><a name="P4.0050"></a>, <span class="bld">tiṇavatthārako</span>ti ettha idaṃ kammaṃ tiṇavatthārakasadisattā tiṇavatthārakoti vuttaṃ. Yathā hi gūthaṃ vā muttaṃ vā ghaṭṭiyamānaṃ duggandhatāya bādhati, tiṇehi avattharitvā suppaṭicchāditassa panassa so gandho na bādhati, evameva yaṃ adhikaraṇaṃ mūlānumūlaṃ gantvā vūpasamiyamānaṃ kakkhaḷattāya vāḷattāya bhedāya saṃvattati, taṃ iminā kammena vūpasantaṃ gūthaṃ viya tiṇavatthārakena paṭicchannaṃ vūpasantaṃ hotīti idaṃ kammaṃ tiṇavatthārakasadisattā <a name="V4.0033"></a> tiṇavatthārakoti vuttaṃ. Tassa <span class="bld">idhānanda, bhikkhūnaṃ bhaṇḍanajātāna</span>ntiādivacanena ākāramattameva dassitaṃ, khandhake āgatāyeva panettha kammavācā pamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Ṭhapetvā thullavajjaṃ ṭhapetvā gihipaṭisaṃyutta</span>nti. Ettha pana <span class="bld">thullavajja</span>nti thūllavajjaṃ pārājikañceva saṅghādisesañca. <span class="bld">Gihipaṭisaṃyutta</span>nti gihīnaṃ hīnena khuṃsanavambhanadhammikapaṭissavesu āpannā āpatti. <span class="bld">Adhikaraṇāna</span>nti idha āpattādhikaraṇameva veditabbaṃ. Kiccādhikaraṇassa pana vasena idha na kiñci vuttaṃ. Kiñcāpi na vuttaṃ, sammukhāvinayeneva panassa vūpasamo hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para54"></a><a name="para54_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">54</span>. <span class="bld">Chayime</span><a name="M4.0034"></a>, <span class="bld">ānanda, dhammā sāraṇīyā</span>ti heṭṭhā kalahavasena suttaṃ āraddhaṃ, upari sāraṇīyadhammā āgatā. Iti yathānusandhināva desanā gatā hoti. Heṭṭhā kosambiyasutte (ma. ni. 1.498-500) pana sotāpattimaggasammādiṭṭhi kathitā, imasmiṃ <a name="P4.0051"></a> sutte sotāpattiphalasammādiṭṭhi vuttāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Aṇu</span>nti appasāvajjaṃ. <span class="bld">Thūla</span>nti mahāsāvajjaṃ. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sāmagāmasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Sunakkhattasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para55"></a><a name="para55_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">55</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0034"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sunakkhattasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññā</span>ti arahattaṃ. <span class="bld">Byākatā</span>ti khīṇā jātītiādīhi catūhi padehi kathitā. <span class="bld">Adhimānenā</span>ti appatte pattasaññino, anadhigate adhigatasaññino hutvā adhigataṃ amhehīti mānena byākariṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para56"></a><a name="para56_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">56</span>. <span class="bld">Evañcettha sunakkhatta tathāgatassa hotī</span>ti sunakkhatta ettha etesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pañhabyākaraṇe – ‘‘idaṃ ṭhānaṃ etesaṃ avibhūtaṃ andhakāraṃ, tenime anadhigate adhigatasaññino, handa nesaṃ visodhetvā pākaṭaṃ katvā dhammaṃ desemī’’ti, evañca tathāgatassa hoti. <span class="bld">Atha ca panidhekacce…pe… tassapi hoti aññathatta</span>nti bhagavā paṭipannakānaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Yattha pana icchācāre ṭhitā ekacce moghapurisā honti, tatra bhagavā passati – ‘‘ime imaṃ pañhaṃ uggahetvā ajānitvāva jānantā viya appatte pattasaññino hutvā gāmanigamādīsu visevamānā vicarissanti, taṃ nesaṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā’’ti evamassāyaṃ icchācāre <a name="P4.0052"></a> ṭhitānaṃ kāraṇā paṭipannakānampi atthāya ‘‘dhammaṃ desissāmī’’ti uppannassa cittassa aññathābhāvo hoti. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para58"></a><a name="para58_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">58</span>. <span class="bld">Lokāmisādhimutto</span>ti vaṭṭāmisa-kāmāmisa-lokāmisabhūtesu pañcasu kāmaguṇesu adhimutto tanninno taggaruko tappabbhāro. <span class="bld">Tappatirūpī</span>ti <a name="M4.0035"></a> kāmaguṇasabhāgā. <span class="bld">Āneñjapaṭisaṃyuttāyā</span>ti āneñjasamāpattipaṭisaṃyuttāya. <span class="bld">Saṃseyyā</span>ti katheyya. <span class="bld">Āneñjasaṃyojanena hi kho visaṃyutto</span>ti āneñjasamāpattisaṃyojanena visaṃsaṭṭho. <span class="bld">Lokāmisādhimutto</span>ti evarūpo hi lūkhacīvaradharo mattikāpattaṃ ādāya attano sadisehi katipayehi saddhiṃ paccantajanapadaṃ gacchati, gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhakāle manussā disvā ‘‘mahāpaṃsukulikā āgatā’’ti yāgubhattādīni sampādetvā sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ denti, bhattakicce niṭṭhite anumodanaṃ sutvā – ‘‘svepi, bhante, idheva piṇḍāya pavisathā’’ti vadanti. Alaṃ upāsakā, ajjāpi vo bahūnaṃ dinnanti. Tena hi, bhante, antovassaṃ idha vaseyyāthāti adhivāsetvā vihāramaggaṃ pucchitvā vihāraṃ <a name="V4.0035"></a> gacchanti. Tattha senāsanaṃ gahetvā pattacīvaraṃ paṭisāmenti. Sāyaṃ eko āvāsiko te bhikkhū pucchati ‘‘kattha piṇḍāya caritthā’’ti? Asukagāmeti. Bhikkhāsampannāti? Āma evarūpā nāma manussānaṃ saddhā hoti. ‘‘Ajjeva nu kho ete edisā, niccampi edisā’’ti? Saddhā te manussā niccampi edisā, te nissāyeva ayaṃ vihāro vaḍḍhatīti. Tato te paṃsukulikā punappunaṃ tesaṃ vaṇṇaṃ kathenti<a name="P4.0053"></a>, divasāvasesaṃ kathetvā rattimpi kathenti. Ettāvatā icchācāre ṭhitassa sīsaṃ nikkhantaṃ hoti udaraṃ phālitaṃ. Evaṃ lokāmisādhimutto veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para59"></a><a name="para59_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">59</span>. Idāni āneñjasamāpattilābhiṃ adhimānikaṃ dassento <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ kho paneta</span>ntiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āneñjādhimuttassā</span>ti kilesasiñcanavirahitāsu heṭṭhimāsu chasu samāpattīsu adhimuttassa tanninnassa taggaruno tappabbhārassa. <span class="bld">Se pavutte</span>ti taṃ pavuttaṃ. Cha samāpattilābhino hi adhimānikassa pañcakāmaguṇāmisabandhanā patitapaṇḍupalāso viya upaṭṭhāti. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para60"></a><a name="para60_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">60</span>. Idāni ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti lābhino adhimānikassa nighaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">dvedhā bhinnā</span>ti majjhe bhinnā. <span class="bld">Appaṭisandhikā</span>ti khuddakā muṭṭhipāsāṇamattā jatunā vā silesena vā allīyāpetvā paṭisandhātuṃ sakkā. Mahantaṃ pana kuṭāgārappamāṇaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Se bhinne</span>ti taṃ bhinnaṃ. Upari <a name="M4.0036"></a> samāpattilābhino hi heṭṭhāsamāpatti dvedhābhinnā selā viya hoti, taṃ samāpajjissāmīti cittaṃ na uppajjati. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para61"></a><a name="para61_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">61</span>. Idāni nevasaññānāsaññāyatanalābhino adhimānikassa ca nighaṃsaṃ dassento <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">se vante</span>ti taṃ vantaṃ. Aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino <a name="P4.0054"></a> hi heṭṭhāsamāpattiyo vantasadisā hutvā upaṭṭhahanti, puna samāpajjissāmīti cittaṃ na uppajjati. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para62"></a><a name="para62_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">62</span>. Idāni khīṇāsavassa nighaṃsaṃ dassento <span class="bld">ṭhānaṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">se ucchinnamūle</span>ti so ucchinnamūlo. Upari samāpattilābhino hi heṭṭhāsamāpatti mūlacchinnatālo viya upaṭṭhāti, taṃ samāpajjissāmīti cittaṃ na uppajjati. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para63"></a><a name="para63_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">63</span>. <span class="bld">Ṭhānaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0036"></a> <span class="bld">kho panā</span>ti pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Heṭṭhā hi samāpattilābhino adhimānikassapi khīṇāsavassapi nighaṃso kathito, sukkhavipassakassa pana adhimānikassapi khīṇāsavassapi na kathito. Tesaṃ dvinnampi nighaṃsaṃ dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Taṃ pana paṭikkhittaṃ. Samāpattilābhino hi adhimānikassa nighaṃse kathite sukkhavipassakassapi adhimānikassa kathitova hoti, samāpattilābhino ca khīṇāsavassa kathite sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavassa kathitova hoti. Etesaṃ pana dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sappāyāsappāyaṃ kathetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha siyā – puthujjanassa tāva ārammaṇaṃ asappāyaṃ hotu, khīṇāsavassa kathaṃ asappāyanti. Yadaggena puthujjanassa asappāyaṃ, tadaggena khīṇāsavassāpi asappāyameva. Visaṃ nāma jānitvā khāditampi ajānitvā khāditampi visameva. Na hi khīṇāsavenapi ‘‘ahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti asaṃvutena bhavitabbaṃ. Khīṇāsavenapi yuttapayutteneva bhavituṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para64"></a><a name="para64_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">64</span>. Tattha <a name="P4.0055"></a> <span class="bld">samaṇenā</span>ti buddhasamaṇena. <span class="bld">Chandarāgabyāpādenā</span>ti so avijjāsaṅkhāto visadoso chandarāgena ca byāpādena ca ruppati kuppati. <span class="bld">Asappāyānī</span>ti avaḍḍhikarāni ārammaṇāni. <span class="bld">Anuddhaṃseyyā</span>ti soseyya <a name="M4.0037"></a> milāpeyya. <span class="bld">Saupādisesa</span>nti sagahaṇasesaṃ, upāditabbaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ idha upādīti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Analañca te antarāyāyā</span>ti jīvitantarāyaṃ te kātuṃ asamatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Rajosūka</span>nti rajo ca vīhisukādi ca sūkaṃ. <span class="bld">Asu ca visadoso</span>ti so ca visadoso. <span class="bld">Tadubhayenā</span>ti yā sā asappāyakiriyā ca yo visadoso ca, tena ubhayena. <span class="bld">Puthutta</span>nti mahantabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti ettha saupādānasalluddhāro viya appahīno avijjāvisadoso daṭṭhabbo, asappāyakiriyāya ṭhitabhāvo viya chasu dvāresu asaṃvutakālo, tadubhayena vaṇe puthuttaṃ gate maraṇaṃ viya sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattanaṃ, maraṇamattaṃ dukkhaṃ viya aññatarāya garukāya saṃkiliṭṭhāya āpattiyā āpajjanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Sukkapakkhepi imināva nayena opammasaṃsandanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para65"></a><a name="para65_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">65</span>. <span class="bld">Satiyāyetaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0037"></a> <span class="bld">adhivacana</span>nti ettha sati paññāgatikā. Lokikāya paññāya lokikā hoti, lokuttarāya lokuttarā. <span class="bld">Ariyāyetaṃ paññāyā</span>ti parisuddhāya vipassanāpaññāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni khīṇāsavassa balaṃ dassento <span class="bld">so vatā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṃvutakārī</span>ti pihitakārī. <span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="P4.0056"></a> <span class="bld">viditvā nirupadhī</span>ti evaṃ jānitvā kilesupadhipahānā nirupadhi hoti, nirupādānoti attho. <span class="bld">Upadhisaṅkhaye vimutto</span>ti upadhīnaṃ saṅkhayabhūte nibbāne ārammaṇato vimutto. <span class="bld">Upadhismi</span>nti kāmupadhismiṃ. <span class="bld">Kāyaṃ upasaṃharissatī</span>ti kāyaṃ allīyāpessati. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – taṇhakkhaye nibbāne ārammaṇato vimutto khīṇāsavo pañca kāmaguṇe sevituṃ, kāyaṃ vā upasaṃharissati cittaṃ vā uppādessatīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sunakkhattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Āneñjasappāyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para66"></a><a name="para66_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">66</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0038"></a><a name="M4.0038"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti āneñjasappāyasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aniccā</span>ti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā. <span class="bld">Kāmā</span>ti vatthukāmāpi kilesakāmāpi. <span class="bld">Tucchā</span>ti niccasāradhuvasāraattasāravirahitattā rittā, na pana natthīti gahetabbā. Na hi tucchamuṭṭhīti vutte muṭṭhi nāma natthīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yassa pana abbhantare kiñci natthi, so vuccati tuccho. <span class="bld">Musā</span>ti nāsanakā. <span class="bld">Mosadhammā</span>ti nassanasabhāvā, khettaṃ viya vatthu viya hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ viya ca na paññāyittha, katipāheneva <a name="P4.0057"></a> supinake diṭṭhā viya nassanti na paññāyanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘mosadhammā’’ti, <span class="bld">māyākatameta</span>nti yathā māyāya udakaṃ maṇīti katvā dassitaṃ, badaripaṇṇaṃ kahāpaṇoti katvā dassitaṃ, aññaṃ vā pana evarūpaṃ dassanūpacāre ṭhitasseva tathā paññāyati, upacārātikkamato paṭṭhāya pākatikameva paññāyati. Evaṃ kāmāpi ittarapaccupaṭṭhānaṭṭhena ‘‘māyākata’’nti vuttā. Yathā ca māyākāro udakādīni maṇiādīnaṃ vasena dassento vañceti, evaṃ kāmāpi aniccādīni niccādisabhāvaṃ dassentā vañcentīti vañcanakaṭṭhenapi ‘‘māyākata’’nti vuttā. <span class="bld">Bālalāpana</span>nti mayhaṃ putto, mayhaṃ dhītā, mayhaṃ hiraññaṃ mayhaṃ suvaṇṇanti evaṃ bālānaṃ lāpanato bālalāpanaṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammikā kāmā</span>ti mānusakā pañca kāmaguṇā. <span class="bld">Samparāyikā</span>ti te ṭhapetvā avasesā. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammikā. Kāmasaññā</span>ti mānusake kāme ārabbha uppannasaññā. <span class="bld">Ubhayametaṃ māradheyya</span>nti ete kāmā ca kāmasaññā ca ubhayampi māradheyyaṃ. Yehi ubhayametaṃ gahitaṃ, tesañhi upari māro vasaṃ vatteti. Taṃ sandhāya ‘‘ubhayametaṃ māradheyya’’nti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mārassesa visayo</span>tiādīsupi yathā coḷassa visayo coḷavisayo, paṇḍassa visayo paṇḍavisayo, saṃvarānaṃ visayo saṃvaravisayoti pavattanaṭṭhānaṃ visayoti vuccati, evaṃ yehi ete kāmā gahitā, tesaṃ upari māro vasaṃ vatteti. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">mārassesa visayo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Pañca pana kāmaguṇe nivāpabījaṃ viya vippakiranto <a name="P4.0058"></a> māro gacchati. Yehi pana te gahitā, tesaṃ upari māro vasaṃ vatteti. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">mārassesa nivāpo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Yathā ca yattha hatthiādayo <a name="V4.0039"></a> vasaṃ vattenti, so hatthigocaro assagocaro ajagocaroti vuccati, evaṃ <a name="M4.0039"></a> yehi ete kāmā gahitā, tesu māro vasaṃ vatteti. Taṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">mārassesa gocaro</span>ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etthā</span>ti etesu kāmesu. <span class="bld">Mānasā</span>ti cittasambhūtā. Tattha siyā – duvidhe tāva kāme ārabbha abhijjhānalakkhaṇā abhijjhā, karaṇuttariyalakkhaṇo sārambho ca uppajjatu, byāpādo kathaṃ uppajjatīti? Mamāyite vatthusmiṃ acchinnepi socanti, acchijjantepi socanti, acchinnasaṅkinopi socanti, yo evarūpo cittassa āghātoti evaṃ uppajjati. <span class="bld">Teva ariyasāvakassā</span>ti te ariyasāvakassa. Vakāro āgamasandhimattaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Idha manusikkhato</span>ti imasmiṃ sāsane sikkhantassa te tayopi kilesā antarāyakarā honti. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyya loka</span>nti kāmalokaṃ abhibhavitvā. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhāya manasā</span>ti jhānārammaṇacittena adhiṭṭhahitvā. <span class="bld">Aparitta</span>nti kāmāvacaracittaṃ parittaṃ nāma, tassa paṭikkhepena mahaggataṃ aparittaṃ nāma. <span class="bld">Pamāṇa</span>ntipi kāmāvacarameva, rūpāvacaraṃ arūpāvacaraṃ <span class="bld">appamāṇaṃ. Subhāvita</span>nti pana etaṃ kāmāvacarādīnaṃ nāmaṃ na <a name="P4.0059"></a> hoti, lokuttarassevetaṃ nāmaṃ. Tasmā etassa vasena aparittaṃ appamāṇaṃ subhāvitanti sabbaṃ lokuttarameva vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti kāmapaṭibāhanena tameva paṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. <span class="bld">Āyatane cittaṃ pasīdatī</span>ti kāraṇe cittaṃ pasīdati. Kiṃ panettha kāraṇaṃ? Arahattaṃ vā, arahattassa vipassanaṃ vā, catutthajjhānaṃ vā, catutthajjhānassa upacāraṃ vā. <span class="bld">Sampasāde satī</span>ti ettha duvidho sampasādo adhimokkhasampasādo ca paṭilābhasampasādo ca. Arahattassa hi vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā viharato mahābhūtādīsu upaṭṭhahantesu yenime nīhārena mahābhūtā upaṭṭhahanti, upādārūpā upaṭṭhahanti nāmarūpā upaṭṭhahanti, paccayā sabbathā upaṭṭhahanti, lakkhaṇārammaṇā vipassanā upaṭṭhahati, ajjeva arahattaṃ gaṇhissāmīti appaṭiladdheyeva āsā santiṭṭhati, adhimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati. Tatiyajjhānaṃ vā pādakaṃ katvā catutthajjhānatthāya kasiṇaparikammaṃ karontassa nīvaraṇavikkhambhanādīni samanupassato yenime nīhārena nīvaraṇā vikkhambhanti, kilesā sannisīdanti, sati santiṭṭhati, saṅkhāragataṃ vā vibhūtaṃ pākaṭaṃ hutvā dibbacakkhukassa paraloko viya upaṭṭhāti<a name="M4.0040"></a>, cittuppādo lepapiṇḍe laggamāno viya upacārena samādhiyati, ajjeva catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattessāmīti apaṭiladdheyeva āsā santiṭṭhati, adhimokkhaṃ paṭilabhati<a name="V4.0040"></a>. Ayaṃ <span class="bld">adhimokkhasampasādo</span> <a name="P4.0060"></a> nāma. Tasmiṃ sampasāde sati. Yo pana arahattaṃ vā paṭilabhati catutthajjhānaṃ vā, tassa cittaṃ vippasannaṃ hotiyeva. Idha pana ‘‘āyatane cittaṃ pasīdatī’’ti vacanato arahattavipassanāya ceva catutthajjhānūpacārassa ca paṭilābho <span class="bld">paṭilābhasampasādo</span>ti veditabbo. Vipassanā hi paññāya adhimuccanassa kāraṇaṃ, upacāraṃ āneñjasamāpattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etarahi vā āneñjaṃ samāpajjati. Paññāya vā adhimuccatī</span>ti ettha etarahi vā paññāya adhimuccati, āneñjaṃ vā samāpajjatīti evaṃ padaparivattanaṃ katvā attho veditabbo. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti – tasmiṃ sampasāde sati etarahi vā paññāya adhimuccati, arahattaṃ sacchikarotīti attho. Taṃ anabhisambhuṇanto āneñjaṃ vā samāpajjati, atha vā <span class="bld">paññāya vā adhimuccatī</span>ti arahattamaggaṃ bhāveti, taṃ anabhisambhuṇanto āneñjaṃ vā samāpajjati. Arahattamaggaṃ bhāvetuṃ asakkonto etarahi catusaccaṃ vā sacchikaroti. Taṃ anabhisambhuṇanto āneñjaṃ vā samāpajjatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ nayo – idha bhikkhu tatiyajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā catutthajjhānassa kasiṇaparikammaṃ karoti. Tassa nīvaraṇā vikkhambhanti, sati santiṭṭhati, upacārena cittaṃ samādhiyati. So rūpārūpaṃ parigaṇhāti, paccayaṃ pariggaṇhāti, lakkhaṇārammaṇikaṃ vipassanaṃ vavatthapeti, tassa evaṃ hoti – ‘‘upacārena me jhānaṃ visesabhāgiyaṃ bhaveyya, tiṭṭhatu visesabhāgiyatā, nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ naṃ karissāmī’’ti vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ sacchikaroti. Ettakenassa kiccaṃ kataṃ nāma hoti. Arahattaṃ sacchikātuṃ asakkonto pana tato osakkitamānaso antarā na tiṭṭhati, catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjatiyeva. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā puriso ‘‘vanamahiṃsaṃ ghātessāmī’’ti sattiṃ gahetvā anubandhanto <a name="P4.0061"></a> sace taṃ ghāteti, sakalagāmavāsino tosessati, asakkonto pana antarāmagge sasagodhādayo khuddakamige ghātetvā kājaṃ pūretvā etiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M4.0041"></a> purisassa sattiṃ gahetvā vanamahiṃsānubandhanaṃ viya imassa bhikkhuno tatiyajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā catutthajjhānassa parikammakaraṇaṃ, vanamahiṃsaghātanaṃ viya – ‘‘nīvaraṇavikkhambhanādīni samanupassato visesabhāgiyaṃ bhaveyya, tiṭṭhatu visesabhāgiyatā, nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ <a name="V4.0041"></a> naṃ karissāmī’’ti vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattassa sacchikaraṇaṃ, mahiṃsaṃ ghātetuṃ asakkontassa antarāmagge sasagodhādayo khuddakamige ghātetvā kājaṃ pūretvā gamanaṃ viya arahattaṃ sacchikātuṃ asakkontassa, tato osakkitvā catutthajjhānasamāpajjanaṃ veditabbaṃ. Maggabhāvanā catusaccasacchikiriyāyojanāsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni arahattaṃ sacchikātuṃ asakkontassa nibbattaṭṭhānaṃ dassento <span class="bld">kāyassa bhedā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">ya</span>nti yena kāraṇena taṃ saṃvattanikaṃ viññāṇaṃ assa āneñjūpagaṃ, taṃ kāraṇaṃ vijjatīti attho. Ettha ca <span class="bld">taṃsaṃvattanika</span>nti tassa bhikkhuno saṃvattanikaṃ. Yena vipākaviññāṇena so bhikkhu saṃvattati nibbattati, taṃ viññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āneñjūpaga</span>nti kusalāneñjasabhāvūpagataṃ assa, tādisameva bhaveyyāti <a name="P4.0062"></a> attho. Keci kusalaviññāṇaṃ vadanti. Yaṃ tassa bhikkhuno saṃvattanikaṃ upapattihetubhūtaṃ kusalaviññāṇaṃ āneñjūpagataṃ assa, vipākakālepi tannāmakameva assāti attho. So panāyamattho – ‘‘puññaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, puññūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ. Apuññaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāroti, apuññupagaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ. Āneñjaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, āneñjūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇa’’nti (saṃ. ni. 2.51) iminā nayena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Āneñjasappāyā</span>ti āneñjassa catutthajjhānassa sappāyā. Na kevalañca sā āneñjasseva, upari arahattassāpi sappāyāva upakārabhūtāyevāti veditabbā. Iti imasmiṃ paṭhamakaāneñje samādhivasena osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para67"></a><a name="para67_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">67</span>. <span class="bld">Iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti catutthajjhānaṃ patvā evaṃ paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi bhikkhu heṭṭhimena bhikkhunā paññavantataro tassa ca bhikkhuno attano cāti dvinnampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti rūpapaṭibāhanena tameva paṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. <span class="bld">Āneñjaṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti <a name="M4.0042"></a> ākāsānañcāyatānāneñjaṃ samāpajjati. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva. Yathā ca idha, evaṃ sabbattha visesamattameva pana vakkhāma. Iti imasmiṃ dutiyaāneñje vipassanāvasena osakkanā kathitā, ‘‘yaṃkiñci <a name="P4.0063"></a> rūpa’’nti evaṃ vipassanāmaggaṃ dassentena kathitāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="V4.0042"></a> <span class="bld">paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ patvā evaṃ paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi heṭṭhā dvīhi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ attano cāti tiṇṇampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Ubhayametaṃ anicca</span>nti ettha aṭṭha ekekakoṭṭhāsā diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikavasena pana saṅkhipitvā ubhayanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nālaṃ abhinanditu</span>nti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena abhinandituṃ na yuttaṃ. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti kāmapaṭibāhanena ca rūpapaṭibāhanena ca tameva paṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. <span class="bld">Āneñjaṃ samāpajjatī</span>ti viññāṇañcāyatanāneñjaṃ samāpajjati. Imasmiṃ tatiyaāneñje vipassanāvasena osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para68"></a><a name="para68_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">68</span>. <span class="bld">Iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ patvā evaṃ paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi heṭṭhā tīhi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ attano cāti catunnampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Yatthetā aparisesā nirujjhantī</span>ti yaṃ ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ patvā etā heṭṭhā vuttā sabbasaññā nirujjhanti. <span class="bld">Etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇīta</span>nti etaṃ aṅgasantatāya ārammaṇasantatāya ca <span class="bld">santaṃ,</span> atappakaṭṭhena <span class="bld">paṇītaṃ. Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti tāsaṃ saññānaṃ paṭibāhanena tameva paṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. Imasmiṃ paṭhamākiñcaññāyatane samādhivasena osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti viññāṇañcāyatanameva patvā evaṃ <a name="P4.0064"></a> paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi heṭṭhā catūhi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ attano cāti pañcannampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Attena vā attaniyena vā</span>ti ahaṃ mamāti gahetabbena suññaṃ tucchaṃ rittaṃ. Evamettha dvikoṭikā suññatā dassitā. <span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttapaṭipadañca imañca suññatapaṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. Imasmiṃ dutiyākiñcaññāyatane vipassanāvasena osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para70"></a><a name="para70_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">70</span>. <span class="bld">Iti</span> <a name="M4.0043"></a> <span class="bld">paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti viññāṇañcāyatanameva patvā evaṃ paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi heṭṭhā pañcahi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ attano cāti channampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Nāhaṃ kvacani kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ, na ca mama kvacani kismiñci</span> <a name="V4.0043"></a> <span class="bld">kiñcanaṃ natthī</span>ti ettha pana catukoṭikā suññatā kathitā. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi <span class="bld">nāhaṃ kvacanī</span>ti kvaci attānaṃ na passati, <span class="bld">kassaci kiñcanatasmi</span>nti attano attānaṃ kassaci parassa kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ na passati, attano bhātiṭṭhāne bhātaraṃ sahāyaṭṭhāne sahāyaṃ parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāraṃ maññitvā upagantvā upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca mama kvacanī</span>ti ettha mama – saddaṃ tāva ṭhapetvā na ca kvacani parassa ca attānaṃ kvaci na passatīti ayamattho. Idāni mama – saddaṃ āharitvā <span class="bld">mama kismiñci kiñcanaṃ natthī</span>ti so parassa attā mama kismiñci kiñcanabhāve atthīti na passati. Attano bhātiṭṭhāne bhātaraṃ sahāyaṭṭhāne sahāyaṃ parikkhāraṭṭhāne vā parikkhāranti kismiñci ṭhāne parassa attānaṃ iminā kiñcanabhāvena upanetabbaṃ na passatīti attho. Evamayaṃ yasmā neva katthaci attānaṃ passati, na taṃ parassa kiñcanabhāve <a name="P4.0065"></a> upanetabbaṃ passati, na parassa attānaṃ passati, na parassa attānaṃ attano kiñcanabhāve upanetabbaṃ passati, tasmā ayaṃ suññatā catukoṭikāti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttappaṭipadaṃ imaṃ catukoṭisuññatañca bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. Imasmiṃ tatiyākiñcaññāyatanepi vipassanāvaseneva osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti paṭisañcikkhatī</span>ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ patvā evaṃ paṭisañcikkhati. Ayañhi heṭṭhā chahi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ attano cāti sattannampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Yatthetā aparisesā nirujjhantī</span>ti yaṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ patvā ettha etā heṭṭhā vuttā sabbasaññā nirujjhanti. <span class="bld">Tabbahulavihārino</span>ti tāsaṃ saññānaṃ paṭibāhanena tameva paṭipadaṃ bahulaṃ katvā viharantassa. Imasmiṃ nevasaññānāsaññāyatane samādhivasena osakkanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para71"></a><a name="para71_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">71</span>. <span class="bld">No cassa no ca me siyā</span>ti sace mayhaṃ pubbe pañcavidhaṃ kammavaṭṭaṃ na āyūhitaṃ assa, yaṃ me idaṃ etarahi evaṃ pañcavidhaṃ vipākavaṭṭaṃ etaṃ me na <a name="M4.0044"></a> siyā nappavatteyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Na bhavissatī</span>ti sace etarahi pañcavidhaṃ kammavaṭṭaṃ āyūhitaṃ na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Na me bhavissatī</span>ti tasmiṃ asati anāgate me pañcavidhaṃ vipākavaṭṭaṃ na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ <a name="V4.0044"></a> taṃ pajahāmī</span>ti yaṃ atthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ etarahi khandhapañcakaṃ, taṃ pajahāmi. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0066"></a> <span class="bld">upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī</span>ti so bhikkhu evaṃ vipassanupekkhaṃ labhatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parinibbāyeyya nu kho so, bhante, bhikkhu na vā parinibbāyeyyā</span>ti kiṃ pucchāmīti pucchati, tatiyajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitassa arahattampi osakkanāpi paṭipadāpi paṭisandhipi kathitā, tathā catutthajjhānādīni pādakāni katvā ṭhitānaṃ, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitassa na kiñci kathitaṃ, taṃ pucchāmīti pucchati. <span class="bld">Apetthā</span>ti api ettha. <span class="bld">So taṃ upekkhaṃ abhinandatī</span>ti so taṃ vipassanupekkhaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhiabhinandanāhi abhinandati. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Tannissitaṃ hoti viññāṇa</span>nti viññāṇaṃ vipassanānissitaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Tadupādāna</span>nti yaṃ nikantiviññāṇaṃ, taṃ tassa upādānaṃ nāma gahaṇaṃ nāma hoti. <span class="bld">Saupādāno</span>ti sagahaṇo. <span class="bld">Na parinibbāyatī</span>ti vipassanāya sālayo bhikkhu mama sāsane na parinibbāyati. Yo pana vihārapariveṇaupaṭṭhākādīsu sālayo, tasmiṃ vattabbameva natthīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Kahaṃ panā</span>ti? Kattha pana? <span class="bld">Upādiyamāno</span> <a name="P4.0067"></a> <span class="bld">upādiyatī</span>ti paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhamāno gaṇhāti. <span class="bld">Upādānaseṭṭhaṃ kira so, bhante</span>ti, bhante, so kira bhikkhu gahetabbaṭṭhānaṃ seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ bhavaṃ upādiyati, seṭṭhabhave paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhātīti attho. Iminā tassa bhikkhuno paṭisandhi kathitā. Idānissa arahattaṃ kathetuṃ <span class="bld">idhānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para73"></a><a name="para73_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">73</span>. <span class="bld">Nissāya nissāyā</span>ti taṃ taṃ samāpattiṃ nissāya. <span class="bld">Oghassa nittharaṇā akkhātā</span>ti oghataraṇaṃ kathitaṃ, tatiyajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitabhikkhuno oghanittharaṇā kathitā…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitabhikkhuno oghanittharaṇā kathitāti vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamo pana, bhante, ariyo vimokkho</span>ti idha kiṃ pucchati? Samāpattiṃ tāva padaṭṭhānaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ gaṇhanto bhikkhu nāvaṃ vā uḷumpādīni vā nissāya mahoghaṃ taritvā pāraṃ gacchanto viya <a name="M4.0045"></a> na kilamati. Sukkhavipassako pana pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā arahattaṃ gaṇhanto bāhubalena sotaṃ chinditvā pāraṃ gacchanto viya kilamati. Iti imassa sukkhavipassakassa arahattaṃ pucchāmīti pucchati. <span class="bld">Ariyasāvako</span>ti sukkhavipassako ariyasāvako. Ayañhi heṭṭhā aṭṭhahi bhikkhūhi paññavantataro tesañca bhikkhūnaṃ <a name="V4.0045"></a> attano cāti navannampi kammaṭṭhānaṃ ekato katvā sammasati. <span class="bld">Esa sakkāyo yāvatā sakkāyo</span>ti yattako tebhūmakavaṭṭasaṅkhāto sakkāyo nāma atthi, sabbopi so esa sakkāyo, na ito paraṃ sakkāyo atthīti paṭisañcikkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0068"></a> <span class="bld">amataṃ yadidaṃ anupādā cittassa vimokkho</span>ti yo panesa cittassa anupādāvimokkho nāma, etaṃ amataṃ etaṃ santaṃ etaṃ paṇītanti paṭisañcikkhati. Aññattha ca ‘‘anupādā cittassa vimokkho’’ti nibbānaṃ vuccati. Imasmiṃ pana sutte sukkhavipassakassa arahattaṃ kathitaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kevalaṃ pana imasmiṃ sutte sattasu ṭhānesu osakkanā kathitā, aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu paṭisandhi, navasu ṭhānesu arahattaṃ kathitanti veditabbaṃ. Kathaṃ? Tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ tāva pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitassa bhikkhuno osakkanā kathitā, paṭisandhi kathitā, arahattaṃ kathitaṃ, tathā catutthajjhānaṃ, tathā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ. Viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ pana padaṭṭhānaṃ katvā ṭhitānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ osakkanā kathitā, paṭisandhi kathitā, arahattaṃ kathitaṃ. Tathā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitassa bhikkhuno. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ pādakaṃ katvā ṭhitassa pana osakkanā natthi, paṭisandhi pana arahattañca kathitaṃ. Sukkhavipassakassa arahattameva kathitanti. Evaṃ sattasu ṭhānesu osakkanā kathitā, aṭṭhasu ṭhānesu paṭisandhi, navasu ṭhānesu arahattaṃ kathitanti veditabbaṃ. Imañca pana sattasu ṭhānesu osakkanaṃ aṭṭhasu paṭisandhiṃ navasu arahattaṃ samodhānetvā kathentena imaṃ āneñjasappāyasuttaṃ sukathitaṃ nāma hotīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Āneñjasappāyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Gaṇakamoggallānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para74"></a><a name="para74_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">74</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0046"></a><a name="P4.0069"></a><a name="M4.0046"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti gaṇakamoggallānasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yāva pacchimasopānakaḷevarā</span>ti yāva paṭhamasopānaphalakā ekadivaseneva sattabhūmiko pāsādo na sakkā kātuṃ, vatthuṃ sodhetvā thambhussāpanato paṭṭhāya pana yāva cittakammakaraṇā anupubbakiriyā cettha paññāyatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Yadidaṃ ajjhene</span>ti tayopi vedā na sakkā ekadivaseneva adhīyituṃ, etesaṃ ajjhenepi pana anupubbakiriyāva paññāyatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Issatthe</span>ti āvudhavijjāyapi ekadivaseneva vālavedhi nāma na sakkā kātuṃ, ṭhānasampādanamuṭṭhikaraṇādīhi pana etthāpi anupubbakiriyā paññāyatīti dasseti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhāne</span>ti gaṇanāya. Tattha anupubbakiriyaṃ attanāva dassento <span class="bld">evaṃ gaṇāpemā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para75"></a><a name="para75_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">75</span>. <span class="bld">Seyyathāpi brāhmaṇā</span>ti idha bhagavā yasmā bāhirasamaye yathā yathā sippaṃ uggaṇhanti, tathā tathā kerāṭikā honti, tasmā attano sāsanaṃ bāhirasamayena anupametvā bhadraassājānīyena upamento <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Bhadro hi assājānīyo yasmiṃ kāraṇe damito hoti, taṃ jīvitahetupi nātikkamati. Evameva sāsane sammāpaṭipanno kulaputto sīlavelaṃ nātikkamati. <span class="bld">Mukhādhāne</span>ti mukhaṭṭhapane.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para76"></a><a name="para76_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">76</span>. <span class="bld">Satisampajaññāya cā</span>ti satisampajaññāhi samaṅgibhāvatthāya<a name="P4.0070"></a>. Dve hi khīṇāsavā satatavihārī ca nosatatavihārī ca. Tattha <span class="bld">satatavihārī</span> yaṃkiñci kammaṃ katvāpi phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ sakkoti, no <span class="bld">satatavihārī</span> pana appamattakepi kicce kiccappasuto hutvā phalasamāpattiṃ appetuṃ na sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ vatthu – eko kira khīṇāsavatthero khīṇāsavasāmaṇeraṃ gahetvā araññavāsaṃ gato, tattha mahātherassa senāsanaṃ pattaṃ, sāmaṇerassa na pāpuṇāti, taṃ vitakkento thero ekadivasampi phalasamāpattiṃ appetuṃ nāsakkhi. Sāmaṇero pana temāsaṃ phalasamāpattiratiyā vītināmetvā ‘‘sappāyo<a name="V4.0047"></a>, bhante, araññavāso jāto’’ti <a name="M4.0047"></a> theraṃ pucchi. Thero ‘‘na jāto, āvuso’’ti āha. Iti yo evarūpo khīṇāsavo, so ime dhamme ādito paṭṭhāya āvajjitvāva samāpajjituṃ sakkhissatīti dassento ‘‘satisampajaññāya cā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para78"></a><a name="para78_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">78</span>. <span class="bld">Yeme, bho gotamā</span>ti tathāgate kira kathayanteva brāhmaṇassa ‘‘ime puggalā na ārādhenti, ime ārādhentī’’ti nayo udapādi, taṃ dassento evaṃ vattumāraddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paramajjadhammesū</span>ti ajjadhammā nāma chasatthāradhammā, tesu gotamavādova, paramo uttamoti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Gaṇakamoggallānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Gopakamoggallānasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para79"></a><a name="para79_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">79</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0048"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti gopakamoggallānasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aciraparinibbute bhagavatī</span>ti bhagavati aciraparinibbute, dhātubhājanīyaṃ katvā dhammasaṅgītiṃ kātuṃ rājagahaṃ āgatakāle<a name="P4.0071"></a>. <span class="bld">Rañño pajjotassa āsaṅkamāno</span>ti caṇḍapajjoto nāmesa rājā bimbisāramahārājassa sahāyo ahosi, jīvakaṃ pesetvā bhesajjakāritakālato paṭṭhāya pana daḷhamittova jāto, so ‘‘ajātasattunā devadattassa vacanaṃ gahetvā pitā ghātito’’ti sutvā ‘‘mama piyamittaṃ ghātetvā esa rajjaṃ karissāmīti maññati, mayhaṃ sahāyassa sahāyānaṃ atthikabhāvaṃ jānāpessāmī’’ti parisati vācaṃ abhāsi. Taṃ sutvā tassa āsaṅkā uppannā. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘rañño pajjotassa āsaṅkamāno’’ti. <span class="bld">Kammanto</span>ti bahinagare nagarapaṭisaṅkhārāpanatthāya kammantaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Upasaṅkamī</span>ti mayaṃ dhammavinayasaṅgītiṃ kāressāmāti vicarāma, ayañca mahesakkho rājavallabho saṅgahe kate veḷuvanassa ārakkhaṃ kareyyāti maññamāno upasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Tehi dhammehī</span>ti tehi sabbaññutaññāṇadhammehi. <span class="bld">Sabbena sabba</span>nti sabbākārena sabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbathā sabba</span>nti sabbakoṭṭhāsehi <a name="M4.0048"></a> sabbaṃ. Kiṃ pucchāmīti pucchati? Cha hi satthāro paṭhamataraṃ appaññātakulehi nikkhamitvā pabbajitā, te tathāgate dharamāneyeva kālaṃkatā, sāvakāpi nesaṃ appaññātakuleheva pabbajitā. Te tesaṃ accayena mahāvivādaṃ akaṃsu. Samaṇo pana gotamo mahākulā pabbajito, tassa accayena sāvakānaṃ mahāvivādo bhavissatīti ayaṃ kathā sakalajambudīpaṃ pattharamānā udapādi. Sammāsambuddhe ca dharante bhikkhūnaṃ vivādo nāhosi. Yopi ahosi, sopi tattheva vūpasamito. Parinibbutakāle panassa – ‘‘aṭṭhasaṭṭhiyojanasatasahassubbedhaṃ <a name="P4.0072"></a> sineruṃ apavāhituṃ samatthassa vātassa purato purāṇapaṇṇaṃ kiṃ ṭhassati, dasa pāramiyo pūretvā sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ pattassa satthu alajjamāno maccurājā kassa lajjissatī’’ti mahāsaṃvegaṃ janetvā bhiyyosomattāya bhikkhū samaggā jātā ativiya upasantupasantā, kiṃ nu kho etanti idaṃ pucchāmīti pucchati. <span class="bld">Anusaññāyamāno</span>ti anusañjāyamāno, katākataṃ janantoti attho. Anuvicaramāno vā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para80"></a><a name="para80_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">80</span>. <span class="bld">Atthi</span> <a name="V4.0049"></a> <span class="bld">nu kho</span>ti ayampi heṭṭhimapucchameva pucchati. <span class="bld">Appaṭisaraṇe</span>ti appaṭisaraṇe dhammavinaye. <span class="bld">Ko hetu sāmaggiyā</span>ti tumhākaṃ samaggabhāvassa ko hetu ko paccayo. <span class="bld">Dhammappaṭisaraṇā</span>ti dhammo amhākaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ, dhammo avassayoti dīpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para81"></a><a name="para81_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">81</span>. <span class="bld">Pavattatī</span>ti paguṇaṃ hutvā āgacchati. <span class="bld">Āpatti hoti vītikkamo</span>ti ubhayametaṃ buddhassa āṇātikkamanameva. <span class="bld">Yathādhammaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ kāremā</span>ti yathā dhammo ca anusiṭṭhi ca ṭhitā, evaṃ kāremāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na kira no bhavanto kārenti dhammo no kāretī</span>ti padadvayepi no kāro nipātamattaṃ. Evaṃ sante na kira bhavanto kārenti, dhammova kāretīti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para83"></a><a name="para83_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">83</span>. <span class="bld">Tagghā</span>ti <a name="P4.0073"></a> ekaṃse nipāto. <span class="bld">Kahaṃ pana bhavaṃ ānando</span>ti kiṃ therassa veḷuvane vasanabhāvaṃ na jānātīti? Jānāti. Veḷuvanassa pana <a name="M4.0049"></a> anena ārakkhā dinnā, tasmā attānaṃ ukkaṃsāpetukāmo pucchati. Kasmā pana tena tattha ārakkhā dinnā? So kira ekadivasaṃ mahākaccāyanattheraṃ gijjhakūṭā otarantaṃ disvā – ‘‘makkaṭo viya eso’’ti āha. Bhagavā taṃ kathaṃ sutvā – ‘‘sace khamāpeti, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ. No ce khamāpeti, imasmiṃ veḷuvane gonaṅgalamakkaṭo bhavissatī’’ti āha. So taṃ kathaṃ sutvā – ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa kathāya dvedhābhāvo nāma natthi, pacchā me makkaṭabhūtakāle gocaraṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti veḷuvane nānāvidhe rukkhe ropetvā ārakkhaṃ adāsi. Aparabhāge kālaṃ katvā makkaṭo hutvā nibbatti. ‘‘Vassakārā’’ti vutte āgantvā samīpe aṭṭhāsi. <span class="bld">Tagghā</span>ti sabbavāresu ekaṃsavacaneyeva nipāto. <span class="bld">Taggha, bho ānandā</span>ti evaṃ therena parisamajjhe attano ukkaṃsitabhāvaṃ ñatvā ahampi theraṃ ukkaṃsissāmīti evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para84"></a><a name="para84_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">84</span>. <span class="bld">Na ca kho, brāhmaṇā</span>ti thero kira cintesi ‘‘sammāsambuddhena vaṇṇitajjhānampi atthi, avaṇṇitajjhānampi atthi, ayaṃ pana brāhmaṇo sabbameva vaṇṇetīti pañhaṃ visaṃvādeti, na kho pana sakkā imassa mukhaṃ ulloketuṃ na piṇḍapātaṃ rakkhituṃ, pañhaṃ ujuṃ katvā kathessāmī’’ti <a name="V4.0050"></a> idaṃ vattuṃ āraddhaṃ. <span class="bld">Antaraṃ karitvā</span>ti abbhantaraṃ karitvā. <span class="bld">Evarūpaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā jhānaṃ vaṇṇesī</span>ti idha sabbasaṅgāhakajjhānaṃ nāma kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0074"></a> <span class="bld">no maya</span>nti ayaṃ kira brāhmaṇo vassakārabrāhmaṇaṃ usūyati, tena pucchitapañhassa akathanaṃ paccāsīsamāno kathitabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘vassakārena pucchitaṃ pañhaṃ punappunaṃ tassa nāmaṃ gaṇhanto vitthāretvā kathesi, mayā pucchitapañhaṃ pana yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷento viya ekadesameva kathesī’’ti anattamano ahosi, tasmā evamāha. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Gopakamoggallānasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Mahāpuṇṇamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para85"></a><a name="para85_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">85</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0051"></a><a name="M4.0050"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāpuṇṇamasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tadahū</span>ti tasmiṃ ahu, tasmiṃ divaseti attho. Upavasanti etthāti <span class="bld">uposatho</span>. Upavasantīti sīlena vā anasanena vā upetā hutvā vasantīti attho. Ayaṃ panettha atthuddhāro – ‘‘āyāma, āvuso, kappina, uposathaṃ gamissāmā’’tiādīsu hi pātimokkhuddeso uposatho. ‘‘Aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato kho visākhe uposatho upavuttho’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 8.53) sīlaṃ. ‘‘Suddhassa ve sadā phaggu, suddhassuposatho sadā’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.79) upavāso. ‘‘Uposatho nāma nāgarājā’’tiādīsu (dī. ni. 2.246) paññatti. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe sabhikkhukā āvāsā’’tiādīsu (mahāva. 181) upavasitabbadivaso. Idhāpi soyeva adhippeto<a name="P4.0075"></a>. So panesa aṭṭhamīcātuddasīpannarasībhedena tividho. Tasmā sesadvayanivāraṇatthaṃ <span class="bld">pannarase</span>ti vuttaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘upavasanti etthāti uposatho’’ti. Māsapuṇṇatāya puṇṇā saṃpuṇṇāti <span class="bld">puṇṇā. Mā</span>-iti cando vuccati, so ettha puṇṇoti <span class="bld">puṇṇamā</span>. Evaṃ puṇṇāya puṇṇamāyāti imasmiṃ padadvaye attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Desa</span>nti kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tena hi tvaṃ bhikkhu sake āsane nisīditvā pucchā</span>ti kasmā bhagavā ṭhitassa akathetvā nisīdāpesīti. Ayaṃ kira bhikkhu saṭṭhimattānaṃ padhāniyabhikkhūnaṃ saṅghatthero saṭṭhi bhikkhū gahetvā araññe vasati, te tassa santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ghaṭenti vāyamanti. Mahābhūtāni pariggaṇhanti upādārūpāni, nāmarūpapaccayalakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanaṃ pariggaṇhanti. Atha ne ācariyupaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā vanditvā nisinne thero mahābhūtapariggahādīni pucchati. Te sabbaṃ kathenti, maggaphalapañhaṃ pucchitā pana kathetuṃ na sakkonti. Atha thero cintesi – ‘‘mama santike etesaṃ ovādassa parihāni natthi, ime ca āraddhavīriyā viharanti. Kukkuṭassa pānīyapivanakālamattampi nesaṃ pamādakiriyā natthi. Evaṃ santepi maggaphalāni nibbattetuṃ na sakkonti. Ahaṃ imesaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ na jānāmi, buddhaveneyyā ete bhavissanti<a name="V4.0052"></a>, gahetvā ne satthu santikaṃ gacchāmi, atha nesaṃ satthā cariyavasena dhammaṃ desessatī’’ti, te bhikkhū gahetvā <a name="P4.0076"></a> satthu santikaṃ āgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthāpi <a name="M4.0051"></a> sāyanhasamaye ānandattherena upanītaṃ udakaṃ ādāya sarīraṃ utuṃ gaṇhāpetvā migāramātupāsādapariveṇe paññattavarabuddhāsane nisīdi, bhikkhusaṅghopi naṃ parivāretvā nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ samaye sūriyo atthaṅgameti, cando uggacchati, majjhaṭṭhāne ca bhagavā nisinno. Candassa pabhā natthi, sūriyassa pabhā natthi, candimasūriyānaṃ pabhaṃ makkhetvā chabbaṇṇā yamakabuddharasmiyo vijjotamānā puñjā puñjā hutvā disāvidisāsu dhāvantīti sabbaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayena vitthāretabbaṃ. Vaṇṇabhūmi nāmesā, dhammakathikassevettha thāmo pamāṇaṃ, yattakaṃ sakkoti, tattakaṃ kathetabbaṃ. Dukkathitanti na vattabbaṃ. Evaṃ sannisinnāya parisāya thero uṭṭhahitvā satthāraṃ pañhassa okāsaṃ kāresi. Tato bhagavā – ‘‘sace imasmiṃ ṭhitake pucchante ‘ācariyo no uṭṭhito’ti sesabhikkhū uṭṭhahissanti, evaṃ tathāgate agāravo kato bhavissati. Atha nisinnāva pucchissanti, ācariye agāravo kato bhavissati, ekaggā hutvā dhammadesanaṃ paṭicchituṃ na sakkuṇissanti. Ācariye pana nisinne tepi nisīdissanti. Tato ekaggā dhammadesanaṃ paṭicchituṃ sakkuṇissantī’’ti iminā kāraṇena bhagavā ṭhitassa akathetvā nisīdāpetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime nu kho, bhante</span>ti vimatipucchā viya kathitā. Thero pana pañcakkhandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ pariggaṇhitvā arahattaṃ <a name="P4.0077"></a> patto mahākhīṇāsavo, natthi etassa vimati. Jānantenapi pana ajānantena viya hutvā pucchituṃ vaṭṭati. Sace hi jānanto viya pucchati, ‘‘jānāti aya’’nti tassa tassa vissajjento ekadesameva katheti. Ajānantena viya pucchite pana kathento ito ca etto ca kāraṇaṃ āharitvā pākaṭaṃ katvā katheti. Koci pana ajānantopi jānanto viya pucchati. Thero evarūpaṃ vacanaṃ kiṃ karissati, jānantoyeva pana ajānanto viya pucchatīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chandamūlakā</span>ti <a name="V4.0053"></a> taṇhāmūlakā. <span class="bld">Evaṃrūpo siya</span>nti sace odāto hotukāmo, haritālavaṇṇo vā manosilāvaṇṇo vā siyanti pattheti<a name="M4.0052"></a>. Sace kāḷo hotukāmo, nīluppalavaṇṇo vā añjanavaṇṇo vā atasīpupphavaṇṇo vā siyanti pattheti. <span class="bld">Evaṃvedano</span>ti kusalavedano vā sukhavedano vā siyanti pattheti. Saññādīsupi eseva nayo. Yasmā pana atīte patthanā nāma natthi, patthentenāpi ca na sakkā taṃ laddhuṃ, paccuppannepi na hoti, na hi odāto kāḷabhāvaṃ patthetvā paccuppanne kāḷo hoti, na kāḷo vā odāto, dīgho vā rasso, rasso vā dīgho, dānaṃ pana datvā sīlaṃ vā samādiyitvā ‘‘anāgate khattiyo vā homi brāhmaṇo vā’’ti patthentassa patthanā samijjhati. Tasmā anāgatameva gahitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khandhādhivacana</span>nti khandhānaṃ khandhapaṇṇatti kittakena hotīti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahābhūtā hetū</span>ti ‘‘tayo kusalahetū’’tiādīsu (dha. sa. 1441) hi hetuhetu vutto. Avijjā puññābhisaṅkhārādīnaṃ sādhāraṇattā sādhāraṇahetu. Kusalākusalaṃ attano attano vipākadāne uttamahetu. Idha paccayahetu adhippeto. Tattha pathavīdhātu mahābhūtaṃ itaresaṃ tiṇṇaṃ bhūtānaṃ upādārūpassa ca <a name="P4.0078"></a> paññāpanāya dassanatthāya hetu ceva paccayo ca. Evaṃ sesesupi yojanā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phasso</span>ti ‘‘phuṭṭho, bhikkhave, vedeti, phuṭṭho sañjānāti, phuṭṭho cetetī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.93) vacanato phasso tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ paññāpanāya hetu ceva paccayo ca. <span class="bld">Viññāṇakkhandhassā</span>ti ettha paṭisandhiviññāṇena tāva saddhiṃ gabbhaseyyakānaṃ uparimaparicchedena samatiṃsa rūpāni sampayuttā ca tayo khandhā uppajjanti, taṃ nāmarūpaṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇassa paññāpanāya hetu ceva paccayo ca. Cakkhudvāre cakkhupasādo ceva rūpārammaṇañca rūpaṃ, sampayuttā tayo khandhā nāmaṃ. Taṃ nāmarūpaṃ cakkhuviññāṇassa paññāpanāya hetu ceva paccayo ca. Eseva nayo sesaviññāṇesu.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para87"></a><a name="para87_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">87</span>. <span class="bld">Kathaṃ pana, bhante</span>ti idaṃ kittakena nu khoti vaṭṭaṃ pucchanto evamāha. <span class="bld">Sakkāyadiṭṭhi na hotī</span>ti idaṃ vivaṭṭaṃ pucchanto evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para88"></a><a name="para88_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">88</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0054"></a><a name="M4.0053"></a> <span class="bld">rūpe assādo</span>ti iminā pariññāpaṭivedho ceva dukkhasaccañca kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ rūpe ādīnavo</span>ti iminā pahānapaṭivedho ceva samudayasaccañca. <span class="bld">Idaṃ rūpe nissaraṇa</span>nti iminā sacchikiriyāpaṭivedho ceva nirodhasaccañca. Ye imesu tīsu ṭhānesu sammādiṭṭhiādayo dhammā, ayaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedho maggasaccaṃ. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para89"></a><a name="para89_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">89</span>. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti parassa saviññāṇake kāye. <span class="bld">Sabbanimittesū</span>ti iminā pana anindriyabaddhampi saṅgaṇhāti. ‘‘Saviññāṇake kāye’’ti vacanena vā attano ca parassa ca kāyo gahitova, bahiddhā ca sabbanimittaggahaṇena anindriyabaddhaṃ gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para90"></a><a name="para90_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">90</span>. <span class="bld">Anattakatānī</span>ti <a name="P4.0079"></a> anattani ṭhatvā katāni. <span class="bld">Kamattānaṃ phusissantī</span>ti katarasmiṃ attani ṭhatvā vipākaṃ dassentīti sassatadassanaṃ okkamanto evamāha. <span class="bld">Taṇhādhipateyyenā</span>ti taṇhājeṭṭhakena. <span class="bld">Tatra tatrā</span>ti tesu tesu dhammesu. <span class="bld">Saṭṭhimattāna</span>nti ime bhikkhū pakatikammaṭṭhānaṃ jahitvā aññaṃ navakammaṭṭhānaṃ sammasantā pallaṅkaṃ abhinditvā tasmiṃyeva āsane arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāpuṇṇamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Cūḷapuṇṇamasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para91"></a><a name="para91_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">91</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0055"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti cūḷapuṇṇamasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūta</span>nti yaṃ yaṃ disaṃ anuviloketi, tattha tattha tuṇhībhūtameva. <span class="bld">Anuviloketvā</span>ti pañcapasādapaṭimaṇḍitāni akkhīni ummīletvā tato tato viloketvā antamaso hatthakukkuccapādakukkuccānampi abhāvaṃ disvā. <span class="bld">Asappuriso</span>ti pāpapuriso. <span class="bld">No hetaṃ, bhante</span>ti yasmā andho andhaṃ viya so taṃ jānituṃ na sakkoti, tasmā evamāhaṃsu. Eteneva nayena ito paresupi vāresu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Assaddhasamannāgato</span>ti pāpadhammasamannāgato. <span class="bld">Asappurisabhattī</span>ti asappurisasevano. <span class="bld">Asappurisacintī</span>ti <a name="M4.0054"></a><a name="P4.0080"></a> asappurisacintāya cintako. <span class="bld">Asappurisamantī</span>ti asappurisamantanaṃ mantetā. <span class="bld">Asappurisavāco</span>ti asappurisavācaṃ bhāsitā. <span class="bld">Asappurisakammanto</span>ti asappurisakammānaṃ kattā. <span class="bld">Asappurisadiṭṭhī</span>ti asappurisadiṭṭhiyā samannāgato. <span class="bld">Asappurisadāna</span>nti asappurisehi dātabbaṃ dānaṃ. <span class="bld">Tyāssa mittā</span>ti te assa mittā. <span class="bld">Attabyābādhāyapi cetetī</span>ti pāṇaṃ hanissāmi, adinnaṃ ādiyissāmi, micchā carissāmi, dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattissāmīti evaṃ attano dukkhatthāya cinteti. <span class="bld">Parabyābādhāyā</span>ti yathā asuko asukaṃ pāṇaṃ hanti, asukassa santakaṃ adinnaṃ ādiyati, dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattati, evaṃ naṃ āṇāpessāmīti evaṃ parassa dukkhatthāya cinteti. <span class="bld">Ubhayabyābādhāyā</span>ti ahaṃ asukañca asukañca gahetvā dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattissāmīti evaṃ ubhayadukkhatthāya cintetīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Attabyābādhāyapi mantetī</span>tiādīsu ahaṃ dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattissāmīti mantento attabyābādhāya manteti nāma. Asukaṃ dasa akusalakammapathe samādapessāmīti mantento parabyābādhāya manteti nāma. Aññena saddhiṃ – ‘‘mayaṃ ubhopi ekato hutvā dasa akusalakammapathe samādāya vattissāmā’’ti mantento ubhayabyābādhāya manteti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ detī</span>ti deyyadhammampi puggalampi <a name="P4.0081"></a> na sakkaroti. Deyyadhammaṃ na sakkaroti <a name="V4.0056"></a> nāma uttaṇḍulādidosasamannāgataṃ āhāraṃ deti, na pasannaṃ karoti. Puggalaṃ na sakkaroti nāma nisīdanaṭṭhānaṃ asammajjitvā yattha vā tattha vā nisīdāpetvā yaṃ vā taṃ vā ādhārakaṃ ṭhapetvā dānaṃ deti. <span class="bld">Asahatthā</span>ti attano hatthena, na deti, dāsakammakārādīhi dāpeti. <span class="bld">Acittikatvā</span>ti heṭṭhā vuttanayena deyyadhammepi puggalepi na cittīkāraṃ katvā deti. <span class="bld">Apaviddha</span>nti chaḍḍetukāmo hutvā vammike uragaṃ pakkhipanto viya deti. <span class="bld">Anāgamanadiṭṭhiko</span>ti no phalapāṭikaṅkhī hutvā deti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha</span> <a name="M4.0055"></a> <span class="bld">upapajjatī</span>ti na dānaṃ datvā niraye upapajjati. Yaṃ pana tena pāpaladdhikāya micchādassanaṃ gahitaṃ, tāya micchādiṭṭhiyā niraye upapajjati. Sukkapakkho vuttapaṭipakkhanayena veditabbo. <span class="bld">Devamahattatā</span>ti chakāmāvacaradevā. <span class="bld">Manussamahattatā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ kulānaṃ sampatti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānameva. Idaṃ pana suttaṃ suddhavaṭṭavaseneva kathitanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷapuṇṇamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<a name="mn3_2"></a>
<p class="chapter">2. Anupadavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Anupadasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para93"></a><a name="para93_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">93</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0057"></a><a name="P4.0082"></a><a name="M4.0056"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti anupadasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">etadavocā</span>ti etaṃ (paṭi. ma. 3.4) ‘‘paṇḍito’’tiādinā nayena dhammasenāpatisāriputtattherassa guṇakathaṃ avoca. Kasmā? Avasesattheresu hi mahāmoggallānattherassa iddhimāti guṇo pākaṭo, mahākassapassa dhutavādoti, anuruddhattherassa dibbacakkhukoti, upālittherassa vinayadharoti, revatattherassa jhāyī jhānābhiratoti, ānandattherassa bahussutoti. Evaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ therānaṃ te te guṇā pākaṭā, sāriputtattherassa pana apākaṭā. Kasmā? Paññavato hi guṇā na sakkā akathitā jānituṃ. Iti bhagavā ‘‘sāriputtassa guṇe kathessāmī’’ti sabhāgaparisāya sannipātaṃ āgamesi. Visabhāgapuggalānañhi santike vaṇṇaṃ kathetuṃ na vaṭṭati, te vaṇṇe kathiyamāne avaṇṇameva kathenti. Imasmiṃ pana divase therassa sabhāgaparisā sannipati, tassā sannipatitabhāvaṃ disvā satthā vaṇṇaṃ kathento imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">paṇḍito</span>ti dhātukusalatā āyatanakusalatā paṭiccasamuppādakusalatā ṭhānāṭṭhānakusalatāti imehi catūhi kāraṇehi paṇḍito. <span class="bld">Mahāpañño</span>tiādīsu mahāpaññādīhi samannāgatoti <a name="P4.0083"></a> attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ mahāpaññādīnaṃ nānattaṃ – tattha katamā <span class="bld">mahāpaññā</span>? Mahante sīlakkhandhe pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā, mahante samādhikkhandhe, paññākkhandhe, vimuttikkhandhe, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhe pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā, mahantāni ṭhānāṭṭhānāni, mahantā vihārasamāpattiyo<a name="V4.0058"></a>, mahantāni ariyasaccāni, mahante satipaṭṭhāne, sammappadhāne, iddhipāde, mahantāni indriyāni, balāni, bojjhaṅgāni, mahante ariyamagge, mahantāni sāmaññaphalāni, mahantā abhiññāyo, mahantaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ pariggaṇhātīti mahāpaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="M4.0057"></a> <span class="bld">puthupaññā,</span> puthu nānākhandhesu ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti puthupaññā. Puthu nānādhātūsu, puthu nānāāyatanesu, puthu nānāatthesu, puthu nānāpaṭiccasamuppādesu, puthu nānāsuññatamanupalabbhesu, puthu nānāatthesu, dhammesu, niruttīsu, paṭibhānesu, puthu nānāsīlakkhandhesu, puthu nānāsamādhi-paññā-vimutti-vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhesu, puthu nānāṭhānāṭṭhānesu, puthu nānāvihārasamāpattīsu, puthu nānāariyasaccesu, puthu nānāsatipaṭṭhānesu, sammappadhānesu, iddhipādesu, indriyesu, balesu, bojjhaṅgesu, puthu nānāariyamaggesu, sāmaññaphalesu, abhiññāsu, puthu nānājanasādhāraṇe dhamme samatikkamma paramatthe nibbāne ñāṇaṃ pavattatīti puthupaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <a name="P4.0084"></a> <span class="bld">hāsapaññā,</span> idhekacco hāsabahulo vedabahulo tuṭṭhibahulo pāmojjabahulo sīlaṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, bhojane mattaññutaṃ, jāgariyānuyogaṃ, sīlakkhandhaṃ, samādhikkhandhaṃ, paññākkhandhaṃ, vimuttikkhandhaṃ, vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhaṃ paripūretīti hāsapaññā. Hāsabahulo pāmojjabahulo ṭhānāṭṭhānaṃ paṭivijjhati, hāsabahulo vihārasamāpattiyo paripūretīti hāsapaññā, hāsabahulo ariyasaccāni paṭivijjhati. Satipaṭṭhāne, sammappadhāne, iddhipāde, indriyāni, balāni, bojjhaṅgāni, ariyamaggaṃ bhāvetīti hāsapaññā, hāsabahulo sāmaññaphalāni sacchikaroti, abhiññāyo paṭivijjhatīti hāsapaññā, hāsabahulo vedatuṭṭhipāmojjabahulo paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikarotīti hāsapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">javanapaññā,</span> yaṃkiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ aniccato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Dukkhato khippaṃ… anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yaṃkiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Cakkhu…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccato dukkhato <a name="V4.0059"></a> anattato khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena, dukkhaṃ bhayaṭṭhena, anattā asārakaṭṭhenāti tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvā rūpanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ <a name="P4.0085"></a> javatīti javanapaññā. Vedanā, saññā, saṅkhārā, viññāṇaṃ<a name="M4.0058"></a>, cakkhu…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ khayaṭṭhena…pe… vibhūtaṃ katvā jarāmaraṇanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā. Rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ…pe… viññāṇaṃ. Cakkhu…pe… jarāmaraṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti tulayitvā tīrayitvā vibhāvayitvā vibhūtaṃ katvā jarāmaraṇanirodhe nibbāne khippaṃ javatīti javanapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">tikkhapaññā,</span> khippaṃ kilese chindatīti tikkhapaññā. Uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti, uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ, uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ, uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme, uppannaṃ rāgaṃ, dosaṃ, mohaṃ, kodhaṃ, upanāhaṃ, makkhaṃ, paḷāsaṃ, issaṃ, macchariyaṃ, māyaṃ, sāṭheyyaṃ, thambhaṃ, sārambhaṃ, mānaṃ, atimānaṃ, madaṃ, pamādaṃ, sabbe kilese, sabbe duccarite, sabbe abhisaṅkhāre, sabbe bhavagāmikamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gametīti tikkhapaññā. Ekasmiṃ āsane cattāro ariyamaggā, cattāri sāmaññaphalāni, catasso paṭisambhidāyo, cha ca abhiññāyo adhigatā honti sacchikatā passitā paññāyāti tikkhapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Katamā <span class="bld">nibbedhikapaññā,</span> idhekacco sabbasaṅkhāresu ubbegabahulo hoti uttāsabahulo ukkaṇṭhanabahulo aratibahulo <a name="P4.0086"></a> anabhiratibahulo bahimukho na ramati sabbasaṅkhāresu, anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ lobhakkhandhaṃ nibbijjhati padāletīti nibbedhikapaññā. Anibbiddhapubbaṃ appadālitapubbaṃ dosakkhandhaṃ, mohakkhandhaṃ, kodhaṃ, upanāhaṃ…pe… sabbe bhavagāmikamme nibbijjhati padāletīti nibbedhikapaññā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupadadhammavipassana</span>nti samāpattivasena vā jhānaṅgavasena vā anupaṭipāṭiyā dhammavipassanaṃ vipassati, evaṃ vipassanto addhamāsena arahattaṃ patto. Mahāmoggallānatthero pana <a name="V4.0060"></a> sattahi divasehi. Evaṃ santepi sāriputtatthero mahāpaññavantataro. Mahāmoggallānatthero hi sāvakānaṃ sammasanacāraṃ yaṭṭhikoṭiyā uppīḷento viya ekadesameva sammasanto satta divase vāyamitvā arahattaṃ patto. Sāriputtatthero ṭhapetvā buddhānaṃ paccekabuddhānañca sammasanacāraṃ sāvakānaṃ sammasanacāraṃ nippadesaṃ sammasi. Evaṃ sammasanto addhamāsaṃ vāyami. Arahattañca kira patvā aññāsi – ‘‘ṭhapetvā buddhe ca paccekabuddhe ca añño sāvako nāma paññāya <a name="M4.0059"></a> mayā pattabbaṃ pattuṃ samattho nāma na bhavissatī’’ti. Yathā hi puriso veḷuyaṭṭhiṃ gaṇhissāmīti mahājaṭaṃ veḷuṃ disvā jaṭaṃ chindantassa papañco bhavissatīti antarena hatthaṃ pavesetvā sampattameva yaṭṭhiṃ mūle ca agge ca chinditvā ādāya pakkameyya, so kiñcāpi paṭhamataraṃ gacchati, yaṭṭhiṃ pana sāraṃ vā ujuṃ vā na labhati. Aparo ca tathārūpameva veṇuṃ disvā ‘‘sace sampattaṃ yaṭṭhiṃ gaṇhissāmi, sāraṃ vā ujuṃ vā na labhissāmī’’ti kacchaṃ bandhitvā <a name="P4.0087"></a> mahantena satthena veṇujaṭaṃ chinditvā sārā ceva ujū ca yaṭṭhiyo uccinitvā ādāya pakkameyya. Ayaṃ kiñcāpi pacchā gacchati, yaṭṭhiyo pana sārā ceva ujū ca labhati. Evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ imesaṃ dvinnaṃ therānaṃ padhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pana addhamāsaṃ vāyamitvā dhammasenāpati sāriputtatthero sūkarakhataleṇadvāre bhāgineyyassa dīghanakhaparibbājakassa vedanāpariggahasuttante desiyamāne dasabalaṃ bījayamāno ṭhito desanānusārena ñāṇaṃ pesetvā pabbajitadivasato pannarasame divase sāvakapāramiñāṇassa matthakaṃ patvā sattasaṭṭhi ñāṇāni paṭivijjhitvā soḷasavidhaṃ paññaṃ anuppatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputtassa anupadadhammavipassanāyā</span>ti yā anupadadhammavipassanaṃ vipassatīti anupadadhammavipassanā vuttā, tatra anupadadhammavipassanāya sāriputtassa idaṃ hoti. Idāni vattabbaṃ taṃ taṃ vipassanākoṭṭhāsaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para94"></a><a name="para94_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">94</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭhame jhāne</span>ti ye paṭhame jhāne antosamāpattiyaṃ dhammā. <span class="bld">Tyāssā</span>ti te assa. <span class="bld">Anupadavavatthitā hontī</span>ti anupaṭipāṭiyā vavatthitā paricchinnā ñātā viditā honti. Kathaṃ? Thero hi te dhamme olokento abhiniropanalakkhaṇo vitakko vattatīti jānāti. Tathā anumajjanalakkhaṇo vicāro, pharaṇalakkhaṇā pīti, sātalakkhaṇaṃ sukhaṃ, avikkhepalakkhaṇā <a name="V4.0061"></a> cittekaggatā, phusanalakkhaṇo phasso vedayitalakkhaṇā vedanā, sañjānanalakkhaṇā saññā, cetayitalakkhaṇā cetanā, vijānanalakkhaṇaṃ <a name="P4.0088"></a> viññāṇaṃ, kattukamyatālakkhaṇo chando, adhimokkhalakkhaṇo adhimokkho, paggāhalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyaṃ <a name="M4.0060"></a> upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sati, majjhattalakkhaṇā upekkhā, anunayamanasikāralakkhaṇo manasikāro vattatīti jānāti. Evaṃ jānaṃ abhiniropanaṭṭhena vitakkaṃ sabhāvato vavatthapeti…pe… anunayamanasikāraṇaṭṭhena manasikāraṃ sabhāvabhāvato vavatthapeti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā hontī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viditā uppajjantī</span>ti uppajjamānā viditā pākaṭāva hutvā uppajjanti. <span class="bld">Viditā upaṭṭhahantī</span>ti tiṭṭhamānāpi viditā pākaṭāva hutvā tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchantī</span>ti nirujjhamānāpi viditā pākaṭāva hutvā nirujjhanti. Ettha pana taṃñāṇatā ceva ñāṇabahutā ca mocetabbā. Yathā hi teneva aṅgulaggena taṃ aṅgulaggaṃ na sakkā phusituṃ, evameva teneva cittena tassa cittassa uppādo vā ṭhiti vā bhaṅgo vā na sakkā jānitunti. Evaṃ tāva taṃñāṇatā mocetabbā. Yadi pana dve cittāni ekato uppajjeyyuṃ, ekena cittena ekassa uppādo vā ṭhiti vā bhaṅgo vā sakkā bhaveyya jānituṃ. Dve pana phassā vā vedanā vā saññā vā cetanā vā cittāni vā ekato uppajjanakāni nāma natthi, ekekameva uppajjati. Evaṃ ñāṇabahutā mocetabbā. Evaṃ sante kathaṃ? Mahātherassa antosamāpattiyaṃ soḷasa dhammā viditā pākaṭā hontīti. Vatthārammaṇānaṃ pariggahitatāya. Therena hi vatthu ceva ārammaṇañca pariggahitaṃ, tenassa tesaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādaṃ āvajjantassa uppādo pākaṭo hoti, ṭhānaṃ āvajjantassa ṭhānaṃ pākaṭaṃ hoti, bhedaṃ āvajjantassa <a name="P4.0089"></a> bhedo pākaṭo hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘viditā uppajjanti viditā upaṭṭhahanti viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchantī’’ti. <span class="bld">Ahutvā sambhontī</span>ti iminā udayaṃ passati. <span class="bld">Hutvā paṭiventī</span>ti iminā vayaṃ passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anupāyo</span>ti rāgavasena anupagamano hutvā. <span class="bld">Anapāyo</span>ti paṭighavasena anapagato. <span class="bld">Anissito</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhinissayehi anissito. <span class="bld">Appaṭibaddho</span>ti chandarāgena abaddho. <span class="bld">Vippamutto</span>ti kāmarāgato vippamutto. <span class="bld">Visaṃyutto</span>ti catūhi yogehi sabbakilesehi vā visaṃyutto. <span class="bld">Vimariyādīkatenā</span>ti nimmariyādīkatena. <span class="bld">Cetasā</span>ti evaṃvidhena cittena viharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V4.0062"></a><a name="M4.0061"></a> dve mariyādā kilesamariyādā ca ārammaṇamariyādā ca. Sace hissa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavatte soḷasa dhamme ārabbha rāgādayo uppajjeyyuṃ, kilesamariyādā tena katā bhaveyya, tesu panassa ekopi na uppannoti kilesamariyādā natthi. Sace panassa antosamāpattiyaṃ pavatte soḷasa dhamme āvajjantassa ekacce āpāthaṃ nāgaccheyyuṃ. Evamassa ārammaṇamariyādā bhaveyyuṃ. Te panassa soḷasa dhamme āvajjantassa āpāthaṃ anāgatadhammo nāma natthīti ārammaṇamariyādāpi natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparāpi dve mariyādā vikkhambhanamariyādā ca samucchedamariyādā ca. Tāsu samucchedamariyādā upari āgamissati, imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne vikkhambhanamariyādā adhippetā. Tassa vikkhambhitapaccanīkattā natthīti vimariyādikatena cetasā viharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uttari</span> <a name="P4.0090"></a> <span class="bld">nissaraṇa</span>nti ito uttari nissaraṇaṃ. Aññesu ca suttesu ‘‘uttari nissaraṇa’’nti nibbānaṃ vuttaṃ, idha pana anantaro viseso adhippetoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Tabbahulīkārā</span>ti tassa pajānanassa bahulīkaraṇena. <span class="bld">Atthitvevassa hotī</span>ti tassa therassa atthītiyeva daḷhataraṃ hoti. Iminā nayena sesavāresupi attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dutiyavāre pana sampasādanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sampasādo</span>. Sabhāvato vavatthapeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Catutthavāre <span class="bld">upekkhā</span>ti sukhaṭṭhāne vedanupekkhāva. <span class="bld">Passaddhattā cetaso anābhogo</span>ti yo so ‘‘yadeva tattha sukha’’nti cetaso ābhogo, etenetaṃ oḷārikamakkhāyatīti evaṃ passaddhattā cetaso anābhogo vutto, tassa abhāvāti attho. <span class="bld">Satipārisuddhī</span>ti parisuddhāsatiyeva. <span class="bld">Upekkhāpi</span> pārisuddhiupekkhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para95"></a><a name="para95_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">95</span>. <span class="bld">Sato vuṭṭhahatī</span>ti satiyā samannāgato ñāṇena sampajāno hutvā vuṭṭhāti. <span class="bld">Te dhamme samanupassatī</span>ti yasmā nevasaññānāsaññāyatane buddhānaṃyeva anupadadhammavipassanā hoti, na sāvakānaṃ, tasmā ettha kalāpavipassanaṃ dassento evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññāya</span> <a name="V4.0063"></a><a name="M4.0062"></a> <span class="bld">cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā hontī</span>ti maggapaññāya cattāri saccāni disvā cattāro āsavā khīṇā honti. Sāriputtattherassa samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ āharitvā <a name="P4.0091"></a> arahattaṃ pattavāropi atthi, nirodhasamāpattisamāpannavāropi. Arahattaṃ pattavāro idha gahito, nirodhaṃ pana ciṇṇavasitāya aparāparaṃ samāpajjissatīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatthassa yasmiṃ kāle nirodhasamāpatti sīsaṃ hoti, nirodhassa vāro āgacchati, phalasamāpatti gūḷhā hoti. Yasmiṃ kāle phalasamāpatti sīsaṃ hoti, phalasamāpattiyā vāro āgacchati, nirodhasamāpatti gūḷhā hoti. Jambudīpavāsino therā pana vadanti ‘‘sāriputtatthero samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ āharitvā anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikatvā nirodhaṃ samāpajji, nirodhā vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ patto’’ti. <span class="bld">Te dhamme</span>ti antosamāpattiyaṃ pavatte tisamuṭṭhānikarūpadhamme, heṭṭhā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyaṃ pavattadhamme vā. Tepi hi imasmiṃ vāre vipassitabbadhammāva, tasmā te vā vipassatīti dassetuṃ idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para97"></a><a name="para97_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">97</span>. <span class="bld">Vasippato</span>ti ciṇṇavasitaṃ patto. <span class="bld">Pāramippatto</span>ti nipphattiṃ patto. <span class="bld">Oraso</span>tiādīsu thero bhagavato ure nibbattasaddaṃ sutvā jātoti <span class="bld">oraso,</span> mukhena pabhāvitaṃ saddaṃ sutvā jātoti <span class="bld">mukhato jāto,</span> dhammena pana jātattā nimmitattā <span class="bld">dhammajo dhammanimmito,</span> dhammadāyassa ādiyanato <span class="bld">dhammadāyādo,</span> āmisadāyassa anādiyanato <span class="bld">no āmisadāyādo</span>ti veditabbo. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Anupadasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Chabbisodhanasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para98"></a><a name="para98_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">98</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0064"></a><a name="P4.0092"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti chabbisodhanasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">khīṇā jātī</span>tiādīsu ekenāpi padena aññā byākatāva hoti, dvīhipi. Idha pana catūhi padehi aññabyākaraṇaṃ āgataṃ. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā</span>tiādīsu yāya <a name="M4.0063"></a> cetanāya diṭṭhe diṭṭhaṃ meti vadati, sā diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā nāma. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Ayamanudhammo</span>ti ayaṃ sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Abhinanditabba</span>nti na kevalaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ, parinibbutassa panassa sabbopi khīṇāsavassa sakkāro kātabbo. <span class="bld">Uttariṃ pañho</span>ti sace panassa veyyākaraṇena asantuṭṭhā hotha, uttarimpi ayaṃ pañho pucchitabboti dasseti. Ito paresupi tīsu vāresu ayameva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para99"></a><a name="para99_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">99</span>. <span class="bld">Abala</span>nti dubbalaṃ. <span class="bld">Virāguna</span>nti vigacchanasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Anassāsika</span>nti assāsavirahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Upāyūpādānā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīnametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Taṇhādiṭṭhiyo hi tebhūmakadhamme upentīti <span class="bld">upāyā,</span> upādiyantīti <span class="bld">upādānā. Cetaso adiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā</span>tipi tāsaṃyeva nāmaṃ. Cittañhi taṇhādiṭṭhīhi sakkāyadhammesu tiṭṭhati adhitiṭṭhatīti taṇhādiṭṭhiyo <span class="bld">cetaso adhiṭṭhānā,</span> tāhi taṃ abhinivisatīti <span class="bld">abhinivesā,</span> tāhiyeva taṃ anusetīti <span class="bld">anusayā</span>ti vuccanti. <span class="bld">Khayā</span> <a name="P4.0093"></a> <span class="bld">virāgā</span>tiādīsu khayena virāgenāti attho. Sabbāni cetāni aññamaññavevacanāneva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para100"></a><a name="para100_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">100</span>. <span class="bld">Pathavīdhātū</span>ti patiṭṭhānadhātu. <span class="bld">Āpodhātū</span>ti ābandhanadhātu. <span class="bld">Tejodhātū</span>ti paripācanadhātu. <span class="bld">Vāyodhātū</span>ti vitthambhanadhātu. <span class="bld">Ākāsadhātū</span>ti asamphuṭṭhadhātu. <span class="bld">Viññāṇadhātū</span>ti vijānanadhātu. <span class="bld">Na anattato upagacchi</span>nti ahaṃ attāti attakoṭṭhāsena na upagamiṃ. <span class="bld">Na ca pathavīdhātunissita</span>nti pathavīdhātunissitā sesadhātuyo ca upādārūpañca arūpakkhandhā ca. Tepi hi nissitavatthurūpānaṃ pathavīdhātunissitattā ekena pariyāyena pathavīdhātunissitāva. Tasmā ‘‘na ca pathavīdhātunissita’’nti vadanto sesarūpārūpadhammepi attato na upagacchinti vadati. Ākāsadhātunissitapade pana avinibbhogavasena sabbampi bhūtupādārūpaṃ <span class="bld">ākāsadhātunissitaṃ</span> nāma<a name="V4.0065"></a>, tathā taṃnissitarūpavatthukā arūpakkhandhā. Evaṃ idhāpi rūpārūpaṃ gahitameva hoti. Viññāṇadhātunissitapade pana sahajātā tayo khandhā cittasamuṭṭhānarūpañca <span class="bld">viññāṇadhātunissita</span>nti rūpārūpaṃ gahitameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para101"></a><a name="para101_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">101</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpe cakkhuviññāṇe cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbesu dhammesū</span>ti ettha yaṃ atīte cakkhudvārassa āpāthaṃ āgantvā niruddhaṃ, yañca anāgate āpāthaṃ <a name="M4.0064"></a> āgantvā nirujjhissati, yampi etarahi āgantvā niruddhaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ rūpaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana atītepi āpāthaṃ anāgantvā niruddhaṃ, anāgatepi anāgantvā nirujjhissati, etarahipi anāgantvā niruddhaṃ, taṃ cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbadhammesu saṅgahitanti vutte tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero <a name="P4.0094"></a> āha – ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne dvidhā karotha, upari chandovāre kinti karissatha, nayidaṃ labbhatī’’ti. Tasmā tīsu kālesu āpāthaṃ āgataṃ vā anāgataṃ vā sabbampi taṃ rūpameva, cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttā pana tayo khandhā cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbadhammāti veditabbā. Ayañhettha attho ‘‘cakkhuviññāṇena saddhiṃ viññātabbesu dhammesū’’ti. <span class="bld">Chando</span>ti taṇhāchando. <span class="bld">Rāgo</span>ti sveva rajjanavasena rāgo. <span class="bld">Nandī</span>ti sveva abhinandanavasena nandī. <span class="bld">Taṇhā</span>ti sveva taṇhāyanavasena taṇhā. Sesadvāresupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para102"></a><a name="para102_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">102</span>. <span class="bld">Ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā</span>ti ettha ahaṅkāro māno, mamaṅkāro taṇhā, sveva mānānusayo. <span class="bld">Āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāyā</span>ti idaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ dibbacakkhuñca avatvā kasmā vuttaṃ? Bhikkhū lokiyadhammaṃ na pucchanti, lokuttarameva pucchanti, tasmā pucchitapañhaṃyeva kathento evamāha. Ekavissajjitasuttaṃ nāmetaṃ, chabbisodhanantipissa nāmaṃ. Ettha hi cattāro vohārā pañca khandhā cha dhātuyo cha ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni attano saviññāṇakakāyo paresaṃ saviññāṇakakāyoti ime cha koṭṭhāsā visuddhā, tasmā ‘‘chabbisodhaniya’’nti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Parasamuddavāsittherā</span> pana attano ca parassa ca viññāṇakakāyaṃ ekameva katvā catūhi <a name="P4.0095"></a> āhārehi saddhinti cha koṭṭhāse vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime pana cha koṭṭhāsā ‘‘kiṃ te adhigataṃ, kinti te adhigataṃ, kadā te adhigataṃ, kattha <a name="V4.0066"></a> te adhigataṃ, katame te kilesā pahīnā, katamesaṃ tvaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhī’’ti (pārā. 198) evaṃ vinayaniddesapariyāyena sodhetabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha hi <span class="bld">kiṃ te adhigata</span>nti adhigamapucchā, jhānavimokkhādīsu sotāpattimaggādīsu vā kiṃ tayā adhigataṃ. <span class="bld">Kinti te adhigata</span>nti upāyapucchā. Ayañhi etthādhippāyo – kiṃ tayā aniccalakkhaṇaṃ dhuraṃ katvā adhigataṃ, dukkhānattalakkhaṇesu aññataraṃ vā, kiṃ vā samādhivasena abhinivisitvā<a name="M4.0065"></a>, udāhu vipassanāvasena, tathā kiṃ rūpe abhinivisitvā, udāhu arūpe, kiṃ vā ajjhattaṃ abhinivisitvā, udāhu bahiddhāti. <span class="bld">Kadā te adhigata</span>nti kālapucchā, pubbaṇhamajjhanhikādīsu katarasmiṃ kāleti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kattha te adhigata</span>nti okāsapucchā, kismiṃ okāse, kiṃ rattiṭṭhāne divāṭṭhāne rukkhamūle maṇḍape katarasmiṃ vā vihāreti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Katame te kilesā pahīnā</span>ti pahīnakilese pucchati, kataramaggavajjhā tava kilesā pahīnāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Katamesaṃ tvaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhī</span>ti paṭiladdhadhammapucchā, paṭhamamaggādīsu katamesaṃ tvaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā idāni cepi koci bhikkhu uttarimanussadhammādhigamaṃ byākareyya, na so ettāvatāva sakkātabbo. Imesu pana chasu ṭhānesu sodhanatthaṃ vattabbo ‘‘kiṃ te adhigataṃ, kiṃ jhānaṃ udāhu vimokkhādīsu aññatara’’nti? Yo hi yena adhigato dhammo, so tassa pākaṭo hoti. Sace ‘‘idaṃ nāma me adhigata’’nti vadati, tato ‘‘kinti te adhigata’’nti pucchitabbo. Aniccalakkhaṇādīsu kiṃ dhuraṃ katvā, aṭṭhatiṃsāya vā ārammaṇesu <a name="P4.0096"></a> rūpārūpaajjhattabahiddhādibhedesu vā dhammesu kena mukhena abhinivisitvāti? Yo hi yassābhiniveso, so tassa pākaṭo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace pana ‘‘ayaṃ nāma me abhiniveso, evaṃ mayā adhigata’’nti vadati, tato ‘‘kadā te adhigata’’nti pucchitabbo, ‘‘kiṃ pubbaṇhe, udāhu majjhanhikādīsu aññatarasmiṃ kāle’’ti<a name="V4.0067"></a>? Sabbesañhi attanā adhigatakālo pākaṭo hoti. Sace ‘‘amukasmiṃ nāma me kāle adhigata’’nti vadati, tato ‘‘kattha te adhigata’’nti pucchitabbo, ‘‘kiṃ divāṭṭhāne, udāhu rattiṭṭhānādīsu aññatarasmiṃ okāse’’ti? Sabbesañhi attanā adhigatokāso pākaṭo hoti. Sace ‘‘amukasmiṃ nāma me okāse adhigata’’nti vadati, tato ‘‘katame te kilesā pahīnā’’ti pucchitabbo, ‘‘kiṃ paṭhamamaggavajjhā, udāhu dutiyādimaggavajjhā’’ti? Sabbesañhi attanā adhigatamaggena pahīnakilesā pākaṭā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sace <a name="M4.0066"></a> ‘‘ime nāma me kilesā pahīnā’’ti vadati, tato ‘‘katamesaṃ tvaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhī’’ti pucchitabbo, ‘‘kiṃ sotāpattimaggassa, udāhu sakadāgāmimaggādīsu aññatarassā’’ti? Sabbesañhi attanā adhigatadhammo pākaṭo hoti. Sace ‘‘imesaṃ nāmāhaṃ dhammānaṃ lābhī’’ti vadati, ettāvatāpissa vacanaṃ na saddhātabbaṃ. Bahussutā hi uggahaparipucchākusalā bhikkhū imāni cha ṭhānāni sodhetuṃ sakkonti. Imassa bhikkhuno āgamanapaṭipadā sodhetabbā, yadi āgamanapaṭipadā na sujjhati, ‘‘imāya paṭipadāya lokuttaradhammā nāma na labbhantī’’ti apanetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi panassa āgamanapaṭipadā sujjhati, ‘‘dīgharattaṃ tīsu sikkhāsu appamatto jāgariyamanuyutto catūsu paccayesu alaggo ākāse pāṇisamena cetasā viharatī’’ti paññāyati, tassa bhikkhuno byākaraṇaṃ paṭipadāya <a name="P4.0097"></a> saddhiṃ saṃsandati sameti. ‘‘Seyyathāpi nāma gaṅgodakaṃ yamunodakena saddhiṃ saṃsandati sameti, evameva supaññattā tena bhagavatā sāvakānaṃ nibbānagāminī paṭipadā saṃsandati sameti nibbānañca paṭipadā cā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.296) vuttasadisaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica kho ettakenāpi sakkāro na kātabbo. Kasmā? Ekaccassa hi puthujjanassāpi sato khīṇāsavapaṭipattisadisā paṭipadā hoti. Tasmā so bhikkhu tehi tehi upāyehi uttāsetabbo. Khīṇāsavassa nāma asaniyāpi matthake patamānāya bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā na hoti, puthujjanassa appamattakenāpi hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrimāni <a name="V4.0068"></a> vatthūni – dīghabhāṇakaabhayatthero kira ekaṃ piṇḍapātikaṃ pariggahetuṃ asakkonto daharassa saññaṃ adāsi. So taṃ nhāyamānaṃ kalyāṇīnadīmukhadvāre nimujjitvā pāde aggahesi. Piṇḍapātiko kumbhīloti saññāya mahāsaddamakāsi, tadā naṃ puthujjanoti sañjāniṃsu. Candamukhatissarājakāle pana mahāvihāre saṅghatthero khīṇāsavo dubbalacakkhuko vihāreyeva acchi. Rājā theraṃ pariggaṇhissāmīti bhikkhūsu bhikkhācāraṃ gatesu appasaddo upasaṅkamitvā sappo viya pāde aggahesi. Thero silāthambho viya niccalo hutvā ko etthāti āha<a name="M4.0067"></a>? Ahaṃ, bhante, tissoti. Sugandhaṃ vāyasi no tissāti? Evaṃ khīṇāsavassa bhayaṃ nāma natthīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ekacco pana puthujjanopi atisūro hoti nibbhayo. So rañjanīyena ārammaṇena pariggaṇhitabbo. Vasabharājāpi hi ekaṃ theraṃ pariggaṇhamāno ghare nisīdāpetvā tassa <a name="P4.0098"></a> santike badarasāḷavaṃ maddamāno nisīdi. Mahātherassa kheḷo cali, tato therassa puthujjanabhāvo āvibhūto. Khīṇāsavassa hi rasataṇhā nāma suppahīnā, dibbesupi rasesu nikanti nāma na hoti. Tasmā imehi upāyehi pariggahetvā sacassa bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā rasataṇhā vā uppajjati, na tvaṃ arahāti apanetabbo. Sace pana abhīrū acchambhī anutrāsī hutvā sīho viya nisīdati, dibbārammaṇepi nikantiṃ na janeti. Ayaṃ bhikkhu sampannaveyyākaraṇo samantā rājarājamahāmattādīhi pesitaṃ sakkāraṃ arahatīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Chabbisodhanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Sappurisadhammasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para105"></a><a name="para105_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">105</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0069"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sappurisadhammasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sappurisadhamma</span>nti sappurisānaṃ dhammaṃ. <span class="bld">Asappurisadhamma</span>nti pāpapurisānaṃ dhammaṃ. Evaṃ mātikaṃ ṭhapetvāpi puna yathā nāma maggakusalo puriso vāmaṃ muñcitvā dakkhiṇaṃ gaṇhāti. Paṭhamaṃ muñcitabbaṃ katheti, evaṃ pahātabbaṃ dhammaṃ paṭhamaṃ desento <span class="bld">katamo ca, bhikkhave, asappurisadhammo</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">uccākulā</span>ti khattiyakulā vā brāhmaṇakulā vā. Etadeva hi kuladvayaṃ ‘‘uccākula’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">So tattha pujjo</span>ti so bhikkhu tesu bhikkhūsu pūjāraho. <span class="bld">Antaraṃ karitvā</span>ti abbhantaraṃ katvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Mahākulā</span>ti khattiyakulā vā brāhmaṇakulā vā vessakulā <a name="P4.0099"></a> vā. Idameva hi kulattayaṃ ‘‘mahākula’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Mahābhogakulā</span>ti mahantehi <a name="M4.0068"></a> bhogehi samannāgatā kulā. <span class="bld">Uḷārabhogakulā</span>ti uḷārehi paṇītehi bhogehi sampannakulā. Imasmiṃ padadvaye cattāripi kulāni labbhanti. Yattha katthaci kule jāto hi puññabalehi mahābhogopi uḷārabhogopi hotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para106"></a><a name="para106_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">106</span>. <span class="bld">Yasassī</span>ti parivārasampanno. <span class="bld">Appaññātā</span>ti rattiṃ khittasarā viya saṅghamajjhādīsu na paññāyanti. <span class="bld">Appesakkhā</span>ti appaparivārā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para107"></a><a name="para107_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">107</span>. <span class="bld">Āraññiko</span>ti samādinnaāraññikadhutaṅgo. Sesadhutaṅgesupi eseva nayo. Imasmiñca sutte pāḷiyaṃ naveva dhutaṅgāni āgatāni, vitthārena panetāni terasa honti. Tesu yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ sabbaṃ sabbākārena <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> dhutaṅganiddese vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para108"></a><a name="para108_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">108</span>. <span class="bld">Atammayatā</span>ti tammayatā vuccati taṇhā, nittaṇhāti attho. <span class="bld">Atammayataññeva antaraṃ karitvā</span>ti nittaṇhataṃyeva kāraṇaṃ katvā abbhantaraṃ vā katvā, citte uppādetvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nirodhavāre <a name="V4.0070"></a> yasmā anāgāmikhīṇāsavāva taṃ samāpattiṃ samāpajjanti, puthujjanassa sā natthi, tasmā asappurisavāro parihīno. <span class="bld">Na kañci maññatī</span>ti kañci puggalaṃ tīhi maññanāhi na maññati. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="P4.0100"></a> <span class="bld">kuhiñci maññatī</span>ti kismiñci okāse na maññati. <span class="bld">Na kenaci maññatī</span>ti kenaci vatthunāpi taṃ puggalaṃ na maññati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sappurisadhammasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Sevitabbāsevitabbasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para109"></a><a name="para109_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">109</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0071"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti sevitabbāsevitabbasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tañca aññamaññaṃ kāyasamācāra</span>nti aññaṃ sevitabbaṃ kāyasamācāraṃ, aññaṃ asevitabbaṃ vadāmi, sevitabbameva kenaci pariyāyena asevitabbanti, asevitabbaṃ vā sevitabbanti ca na vadāmīti attho. Vacīsamācārādīsu eseva nayo. Iti <a name="M4.0069"></a> bhagavā sattahi padehi mātikaṃ ṭhapetvā vitthārato avibhajitvāva desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Kasmā? Sāriputtattherassa okāsakaraṇatthaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para113"></a><a name="para113_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">113</span>. <span class="bld">Manosamācāre</span> micchādiṭṭhisammādiṭṭhiyo diṭṭhipaṭilābhavasena visuṃ aṅgaṃ hutvā ṭhitāti na gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para114"></a><a name="para114_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">114</span>. <span class="bld">Cittuppāde</span> akammapathappattā abhijjhādayo veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para115"></a><a name="para115_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">115</span>. Saññāpaṭilābhavāre <span class="bld">abhijjhāsahagatāya saññāyā</span>tiādīni kāmasaññādīnaṃ dassanatthaṃ vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para117"></a><a name="para117_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">117</span>. <span class="bld">Sabyābajjha</span>nti sadukkhaṃ. <span class="bld">Apariniṭṭhitabhāvāyā</span>ti bhavānaṃ apariniṭṭhitabhāvāya. Ettha ca sabyābajjhattabhāvā nāma cattāro honti. Puthujjanopi hi yo tenattabhāvena bhavaṃ pariniṭṭhāpetuṃ na sakkoti, tassa paṭisandhito paṭṭhāya akusalā dhammā vaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā ca parihāyanti, sadukkhameva <a name="P4.0101"></a> attabhāvaṃ abhinibbatteti nāma. Tathā sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmino. Puthujjanādayo tāva hontu, anāgāmī kathaṃ sabyābajjhaṃ attabhāvaṃ abhinibbatteti, kathañcassa akusalā dhammā abhivaḍḍhanti, kusalā dhammā parihāyantīti. Anāgāmīpi hi suddhāvāse nibbatto uyyānavimānakapparukkhe oloketvā ‘‘aho sukhaṃ aho sukha’’nti udānaṃ udāneti, anāgāmino bhavalobho bhavataṇhā appahīnāva honti, tassa appahīnataṇhatāya akusalā vaḍḍhanti nāma, kusalā parihāyanti nāma, sadukkhameva attabhāvaṃ abhinibbatteti, apariniṭṭhitabhavoyeva hotīti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abyābajjha</span>nti <a name="V4.0072"></a> adukkhaṃ. Ayampi catunnaṃ janānaṃ vasena veditabbo. Yo hi puthujjanopi tenattabhāvena bhavaṃ pariniṭṭhāpetuṃ sakkoti, puna paṭisandhiṃ na gaṇhāti, tassa paṭisandhiggahaṇato paṭṭhāya akusalā parihāyanti, kusalāyeva vaḍḍhanti, adukkhameva attabhāvaṃ nibbatteti, pariniṭṭhitabhavoyeva nāma hoti. Tathā sotāpannasakadāgāmianāgāmino. Sotāpannādayo tāva hontu, puthujjano kathaṃ abyābajjhaattabhāvaṃ nibbatteti, kathañcassa akusalaparihāniādīni hontīti. Puthujjanopi pacchimabhaviko tenattabhāvena bhavaṃ pariniṭṭhāpetuṃ samattho hoti. Tassa <a name="M4.0070"></a> aṅgulimālassa viya ekenūnapāṇasahassaṃ ghātentassāpi attabhāvo abyābajjhoyeva nāma, bhavaṃ pariniṭṭhāpetiyeva nāma. Akusalameva hāyati, vipassanameva gabbhaṃ gaṇhāpeti nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para119"></a><a name="para119_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">119</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññeyya</span>ntiādīsu yasmā ekaccassa tasmiṃyeva rūpe rāgādayo uppajjanti, abhinandati assādeti, abhinandanto <a name="P4.0102"></a> assādento anayabyasanaṃ pāpuṇāti, ekaccassa nuppajjanti, nibbindati virajjati, nibbindanto virajjanto nibbutiṃ pāpuṇāti, tasmā ‘‘tañca aññamañña’’nti na vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājāneyyu</span>nti ettha ke bhagavato imassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti, ke na ājānantīti? Ye tāva imassa suttassa pāḷiñca aṭṭhakathañca uggaṇhitvā takkarā na honti, yathāvuttaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ na paṭipajjanti, te na ājānanti nāma. Ye pana takkarā honti, yathāvuttaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjanti, te ājānanti nāma. Evaṃ santepi sapaṭisandhikānaṃ tāva dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hotu, appaṭisandhikānaṃ kathaṃ hotīti. Appaṭisandhikā anupādānā viya jātavedā parinibbāyanti, kappasatasahassānampi accayena tesaṃ puna dukkhaṃ nāma natthi. Iti ekaṃsena tesaṃyeva dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya hoti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Sevitabbāsevitabbasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Bahudhātukasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para124"></a><a name="para124_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">124</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0073"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bahudhātukasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bhayānī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">bhaya</span>nti cittutrāso. <span class="bld">Upaddavo</span>ti anekaggatākāro. <span class="bld">Upasaggo</span>ti upasaṭṭhākāro tattha tattha lagganākāro. Tesaṃ evaṃ nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ – pabbatādivisamanissitā corā janapadavāsīnaṃ pesenti ‘‘mayaṃ asukadivase nāma tumhākaṃ gāmaṃ paharissāmā’’ti. Taṃ pavattiṃ sutakālato <a name="M4.0071"></a><a name="P4.0103"></a> paṭṭhāya bhayaṃ santāsaṃ āpajjanti. Ayaṃ cittutrāso nāma. ‘‘Idha no corā kupitā anatthampi āvaheyyu’’nti hatthasāraṃ gahetvā dvipadacatuppadehi saddhiṃ araññaṃ pavisitvā tattha tattha bhūmiyaṃ nipajjanti, ḍaṃsamakasādīhi khajjamānā gumbantarāni pavisanti, khāṇukaṇṭake maddanti. Tesaṃ evaṃ vicarantānaṃ vikkhittabhāvo anekaggatākāro nāma. Tato coresu yathāvutte divase anāgacchantesu ‘‘tucchakasāsanaṃ taṃ bhavissati, gāmaṃ pavisissāmā’’ti saparikkhārā gāmaṃ pavisanti, atha tesaṃ paviṭṭhabhāvaṃ ñatvā gāmaṃ parivāretvā dvāre aggiṃ datvā manusse ghātetvā corā sabbaṃ vibhavaṃ vilumpetvā gacchanti. Tesu ghātitāvasesā aggiṃ nibbāpetvā koṭṭhacchāyabhitticchāyādīsu tattha tattha laggitvā nisīdanti naṭṭhaṃ anusocamānā. Ayaṃ upasaṭṭhākāro lagganākāro nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Naḷāgārā</span>ti naḷehi paricchannā agārā, sesasambhārā panettha rukkhamayā honti. Tiṇāgārepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bālato uppajjantī</span>ti bālameva nissāya uppajjanti. Bālo hi apaṇḍitapuriso rajjaṃ vā uparajjaṃ vā aññaṃ vā pana mahantaṃ ṭhānaṃ patthento katipaye attanā sadise vidhavāputte mahādhutte gahetvā ‘‘etha ahaṃ tumhe issare karissāmī’’ti pabbatagahanādīni nissāya antante gāme paharanto dāmarikabhāvaṃ jānāpetvā anupubbena nigamepi janapadepi paharati, manussā gehāni chaḍḍetvā khemantaṭṭhānaṃ patthayamānā pakkamanti, te nissāya vasantā bhikkhūpi bhikkhuniyopi attano attano vasanaṭṭhānāni pahāya pakkamanti. Gatagataṭṭhāne bhikkhāpi senāsanampi <a name="P4.0104"></a> dullabhaṃ hoti. Evaṃ catunnaṃ parisānaṃ bhayaṃ āgatameva hoti. Pabbajitesupi dve bālā bhikkhū aññamaññaṃ vivādaṃ paṭṭhapetvā codanaṃ ārabhanti<a name="V4.0074"></a>. Iti kosambivāsikānaṃ viya mahākalaho uppajjati, catunnaṃ parisānaṃ bhayaṃ āgatameva hotīti evaṃ yāni kānici bhayāni uppajjanti, sabbāni tāni bālato uppajjantīti veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti bhagavatā dhammadesanā matthakaṃ apāpetvāva niṭṭhāpitā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ dasabalaṃ pucchitvā sabbaññutaññāṇenevassa desanāya pāripūriṃ kareyyanti <a name="M4.0072"></a> cintetvā etaṃ ‘‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante’’tiādivacanaṃ avoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para125"></a><a name="para125_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">125</span>. Aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggaho, aḍḍhaṭṭhamakadhātuyo arūpapariggahoti rūpārūpapariggahova kathito. Sabbāpi khandhavasena pañcakkhandhā honti. Pañcapi khandhā dukkhasaccaṃ, tesaṃ samuṭṭhāpikā taṇhā samudayasaccaṃ, ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodhasaccaṃ, nirodhapajānanā paṭipadā maggasaccaṃ. Iti catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato panetā dhātuyo <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> kathitāva. <span class="bld">Jānāti passatī</span>ti saha vipassanāya maggo vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pathavīdhātuādayo saviññāṇakakāyaṃ suññato nissattato dassetuṃ vuttā. Tāpi purimāhi aṭṭhārasahi dhātūhi pūretabbā. Pūrentena viññāṇadhātuto nīharitvā pūretabbā. Viññāṇadhātu hesā cakkhuviññāṇādivasena chabbidhā hoti. Tattha cakkhuviññāṇadhātuyā pariggahitāya tassā vatthu cakkhudhātu, ārammaṇaṃ rūpadhātūti dve dhātuyo pariggahitāva <a name="P4.0105"></a> honti. Esa nayo sabbattha. Manoviññāṇadhātuyā pana pariggahitāya tassā purimapacchimavasena manodhātu, ārammaṇavasena dhammadhātūti dve dhātuyo pariggahitāva honti. Iti imāsu aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggahoti purimanayeneva idampi ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhadhātū</span>tiādīsu sukhañca taṃ nissattasuññataṭṭhena dhātu cāti sukhadhātu. Esa nayo sabbattha. Ettha ca purimā catasso dhātuyo sappaṭipakkhavasena gahitā, pacchimā dve sarikkhakavasena. Avibhūtabhāvena hi upekkhādhātu avijjādhātuyā sarikkhā. Ettha ca sukhadukkhadhātūsu <a name="V4.0075"></a> pariggahitāsu kāyaviññāṇadhātu pariggahitāva hoti, sesāsu pariggahitāsu manoviññāṇadhātu pariggahitāva hoti. Imāpi cha dhātuyo heṭṭhā aṭṭhārasahiyeva pūretabbā. Pūrentena upekkhādhātuto nīharitvā pūretabbā. Iti imāsu aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggahoti <a name="M4.0073"></a> purimanayeneva idampi ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmadhātuādīnaṃ dvedhāvitakke (ma. ni. 1.206) kāmavitakkādīsu vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Abhidhammepi ‘‘tattha katamā kāmadhātu, kāmapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko’’tiādinā (vibha. 182) nayeneva etāsaṃ vitthāro āgatoyeva. Imāpi cha dhātuyo heṭṭhā aṭṭhārasahiyeva pūretabbā. Pūrentena kāmadhātuto nīharitvā pūretabbā. Iti imāsu aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggahoti purimanayeneva idampi ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmadhātuādīsu pañca kāmāvacarakkhandhā <a name="P4.0106"></a> kāmadhātu nāma, pañca rūpāvacarakkhandhā rūpadhātu nāma, cattāro arūpāvacarakkhandhā arūpadhātu nāma. Abhidhamme pana ‘‘tattha katamā kāmadhātu, heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā’’tiādinā (vibha. 182) nayena etāsaṃ vitthāro āgatoyeva. Imāpi tisso dhātuyo heṭṭhā aṭṭhārasahiyeva pūretabbā. Pūrentena kāmadhātuto nīharitvā pūretabbā. Iti imāsu aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggahoti purimanayeneva idampi ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saṅkhatā</span>ti paccayehi samāgantvā katā, pañcannaṃ khandhānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Na saṅkhatā <span class="bld">asaṅkhatā</span>. Nibbānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Imāpi dve dhātuyo heṭṭhā aṭṭhārasahiyeva pūretabbā. Pūrentena saṅkhatadhātuto nīharitvā pūretabbā. Iti imāsu aṭṭhārasasu dhātūsu aḍḍhekādasadhātuyo rūpapariggahoti purimanayeneva idampi ekassa bhikkhuno niggamanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para126"></a><a name="para126_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">126</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhattikabāhirānī</span>ti ajjhattikāni ca bāhirāni ca. Ettha hi cakkhuādīni ajjhattikāni cha, rūpādīni bāhirāni cha. Idhāpi <span class="bld">jānāti passatī</span>ti saha vipassanāya maggo kathito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imasmiṃ</span> <a name="V4.0076"></a> <span class="bld">sati ida</span>ntiādi mahātaṇhāsaṅkhaye vitthāritameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para127"></a><a name="para127_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">127</span>. <span class="bld">Aṭṭhāna</span>nti <a name="M4.0074"></a> hetupaṭikkhepo. <span class="bld">Anavakāso</span>ti paccayapaṭikkhepo. Ubhayenāpi kāraṇameva paṭikkhipati. Kāraṇañhi tadāyattavuttitāya attano phalassa ṭhānanti ca avakāsoti ca vuccati. <span class="bld">Ya</span>nti yena kāraṇena. <span class="bld">Diṭṭhisampanno</span>ti <a name="P4.0107"></a> maggadiṭṭhiyā sampanno sotāpanno ariyasāvako. <span class="bld">Kañci saṅkhāra</span>nti catubhūmakesu saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu kañci ekasaṅkhārampi. <span class="bld">Niccato upagaccheyyā</span>ti niccoti gaṇheyya. <span class="bld">Netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī</span>ti etaṃ kāraṇaṃ natthi na upalabbhati. <span class="bld">Yaṃ puthujjano</span>ti yena kāraṇena puthujjano. <span class="bld">Ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī</span>ti etaṃ kāraṇaṃ atthi. Sassatadiṭṭhiyā hi so tebhūmakesu saṅkhatasaṅkhāresu kañci saṅkhāraṃ niccato gaṇheyyāti attho. Catutthabhūmakasaṅkhārā pana tejussadattā divasaṃ santatto ayoguḷo viya makkhikānaṃ diṭṭhiyā vā aññesaṃ vā akusalānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ na honti. Iminā nayena <span class="bld">kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato</span>tiādīsupi attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sukhato upagaccheyyā</span>ti ‘‘ekantasukhī attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā’’ti (ma. ni. 3.21, 22) evaṃ attadiṭṭhivasena sukhato gāhaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Diṭṭhivippayuttacittena pana ariyasāvako pariḷāhābhibhūto pariḷāhavūpasamatthaṃ mattahatthiṃ parittāsito viya, cokkhabrāhmaṇo viya ca gūthaṃ kañci saṅkhāraṃ sukhato upagacchati. Attavāre kasiṇādipaṇṇattisaṅgahatthaṃ saṅkhāranti avatvā kañci dhammanti vuttaṃ. Idhāpi ariyasāvakassa catubhūmakavasena veditabbo, puthujjanassa tebhūmakavasena. Sabbavāresu ariyasāvakassāpi tebhūmakavaseneva paricchedo vaṭṭati. Yaṃ yañhi puthujjano <a name="P4.0108"></a> gaṇhāti, tato tato ariyasāvako gāhaṃ viniveṭheti. Puthujjano hi yaṃ yaṃ niccaṃ sukhaṃ attāti gaṇhāti, taṃ taṃ ariyasāvako aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti gaṇhanto taṃ gāhaṃ viniveṭheti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para128"></a><a name="para128_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">128</span>. <span class="bld">Mātara</span>ntiādīsu janikāva mātā, janako pitā, manussabhūtova khīṇāsavo arahāti adhippeto. Kiṃ pana ariyasāvako aññaṃ jīvitā voropeyyāti? Etampi aṭṭhānaṃ. Sacepi hi bhavantaragataṃ ariyasāvakaṃ <a name="M4.0075"></a> attano ariyabhāvaṃ ajānantampi koci evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘imaṃ kunthakipillikaṃ jīvitā voropetvā sakalacakkavāḷagabbhe cakkavattirajjaṃ paṭipajjāhī’’ti<a name="V4.0077"></a>, neva so taṃ jīvitā voropeyya. Athāpi naṃ evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘sace imaṃ na ghātessasi, sīsaṃ te chindissāmā’’ti. Sīsamevassa chindeyya, na ca so taṃ ghāteyya. Puthujjanabhāvassa pana mahāsāvajjabhāvadassanatthaṃ ariyasāvakassa ca baladīpanatthametaṃ vuttaṃ. Ayañhettha adhippāyo – sāvajjo puthujjanabhāvo, yatra hi nāma puthujjano mātughātādīnipi ānantariyāni karissati. Mahābalo ca ariyasāvako, yo etāni kammāni na karotīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duṭṭhacitto</span>ti vadhakacittena paduṭṭhacitto. <span class="bld">Lohitaṃ uppādeyyā</span>ti jīvamānakasarīre khuddakamakkhikāya pivanamattampi lohitaṃ uppādeyya. <span class="bld">Saṅghaṃ bhindeyyā</span>ti samānasaṃvāsakaṃ samānasīmāya ṭhitaṃ pañcahi kāraṇehi saṅghaṃ bhindeyya. Vuttañhetaṃ ‘‘pañcahupāli ākārehi saṅgho bhijjati. Kammena uddesena voharanto anussāvanena salākaggāhenā’’ti (pari. 458).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="P4.0109"></a> <span class="bld">kammenā</span>ti apalokanādīsu catūsu kammesu aññatarena kammena. <span class="bld">Uddesenā</span>ti pañcasu pātimokkhuddesesu aññatarena uddesena. <span class="bld">Voharanto</span>ti kathayanto, tāhi tāhi uppattīhi adhammaṃ dhammotiādīni aṭṭhārasa bhedakaravatthūni dīpento. <span class="bld">Anussāvanenā</span>ti nanu tumhe jānātha mayhaṃ uccākulā pabbajitabhāvaṃ bahussutabhāvañca, mādiso nāma uddhammaṃ ubbinayaṃ satthusāsanaṃ gāheyyāti cittampi uppādetuṃ tumhākaṃ yuttaṃ, kiṃ mayhaṃ avīci nīluppalavanaṃ viya sītalo, kiṃ ahaṃ apāyato na bhāyāmītiādinā nayena kaṇṇamūle vacībhedaṃ katvā anussāvanena. <span class="bld">Salākaggāhenā</span>ti evaṃ anussāvetvā tesaṃ cittaṃ upatthambhetvā anivattidhamme katvā ‘‘gaṇhatha imaṃ salāka’’nti salākaggāhena.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca kammameva uddeso vā pamāṇaṃ, vohārānussāvanasalākaggāhā pana pubbabhāgā. Aṭṭhārasavatthudīpanavasena hi voharantena tattha rucijananatthaṃ anussāvetvā salākāya gāhitāyapi abhinnova hoti saṅgho. Yadā pana evaṃ cattāro vā atirekā vā salākaṃ gāhetvā āveṇikaṃ <a name="M4.0076"></a> kammaṃ vā uddesaṃ vā karonti, tadā saṅgho bhinno nāma hoti. Evaṃ diṭṭhisampanno puggalo saṅghaṃ bhindeyyāti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Ettāvatā mātughātādīni pañca ānantariyakammāni dassitāni honti, yāni puthujjano karoti, na ariyasāvako, tesaṃ āvibhāvatthaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Kammato <a name="V4.0078"></a> dvārato ceva, kappaṭṭhitiyato tathā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Pākasādhāraṇādīhi, viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">kammato</span> tāva – ettha hi manussabhūtasseva manussabhūtaṃ mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā api parivattaliṅgaṃ jīvitā voropentassa kammaṃ ānantariyaṃ hoti, tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhissāmīti sakalacakkavāḷaṃ mahācetiyappamāṇehi <a name="P4.0110"></a> kañcanathūpehi pūretvāpi sakalacakkavāḷaṃ pūretvā nisinnabhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvāpi buddhassa bhagavato saṅghāṭikaṇṇaṃ amuñcanto vicaritvāpi kāyassa bhedā nirayameva upapajjati. Yo pana sayaṃ manussabhūto tiracchānabhūtaṃ mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā, sayaṃ vā tiracchānabhūto manussabhūtaṃ, tiracchānoyeva vā tiracchānabhūtaṃ jīvitā voropeti, tassa kammaṃ ānantariyaṃ na hoti, bhāriyaṃ pana hoti, ānantariyaṃ āhacceva tiṭṭhati. Manussajātikānaṃ pana vasena ayaṃ pañho kathito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha eḷakacatukkaṃ saṅgāmacatukkaṃ coracatukkañca kathetabbaṃ. Eḷakaṃ māremīti abhisandhināpi hi eḷakaṭṭhāne ṭhitaṃ manusso manussabhūtaṃ mātaraṃ vā pitaraṃ vā mārento ānantariyaṃ phusati. Eḷakābhisandhinā pana mātāpitāabhisandhinā vā eḷakaṃ mārento ānantariyaṃ na phusati. Mātāpitāabhisandhinā mātāpitaro mārento phusateva. Eseva nayo itarasmimpi catukkadvaye. Yathā ca mātāpitūsu, evaṃ arahantepi etāni catukkāni veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Manussaarahantameva māretvā ānantariyaṃ phusati, na yakkhabhūtaṃ. Kammaṃ pana bhāriyaṃ, ānantariyasadisameva. Manussaarahantassa ca puthujjanakāleyeva satthappahāre vā vise vā dinnepi yadi so arahattaṃ patvā teneva marati, arahantaghāto hotiyeva. Yaṃ pana puthujjanakāle dinnaṃ dānaṃ arahattaṃ patvā paribhuñjati, puthujjanasseva dinnaṃ hoti. Sesaariyapuggale <a name="M4.0077"></a> mārentassa ānantariyaṃ natthi. Kammaṃ pana bhāriyaṃ, ānantariyasadisameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lohituppāde</span> tathāgatassa abhejjakāyatāya parūpakkamena cammacchedaṃ katvā lohitapaggharaṇaṃ nāma natthi. Sarīrassa pana antoyeva ekasmiṃyeva ṭhāne lohitaṃ samosarati. Devadattena paviddhasilato <a name="V4.0079"></a> bhijjitvā gatā sakalikāpi <a name="P4.0111"></a> tathāgatassa pādantaṃ pahari, pharasunā pahaṭo viya pādo antolohitoyeva ahosi. Tathā karontassa ānantariyaṃ hoti. Jīvako pana tathāgatassa ruciyā satthakena cammaṃ chinditvā tamhā ṭhānā duṭṭhalohitaṃ nīharitvā phāsumakāsi, tathā karontassa puññakammameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha ye ca parinibbute tathāgate cetiyaṃ bhindanti, bodhiṃ chindanti dhātumhi upakkamanti, tesaṃ kiṃ hotīti? Bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ hoti ānantariyasadisaṃ. Sadhātukaṃ pana thūpaṃ vā paṭimaṃ vā bādhamānaṃ bodhisākhaṃ chindituṃ vaṭṭati. Sacepi tattha nilīnā sakuṇā cetiye vaccaṃ pātenti, chindituṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Paribhogacetiyato hi sarīracetiyaṃ mahantataraṃ. Cetiyavatthuṃ bhinditvā gacchantaṃ bodhimūlampi chinditvā harituṃ vaṭṭati. Yā pana bodhisākhā bodhigharaṃ bādhati, taṃ geharakkhaṇatthaṃ chindituṃ na labhati, bodhiatthañhi gehaṃ, na gehatthāya bodhi. Āsanagharepi eseva nayo. Yasmiṃ pana āsanaghare dhātu nihitā hoti, tassa rakkhaṇatthāya bodhisākhaṃ chindituṃ vaṭṭati. Bodhijagganatthaṃ ojoharaṇasākhaṃ vā pūtiṭṭhānaṃ vā chindituṃ vaṭṭatiyeva, bhagavato sarīrapaṭijaggane viya puññampi hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Saṅghabhede sīmaṭṭhakasaṅghe asannipatite visuṃ parisaṃ gahetvā katavohārānussāvana-salākaggāhassa kammaṃ vā karontassa, uddesaṃ vā uddisantassa bhedo ca hoti ānantariyakammañca. Samaggasaññāya pana vaṭṭatīti kammaṃ karontassa bhedova hoti, na ānantariyakammaṃ, tathā navato ūnaparisāyaṃ. Sabbantimena paricchedena <a name="P4.0112"></a> navannaṃ janānaṃ yo saṅghaṃ bhindati<a name="M4.0078"></a>, tassa ānantariyakammaṃ hoti. Anuvattakānaṃ adhammavādīnaṃ mahāsāvajjakammaṃ. Dhammavādino pana anavajjā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha navannameva saṅghabhede idaṃ suttaṃ – ‘‘ekato upāli cattāro honti, ekato cattāro, navamo anussāveti, salākaṃ gāheti ‘ayaṃ dhammo ayaṃ vinayo idaṃ satthusāsanaṃ, idaṃ gaṇhatha, imaṃ rocethā’ti, evaṃ kho, upāli, saṅgharāji ceva hoti saṅghabhedo ca. Navannaṃ vā, upāli, atirekanavannaṃ vā saṅgharāji ceva hoti saṅghabhedo cā’’ti (cūḷava. 351). Etesu pana pañcasu <a name="V4.0080"></a> saṅghabhedo vacīkammaṃ, sesāni kāyakammānīti. Evaṃ kammato viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvārato</span>ti sabbāneva cetāni kāyadvāratopi vacīdvāratopi samuṭṭhahanti. Purimāni panettha cattāri āṇattikavijjāmayapayogavasena vacīdvārato samuṭṭhahitvāpi kāyadvārameva pūrenti, saṅghabhedo hatthamuddāya bhedaṃ karontassa kāyadvārato samuṭṭhahitvāpi vacīdvārameva pūretīti. Evamettha dvāratopi viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kappaṭṭhitiyato</span>ti saṅghabhedoyeva cettha kappaṭṭhitiyo. Saṇṭhahante hi kappe kappavemajjhe vā saṅghabhedaṃ katvā kappavināseyeva muccati. Sacepi hi sveva kappo vinassissatīti ajja saṅghabhedaṃ karoti, sveva muccati, ekadivasameva niraye paccati. Evaṃ karaṇaṃ pana natthi. Sesāni cattāri kammāni ānantariyāneva honti, na kappaṭṭhitiyānīti evamettha kappaṭṭhitiyatopi viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pākato</span>ti <a name="P4.0113"></a> yena ca pañcape’tāni kammāni katāni honti, tassa saṅghabhedoyeva paṭisandhivasena vipaccati, sesāni ‘‘ahosikammaṃ, nāhosi kammavipāko’’ti evamādīsu saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti. Saṅghassa bhedābhāve lohituppādo, tadabhāve arahantaghāto, tadabhāve ca sace pitā sīlavā hoti, mātā dussīlā, no vā tathā sīlavatī, pitughāto paṭisandhivasena vipaccati. Sace mātāpitughāto, dvīsupi sīlena vā dussīlena vā samānesu mātughātova paṭisandhivasena vipaccati<a name="M4.0079"></a>. Mātā hi dukkarakārinī bahūpakārā ca puttānanti evamettha pākatopi viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sādhāraṇādīhī</span>ti purimāni cattāri sabbesampi gahaṭṭhapabbajitānaṃ sādhāraṇāni. Saṅghabhedo pana ‘‘na kho, upāli bhikkhunī, saṅghaṃ bhindati, na sikkhamānā, na sāmaṇero, na sāmaṇerī, na upāsako, na upāsikā saṅghaṃ bhindati, bhikkhu kho, upāli, pakatatto samānasaṃvāsako samānasīmāyaṃ ṭhito saṅghaṃ bhindatī’’ti (cūḷava. 351) vacanato vuttappakārassa bhikkhunova hoti, na aññassa, tasmā asādhāraṇo. Ādisaddena sabbepi te dukkhavedanāsahagatā <a name="V4.0081"></a> dosamohasampayuttā cāti evamettha sādhāraṇādīhipi viññātabbo vinicchayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññaṃ satthāra</span>nti ‘‘ayaṃ me satthā satthukiccaṃ kātuṃ asamattho’’ti bhavantarepi aññaṃ titthakaraṃ ‘‘ayaṃ me satthā’’ti evaṃ gaṇheyya, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para129"></a><a name="para129_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">129</span>. <span class="bld">Ekissā lokadhātuyā</span>ti dasasahassilokadhātuyā. <span class="bld">Tīṇi</span> <a name="P4.0114"></a> hi <span class="bld">khettāni</span> jātikhettaṃ āṇākhettaṃ visayakhettaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">jātikhettaṃ</span> nāma dasasahassī lokadhātu. Sā hi tathāgatassa mātukucchiokkamanakāle nikkhamanakāle sambodhikāle dhammacakkappavattane āyusaṅkhārossajjane parinibbāne ca kampati. Koṭisatasahassacakkavāḷaṃ pana <span class="bld">āṇākhettaṃ</span> nāma. Āṭānāṭiyamoraparittadhajaggaparittaratanaparittādīnañhi ettha āṇā vattati. <span class="bld">Visayakhettassa</span> pana parimāṇaṃ natthi. Buddhānañhi ‘‘yāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ tāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ, yāvatakaṃ neyyaṃ tāvatakaṃ ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇapariyantikaṃ neyyaṃ neyyapariyantikaṃ ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 3.5) vacanato avisayo nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu pana tīsu khettesu ṭhapetvā imaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ aññasmiṃ cakkavāḷe buddhā uppajjantīti suttaṃ natthi, na uppajjantīti pana atthi. <span class="bld">Tīṇi piṭakāni</span> vinayapiṭakaṃ suttantapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ, <span class="bld">tisso saṅgītiyo</span> mahākassapattherassa saṅgīti, yasattherassa saṅgīti, moggaliputtatissattherassa saṅgītīti. Imā tisso saṅgītiyo āruḷhe tepiṭake buddhavacane imaṃ <a name="M4.0080"></a> cakkavāḷaṃ muñcitvā aññattha buddhā uppajjantīti suttaṃ natthi, na uppajjantīti pana atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apubbaṃ acarima</span>nti apure apacchā. Ekato na uppajjanti, pure vā pacchā vā uppajjantīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha hi bodhipallaṅke bodhiṃ appatvā na uṭṭhahissāmīti nisinnakālato <a name="P4.0115"></a> paṭṭhāya yāva mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇaṃ, tāva pubbeti na veditabbaṃ. Bodhisattassa hi paṭisandhiggahaṇena dasasahassacakkavāḷakampaneneva khettapariggaho kato, aññassa buddhassa uppatti nivāritāva hoti. Parinibbānakālato paṭṭhāya yāva sāsapamattā dhātu <a name="V4.0082"></a> tiṭṭhati, tāva pacchāti na veditabbaṃ. Dhātūsu hi ṭhitāsu buddhā ṭhitāva honti. Tasmā etthantare aññassa buddhassa uppatti nivāritāva hoti. Dhātuparinibbāne pana jāte aññassa buddhassa uppatti na nivāritā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīṇi hi antaradhānāni</span> nāma pariyattiantaradhānaṃ, paṭivedhaantaradhānaṃ, paṭipattiantaradhānanti. Tattha <span class="bld">pariyattī</span>ti tīṇi piṭakāni. <span class="bld">Paṭivedho</span>ti saccapaṭivedho. <span class="bld">Paṭipattī</span>ti paṭipadā. Tattha paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi na hotipi. Ekasmiñhi kāle paṭivedhadharā bhikkhū bahū honti, eso bhikkhu puthujjanoti aṅguliṃ pasāretvā dassetabbo hoti. Imasmiṃyeva dīpe ekavāre puthujjanabhikkhu nāma nāhosi. Paṭipattipūrikāpi kadāci bahū honti kadāci appā. Iti paṭivedho ca paṭipatti ca hotipi na hotipi, sāsanaṭṭhitiyā pana <span class="bld">pariyatti pamāṇaṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṇḍito hi tepiṭakaṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti. Yathā amhākaṃ bodhisatto āḷārassa santike pañcābhiññā satta ca samāpattiyo nibbattetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā parikammaṃ pucchi, so na jānāmīti āha. Tato udakassa santikaṃ gantvā adhigataṃ visesaṃ saṃsandetvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassa parikammaṃ pucchi, so ācikkhi, tassa vacanasamanantarameva mahāsatto taṃ sampādesi, evameva paññavā bhikkhu pariyattiṃ sutvā dvepi pūreti. Tasmā <a name="P4.0116"></a> pariyattiyā ṭhitāya sāsanaṃ ṭhitaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadā <a name="M4.0081"></a> pana sā antaradhāyati, tadā paṭhamaṃ <span class="bld">abhidhammapiṭakaṃ</span> nassati. Tattha paṭṭhānaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ antaradhāyati, anukkamena pacchā dhammasaṅgaho, tasmiṃ antarahite itaresu dvīsu piṭakesu ṭhitesu sāsanaṃ ṭhitameva hoti. Tattha suttantapiṭake antaradhāyamāne paṭhamaṃ aṅguttaranikāyo ekādasakato paṭṭhāya yāva ekakā antaradhāyati, tadanantaraṃ saṃyuttanikāyo cakkapeyyālato paṭṭhāya yāva oghataraṇā antaradhāyati, tadanantaraṃ majjhimanikāyo indriyabhāvanato paṭṭhāya yāva mūlapariyāyā antaradhāyati, tadanantaraṃ dīghanikāyo dasuttarato paṭṭhāya yāva brahmajālā antaradhāyati. Ekissāpi dvinnampi gāthānaṃ pucchā addhānaṃ gacchati, sāsanaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkoti sabhiyapucchā (su. ni. sabhiyasuttaṃ) viya āḷavakapucchā (su. ni. āḷavakasuttaṃ; saṃ. ni. 1.246) <a name="V4.0083"></a> viya ca. Etā kira kassapabuddhakālikā antarā sāsanaṃ dhāretuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dvīsu pana piṭakesu antarahitesupi vinayapiṭake ṭhite sāsanaṃ tiṭṭhati, parivārakhandhakesu antarahitesu ubhatovibhaṅge ṭhite ṭhitameva hoti. Ubhatovibhaṅge antarahite mātikāya ṭhitāyapi ṭhitameva hoti. Mātikāya antarahitāya pātimokkhapabbajjaupasampadāsu ṭhitāsu sāsanaṃ tiṭṭhati. Liṅgamaddhānaṃ gacchati, setavatthasamaṇavaṃso pana kassapabuddhakālato paṭṭhāya sāsanaṃ dhāretuṃ nāsakkhi. Pacchimakassa pana saccapaṭivedhato pacchimakassa sīlabhedato ca paṭṭhāya sāsanaṃ osakkitaṃ nāma hoti. Tato paṭṭhāya aññassa buddhassa uppatti na vāritāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tīṇi parinibbānāni</span> nāma kilesaparinibbānaṃ khandhaparinibbānaṃ dhātuparinibbānanti. Tattha kilesaparinibbānaṃ bodhipallaṅke ahosi, khandhaparinibbānaṃ kusinārāyaṃ, dhātuparinibbānaṃ anāgate bhavissati. Sāsanassa kira osakkanakāle imasmiṃ tambapaṇṇidīpe dhātuyo <a name="P4.0117"></a> sannipatitvā mahācetiyaṃ gamissanti, mahācetiyato nāgadīpe rājāyatanacetiyaṃ, tato mahābodhipallaṅkaṃ gamissanti, nāgabhavanatopi devalokatopi brahmalokatopi dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅkameva gamissanti. Sāsapamattāpi dhātu antarā na nassissati. Sabbā dhātuyo mahābodhipallaṅke rāsibhūtā suvaṇṇakkhandho viya ekagghanā hutvā chabbaṇṇarasmiyo vissajjessanti, tā dasasahassilokadhātuṃ pharissanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="M4.0082"></a> dasasahassacakkavāḷe devatā yo sannipatitvā ‘‘ajja satthā parinibbāyati, ajja sāsanaṃ osakkati, pacchimadassanaṃ dāni idaṃ amhāka’’nti dasabalassa parinibbutadivasato mahantataraṃ kāruññaṃ karissanti. Ṭhapetvā anāgāmikhīṇāsave avasesā sakabhāvena saṇṭhātuṃ na sakkhissanti. Dhātūsu tejodhātu uṭṭhahitvā yāva brahmalokā uggacchissati, sāsapamattāyapi dhātuyā sati ekajālāva bhavissati, dhātūsu pariyādānaṃ gatāsu pacchijjissati. Evaṃ mahantaṃ ānubhāvaṃ dassetvā dhātūsu antarahitāsu sāsanaṃ antarahitaṃ <a name="V4.0084"></a> nāma hoti. Yāva evaṃ na anantaradhāyati, tāva acarimaṃ nāma hoti. Evaṃ apubbaṃ acarimaṃ uppajjeyyunti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana apubbaṃ acarimaṃ na uppajjantīti. Anacchariyattā. Buddhā hi acchariyamanussā. Yathāha – ‘‘ekapuggalo, bhikkhave, loke uppajjamāno uppajjati acchariyamanusso, katamo ekapuggalo, tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti (a. ni. 1.171-174).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yadi ca dve vā cattāro vā aṭṭha vā soḷasa vā ekato uppajjeyyuṃ, na acchariyā bhaveyyuṃ. Ekasmiñhi vihāre dvinnaṃ cetiyānampi lābhasakkāro uḷāro na hoti bhikkhūpi bahutāya na acchariyā <a name="P4.0118"></a> jātā, evaṃ buddhāpi bhaveyyuṃ. Tasmā na uppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Desanāya ca visesābhāvato. Yañhi satipaṭṭhānādibhedaṃ dhammaṃ eko deseti, aññena uppajjitvāpi sova desetabbo siyā. Tato na acchariyo siyā, ekasmiṃ pana dhammaṃ desente desanāpi acchariyā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vivādābhāvato ca. Bahūsu ca buddhesu uppajjantesu bahūnaṃ ācariyānaṃ antevāsikā viya ‘‘amhākaṃ buddho pāsādiko, amhākaṃ buddho madhurassaro lābhī puññavā’’ti vivadeyyuṃ, tasmāpi evaṃ na uppajjanti. Apicetaṃ kāraṇaṃ milindaraññā puṭṭhena nāgasenattherena vitthāritameva. Vuttañhi (mi. pa. 5.1.1) –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Tattha, bhante nāgasena, bhāsitampetaṃ bhagavatā ‘aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ ekissā lokadhātuyā dve arahanto sammāsambuddhā <a name="M4.0083"></a> apubbaṃ acarimaṃ uppajjeyyuṃ, netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’ti. Desentā ca, bhante nāgasena, sabbepi tathāgatā sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhamme desenti, kathayamānā ca cattāri ariyasaccāni kathenti, sikkhāpentā ca tīsu sikkhāsu sikkhāpenti, anusāsamānā ca appamādapaṭipattiyaṃ anusāsanti. Yadi, bhante nāgasena, sabbesampi tathāgatānaṃ ekā desanā ekā kathā ekā sikkhā ekā anusiṭṭhi, kena kāraṇena <a name="V4.0085"></a> dve tathāgatā ekakkhaṇe nuppajjanti? Ekenapi tāva buddhuppādena ayaṃ loko obhāsajāto. Yadi dutiyo buddho bhaveyya, dvinnaṃ <a name="P4.0119"></a> pabhāya ayaṃ loko bhiyyosomattāya obhāsajāto bhaveyya. Ovadamānā ca dve tathāgatā sukhaṃ ovadeyyuṃ, anusāsamānā ca sukhaṃ anusāseyyuṃ, tattha me kāraṇaṃ brūhi, yathāhaṃ nissaṃsayo bhaveyyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ayaṃ mahārāja dasasahassī lokadhātu ekabuddhadhāraṇī, ekasseva tathāgatassa guṇaṃ dhāreti, yadi dutiyo buddho uppajjeyya, nāyaṃ dasasahassī lokadhātu dhāreyya, caleyya kampeyya nameyya onameyya vinameyya vikireyya vidhameyya viddhaṃseyya, na ṭhānamupagaccheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā, mahārāja, nāvā ekapurisasandhāraṇī bhaveyya. Ekasmiṃ purise abhirūḷhe sā nāvā samupādikā bhaveyya. Atha dutiyo puriso āgaccheyya tādiso āyunā vaṇṇena vayena pamāṇena kisathūlena sabbaṅgapaccaṅgena, so taṃ nāvaṃ abhirūheyya. Apinu sā mahārāja, nāvā dvinnampi dhāreyyāti? Na hi, bhante, caleyya kampeyya nameyya onameyya vinameyya vikireyya vidhameyya viddhaṃseyya, na ṭhānamupagaccheyya, osīdeyya udaketi. Evameva kho, mahārāja, ayaṃ dasasahassī lokadhātu ekabuddhadhāraṇī, ekasseva tathāgatassa guṇaṃ dhāreti, yadi dutiyo buddho uppajjeyya, nāyaṃ dasasahassī lokadhātu dhāreyya, caleyya…pe… na ṭhānamupagaccheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā vā pana mahārāja puriso yāvadatthaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjeyya chādentaṃ yāvakaṇṭhamabhipūrayitvā, so dhāto pīṇito paripuṇṇo nirantaro tandikato anonamitadaṇḍajāto punadeva tattakaṃ bhojanaṃ <a name="M4.0084"></a> bhuñjeyya, apinu kho, mahārāja, puriso sukhito bhaveyyāti? Na hi, bhante, sakiṃ bhuttova mareyyāti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, ayaṃ dasasahassī lokadhātu ekabuddhadhāraṇī <a name="P4.0120"></a>…pe… na ṭhānamupagaccheyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ nu kho, bhante nāgasena, atidhammabhārena pathavī calatīti? Idha, mahārāja, dve sakaṭā ratanaparipūritā bhaveyyuṃ yāva mukhasamā. Ekasmā sakaṭato ratanaṃ gahetvā ekasmiṃ sakaṭe ākireyyuṃ, apinu kho taṃ, mahārāja, sakaṭaṃ dvinnampi sakaṭānaṃ ratanaṃ dhāreyyāti? Na hi, bhante, nābhipi tassa phaleyya, arāpi tassa bhijjeyyuṃ, nemipi tassa opateyya, akkhopi <a name="V4.0086"></a> tassa bhijjeyyāti. Kiṃ nu kho, mahārāja, atiratanabhārena sakaṭaṃ bhijjatīti? Āma, bhanteti. Evameva kho, mahārāja, atidhammabhārena pathavī calatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica mahārāja imaṃ kāraṇaṃ buddhabalaparidīpanāya osāritaṃ, aññampi tattha abhirūpaṃ kāraṇaṃ suṇohi, yena kāraṇena dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe nuppajjanti. Yadi, mahārāja, dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe uppajjeyyuṃ, tesaṃ parisāya vivādo uppajjeyya – ‘‘tumhākaṃ buddho amhākaṃ buddho’’ti ubhatopakkhajātā bhaveyyuṃ. Yathā, mahārāja, dvinnaṃ balavāmaccānaṃ parisāya vivādo uppajjeyya ‘tumhākaṃ amacco amhākaṃ amacco’ti ubhatopakkhajātā honti, evameva kho, mahārāja, yadi, dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe uppajjeyyuṃ, tesaṃ parisāya vivādo uppajjeyya ‘tumhākaṃ buddho amhākaṃ buddho’ti ubhatopakkhajātā bhaveyyuṃ. Idaṃ tāva, mahārāja, ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ, yena kāraṇena dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe nuppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparampi, mahārāja, uttariṃ kāraṇaṃ suṇohi, yena kāraṇena dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe nuppajjanti. Yadi, mahārāja, dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe uppajjeyyuṃ, aggo buddhoti yaṃ vacanaṃ, taṃ micchā bhaveyya. Jeṭṭho buddhoti yaṃ vacanaṃ, taṃ micchā bhaveyya. Seṭṭho buddhoti, visiṭṭho buddhoti, uttamo buddhoti, pavaro buddhoti, asamo buddhoti, asamasamo buddhoti, appaṭisamo buddhoti, appaṭibhāgo buddhoti, appaṭipuggalo buddhoti yaṃ vacanaṃ<a name="P4.0121"></a>, taṃ micchā bhaveyya. Idampi kho tvaṃ, mahārāja<a name="M4.0085"></a>, kāraṇaṃ atthato sampaṭiccha, yena kāraṇena dve sammāsambuddhā ekakkhaṇe nuppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica kho mahārāja buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ sabhāvapakati esā, yaṃ ekoyeva buddho loke uppajjati. Kasmā kāraṇā? Mahantatāya sabbaññubuddhaguṇānaṃ. Aññampi mahārāja yaṃ loke mahantaṃ, taṃ ekaṃyeva hoti. Pathavī, mahārāja, mahantī, sā ekāyeva. Sāgaro mahanto, so ekoyeva. Sineru girirājā mahanto, so ekoyeva. Ākāso mahanto, so ekoyeva. Sakko mahanto, so ekoyeva. Māro mahanto, so ekoyeva. Brahmā mahanto, so ekoyeva. Tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho mahanto, so ekoyeva lokasmiṃ. Yattha te uppajjanti, tattha aññassa <a name="V4.0087"></a> okāso na hoti. Tasmā, mahārāja, tathāgato arahaṃ sammāsambuddho ekoyeva lokasmiṃ uppajjatīti. Sukathito, bhante nāgasena, pañho opammehi kāraṇehī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ekissā lokadhātuyā</span>ti ekasmiṃ cakkavāḷe. Heṭṭhā imināva padena dasacakkavāḷasahassāni gahitāni tānipi, ekacakkavāḷeneva paricchindituṃ vaṭṭanti. Buddhā hi uppajjamānā imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe uppajjanti, uppajjanaṭṭhāne pana vārite ito aññesu cakkavāḷesu nuppajjantīti vāritameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Apubbaṃ acarima</span>nti ettha cakkaratanapātubhāvato pubbe pubbaṃ, tasseva antaradhānato pacchā carimaṃ. Tattha dvidhā cakkaratanassa antaradhānaṃ hoti, cakkavattino kālaṃkiriyato vā pabbajjāya vā. Antaradhāyamānañca pana taṃ kālaṃkiriyato vā pabbajjato vā sattame divase antaradhāyati, tato paraṃ cakkavattino pātubhāvo avārito.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana ekacakkavāḷe dve cakkavattino nuppajjantīti<a name="P4.0122"></a>. Vivādupacchedato acchariyabhāvato cakkaratanassa mahānubhāvato ca. Dvīsu hi uppajjantesu ‘‘amhākaṃ rājā mahanto amhākaṃ rājā mahanto’’ti vivādo uppajjeyya. Ekasmiṃ dīpe cakkavattīti ca ekasmiṃ dīpe cakkavattīti ca anacchariyā bhaveyyuṃ<a name="M4.0086"></a>. Yo cāyaṃ cakkaratanassa dvisahassadīpaparivāresu catūsu mahādīpesu issariyānuppadānasamattho mahānubhāvo, so parihāyetha. Iti vivādupacchedato acchariyabhāvato cakkaratanassa mahānubhāvato ca na ekacakkavāḷe dve uppajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para130"></a><a name="para130_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">130</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃ itthī assa arahaṃ sammāsambuddho</span>ti ettha tiṭṭhatu tāva sabbaññuguṇe nibbattetvā lokuttāraṇasamattho buddhabhāvo, paṇidhānamattampi itthiyā na sampajjati.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Manussattaṃ liṅgasampatti, hetu satthāradassanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Pabbajjā guṇasampatti, adhikāro ca chandatā;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aṭṭhadhammasamodhānā, abhinīhāro samijjhatīti. (bu. vaṃ. 2.59) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Imāni <a name="V4.0088"></a> hi paṇidhānasampattikāraṇāni. Iti paṇidhānampi sampādetuṃ asamatthāya itthiyā kuto buddhabhāvoti ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ itthī assa arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti vuttaṃ. Sabbākāraparipūro ca puññussayo sabbākāraparipūrameva attabhāvaṃ nibbattetīti purisova arahaṃ hoti sammāsambuddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃ itthī rājā assa cakkavattī</span>tiādīsupi yasmā itthiyā <a name="P4.0123"></a> kosohitavatthaguyhatādīnaṃ abhāvena lakkhaṇāni na paripūrenti, itthiratanābhāvena sattaratanasamaṅgitā na sampajjati, sabbamanussehi ca adhiko attabhāvo na hoti, tasmā ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ itthī rājā assa cakkavattī’’ti vuttaṃ. Yasmā ca sakkattādīni tīṇi ṭhānāni uttamāni, itthiliṅgañca hīnaṃ, tasmā tassā sakkattādīnipi paṭisiddhāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca yathā itthiliṅgaṃ, evaṃ purisaliṅgampi brahmaloke natthi? Tasmā ‘‘yaṃ puriso brahmattaṃ kareyya, ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī’’tipi na vattabbaṃ siyāti. No na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? Idha purisassa tattha nibbattanato. Brahmattanti hi mahābrahmattaṃ adhippetaṃ. Itthī ca idha jhānaṃ bhāvetvā kālaṃ katvā brahmapārisajjānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati, na mahābrahmānaṃ, puriso pana tattha na uppajjatīti na vattabbo. Samānepi cettha ubhayaliṅgābhāve purisasaṇṭhānāva brahmāno, na itthisaṇṭhānā, tasmā suvuttamevetaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para131"></a><a name="para131_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">131</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritassā</span>tiādīsu <a name="M4.0087"></a> yathā nimbabījakosātakībījādīni madhuraphalaṃ na nibbattenti, asātaṃ amadhurameva nibbattenti, evaṃ kāyaduccaritādīni madhuravipākaṃ na nibbattenti, amadhurameva vipākaṃ nibbattenti. Yathā ca ucchubījasālibījādīni madhuraṃ sādurasameva phalaṃ nibbattenti, na asātaṃ kaṭukaṃ, evaṃ <a name="P4.0124"></a> kāyasucaritādīni madhurameva vipākaṃ nibbattenti, na amadhuraṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yādisaṃ vapate bījaṃ, tādisaṃ harate phalaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Kalyāṇakārī kalyāṇaṃ, pāpakārī ca pāpaka’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 1.256);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="V4.0089"></a> ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ anavakāso yaṃ kāyaduccaritassā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaduccaritasamaṅgī</span>tiādīsu <span class="bld">samaṅgī</span>ti pañcavidhā samaṅgitā āyūhanasamaṅgitā cetanāsamaṅgitā kammasamaṅgitā vipākasamaṅgitā, upaṭṭhānasamaṅgitāti. Tattha kusalākusalakammāyūhanakkhaṇe <span class="bld">āyūhanasamaṅgitā</span>ti vuccati. Tathā <span class="bld">cetanāsamaṅgitā</span>. Yāva pana arahattaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tāva sabbepi sattā pubbe upacitaṃ vipākārahaṃ kammaṃ sandhāya ‘‘kammasamaṅgino’’ti vuccanti, esā <span class="bld">kammasamaṅgitā. Vipākasamaṅgitā</span> vipākakkhaṇeyeva veditabbā. Yāva pana sattā arahattaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tāva nesaṃ tato tato cavitvā niraye tāva uppajjamānānaṃ aggijālalohakumbhiādīhi upaṭṭhānākārehi nirayo, gabbhaseyyakattaṃ āpajjamānānaṃ mātukucchi, devesu uppajjamānānaṃ kapparukkhavimānādīhi upaṭṭhānākārehi devalokoti evaṃ uppattinimittaṃ upaṭṭhāti, iti nesaṃ iminā uppattinimittaupaṭṭhānena aparimuttatā <span class="bld">upaṭṭhānasamaṅgitā</span> nāma. Sā calati sesā niccalā. Niraye hi upaṭṭhitepi devaloko upaṭṭhāti, devaloke upaṭṭhitepi nirayo upaṭṭhāti, manussaloke upaṭṭhitepi tiracchānayoni upaṭṭhāti, tiracchānayoniyā ca upaṭṭhitāyapi manussaloko upaṭṭhātiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatridaṃ <a name="P4.0125"></a> vatthu – soṇagiripāde kira acelavihāre soṇatthero nāma eko dhammakathiko, tassa pitā sunakhajīviko ahosi. Thero taṃ paṭibāhantopi saṃvare ṭhapetuṃ asakkonto ‘‘mā nassi jarako’’ti <a name="M4.0088"></a> mahallakakāle akāmakaṃ pabbājesi. Tassa gilānaseyyāya nipannassa nirayo upaṭṭhāti, soṇagiripādato mahantā mahantā sunakhā āgantvā khāditukāmā viya samparivāresuṃ. So mahābhayabhīto – ‘‘vārehi, tāta soṇa, vārehi, tāta soṇā’’ti āha. Kiṃ mahātherāti. Na passasi tātāti taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhi. Soṇatthero – ‘‘kathañhi nāma mādisassa pitā niraye nibbattissati, patiṭṭhā’ssa bhavissāmī’’ti sāmaṇerehi nānāpupphāni āharāpetvā cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇesu talasantharaṇapūjaṃ āsanapūjañca kāretvā pitaraṃ mañcena cetiyaṅgaṇaṃ āharitvā mañce nisīdāpetvā – ‘‘ayaṃ mahāthera-pūjā tumhākaṃ atthāya katā ‘ayaṃ me bhagavā duggatapaṇṇākāro’ti vatvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā cittaṃ pasādehī’’ti āha. So mahāthero pūjaṃ disvā tathā karonto cittaṃ pasādesi, tāvadevassa devaloko upaṭṭhāsi, nandanavana-cittalatāvana-missakavana-phārusakavanavimānāni ceva nāṭakāni ca parivāretvā ṭhitāni <a name="V4.0090"></a> viya ahesuṃ. So ‘‘apetha apetha soṇā’’ti āha. Kimidaṃ therāti? Etā te, tāta, mātaro āgacchantīti<a name="P4.0126"></a>. Thero ‘‘saggo upaṭṭhito mahātherassā’’ti cintesi. Evaṃ upaṭṭhānasamaṅgitā calatīti veditabbā. Etāsu samaṅgitāsu idha āyūhanacetanākammasamaṅgitāvasena kāyaduccaritasamaṅgītiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para132"></a><a name="para132_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">132</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ vutte āyasmā ānando</span>ti ‘‘evaṃ bhagavatā imasmiṃ sutte vutte thero ādito paṭṭhāya sabbasuttaṃ samannāharitvā evaṃ sassirikaṃ katvā desitasuttassa nāma bhagavatā nāmaṃ na gahitaṃ. Handassa nāmaṃ gaṇhāpessāmī’’ti cintetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā tiha tva</span>ntiādīsu ayaṃ atthayojanā –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ānanda, yasmā imasmiṃ dhammapariyāye ‘‘aṭṭhārasa kho imā, ānanda, dhātuyo, cha imā, ānanda, dhātuyo’’ti evaṃ bahudhātuyo vibhattā, tasmā tiha tvaṃ imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ <span class="bld">bahudhātuko</span>tipi naṃ dhārehi. Yasmā panettha dhātuāyatanapaṭiccasamuppādaṭṭhānāṭṭhānavasena cattāro parivaṭṭā kathitā<a name="M4.0089"></a>, tasmā <span class="bld">catuparivaṭṭo</span>tipi naṃ dhārehi. Yasmā ca ādāsaṃ olokentassa mukhanimittaṃ viya imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ olokentassa ete dhātuādayo atthā pākaṭā honti, tasmā <span class="bld">dhammādāso</span>tipi naṃ dhārehi. Yasmā ca yathā nāma parasenamaddanā yodhā saṅgāmatūriyaṃ paggahetvā parasenaṃ pavisitvā sapatte madditvā attano jayaṃ gaṇhanti, evameva kilesasenamaddanā yogino idha vuttavasena vipassanaṃ paggahetvā kilese madditvā attano arahattajayaṃ gaṇhanti, tasmā <span class="bld">amatadundubhī</span>tipi naṃ dhārehi. Yasmā ca yathā saṅgāmayodhā <a name="P4.0127"></a> pañcāvudhaṃ gahetvā parasenaṃ viddhaṃsetvā jayaṃ gaṇhanti, evaṃ yoginopi idha vuttaṃ vipassanāvudhaṃ gahetvā kilesasenaṃ viddhaṃsetvā arahattajayaṃ gaṇhanti. Tasmā <span class="bld">anuttaro saṅgāmavijayo</span>tipi naṃ dhārehīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Bahudhātukasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Isigilisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para133"></a><a name="para133_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">133</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0091"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti isigilisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññāva samaññā ahosī</span>ti isigilissa isigilīti samaññāya uppannakāle vebhāro na vebhāroti paññāyittha, aññāyevassa samaññā ahosi. <span class="bld">Aññā paññattī</span>ti idaṃ purimapadasseva vevacanaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tadā kira bhagavā sāyanhasamaye samāpattito vuṭṭhāya gandhakuṭito nikkhamitvā yasmiṃ ṭhāne nisinnānaṃ pañca pabbatā paññāyanti, tattha bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisīditvā ime pañca pabbate paṭipāṭiyā ācikkhi. Tattha na bhagavato pabbatehi attho atthi, iti imesu pana pabbatesu paṭipāṭiyā kathiyamānesu isigilissa isigilibhāvo kathetabbo hoti. Tasmiṃ kathiyamāne padumavatiyā puttānaṃ pañcasatānaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ nāmāni ceva padumavatiyā ca patthanā kathetabbā bhavissatīti bhagavā imaṃ pañca pabbatapaṭipāṭiṃ ācikkhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavisantā</span> <a name="M4.0090"></a> <span class="bld">dissanti paviṭṭhā na dissantī</span>ti yathāphāsukaṭṭhāne piṇḍāya caritvā katabhattakiccā āgantvā cetiyagabbhe yamakamahādvāraṃ vivarantā viya taṃ pabbataṃ dvedhā katvā anto pavisitvā <a name="P4.0128"></a> rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānāni māpetvā tattha vasiṃsu, tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Ime isī</span>ti ime paccekabuddhaisī.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kadā pana te tattha vasiṃsu? Atīte kira anuppanne tathāgate bārāṇasiṃ upanissāya ekasmiṃ gāmake ekā kuladhītā khettaṃ rakkhamānā ekassa paccekabuddhassa pañcahi lājāsatehi saddhiṃ ekaṃ padumapupphaṃ datvā pañca puttasatāni patthesi. Tasmiṃyeva ca khaṇe pañcasatā migaluddakā madhuramaṃsaṃ datvā ‘‘etissā puttā bhaveyyāmā’’ti patthayiṃsu. Sā yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā devaloke nibbattā, tato cutā jātassare padumagabbhe nibbatti. Tameko tāpaso disvā paṭijaggi, tassā vicarantiyāva pāduddhāre pāduddhāre bhūmito padumāni uṭṭhahanti. Eko vanacarako disvā bārāṇasirañño ārocesi. Rājā naṃ āharāpetvā aggamahesiṃ <a name="V4.0092"></a> akāsi, tassā gabbho saṇṭhāsi. Mahāpadumakumāro mātukucchiyaṃ vasi, sesā gabbhamalaṃ nissā nibbattā. Vayappattā uyyāne padumassare kīḷantā ekekasmiṃ padume nisīditvā khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapetvā paccekabodhiñāṇaṃ nibbattayiṃsu. Ayaṃ tesaṃ byākaraṇagāthā ahosi –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Saroruhaṃ padumapalāsapattajaṃ, supupphitaṃ bhamaragaṇānuciṇṇaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Aniccatāyupagataṃ viditvā, eko care khaggavisāṇakappo’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ <a name="P4.0129"></a> kāle te tattha vasiṃsu, tadā cassa pabbatassa isigilīti samaññā udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para135"></a><a name="para135_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">135</span>. <span class="bld">Ye sattasārā</span>ti ariṭṭho upariṭṭho tagarasikhī yasassī sudassano piyadassī gandhāro piṇḍolo upāsabho nīto tatho sutavā bhāvitattoti terasannaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ nāmāni vatvā idāni tesañca aññesañca gāthābandhena nāmāni ācikkhanto <span class="bld">ye sattasārā</span>tiādimāha<a name="M4.0091"></a>. Tattha <span class="bld">sattasārā</span>ti sattānaṃ sārabhūtā. <span class="bld">Anīghā</span>ti niddukkhā. <span class="bld">Nirāsā</span>ti nittaṇhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dve jālino</span>ti cūḷajāli mahājālīti dve jālināmakā. <span class="bld">Santacitto</span>ti idampi ekassa nāmameva. <span class="bld">Passi jahi upadhidukkhamūla</span>nti ettha passi nāma so paccekabuddho, dukkhassa pana mūlaṃ upadhiṃ jahīti ayamassa thuti. <span class="bld">Aparājito</span>tipi ekassa nāmameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Satthā pavattā sarabhaṅgo lomahaṃso uccaṅgamāyo</span>ti ime pañca janā. <span class="bld">Asito anāsavo manomayo</span>ti imepi tayo janā. <span class="bld">Mānacchido ca bandhumā</span>ti bandhumā nāma eko, mānassa pana chinnattā mānacchidoti vutto. <span class="bld">Tadādhimutto</span>tipi nāmameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ketumbharāgo ca mātaṅgo ariyo</span>ti ime tayo janā. <span class="bld">Athaccuto</span>ti atha accuto. <span class="bld">Accutagāmabyāmaṅko</span>ti ime dve janā. <span class="bld">Khemābhirato ca sorato</span>ti ime dveyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sayho anomanikkamo</span>ti sayho nāma so buddho, anomavīriyattā pana anomanikkamoti <a name="V4.0093"></a> vutto. <span class="bld">Ānando nando upanando dvādasā</span>ti cattāro ānandā, cattāro nandā cattāro upanandāti evaṃ dvādasa. <span class="bld">Bhāradvājo</span> <a name="P4.0130"></a> <span class="bld">antimadehadhārī</span>ti bhāradvājo nāma so buddho. <span class="bld">Antimadehadhārī</span>ti thuti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṇhacchido</span>ti sikharissāyaṃ thuti. <span class="bld">Vītarāgo</span>ti maṅgalassa thuti. <span class="bld">Usabhacchidā jāliniṃ dukkhamūla</span>nti usabho nāma so buddho dukkhamūlabhūtaṃ jāliniṃ acchidāti attho. <span class="bld">Santaṃ padaṃ ajjhagamopanīto</span>ti upanīto nāma so buddho santaṃ padaṃ ajjhagamā. <span class="bld">Vītarāgo</span>tipi ekassa nāmameva. <span class="bld">Suvimuttacitto</span>ti ayaṃ kaṇhassa thuti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ete ca aññe cā</span>ti ete pāḷiyaṃ āgatā ca pāḷiyaṃ anāgatā aññe ca etesaṃ ekanāmakāyeva. Imesu hi pañcasu paccekabuddhasatesu dvepi tayopi dasapi dvādasapi ānandādayo viya ekanāmakā ahesuṃ. Iti pāḷiyaṃ āgatanāmeheva sabbesaṃ nāmāni vuttāni <a name="M4.0092"></a> hontīti ito paraṃ visuṃ visuṃ avatvā ‘‘ete ca aññe cā’’ti āha. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Isigilisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Mahācattārīsakasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para136"></a><a name="para136_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">136</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0094"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahācattārīsakasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ariya</span>nti niddosaṃ lokuttaraṃ, niddosañhi ‘‘ariya’’nti vuccati. <span class="bld">Sammāsamādhi</span>nti maggasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Saupanisa</span>nti sapaccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Saparikkhāra</span>nti saparivāraṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parikkhatā</span>ti parivāritā. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhi</span> <a name="P4.0131"></a> <span class="bld">pubbaṅgamā hotī</span>ti dvidhā sammādiṭṭhi pubbaṅgamā hoti purecārikā vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi ca maggasammādiṭṭhi ca. Vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi tebhūmakasaṅkhāre aniccādivasena parivīmaṃsati; maggasammādiṭṭhi pana parivīmaṃsanapariyosāne bhūmiladdhaṃ vaṭṭaṃ samugghāṭayamānā vūpasamayamānā sītudakaghaṭasahassaṃ matthake āsiñcamānā viya uppajjati. Yathā hi khettaṃ kurumāno kassako paṭhamaṃ araññe rukkhe chindati, pacchā aggiṃ deti, so aggi paṭhamaṃ chinne rukkhe anavasese jhāpeti, evameva vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi paṭhamaṃ aniccādivasena saṅkhāre vīmaṃsati, maggasammādiṭṭhi tāya vīmaṃsanatthaṃ saṅkhāre puna appavattivasena samugghāṭayamānā uppajjati, sā duvidhāpi idha adhippetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Micchādiṭṭhīti pajānātī</span>ti micchādiṭṭhiṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti lakkhaṇapaṭivedhena ārammaṇato pajānāti, sammādiṭṭhiṃ kiccato asammohato pajānāti. <span class="bld">Sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhī</span>ti sā evaṃ pajānanā assa sammādiṭṭhi nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dvāyaṃ vadāmī</span>ti dvayaṃ vadāmi, duvidhakoṭṭhāsaṃ vadāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Puññabhāgiyā</span>ti puññakoṭṭhāsabhūtā. <span class="bld">Upadhivepakkā</span>ti upadhisaṅkhātassa vipākassa dāyikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paññā paññindriya</span>ntiādīsu vibhajitvā vibhajitvā amatadvāraṃ paññapeti dassetīti <span class="bld">paññā</span>. Tasmiṃ atthe indattaṃ karotīti <span class="bld">paññindriyaṃ</span>. Avijjāya na <a name="M4.0093"></a> kampatīti <span class="bld">paññābalaṃ</span>. Bojjhaṅgappattā <a name="P4.0132"></a> hutvā catusaccadhamme vicinātīti <span class="bld">dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo</span>. Maggasampattiyā pasaṭṭhā sobhanā <a name="V4.0095"></a> diṭṭhīti <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi</span>. Ariyamaggassa aṅganti <span class="bld">maggaṅgaṃ. So</span>ti so bhikkhu. <span class="bld">Pahānāyā</span>ti pajahanatthāya. <span class="bld">Upasampadāyā</span>ti paṭilābhatthāya. <span class="bld">Sammāvāyāmo</span>ti niyyāniko kusalavāyāmo. <span class="bld">Sato</span>ti satiyā samannāgato hutvā. <span class="bld">Anuparidhāvanti anuparivattantī</span>ti sahajātā ca purejātā ca hutvā parivārenti. Ettha hi sammāvāyāmo ca sammāsati ca lokuttarasammādiṭṭhiṃ sahajātā parivārenti rājānaṃ viya ekarathe ṭhitā asiggāhachattaggāhā. Vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi pana purejātā hutvā parivāreti rathassa purato pattikādayo viya. Dutiyapabbato paṭṭhāya pana sammāsaṅkappādīnaṃ tayopi sahajātaparivārāva hontīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para137"></a><a name="para137_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">137</span>. <span class="bld">Micchāsaṅkappoti pajānātī</span>ti micchāsaṅkappaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti lakkhaṇapaṭivedhena ārammaṇato pajānāti sammāsaṅkappaṃ kiccato asammohato pajānāti. Ito aparesu sammāvācādīsupi evameva yojanā veditabbā. Kāmasaṅkappādayo dvedhāvitakkasutte (ma. ni. 1.206) vuttāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Takko</span>tiādīsu takkanavasena <span class="bld">takko</span>. Sveva ca upasaggena padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">vitakko</span>ti vutto, sveva saṅkappanavasena <span class="bld">saṅkappo</span>. Ekaggo hutvā ārammaṇe appetīti <span class="bld">appanā</span><a name="P4.0133"></a>. Upasaggena pana padaṃ vaḍḍhetvā <span class="bld">byappanā</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetaso abhiniropanā</span>ti cittassa abhiniropanā. Vitakkasmiñhi sati vitakko ārammaṇe cittaṃ abhiniropeti vitakke pana asati attanoyeva dhammatāya cittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ abhiruhati jātisampanno abhiññātapuriso viya rājagehaṃ. Anabhiññātassa hi paṭihārena vā dovārikena vā attho hoti, abhiññātaṃ jātisampannaṃ sabbe rājarājamahāmattā jānantīti attanova dhammatāya nikkhamati ceva pavisati ca, evaṃsampadamidaṃ veditabbaṃ. Vācaṃ saṅkharotīti <span class="bld">vacīsaṅkhāro</span>. Ettha ca lokiyavitakko vācaṃ saṅkharoti, na lokuttaro. Kiñcāpi na saṅkharoti, vacīsaṅkhārotveva ca panassa nāmaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Sammāsaṅkappaṃ anuparidhāvantī</span>ti lokuttarasammāsaṅkappaṃ parivārenti. Ettha ca tayopi nekkhammasaṅkappādayo <a name="M4.0094"></a> pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti, maggakkhaṇe pana tiṇṇampi kāmasaṅkappādīnañca padacchedaṃ samugghātaṃ karonto maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamāno ekova sammāsaṅkappo uppajjitvā nekkhammasaṅkappādivasena tīṇi nāmāni labhati. Parato sammāvācādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para138"></a><a name="para138_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">138</span>. <span class="bld">Musāvādā</span> <a name="V4.0096"></a> <span class="bld">veramaṇī</span>tiādīsu viratipi cetanāpi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Āratī</span>tiādīsu vacīduccaritehi ārakā ramatīti <span class="bld">ārati</span>. Vinā tehi ramatīti <span class="bld">virati</span>. Tato tato paṭinivattāva hutvā tehi vinā ramatīti <span class="bld">paṭivirati</span>. Upasaggavasena vā padaṃ vaḍḍhitaṃ, sabbamidaṃ oramanabhāvasseva adhivacanaṃ. Veraṃ maṇati vināsetīti <span class="bld">veramaṇi</span>. Idampi oramanasseva vevacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para139"></a><a name="para139_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">139</span>. <span class="bld">Pāṇātipātā veramaṇī</span>tiādīsupi cetanā viratīti ubhayampi vaṭṭatiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para140"></a><a name="para140_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">140</span>. <span class="bld">Kuhanā</span>tiādīsu <a name="P4.0134"></a> tividhena kuhanavatthunā lokaṃ etāya kuhayanti vimhāpayantīti <span class="bld">kuhanā</span>. Lābhasakkāratthikā hutvā etāya lapantīti <span class="bld">lapanā</span>. Nimittaṃ sīlametesanti nemittikā, tesaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">nemittikatā</span>. Nippeso sīlametesanti nippesikā, tesaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">nippesikatā</span>. Lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanti magganti pariyesantīti lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanā, tesaṃ bhāvo <span class="bld">lābhena lābhaṃ nijigīsanatā</span>. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārena panetā kuhanādikā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> sīlaniddeseyeva pāḷiñca <span class="bld">aṭṭhakathañca</span> āharitvā pakāsitā. <span class="bld">Micchāājīvassa pahānāyā</span>ti ettha na kevalaṃ pāḷiyaṃ āgatova micchāājīvo, ājīvahetu pana pavattitā pāṇātipātādayo sattakammapathacetanāpi micchāājīvova. Tāsaṃyeva sattannaṃ cetanānaṃ padapacchedaṃ samugghātaṃ kurumānaṃ maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā uppannā virati sammāājīvo nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para141"></a><a name="para141_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">141</span>. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhissā</span>ti maggasammādiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa puggalassa. <span class="bld">Sammāsaṅkappo pahotī</span>ti maggasammāsaṅkappo pahoti, phalasammādiṭṭhissapi phalasammāsaṅkappo pahotīti evaṃ sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Sammāñāṇassa</span> <a name="M4.0095"></a> <span class="bld">sammāvimuttī</span>ti ettha pana maggasammāsamādhimhi ṭhitassa maggapaccavekkhaṇaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ pahoti, phalasammāsamādhimhi ṭhitassa phalapaccavekkhaṇaṃ sammāñāṇaṃ pahoti. Maggapaccavekkhaṇasammāñāṇe ca ṭhitassa maggasammāvimutti pahoti, phalapaccavekkhaṇasammāñāṇe <a name="P4.0135"></a> ṭhitassa phalasammāvimutti pahotīti attho. Ettha ca ṭhapetvā aṭṭha phalaṅgāni sammāñāṇaṃ paccavekkhaṇaṃ katvā sammāvimuttiṃ phalaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para142"></a><a name="para142_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">142</span>. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhissa</span><a name="V4.0097"></a>, <span class="bld">bhikkhave, micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hotī</span>tiādīsu avasesanikāyabhāṇakā phalaṃ kathitanti vadanti, majjhimabhāṇakā pana dasannaṃ nijjaravatthūnaṃ āgataṭṭhāne maggo kathitoti vadanti. Tattha dassanaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sammādiṭṭhi</span> veditabbā, viditakaraṇaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sammāñāṇaṃ,</span> tadadhimuttaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sammāvimutti.</span></p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vīsati kusalapakkhā</span>ti sammādiṭṭhiādayo dasa, ‘‘sammādiṭṭhipaccayā ca aneke kusalā dhammā’’tiādinā nayena vuttā dasāti evaṃ vīsati kusalapakkhā honti. <span class="bld">Vīsati akusalapakkhā</span>ti ‘‘micchādiṭṭhi nijjiṇṇā hotī’’tiādinā nayena vuttā micchādiṭṭhiādayo dasa, ‘‘ye ca micchādiṭṭhipaccayā aneke pāpakā’’tiādinā vuttā dasa cāti evaṃ vīsati akusalapakkhā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Mahācattārīsako</span>ti mahāvipākadānena mahantānaṃ kusalapakkhikānañceva akusalapakkhikānañca cattārīsāya dhammānaṃ pakāsitattā mahācattārīsakoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imasmiñca pana sutte pañca sammādiṭṭhiyo kathitā vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi kammassakatāsammādiṭṭhi maggasammādiṭṭhi phalasammādiṭṭhi paccavekkhaṇāsammādiṭṭhīti. Tattha ‘‘micchādiṭṭhiṃ micchādiṭṭhīti pajānātī’’tiādinā nayena vuttā vipassanāsammādiṭṭhi nāma. ‘‘Atthi dinna’’ntiādinā nayena vuttā kammassakatāsammādiṭṭhi nāma. ‘‘Sammādiṭṭhissa, bhikkhave, sammāsaṅkappo pahotī’’ti ettha pana maggasammādiṭṭhi phalasammādiṭṭhīti dvepi kathitā. ‘‘Sammāñāṇaṃ pahotī’’ti. Ettha pana paccavekkhaṇāsammādiṭṭhi kathitāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para143"></a><a name="para143_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">143</span>. <span class="bld">Sammādiṭṭhiṃ</span> <a name="M4.0096"></a><a name="P4.0136"></a> <span class="bld">ce bhavaṃ garahatī</span>ti micchādiṭṭhi nāmāyaṃ sobhanāti vadantopi sammādiṭṭhi nāmāyaṃ na sobhanāti vadantopi sammādiṭṭhiṃ garahati nāma. <span class="bld">Okkalā</span>ti okkalajanapadavāsino. <span class="bld">Vassabhaññā</span>ti vasso ca bhañño cāti dve janā. <span class="bld">Ahetuvādā</span>ti natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyāti evamādivādino. <span class="bld">Akiriyavādā</span>ti karoto na karīyati pāpanti evaṃ kiriyapaṭikkhepavādino. <span class="bld">Natthikavādā</span>ti natthi dinnantiādivādino. Te imesu tīsupi dassanesu okkantaniyāmā ahesuṃ. Kathaṃ panetesu niyāmo hotīti. Yo hi evarūpaṃ laddhiṃ gahetvā rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhāne nisinno sajjhāyati vīmaṃsati, tassa ‘‘natthi hetu <a name="V4.0098"></a> natthi paccayo karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ, natthi dinnaṃ, kāyassa bhedā ucchijjatī’’ti tasmiṃ ārammaṇe micchāsati santiṭṭhati, cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti, javanāni javanti. Paṭhamajavane satekiccho hoti, tathā dutiyādīsu. Sattame buddhānampi atekiccho anivattī ariṭṭhakaṇḍakasadiso hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha koci ekaṃ dassanaṃ okkamati, koci dve, koci tīṇipi, niyatamicchādiṭṭhikova hoti, patto saggamaggāvaraṇañceva mokkhamaggāvaraṇañca. Abhabbo tassa attabhāvassa anantaraṃ saggampi gantuṃ, pageva mokkhaṃ, vaṭṭakhāṇu nāmesa satto pathavīgopako, yebhuyyena <a name="P4.0137"></a> evarūpassa bhavato vuṭṭhānaṃ natthi. Vassabhaññāpi edisā ahesuṃ. <span class="bld">Nindābyārosaupārambhabhayā</span>ti attano nindābhayena ghaṭṭanabhayena upavādabhayena cāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahācattārīsakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Ānāpānassatisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para144"></a><a name="para144_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">144</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0099"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti ānāpānassatisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">aññehi cā</span>ti ṭhapetvā pāḷiyaṃ āgate dasa there aññehipi abhiññātehi bahūhi <a name="M4.0097"></a> sāvakehi saddhiṃ. Tadā kira mahā bhikkhusaṅgho ahosi aparicchinnagaṇano.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ovadanti anusāsantī</span>ti āmisasaṅgahena dhammasaṅgahena cāti dvīhi saṅgahehi saṅgaṇhitvā kammaṭṭhānovādānusāsanīhi ovadanti ca anusāsanti ca. <span class="bld">Te cā</span>ti cakāro āgamasandhimattaṃ. <span class="bld">Uḷāraṃ pubbenāparaṃ visesaṃ jānantī</span>ti sīlaparipūraṇādito pubbavisesato uḷārataraṃ aparaṃ kasiṇaparikammādivisesaṃ jānantīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para145"></a><a name="para145_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">145</span>. <span class="bld">Āraddho</span>ti tuṭṭho. <span class="bld">Appattassa pattiyā</span>ti appattassa arahattassa pāpuṇanatthaṃ. Sesapadadvayepi ayameva attho. <span class="bld">Komudiṃ cātumāsini</span>nti pacchimakattikacātumāsapuṇṇamaṃ. Sā hi kumudānaṃ atthitāya komudī, catunnaṃ vassikānaṃ māsānaṃ pariyosānattā cātumāsinīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Āgamessāmī</span>ti udikkhissāmi, ajja apavāretvā yāva sā āgacchati, tāva katthaci agantvā idheva vasissāmīti attho. Iti bhikkhūnaṃ pavāraṇasaṅgahaṃ anujānanto evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pavāraṇasaṅgaho</span> nāma ñattidutiyena kammena diyyati kassa <a name="P4.0138"></a> panesa diyyati, kassa na diyyatīti. Akārakassa tāva bālaputhujjanassa na diyyati, tathā āraddhavipassakassa ceva ariyasāvakassa ca. Yassa pana samatho vā taruṇo hoti vipassanā vā, tassa diyyati. Bhagavāpi tadā bhikkhūnaṃ cittācāraṃ parivīmaṃsanto samathavipassanānaṃ taruṇabhāvaṃ ñatvā – ‘‘mayi ajja pavārente disāsu vassaṃvuṭṭhā bhikkhū idha osarissanti. Tato ime bhikkhū vuḍḍhatarehi bhikkhūhi senāsane gahite visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ na sakkhissanti. Sacepi cārikaṃ pakkamissāmi, imesaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ dullabhameva bhavissati. Mayi pana apavārente bhikkhūpi imaṃ <a name="V4.0100"></a> sāvatthiṃ na osarissanti, ahampi cārikaṃ na pakkamissāmi, evaṃ imesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ apalibuddhaṃ bhavissati. Te attano attano vasanaṭṭhāne phāsu viharantā samathavipassanā thāmajātā katvā visesaṃ nibbattetuṃ sakkhissantī’’ti so taṃdivasaṃ apavāretvā kattikapuṇṇamāyaṃ pavāressāmīti bhikkhūnaṃ pavāraṇasaṅgahaṃ <a name="M4.0098"></a> anujāni. Pavāraṇasaṅgahasmiñhi laddhe yassa nissayapaṭipannassa ācariyupajjhāyā pakkamanti, sopi ‘‘sace patirūpo nissayadāyako āgamissati, tassa santike nissayaṃ gaṇhissāmī’’ti yāva gimhānaṃ pacchimamāsā vasituṃ labhati. Sacepi saṭṭhivassā bhikkhū āgacchanti, tassa senāsanaṃ gahetuṃ na labhanti. Ayañca pana pavāraṇasaṅgaho ekassa dinnopi sabbesaṃ dinnoyeva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāvatthiṃ osarantī</span>ti bhagavatā pavāraṇasaṅgaho dinnoti sutasutaṭṭhāneyeva yathāsabhāvena ekaṃ māsaṃ vasitvā kattikapuṇṇamāya uposathaṃ katvā osarante sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pubbenāpara</span>nti idha taruṇasamathavipassanāsu kammaṃ <a name="P4.0139"></a> katvā samathavipassanā thāmajātā akaṃsu, ayaṃ pubbe viseso nāma. Tato samāhitena cittena saṅkhāre sammasitvā keci sotāpattiphalaṃ…pe… keci arahattaṃ sacchikariṃsu. Ayaṃ aparo uḷāro viseso nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para146"></a><a name="para146_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">146</span>. <span class="bld">Ala</span>nti yuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Yojanagaṇanānī</span>ti ekaṃ yojanaṃ yojanameva, dasapi yojanāni yojanāneva, tato uddhaṃ yojanagaṇanānīti vuccanti. Idha pana yojanasatampi yojanasahassampi adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Puṭosenāpī</span>ti puṭosaṃ vuccati pātheyyaṃ. taṃ pātheyyaṃ gahetvāpi upasaṅkamituṃ yuttamevāti attho. ‘‘Puṭaṃsenā’’tipi pāṭho, tassattho – puṭo aṃse assāti puṭaṃso, tena puṭaṃsena, aṃse pātheyyapuṭaṃ vahantenāpīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para147"></a><a name="para147_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">147</span>. Idāni evarūpehi caraṇehi samannāgatā ettha bhikkhū atthīti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">santi, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānāna</span>ntiādīni tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ abhiniviṭṭhakammaṭṭhānadassanatthaṃ vuttāni. Tattha sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā lokiyalokuttarā kathitā. Tatra hi ye bhikkhū tasmiṃ khaṇe maggaṃ bhāventi, tesaṃ lokuttarā honti. Āraddhavipassakānaṃ lokiyā. <span class="bld">Aniccasaññābhāvanānuyoga</span>nti ettha saññāsīsena vipassanā kathitā<a name="V4.0101"></a>. Yasmā panettha ānāpānakammaṭṭhānavasena abhiniviṭṭhāva <a name="M4.0099"></a> bahū bhikkhū, tasmā sesakammaṭṭhānāni saṅkhepena kathetvā ānāpānakammaṭṭhānaṃ vitthārena kathento <span class="bld">ānāpānassati, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Idaṃ pana ānāpānakammaṭṭhānaṃ sabbākārena <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> vitthāritaṃ, tasmā tattha vuttanayenevassa pāḷittho ca bhāvanānayo ca veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para149"></a><a name="para149_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">149</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyaññatara</span>nti <a name="P4.0140"></a> pathavīkāyādīsu catūsu kāyesu aññataraṃ vadāmi, vāyo kāyaṃ vadāmīti attho. Atha vā rūpāyatanaṃ…pe… kabaḷīkāro āhāroti pañcavīsati rūpakoṭṭhāsā rūpakāyo nāma. Tesu ānāpānaṃ phoṭṭhabbāyatane saṅgahitattā kāyaññataraṃ hoti, tasmāpi evamāha. <span class="bld">Tasmātihā</span>ti yasmā catūsu kāyesu aññataraṃ vāyokāyaṃ, pañcavīsatirūpakoṭṭhāse vā rūpakāye aññataraṃ ānāpānaṃ anupassati, tasmā kāye kāyānupassīti attho. Evaṃ sabbattha attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vedanāññatara</span>nti tīsu vedanāsu aññataraṃ, sukhavedanaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Sādhukaṃ manasikāra</span>nti pītipaṭisaṃveditādivasena uppannaṃ sundaramanasikāraṃ. Kiṃ pana manasikāro sukhavedanā hotīti. Na hoti, desanāsīsaṃ panetaṃ. Yatheva hi ‘‘aniccasaññābhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā’’ti ettha saññānāmena paññā vuttā, evamidhāpi manasikāranāmena vedanā vuttāti veditabbā. Etasmiṃ catukke paṭhamapade pītisīsena vedanā vuttā, dutiyapade sukhanti sarūpeneva vuttā. Cittasaṅkhārapadadvaye ‘‘saññā ca vedanā ca cetasikā, ete dhammā cittapaṭibaddhā cittasaṅkhārā’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.174) vacanato ‘‘vitakkavicāre ṭhapetvā sabbepi cittasampayuttakā dhammā cittasaṅkhāre saṅgahitā’’ti vacanato cittasaṅkhāranāmena vedanā vuttā. Taṃ sabbaṃ manasikāranāmena saṅgahetvā idha ‘‘sādhukaṃ manasikāra’’nti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ santepi yasmā esā vedanā ārammaṇaṃ na hoti, tasmā vedanānupassanā na yujjatīti. No na yujjati, satipaṭṭhānavaṇṇanāyampi hi ‘‘taṃtaṃsukhādīnaṃ <a name="P4.0141"></a> vatthuṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā vedanāva vedayati, taṃ pana vedanāpavattiṃ upādāya ‘ahaṃ vedayāmī’ti vohāramattaṃ hotī’’ti vuttaṃ<a name="M4.0100"></a>. Apica pītipaṭisaṃvedītiādīnaṃ atthavaṇṇanāyametassa parihāro vuttoyeva. Vuttañhetaṃ visuddhimagge –</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Dvīhākārehi <a name="V4.0102"></a> pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti ārammaṇato ca asammohato ca. Kathaṃ ārammaṇato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti? Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjati, tassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānapaṭilābhena ārammaṇato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti ārammaṇassa paṭisaṃviditattā. Kathaṃ asammohato (pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti)? Sappītike dve jhāne samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhāya jhānasampayuttaṃ pītiṃ khayato vayato sammasati, tassa vipassanākkhaṇe lakkhaṇapaṭivedhā asammohato pīti paṭisaṃviditā hoti. Vuttampi cetaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ ‘dīghaṃ assāsavasena cittassa ekaggataṃ avikkhepaṃ pajānato sati upaṭṭhitā hoti, tāya satiyā, tena ñāṇena sā pīti paṭisaṃviditā hotī’ti. Eteneva nayena avasesapadānipi atthato veditabbānī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti yatheva jhānapaṭilābhena ārammaṇato pītisukhacittasaṅkhārā paṭisaṃviditā honti, evaṃ imināpi jhānasampayuttena vedanāsaṅkhātamanasikārapaṭilābhena ārammaṇato vedanā paṭisaṃviditā hoti. Tasmā suvuttametaṃ hoti ‘‘vedanāsu vedanānupassī tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassā</span>ti ettha ayamadhippāyo – yasmā cittapaṭisaṃvedī assasissāmītiādinā nayena pavatto bhikkhu kiñcāpi assāsapassāsanimittaṃ ārammaṇaṃ karoti, tassa pana cittassa ārammaṇe satiñca sampajaññañca upaṭṭhapetvā pavattanato citte cittānupassīyeva nāmesa hoti. Na hi muṭṭhassatissa asampajānassa <a name="P4.0142"></a> ānāpānassatibhāvanā atthi. Tasmā ārammaṇato cittapaṭisaṃviditādivasena citte cittānupassī tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharatīti. <span class="bld">So yaṃ taṃ abhijjhādomanassānaṃ pahānaṃ, taṃ paññāya disvā sādhukaṃ ajjhupekkhitā hotī</span>ti ettha abhijjhāya kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ, domanassavasena byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ <a name="M4.0101"></a> dassitaṃ. Idañhi catukkaṃ vipassanāvaseneva vuttaṃ, dhammānupassanā ca nīvaraṇapabbādivasena chabbidhā hoti, tassā nīvaraṇapabbaṃ ādi, tassapi idaṃ nīvaraṇadvayaṃ ādi, iti dhammānupassanāya ādiṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘abhijjhādomanassāna’’nti āha. <span class="bld">Pahāna</span>nti aniccānupassanāya niccasaññaṃ pajahatīti evaṃ pahānakarañāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ paññāya disvā</span>ti taṃ aniccavirāganirodhapaṭinissaggāñāṇasaṅkhātaṃ pahānañāṇaṃ <a name="V4.0103"></a> aparāya vipassanāpaññāya, tampi aparāyāti evaṃ vipassanāparamparaṃ dasseti. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhitā hotī</span>ti yañca samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca ekato upaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhatīti dvidhā ajjhupekkhati nāma. Tattha sahajātānampi ajjhupekkhanā hoti ārammaṇassapi ajjhupekkhanā, idha ārammaṇaajjhupekkhanā adhippetā. <span class="bld">Tasmātiha, bhikkhave</span>ti yasmā aniccānupassī assasissāmītiādinā nayena pavatto na kevalaṃ nīvaraṇādidhamme, abhijjhādomanassasīsena pana vuttānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānañāṇampi paññāya disvā ajjhupekkhitā hoti, tasmā ‘‘dhammesu dhammānupassī tasmiṃ samaye bhikkhu viharatī’’ti veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para150"></a><a name="para150_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">150</span>. <span class="bld">Pavicinatī</span>ti aniccādivasena pavicinati. Itaraṃ padadvayaṃ etasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Nirāmisā</span>ti <a name="P4.0143"></a> nikkilesā. <span class="bld">Passambhatī</span>ti kāyikacetasikadarathapaṭippassaddhiyā kāyopi cittampi passambhati. <span class="bld">Samādhiyatī</span>ti sammā ṭhapiyati, appanāpattaṃ viya hoti. <span class="bld">Ajjhupekkhitā hotī</span>ti sahajātaajjhupekkhanāya ajjhupekkhitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ cuddasavidhena kāyapariggāhakassa bhikkhuno tasmiṃ kāye sati satisambojjhaṅgo, satiyā sampayuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgo, taṃsampayuttameva kāyikacetasikavīriyaṃ vīriyasambojjhaṅgo, pīti, passaddhi, cittekaggatā samādhisambojjhaṅgo, imesaṃ channaṃ sambojjhaṅgānaṃ anosakkanaanativattanasaṅkhāto majjhattākāro upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo. Yatheva hi samappavattesu assesu sārathino ‘‘ayaṃ olīyatī’’ti tudanaṃ vā, ‘‘ayaṃ atidhāvatī’’ti ākaḍḍhanaṃ vā natthi, kevalaṃ evaṃ passamānassa ṭhitākārova hoti, evameva imesaṃ channaṃ sambojjhaṅgānaṃ anosakkanaanativattanasaṅkhāto majjhattākāro upekkhāsambojjhaṅgo nāma hoti. Ettāvatā kiṃ kathitaṃ? Ekacittakkhaṇikā nānārasalakkhaṇā vipassanāsambojjhaṅgā nāma kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para152"></a><a name="para152_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">152</span>. <span class="bld">Vivekanissita</span>ntiādīni <a name="M4.0102"></a> vuttatthāneva. Ettha pana ānāpānapariggāhikā sati lokiyā hoti, lokiyā ānāpānā lokiyasatipaṭṭhānaṃ paripūrenti, lokiyā satipaṭṭhānā lokuttarabojjhaṅge paripūrenti, lokuttarā bojjhaṅgā vijjāvimuttiphalanibbānaṃ <a name="P4.0144"></a> paripūrenti. Iti lokiyassa <a name="V4.0104"></a> āgataṭṭhāne lokiyaṃ kathitaṃ, lokuttarassa āgataṭṭhāne lokuttaraṃ kathitanti. Thero panāha ‘‘aññattha evaṃ hoti, imasmiṃ pana sutte lokuttaraṃ upari āgataṃ, lokiyā ānāpānā lokiyasatipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, lokiyā satipaṭṭhānā lokiye bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, lokiyā bojjhaṅgā lokuttaraṃ vijjāvimuttiphalanibbānaṃ paripūrenti, vijjāvimuttipadena hi idha vijjāvimuttiphalanibbānaṃ adhippeta’’nti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Ānāpānassatisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Kāyagatāsatisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para153-4"></a><a name="para153-4_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">153-4</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0105"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti kāyagatāsatisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gehasitā</span>ti pañcakāmaguṇanissitā. <span class="bld">Sarasaṅkappā</span>ti dhāvanasaṅkappā. Sarantīti hi sarā, dhāvantīti attho. <span class="bld">Ajjhattamevā</span>ti gocarajjhattasmiṃyeva. <span class="bld">Kāyagatāsati</span>nti kāyapariggāhikampi kāyārammaṇampi satiṃ. Kāyapariggāhikanti vutte samatho kathito hoti, kāyārammaṇanti vutte vipassanā. Ubhayena samathavipassanā kathitā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Puna caparaṃ…pe… evampi, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāyagatāsatiṃ bhāvetī</span>ti satipaṭṭhāne cuddasavidhena kāyānupassanā kathitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para156"></a><a name="para156_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">156</span>. <span class="bld">Antogadhāvāssā</span>ti tassa bhikkhuno bhāvanāya abbhantaragatāva honti. <span class="bld">Vijjābhāgiyā</span>ti ettha sampayogavasena vijjaṃ bhajantīti <a name="P4.0145"></a> vijjābhāgiyā. Vijjābhāge vijjākoṭṭhāse vattantītipi vijjābhāgiyā. Tattha <a name="M4.0103"></a> vipassanāñāṇaṃ, manomayiddhi, cha abhiññāti aṭṭha vijjā. Purimena atthena tāhi sampayuttadhammāpi vijjābhāgiyā. Pacchimena atthena tāsu yā kāci ekā vijjā vijjā, sesā vijjābhāgiyāti evaṃ vijjāpi vijjāya sampayuttā dhammāpi vijjābhāgiyāteva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cetasā phuṭo</span>ti ettha duvidhaṃ pharaṇaṃ āpopharaṇañca, dibbacakkhupharaṇañca, tattha āpokasiṇaṃ samāpajjitvā āpena pharaṇaṃ āpopharaṇaṃ nāma. Evaṃ phuṭepi mahāsamudde sabbā samuddaṅgamā kunnadiyo antogadhāva honti, ālokaṃ pana vaḍḍhetvā dibbacakkhunā sakalasamuddassa dassanaṃ dibbacakkhupharaṇaṃ nāma. Evaṃ pharaṇepi mahāsamudde sabbā samuddaṅgamā kunnadiyo antogadhāva honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Otāra</span>nti vivaraṃ chiddaṃ. <span class="bld">Ārammaṇa</span>nti kilesuppattipaccayaṃ. <span class="bld">Labhetha otāra</span>nti labheyya pavesanaṃ, vinivijjhitvā yāva pariyosānā gaccheyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Nikkhepana</span>nti nikkhipanaṭṭhānaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para157"></a><a name="para157_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">157</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V4.0106"></a> abhāvitakāyagatāsatiṃ puggalaṃ allamattikapuñjādīhi upametvā idāni bhāvitakāyagatāsatiṃ sāraphalakādīhi upametuṃ <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">aggaḷaphalaka</span>nti kavāṭaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para158"></a><a name="para158_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">158</span>. <span class="bld">Kākapeyyo</span>ti mukhavaṭṭiyaṃ nisīditvā kākena gīvaṃ anāmetvāva pātabbo. <span class="bld">Abhiññāsacchikaraṇīyassā</span>ti abhiññāya sacchikātabbassa. <span class="bld">Sakkhibhabbataṃ</span> <a name="P4.0146"></a> <span class="bld">pāpuṇātī</span>ti paccakkhabhāvaṃ pāpuṇāti. <span class="bld">Sati sati āyatane</span>ti satisati kāraṇe. Kiṃ panettha kāraṇanti? Abhiññāva kāraṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āḷibandhā</span>ti mariyādabaddhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yānīkatāyā</span>ti yuttayānaṃ viya katāya. <span class="bld">Vatthukatāyā</span>ti patiṭṭhākatāya. <span class="bld">Anuṭṭhitāyā</span>ti anuppavattitāya. <span class="bld">Paricitāyā</span>ti paricayakatāya. <span class="bld">Susamāraddhāyā</span>ti suṭṭhu samāraddhāya susampaggahitāya. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Kāyagatāsatisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Saṅkhārupapattisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para160"></a><a name="para160_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">160</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0107"></a><a name="M4.0104"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti saṅkhārupapattisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhārupapatti</span>nti saṅkhārānaṃyeva upapattiṃ, na sattassa, na posassa, puññābhisaṅkhārena vā bhavūpagakkhandhānaṃ upapattiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para161"></a><a name="para161_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">161</span>. <span class="bld">Saddhāya samannāgato</span>ti saddhādayo pañca dhammā lokikā vaṭṭanti. <span class="bld">Dahatī</span>ti ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Adhiṭṭhātī</span>ti patiṭṭhāpeti. <span class="bld">Saṅkhārā ca vihārā cā</span>ti saha patthanāya saddhādayova pañca dhammā. <span class="bld">Tatrupapattiyā</span>ti tasmiṃ ṭhāne nibbattanatthāya. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ maggo ayaṃ paṭipadā</span>ti saha patthanāya pañca <a name="P4.0147"></a> dhammāva. Yassa hi pañca dhammā atthi, na patthanā, tassa gati anibaddhā. Yassa patthanā atthi, na pañca dhammā, tassapi anibaddhā. Yesaṃ ubhayaṃ atthi, tesaṃ gati nibaddhā. Yathā hi ākāse khittadaṇḍo aggena vā majjhena vā mūlena vā nipatissatīti niyamo natthi, evaṃ sattānaṃ paṭisandhiggahaṇaṃ aniyataṃ. Tasmā kusalaṃ kammaṃ katvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne patthanaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para165"></a><a name="para165_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">165</span>. <span class="bld">Āmaṇḍa</span>nti āmalakaṃ. Yathā taṃ parisuddhacakkhussa purisassa sabbasova pākaṭaṃ hoti, evaṃ tassa brahmuno saddhiṃ tattha nibbattasattehi sahassī lokadhātu. Esa nayo sabbattha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para167"></a><a name="para167_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">167</span>. <span class="bld">Subho</span>ti sundaro. <span class="bld">Jātimā</span>ti ākarasampanno. <span class="bld">Suparikammakato</span>ti dhovanādīhi suṭṭhukataparikammo. <span class="bld">Paṇḍukambale nikkhitto</span>ti rattakambale ṭhapito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para168"></a><a name="para168_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">168</span>. <span class="bld">Satasahasso</span>ti lokadhātusatasahassamhi ālokapharaṇabrahmā. <span class="bld">Nikkha</span>nti nikkhena kataṃ piḷandhanaṃ, nikkhaṃ nāma pañcasuvaṇṇaṃ, ūnakanikkhena kataṃ pasādhanañhi ghaṭṭanamajjanakkhamaṃ na hoti, atirekena kataṃ ghaṭṭanamajjanaṃ khamati, vaṇṇavantaṃ pana na hoti, pharusadhātukaṃ khāyati. Nikkhena kataṃ ghaṭṭanamajjanañceva khamati, vaṇṇavantañca hoti. <span class="bld">Jambonada</span>nti jambunadiyaṃ nibbattaṃ. Mahājamburukkhassa hi ekekā sākhā paṇṇāsa paṇṇāsa yojanāni <a name="V4.0108"></a> vaḍḍhitā, tāsu mahantā nadiyo sandanti, tāsaṃ nadīnaṃ <a name="P4.0148"></a> ubhayatīresu jambupakkānaṃ patitaṭṭhāne suvaṇṇaṅkurā uṭṭhahanti, te nadījalena vuyhamānā <a name="M4.0105"></a> anupubbena mahāsamuddaṃ pavisanti. Taṃ sandhāya jambonadanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Dakkhakammāraputtaukkāmukhasukusalasampahaṭṭha</span>nti dakkhena sukusalena kammāraputtena ukkāmukhe pacitvā sampahaṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkāmukhe</span>ti uddhane. <span class="bld">Sampahaṭṭha</span>nti dhotaghaṭṭitamajjitaṃ. Vatthopame (ma. ni. 1.75-76) ca dhātuvibhaṅge (ma. ni. 3.357-360) ca piṇḍasodhanaṃ vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ sutte katabhaṇḍasodhanaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yaṃ pana sabbavāresu <span class="bld">pharitvā adhimuccitvā</span>ti vuttaṃ, tattha pañcavidhaṃ pharaṇaṃ cetopharaṇaṃ kasiṇapharaṇaṃ dibbacakkhupharaṇaṃ ālokapharaṇaṃ sarīrapharaṇanti. Tattha cetopharaṇaṃ nāma lokadhātusahasse sattānaṃ cittajānanaṃ. Kasiṇapharaṇaṃ nāma lokadhātusahasse kasiṇapattharaṇaṃ. Dibbacakkhupharaṇaṃ nāma ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbena cakkhunā sahassalokadhātudassanaṃ. Ālokapharaṇampi etadeva. Sarīrapharaṇaṃ nāma lokadhātusahasse sarīrapabhāya pattharaṇaṃ. Sabbattha imāni pañca pharaṇāni avināsentena kathetabbanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tipiṭakacūḷābhayatthero panāha – ‘‘maṇiopamme kasiṇapharaṇaṃ viya nikkhopamme sarīrapharaṇaṃ viya dissatī’’ti. Tassa vādaṃ viya aṭṭhakathā nāma natthīti paṭikkhitvā sarīrapharaṇaṃ na sabbakālikaṃ, cattārimāni <a name="P4.0149"></a> pharaṇāni avināsetvāva kathetabbanti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Adhimuccatī</span>ti padaṃ pharaṇapadasseva vevacanaṃ, atha vā <span class="bld">pharatī</span>ti pattharati. <span class="bld">Adhimuccatī</span>ti jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para169"></a><a name="para169_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">169</span>. <span class="bld">Ābhā</span>tiādīsu ābhādayo nāma pāṭiyekkā devā natthi, tayo parittābhādayo devā ābhā nāma, parittāsubhādayo ca. Subhakiṇhādayo ca subhā nāma. Vehapphalādivārā pākaṭāyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ime tāva pañca dhamme bhāvetvā kāmāvacaresu nibbattatu. Brahmaloke nibbattaṃ pana āsavakkhayañca kathaṃ pāpuṇātīti? Ime pañca dhammā sīlaṃ, so imasmiṃ sīle patiṭṭhāya kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā tā tā samāpattiyo bhāvetvā rūpībrahmaloke nibbattati, arūpajjhānāni <a name="V4.0109"></a> nibbattetvā <a name="M4.0106"></a> arūpībrahmaloke, samāpattipadaṭṭhānaṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā anāgāmiphalaṃ sacchikatvā pañcasu suddhāvāsesu nibbattati. Uparimaggaṃ bhāvetvā āsavakkhayaṃ pāpuṇātīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Saṅkhārupapattisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<a name="mn3_3"></a>
<p class="chapter">3. Suññatavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Cūḷasuññatasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para176"></a><a name="para176_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">176</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0110"></a><a name="M4.0107"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti cūḷasuññatasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ekamida</span>nti thero kira bhagavato vattaṃ katvā attano divāṭṭhānaṃ gantvā kālaparicchedaṃ katvā nibbānārammaṇaṃ suññatāphalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisinno yathāparicchedena vuṭṭhāsi. Athassa saṅkhārā suññato upaṭṭhahiṃsu. So suññatākathaṃ sotukāmo jāto. Athassa etadahosi <a name="P4.0150"></a> – ‘‘na kho pana sakkā dhurena dhuraṃ paharantena viya gantvā ‘suññatākathaṃ me, bhante, kathethā’ti bhagavantaṃ vattuṃ, handāhaṃ yaṃ me bhagavā nagarakaṃ upanissāya viharanto ekaṃ kathaṃ kathesi, taṃ sāremi, evaṃ me bhagavā suññatākathaṃ kathessatī’’ti dasabalaṃ sārento <span class="bld">ekamida</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">ida</span>nti nipātamattameva. <span class="bld">Kaccimetaṃ, bhante</span>ti thero ekapade ṭhatvā saṭṭhipadasahassāni uggahetvā dhāretuṃ samattho, kiṃ so ‘‘suññatāvihārenā’’ti ekaṃ padaṃ dhāretuṃ na sakkhissati, sotukāmena pana jānantena viya pucchituṃ na vaṭṭati, pākaṭaṃ katvā vitthāriyamānaṃ suññatākathaṃ sotukāmo ajānanto viya evamāha. Eko ajānantopi jānanto viya hoti, thero evarūpaṃ kohaññaṃ kiṃ karissati, attano jānanaṭṭhānepi bhagavato apacitiṃ dassetvā ‘‘kaccimeta’’ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbepī</span>ti paṭhamabodhiyaṃ nagarakaṃ upanissāya viharaṇakālepi. <span class="bld">Etarahipī</span>ti idānipi. Evaṃ pana vatvā cintesi – ‘‘ānando suññatākathaṃ sotukāmo, eko pana sotuṃ sakkoti, na uggahetuṃ, eko sotumpi uggahetumpi sakkoti, na kathetuṃ, ānando pana sotumpi sakkoti <a name="V4.0111"></a> uggahetumpi kathetumpi, (kathemissa) suññatākatha’’nti. Iti taṃ kathento <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">suñño hatthigavāssavaḷavenā</span>ti tattha kaṭṭharūpapotthakarūpacittarūpavasena katā hatthiādayo atthi, vessavaṇamandhātādīnaṃ ṭhitaṭṭhāne cittakammavasena katampi, ratanaparikkhatānaṃ vātapānadvārabandhamañcapīṭhādīnaṃ vasena saṇṭhitampi, jiṇṇapaṭisaṅkharaṇatthaṃ <a name="M4.0108"></a> ṭhapitampi jātarūparajataṃ atthi, kaṭṭharūpādivasena katā dhammasavanapañhapucchanādivasena āgacchantā <a name="P4.0151"></a> ca itthipurisāpi atthi, tasmā na so tehi suñño. Indriyabaddhānaṃ saviññāṇakānaṃ hatthiādīnaṃ, icchiticchitakkhaṇe paribhuñjitabbassa jātarūparajatassa, nibaddhavāsaṃ vasantānaṃ itthipurisānañca abhāvaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti bhikkhūsu hi piṇḍāya paviṭṭhesupi vihārabhattaṃ sādiyantehi bhikkhūhi ceva gilānagilānupaṭṭhākauddesacīvarakammapasutādīhi ca bhikkhūhi so asuññova hoti, iti niccampi bhikkhūnaṃ atthitāya evamāha. <span class="bld">Ekatta</span>nti ekabhāvaṃ, ekaṃ asuññataṃ atthīti attho. Eko asuññabhāvo atthīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Amanasikaritvā</span>ti citte akatvā anāvajjitvā apaccavekkhitvā. <span class="bld">Gāmasañña</span>nti gāmoti pavattavasena vā kilesavasena vā uppannaṃ gāmasaññaṃ. Manussasaññāyapi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Araññasaññaṃ paṭicca manasi karoti ekatta</span>nti idaṃ araññaṃ, ayaṃ rukkho, ayaṃ pabbato, ayaṃ nīlobhāso vanasaṇḍoti evaṃ ekaṃ araññaṃyeva paṭicca araññasaññaṃ manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Pakkhandatī</span>ti otarati. <span class="bld">Adhimuccatī</span>ti evanti adhimuccati. <span class="bld">Ye assu darathā</span>ti ye ca pavattadarathā vā kilesadarathā vā gāmasaññaṃ paṭicca bhaveyyuṃ, te idha araññasaññāya na santi. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Atthi cevāya</span>nti ayaṃ pana ekaṃ araññasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjamānā pavattadarathamattā atthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yañhi</span> <a name="P4.0152"></a> <span class="bld">kho tattha na hotī</span>ti yaṃ migāramātupāsāde hatthiādayo viya imissā araññasaññāya gāmasaññāmanussasaññāvasena uppajjamānaṃ pavattadarathakilesadarathajātaṃ, taṃ na hoti. <span class="bld">Yaṃ pana tattha avasiṭṭha</span>nti yaṃ migāramātupāsāde bhikkhusaṅgho viya tattha araññasaññāya pavattadarathamattaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Taṃ santamidaṃ atthīti pajānātī</span>ti taṃ vijjamānameva ‘‘atthi ida’’nti pajānāti, <span class="bld">suññatāvakkantī</span>ti suññatānibbatti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para177"></a><a name="para177_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">177</span>. <span class="bld">Amanasikaritvā</span> <a name="V4.0112"></a> <span class="bld">manussasañña</span>nti idha gāmasaññaṃ na gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘manussasaññāya gāmasaññaṃ nivattetvā, araññasaññāya manussasaññaṃ, pathavīsaññāya araññasaññaṃ, ākāsānañcāyatanasaññāya pathavīsaññaṃ…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññāya ākiñcaññāyatanasaññaṃ<a name="M4.0109"></a>, vipassanāya nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasaññaṃ, maggena vipassanaṃ nivattetvā anupubbena accantasuññataṃ nāma dassessāmī’’ti. Tasmā evaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">pathavīsañña</span>nti kasmā araññasaññaṃ pahāya pathavīsaññaṃ manasi karoti? Araññasaññāya visesānadhigamanato. Yathā hi purisassa ramaṇīyaṃ khettaṭṭhānaṃ disvā – ‘‘idha vuttā sāliādayo suṭṭhu sampajjissanti, mahālābhaṃ labhissāmī’’ti sattakkhattumpi khettaṭṭhānaṃ olokentassa sāliādayo na sampajjanteva, sace pana taṃ ṭhānaṃ vihatakhāṇukakaṇṭakaṃ katvā kasitvā vapati, evaṃ sante sampajjanti, evameva – ‘‘idaṃ araññaṃ, ayaṃ rukkho, ayaṃ pabbato, ayaṃ nīlobhāso vanasaṇḍo’’ti sacepi sattakkhattuṃ araññasaññaṃ manasi karoti, nevūpacāraṃ na samādhiṃ pāpuṇāti, pathavīsaññāya panassa dhuvasevanaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ pathavīkasiṇaṃ parikammaṃ katvā jhānāni nibbattetvā <a name="P4.0153"></a> jhānapadaṭṭhānampi vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā sakkā arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ. Tasmā araññasaññaṃ pahāya pathavīsaññaṃ manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Paṭiccā</span>ti paṭicca sambhūtaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yasmiṃ pathavīkasiṇe so pathavīsaññī hoti, tassa opammadassanatthaṃ <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha usabhassa etanti <span class="bld">āsabhaṃ</span>. Aññesaṃ pana gunnaṃ gaṇḍāpi honti pahārāpi. Tesañhi cammaṃ pasāriyamānaṃ nibbalikaṃ na hoti, usabhassa lakkhaṇasampannatāya te dosā natthi. Tasmā tassa cammaṃ gahitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkusatenā</span>ti khilasatena. <span class="bld">Suvihata</span>nti pasāretvā suṭṭhu vihataṃ. Ūnakasatasaṅkuvihatañhi nibbalikaṃ na hoti, saṅkusatena vihataṃ bheritalaṃ viya nibbalikaṃ hoti. Tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Ukkūlavikkūla</span>nti uccanīcaṃ thalaṭṭhānaṃ ninnaṭṭhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Nadīvidugga</span>nti nadiyo ceva duggamaṭṭhānañca. <span class="bld">Pathavīsaññaṃ paṭicca manasi karoti ekatta</span>nti kasiṇapathaviyaṃyeva paṭicca sambhūtaṃ ekaṃ saññaṃ manasi karoti. <span class="bld">Darathamattā</span>ti ito paṭṭhāya sabbavāresu pavattadarathavasena darathamattā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para182"></a><a name="para182_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">182</span>. <span class="bld">Animittaṃ cetosamādhi</span>nti vipassanācittasamādhiṃ. So hi niccanimittādivirahito <a name="V4.0113"></a> animittoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Imameva kāya</span>nti vipassanāya vatthuṃ dasseti. Tattha <span class="bld">imamevā</span>ti imaṃ eva catumahābhūtikaṃ. <span class="bld">Saḷāyatanika</span>nti <a name="M4.0110"></a><a name="P4.0154"></a> saḷāyatanapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Jīvitapaccayā</span>ti yāva jīvitindriyānaṃ pavatti, tāva jīvitapaccayā pavattadarathamattā atthīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para183"></a><a name="para183_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">183</span>. Puna <span class="bld">animitta</span>nti vipassanāya paṭivipassanaṃ dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kāmāsavaṃ paṭiccā</span>ti kāmāsavaṃ paṭicca uppajjanapavattadarathā idha na santi, ariyamagge ceva ariyaphale ca natthīti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Imameva kāya</span>nti imaṃ upādisesadarathadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Iti manussasaññāya gāmasaññaṃ nivattetvā…pe… maggena vipassanaṃ nivattetvā anupubbena accantasuññatā nāma dassitā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para184"></a><a name="para184_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">184</span>. <span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ. <span class="bld">Anuttara</span>nti uttaravirahitaṃ sabbaseṭṭhaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññata</span>nti suññataphalasamāpattiṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā atītepi, buddhapaccekabuddhabuddhasāvakasaṅkhātā samaṇabrāhmaṇā. Anāgatepi, etarahipi buddhabuddhasāvakasaṅkhātā samaṇabrāhmaṇā imaṃyeva parisuddhaṃ paramaṃ anuttaraṃ suññataṃ upasampajja vihariṃsu viharissanti viharanti ca, tasmā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷasuññatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Mahāsuññatasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para185"></a><a name="para185_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">185</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0114"></a><a name="P4.0155"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāsuññatasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">kāḷakhemakassā</span>ti chavivaṇṇena so kāḷo, khemakoti panassa nāmaṃ. <span class="bld">Vihāro</span>ti tasmiṃyeva nigrodhārāme ekasmiṃ padese pākārena parikkhipitvā dvārakoṭṭhakaṃ māpetvā haṃsavaṭṭakādisenāsanāni ceva maṇḍalamāḷabhojanasālādīni ca patiṭṭhapetvā kato vihāro. <span class="bld">Sambahulāni senāsanānī</span>ti mañco pīṭhaṃ bhisibimbohanaṃ taṭṭikā cammakhaṇḍo tiṇasanthāro paṇṇasanthāro palālasanthārotiādīni paññattāni honti, mañcena mañcaṃ…pe… palālasanthāreneva palālasanthāraṃ āhacca ṭhapitāni, gaṇabhikkhūnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānasadisaṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sambahulā</span> <a name="M4.0111"></a> <span class="bld">nu kho</span>ti bhagavato bodhipallaṅkeyeva sabbakilesānaṃ samugghāṭitattā saṃsayo nāma natthi, vitakkapubbabhāgā pucchā, vitakkapubbabhāge cāyaṃ nukāro nipātamatto. Pāṭimatthakaṃ gacchante avinicchito nāma na hoti. Ito kira pubbe bhagavatā dasa dvādasa bhikkhū ekaṭṭhāne vasantā na diṭṭhapubbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa etadahosi – gaṇavāso nāmāyaṃ vaṭṭe āciṇṇasamāciṇṇo nadīotiṇṇaudakasadiso, nirayatiracchānayonipettivisayāsurakāyesupi, manussaloka-devalokabrahmalokesupi gaṇavāsova āciṇṇo. Dasayojanasahasso hi <span class="bld">nirayo</span> tipucuṇṇabharitā nāḷi viya <a name="P4.0156"></a> sattehi nirantaro, pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇakaraṇaṭṭhāne sattānaṃ pamāṇaṃ vā paricchedo vā natthi, tathā vāsīhi tacchanādiṭhānesu, iti gaṇabhūtāva paccanti. <span class="bld">Tiracchānayoniyaṃ</span> ekasmiṃ vammike upasikānaṃ pamāṇaṃ vā paricchedo vā natthi, tathā ekekabilādīsupi kipillikādīnaṃ. Tiracchānayoniyampi gaṇavāsova. <span class="bld">Petanagarāni</span> ca gāvutikāni aḍḍhayojanikānipi petabharitāni honti. Evaṃ pettivisayepi gaṇavāsova. <span class="bld">Asurabhavanaṃ</span> dasayojanasahassaṃ kaṇṇe pakkhittasūciyā kaṇṇabilaṃ viya hoti. Iti asurakāyepi gaṇavāsova. <span class="bld">Manussaloke</span> sāvatthiyaṃ sattapaṇṇāsa kulasatasahassāni, rājagahe anto <a name="V4.0115"></a> ca bahi ca aṭṭhārasa manussakoṭiyo vasiṃsu. Evaṃ aññesupi ṭhānesūti manussalokepi gaṇavāsova. <span class="bld">Bhummadevatā</span> ādiṃ katvā devalokabrahmalokesupi gaṇavāsova. Ekekassa hi devaputtassa aḍḍhatiyā nāṭakakoṭiyo honti, navapi koṭiyo honti, ekaṭṭhāne dasasahassāpi brahmāno vasanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato cintesi – ‘‘mayā satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni gaṇavāsaviddhaṃsanatthaṃ dasa pāramiyo pūritā, ime ca bhikkhū ito paṭṭhāyeva gaṇaṃ bandhitvā gaṇābhiratā jātā ananucchavikaṃ karontī’’ti. So dhammasaṃvegaṃ uppādetvā puna cintesi – ‘‘sace ‘ekaṭṭhāne dvīhi bhikkhūhi na vasitabba’nti sakkā bhaveyya sikkhāpadaṃ paññapetuṃ, sikkhāpadaṃ paññāpeyyaṃ, na kho panetaṃ sakkā. Handāhaṃ mahāsuññatāpaṭipattiṃ nāma suttantaṃ <a name="M4.0112"></a> desemi, yaṃ sikkhākāmānaṃ kulaputtānaṃ sikkhāpadapaññatti viya nagaradvāre <a name="P4.0157"></a> nikkhittasabbakāyikaādāso viya ca bhavissati. Tato yathā nāmekasmiṃ ādāse khattiyādayo attano vajjaṃ disvā taṃ pahāya anavajjā honti, evamevaṃ mayi parinibbutepi pañcavassasahassāni imaṃ suttaṃ āvajjitvā gaṇaṃ vinodetvā ekībhāvābhiratā kulaputtā vaṭṭadukkhassa antaṃ karissantī’’ti. Bhagavato ca manorathaṃ pūrentā viya imaṃ suttaṃ āvajjitvā gaṇaṃ vinodetvā vaṭṭadukkhaṃ khepetvā parinibbutā kulaputtā gaṇanapathaṃ vītivattā. Vālikapiṭṭhivihārepi hi ābhidhammikaabhayatthero nāma vassūpanāyikasamaye sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ imaṃ suttaṃ sañjhāyitvā ‘‘sammāsambuddho evaṃ kāreti, mayaṃ kiṃ karomā’’ti āha. Te sabbepi antovasse gaṇaṃ vinodetvā ekībhāvābhiratā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Gaṇabhedanaṃ nāma idaṃ suttanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para186"></a><a name="para186_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">186</span>. <span class="bld">Ghaṭāyā</span>ti evaṃnāmakassa sakkassa. <span class="bld">Vihāre</span>ti ayampi vihāro nigrodhārāmasseva ekadese kāḷakhemakassa vihāro viya katoti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Cīvarakamma</span>nti jiṇṇamalinānaṃ aggaḷaṭṭhānuppādanadhovanādīhi kataparibhaṇḍampi, cīvaratthāya uppannavatthānaṃ vicāraṇasibbanādīhi akataṃ saṃvidhānampi vaṭṭati, idha pana akataṃ saṃvidhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Manussā hi ānandattherassa cīvarasāṭake adaṃsu. Tasmā thero sambahule bhikkhū gahetvā tattha cīvarakammaṃ akāsi. Tepi bhikkhū pātova sūcipāsakassa paññāyanakālato paṭṭhāya nisinnā apaññāyanakāle uṭṭhahanti. Sūcikamme <a name="V4.0116"></a> niṭṭhiteyeva senāsanāni saṃvidahissāmāti na saṃvidahiṃsu. <span class="bld">Cīvarakārasamayo no</span>ti thero kira cintesi – ‘‘addhā etehi bhikkhūhi na paṭisāmitāni senāsanāni, bhagavatā ca diṭṭhāni bhavissanti. Iti anattamano satthā suṭṭhu niggahetukāmo, imesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ upatthambho bhavissāmī’’ti; tasmā evamāha. Ayaṃ panettha <a name="P4.0158"></a> adhippāyo – ‘‘na, bhante, ime bhikkhū kammārāmā eva, cīvarakiccavasena pana evaṃ vasantī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na kho, ānandā</span>ti, ānanda, kammasamayo vā hotu akammasamayo vā, cīvarakārasamayo vā hotu acīvarakārasamayo vā, atha kho saṅgaṇikārāmo bhikkhu na sobhatiyeva. Mā tvaṃ anupatthambhaṭṭhāne upatthambho ahosīti. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅgaṇikā</span>ti sakaparisasamodhānaṃ. <span class="bld">Gaṇo</span>ti nānājanasamodhānaṃ. Iti saṅgaṇikārāmo vā hotu gaṇārāmo <a name="M4.0113"></a> vā, sabbathāpi gaṇabāhullābhirato gaṇabandhanabaddho bhikkhu na sobhati. Pacchābhatte pana divāṭṭhānaṃ sammajjitvā sudhotahatthapādo mūlakammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ekārāmatamanuyutto bhikkhu buddhasāsane sobhati. <span class="bld">Nekkhammasukha</span>nti kāmato nikkhantassa sukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Pavivekasukhampi</span> kāmapavivekasukhameva. Rāgādīnaṃ pana vūpasamatthāya saṃvattatīti <span class="bld">upasamasukhaṃ</span>. Maggasambodhatthāya saṃvattatīti <span class="bld">sambodhisukhaṃ. Nikāmalābhī</span>ti kāmalābhī icchitalābhī. <span class="bld">Akicchalābhī</span>ti adukkhalābhī. <span class="bld">Akasiralābhī</span>ti vipulalābhī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sāmāyika</span>nti appitappitasamaye kilesehi vimuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Kanta</span>nti manāpaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetovimutti</span>nti rūpārūpāvacaracittavimuttiṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘cattāri ca jhānāni catasso ca arūpasamāpattiyo, ayaṃ sāmāyiko vimokkho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.213). <span class="bld">Asāmāyika</span>nti <a name="P4.0159"></a> na samayavasena kilesehi vimuttaṃ, atha kho accantavimuttaṃ lokuttaraṃ vuttaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘cattāro ca ariyamaggā cattāri ca sāmaññaphalāni, ayaṃ asāmāyiko vimokkho’’ti. <span class="bld">Akuppa</span>nti kilesehi akopetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā kiṃ kathitaṃ hoti? Saṅgaṇikārāmo bhikkhu gaṇabandhanabaddho neva lokiyaguṇaṃ, na ca lokuttaraguṇaṃ nibbattetuṃ sakkoti, gaṇaṃ vinodetvā pana ekābhirato sakkoti. Tathā hi vipassī bodhisatto caturāsītiyā pabbajitasahassehi parivuto satta vassāni vicaranto sabbaññuguṇaṃ <a name="V4.0117"></a> nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi, gaṇaṃ vinodetvā sattadivase ekībhāvābhirato bodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha sabbaññuguṇaṃ nibbattesi. Amhākaṃ bodhisatto pañcavaggiyehi saddhiṃ chabbassāni vicaranto sabbaññuguṇaṃ nibbattetuṃ nāsakkhi, tesu pakkantesu ekībhāvābhirato bodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha sabbaññuguṇaṃ nibbattesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ saṅgaṇikārāmassa guṇādhigamābhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni dosuppattiṃ dassento <span class="bld">nāhaṃ ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">rūpa</span>nti sarīraṃ. <span class="bld">Yattha rattassā</span>ti yasmiṃ rūpe rāgavasena rattassa. <span class="bld">Na uppajjeyyu</span>nti yasmiṃ rūpe rattassa na uppajjeyyuṃ, taṃ rūpaṃ na samanupassāmi, atha kho sāriputtamoggallānānaṃ dasabalasāvakattupagamanasaṅkhātena aññathābhāvena sañcayassa <a name="M4.0114"></a> viya, upāligahapatino aññathābhāvena nāṭaputtassa viya, piyajātikasutte seṭṭhiādīnaṃ viya ca uppajjantiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para187"></a><a name="para187_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">187</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0160"></a> <span class="bld">kho panānandā</span>ti ko anusandhi? Sace hi koci dubbuddhī navapabbajito vadeyya – ‘‘sammāsambuddho khettaṃ paviṭṭhā gāviyo viya amheyeva gaṇato nīharati, ekībhāve niyojeti, sayaṃ pana rājarājamahāmattādīhi parivuto viharatī’’ti, tassa vacanokāsupacchedanatthaṃ – ‘‘cakkavāḷapariyantāya parisāya majjhe nisinnopi tathāgato ekakovā’’ti dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">sabbanimittāna</span>nti rūpādīnaṃ saṅkhanimittānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ajjhatta</span>nti visayajjhattaṃ. <span class="bld">Suññata</span>nti suññataphalasamāpattiṃ. <span class="bld">Tatra ce</span>ti upayogatthe bhummaṃ, taṃ ceti vuttaṃ hoti. Puna <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tasmiṃ parisamajjhe ṭhito. <span class="bld">Vivekaninnenā</span>ti nibbānaninnena. <span class="bld">Byantībhūtenā</span>ti āsavaṭṭhānīyadhammehi vigatantena nissaṭena visaṃyuttena. <span class="bld">Uyyojanikapaṭisaṃyutta</span>nti gacchatha tumheti evaṃ uyyojanikena vacanena paṭisaṃyuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāya pana velāya bhagavā evaṃ katheti? Pacchābhattakiccavelāya, vā purimayāmakiccavelāya vā. Bhagavā hi pacchābhatte gandhakuṭiyaṃ sīhaseyyaṃ kappetvā vuṭṭhāya phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdati. Tasmiṃ samaye dhammassavanatthāya parisā sannipatanti. Atha bhagavā kālaṃ viditvā gandhakuṭito nikkhamitvā buddhāsanavaragato dhammaṃ desetvā bhesajjatelapākaṃ gaṇhanto viya kālaṃ anatikkamitvā vivekaninnena cittena parisaṃ uyyojeti<a name="V4.0118"></a>. Purimayāmepi ‘‘abhikkantā kho vāseṭṭhā ratti, yassa dāni kālaṃ maññathā’’ti (dī. ni. 3.299) evaṃ uyyojeti<a name="P4.0161"></a>. Buddhānañhi bodhipattito paṭṭhāya dve pañcaviññāṇānipi nibbānaninnāneva. <span class="bld">Tasmātihānandā</span>ti yasmā suññatāvihāro santo paṇīto, tasmā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para188"></a><a name="para188_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">188</span>. <span class="bld">Ajjhattamevā</span>ti gocarajjhattameva. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ suññata</span>nti idha niyakajjhattaṃ, attano pañcasu khandhesu nissitanti attho. <span class="bld">Sampajāno hotī</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa asampajjanabhāvajānanena sampajāno. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti parassa pañcasu khandhesu. <span class="bld">Ajjhattabahiddhā</span>ti kālena ajjhattaṃ kālena bahiddhā<a name="M4.0115"></a>. <span class="bld">Āneñja</span>nti ubhatobhāgavimutto bhavissāmāti āneñjaṃ arūpasamāpattiṃ manasi karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmiṃyeva purimasmi</span>nti pādakajjhānaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Apaguṇapādakajjhānato vuṭṭhitassa hi ajjhattaṃ suññataṃ manasikaroto tattha cittaṃ na pakkhandati. Tato ‘‘parassa santāne nu kho katha’’nti bahiddhā manasi karoti, tatthapi na pakkhandati. Tato – ‘‘kālena attano santāne, kālena parassa santāne nu kho katha’’nti ajjhattabahiddhā manasi karoti, tatthapi na pakkhandati. Tato ubhatobhāgavimutto hotukāmo ‘‘arūpasamāpattiyaṃ nu kho katha’’nti āneñjaṃ manasi karoti, tatthapi na pakkhandati. Idāni – ‘‘na me cittaṃ pakkhandatīti vissaṭṭhavīriyena upaṭṭhākādīnaṃ pacchato na caritabbaṃ, pādakajjhānameva pana sādhukaṃ punappunaṃ manasikātabbaṃ. Evamassa rukkhe chindato pharasumhi avahante puna nisitaṃ kāretvā <a name="P4.0162"></a> chindantassa chijjesu pharasu viya kammaṭṭhāne manasikāro vahatī’’ti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">tasmiṃyevā</span>tiādimāha. Idānissa evaṃ paṭipannassa yaṃ yaṃ manasi karoti, tattha tattha manasikāro sampajjatīti dassento <span class="bld">pakkhandatī</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para189"></a><a name="para189_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">189</span>. <span class="bld">Iminā vihārenā</span>ti iminā samathavipassanāvihārena. <span class="bld">Itiha tattha sampajāno</span>ti iti caṅkamantopi tasmiṃ kammaṭṭhāne sampajjamāne ‘‘sampajjati me kammaṭṭhāna’’nti jānanena sampajāno hoti. <span class="bld">Sayatī</span>ti nipajjati. Ettha kañci kālaṃ caṅkamitvā – ‘‘idāni ettakaṃ kālaṃ caṅkamituṃ sakkhissāmī’’ti ñatvā iriyāpathaṃ ahāpetvā ṭhātabbaṃ. Esa nayo sabbavāresu<a name="V4.0119"></a>. <span class="bld">Na kathessāmīti, itiha tatthā</span>ti evaṃ na kathessāmīti jānanena tattha sampajānakārī hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna dutiyavāre <span class="bld">evarūpiṃ kathaṃ kathessāmī</span>ti jānanena sampajānakārī hoti, imassa bhikkhuno samathavipassanā taruṇāva, tāsaṃ anurakkhaṇatthaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Āvāso gocaro bhassaṃ, puggalo atha bhojanaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Utu iriyāpatho ceva, sappāyo sevitabbako’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satta sappāyāni icchitabbāni. Tesaṃ dassanatthamidaṃ vuttaṃ. Vitakkavāresu avitakkanassa ca vitakkanassa ca jānanena sampajānatā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para190"></a><a name="para190_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">190</span>. Iti <a name="M4.0116"></a> vitakkapahānena dve magge kathetvā idāni tatiyamaggassa vipassanaṃ ācikkhanto <span class="bld">pañca kho ime, ānanda, kāmaguṇā</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Āyatane</span>ti tesuyeva kāmaguṇesu kismiñcideva kilesuppattikāraṇe. <span class="bld">Samudācāro</span>ti samudācaraṇato appahīnakileso. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0163"></a> <span class="bld">santa</span>nti evaṃ vijjamānameva. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti kammaṭṭhānassa asampattijānanena sampajāno. Dutiyavāre <span class="bld">evaṃ santameta</span>nti evaṃ sante etaṃ. <span class="bld">Sampajāno</span>ti kammaṭṭhānasampattijānanena sampajāno. Ayañhi ‘‘pahīno nu kho me pañcasu kāmaguṇesu chandarāgo no’’ti paccavekkhamāno apahīnabhāvaṃ ñatvā vīriyaṃ paggahetvā taṃ anāgāmimaggena samugghāṭeti, tato maggānantaraṃ phalaṃ, phalato vuṭṭhāya paccavekkhamāno pahīnabhāvaṃ jānāti, tassa jānanena ‘‘sampajāno hotī’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para191"></a><a name="para191_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">191</span>. Idāni arahattamaggassa vipassanaṃ ācikkhanto <span class="bld">pañca kho ime, ānanda, upādānakkhandhā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">so pahīyatī</span>ti rūpe asmīti māno asmīti chando asmīti anusayo pahīyati. Tathā vedanādīsu sampajānatā vuttanāyeneva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ime kho te, ānanda, dhammā</span>ti heṭṭhā kathite samathavipassanāmaggaphaladhamme sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Kusalāyatikā</span>ti <a name="V4.0120"></a> kusalato āgatā. Kusalā hi kusalāpi honti kusalāyatikāpi, seyyathidaṃ, paṭhamajjhānaṃ kusalaṃ, dutiyajjhānaṃ kusalañceva kusalāyatikañca…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ kusalaṃ, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ kusalañceva kusalāyatikañca, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ kusalaṃ, sotāpattimaggo kusalo ceva kusalāyatiko ca…pe… anāgāmimaggo kusalo, arahattamaggo kusalo ceva kusalāyatiko ca. Tathā paṭhamajjhānaṃ kusalaṃ, taṃsampayuttakā dhammā kusalā ceva kusalāyatikā ca…pe… arahattamaggo kusalo, taṃsampayuttakā dhammā kusalā ceva kusalāyatikā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ariyā</span>ti nikkilesā visuddhā. <span class="bld">Lokuttarā</span>ti loke uttarā visiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Anavakkantā</span> <a name="P4.0164"></a> <span class="bld">pāpimatā</span>ti pāpimantena mārena anokkantā. Vipassanāpādakā <a name="M4.0117"></a> aṭṭha samāpattiyo appetvā nisinnassa hi bhikkhuno cittaṃ māro na passati, ‘‘idaṃ nāma ārammaṇaṃ nissāya saṃvattatī’’ti jātituṃ na sakkoti. Tasmā ‘‘anavakkantā’’ti vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ kiṃ maññasī</span>ti idaṃ kasmā āha? Gaṇepi eko ānisaṃso atthi, taṃ dassetuṃ idamāha. <span class="bld">Anubandhitu</span>nti anugacchituṃ paricarituṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na kho, ānandā</span>ti ettha kiñcāpi bhagavatā – ‘‘sutāvudho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati, anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (a. ni. 7.67) bahussuto pañcāvudhasampanno yodho viya kato. Yasmā pana so sutapariyattiṃ uggahetvāpi tadanucchavikaṃ anulomapaṭipadaṃ na paṭipajjati, na tassa taṃ āvudhaṃ hoti. Yo paṭipajjati, tasseva hoti. Tasmā etadatthaṃ anubandhituṃ nārahatīti dassento <span class="bld">na kho, ānandā</span>ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yadatthaṃ anubandhitabbo, taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">yā ca kho</span>tiādimāha. Iti imasmiṃ sutte tīsu ṭhānesu dasa kathāvatthūni āgatāni. ‘‘Iti evarūpaṃ kathaṃ kathessāmī’’ti sappāyāsappāyavasena āgatāni, ‘‘yadidaṃ suttaṃ geyya’’nti ettha sutapariyattivasena āgatāni, imasmiṃ <a name="V4.0121"></a> ṭhāne paripūraṇavasena āgatāni. Tasmā imasmiṃ sutte dasa kathāvatthūni kathentena imasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhatvā kathetabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni yasmā ekaccassa ekakassa viharatopi attho na sampajjati, tasmā taṃ sandhāya ekībhāve ādīnavaṃ dassento <span class="bld">evaṃ sante kho, ānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P4.0165"></a> <span class="bld">evaṃ sante</span>ti evaṃ ekībhāve sante.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para193"></a><a name="para193_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">193</span>. <span class="bld">Satthā</span>ti bāhirako titthakarasatthā. <span class="bld">Anvāvattantī</span>ti anuāvattanti upasaṅkamanti. <span class="bld">Mucchaṃ kāmayatī</span>ti mucchanataṇhaṃ pattheti, pavattetīti attho. <span class="bld">Ācariyūpaddavenā</span>ti abbhantare uppannena kilesūpaddavena ācariyassupaddavo. Sesupaddavesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Avadhiṃsu na</span>nti mārayiṃsu naṃ. Etena hi guṇamaraṇaṃ kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vinipātāyā</span>ti <a name="M4.0118"></a> suṭṭhu nipatanāya. Kasmā pana brahmacārupaddavova – ‘‘dukkhavipākataro ca kaṭukavipākataro ca vinipātāya ca saṃvattatī’’ti vuttoti. Bāhirapabbajjā hi appalābhā, tattha mahanto nibbattetabbaguṇo natthi, aṭṭhasamāpattipañcābhiññāmattakameva hoti. Iti yathā gadrabhapiṭṭhito patitassa mahantaṃ dukkhaṃ na hoti, sarīrassa paṃsumakkhanamattameva hoti, evaṃ bāhirasamaye lokiyaguṇamattatova parihāyati, tena purimaṃ upaddavadvayaṃ na evaṃ vuttaṃ. Sāsane pana pabbajjā mahālābhā, tattha cattāro maggā cattāri phalāni nibbānanti mahantā adhigantabbaguṇā. Iti yathā ubhato sujāto khattiyakumāro hatthikkhandhavaragato nagaraṃ anusañcaranto hatthikkhandhato patito mahādukkhaṃ nigacchati, evaṃ sāsanato parihāyamāno navahi lokuttaraguṇehi parihāyati. Tenāyaṃ brahmacārupaddavo evaṃ vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para196"></a><a name="para196_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">196</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā sesupaddavehi brahmacārupaddavo dukkhavipākataro, yasmā vā sapattapaṭipattiṃ vītikkamanto dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya <a name="P4.0166"></a> saṃvattati, mittapaṭipatti hitāya, tasmā. Evaṃ uparimenapi heṭṭhimenapi atthena yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Mittavatāyā</span>ti mittapaṭipattiyā. <span class="bld">Sapattavatāyā</span>ti verapaṭipattiyā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vokkamma</span> <a name="V4.0122"></a> <span class="bld">ca satthusāsanā</span>ti dukkaṭadubbhāsitamattampi hi sañcicca vītikkamanto vokkamma vattati nāma. Tadeva avītikkamanto na vokkamma vattati nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na vo ahaṃ, ānanda, tathā parakkamissāmī</span>ti ahaṃ tumhesu tathā na paṭipajjissāmi. <span class="bld">Āmake</span>ti apakke. <span class="bld">Āmakamatte</span>ti āmake nātisukkhe bhājane. Kumbhakāro hi āmakaṃ nātisukkhaṃ apakkaṃ ubhohi hatthehi saṇhikaṃ gaṇhāti ‘‘mā bhijjatū’’ti. Iti yathā kumbhakāro tattha paṭipajjati, nāhaṃ tumhesu tathā paṭipajjissāmi. <span class="bld">Niggayha niggayhā</span>ti sakiṃ ovaditvā tuṇhī na bhavissāmi, niggaṇhitvā niggaṇhitvā punappunaṃ ovadissāmi anusāsissāmi. <span class="bld">Pavayha pavayhā</span>ti dose pavāhetvā pavāhetvā. Yathā pakkabhājanesu kumbhakāro bhinnachinnajajjarāni pavāhetvā <a name="M4.0119"></a> ekato katvā supakkāneva ākoṭetvā ākoṭetvā gaṇhāti, evameva ahampi pavāhetvā pavāhetvā punappunaṃ ovadissāmi anusāsissāmi. <span class="bld">Yo</span> <a name="P4.0167"></a> <span class="bld">sāro so ṭhassatī</span>ti evaṃ vo mayā ovadiyamānānaṃ yo maggaphalasāro, so ṭhassati. Apica lokiyaguṇāpi idha sārotveva adhippetā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsuññatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Acchariyaabbhutasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para197"></a><a name="para197_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">197</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0123"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti acchariyaabbhutasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">yatra hi nāmā</span>ti acchariyatthe nipāto. Yo nāma tathāgatoti attho. <span class="bld">Chinnapapañce</span>ti ettha papañcā nāma taṇhā māno diṭṭhīti ime tayo kilesā. <span class="bld">Chinnavaṭume</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vaṭuma</span>nti kusalākusalakammavaṭṭaṃ vuccati. <span class="bld">Pariyādinnavaṭṭe</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhavītivatte</span>ti sabbaṃ vipākavaṭṭasaṅkhātaṃ dukkhaṃ vītivatte. <span class="bld">Anussarissatī</span>ti idaṃ yatrāti nipātavasena anāgatavacanaṃ, attho panettha atītavasena veditabbo. Bhagavā hi te buddhe anussari, na idāni anussarissati. <span class="bld">Evaṃjaccā</span>ti vipassīādayo khattiyajaccā, kakusandhādayo brāhmaṇajaccāti. <span class="bld">Evaṃgottā</span>ti vipassīādayo koṇḍaññagottā, kakusandhādayo kassapagottāti. <span class="bld">Evaṃsīlā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarasīlena evaṃsīlā. <span class="bld">Evaṃdhammā</span>ti ettha samādhipakkhā dhammā adhippetā<a name="P4.0168"></a>. Lokiyalokuttarena samādhinā evaṃsamādhinoti attho. <span class="bld">Evaṃpaññā</span>ti lokiyalokuttarapaññāya evaṃpaññā. <span class="bld">Evaṃvihārī</span>ti ettha pana heṭṭhā samādhipakkhānaṃ dhammānaṃ gahitattā vihāro gahitova, puna kasmā gahitameva gaṇhātīti ce, na idaṃ gahitameva. Idañhi nirodhasamāpattidīpanatthaṃ, tasmā evaṃnirodhasamāpattivihārīti ayamettha attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Evaṃvimuttā</span>ti <a name="M4.0120"></a> ettha vikkhambhanavimutti tadaṅgavimutti samucchedavimutti paṭippassaddhivimutti nissaraṇavimuttīti pañcavidhā vimuttiyo. Tattha aṭṭha samāpattiyo sayaṃ vikkhambhitehi nīvaraṇādīhi vimuttattā <span class="bld">vikkhambhanavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Aniccānupassanādikā satta anupassanā sayaṃ tassa tassa paccanīkaṅgavasena paricattāhi niccasaññādīhi vimuttattā <span class="bld">tadaṅgavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Cattāro ariyamaggā sayaṃ samucchinnehi kilesehi vimuttattā <span class="bld">samucchedavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Cattāri sāmaññaphalāni maggānubhāvena kilesānaṃ paṭippassaddhante uppannattā <span class="bld">paṭippassaddhivimuttī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti. Nibbānaṃ sabbakilesehi nissaṭattā apagatattā dūre ṭhitattā <span class="bld">nissaraṇavimuttī</span>ti saṅkhaṃ gataṃ. Iti imāsaṃ pañcannaṃ vimuttīnaṃ vasena evaṃvimuttāti evamettha attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para199"></a><a name="para199_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">199</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmātihā</span>ti <a name="V4.0124"></a> yasmā tvaṃ ‘‘tathāgatā acchariyā’’ti vadasi, tasmā taṃ bhiyyoso mattāya paṭibhantu tathāgatassa acchariyā abbhutadhammāti. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti ettha dvesampajaññāni manussaloke devaloke ca. Tattha vessantarajātake brāhmaṇassa <a name="P4.0169"></a> dve putte datvā punadivase sakkassa deviṃ datvā sakkena pasīditvā dinne aṭṭha vare gaṇhanto –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Ito vimuccamānāhaṃ, saggagāmī visesagū;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Anivattī tato assaṃ, aṭṭhametaṃ varaṃ vare’’ti. (jā. 2.22.2300) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ tusitabhavane me paṭisandhi hotūti varaṃ aggahesi, tato paṭṭhāya tusitabhavane uppajjissāmīti jānāti, idaṃ manussaloke sampajaññaṃ. Vessantarattabhāvato pana cuto puna tusitabhavane nibbattitvā nibbattosmīti aññāsi, idaṃ devaloke sampajaññaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana sesadevatā na jānantīti? No na jānanti. Tā pana uyyānavimānakapparukkhe oloketvā devanāṭakehi tūriyasaddena pabodhitā ‘‘mārisa ayaṃ devaloko tumhe idha nibbattā’’ti sāritā jānanti. Bodhisatto paṭhamajavanavāre na jānāti, dutiyajavanato paṭṭhāya jānāti. Iccassa aññehi asādhāraṇajānanaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhāsī</span>ti <a name="M4.0121"></a> ettha kiñcāpi aññepi devā tattha ṭhitā ṭhitamhāti jānanti, te pana chasu dvāresu balavatā iṭṭhārammaṇena abhibhuyyamānā satiṃ vissajjetvā attano bhuttapītabhāvampi ajānantā āhārūpacchedena kālaṃ karonti. Bodhisattassa kiṃ tathārūpaṃ ārammaṇaṃ natthīti? No natthi. So hi sesadeve dasahi ṭhānehi adhiggaṇhāti, ārammaṇena pana attānaṃ maddituṃ na deti, taṃ ārammaṇaṃ abhibhavitvā tiṭṭhati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sato sampajāno, ānanda, bodhisatto tusite kāye aṭṭhāsī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para200"></a><a name="para200_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">200</span>. <span class="bld">Yāvatāyuka</span>nti sesattabhāvesu kiṃ yāvatāyukaṃ na tiṭṭhattīti? Āma na tiṭṭhati. Aññadā hi dīghāyukadevaloke nibbatto tattha pāramiyo na sakkā pūretunti akkhīni nimīletvā adhimuttikālaṃkiriyaṃ nāma katvā manussaloke nibbattati<a name="P4.0170"></a>. Ayaṃ kālaṅkiriyā <a name="V4.0125"></a> aññesaṃ na hoti. Tadā pana adinnadānaṃ nāma natthi, arakkhitasīlaṃ nāma natthi, sabbapāramīnaṃ pūritattā yāvatāyukaṃ aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sato sampajāno tusitā kāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamatī</span>ti evaṃ tāva sabbapāramiyo pūretvā tadā bodhisatto yāvatāyukaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Devatānaṃ pana – ‘‘manussagaṇanāvasena idāni sattahi divasehi cuti bhavissatī’’ti pañca pubbanimittāni uppajjanti – mālā milāyanti, vatthāni kilissanti, kacchehi sedā muccanti, kāye dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkamati, devo devāsane na saṇṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">mālā</span>ti paṭisandhiggahaṇadivase piḷandhanamālā. Tā kira saṭṭhisatasahassādhikā sattapaṇṇāsa-vassakoṭiyo amilāyitvā tadā milāyanti. <span class="bld">Vatthesu</span>pi eseva nayo. Ettakaṃ pana kālaṃ devānaṃ neva sītaṃ na uṇhaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ kāle sarīrato bindubinduvasena <span class="bld">sedā</span> muccanti. Ettakañca kālaṃ tesaṃ sarīre khaṇḍiccapāliccādivasena <span class="bld">vivaṇṇatā</span> na paññāyati, devadhītā soḷasavassuddesikā viya, devaputtā vīsativassuddesikā viya khāyanti. Maraṇakāle pana nesaṃ kilantarūpo attabhāvo hoti. Ettakañca nesaṃ kālaṃ devaloke <span class="bld">ukkaṇṭhitā</span> <a name="M4.0122"></a> nāma natthi, maraṇakāle pana nissasanti vijambhanti, sake āsane nābhiramanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imāni pana pubbanimittāni, yathā loke mahāpuññānaṃ rājarājamahāmattādīnaṃyeva ukkāpātabhūmicālacandaggāhādīni <a name="P4.0171"></a> nimittāni paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ, evameva mahesakkhānaṃ devatānaṃyeva paññāyanti, na sabbesaṃ. Yathā ca manussesu pubbanimittāni nakkhattapāṭhakādayova jānanti, na sabbe, evameva tānipi sabbe devā na jānanti, paṇḍitā eva pana jānanti. Tattha ye ca mandena kusalakammena nibbattā devaputtā, te tesu uppannesu – ‘‘idāni ko jānāti, kuhiṃ nibbattissāmā’’ti bhāyanti. Ye mahāpuññā, te – ‘‘amhehi dinnaṃ dānaṃ rakkhitaṃ sīlaṃ bhāvitaṃ bhāvanaṃ āgamma uparidevalokesu sampattiṃ anubhavissāmā’’ti na bhāyanti. Bodhisattopi tāni pubbanimittāni disvā ‘‘idāni anantare attabhāve buddho bhavissāmī’’ti na bhāyi. Athassa tesu nimittesu pātubhūtesu dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā sannipatitvā – ‘‘mārisa tumhehi dasa pāramiyo pūrentehi na sakkasampattiṃ na mārabrahmacakkavattisampattiṃ <a name="V4.0126"></a> patthentehi pūritā, lokanittharaṇatthāya pana buddhattaṃ patthayamānehi pūritā. So vo idāni kālo mārisa buddhattāya, samayo mārisa buddhattāyā’’ti yācanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha mahāsatto devatānaṃ paṭiññaṃ adatvāva kāladīpadesakulajanettiāyuparicchedavasena <span class="bld">pañcamahāvilokanaṃ</span> nāma vilokesi. Tattha ‘‘kālo nu kho, na kālo’’ti paṭhamaṃ kālaṃ vilokesi. Tattha vassasatasahassato uddhaṃ vaḍḍhitaāyukālo kālo nāma na hoti. Kasmā? Tadā hi sattānaṃ jātijarāmaraṇāni na paññāyanti, buddhānañca dhammadesanā nāma tilakkhaṇamuttā natthi, tesaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti kathentānaṃ ‘‘kiṃ nāmetaṃ kathentī’’ti neva sotuṃ na saddhātuṃ <a name="P4.0172"></a> maññanti, tato abhisamayo na hoti, tasmiṃ asati aniyyānikaṃ sāsanaṃ hoti. Tasmā so akālo. Vassasatato ūnaāyukālopi kālo nāma na hoti. Kasmā? Tadā hi sattā ussannakilesā honti, ussannakilesānañca dinnovādo ovādaṭṭhāne na tiṭṭhati. Udake daṇḍarāji viya khippaṃ vigacchati. Tasmā sopi akālo. Satasahassato <a name="M4.0123"></a> pana paṭṭhāya heṭṭhā vassasatato paṭṭhāya uddhaṃ āyukālo kālo nāma. Tadā ca vassasatakālo hoti. Atha mahāsatto ‘‘nibbattitabbakālo’’ti <span class="bld">kālaṃ</span> passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <span class="bld">dīpaṃ</span> vilokento saparivāre cattāro dīpe oloketvā – ‘‘tīsu dīpesu buddhā na nibbattanti, jambudīpeyeva nibbattantī’’ti dīpaṃ passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato – ‘‘jambudīpo nāma mahā, dasayojanasahassaparimāṇo, katarasmiṃ nu kho padese buddhā nibbattantī’’ti <span class="bld">desaṃ</span> vilokento majjhimadesaṃ passi. Majjhimadeso nāma ‘‘puratthimāya disāya gajaṅgalaṃ nāma nigamo’’tiādinā nayena vinaye (mahāva. 259) vuttova. So pana āyāmato tīṇi yojanasatāni. Vitthārato aḍḍhatiyāni, parikkhepato navayojanasatānīti. Etasmiñhi padese cattāri aṭṭha soḷasa vā asaṅkhyeyyāni, kappasatasahassañca pāramiyo pūretvā sammāsambuddhā uppajjanti. Dve asaṅkhyeyyāni, kappasatasahassañca pāramiyo pūretvā paccekabuddhā uppajjanti, ekaṃ <a name="P4.0173"></a> asaṅkhyeyyaṃ, kappasatasahassañca pāramiyo pūretvā sāriputtamoggallānādayo mahāsāvakā uppajjanti, catunnaṃ mahādīpānaṃ dvisahassānaṃ parittadīpānañca issariyādhipaccakārakacakkavattirājāno uppajjanti, aññe ca mahesakkhā khattiyabrāhmaṇagahapatimahāsālā <a name="V4.0127"></a> uppajjanti. Idañcettha kapilavatthu nāma nagaraṃ, tattha mayā nibbattitabbanti niṭṭhamagamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <span class="bld">kulaṃ</span> vilokento – ‘‘buddhā nāma lokasammate kule nibbattanti, idāni ca khattiyakulaṃ lokasammataṃ, tattha nibbattissāmi, suddhodano nāma rājā me pitā bhavissatī’’ti kulaṃ passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <span class="bld">mātaraṃ</span> vilokento – ‘‘buddhamātā nāma lolā surādhuttā na hoti, kappasatasahassaṃ pūritapāramī jātito paṭṭhāya akhaṇḍapañcasīlā hoti, ayañca mahāmāyā nāma devī edisā. Ayaṃ me mātā bhavissati. Kittakaṃ panassā āyū’’ti āvajjanto – ‘‘dasannaṃ māsānaṃ upari satta divasānī’’ti passi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="M4.0124"></a> imaṃ <span class="bld">pañcamahāvilokanaṃ</span> viloketvā – ‘‘kālo me mārisā buddhabhāvāyā’’ti devatānaṃ saṅgahaṃ karonto paṭiññaṃ datvā ‘‘gacchatha tumhe’’ti tā devatā uyyojetvā tusitadevatāhi parivuto tusitapure nandanavanaṃ pāvisi. Sabbadevalokesu hi nandanavanaṃ atthiyeva. Tattha naṃ devatā – ‘‘ito cuto sugatiṃ gaccha, ito cuto sugatiṃ gacchā’’ti pubbekatakusalakammokāsaṃ sārayamānā vicaranti. So evaṃ devatāhi kusalaṃ sārayamānāhi parivuto tattha vicarantova cavi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ cuto cavāmīti pajānāti, cuticittaṃ na <a name="P4.0174"></a> jānāti. Paṭisandhiṃ gahetvāpi paṭisandhicittaṃ na jānāti, imasmiṃ me ṭhāne paṭisandhi gahitāti evaṃ pana jānāti. Keci pana therā ‘‘āvajjanapariyāyo nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, dutiyatatiyacittavāreyeva jānissatī’’ti vadanti. Tipiṭakamahāsīvatthero panāha – ‘‘mahāsattānaṃ paṭisandhi na aññesaṃ paṭisandhisadisā, koṭippattaṃ tesaṃ satisampajaññaṃ. Yasmā pana teneva cittena taṃ cittaṃ ñātuṃ na sakkā, tasmā cuticittaṃ na jānāti. Cutikkhaṇepi cavāmīti pajānāti, paṭisandhiṃ gahetvāpi paṭisandhicittaṃ na jānāti, asukasmiṃ ṭhāne paṭisandhi gahitāti pajānāti, tasmiṃ kāle dasasahassī kampatī’’ti. Evaṃ sato sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamanto pana ekūnavīsatiyā paṭisandhicittesu <a name="V4.0128"></a> mettāpubbabhāgassa somanassa-sahagata-ñāṇasampayutta-asaṅkhārika-kusalacittassa sadisamahāvipākacittena paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. Mahāsīvatthero pana ‘‘upekkhāsahagatenā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhanto pana āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ uttarāsāḷhanakkhattena aggahesi. Tadā kira mahāmāyā pure puṇṇamāya sattamadivasato paṭṭhāya vigatasurāpānaṃ mālāgandhavibhūsanasampannaṃ nakkhattakīḷaṃ anubhavamānā sattame divase pāto vuṭṭhāya gandhodakena nhāyitvā sabbālaṅkāravibhūsitā varabhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya sirīgabbhaṃ <a name="P4.0175"></a> pavisitvā sirīsayane nipannā niddaṃ okkamamānā idaṃ supinaṃ addasa – ‘‘cattāro kira naṃ mahārājāno sayaneneva saddhiṃ ukkhipitvā anotattadahaṃ netvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha nesaṃ deviyo āgantvā manussamalaharaṇatthaṃ nhāpetvā dibbavatthaṃ nivāsetvā gandhehi vilimpetvā dibbapupphāni piḷandhitvā tato avidūre rajatapabbato, tassa anto kanakavimānaṃ atthi, tasmiṃ pācīnato <a name="M4.0125"></a> sīsaṃ katvā nipajjāpesuṃ. Atha bodhisatto setavaravāraṇo hutvā tato avidūre eko suvaṇṇapabbato, tattha caritvā tato oruyha rajatapabbataṃ abhiruhitvā uttaradisato āgamma kanakavimānaṃ pavisitvā mātaraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā dakkhiṇapassaṃ phāletvā kucchiṃ paviṭṭhasadiso ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha pabuddhā devī taṃ supinaṃ rañño ārocesi. Rājā pabhātāya rattiyā catusaṭṭhimatte brāhmaṇapāmokkhe pakkosāpetvā haritūpalittāya lājādīhi katamaṅgalasakkārāya bhūmiyā mahārahāni āsanāni paññāpetvā tattha nisinnānaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ sappimadhusakkarābhisaṅkhārassa varapāyāsassa suvaṇṇarajatapātiyo pūretvā suvaṇṇarajatapātītiheva paṭikujjitvā adāsi, aññehi ca ahatavatthakapilagāvīdānādīhi te santappesi. Atha nesaṃ sabbakāmasantappitānaṃ supinaṃ ārocāpetvā – ‘‘kiṃ bhavissatī’’ti pucchi. Brāhmaṇā āhaṃsu – ‘‘mā cintayi mahārāja, deviyā te kucchimhi gabbho patiṭṭhito, so ca kho purisagabbho, na itthigabbho, putto te bhavissati. So sace agāraṃ ajjhāvasissati, rājā bhavissati cakkavattī. Sace agārā nikkhamma pabbajissati, buddho bhavissati <a name="P4.0176"></a> loke vivaṭṭacchado’’ti. Evaṃ sato sampajāno bodhisatto tusitakāyā cavitvā mātukucchiṃ okkamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V4.0129"></a> <span class="bld">sato sampajāno</span>ti iminā catutthāya gabbhāvakkantiyā okkamatīti dasseti. Catasso hi gabbhāvakkantiyo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Catasso imā, bhante, gabbhāvakkantiyo. Idha, bhante, ekacco asampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ paṭhamā gabbhāvakkanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna caparaṃ, bhante, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, asampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ dutiyā gabbhāvakkanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna caparaṃ, bhante, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, asampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ tatiyā gabbhāvakkanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="M4.0126"></a> caparaṃ, bhante, idhekacco sampajāno mātukucchiṃ okkamati, sampajāno mātukucchismiṃ ṭhāti, sampajāno mātukucchimhā nikkhamati, ayaṃ catutthā gabbhāvakkantī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.147).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Etāsu paṭhamā lokiyamanussānaṃ hoti, dutiyā asītimahāsāvakānaṃ, tatiyā dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ paccekabodhisattānañca. Te kira kammajavātehi uddhaṃpādā adhosirā anekasataporise papāte viya yonimukhe tāḷacchiggalena hatthī viya ativiya sambādhena yonimukhena nikkhamamānā anantaṃ dukkhaṃ pāpuṇanti. Tena nesaṃ ‘‘mayaṃ nikkhamāmā’’ti sampajānatā na hoti. Catutthā sabbaññubodhisattānaṃ. Te hi mātukucchismiṃ paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhantāpi jānanti, tattha vasantāpi jānanti. Nikkhamanakālepi <a name="P4.0177"></a> nesaṃ kammajavātā uddhaṃpāde adhosire katvā khipituṃ na sakkonti, dve hatthe pasāretvā akkhīni ummīletvā ṭhitakāva nikkhamanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para201"></a><a name="para201_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">201</span>. <span class="bld">Mātukucchiṃ okkamatī</span>ti ettha mātukucchiṃ okkanto hotīti attho. Okkante <a name="V4.0130"></a> hi tasmiṃ evaṃ hoti, na okkamamāne. <span class="bld">Appamāṇo</span>ti buddhappamāṇo, vipuloti attho. <span class="bld">Uḷāro</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ. <span class="bld">Devānubhāva</span>nti ettha devānaṃ ayamānubhāvo – nivatthavatthassa pabhā dvādasa yojanāni pharati, tathā sarīrassa, tathā alaṅkārassa, tathā vimānassa, taṃ atikkamitvāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Lokantarikā</span>ti tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ cakkavāḷānaṃ antarā ekeko lokantarikā hoti, tiṇṇaṃ sakaṭacakkānaṃ pattānaṃ vā aññamaññaṃ āhacca ṭhapitānaṃ majjhe okāso viya. So pana lokantarikanirayo parimāṇato aṭṭhayojanasahasso hoti. <span class="bld">Aghā</span>ti niccavivaṭā. <span class="bld">Asaṃvutā</span>ti heṭṭhāpi appatiṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Andhakārā</span>ti tamabhūtā. <span class="bld">Andhakāratimisā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇuppattinivāraṇato andhabhāvakaraṇatimisena samannāgatā. Tattha kira cakkhuviññāṇaṃ na jāyati. <span class="bld">Evaṃmahiddhikā</span>ti candimasūriyā kira ekappahāreneva tīsu dīpesu paññāyanti, evaṃmahiddhikā. Ekekāya disāya navanavayojanasatasahassāni andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokaṃ dassenti, evaṃ mahānubhāvā. <span class="bld">Ābhāya</span> <a name="P4.0178"></a> <span class="bld">nānubhontī</span>ti attano <a name="M4.0127"></a> pabhāya nappahonti. Te kira cakkavāḷapabbatassa vemajjhena caranti, cakkavāḷapabbatañca atikkamma lokantarikanirayo, tasmā te tattha ābhāya nappahonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yepi tattha sattā</span>ti yepi tasmiṃ lokantaramahāniraye sattā upapannā. Kiṃ pana kammaṃ katvā te tattha uppajjantīti? Bhāriyaṃ dāruṇaṃ mātāpitūnaṃ dhammikasamaṇabrāhmaṇānañca upari aparādhaṃ aññañca divase divase pāṇavadhādisāhasikakammaṃ katvā uppajjanti tambapaṇṇidīpe abhayacoranāgacorādayo viya. Tesaṃ attabhāvo tigāvutiko hoti, vaggulīnaṃ viya dīghanakhā honti. Te rukkhe vagguliyo viya nakhehi cakkavāḷapāde lagganti. Yadā pana saṃsappantā aññamaññassa hatthapāsaṃ gatā honti, atha ‘‘bhakkho no laddho’’ti maññamānā tattha vāvaṭā viparivattitvā lokasandhārakaudake patanti. Vāte paharante madhukaphalāni viya chijjitvā udake patanti. Patitamattā ca accantakhāre udake piṭṭhapiṇḍi viya vilīyanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññepi kira bho santi sattā</span>ti – ‘‘yathā mayaṃ mahādukkhaṃ anubhavāma, evaṃ aññepi kira sattā idaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavantā idhūpapannā’’ti taṃ divasaṃ passanti. Ayaṃ pana obhāso ekayāgupānamattampi <a name="V4.0131"></a> na tiṭṭhati, yāvatā niddāyitvā pabuddho ārammaṇaṃ vibhāveti, tattakaṃ kālaṃ hoti. Dīghabhāṇakā pana ‘‘accharāsaṅghāṭamattameva vijjubhāso viya niccharitvā kiṃ idanti bhaṇantānaṃyeva antaradhāyatī’’ti vadanti. <span class="bld">Saṅkampatī</span>ti <a name="P4.0179"></a> samantato kampati. Itaradvayaṃ purimapasseva vevacanaṃ. Puna <span class="bld">appamāṇo cā</span>tiādi nigamanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para202"></a><a name="para202_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">202</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāro devaputtā catuddisaṃ ārakkhāya upagacchantī</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">cattāro</span>ti catunnaṃ mahārājūnaṃ vasena vuttaṃ, dasasahassacakkavāḷe pana cattāro cattāro katvā cattālīsadasasahassā honti. Tattha imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe mahārājāno khaggahatthā āgantvā bodhisattassa ārakkhaṇatthāya upagantvā sirīgabbhaṃ paviṭṭhā, itare gabbhadvārato paṭṭhāya avaruddhapaṃsupisācakādiyakkhagaṇe <a name="M4.0128"></a> paṭikkamāpetvā yāva cakkavāḷā ārakkhaṃ gaṇhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kimatthaṃ panāyaṃ rakkhā āgatā? Nanu paṭisandhikkhaṇe kalalakālato paṭṭhāya sacepi koṭisatasahassā mārā koṭisatasahassaṃ sineruṃ ukkhipitvā bodhisattassa vā bodhisattamātuyā vā antarāyakaraṇatthaṃ āgaccheyyuṃ, sabbe antarāva antaradhāyeyyuṃ. Vuttampi cetaṃ bhagavatā ruhiruppādavatthusmiṃ – ‘‘aṭṭhānametaṃ, bhikkhave, anavakāso, yaṃ parūpakkamena tathāgataṃ jīvitā voropeyya. Anupakkamena, bhikkhave, tathāgatā parinibbāyanti. Gacchatha tumhe, bhikkhave, yathāvihāraṃ, arakkhiyā, bhikkhave, tathāgatā’’ti (cūḷava. 341). Evametaṃ, na parūpakkamena tesaṃ jīvitantarāyo atthi. Santi kho pana amanussā virūpā duddasikā, bheravarupā pakkhino, yesaṃ rūpaṃ disvā saddaṃ vā sutvā bodhisattamātu bhayaṃ vā santāso vā uppajjeyya, tesaṃ nivāraṇatthāya <a name="P4.0180"></a> rakkhaṃ aggahesuṃ. Apica kho bodhisattassa puññatejena sañjātagāravā attano gāravacoditāpi te evamakaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana te antogabbhaṃ pavisitvā ṭhitā cattāro mahārājāno bodhisattamātuyā attānaṃ dassenti na dassentīti? Nahānamaṇḍanabhojanādisarīrakiccakāle na dassenti, sirīgabbhaṃ pavisitvā varasayane nipannakāle pana dassenti. Tattha kiñcāpi amanussadassanaṃ nāma manussānaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ hoti, bodhisattamātā pana attano ceva puttassa ca puññānubhāvena te disvā na bhāyati, pakatiantepurapālakesu viya assā tesu cittaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para203"></a><a name="para203_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">203</span>. <span class="bld">Pakatiyā</span> <a name="V4.0132"></a> <span class="bld">sīlavatī</span>ti sabhāveneva sīlasampannā. Anuppanne kira buddhe manussā tāpasaparibbājakānaṃ santike vanditvā ukkuṭikaṃ nisīditvā sīlaṃ gaṇhanti, bodhisattamātāpi kāladevilassa isino santike gaṇhāti. Bodhisatte pana kucchigate aññassa pādamūle nisīdituṃ nāma na sakkā, samāsane nisīditvā gahitasīlampi avaññā kāraṇamattaṃ hoti. Tasmā sayameva sīlaṃ aggahesīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purisesū</span>ti <a name="M4.0129"></a> bodhisattassa pitaraṃ ādiṃ katvā kesuci manussesu purisādhippāyacittaṃ nuppajjati. Tañca kho bodhisatte gāravena, na pahīnakilesatāya. Bodhisattamātu rūpaṃ pana sukusalāpi sippikā potthakammādīsupi kātuṃ na sakkonti, taṃ disvā purisassa rāgo nuppajjatīti na sakkā vattuṃ. Sace pana taṃ rattacitto upasaṅkamitukāmo hoti, pādā na vahanti, dibbasaṅkhalikā viya bajjhanti. Tasmā ‘‘anatikkamanīyā’’tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇāna</span>nti pubbe ‘‘kāmaguṇūpasaṃhita’’nti <a name="P4.0181"></a> purisādhippāyavasena vatthupaṭikkhepo kathito, idha ārammaṇappaṭilābho dassito. Tadā kira ‘‘deviyā evarūpo putto kucchismiṃ uppanno’’ti, sutvā samantato rājāno mahagghaābharaṇatūriyādivasena pañcadvārārammaṇavatthubhūtaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ pesenti, bodhisattassa ca bodhisattamātuyā ca katakammassa ussannattā lābhasakkārassa pamāṇaparicchedo nāma natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para204"></a><a name="para204_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">204</span>. <span class="bld">Akilantakāyā</span>ti yathā aññā itthiyo gabbhabhārena kilamanti, hatthapādā uddhumātakādīni pāpuṇanti, na evaṃ tassā koci kilamatho ahosi. <span class="bld">Tirokucchigata</span>nti antokucchigataṃ. Kalalādikālaṃ atikkamitvā sañjātaaṅgapaccaṅgaṃ ahīnindriyabhāvaṃ upagataṃyeva passati. Kimatthaṃ passati? Sukhavāsatthaṃ. Yatheva hi mātā puttena saddhiṃ nisinnā vā nipannā vā ‘‘hatthaṃ vā pādaṃ vā olambantaṃ ukkhipitvā saṇṭhapessāmī’’ti sukhavāsatthaṃ puttaṃ oloketi, evaṃ bodhisattamātāpi yaṃ taṃ mātu uṭṭhānagamanaparivattananisajjādīsu uṇhasītaloṇikatittakakaṭukāhāraajjhoharaṇakālesu ca gabbhassa dukkhaṃ uppajjati, atthi nu kho me taṃ puttassāti sukhavāsatthaṃ bodhisattaṃ olokayamānā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinnaṃ bodhisattaṃ passati. Yathā hi aññe antokucchigatā pakkāsayaṃ ajjhottharitvā āmāsayaṃ ukkhipitvā <a name="V4.0133"></a> udarapaṭalaṃ piṭṭhito katvā piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ nissāya ukkuṭikā dvīsu muṭṭhīsu hanukaṃ ṭhapetvā deve vassante rukkhasusire makkaṭā viya nisīdanti, na evaṃ bodhisatto. Bodhisatto pana piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṃ piṭṭhito katvā dhammāsane dhammakathiko viya pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā puratthābhimukho nisīdati. Pubbe katakammaṃ panassā vatthuṃ sodheti, suddhe vatthumhi sukhumacchavilakkhaṇaṃ nibbattati<a name="M4.0130"></a>. Atha naṃ kucchigataṃ taco paṭicchādetuṃ na sakkoti, olokentiyā bahi ṭhito viya paññāyati. Tamatthaṃ upamāya vibhāvento <span class="bld">seyyathāpī</span>tiādimāha. Bodhisatto pana antokucchigato mātaraṃ na passati. Na hi antokucchiyaṃ cakkhuviññāṇaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para205"></a><a name="para205_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">205</span>. <span class="bld">Kālaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0182"></a> <span class="bld">karotīti na vijātabhāvapaccayā, āyuparikkhayeneva. Bodhisattena vasitaṭṭhānañhi cetiyakuṭisadisaṃ hoti aññesaṃ</span> aparibhogaṃ, na ca sakkā bodhisattamātaraṃ apanetvā aññaṃ aggamahesiṭṭhāne ṭhapetunti tattakaṃyeva bodhisattamātu āyuppamāṇaṃ hoti, tasmā tadā kālaṃ karoti. Katarasmiṃ pana vaye kālaṃ karotīti? Majjhimavaye. Paṭhamavayasmiñhi sattānaṃ attabhāve chandarāgo balavā hoti, tena tadā sañjātagabbhā itthī taṃ gabbhaṃ anurakkhituṃ na sakkonti, gabbho bahvābādho hoti. Majjhimavayassa pana dve koṭṭhāse atikkamma tatiyakoṭṭhāse vatthuṃ visadaṃ hoti, visade vatthumhi nibbattā dārakā arogā honti. Tasmā bodhisattamātāpi paṭhamavaye sampattiṃ anubhavitvā majjhimavayassa tatiyakoṭṭhāse vijāyitvā kālaṃ karoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nava vā dasa vā</span>ti ettha vā-saddena vikappanavasena satta vā aṭṭha vā ekādasa vā dvādasa vāti evamādīnampi saṅgaho veditabbo. Tattha sattamāsajāto jīvati, sītuṇhakkhamo pana na hoti. Aṭṭhamāsajāto na jīvati, sesā jīvanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ṭhitāvā</span>ti ṭhitāva hutvā. Mahāmāyāpi devī upavijaññā ñātikulagharaṃ gamissāmīti rañño ārocesi. Rājā kapilavatthuto devadahanagaragāmimaggaṃ alaṅkārāpetvā deviṃ suvaṇṇasivikāya nisīdāpesi. Sakalanagaravāsino sakyā parivāretvā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamānā deviṃ gahetvā pāyiṃsu. Sā devadahanagarassa avidūre lumbinisālavanuyyānaṃ disvā uyyānavicaraṇatthāya cittaṃ uppādetvā rañño saññaṃ adāsi. Rājā uyyānaṃ paṭijaggāpetvā ārakkhaṃ <a name="V4.0134"></a> saṃvidahāpesi. Deviyā uyyānaṃ paviṭṭhamattāya kāyadubbalyaṃ <a name="P4.0183"></a> ahosi, athassā maṅgalasālamūle sirīsayanaṃ paññāpetvā sāṇiyā parikkhipiṃsu. Sā <a name="M4.0131"></a> antosāṇiṃ pavisitvā sālasākhaṃ hatthena gahetvā aṭṭhāsi. Athassā tāvadeva gabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Devā naṃ paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhantī</span>ti khīṇāsavā suddhāvāsabrahmāno paṭiggaṇhanti. Kathaṃ? Sūtivesaṃ gaṇhitvāti eke. Taṃ pana paṭikkhipitvā idaṃ vuttaṃ – tadā bodhisattamātā suvaṇṇakhacitaṃ vatthaṃ nivāsetvā macchakkhisadisaṃ dukūlapaṭaṃ yāva pādantāva pārupitvā aṭṭhāsi. Athassā sallahukaṃ gabbhavuṭṭhānaṃ ahosi dhammakaraṇato udakanikkhamanasadisaṃ. Atha te pakatibrahmaveseneva upasaṅkamitvā paṭhamaṃ suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggahesuṃ. Tesaṃ hatthato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena paṭiggahesuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘devā naṃ paṭhamaṃ paṭiggaṇhanti pacchā manussā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para206"></a><a name="para206_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">206</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāro naṃ devaputtā</span>ti cattāro mahārājāno. <span class="bld">Paṭiggahetvā</span>ti ajinappaveṇiyā paṭiggahetvā. <span class="bld">Mahesakkho</span>ti mahātejo mahāyaso lakkhaṇasampannoti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Visadova nikkhamatī</span>ti yathā aññe sattā yonimagge laggantā bhaggavibhaggā nikkhamanti, na evaṃ nikkhamati, alaggo hutvā nikkhamatīti attho. <span class="bld">Udenā</span>ti udakena. <span class="bld">Kenaci asucinā</span>ti yathā aññe sattā kammajavātehi uddhaṃpādā adhosirā yonimagge pakkhittā sataporisanarakapapātaṃ patantā viya tāḷacchiddena nikkaḍḍhiyamānā hatthī viya mahādukkhaṃ anubhavantā nānāasucimakkhitāva <a name="P4.0184"></a> nikkhamanti, na evaṃ bodhisatto. Bodhisattañhi kammajavātā uddhaṃpādaṃ adhosiraṃ kātuṃ na sakkonti. So dhammāsanato otaranto dhammakathiko viya nisseṇito otaranto puriso viya ca dve hatthe ca pāde ca pasāretvā ṭhitakova mātukucchisambhavena kenaci asucinā amakkhitova nikkhamati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Udakassa dhārā</span>ti udakavaṭṭiyo. Tāsu sītā suvaṇṇakaṭāhe patati, uṇhā rajatakaṭāhe. Idañca pathavītale kenaci asucinā asammissaṃ tesaṃ pānīyaparibhojanīyaudakañceva aññehi asādhāraṇaṃ <a name="V4.0135"></a> kīḷanaudakañca dassetuṃ vuttaṃ. Aññassa pana suvaṇṇarajataghaṭehi āhariyamānaudakassa ceva haṃsavaṭṭakādipokkharaṇigatassa ca udakassa paricchedo natthi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para207"></a><a name="para207_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">207</span>. <span class="bld">Sampatijāto</span>ti <a name="M4.0132"></a> muhuttajāto. Pāḷiyaṃ pana mātukucchito nikkhantamatto viya dassito, na pana evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Nikkhantamattañhi taṃ paṭhamaṃ brahmāno suvaṇṇajālena paṭiggaṇhiṃsu, tesaṃ hatthato cattāro mahārājāno maṅgalasammatāya sukhasamphassāya ajinappaveṇiyā, tesaṃ hatthato manussā dukūlacumbaṭakena, manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Setamhi chatte anudhāriyamāne</span>ti dibbasetacchatte anudhāriyamāne. Ettha ca chattassa parivārāni khaggādīni <a name="P4.0185"></a> pañca rājakakudhabhaṇḍānipi āgatāneva. Pāḷiyaṃ pana rājagamane rājā viya chattameva vuttaṃ. Tesu chattameva paññāyati, na chattaggāhakā. Tathā khagga-tālavaṇṭa-morahatthaka-vāḷabījani-uṇhīsamattāyeva paññāyanti, na tesaṃ gāhakā. Sabbāni kira tāni adissamānarūpā devatā gaṇhiṃsu. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Anekasākhañca sahassamaṇḍalaṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Chattaṃ marū dhārayumantalikkhe;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Suvaṇṇadaṇḍā vipatanti cāmarā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Na dissare cāmarachattagāhakā’’ti. (su. ni. 693);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sabbā ca disā</span>ti idaṃ sattapadavītihārūpari ṭhitassa viya sabbadisānuvilokanaṃ vuttaṃ, na kho panevaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Mahāsatto hi manussānaṃ hatthato muccitvā puratthimadisaṃ olokesi, anekacakkavāḷasahassāni ekaṅgaṇāni ahesuṃ. Tattha devamanussā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamānā – ‘‘mahāpurisa idha tumhehi sadisopi natthi, kuto uttaritaro’’ti āhaṃsu. Evaṃ catasso disā, catasso anudisā, heṭṭhā, uparīti dasapi disā anuviloketvā attanā sadisaṃ adisvā ayaṃ uttarā disāti sattapadavītihārena agamāsīti evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Āsabhi</span>nti uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Aggo</span>ti <a name="V4.0136"></a> guṇehi sabbapaṭhamo. Itarāni dve padāni etasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo</span>ti padadvayena imasmiṃ attabhāve pattabbaṃ arahattaṃ byākāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="M4.0133"></a> ca samehi pādehi pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhānaṃ catuiddhipādapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, uttarābhimukhabhāvo mahājanaṃ ajjhottharitvā abhibhavitvā gamanassa pubbanimittaṃ<a name="P4.0186"></a>, sattapadagamanaṃ sattabojjhaṅgaratanapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, dibbasetacchattadhāraṇaṃ vimutticchattapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, pañcarājakakudhabhaṇḍāni pañcahi vimuttīhi vimuccanassa pubbanimittaṃ, disānuvilokanaṃ anāvaraṇañāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, āsabhīvācābhāsanaṃ appaṭivattiyadhammacakkappavattanassa pubbanimittaṃ. ‘‘Ayamantimā jātī’’ti sīhanādo anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbānassa pubbanimittanti veditabbaṃ. Ime vārā pāḷiyaṃ āgatā, sambahulavāro pana āgato, āharitvā dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Mahāpurisassa hi jātadivase dasasahassilokadhātu kampi. Dasasahassilokadhātumhi devatā ekacakkavāḷe sannipatiṃsu. Paṭhamaṃ devā paṭiggahiṃsu, pacchā manussā. Tantibaddhā vīṇā cammabaddhā bheriyo ca kenaci avāditā sayameva vajjiṃsu, manussānaṃ andubandhanādīni khaṇḍākhaṇḍaṃ bhijjiṃsu. Sabbarogā ambilena dhotatambamalaṃ viya vigacchiṃsu, jaccandhā rūpāni passiṃsu. Jaccabadhirā saddaṃ suṇiṃsu, pīṭhasappī javanasampannā ahesuṃ, jātijaḷānampi eḷamūgānaṃ sati patiṭṭhāsi, videse pakkhandanāvā supaṭṭanaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu, ākāsaṭṭhakabhūmaṭṭhakaratanāni sakatejobhāsitāni ahesuṃ, verino mettacittaṃ paṭilabhiṃsu, avīcimhi aggi nibbāyi. Lokantare āloko udapādi, nadīsu jalaṃ na pavatti, mahāsamuddesu madhurasadisaṃ udakaṃ ahosi, vāto na vāyi, ākāsapabbatarukkhagatā sakuṇā bhassitvā pathavīgatā <a name="P4.0187"></a> ahesuṃ, cando atiroci, sūriyo na uṇho na sītalo nimmalo utusampanno ahosi, devatā attano attano vimānadvāre ṭhatvā apphoṭanaseḷanacelukkhepādīhi mahākīḷaṃ kīḷiṃsu, cātuddīpikamahāmegho vassi, mahājanaṃ neva khudā na pipāsā pīḷesi, dvārakavāṭāni sayameva vivariṃsu, pupphūpagaphalūpagā rukkhā pupphaphalāni gaṇhiṃsu, dasasahassilokadhātu ekaddhajamālā ahosīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāpissa <a name="V4.0137"></a> dasasahassilokadhātukampo sabbaññutañāṇapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, devatānaṃ ekacakkavāḷe sannipāto dhammacakkappavattanakāle ekappahārena sannipatitvā dhammapaṭiggaṇhanassa pubbanimittaṃ, paṭhamaṃ devatānaṃ <a name="M4.0134"></a> paṭiggahaṇaṃ catunnaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ paṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ. Pacchā manussānaṃ paṭiggahaṇaṃ catunnaṃ arūpajjhānānaṃ paṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, tantibaddhavīṇānaṃ sayaṃ vajjanaṃ anupubbavihārapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, cammabaddhabherīnaṃ vajjanaṃ mahatiyā dhammabheriyā anussāvanassa pubbanimittaṃ, andubandhanādīnaṃ chedo asmimānasamucchedassa pubbanimittaṃ, sabbarogavigamo sabbakilesavigamassa pubbanimittaṃ, jaccandhānaṃ rūpadassanaṃ dibbacakkhupaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, jaccabadhirānaṃ saddassavanaṃ dibbasotadhātupaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ<a name="P4.0188"></a>, pīṭhasappīnaṃ javanasampadā catuiddhipādādhigamassa pubbanimittaṃ, jaḷānaṃ satipatiṭṭhānaṃ catusatipaṭṭhānapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, videsapakkhandanāvānaṃ supaṭṭanasampāpuṇanaṃ catupaṭisambhidādhigamassa pubbanimittaṃ, ratanānaṃ sakatejobhāsitattaṃ yaṃ lokassa dhammobhāsaṃ dassessati tassa pubbanimittaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Verīnaṃ mettacittapaṭilābho catubrahmavihārapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, avīcimhi agginibbānaṃ ekādasaagginibbānassa pubbanimittaṃ, lokantarāloko avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ñāṇālokadassanassa pubbanimittaṃ, mahāsamuddassa madhuratā nibbānarasena ekarasabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ, vātassa avāyanaṃ dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhigatabhindanassa pubbanimittaṃ, sakuṇānaṃ pathavīgamanaṃ mahājanassa ovādaṃ sutvā pāṇehi saraṇagamanassa pubbanimittaṃ, candassa ativirocanaṃ bahujanakantatāya pubbanimittaṃ, sūriyassa uṇhasītavivajjanautusukhatā kāyikacetasikasukhuppattiyā pubbanimittaṃ, devatānaṃ vimānadvāresu apphoṭanādīhi kīḷanaṃ buddhabhāvaṃ patvā udānaṃ udānassa pubbanimittaṃ, cātuddīpikamahāmeghavassanaṃ mahato dhammameghavassanassa pubbanimittaṃ, khudāpīḷanassa abhāvo kāyagatāsatiamatapaṭilābhassa pubbanimittaṃ, pipāsāpīḷanassa abhāvo vimuttisukhena sukhitabhāvassa pubbanimittaṃ, dvārakavāṭānaṃ sayameva vivaraṇaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggadvāravivaraṇassa pubbanimittaṃ, rukkhānaṃ pupphaphalagahaṇaṃ vimuttipupphehi pupphitassa ca sāmaññaphalabhārabharitabhāvassa ca pubbanimittaṃ, dasasahassilokadhātuyā <a name="P4.0189"></a> ekaddhajamālatā ariyaddhajamālāmālitāya pubbanimittanti veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ sambahulavāro nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha <a name="V4.0138"></a> pañhe pucchanti – ‘‘yadā mahāpuriso pathaviyaṃ patiṭṭhahitvā uttarābhimukho gantvā āsabhiṃ vācaṃ bhāsati, tadā kiṃ pathaviyā gato<a name="M4.0135"></a>, udāhu ākāsena? Dissamāno gato, udāhu adissamāno? Acelako gato, udāhu alaṅkatappaṭiyatto? Daharo hutvā gato, udāhu mahallako? Pacchāpi kiṃ tādisova ahosi, udāhu puna bāladārako’’ti? Ayaṃ pana pañho heṭṭhā lohapāsāde saṅghasannipāte tipiṭakacūḷābhayattherena vissajjitova. Thero kirettha niyati pubbekatakamma-issaranimmānavādavasena taṃ taṃ bahuṃ vatvā avasāne evaṃ byākāsi – ‘‘mahāpuriso pathaviyaṃ gato, mahājanassa pana ākāse gacchanto viya ahosi. Dissamāno gato, mahājanassa pana adissamāno viya ahosi. Acelako gato, mahājanassa pana alaṅkatappaṭiyattova upaṭṭhāsi. Daharova gato, mahājanassa pana soḷasavassuddesiko viya ahosi. Pacchā pana bāladārakova ahosi, na tādiso’’ti. Evaṃ vutte parisā cassa ‘‘buddhena viya hutvā bho therena pañho kathito’’ti attamanā ahosi. Lokantarikavāro vuttanayo eva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Viditā</span>ti pākaṭā hutvā. Yathā hi sāvakā nahānamukhadhovanakhādanapivanādikāle anokāsagate atītasaṅkhāre <a name="P4.0190"></a> nippadese sammasituṃ na sakkonti, okāsapattayeva sammasanti, na evaṃ buddhā. Buddhā hi sattadivasabbhantare vavatthitasaṅkhāre ādito paṭṭhāya sammasitvā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvāva vissajjenti, tesaṃ avipassitadhammo nāma natthi, tasmā ‘‘viditā’’ti āha. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Acchariyaabbhutasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Bākulasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para209"></a><a name="para209_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">209</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0139"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bākulasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bākulo</span>ti yathā dvāvīsati dvattiṃsātiādimhi vattabbe bāvīsati bāttiṃsātiādīni vuccanti, evameva dvikuloti vattabbe bākuloti vuttaṃ. Tassa hi therassa dve kulāni ahesuṃ. So kira devaloko cavitvā kosambinagare nāma <a name="M4.0136"></a> mahāseṭṭhikule nibbatto, tamenaṃ pañcame divase sīsaṃ nhāpetvā gaṅgākīḷaṃ akaṃsu. Dhātiyā dārakaṃ udake nimujjanummujjanavasena kīḷāpentiyā eko maccho dārakaṃ disvā ‘‘bhakkho me aya’’nti maññamāno mukhaṃ vivaritvā upagato. Dhātī dārakaṃ <a name="P4.0191"></a> chaḍḍetvā palātā. Maccho taṃ gili. Puññavā satto dukkhaṃ na pāpuṇi, sayanagabbhaṃ pavisitvā nipanno viya ahosi. Maccho dārakassa tejena tattakapallaṃ gilitvā dayhamāno viya vegena tiṃsayojanamaggaṃ gantvā bārāṇasinagaravāsino macchabandhassa jālaṃ pāvisi, mahāmacchā nāma jālabaddhā pahariyamānā maranti. Ayaṃ pana dārakassa tejena jālato nīhaṭamattova mato. Macchabandhā ca mahantaṃ macchaṃ labhitvā phāletvā vikkiṇanti. Taṃ pana dārakassa ānubhāvena aphāletvā sakalameva kājena haritvā sahassena demāti vadantā nagare vicariṃsu. Koci na gaṇhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmiṃ pana nagare aputtakaṃ asītikoṭivibhavaṃ seṭṭhikulaṃ atthi, tassa dvāramūlaṃ patvā ‘‘kiṃ gahetvā dethā’’ti vuttā kahāpaṇanti āhaṃsu. Tehi kahāpaṇaṃ datvā gahito. Seṭṭhibhariyāpi aññesu divasesu macche na kelāyati, taṃ divasaṃ pana macchaṃ phalake ṭhapetvā sayameva phālesi. Macchañca nāma kucchito phālenti, sā pana piṭṭhito phālentī macchakucchiyaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ dārakaṃ disvā – ‘‘macchakucchiyaṃ me putto laddho’’ti nādaṃ naditvā dārakaṃ ādāya sāmikassa santikaṃ agamāsi. Seṭṭhi tāvadeva bheriṃ carāpetvā dārakaṃ ādāya rañño santikaṃ gantvā – ‘‘macchakucchiyaṃ me deva dārako laddho, kiṃ karomī’’ti āha. Puññavā esa, yo macchakucchiyaṃ arogo vasi, posehi nanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Assosi <a name="V4.0140"></a> kho itaraṃ kulaṃ – ‘‘bārāṇasiyaṃ kira ekaṃ seṭṭhikulaṃ macchakucchiyaṃ dārakaṃ labhatī’’ti, te tattha agamaṃsu. Athassa mātā dārakaṃ alaṅkaritvā kīḷāpiyamānaṃ disvāva ‘‘manāpo vatāyaṃ <a name="P4.0192"></a> dārako’’ti gantvā pavatiṃ ācikkhi. Itarā mayhaṃ puttotiādimāha. Kahaṃ te laddhoti? Macchakucchiyanti. No tuyhaṃ putto, mayhaṃ puttoti. Kahaṃ te laddhoti? Mayā dasamāse kucchiyā dhārito, atha naṃ nadiyā kīḷāpiyamānaṃ <a name="M4.0137"></a> maccho gilīti. Tuyhaṃ putto aññena macchena gilito bhavissati, ayaṃ pana mayā macchakucchiyaṃ laddhoti, ubhopi rājakulaṃ agamaṃsu. Rājā āha – ‘‘ayaṃ dasa māse kucchiyā dhāritattā amātā kātuṃ na sakkā, macchaṃ gaṇhantāpi vakkayakanādīni bahi katvā gaṇhantā nāma natthīti macchakucchiyaṃ laddhattā ayampi amātā kātuṃ na sakkā, dārako ubhinnampi kulānaṃ dāyādo hotu, ubhopi naṃ jaggathā’’ti ubhopi jaggiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Viññutaṃ pattassa dvīsupi nagaresu pāsādaṃ kāretvā nāṭakāni paccupaṭṭhāpesuṃ. Ekekasmiṃ nagare cattāro cattāro māse vasati, ekasmiṃ nagare cattāro māse vuṭṭhassa saṅghāṭanāvāya maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā tattha naṃ saddhiṃ nāṭakāhi āropenti. So sampattiṃ anubhavamāno itaraṃ nagaraṃ gacchati. Taṃnagaravāsino nāṭakāni upaḍḍhamaggaṃ agamaṃsu. Te paccuggantvā taṃ parivāretvā attano pāsādaṃ nayanti. Itarāni nāṭakāni nivattitvā attano nagarameva gacchanti. Tattha cattāro māse vasitvā teneva niyāmena puna itaraṃ nagaraṃ gacchati. Evamassa sampattiṃ anubhavantassa asīti vassāni paripuṇṇāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bhagavā cārikaṃ caramāno bārāṇasiṃ patto. So bhagavato santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajito. Pabbajitvā sattāhameva puthujjano ahosi, aṭṭhame pana so <a name="P4.0193"></a> saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti evamassa dve kulāni ahesuṃ. Tasmā <span class="bld">bākulo</span>ti saṅkhaṃ agamāsīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Purāṇagihisahāyo</span>ti pubbe gihikāle sahāyo. Ayampi dīghāyukova theraṃ pabbajitaṃ passituṃ gacchanto asītime vasse gato. <span class="bld">Methuno dhammo</span>ti bālo naggasamaṇako bālapucchaṃ pucchati, na sāsanavacanaṃ, idāni therena dinnanaye ṭhito <span class="bld">imehi pana te</span>ti pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para210"></a><a name="para210_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">210</span>. <span class="bld">Yaṃpāyasmā</span>tiādīni <a name="V4.0141"></a> padāni sabbavāresu dhammasaṅgāhakattherehi niyametvā ṭhapitāni. Tattha saññā uppannamattāva, vitakko kammapathabhedakoti<a name="M4.0138"></a>. Thero panāha – ‘‘kasmā visuṃ karotha, ubhayampetaṃ kammapathabhedakamevā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para211"></a><a name="para211_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">211</span>. <span class="bld">Gahapaticīvara</span>nti vassāvāsikaṃ cīvaraṃ. <span class="bld">Satthenā</span>ti pipphalakena. <span class="bld">Sūciyā</span>ti sūciṃ gahetvā sibbitabhāvaṃ na sarāmīti attho. <span class="bld">Kathine cīvara</span>nti kathinacīvaraṃ, kathinacīvarampi hi vassāvāsikagatikameva. Tasmā tattha ‘‘sibbitā nābhijānāmī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettakaṃ panassa kālaṃ gahapaticīvaraṃ asādiyantassa chindanasibbanādīni akarontassa kuto cīvaraṃ uppajjatīti. Dvīhi nagarehi. Thero hi mahāyasassī, tassa puttadhītaro nattapanattakā sukhumasāṭakehi cīvarāni kāretvā rajāpetvā samugge pakkhipitvā pahiṇanti. Therassa nhānakāle nhānakoṭṭhake ṭhapenti. Thero tāni nivāseti ceva pārupati ca, purāṇacīvarāni <a name="P4.0194"></a> sampattapabbajitānaṃ deti. Thero tāni nivāsetvā ca pārupitvā ca navakammaṃ na karoti, kiñci āyūhanakammaṃ natthi. Phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā appetvā nisīdati. Catūsu māsesu pattesu lomakiliṭṭhāni honti, athassa puna teneva niyāmena pahiṇitvā denti. Aḍḍhamāse aḍḍhamāse parivattatītipi vadantiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Anacchariyañcetaṃ therassa mahāpuññassa mahābhiññassa satasahassakappe pūritapāramissa, asokadhammarañño kulūpako nigrodhatthero divasassa nikkhattuṃ cīvaraṃ parivattesi. Tassa hi ticīvaraṃ hatthikkhandhe ṭhapetvā pañcahi ca gandhasamuggasatehi pañcahi ca mālāsamuggasatehi saddhiṃ pātova āhariyittha, tathā divā ceva sāyañca. Rājā kira divasassa nikkhattuṃ sāṭake parivattento ‘‘therassa cīvaraṃ nīta’’nti pucchitvā ‘‘āma nīta’’nti sutvāva parivattesi. Theropi na bhaṇḍikaṃ bandhitvā ṭhapesi, sampattasabrahmacārīnaṃ adāsi. Tadā kira jambudīpe bhikkhusaṅghassa yebhuyyena nigrodhasseva santakaṃ cīvaraṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aho vata maṃ koci nimanteyyā</span>ti kiṃ pana cittassa anuppādanaṃ bhāriyaṃ, uppannassa pahānanti. Cittaṃ nāma lahukaparivattaṃ, tasmā anuppādanaṃ bhāriyaṃ<a name="M4.0139"></a>, uppannassa pahānampi bhāriyameva<a name="V4.0142"></a>. <span class="bld">Antaraghare</span>ti mahāsakuludāyisutte (ma. ni. 2.237) indakhīlato paṭṭhāya <a name="P4.0195"></a> antaragharaṃ nāma idha nimbodakapatanaṭṭhānaṃ adhippetaṃ. Kuto panassa bhikkhā uppajjitthāti. Thero dvīsu nagaresu abhiññāto, gehadvāraṃ āgatassevassa pattaṃ gahetvā nānārasabhojanassa pūretvā denti. So laddhaṭṭhānato nivattati, bhattakiccakaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ panassa nibaddhameva ahosi. <span class="bld">Anubyañjanaso</span>ti therena kira rūpe nimittaṃ gahetvā mātugāmo na olokitapubbo. <span class="bld">Mātugāmassa dhamma</span>nti mātugāmassa chappañcavācāhi dhammaṃ desetuṃ vaṭṭati, pañhaṃ puṭṭhena gāthāsahassampi vattuṃ vaṭṭatiyeva. Thero pana kappiyameva na akāsi. Yebhuyyena hi kulūpakatherānametaṃ kammaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Bhikkhunupassaya</span>nti bhikkhuniupassayaṃ. Taṃ pana gilānapucchakena gantuṃ vaṭṭati, thero pana kappiyameva na akāsi. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Cuṇṇenā</span>ti kosambacuṇṇādinā. <span class="bld">Gattaparikamme</span>ti sarīrasambāhanakamme. <span class="bld">Vicāritā</span>ti payojayitā. <span class="bld">Gaddūhanamatta</span>nti gāviṃ thane gahetvā ekaṃ khīrabinduṃ dūhanakālamattampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kena pana kāraṇena thero nirābādho ahosi. Padumuttare kira bhagavati satasahassabhikkhuparivāre <a name="P4.0196"></a> cārikaṃ caramāne himavati visarukkhā pupphiṃsu. Bhikkhusatasahassānampi tiṇapupphakarogo uppajjati. Thero tasmiṃ samaye iddhimā tāpaso hoti, so ākāsena gacchanto bhikkhusaṅghaṃ disvā otaritvā rogaṃ pucchitvā himavantato osadhaṃ āharitvā adāsi. Upasiṅghanamatteneva rogo vūpasami. Kassapasammāsambuddhakālepi paṭhamavappadivase vappaṃ ṭhapetvā bhikkhusaṅghassa paribhogaṃ aggisālañceva vaccakuṭiñca kāretvā bhikkhusaṅghassa bhesajjavattaṃ nibandhi, iminā kammena nirābādho ahosi. Ukkaṭṭhanesajjiko panesa ukkaṭṭhāraññako ca tasmā ‘‘nābhijānāmi apassenakaṃ apassayitā’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Saraṇo</span>ti sakileso. <span class="bld">Aññā udapādī</span>ti anupasampannassa aññaṃ byākātuṃ na vaṭṭati. Thero kasmā byākāsi? Na thero ahaṃ arahāti āha, aññā udapādīti panāha. Apica thero arahāti pākaṭo, tasmā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para212"></a><a name="para212_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">212</span>. <span class="bld">Pabbajja</span>nti <a name="M4.0140"></a> thero sayaṃ neva pabbājesi, na upasampādesi aññehi pana bhikkhūhi evaṃ kārāpesi. <span class="bld">Avāpuraṇaṃ ādāyā</span>ti kuñcikaṃ gahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nisinnakova</span> <a name="V4.0143"></a> <span class="bld">parinibbāyī</span>ti ahaṃ dharamānopi na aññassa bhikkhussa bhāro ahosiṃ, parinibbutassāpi me sarīraṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa palibodho mā ahosīti tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā parinibbāyi. Sarīrato jālā uṭṭhahi, chavimaṃsalohitaṃ sappi viya jhāyamānaṃ parikkhayaṃ gataṃ, sumanamakulasadisā <a name="P4.0197"></a> dhātuyova avasesiṃsu. Sesaṃ sabbattha pākaṭameva. Idaṃ pana suttaṃ dutiyasaṅgahe saṅgītanti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Bākulasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Dantabhūmisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para213"></a><a name="para213_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">213</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0144"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti dantabhūmisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">araññakuṭikāya</span>nti tasseva veḷuvanassa ekasmiṃ vivittaṭṭhāne padhānakammikānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ atthāya katasenāsane. <span class="bld">Rājakumāro</span>ti bimbisārassa putto orasako.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Phuseyyā</span>ti labheyya. <span class="bld">Ekaggata</span>nti evaṃ paṭipanno samāpattiṃ nāma labhati, jhānaṃ nāma labhatīti idaṃ mayā sutanti vadati. <span class="bld">Kilamatho</span>ti kāyakilamatho. <span class="bld">Vihesā</span>ti sveva kilamatho vutto. <span class="bld">Yathāsake tiṭṭheyyāsī</span>ti attano ajānanakoṭṭhāseyeva tiṭṭheyyāsīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para214"></a><a name="para214_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">214</span>. <span class="bld">Desesī</span>ti cittekaggataṃ nāma evaṃ labhati, samāpattiṃ evaṃ nibbattetīti appanāupacāraṃ pāpetvā ekakasiṇaparikammaṃ kathesi. <span class="bld">Pavedetvā</span>ti pakāsetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nekkhammena ñātabba</span>nti kāmato nissaṭaguṇena ñātabbaṃ. Kāmato nissaṭaguṇe ṭhitena puggalena ekaggaṃ nāma jānitabbanti adhippāyenetaṃ vuttaṃ<a name="M4.0141"></a>. Sesāni tasseva vevacanāni. <span class="bld">Kāme</span> <a name="P4.0198"></a> <span class="bld">paribhuñjanto</span>ti duvidhepi kāme bhuñjamāno.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para215"></a><a name="para215_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">215</span>. <span class="bld">Hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā</span>ti ettha adantahatthidammādayo viya cittekaggarahitā puggalā daṭṭhabbā. Dantahatthiādayo viya cittekaggasampannā. Yathā adantahatthidammādayo kūṭākāraṃ akatvā dhuraṃ achaḍḍetvā dantagamanaṃ vā gantuṃ, dantehi vā pattabbaṃ bhūmiṃ pāpuṇituṃ na sakkonti, evameva cittekaggarahitā sampannacittekaggehi nibbattitaguṇaṃ vā nibbattetuṃ pattabhūmiṃ vā pāpuṇituṃ na sakkonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para216"></a><a name="para216_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">216</span>. <span class="bld">Hatthavilaṅghakenā</span>ti hatthena hatthaṃ gahetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daṭṭheyya</span>nti <a name="V4.0145"></a> passitabbayuttakaṃ. <span class="bld">Āvuto</span>ti āvarito. <span class="bld">Nivuto</span>ti nivārito. <span class="bld">Ophuṭo</span>ti onaddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para217"></a><a name="para217_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">217</span>. <span class="bld">Nāgavanika</span>nti hatthipadopame (ma. ni. 1.288 ādayo) nāgavanacarako puriso ‘‘nāgavaniko’’ti vutto, idha hatthisikkhāya kusalo hatthiṃ gahetuṃ samattho. <span class="bld">Atipassitvā</span>ti disvā. <span class="bld">Etthagedhā</span>ti etasmiṃ pavattagedhā. <span class="bld">Sarasaṅkappāna</span>nti dhāvanasaṅkappānaṃ. <span class="bld">Manussakantesu sīlesu samādapanāyā</span>ti ettha yadā nāgo itthipurisehi kumārakumārikāhi soṇḍādīsu <a name="P4.0199"></a> gahetvā upakeḷayamāno vikāraṃ na karoti sukhāyati, tadānena manussakantāni sīlāni samādinnāni nāma honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pemanīyā</span>ti tāta rājā te pasanno maṅgalahatthiṭṭhāneva ṭhapessati, rājārahāni bhojanādīni labhissasīti evarūpī nāgehi piyāpitabbā kathā. <span class="bld">Sussūsatī</span>ti taṃ pemanīyakathaṃ sotukāmo hoti. <span class="bld">Tiṇaghāsodaka</span>nti tiṇaghāsañceva udakañca, <span class="bld">tiṇaghāsa</span>nti ghāsitabbaṃ tiṇaṃ, khāditabbanti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṇavo</span>ti ḍiṇḍimo. <span class="bld">Sabbavaṅkadosanihitaninnītakasāvo</span>ti nihitasabbavaṅkadoso ceva apanītakasāvo ca. <span class="bld">Aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchatī</span>ti aṅgasamo hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para219"></a><a name="para219_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">219</span>. <span class="bld">Gehasitasīlāna</span>nti <a name="M4.0142"></a> pañcakāmaguṇanissitasīlānaṃ. <span class="bld">Ñāyassā</span>ti aṭṭhaṅgikamaggassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para222"></a><a name="para222_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">222</span>. <span class="bld">Adantamaraṇaṃ mahallako rañño nāgo kālaṅkato</span>ti rañño mahallako nāgo adantamaraṇaṃ mato kālaṃ kato hoti, adantamaraṇaṃ kālaṃkiriyaṃ nāma kariyatīti ayamettha attho. Esa nayo sabbattha. Sesaṃ uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Dantabhūmisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Bhūmijasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para223"></a><a name="para223_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">223</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0146"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bhūmijasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bhūmijo</span>ti ayaṃ thero jayasenarājakumārassa mātulo. <span class="bld">Āsañca anāsañcā</span>ti kālena āsaṃ kālena anāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Sakena</span> <a name="P4.0200"></a> <span class="bld">thālipākenā</span>ti pakatipavattāya bhikkhāya attano niṭṭhitabhattatopi bhattena parivisi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Bhūmijasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Anuruddhasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para230"></a><a name="para230_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">230</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0147"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti anuruddhasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">evamāhaṃsū</span>ti tassa upāsakassa aphāsukakālo ahosi, tadā upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu. <span class="bld">Apaṇṇaka</span>nti avirādhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Ekatthā</span>ti appamāṇāti vā mahaggatāti vā jhānameva cittekaggatāyeva evaṃ vuccatīti imaṃ sandhāya evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para231"></a><a name="para231_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">231</span>. <span class="bld">Yāvatā</span> <a name="M4.0143"></a> <span class="bld">ekaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ mahaggatanti pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharatī</span>ti ekarukkhamūlapamāṇaṭṭhānaṃ kasiṇanimittena ottharitvā tasmiṃ kasiṇanimitte mahaggatajjhānaṃ pharitvā adhimuccitvā viharati. Mahaggatanti panassa ābhogo natthi, kevalaṃ mahaggatajjhānapavattivasena panetaṃ vuttaṃ. Esa nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Iminā kho etaṃ gahapati pariyāyenā</span>ti iminā kāraṇena. Ettha hi appamāṇāti vuttānaṃ brahmavihārānaṃ nimittaṃ na vaḍḍhati, ugghāṭanaṃ na jāyati, tāni jhānāni abhiññānaṃ vā nirodhassa vā pādakāni na honti, vipassanāpādakāni pana vaṭṭapādakāni bhavokkamanāni ca honti. ‘‘Mahaggatā’’ti vuttānaṃ pana kasiṇajjhānānaṃ nimittaṃ vaḍḍhati, ugghāṭanaṃ jāyati, samatikkamā honti, abhiññāpādakāni <a name="P4.0201"></a> nirodhapādakāni vaṭṭapādakāni bhavokkamanāni ca honti. Evamime dhammā nānatthā, appamāṇā mahaggatāti evaṃ nānābyañjanā ca.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para232"></a><a name="para232_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">232</span>. Idāni mahaggatasamāpattito nīharitvā bhavūpapattikāraṇaṃ dassento <span class="bld">catasso kho imā</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Parittābhā</span>ti pharitvā jānantassa ayamābhogo atthi, parittābhesu pana devesu nibbattikāraṇaṃ jhānaṃ bhāvento evaṃ vutto. Esa nayo sabbattha. Parittābhā siyā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā honti siyā parisuddhābhā, appamāṇābhā siyā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā honti siyā parisuddhābhā. Kathaṃ? Suppamatte vā sarāvamatte vā kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā samāpattiṃ nibbattetvā pañcahākārehi āciṇṇavasibhāvo paccanīkadhammānaṃ suṭṭhu aparisodhitattā dubbalameva samāpattiṃ vaḷañjitvā appaguṇajjhāne ṭhito kālaṃ katvā parittābhesu nibbattati, vaṇṇo panassa paritto ceva hoti saṃkiliṭṭho ca. Pañcahi panākārehi āciṇṇavasibhāvo paccanīkadhammānaṃ suṭṭhu parisodhitattā suvisuddhaṃ samāpattiṃ vaḷañjitvā paguṇajjhāne ṭhito kālaṃ katvā parittābhesu nibbattati, vaṇṇo <a name="V4.0148"></a> panassa paritto ceva hoti parisuddho ca. Evaṃ parittābhā siyā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā honti siyā parisuddhābhā. Kasiṇe pana vipulaparikammaṃ katvā samāpattiṃ nibbattetvā pañcahākārehi āciṇṇavasibhāvoti sabbaṃ purimasadisameva veditabbaṃ. Evaṃ appamāṇābhā siyā saṃkiliṭṭhābhā honti siyā parisuddhābhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vaṇṇanānatta</span>nti <a name="M4.0144"></a> sarīravaṇṇassa nānattaṃ. <span class="bld">No ca ābhānānatta</span>nti āloke nānattaṃ na paññāyati. <span class="bld">Accinānatta</span>nti <a name="P4.0202"></a> dīgharassaaṇuthūlavasena acciyā nānattaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yattha yatthā</span>ti uyyānavimānakapparukkhanadītīrapokkharaṇītīresu yattha yattha. <span class="bld">Abhinivisantī</span>ti vasanti. <span class="bld">Abhiramantī</span>ti ramanti na ukkaṇṭhanti. <span class="bld">Kājenā</span>ti yāgubhattatelaphāṇitamacchamaṃsakājesu yena kenaci kājena. ‘‘Kācenāti’’pi pāṭho, ayameva attho. <span class="bld">Piṭakenā</span>ti pacchiyā. <span class="bld">Tattha tatthevā</span>ti sappimadhuphāṇitādīnaṃ sulabhaṭṭhānato loṇapūtimacchādīnaṃ ussannaṭṭhānaṃ nītā ‘‘pubbe amhākaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ phāsukaṃ, tattha sukhaṃ vasimhā, idha loṇaṃ vā no bādhati pūtimacchagandho vā sīsarogaṃ uppādetī’’ti evaṃ cittaṃ anuppādetvā tattha tattheva ramanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para234"></a><a name="para234_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">234</span>. <span class="bld">Ābhā</span>ti ābhāsampannā. <span class="bld">Tadaṅgenā</span>ti tassā bhavūpapattiyā aṅgena, bhavūpapattikāraṇenāti attho. Idāni taṃ kāraṇaṃ pucchanto <span class="bld">ko nu kho, bhante</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kāyaduṭṭhulla</span>nti kāyālasiyabhāvo. <span class="bld">Jhāyato</span>ti jalato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para235"></a><a name="para235_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">235</span>. <span class="bld">Dīgharattaṃ kho me</span>ti thero kira pāramiyo pūrento isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā samāpattiṃ nibbattetvā nirantaraṃ tīṇi attabhāvasatāni brahmaloke paṭilabhi, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ āha. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Avokiṇṇaṃ <a name="V4.0149"></a> tīṇi sataṃ, yaṃ pabbajiṃ isipabbajjaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Asaṅkhataṃ gavesanto, pubbe sañcaritaṃ mama’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Anuruddhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Upakkilesasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para236"></a><a name="para236_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">236</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0150"></a><a name="P4.0203"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti upakkilesasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">etadavocā</span>ti neva bhedādhippāyena na piyakamyatāya, atha khvāssa etadahosi – ‘‘ime bhikkhū <a name="M4.0145"></a> mama vacanaṃ gahetvā na oramissanti, buddhā ca nāma hitānukampakā, addhā nesaṃ bhagavā ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ kathessati, taṃ sutvā ete oramissanti, tato tesaṃ phāsuvihāro bhavissatī’’ti. Tasmā etaṃ ‘‘idha, bhante’’tiādivacanamavoca. <span class="bld">Mā bhaṇḍana</span>ntiādīsu ‘‘akatthā’’ti pāṭhasesaṃ gahetvā ‘‘mā bhaṇḍanaṃ akatthā’’ti evaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo. <span class="bld">Aññataro</span>ti so kira bhikkhu bhagavato atthakāmo, ayaṃ kirassa adhippāyo – ‘‘ime bhikkhū kodhābhibhūtā satthu vacanaṃ na gaṇhanti, mā bhagavā ete ovadanto kilamī’’ti, tasmā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Piṇḍāya pāvisī</span>ti na kevalaṃ pāvisi, yenapi janena na diṭṭho, so maṃ passatūtipi adhiṭṭhāsi. Kimatthaṃ adhiṭṭhāsīti? Tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ damanatthaṃ. Bhagavā hi tadā piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto ‘‘puthusaddo samajano’’tiādigāthā bhāsitvā kosambito bālakaloṇakāragāmaṃ gato. Tato pācīnavaṃsadāyaṃ, tato pālileyyakavanasaṇḍaṃ gantvā pālileyyahatthināgena upaṭṭhahiyamāno temāsaṃ vasi. Nagaravāsinopi – ‘‘satthā vihāraṃ gato, gacchāma dhammassavanāyā’’ti gandhapupphahatthā vihāraṃ gantvā ‘‘kahaṃ, bhante, satthā’’ti pucchiṃsu. ‘‘Kahaṃ tumhe satthāraṃ dakkhatha, satthā ‘ime bhikkhū samagge <a name="P4.0204"></a> karissāmī’ti āgato, samagge kātuṃ asakkonto nikkhamitvā gato’’ti. ‘‘Mayaṃ satampi sahassampi datvā satthāraṃ ānetuṃ na sakkoma, so no ayācito sayameva āgato, mayaṃ ime bhikkhū nissāya satthu sammukhā dhammakathaṃ sotuṃ na labhimhā. Ime satthāraṃ uddissa pabbajitā, tasmimpi sāmaggiṃ karonte samaggā na jātā, kassāññassa vacanaṃ karissanti. Alaṃ na imesaṃ bhikkhā dātabbā’’ti sakalanagare daṇḍaṃ ṭhapayiṃsu. Te punadivase sakalanagaraṃ piṇḍāya caritvā kaṭacchumattampi bhikkhaṃ alabhitvā vihāraṃ āgamaṃsu. Upāsakāpi te puna āhaṃsu – ‘‘yāva satthāraṃ na khamāpetha, tāva vo tameva daṇḍakamma’’nti. Te ‘‘satthāraṃ khamāpessāmā’’ti bhagavati sāvatthiyaṃ anuppatte <a name="V4.0151"></a> tattha agamaṃsu. Satthā tesaṃ aṭṭhārasa bhedakaravatthūni desesīti ayamettha pāḷimuttakakathā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para237"></a><a name="para237_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">237</span>. Idāni <span class="bld">puthusaddo</span>tiādigāthāsu puthu mahāsaddo assāti <span class="bld">puthusaddo. Samajano</span>ti samāno ekasadiso jano, sabbovāyaṃ bhaṇḍanakārakajano <a name="M4.0146"></a> samantato saddaniccharaṇena puthusaddo ceva sadiso cāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Na bālo koci maññathā</span>ti tatra koci ekopi ahaṃ bāloti na maññati, sabbepi paṇḍitamāninoyeva. <span class="bld">Nāññaṃ bhiyyo amaññaru</span>nti koci ekopi ahaṃ bāloti na ca maññi, bhiyyo ca saṅghasmiṃ bhijjamāne aññampi ekaṃ ‘‘mayhaṃ kāraṇā saṅgho bhijjatī’’ti idaṃ kāraṇaṃ na maññīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parimuṭṭhā</span>ti muṭṭhassatino. <span class="bld">Vācāgocarabhāṇino</span>ti rākārassa rassādeso kato; vācāgocarāva<a name="P4.0205"></a>, na satipaṭṭhānagocarā, bhāṇino ca, kathaṃ bhāṇino? <span class="bld">Yāvicchanti mukhāyāmaṃ,</span> yāva mukhaṃ pasāretuṃ icchanti, tāva pasāretvā bhāṇino, ekopi saṅghagāravena mukhasaṅkocanaṃ na karotīti attho. <span class="bld">Yena nītā</span>ti yena kalahena imaṃ nillajjabhāvaṃ nītā. <span class="bld">Na taṃ vidū</span> na taṃ jānanti ‘‘evaṃ sādīnavo aya’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Ye ca taṃ upanayhantī</span>ti taṃ akkocchi mantiādikaṃ ākāraṃ ye upanayhanti. <span class="bld">Sanantano</span>ti porāṇo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pare</span>ti paṇḍite ṭhapetvā tato aññe bhaṇḍanakārakā pare nāma. Te ettha saṅghamajjhe kalahaṃ karontā ‘‘mayaṃ yamāmase upayamāma nassāma satataṃ samitaṃ maccusantikaṃ gacchāmā’’ti na jānanti. <span class="bld">Ye ca tattha vijānantī</span>ti ye ca tattha paṇḍitā ‘‘mayaṃ maccuno samīpaṃ gacchāmā’’ti vijānanti. <span class="bld">Tato sammanti medhagā</span>ti evañhi te jānantā yonisomanasikāraṃ uppādetvā medhagānaṃ kalahānaṃ vūpasamāya paṭipajjanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aṭṭhicchinnā</span>ti ayaṃ gāthā jātake (jā. 1.9.16) āgatā, brahmadattañca dīghāvukumārañca sandhāya <a name="V4.0152"></a> vuttā. Ayañhettha attho – tesampi tathā pavattaverānaṃ hoti saṅgati, kasmā <a name="P4.0206"></a> tumhākaṃ na hoti, yesaṃ vo neva mātāpitūnaṃ aṭṭhīni chinnāni, na pāṇā haṭā na gavāssadhanāni haṭānīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sace</span> <a name="M4.0147"></a> <span class="bld">labhethā</span>tiādigāthā paṇḍitasahāyassa ca bālasahāyassa ca vaṇṇāvaṇṇadīpanatthaṃ vuttā. <span class="bld">Abhibhuyya sabbāni parissayānī</span>ti pākaṭaparissaye ca paṭicchannaparissaye ca abhibhavitvā tena saddhiṃ attamano satimā careyyāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājāva raṭṭhaṃ vijita</span>nti yathā attano vijitaraṭṭhaṃ mahājanakarājā ca arindamamahārājā ca pahāya ekakā vicariṃsu, evaṃ vicareyyāti attho. <span class="bld">Mātaṅgaraññeva nāgo</span>ti mātaṅgo araññe nāgova. <span class="bld">Mātaṅgo</span>ti hatthi vuccati. <span class="bld">Nāgo</span>ti mahantādhivacanametaṃ. Yathā hi mātuposako mātaṅganāgo araññe eko cari, na ca pāpāni akāsi, yathā ca pālileyyako, evaṃ eko care, na ca pāpāni kayirāti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para238"></a><a name="para238_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">238</span>. <span class="bld">Bālakaloṇakāragāmo</span>ti upāligahapatissa bhogagāmo. <span class="bld">Tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti kasmā upasaṅkami? Gaṇe kirassa ādīnavaṃ disvā ekavihāriṃ bhikkhuṃ passitukāmatā udapādi, tasmā sītādīhi pīḷito uṇhādīni patthayamāno viya upasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Dhammiyā kathāyā</span>ti ekībhāve ānisaṃsappaṭisaṃyuttāya. Yena <a name="P4.0207"></a> pācīnavaṃsadāyo, tattha kasmā upasaṅkami? Kalahakārake kirassa diṭṭhādīnavattā samaggavāsino bhikkhū passitukāmatā udapādi, tasmā sītādīhi pīḷito uṇhādīni patthayamāno viya tattha upasaṅkami. <span class="bld">Āyasmā ca anuruddho</span>tiādi vuttanayameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para241"></a><a name="para241_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">241</span>. <span class="bld">Atthi pana vo</span>ti pacchimapucchāya lokuttaradhammaṃ puccheyya. So pana therānaṃ natthi, tasmā taṃ pucchituṃ na yuttanti parikammobhāsaṃ pucchati. <span class="bld">Obhāsañceva sañjānāmā</span>ti parikammobhāsaṃ sañjānāma. <span class="bld">Dassanañca rūpāna</span>nti dibbacakkhunā rūpadassanañca sañjānāma. <span class="bld">Tañca nimittaṃ nappaṭivijjhāmā</span>ti tañca kāraṇaṃ na jānāma, yena no obhāso ca rūpadassanañca antaradhāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ kho pana vo anuruddhā nimittaṃ paṭivijjhitabba</span>nti taṃ vo kāraṇaṃ jānitabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ahampi suda</span>nti anuruddhā tumhe kiṃ na āḷulessanti, ahampi imehi ekādasahi upakkilesehi <a name="V4.0153"></a> āḷulitapubboti dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ <a name="M4.0148"></a> ārabhi. <span class="bld">Vicikicchā kho me</span>tiādīsu mahāsattassa ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbacakkhunā nānāvidhāni rūpāni disvā ‘‘idaṃ kho ki’’nti vicikicchā udapādi. <span class="bld">Samādhi cavī</span>ti parikammasamādhi cavi. <span class="bld">Obhāso</span>ti parikammobhāsopi antaradhāyi, dibbacakkhunāpi rūpaṃ na passi. <span class="bld">Amanasikāro</span>ti rūpāni passato vicikicchā uppajjati, idāni kiñci na manasikarissāmīti amanasikāro udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Thinamiddha</span>nti <a name="P4.0208"></a> kiñci amanasikarontassa thinamiddhaṃ udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Chambhitatta</span>nti himavantābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dānavarakkhasaajagarādayo addasa, athassa chambhitattaṃ udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uppila</span>nti ‘‘mayā diṭṭhabhayaṃ pakatiyā olokiyamānaṃ natthi. Adiṭṭhe kiṃ nāma bhaya’’nti cintayato uppilāvitattaṃ udapādi. <span class="bld">Sakidevā</span>ti ekapayogeneva pañca nidhikumbhiyopi passeyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Duṭṭhulla</span>nti mayā vīriyaṃ gāḷhaṃ paggahitaṃ, tena me uppilaṃ uppannanti vīriyaṃ sithilamakāsi, tato kāyadaratho kāyaduṭṭhullaṃ kāyālasiyaṃ udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Accāraddhavīriya</span>nti mama vīriyaṃ sithilaṃ karoto duṭṭhullaṃ uppannanti puna vīriyaṃ paggaṇhato accāraddhavīriyaṃ udapādi. <span class="bld">Patameyyā</span>ti mareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atilīnavīriya</span>nti mama vīriyaṃ paggaṇhato evaṃ jātanti puna vīriyaṃ sithilaṃ karoto atilīnavīriyaṃ udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhijappā</span>ti devalokābhimukhaṃ ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā devasaṅghaṃ passato taṇhā udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nānattasaññā</span>ti mayhaṃ ekajātikaṃ rūpaṃ manasikarontassa abhijappā uppannā, nānāvidharūpaṃ <a name="V4.0154"></a> manasi karissāmīti kālena devalokābhimukhaṃ kālena manussalokābhimukhaṃ vaḍḍhetvā nānāvidhāni rūpāni manasikaroto nānattasaññā udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atinijjhāyitatta</span>nti mayhaṃ nānāvidhāni rūpāni manasikarontassa nānattasaññā udapādi, iṭṭhaṃ vā aniṭṭhaṃ <a name="P4.0209"></a> vā ekajātikameva manasi karissāmīti tathā manasikaroto atinijjhāyitattaṃ rūpānaṃ udapādi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para243"></a><a name="para243_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">243</span>. <span class="bld">Obhāsanimittaṃ</span> <a name="M4.0149"></a> <span class="bld">manasi karomī</span>ti parikammobhāsameva manasi karomi. <span class="bld">Na ca rūpāni passāmī</span>ti dibbacakkhunā rūpāni na passāmi. <span class="bld">Rūpanimittaṃ manasi karomī</span>ti dibbacakkhunā visayarūpameva manasi karomi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parittañceva obhāsa</span>nti parittakaṭṭhāne obhāsaṃ. <span class="bld">Parittāni ca rūpānī</span>ti parittakaṭṭhāne rūpāni. Vipariyāyena dutiyavāro veditabbo. <span class="bld">Paritto samādhī</span>ti parittako parikammobhāso, obhāsaparittatañhi sandhāya idha parikammasamādhi ‘‘paritto’’ti vutto. <span class="bld">Parittaṃ me tasmiṃ samaye</span>ti tasmiṃ samaye dibbacakkhupi parittakaṃ hoti. Appamāṇavārepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para245"></a><a name="para245_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">245</span>. <span class="bld">Avitakkampi vicāramatta</span>nti pañcakanaye dutiyajjhānasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Avitakkampi avicāra</span>nti catukkanayepi pañcakanayepi jhānattayasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sappītika</span>nti dukatikajjhānasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Nippītika</span>nti dukajjhānasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Sātasahagata</span>nti tikacatukkajjhānasamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Upekkhāsahagata</span>nti catukkanaye catutthajjhānasamādhiṃ pañcakanaye pañcamajjhānasamādhiṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kadā pana bhagavā imaṃ tividhaṃ samādhiṃ bhāveti? Mahābodhimūle nisinno pacchimayāme. Bhagavato hi paṭhamamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko ahosi, dutiyādayo dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānikā<a name="P4.0210"></a>. Pañcakanaye pañcamajjhānassa maggo natthīti so lokiyo ahosīti lokiyalokuttaramissakaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Upakkilesasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Bālapaṇḍitasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para246"></a><a name="para246_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">246</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0155"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bālalakkhaṇānī</span>ti bālo ayanti etehi lakkhiyati ñāyatīti bālalakkhaṇāni. Tāneva tassa sañjānanakāraṇānīti <span class="bld">bālanimittāni</span>. Bālassa apadānānīti <span class="bld">bālāpadānāni</span><a name="M4.0150"></a>. <span class="bld">Duccintitacintī</span>ti cintayanto abhijjhābyāpādamicchādassanavasena duccintitameva cinteti. <span class="bld">Dubbhāsitabhāsī</span>ti bhāsamānopi musāvādādibhedaṃ dubbhāsitameva bhāsati. <span class="bld">Dukkaṭakammakārī</span>ti karontopi pāṇātipātādivasena dukkaṭakammameva karoti. <span class="bld">Tatra ce</span>ti yattha nisinno, tassaṃ parisati. <span class="bld">Tajjaṃ tassāruppa</span>nti tajjātikaṃ tadanucchavikaṃ, pañcannaṃ verānaṃ diṭṭhadhammakasamparāyikaādīnavappaṭisaṃyuttanti adhippāyo. <span class="bld">Tatrā</span>ti <a name="P4.0211"></a> tāya kathāya kacchamānāya. <span class="bld">Bāla</span>ntiādīni sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para248"></a><a name="para248_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">248</span>. <span class="bld">Olambantī</span>ti upaṭṭhahanti. Sesapadadvayaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ, olambanādiākārena hi tāni upaṭṭhahanti, tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Pathaviyā olambantī</span>ti pathavitale pattharanti. Sesapadadvayaṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ. Pattharaṇākāroyeva hesa. <span class="bld">Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassā</span>ti tasmiṃ upaṭṭhānākāre āpāthagate bālassa evaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para249"></a><a name="para249_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">249</span>. <span class="bld">Etadavocā</span>ti anusandhikusalo bhikkhu ‘‘nirayassa upamā kātuṃ na sakkā’’ti na bhagavā vadati, ‘‘na sukarā’’ti pana vadati, na sukaraṃ pana sakkā hoti kātuṃ, handāhaṃ dasabalaṃ upamaṃ kārāpemīti cintetvā etaṃ ‘‘sakkā, bhante’’ti vacanaṃ avoca. <span class="bld">Haneyyu</span>nti vinivijjhitvā gamanavasena yathā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne dve pahārā nipatanti, evaṃ haneyyuṃ. Tenassa dve vaṇamukhasatāni honti. Ito uttaripi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para250"></a><a name="para250_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">250</span>. <span class="bld">Pāṇimatta</span>nti antomuṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhapanamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṅkhampi na upetī</span>ti gaṇanamattampi na gacchati. <span class="bld">Kalabhāgampī</span>ti satimaṃ kalaṃ sahassimaṃ kalaṃ satasahassimaṃ vā kalaṃ upagacchatītipi vattabbataṃ na upeti. <span class="bld">Upanidhampī</span>ti upanikkhepanamattampi na upeti, olokentassa olokitamattampi <a name="V4.0156"></a> natthi. <span class="bld">Tattaṃ</span> <a name="P4.0212"></a> <span class="bld">ayokhila</span>nti tigāvutaṃ attabhāvaṃ sampajjalitāya lohapathaviyā uttānakaṃ nipajjāpetvā tassa dakkhiṇahatthe tālappamāṇaṃ ayasūlaṃ pavesenti, tathā vāmahatthādīsu. Yathā ca uttānakaṃ nipajjāpetvā, evaṃ urenapi dakkhiṇapassenapi vāmapassenapi nipajjāpetvā taṃ kammakāraṇaṃ karontiyeva. <span class="bld">Saṃvesetvā</span>ti sampajjalitāya lohapathaviyā tigāvutaṃ attabhāvaṃ nipajjāpetvā. <span class="bld">Kuṭhārīhī</span>ti mahatīhi gehassa ekapakkhachadanamattāhi kuṭhārīhi tacchanti. Lohitaṃ nadī hutvā sandati, lohapathavito jālā uṭṭhahitvā tacchitaṭṭhānaṃ gaṇhanti. Mahādukkhaṃ uppajjati, tacchantā <a name="M4.0151"></a> pana suttāhataṃ karitvā dārū viya aṭṭhaṃsampi chaḷaṃsampi karonti. <span class="bld">Vāsīhī</span>ti mahāsuppapamāṇāhi vāsīhi. Tāhi tacchantā tacato yāva aṭṭhīni saṇikaṃ tacchanti, tacchitaṃ tacchitaṃ paṭipākatikaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Rathe yojetvā</span>ti saddhiṃ yugayottapañcaracakkakubbarapācanehi sabbato sampajjalite rathe yojetvā. <span class="bld">Mahanta</span>nti mahākūṭāgārappamāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Āropentī</span>ti sampajjalitehi ayamuggarehi pothentā āropenti. <span class="bld">Sakimpi</span> <a name="P4.0213"></a> <span class="bld">uddha</span>nti supakkuthitāya ukkhaliyā pakkhittataṇḍulā viya uddhaṃ adho tiriyañca gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Bhāgaso mito</span>ti bhāge ṭhapetvā ṭhapetvā vibhatto. <span class="bld">Pariyanto</span>ti parikkhitto. <span class="bld">Ayasā</span>ti upari ayapaṭṭena chādito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Samantā yojanasataṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhatī</span>ti evaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, yathā samantā yojanasate ṭhāne ṭhatvā olokentassa akkhīni yamakagoḷakā viya nikkhamanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na sukarā akkhānena pāpuṇitu</span>nti nirayo nāma evampi dukkho evampi dukkhoti vassasataṃ vassasahassaṃ kathentenāpi matthakaṃ pāpetvā kathetuṃ na sukarāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para251"></a><a name="para251_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">251</span>. <span class="bld">Dantullehaka</span>nti dantehi ullehitvā, luñcitvāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Rasādo</span>ti rasagedhena paribhuttaraso.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para252"></a><a name="para252_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">252</span>. <span class="bld">Aññamaññakhādikā</span>ti aññamaññakhādanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dubbaṇṇo</span>ti <a name="V4.0157"></a> durūpo. <span class="bld">Duddasiko</span>ti dārakānaṃ bhayāpanatthaṃ katayakkho viya duddaso. <span class="bld">Okoṭimako</span>ti lakuṇḍako paviṭṭhagīvo mahodaro. <span class="bld">Kāṇo</span>ti ekakkhikāṇo vā ubhayakkhikāṇo vā. <span class="bld">Kuṇī</span>ti ekahatthakuṇī vā ubhayahatthakuṇī vā. <span class="bld">Pakkhahato</span>ti pīṭhasappī. <span class="bld">So</span> <a name="P4.0214"></a> <span class="bld">kāyenā</span>ti idamassa dukkhānupabandhadassanatthaṃ āraddhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kaliggahenā</span>ti parājayena. <span class="bld">Adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyyā</span>ti yasmā bahuṃ jito sabbasāpateyyampissa nappahoti, tasmā attanāpi bandhaṃ nigaccheyya. <span class="bld">Kevalā paripūrā bālabhūmī</span>ti bālo tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā <a name="M4.0152"></a> niraye nibbattati, tattha pakkāvasesena manussattaṃ āgato pañcasu nīcakulesu nibbattitvā puna tīṇi duccaritāni pūretvā niraye nibbattatīti ayaṃ sakalā paripuṇṇā bālabhūmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para253"></a><a name="para253_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">253</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇḍitalakkhaṇānī</span>tiādi vuttānusāreneva veditabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Sucintitacintī</span>tiādīni cettha manosucaritādīnaṃ vasena yojetabbāni.</p>
<p class="subhead">Cakkaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para256"></a><a name="para256_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">256</span>. <span class="bld">Sīsaṃ nhātassā</span>ti sīsena saddhiṃ gandhodakena nhātassa. <span class="bld">Uposathikassā</span>ti samādinnauposathaṅgassa. <span class="bld">Uparipāsādavaragatassā</span>ti pāsādavarassa upari gatassa subhojanaṃ bhuñjitvā pāsādavarassa upari mahātale sirīgabbhaṃ pavisitvā sīlāni āvajjantassa. Tadā kira rājā pātova satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā mahādānaṃ datvā punapi soḷasahi gandhodakaghaṭehi sīsaṃ nhāyitvā katapātarāso suddhaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ ekaṃsaṃ katvā uparipāsādassa sirīsayane pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinno attano dānamayapuññasamudayaṃ āvajjetvā nisīdati, ayaṃ sabbacakkavattīnaṃ dhammatā<a name="P4.0215"></a>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tesaṃ taṃ āvajjantānaṃyeva vuttappakārapuññakammapaccayaṃ utusamuṭṭhānaṃ nīlamaṇisaṅghāṭasadisaṃ pācīnasamuddajalatalaṃ chindamānaṃ viya ākāsaṃ alaṅkurumānaṃ viya dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati. Tayidaṃ dibbānubhāvayuttattā <span class="bld">dibba</span>nti vuttaṃ. Sahassaṃ assa arānanti <span class="bld">sahassāraṃ</span>. Saha <a name="V4.0158"></a> nemiyā saha nābhiyā cāti <span class="bld">sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ</span>. Sabbehi ākārehi paripūranti <span class="bld">sabbākāraparipūraṃ</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha cakkañca taṃ ratijananaṭṭhena ratanañcāti <span class="bld">cakkaratanaṃ</span>. Yāya pana taṃ nābhiyā ‘‘sanābhika’’nti vuttaṃ, sā indanīlamaṇimayā hoti. Majjhe panassā rajatamayā panāḷi, yāya suddhasiniddhadantapantiyā hasamānaṃ viya virocati. Majjhe chiddena viya candamaṇḍalena ubhosupi bāhirantesu rajatapaṭṭena kataparikkhepo hoti. Tesu panassā nābhipanāḷi parikkhepapaṭṭesu yuttaṭṭhāne paricchedalekhā suvibhattāva hutvā paññāyanti. Ayaṃ tāvassa nābhiyā sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yehi <a name="M4.0153"></a> pana taṃ arehi ‘‘sahassāra’’nti vuttaṃ, te sattaratanamayā sūriyarasmiyo viya pabhāsampannā honti. Tesampi ghaṭamaṇikaparicchedalekhādīni suvibhattāneva paññāyanti. Ayamassa arānaṃ sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yāya pana taṃ nemiyā saha ‘‘sanemika’’nti vuttaṃ, sā bālasūriyarasmikalāpasiriṃ <a name="P4.0216"></a> avahasamānā viya surattasuddhasiniddhapavāḷamayā hoti. Sandhīsu panassā sañjhārāgasassirikarattajambonadapaṭṭā vaṭṭaparicchedalekhā ca suvibhattā paññāyanti. Ayamassa nemiyā sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nemimaṇḍalapiṭṭhiyaṃ panassa dasannaṃ dasannaṃ arānamantare dhamanavaṃso viya antosusiro chiddamaṇḍalacitto vātagāhī pavāḷadaṇḍo hoti, yassa vātena paharitassa sukusalasamannāhatassa pañcaṅgikatūriyassa viya saddo vaggu ca rajanīyo ca kamanīyo ca hoti. Tassa kho pana pavāḷadaṇḍassa upari setacchattaṃ, ubhosu passesu samosaritakusumadāmapantiyoti evaṃ samosaritakusumadāmapantisatadvayaparivārena setacchattasatadhārinā pavāḷadaṇḍasatena samupasobhitanemiparikkhepassa dvinnampi nābhipanāḷīnaṃ anto dve sīhamukhāni honti, yehi tālakkhandhappamāṇā puṇṇacandakiraṇakalāpasassirikā taruṇaravisamānarattakambalageṇḍukapariyantā ākāsagaṅgāgatisobhaṃ abhibhavamānā viya dve muttakalāpā olambanti, yehi cakkaratanena saddhiṃ <a name="V4.0159"></a> ākāse samparivattamānehi tīṇi cakkāni ekato parivattantāni viya khāyanti. Ayamassa sabbaso sabbākāraparipūratā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Taṃ panetaṃ evaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ pakatiyā sāyamāsabhattaṃ bhuñjitvā attano attano gharadvāre paññattāsanesu <a name="P4.0217"></a> nisīditvā pavattakathāsallāpesu manussesu vīthicatukkādīsu kīḷamāne dārakajane nātiuccena nātinīcena vanasaṇḍamatthakāsannena ākāsappadesena upasobhayamānaṃ viya rukkhasākhaggāni, dvādasayojanato paṭṭhāya suyyamānena madhurassarena sattānaṃ sotāni odhāpayamānaṃ yojanato paṭṭhāya nānappabhāsamudayasamujjalena vaṇṇena nayanāni samākaḍḍhantaṃ <a name="M4.0154"></a> rañño cakkavattissa puññānubhāvaṃ ugghosayantaṃ viya rājadhāniabhimukhaṃ āgacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha tassa cakkaratanassa saddassavaneneva ‘‘kuto nu kho, kassa nu kho ayaṃ saddo’’ti āvajjitahadayānaṃ puratthimadisaṃ olokayamānānaṃ tesaṃ manussānaṃ aññataro aññataraṃ evamāha – ‘‘passa bho acchariyaṃ, ayaṃ puṇṇacando pubbe eko uggacchati, ajja pana attadutiyo uggato, etañhi rājahaṃsamithunaṃ viya puṇṇacandamithunaṃ pubbāpariyena gaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghatī’’ti. Tamañño āha – ‘‘kiṃ kathesi samma kahaṃ nāma tayā dve puṇṇacandā ekato uggacchantā diṭṭhapubbā, nanu esa tapanīyaraṃsidhāro piñcharakiraṇo divākaro uggato’’ti. Tamañño sitaṃ katvā evamāha – ‘‘kiṃ ummattosi, nanu kho idānimeva divākaro atthaṅgato, so kathaṃ imaṃ puṇṇacandaṃ anubandhamāno uggacchissati, addhā panetaṃ anekaratanappabhāsamujjalaṃ ekassa puññavato vimānaṃ bhavissatī’’ti. Te sabbepi apasādayantā aññe evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘kiṃ bahuṃ vippalapatha, nevesa puṇṇacando, na sūriyo na devavimānaṃ. Na hetesaṃ evarūpā <a name="P4.0218"></a> sirisampatti atthi, cakkaratanena panetena bhavitabba’’nti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pavattasallāpasseva tassa janassa candamaṇḍalaṃ ohāya taṃ cakkaratanaṃ abhimukhaṃ hoti. Tato tehi ‘‘kassa nu kho idaṃ nibbatta’’nti vutte bhavanti vattāro – ‘‘na kassaci aññassa, nanu amhākaṃ rājā pūritacakkavattivatto, tassetaṃ nibbatta’’nti. Atha so ca mahājano, yo ca añño passati, sabbo cakkaratanameva anugacchati. Tampi cakkaratanaṃ raññoyeva atthāya attano āgatabhāvaṃ ñāpetukāmaṃ viya sattakkhattuṃ pākāramatthakeneva nagaraṃ anusaṃyāyitvā <a name="V4.0160"></a> rañño antepuraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā antepurassa uttarasīhapañjaraāsanne ṭhāne yathā gandhapupphādīhi sukhena sakkā hoti pūjetuṃ, evaṃ akkhāhataṃ viya tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ ṭhitassa panassa vātapānacchiddādīhi pavisitvā nānāvirāgaratanappabhāsamujjalaṃ anto pāsādaṃ alaṅkurumānaṃ pabhāsamūhaṃ disvā dassanatthāya sañjātābhilāso rājā hoti. Parijanopissa piyavacanapābhatena āgantvā tamatthaṃ nivedeti. Atha rājā balavapītipāmojjaphuṭasarīro pallaṅkaṃ <a name="M4.0155"></a> mocetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā sīhapañjarasamīpaṃ gantvā taṃ cakkaratanaṃ disvā ‘‘sutaṃ kho pana meta’’ntiādikaṃ cintanaṃ cintesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘disvāna rañño khattiyassa…pe… assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattī’’ti. Tattha <span class="bld">so hoti rājā cakkavattī</span>ti kittāvatā cakkavattī hoti? Ekaṅguladvaṅgulamattampi cakkaratane ākāsaṃ abbhuggantvā pavatte.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni tassa pavattāpanatthaṃ yaṃ kātabbaṃ taṃ dassento <span class="bld">atha kho, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <a name="P4.0219"></a> <span class="bld">uṭṭhāyāsanā</span>ti nisinnāsanato uṭṭhahitvā cakkaratanasamīpaṃ āgantvā. <span class="bld">Bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā</span>ti hatthisoṇḍasadisapanāḷiṃ suvaṇṇabhiṅkāraṃ ukkhipitvā vāmahatthena udakaṃ gahetvā. Pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratananti. <span class="bld">Anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā</span>ti sabbacakkavattīnañhi udakena abhisiñcitvā ‘‘abhivijānātu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’’nti vacanasamanantarameva vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā cakkaratanaṃ pavattati, yassa pavattisamakālameva so rājā cakkavattī nāma hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pavatte pana cakkaratane taṃ anubandhamānova rājā cakkavattī yānavaraṃ āruyha vehāsaṃ abbhuggacchati, athassa chattacāmarādihattho parijano ceva antepurajano ca. Tato nānappakārakañcukakavacādisannāhavibhūsitena vividhāharaṇappabhāsamujjalitena samussitaddhajapaṭākapaṭimaṇḍitena attano attano balakāyena saddhiṃ uparājasenāpati pabhūtayopi vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā rājānameva parivārenti. Rājayuttā pana janasaṅgahatthaṃ nagaravīthīsu bheriyo carāpenti ‘‘tātā amhākaṃ rañño cakkaratanaṃ <a name="P4.0220"></a> nibbattaṃ, attano attano vibhavānurūpena maṇḍitappasādhitā sannipatathā’’ti. Mahājano pana pakatiyā cakkaratanasaddeneva sabbakiccāni <a name="V4.0161"></a> pahāya gandhapupphādīni ādāya sannipatitova, sopi sabbo vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā rājānameva parivāreti. Yassa yassa hi raññā saddhiṃ gantukāmatā uppajjati, so so ākāsagatova hoti. Evaṃ dvādasayojanāyāmavitthārā parisā hoti. Tattha ekapurisopi chinnabhinnasarīro vā kiliṭṭhavattho vā natthi. Suciparivāro hi rājā cakkavattī. Cakkavattiparisā nāma vijjādharaparisā viya ākāse gacchamānā indanīlamaṇitale <a name="M4.0156"></a> vippakiṇṇaratanasadisā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tampi cakkaratanaṃ rukkhaggānaṃ uparūpari nātiuccena gaganapadesena pavattati, yathā rukkhānaṃ pupphaphalapallavehi atthikā tāni sukhena gahetuṃ sakkonti, bhūmiyaṃ ṭhitā ‘‘esa rājā, esa uparājā, esa senāpatī’’ti sallakkhetuṃ sakkonti. Ṭhānādīsupi iriyāpathesu yo yena icchati, so teneva gacchati. Cittakammādisippapasutā cettha attano attano kiccaṃ karontāyeva gacchanti. Yatheva hi bhūmiyaṃ, tathā nesaṃ sabbakiccāni ākāse ijjhanti. Evaṃ cakkavattiparisaṃ gahetvā taṃ cakkaratanaṃ vāmapassena sineruṃ pahāya samuddassa uparibhāgena aṭṭhayojanasahassappamāṇaṃ pubbavidehaṃ gacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yo vinibbedhena dvādasayojanāya parikkhepato chattiṃsayojanaparisāya sannivesakkhamo sulabhāhārūpakaraṇo chāyūdakasampanno sucisamatalo ramaṇīyo bhūmibhāgo, tassa uparibhāge taṃ cakkaratanaṃ ākāse akkhāhataṃ viya tiṭṭhati. Atha tena saññāṇena so mahājano otaritvā yathāruci nhānabhojanādīni sabbakiccāni karonto vāsaṃ kappeti, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yasmiṃ <a name="P4.0221"></a> kho pana, bhikkhave, padese taṃ cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti, tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāyā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vāsaṃ upagate cakkavattimhi ye tattha rājāno, te ‘‘paracakkaṃ āgata’’nti sutvāpi na balakāyaṃ sannipātetvā yuddhasajjā honti. Cakkaratanassa uppattisamanantarameva natthi so satto nāma, yo paccatthikasaññāya rājānaṃ ārabbha āvudhaṃ ukkhipituṃ visaheyya. Ayamanubhāvo cakkaratanassa.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Cakkānubhāvena <a name="V4.0162"></a> hi tassa rañño,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Arī asesā damathaṃ upenti;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Arindamaṃ nāma narādhipassa,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Teneva taṃ vuccati tassa cakkaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tasmā <a name="M4.0157"></a> sabbepi te rājāno attano attano rajjasirivibhavānurūpaṃ pābhataṃ gahetvā taṃ rājānaṃ upagamma onatasirā attano moḷiyamaṇippabhābhisekenassa pādapūjaṃ karonto ‘‘ehi kho mahārājā’’tiādīhi vacanehi tassa kiṅkārappaṭissāvitaṃ āpajjanti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya…pe… anusāsa mahārājā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">svāgata</span>nti suāgamanaṃ. Ekasmiñhi āgate socanti, gate nandanti. Ekasmiṃ āgate nandanti, gate socanti. Tādiso tvaṃ āgatanandano gamanasocano, tasmā tava āgamanaṃ suāgamananti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ <a name="P4.0222"></a> vutte pana cakkavattī nāpi ‘‘ettakaṃ nāma me anuvassaṃ baliṃ upakappethā’’ti vadati, nāpi aññassa bhogaṃ acchinditvā aññassa deti. Attano pana dhammarājabhāvassa anurūpāya paññāya pāṇātipātādīni upaparikkhitvā pemanīyena mañjunā sarena ‘‘passatha tātā, pāṇātipāto nāmesa āsevito bhāvito bahulīkato nirayasaṃvattaniko hotī’’tiādinā nayena dhammaṃ desetvā ‘‘pāṇo na hantabbo’’tiādikaṃ ovādaṃ deti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">rājā cakkavattī evamāha pāṇo na hantabbo…pe… yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana sabbepi rañño imaṃ ovādaṃ gaṇhantīti. Buddhassapi tāva sabbe na gaṇhanti, rañño kiṃ gaṇhissanti. Tasmā ye paṇḍitā vibhāvino, te gaṇhanti. Sabbe pana anuyantā bhavanti. Tasmā ‘‘ye kho pana, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha taṃ cakkaratanaṃ evaṃ pubbavidehavāsīnaṃ ovāde dinne katapātarāse cakkavattībalena vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhati. Yathā yathā ca taṃ ajjhogāhati, tathā tathā agadagandhaṃ ghāyitvā saṃkhittaphaṇo nāgarājā viya saṃkhittaūmivipphāraṃ hutvā ogacchamānaṃ <a name="V4.0163"></a> mahāsamuddasalilaṃ yojanamattaṃ ogantvā antosamudde veḷuriyabhitti viya tiṭṭhati. Taṅkhaṇaññeva ca tassa rañño puññasiriṃ daṭṭhukāmāni viya mahāsamuddatale vippakiṇṇāni nānāratanāni tato tato āgantvā taṃ padesaṃ pūrayanti. Atha sā rājaparisā taṃ nānāratanaparipūraṃ mahāsamuddatalaṃ disvā yathāruci ucchaṅgādīhi ādiyati, yathāruci ādinnaratanāya <a name="M4.0158"></a> pana parisāya taṃ cakkaratanaṃ paṭinivattati. Paṭinivattamāne ca tasmiṃ parisā aggato hoti, majjhe rājā, ante cakkaratanaṃ. Tampi jalanidhijalaṃ palobhiyamānamiva <a name="P4.0223"></a> cakkaratanasiriyā, asahamānamiva ca tena viyogaṃ, nemimaṇḍalapariyantaṃ abhihanantaṃ nirantarameva upagacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para257"></a><a name="para257_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">257</span>. Evaṃ rājā cakkavattī puratthimasamuddapariyantaṃ pubbavidehaṃ abhivijinitvā dakkhiṇasamuddapariyantaṃ jambudīpaṃ vijetukāmo cakkaratanadesitena maggena dakkhiṇasamuddābhimukho gacchati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimasamuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavattatī</span>ti. Evaṃ pavattamānassa pana tassa pavattanavidhānaṃ senāsanniveso paṭirājagamanaṃ tesaṃ anusāsanippadānaṃ dakkhiṇasamuddaṃ ajjhogāhanaṃ samuddasalilassa ogacchanaṃ ratanādānanti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vijinitvā pana taṃ dasasahassayojanappamāṇaṃ jambudīpaṃ dakkhiṇasamuddatopi paccuttaritvā sattayojanasahassappamāṇaṃ aparagoyānaṃ vijetuṃ pubbe vuttanayeneva gantvā tampi samuddapariyantaṃ tatheva abhivijinitvā pacchimasamuddatopi paccuttaritvā aṭṭhayojanasahassappamāṇaṃ uttarakuruṃ vijetuṃ tatheva gantvā tampi samuddapariyantaṃ tatheva abhivijiya uttarasamuddatopi paccuttarati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā raññā cakkavattinā cāturantāya pathaviyā ādhipaccaṃ adhigataṃ hoti. So evaṃ vijitavijayo attano rajjasirisampattidassanatthaṃ sapariso uddhaṃ gaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghitvā suvikasitapadumuppalapuṇḍarīkavanavicitte cattāro jātassare viya pañcasatapañcasataparittadīpaparivāre cattāro mahādīpe oloketvā cakkaratanadesiteneva maggena yathānukkamaṃ attano rājadhānimeva paccāgacchati. Atha taṃ cakkaratanaṃ <a name="P4.0224"></a> antepuradvāraṃ sobhayamānaṃ viya hutvā tiṭṭhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="V4.0164"></a> patiṭṭhite pana tasmiṃ cakkaratane rājantepure ukkāhi vā dīpikāhi vā kiñci karaṇīyaṃ na hoti, cakkaratanobhāsoyeva rattiṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamati. Ye ca pana rattiṃ andhakāratthikā honti, tesaṃ andhakārameva hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">dakkhiṇasamuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā…pe… evarūpaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Hatthiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para258"></a><a name="para258_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">258</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M4.0159"></a> pātubhūtacakkaratanassa panassa cakkavattino amaccā pakatimaṅgalahatthiṭṭhānaṃ sucibhūmibhāgaṃ kāretvā haricandanādīhi surabhigandhehi upalimpāpetvā heṭṭhā vicittavaṇṇasurabhikusumasamākiṇṇaṃ upari suvaṇṇatārakānaṃ antarantarā samosaritamanuñña-kusumadāmappaṭimaṇḍitavitānaṃ devavimānaṃ viya abhisaṅkharitvā ‘‘evarūpassa nāma deva hatthiratanassa āgamanaṃ cintethā’’ti vadanti. So pubbe vuttanayeneva mahādānaṃ datvā sīlāni samādāya taṃ puññasampattiṃ āvajjanto nisīdati, athassa puññānubhāvacodito chaddantakulā vā uposathakulā vā taṃ sakkāravisesaṃ anubhavitukāmo taruṇaravimaṇḍalābhirattacaraṇa-gīvamukhappaṭimaṇḍitavisuddhasetasarīro sattappatiṭṭho susaṇṭhitaṅgapaccaṅgasanniveso vikasitaratta-padumacārupokkharo iddhimā yogī viya vehāsaṃ gamanasamattho manosilācuṇṇarañjitapariyanto viya rajatapabbato hatthiseṭṭho tasmiṃ padese patiṭṭhāti. So chaddantakulā āgacchanto sabbakaniṭṭho āgacchati, uposathakulā sabbajeṭṭho. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ‘‘uposatho nāgarājā’’ icceva āgacchati. Svāyaṃ <a name="P4.0225"></a> pūritacakkavattivattānaṃ cakkavattīnaṃ sutte vuttanayeneva cintayantānaṃ āgacchati, na itaresaṃ. Sayameva pakatimaṅgalahatthiṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā maṅgalahatthiṃ apanetvā tattha tiṭṭhati. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… nāgarājā</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtaṃ pana taṃ hatthiratanaṃ disvā hatthigopakādayo haṭṭhatuṭṭhā vegena gantvā rañño ārocenti. Rājā turitaturitaṃ āgantvā taṃ disvā pasannacitto ‘‘bhaddakaṃ vata bho hatthiyānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’’ti cintayanto hatthaṃ pasāreti. Atha so gharadhenuvacchako viya kaṇṇe olambetvā sūratabhāvaṃ dassento rājānaṃ upasaṅkamati, rājā taṃ abhiruhitukāmo hoti. Athassa <a name="V4.0165"></a> parijanā adhippāyaṃ ñatvā taṃ hatthiratanaṃ sovaṇṇaddhajaṃ sovaṇṇālaṅkāraṃ hemajālapaṭicchannaṃ katvā upanenti. Rājā taṃ anisīdāpetvāva sattaratanamayāya nisseṇiyā abhiruyha ākāsaṃ gamananinnacitto hoti. Tassa saha cittuppādeneva so hatthirājā rājahaṃso viya indanīlamaṇippabhājālanīlagaganatalaṃ abhilaṅghati, tato cakkacārikāya vuttanayeneva <a name="M4.0160"></a> sakalarājaparisā. Iti sapariso rājā antopātarāseyeva sakalapathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā rājadhāniṃ paccāgacchati, evaṃ mahiddhikaṃ cakkavattino <span class="bld">hatthiratanaṃ</span> hoti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">disvāna rañño cakkavattissa…pe… evarūpaṃ hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Assaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtahatthiratanassa pana cakkavattino parisā pakatimaṅgalaassaṭṭhānaṃ sucisamatalaṃ kāretvā alaṅkaritvā ca purimanayeneva rañño tassa āgamanacintanatthaṃ ussāhaṃ janenti. So purimanayeneva katadānasakkāro <a name="P4.0226"></a> samādinnasīlova pāsādatale nisinno puññasampattiṃ samanussarati, athassa puññānubhāvacodito sindhavakulato vijjullatāvinaddhasaradakālasetavalāhakarāsisassiriko rattapādo rattatuṇḍo candappabhāpuñjasadisasuddhasiniddhaghanasaṅghātasarīro kākagīvā viya indanīlamaṇi viya ca kāḷavaṇṇena sīsena samannāgatattā <span class="bld">kāḷasīso</span> suṭṭhu kappetvā ṭhapitehi viya muñjasadisehi saṇhavaṭṭaujugatigatehi kesehi samannāgatattā <span class="bld">muñjakeso vehāsaṅgamo</span> valāhako nāma assarājā āgantvā tasmiṃ ṭhāne patiṭṭhāti. Sesaṃ sabbaṃ hatthiratane vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Evarūpaṃ <span class="bld">assaratanaṃ</span> sandhāya bhagavā <span class="bld">puna capara</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="subhead">Maṇiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtaassaratanassa pana rañño cakkavattissa catuhatthāyāmaṃ sakaṭanābhisamappamāṇaṃ ubhosu antesu kaṇṇikapariyantato viniggatasuparisuddhamuttākalāpehi dvīhi kañcanapadumehi alaṅkataṃ caturāsītimaṇisahassaparivāraṃ tārāgaṇaparivutassa puṇṇacandassa siriṃ paṭippharamānaṃ viya vepullapabbatato <span class="bld">maṇiratanaṃ</span> āgacchati. Tassevaṃ āgatassa muttājālake <a name="V4.0166"></a> ṭhapetvā veḷuparamparāya saṭṭhihatthappamāṇaṃ ākāsaṃ āropitassa rattibhāge samantā yojanappamāṇaṃ okāsaṃ ābhā pharati, yāya sabbo so okāso aruṇuggamanavelā viya sañjātāloko hoti. Tato kassakā kasikammaṃ, vāṇijā āpaṇugghāṭanaṃ<a name="M4.0161"></a>, te <a name="P4.0227"></a> te ca sippino taṃ taṃ kammantaṃ payojenti divāti maññamānā. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Itthiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtamaṇiratanassa pana cakkavattissa visayasukhavisesakāraṇaṃ <span class="bld">itthiratanaṃ</span> pātubhavati. Maddarājakulato vā hissa aggamahesiṃ ānenti, uttarakuruto vā puññānubhāvena sayaṃ āgacchati. Avasesā panassā sampatti ‘‘puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati abhirūpā dassanīyā’’tiādinā nayena pāḷiyaṃyeva āgatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha saṇṭhānapāripūriyā adhikaṃ rūpaṃ assāti <span class="bld">abhirūpā</span>. Dissamānā ca cakkhūni pīṇayati, tasmā aññaṃ kiccavikkhepaṃ hitvāpi daṭṭhabbāti <span class="bld">dassanīyā</span>. Dissamānā ca somanassavasena cittaṃ pasādetīti <span class="bld">pāsādikā. Paramāyā</span>ti evaṃ pasādāvahattā uttamāya. <span class="bld">Vaṇṇapokkharatāyā</span>ti vaṇṇasundaratāya. <span class="bld">Samannāgatā</span>ti upetā. <span class="bld">Abhirūpā</span> vā yasmā nātidīghā nātirassā <span class="bld">dassanīyā</span> yasmā nātikisā nātithūlā, <span class="bld">pāsādikā</span> yasmā nātikāḷikā naccodātā. <span class="bld">Paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā</span> yasmā atikkantā mānusaṃ vaṇṇaṃ appattā dibbavaṇṇaṃ. Manussānañhi vaṇṇābhā bahi na niccharati, devānaṃ atidūraṃ niccharati, tassā pana dvādasahatthappamāṇaṃ padesaṃ sarīrābhā obhāseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nātidīghādīsu cassā paṭhamayugaḷena ārohasampatti, dutiyayugaḷena pariṇāhasampatti, tatiyayugaḷena vaṇṇasampatti vuttā. Chahi vāpi etehi kāyavipattiyā abhāvo, atikkantā mānusaṃ vaṇṇanti iminā kāyasampatti vuttā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā</span>ti sappimaṇḍe pakkhipitvā <a name="P4.0228"></a> ṭhapitassa satavihatassa tūlapicuno <a name="V4.0167"></a> vā satavihatassa kappāsapicuno vā kāyasamphasso hoti. <span class="bld">Sīte</span>ti rañño sītakāle. <span class="bld">Uṇhe</span>ti rañño uṇhakāle. <span class="bld">Candanagandho</span>ti niccakālameva supisitassa abhinavassa catujjātisamāyojitassa haricandanassa gandho kāyato vāyati. <span class="bld">Uppalagandho</span>ti hasitakathitakālesu mukhato nikkhanto taṅkhaṇaṃ vikasitasseva nīluppalassa atisurabhigandho vāyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M4.0162"></a> rūpasamphassagandhasampattiyuttāya panassā sarīrasampattiyā anurūpaṃ ācāraṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">taṃ kho panā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha rājānaṃ disvā nisinnāsanato aggidaḍḍhā viya paṭhamameva uṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">pubbuṭṭhāyinī</span>. Tasmiṃ nisinne tassa rañño tālavaṇṭena bījanādikiccaṃ katvā pacchā nipatati nisīdatīti <span class="bld">pacchānipātinī</span>. Kiṃ karomi devāti tassa kiṃkāraṃ paṭissāvetīti <span class="bld">kiṃkārapaṭissāvinī</span>. Rañño manāpameva carati karotīti <span class="bld">manāpacārinī</span>. Yaṃ rañño piyaṃ, tadeva vadatīti <span class="bld">piyavādinī</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni svāssā ācāro bhāvasuddhiyā eva, na sāṭheyyenāti dassetuṃ <span class="bld">taṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">no aticaratī</span>ti na atikkamitvā carati, aññaṃ purisaṃ cittenapi na patthetīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha ye tassā ādimhi ‘‘abhirūpā’’tiādayo ante ‘‘pubbuṭṭhāyinī’’tiādayo guṇā vuttā, te pakatiguṇā eva ‘‘atikkantā <a name="P4.0229"></a> mānusaṃ vaṇṇa’’ntiādayo pana cakkavattino puññaṃ upanissāya cakkaratanapātubhāvato paṭṭhāya purimakammānubhāvena nibbattantīti veditabbā. Abhirūpatādikāpi vā cakkaratanapātubhāvato paṭṭhāya sabbākārapāripūrā jātā. Tenāha <span class="bld">evarūpaṃ itthiratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Gahapatiratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtaitthiratanassa pana rañño cakkavattissa dhanakaraṇīyānaṃ kiccānaṃ yathāsukhappavattanatthaṃ <span class="bld">gahapatiratanaṃ</span> pātubhavati. So pakatiyāva mahābhogo mahābhogakule jāto rañño dhanarāsivaḍḍhako seṭṭhi gahapati hoti, cakkaratanānubhāvasahitaṃ panassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pātubhavati, yena antopathaviyaṃ yojanabbhantare nidhiṃ passati. So taṃ sampattiṃ disvā <a name="V4.0168"></a> tuṭṭhahadayo gantvā rājānaṃ dhanena pavāretvā sabbāni dhanakaraṇīyāni sampādeti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… evarūpaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Pariṇāyakaratanavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ pātubhūtagahapatiratanassa pana rañño cakkavattissa sabbakiccasaṃvidhānasamatthaṃ <span class="bld">pariṇāyakaratanaṃ</span> pātubhavati. So rañño jeṭṭhaputtova hoti<a name="M4.0163"></a>. Pakatiyā eva paṇḍito byatto medhāvī, rañño puññānubhāvaṃ nissāya panassa attano kammānubhāvena paracittañāṇaṃ uppajjati. Yena dvādasayojanāya rājaparisāya cittācāraṃ ñatvā rañño ahite hite ca vavatthapetuṃ samattho hoti. Sopi taṃ attano ānubhāvaṃ disvā tuṭṭhahadayo rājānaṃ sabbakiccānusāsanena pavāreti. Tena vuttaṃ <span class="bld">puna caparaṃ…pe… pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavatī</span>ti. Tattha <a name="P4.0230"></a> <span class="bld">ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetu</span>nti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ṭhānantare ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para259"></a><a name="para259_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">259</span>. <span class="bld">Samavepākiniyā</span>tiādi heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para260"></a><a name="para260_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">260</span>. <span class="bld">Kaṭaggahenā</span>ti jayaggāhena. <span class="bld">Mahantaṃ bhogakkhandha</span>nti ekappahāreneva dve vā tīṇi vā satasahassāni. <span class="bld">Kevalā paripūrā paṇḍitabhūmī</span>ti paṇḍito tīṇi sucaritāni pūretvā sagge nibbattati, tato manussalokaṃ āgacchanto kularūpabhogasampattiyaṃ nibbattati, tattha ṭhito tīṇi ca sucaritāni pūretvā puna sagge nibbattatīti ayaṃ sakalā paripuṇṇā paṇḍitabhūmi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Bālapaṇḍitasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Devadūtasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para261"></a><a name="para261_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">261</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0169"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti devadūtasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">dve agārā</span>tiādi assapurasutte vitthāritameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para262"></a><a name="para262_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">262</span>. <span class="bld">Nirayaṃ upapannā</span>ti bhagavā katthaci nirayato paṭṭhāya desanaṃ devalokena osāpeti, katthaci devalokato paṭṭhāya nirayena osāpeti. Sace saggasampattiṃ vitthāretvā kathetukāmo hoti, nirayadukkhaṃ ekadesato katheti, tiracchānayonidukkhaṃ pettivisayadukkhaṃ manussalokasampattiṃ ekadesato katheti, saggasampattimeva vitthāreti. Sace nirayadukkhaṃ vitthāretvā kathetukāmo hoti, devalokamanussalokesu <a name="M4.0164"></a> sampattiṃ tiracchānayonipettivisayesu ca dukkhaṃ ekadesato katheti, nirayadukkhameva vitthāreti. So imasmiṃ sutte nirayadukkhaṃ vitthāretukāmo, tasmā devalokato <a name="P4.0231"></a> paṭṭhāya desanaṃ nirayena osāpeti. Devalokamanussalokasampattiyo tiracchānayonipettivisayadukkhāni ca ekadesato kathetvā nirayadukkhameva vitthārena kathetuṃ <span class="bld">tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ekacce therā <span class="bld">‘‘nirayapālā</span> nāma natthi, yantarūpaṃ viya kammameva kāraṇaṃ kāretī’’ti vadanti. Tesaṃ taṃ ‘‘atthi niraye nirayapālāti, āmantā, atthi ca kāraṇikā’’tiādinā nayena abhidhamme (kathā. 866) paṭisedhitameva. Yathā hi manussaloke kammakāraṇakārakā atthi, evameva niraye nirayapālā atthīti. <span class="bld">Yamassa rañño</span>ti yamarājā nāma vemānikapetarājā, ekasmiṃ kāle dibbavimāne dibbakapparukkhadibbauyyānadibbanāṭakādisampattiṃ anubhavati, ekasmiṃ kāle kammavipākaṃ, dhammiko rājā. Na cesa ekova hoti, catūsu pana dvāresu cattāro janā honti. <span class="bld">Nāddasa</span>nti attano santike pesitassa kassaci devadūtassa abhāvaṃ sandhāya evaṃ vadati. Atha naṃ yamo ‘‘nāyaṃ bhāsitassa atthaṃ sallakkhetī’’ti ñatvā sallakkhāpetukāmo <span class="bld">ambho</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jātidhammo</span>ti <a name="V4.0170"></a> jātisabhāvo, aparimutto jātiyā, jāti nāma mayhaṃ abbhantareyeva atthīti. Parato <span class="bld">jarādhammo</span>tiādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para263"></a><a name="para263_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">263</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭhamaṃ devadūtaṃ samanuyuñjitvā</span>ti ettha daharakumāro atthato evaṃ vadati nāma ‘‘passatha, bho, mayhampi tumhākaṃ viya hatthapādā atthi, sake panamhi muttakarīse palipanno, attano dhammatāya uṭṭhahitvā nhāyituṃ <a name="P4.0232"></a> na sakkomi, ahaṃ kiliṭṭhagattomhi, nhāpetha manti vattumpi na sakkomi, jātitomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto. Na kho panāhameva, tumhepi jātito aparimuttāva. Yatheva hi mayhaṃ, evaṃ tumhākampi jāti āgamissati, iti tassā pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto, vacanattho pana maghadevasutte vuttova.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiyaṃ</span> <a name="M4.0165"></a> <span class="bld">devadūta</span>nti etthāpi jarājiṇṇasatto atthato evaṃ vadati nāma – ‘‘passatha, bho, ahampi tumhe viya taruṇo ahosiṃ ūrubalabāhubalajavanasampanno, tassa me tā balajavanasampattiyo antarahitā, vijjamānāpi me hatthapādā hatthapādakiccaṃ na karonti, jarāyamhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto. Na kho panāhameva, tumhepi jarāya aparimuttāva. Yatheva hi mayhaṃ, evaṃ tumhākampi jarā āgamissati, iti tassā pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatiyaṃ devadūta</span>nti etthāpi gilānasatto atthato eva vadati nāma – ‘‘passatha, bho, ahampi tumhe viya nirogo ahosiṃ, somhi etarahi byādhinā abhihato sake muttakarīse palipanno, uṭṭhātumpi na sakkomi, vijjamānāpi me hatthapādā hatthapādakiccaṃ na karonti, byādhitomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto. Na kho panāhameva, tumhepi byādhito aparimuttāva. Yatheva hi mayhaṃ, evaṃ tumhākaṃ byādhi āgamissati, iti tassa pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para265"></a><a name="para265_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">265</span>. <span class="bld">Catutthaṃ devadūta</span>nti ettha pana kammakāraṇā vā <a name="P4.0233"></a> devadūtāti kātabbā kammakāraṇikā vā. Tattha pana kammakāraṇapakkhe bāttiṃsa tāva kammakāraṇā atthato evaṃ vadanti <a name="V4.0171"></a> nāma – ‘‘mayaṃ nibbattamānā na rukkhe vā pāsāṇe vā nibbattāma, tumhādisānaṃ sarīre nibbattāma, iti amhākaṃ pure nibbattitova kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenete devadūtā nāma jātā. Kammakāraṇikāpi atthato evaṃ vadanti nāma – ‘‘mayaṃ dvattiṃsa kammakāraṇā karontā na rukkhādīsu karoma, tumhādisesu sattesuyeva karoma, iti amhākaṃ tumhesu pure kammakāraṇākaraṇatova kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenetepi devadūtā nāma jātā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para266"></a><a name="para266_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">266</span>. <span class="bld">Pañcamaṃ devadūta</span>nti ettha matakasatto atthato evaṃ vadati nāma – ‘‘passatha bho maṃ āmakasusāne chaḍḍitaṃ uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ pattaṃ, maraṇatomhi aparimuttatāya ediso jāto. Na kho panāhameva, tumhepi <a name="M4.0166"></a> maraṇato aparimuttāva. Yatheva hi mayhaṃ, evaṃ tumhākampi maraṇaṃ āgamissati, iti tassa pure āgamanāva kalyāṇaṃ karothā’’ti. Tenesa devadūto nāma jāto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imaṃ pana devadūtānuyogaṃ ko labhati, ko na labhatīti? Yena tāva bahuṃ pāpaṃ kataṃ, so gantvā niraye nibbattatiyeva. Yena pana parittaṃ pāpakammaṃ kataṃ, so labhati. Yathā hi sabhaṇḍaṃ coraṃ gahetvā kattabbameva karonti, na vinicchinanti. Anuvijjitvā gahitaṃ pana vinicchayaṭṭhānaṃ nayanti, so vinicchayaṃ labhati. Evaṃsampadametaṃ. Parittapāpakammā <a name="P4.0234"></a> hi attano dhammatāyapi saranti, sāriyamānāpi saranti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha dīghajayantadamiḷo nāma attano dhammatāya sari. So kira damiḷo sumanagirivihāre ākāsacetiyaṃ rattapaṭena pūjesi. Atha niraye ussadasāmante nibbatto aggijālasaddaṃ sutvāva attano pūjitapaṭaṃ anussari, so gantvā sagge nibbatto. Aparopi puttassa daharabhikkhuno khalisāṭakaṃ dento pādamūle ṭhapesi, maraṇakālamhi paṭapaṭāti sadde nimittaṃ gaṇhi, sopi ussadasāmante nibbatto jālasaddena taṃ sāṭakaṃ anussaritvā sagge nibbatto. Evaṃ tāva attano dhammatāya kusalaṃ kammaṃ saritvā sagge nibbattatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Attano dhammatāya asarante pana pañca devadūte pucchati. Tattha koci paṭhamena devadūtena sarati, koci dutiyādīhi. Yo pana pañcahipi na sarati, taṃ yamo rājā sayaṃ sāreti. Eko <a name="V4.0172"></a> kira amacco sumanapupphakumbhena mahācetiyaṃ pūjetvā yamassa pattiṃ adāsi, taṃ akusalakammena niraye nibbattaṃ yamassa santikaṃ nayiṃsu. Tasmiṃ pañcahipi devadūtehi kusale asarante yamo sayaṃ olokento disvā – ‘‘nanu tvaṃ mahācetiyaṃ sumanapupphakumbhena pūjetvā mayhaṃ pattiṃ adāsī’’ti sāresi, so tasmiṃ kāle saritvā devalokaṃ gato. Yamo pana sayaṃ oloketvāpi apassanto – ‘‘mahādukkhaṃ nāma anubhavissati ayaṃ satto’’ti tuṇhī hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para267"></a><a name="para267_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">267</span>. <span class="bld">Mahāniraye</span>ti avīcimahānirayamhi. Kiṃ panassa pamāṇaṃ? Abbhantaraṃ āyāmena ca vitthārena ca yojanasataṃ hoti. Lohapathavī lohachadanaṃ ekekā ca bhitti <a name="P4.0235"></a> navanavayojanikā hoti. Puratthimāya bhittiyā <a name="M4.0167"></a> acci uṭṭhitā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ gahetvā taṃ vinivijjhitvā parato yojanasataṃ gacchati. Sesadisāsupi eseva nayo. Iti jālapariyantavasena āyāmavitthārato aṭṭhārasayojanādhikāni tīṇi yojanasatāni, parikkhepato pana navayojanasatāni catupaṇṇāsayojanāni, samantā pana ussadehi saddhiṃ dasayojanasahassaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para268"></a><a name="para268_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">268</span>. <span class="bld">Ubbhataṃ tādisameva hotī</span>ti ettha akkantapadaṃ yāva aṭṭhito daḷhaṃ uddharitumeva na sakkā. Ayaṃ panettha attho – heṭṭhato paṭṭhāya ḍayhati, uparito paṭṭhāya jhāyati, iti akkamanakāle ḍayhamānaṃ paññāyati, uddharaṇakāle tādisameva, tasmā evaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Bahusampatto</span>ti bahūni vassasatavassasahassāni sampatto.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā panesa narako avīcīti saṅkhaṃ gatoti. Vīci nāma antaraṃ vuccati, tattha ca aggijālānaṃ vā sattānaṃ vā dukkhassa vā antaraṃ natthi. Tasmā so avīcīti saṅkhaṃ gatoti. Tassa hi puratthimabhittito jālā uṭṭhitā saṃsibbamānā yojanasataṃ gantvā pacchimabhittiṃ vinivijjhitvā parato yojanasataṃ gacchati. Sesadisāsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesaṃ channaṃ jālānaṃ majjhe nibbatto devadatto, tassa yojanasatappamāṇo attabhāvo, dve pādā yāva gopphakā lohapathaviṃ paviṭṭhā, dve hatthā yāva maṇibandhā lohabhittiyo paviṭṭhā, sīsaṃ yāva bhamukaṭṭhito lohachadane paviṭṭhaṃ, adhobhāgena ekaṃ lohasūlaṃ pavisitvā kāyaṃ vinivijjhantaṃ <a name="V4.0173"></a> chadane paviṭṭhaṃ, pācīnabhittito nikkhantasūlaṃ hadayaṃ vinivijjhitvā pacchimabhittiṃ paviṭṭhaṃ<a name="P4.0236"></a>, uttarabhittito nikkhantasūlaṃ phāsukā vinivijjhitvā dakkhiṇabhittiṃ paviṭṭhaṃ. Niccale tathāgatamhi aparaddhattā niccalova hutvā paccatīti kammasarikkhatāya ediso jāto. Evaṃ jālānaṃ nirantaratāya avīci nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Abbhantare panassa yojanasatike ṭhāne nāḷiyaṃ koṭṭetvā pūritapiṭṭhaṃ viya sattā nirantarā, ‘‘imasmiṃ ṭhāne satto atthi, imasmiṃ natthī’’ti na vattabbaṃ, gacchantānaṃ ṭhitānaṃ nisinnānaṃ nipannānaṃ anto natthi, gacchante vā ṭhite vā nisinne vā nipanne vā aññamaññaṃ na bādhanti. Evaṃ sattānaṃ nirantaratāya avīci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāyadvāre <a name="M4.0168"></a> pana cha upekkhāsahagatāni cittāni uppajjanti, ekaṃ dukkhasahagataṃ. Evaṃ santepi yathā jivhagge cha madhubindūni ṭhapetvā ekasmiṃ tambalohabindumhi ṭhapite anudahanabalavatāya tadeva paññāyati, itarāni abbohārikāni honti, evaṃ anudahanabalavatāya dukkhamevettha nirantaraṃ, itarāni abbohārikānīti. Evaṃ dukkhassa nirantaratāya avīci.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para269"></a><a name="para269_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">269</span>. <span class="bld">Mahanto</span>ti yojanasatiko. <span class="bld">So tattha patatī</span>ti eko pādo mahāniraye hoti, eko gūthaniraye nipatati. <span class="bld">Sūcimukhā</span>ti sūcisadisamukhā, te hatthigīvappamāṇā ekadoṇikanāvāppamāṇā vā honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kukkulanirayo</span>ti yojanasatappamāṇova anto kūṭāgāramattavitaccitaaṅgārapuṇṇo ādittachārikanirayo, yattha <a name="P4.0237"></a> patitapatitā kudrūsakarāsimhi khittaphālavāsisilādīni viya heṭṭhimatalameva gaṇhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Āropentī</span>ti ayadaṇḍehi pothentā āropenti. Tesaṃ ārohanakāle te kaṇṭakā adhomukhā honti, orohanakāle uddhaṃmukhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vāteritānī</span>ti <a name="V4.0174"></a> kammamayena vātena calitāni. <span class="bld">Hatthampi chindantī</span>ti phalake maṃsaṃ viya koṭṭayamānāni chindanti. Sace uṭṭhāya palāyati, ayopākāro samuṭṭhahitvā parikkhipati, heṭṭhā khuradhārā samuṭṭhāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Khārodakā nadī</span>ti vetaraṇī nāma tambalohanadī. Tattha ayomayāni kharavālika-pokkharapattāni, heṭṭhā khuradhārā ubhosu tīresu vettalatā ca kusatiṇāni ca. <span class="bld">So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā</span>ti so tattha uddhañca adho ca vuyhamāno pokkharapattesu chijjati. Siṅghāṭakasaṇṭhānāya kharavālikāya kaṇṭakehi vijjhiyati, khuradhārāhi phāliyati, ubhosu tīresu kusatiṇehi vilekhati, vettalatāhi ākaḍḍhiyati, tikkhasattīhi phāliyati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para270"></a><a name="para270_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">270</span>. <span class="bld">Tattena</span> <a name="M4.0169"></a> <span class="bld">ayosaṅkunā</span>ti tena jigacchitomhīti <a name="P4.0238"></a> vutte mahantaṃ lohapacchiṃ lohaguḷānaṃ pūretvā taṃ upagacchanti, so lohaguḷabhāvaṃ ñatvā dante samphuseti, athassa te tattena ayosaṅkunā mukhaṃ vivaranti, tambalohadhārehi mahantena lohakaṭāhena tambalohaṃ upanetvā evamevaṃ karonti. Puna <span class="bld">mahāniraye</span>ti evaṃ pañcavidhabandhanato paṭṭhāya yāva tambalohapānā tambalohapānato paṭṭhāya puna pañcavidhabandhanādīni kāretvā mahāniraye pakkhipanti. Tattha koci pañcavidhabandhaneneva muccati, koci dutiyena, koci tatiyena, koci tambalohapānena muccati, kamme pana aparikkhīṇe puna mahāniraye pakkhipanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idaṃ pana suttaṃ gaṇhanto eko daharabhikkhu, – ‘‘bhante, ettakaṃ dukkhamanubhavitasattaṃ punapi mahāniraye pakkhipantī’’ti āha. Āma, āvuso, kamme aparikkhīṇe punappunaṃ evaṃ karontīti. Tiṭṭhatu, bhante, uddeso, kammaṭṭhānameva kathethāti kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā sotāpanno hutvā āgamma uddesaṃ aggahesi. Aññesampi imasmiṃ padese uddesaṃ ṭhapetvā arahattaṃ pattānaṃ gaṇanā natthi. Sabbabuddhānañcetaṃ suttaṃ avijahitameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para271"></a><a name="para271_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">271</span>. <span class="bld">Hīnakāyūpagā</span>ti hīnakāyaṃ upagatā hutvā. <span class="bld">Upādāne</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhigahaṇe. <span class="bld">Jātimaraṇasambhave</span>ti jātiyā ca maraṇassa ca kāraṇabhūte. <span class="bld">Anupādā</span>ti catūhi upādānehi anupādiyitvā. <span class="bld">Jātimaraṇasaṅkhaye</span>ti jātimaraṇasaṅkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne vimuccanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Diṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā</span>ti <a name="V4.0175"></a><a name="P4.0239"></a> diṭṭhadhamme imasmiṃyeva attabhāve sabbakilesanibbānena nibbutā. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhaṃ upaccagu</span>nti sabbadukkhātikkantā nāma honti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Devadūtasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<a name="mn3_4"></a>
<p class="chapter">4. Vibhaṅgavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Bhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para272"></a><a name="para272_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">272</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0176"></a><a name="P5.0001"></a><a name="M4.0170"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti bhaddekarattasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bhaddekarattassā</span>ti vipassanānuyogasamannāgatattā bhaddakassa ekarattassa. <span class="bld">Uddesa</span>nti mātikaṃ. <span class="bld">Vibhaṅga</span>nti vitthārabhājanīyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atīta</span>nti atīte pañcakkhandhe. <span class="bld">Nānvāgameyyā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi nānugaccheyya. <span class="bld">Nappaṭikaṅkhe</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi na pattheyya. <span class="bld">Yadatīta</span>nti idamettha kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā yaṃ atītaṃ, taṃ pahīnaṃ niruddhaṃ atthaṅgataṃ, tasmā taṃ puna nānugaccheyya. Yasmā ca yaṃ anāgataṃ, taṃ appattaṃ ajātaṃ anibbattaṃ, tasmā tampi na pattheyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha tatthā</span>ti paccuppannampi dhammaṃ yattha yattheva uppanno, tattha tattheva ca naṃ aniccānupassanādīhi sattahi anupassanāhi yo vipassati araññādīsu vā tattha tattheva vipassati. <span class="bld">Asaṃhīraṃ</span> <a name="P5.0002"></a> <span class="bld">asaṃkuppa</span>nti idaṃ vipassanāpaṭivipassanādassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Vipassanā hi rāgādīhi na saṃhīrati na saṃkuppatīti asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ, taṃ anubrūhaye vaḍḍheyya, paṭivipasseyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā nibbānaṃ rāgādīhi na saṃhīrati na saṃkuppatīti asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppaṃ. Taṃ <span class="bld">vidvā</span> paṇḍito bhikkhu anubrūhaye, punappunaṃ tadārammaṇaṃ taṃ taṃ phalasamāpattiṃ appento vaḍḍheyyāti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tassa pana anubrūhantassa atthāya – <span class="bld">ajjeva kiccamātappa</span>nti kilesānaṃ ātāpanaparitāpanena ātappanti laddhanāmaṃ vīriyaṃ ajjeva kātabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Ko jaññā maraṇaṃ suve</span>ti <a name="V4.0177"></a> sve jīvitaṃ vā maraṇaṃ vā ko jānāti. Ajjeva dānaṃ vā dassāmi, sīlaṃ vā rakkhissāmi, aññataraṃ vā pana kusalaṃ karissāmīti hi ‘‘ajja tāva papañco atthi, sve vā punadivase vā karissāmī’’ti cittaṃ anuppādetvā ajjeva karissāmīti evaṃ vīriyaṃ kātabbanti dasseti. <span class="bld">Mahāsenenā</span>ti aggivisasatthādīni anekāni maraṇakāraṇāni tassa senā, tāya mahatiyā senāya vasena mahāsenena evarūpena maccunā saddhiṃ ‘‘katipāhaṃ tāva āgamehi yāvāhaṃ buddhapūjādiṃ attano avassayakammaṃ karomī’’ti<a name="M4.0171"></a>. Evaṃ mittasanthavākārasaṅkhāto vā, ‘‘idaṃ sataṃ vā sahassaṃ vā gahetvā katipāhaṃ āgamehī’’ti evaṃ lañjānuppadānasaṅkhāto vā, ‘‘imināhaṃ balarāsinā paṭibāhissāmī’’ti evaṃ balarāsisaṅkhāto vā saṅgaro natthi. <span class="bld">Saṅgaro</span>ti hi mittasanthavākāralañjānuppadānabalarāsīnaṃ <a name="P5.0003"></a> nāmaṃ, tasmā ayamattho vutto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atandita</span>nti analasaṃ uṭṭhāhakaṃ. Evaṃ paṭipannattā bhaddo ekaratto assāti <span class="bld">bhaddekaratto</span>. Iti taṃ evaṃ paṭipannapuggalaṃ ‘‘bhaddekaratto aya’’nti. Rāgādīnaṃ santatāya <span class="bld">santo buddhamuni</span> ācikkhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para273"></a><a name="para273_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">273</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃrūpo</span>tiādīsu kāḷopi samāno indanīlamaṇivaṇṇo ahosinti evaṃ manuññarūpavaseneva evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ. Kusalasukhasomanassavedanāvaseneva evaṃvedano. Taṃsampayuttānaṃyeva saññādīnaṃ vasena evaṃsañño evaṃsaṅkhāro evaṃviññāṇo ahosiṃ atītamaddhānanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tattha nandiṃ samanvānetī</span>ti tesu rūpādīsu taṇhaṃ samanvāneti anupavatteti. Hīnarūpādivasena pana evaṃrūpo ahosiṃ…pe… evaṃviññāṇo ahosinti na maññati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Nandiṃ na samanvānetī</span>ti taṇhaṃ vā taṇhāsampayuttadiṭṭhiṃ vā nānupavattayati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para274"></a><a name="para274_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">274</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃrūpo siya</span>ntiādīsupi taṃmanuññarūpādivaseneva taṇhādiṭṭhipavattasaṅkhātā nandisamanvānayanāva veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para275"></a><a name="para275_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">275</span>. <span class="bld">Kathañca</span><a name="V4.0178"></a>, <span class="bld">bhikkhave, paccuppannesu dhammesu saṃhīratī</span>ti idaṃ ‘‘paccuppannañca yo dhammaṃ, tattha tattha vipassati. Asaṃhīraṃ asaṃkuppa’’nti uddesassa niddesatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Kāmañcettha ‘‘kathañca, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ dhammaṃ <a name="P5.0004"></a> na vipassatī’’tiādi vattabbaṃ siyā, yasmā pana asaṃhīrāti ca asaṃkuppāti ca vipassanā vuttā, tasmā tassā eva abhāvañca bhāvañca dassetuṃ saṃhīratīti mātikaṃ uddharitvā vitthāro vutto. Tattha <span class="bld">saṃhīratī</span>ti vipassanāya abhāvato taṇhādiṭṭhīhi <a name="M4.0172"></a> ākaḍḍhiyati. <span class="bld">Na saṃhīratī</span>ti vipassanāya bhāvena taṇhādiṭṭhīhi nākaḍḍhiyati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Bhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Ānandabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para276"></a><a name="para276_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">276</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0179"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti ānandabhaddekarattasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito</span>ti phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhito. <span class="bld">Ko nu kho, bhikkhave</span>ti jānantova kathāsamuṭṭhāpanatthaṃ pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para278"></a><a name="para278_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">278</span>. <span class="bld">Sādhu sādhū</span>ti therassa sādhukāramadāsi. <span class="bld">Sādhu kho tva</span>nti parimaṇḍalehi padabyañjanehi parisuddhehi kathitattā desanaṃ pasaṃsanto āha. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Ānandabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para279"></a><a name="para279_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">279</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0180"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tapodārāme</span>ti tattodakassa rahadassa vasena evaṃladdhanāme ārāme. Vebhārapabbatassa <a name="P5.0005"></a> kira heṭṭhā bhūmaṭṭhakanāgānaṃ pañcayojanasatikaṃ nāgabhavanaṃ devalokasadisaṃ maṇimayena talena ārāmauyyānehi ca samannāgataṃ, tattha nāgānaṃ kīḷanaṭṭhāne mahāudakarahado, tato tapodā nāma nadī sandati kuthitā uṇhodakā. Kasmā panesā edisā jātā? Rājagahaṃ kira parivāretvā mahā petaloko, tattha dvinnaṃ mahālohakumbhinirayānaṃ antarena ayaṃ tapodā āgacchati, tasmā sā kuthitā sandati. Vuttampi cetaṃ – ‘‘yatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, tapodā sandati, so daho acchodako sītodako sātodako setodako suppatittho ramaṇīyo pahūtamacchakacchapo, cakkamattāni ca padumāni pupphanti<a name="M4.0173"></a>. Apicāyaṃ, bhikkhave, tapodā dvinnaṃ mahānirayānaṃ antarikāya āgacchati, tenāyaṃ tapodā kuthitā sandatī’’ti (pārā. 231). Imassa pana ārāmassa abhisammukhaṭṭhāne tato mahāudakarahado jāto, tassa nāmavasenāyaṃ vihāro <span class="bld">tapodārāmo</span>ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para280"></a><a name="para280_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">280</span>. <span class="bld">Samiddhī</span>ti tassa kira therassa attabhāvo samiddho abhirūpo pāsādiko, tasmā samiddhitveva saṅkhaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Ādibrahmacariyako</span>ti maggabrahmacariyassa ādi pubbabhāgappaṭipattibhūto. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vatvāna sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā</span>ti madhupiṇḍikasutte (ma. ni. 1.199 ādayo) vuttanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para282"></a><a name="para282_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">282</span>. <span class="bld">Iti me cakkhu</span>nti imasmiṃ kira sutte bhagavā dvādasāyatanavaseneva mātikaṃ ṭhapesi. Theropi ‘‘bhagavatā heṭṭhā <a name="P5.0006"></a> dvīsu, upari catutthe cāti imesu tīsu suttesu pañcakkhandhavasena mātikā ca vibhaṅgo ca kato, idha pana dvādasāyatanavaseneva vibhajanatthaṃ mātikā ṭhapitā’’ti nayaṃ paṭilabhitvā evamāha. Imaṃ pana nayaṃ labhantena therena bhāriyaṃ kataṃ, apade padaṃ dassitaṃ, ākāse padaṃ kataṃ, tena naṃ bhagavā imameva suttaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘etadaggaṃ<a name="V4.0181"></a>, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ vibhajantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahākaccāno’’ti (a. ni. 1.197) etadagge ṭhapesi. Ettha pana <span class="bld">cakkhū</span>ti cakkhupasādo. <span class="bld">Rūpā</span>ti catusamuṭṭhānikarūpā. Iminā nayena sesāyatanānipi veditabbāni. <span class="bld">Viññāṇa</span>nti nikantiviññāṇaṃ. <span class="bld">Tadabhinandatī</span>ti taṃ cakkhuñceva rūpañca taṇhādiṭṭhivasena abhinandati. <span class="bld">Anvāgametī</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi anugacchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Iti me mano ahosi atītamaddhānaṃ iti dhammā</span>ti ettha pana <span class="bld">mano</span>ti bhavaṅgacittaṃ. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti tebhūmakadhammārammaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para283"></a><a name="para283_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">283</span>. <span class="bld">Paṇidahatī</span>ti patthanāvasena ṭhapesi. <span class="bld">Paṇidhānapaccayā</span>ti patthanāṭṭhapanakāraṇā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahākaccānabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para286"></a><a name="para286_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">286</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0182"></a><a name="M4.0174"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">lomasakaṅgiyo</span>ti aṅgathero kira nāmesa, kāyassa pana īsakalomasākāratāya lomasakaṅgiyoti pākaṭo jāto. <span class="bld">Candano</span> <a name="P5.0007"></a> <span class="bld">devaputto</span>ti kassapasammāsambuddhakāle kiresa candano nāma upāsako aḍḍho mahaddhano tīṇi ratanāni catūhi paccayehi pūjetvā devaloke nibbatto, purimanāmena candano devaputtotveva saṅkhaṃ gato. <span class="bld">Paṇḍukambalasilāya</span>nti rattakambalasilāyaṃ. Tassā kira rattakambalasseva jayasumanapuppharāsi viya vaṇṇo, tasmā ‘‘paṇḍukambalasilā’’ti vuccati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kadā pana tattha bhagavā vihāsīti? Bodhipattito sattame saṃvacchare sāvatthiyaṃ āsāḷhīmāsapuṇṇamāya dvādasayojanāya parisāya majjhe yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ katvā oruyha kaṇḍambamūle paññattavarabuddhāsane nisīditvā dhammadesanāya mahājanaṃ mahāviduggato uddharitvā buddhā nāma yasmā pāṭihāriyaṃ katvā manussapathe na vasanti, tasmā passamānasseva tassa janassa padavīkkamaṃ katvā tāvatiṃsabhavane pāricchattakamūle paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ vassaṃ upagato, tasmiṃ samaye vihāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tatra bhagavā</span>ti tatra viharanto bhagavā yebhuyyena dasahi cakkavāḷasahassehi sannipatitāhi devatāhi parivuto mātaraṃ kāyasakkhiṃ katvā <span class="bld">abhidhammapiṭakaṃ</span> kathento gambhīraṃ nipuṇaṃ tilakkhaṇāhataṃ rūpārūpaparicchedakathaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ asakkontānaṃ devānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ antarantarā bhaddekarattassa uddesañca vibhaṅgañca abhāsi. Tatrāyaṃ devaputto uggaṇhanto imā gāthā saddhiṃ vibhaṅgena uggaṇhi, devattassa pana pamādādhiṭṭhānattā dibbehi ārammaṇehi nippīḷiyamāno anupubbena suttaṃ sammuṭṭho gāthāmattameva dhāresi. Tenāha <a name="P5.0008"></a> ‘‘evaṃ kho ahaṃ bhikkhu dhāremi bhaddekarattiyo gāthā’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Uggaṇhāhi</span> <a name="V4.0183"></a><a name="M4.0175"></a> <span class="bld">tva</span>ntiādīsu tuṇhībhūto nisīditvā suṇanto uggaṇhāti nāma, vācāya sajjhāyaṃ karonto pariyāpuṇāti nāma, aññesaṃ vācento dhāreti nāma. Sesamettha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Lomasakaṅgiyabhaddekarattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Cūḷakammavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para289"></a><a name="para289_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">289</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0184"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti cūḷakammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">subho</span>ti so kira dassanīyo ahosi pāsādiko, tenassa aṅgasubhatāya subhotveva nāmaṃ akaṃsu. <span class="bld">Māṇavo</span>ti pana taṃ taruṇakāle vohariṃsu, so mahallakakālepi teneva vohārena vohariyati. <span class="bld">Todeyyaputto</span>ti todeyyassa nāma pasenadirañño purohitabrāhmaṇassa putto. So kira sāvatthiyā avidūre tudigāmo nāma atthi, tassa adhipatittā todeyyoti saṅkhaṃ gato. Mahādhano pana hoti sattāsītikoṭivibhavo paramamaccharī, ‘‘dadato bhogānaṃ aparikkhayo nāma natthī’’ti cintetvā kassaci kiñci na deti. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Añjanānaṃ khayaṃ disvā, vammikānañca sañcayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Madhūnañca samāhāraṃ, paṇḍito gharamāvase’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ adānameva sikkhāpesi. Dhuravihāre vasato sammāsambuddhassa yāguuḷuṅgamattaṃ vā bhattakaṭacchumattaṃ vā adatvā dhanalobhena kālaṃ katvā tasmiṃyeva ghare sunakho hutvā nibbatto. Subho taṃ sunakhaṃ ativiya piyāyati<a name="P5.0009"></a>, attano bhuñjanakabhattaṃyeva bhojeti, ukkhipitvā varasayane sayāpeti. Atha bhagavā ekadivasaṃ paccūsasamaye lokaṃ volokento taṃ sunakhaṃ disvā – ‘‘todeyyabrāhmaṇo dhanalobhena attanova ghare sunakho hutvā nibbatto, ajja mayi subhassa gharaṃ gate maṃ disvā sunakho bhukkāraṃ karissati, athassāhaṃ ekaṃ vacanaṃ vakkhāmi, so ‘jānāti maṃ samaṇo gotamo’ti gantvā uddhanaṭṭhāne <a name="M4.0176"></a> nipajjissati. Tatonidānaṃ subhassa mayā saddhiṃ eko kathāsallāpo bhavissati, so dhammaṃ sutvā saraṇesu patiṭṭhahissati, sunakho pana kālaṃ katvā niraye nibbattissatī’’ti imaṃ māṇavassa saraṇesu patiṭṭhānabhāvaṃ ñatvā bhagavā taṃ divasaṃ sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā ekakova gāmaṃ pavisitvā nikkhante māṇave taṃ gharaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Sunakho <a name="V4.0185"></a> bhagavantaṃ disvā bhukkāraṃ karonto bhagavato samīpaṃ gato. Tato naṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘todeyya tvaṃ pubbepi maṃ bho bhoti paribhavitvā sunakho jāto, idānipi bhukkāraṃ katvā avīciṃ gamissasī’’ti. Sunakho taṃ sutvā – ‘‘jānāti maṃ samaṇo gotamo’’ti vippaṭisārī hutvā gīvaṃ onāmetvā uddhanantare chārikāyaṃ nipanno. Manussā ukkhipitvā sayane sayāpetuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu. Subho āgantvā – ‘‘kenāyaṃ sunakho sayanā oropito’’ti āha. Manussā na kenacīti vatvā taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. Māṇavo sutvā – ‘‘mama pitā brahmaloke nibbatto, todeyyo nāma sunakho natthi. Samaṇo pana gotamo pitaraṃ sunakhaṃ karoti, yaṃkiñci esa mukhāruḷhaṃ bhāsatī’’ti kujjhitvā bhagavantaṃ musāvādena niggahetukāmo vihāraṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavāpi tassa tatheva vatvā avisaṃvādanatthaṃ āha – ‘‘atthi pana te māṇava pitarā anakkhātaṃ dhana’’nti<a name="P5.0010"></a>. Atthi, bho gotama, satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇamālā satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇapādukā satasahassagghanikā suvaṇṇapāti satasahassañca kahāpaṇanti. Gaccha taṃ sunakhaṃ appodakapāyāsaṃ bhojāpetvā sayane āropetvā īsakaṃ niddaṃ okkantakāle puccha, sabbaṃ te ācikkhissati. Atha naṃ jāneyyāsi ‘‘pitā me eso’’ti. Māṇavo – ‘‘sace saccaṃ bhavissati, dhanaṃ lacchāmi, no ce, samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ musāvādena niggaṇhissāmī’’ti dvīhipi kāraṇehi tuṭṭho gantvā tathā akāsi. Sunakho – ‘‘ñātomhi iminā’’ti roditvā huṃ hunti karonto dhananidhānaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā pādena pathaviṃ khaṇitvā saññaṃ adāsi, māṇavo dhanaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘bhavapaṭicchannaṃ nāma evaṃ sukhumaṃ paṭisandhiantaraṃ pākaṭaṃ samaṇassa gotamassa, addhā esa sabbaññū’’ti bhagavati pasannacitto cuddasa pañhe abhisaṅkhari. Aṅgavijjāpāṭhako kiresa, tenassa <a name="M4.0177"></a> etadahosi – ‘‘idaṃ dhammapaṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pañhe pucchissāmī’’ti dutiyagamanena yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, tena puṭṭhapañhe pana bhagavā ekappahāreneva vissajjento <span class="bld">kammassakā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha kammaṃ etesaṃ sakaṃ attano bhaṇḍakanti <span class="bld">kammassakā</span>. Kammassa dāyādāti <span class="bld">kammadāyādā,</span> kammaṃ etesaṃ dāyajjaṃ bhaṇḍakanti attho. Kammaṃ etesaṃ yoni kāraṇanti <span class="bld">kammayonī</span>. Kammaṃ etesaṃ bandhūti <span class="bld">kammabandhū,</span> kammañātakāti attho. Kammaṃ etesaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ patiṭṭhāti <a name="V4.0186"></a> <span class="bld">kammapaṭisaraṇā. Yadidaṃ</span> <a name="P5.0011"></a> <span class="bld">hīnappaṇītatāyā</span>ti yaṃ idaṃ ‘‘tvaṃ hīno bhava, tvaṃ paṇīto, tvaṃ appāyuko, tvaṃ dīghāyuko…pe… tvaṃ duppañño bhava, tvaṃ paññavā’’ti evaṃ hīnappaṇītatāya vibhajanaṃ, taṃ na añño koci karoti, kammameva evaṃ satte vibhajatīti attho. Na māṇavo kathitassa atthaṃ sañjānāsi, ghanadussapaṭṭenassa mukhaṃ bandhitvā madhuraṃ purato ṭhapitaṃ viya ahosi. Mānanissito kiresa paṇḍitamānī, attanā samaṃ na passati. Athassa ‘‘kiṃ samaṇo gotamo katheti, yamahaṃ jānāmi, tadeva kathetīti ayaṃ māno mā ahosī’’ti mānabhañjanatthaṃ bhagavā ‘‘āditova duppaṭivijjhaṃ katvā kathessāmi, tato ‘nāhaṃ bho gotama jānāmi, vitthārena me pākaṭaṃ katvā kathethā’ti maṃ yācissati, athassāhaṃ yācitakāle kathessāmi, evañcassa sātthakaṃ bhavissatī’’ti duppaṭivijjhaṃ katvā kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni so attano appaṭividdhabhāvaṃ pakāsento <span class="bld">na kho aha</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para290"></a><a name="para290_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">290</span>. <span class="bld">Samattenā</span>ti paripuṇṇena. <span class="bld">Samādinnenā</span>ti gahitena parāmaṭṭhena. <span class="bld">Appāyukasaṃvattanikā esā, māṇava, paṭipadā yadidaṃ pāṇātipātī</span>ti yaṃ idaṃ pāṇātipātakammaṃ, esā appāyukasaṃvattanikā paṭipadāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kathaṃ panesā appāyukataṃ karoti? Cattāri hi kammāni upapīḷakaṃ upacchedakaṃ janakaṃ upatthambhakanti. Balavakammena hi nibbattaṃ pavatte upapīḷakaṃ āgantvā <a name="M4.0178"></a> atthato evaṃ vadati nāma – ‘‘sacāhaṃ paṭhamataraṃ jāneyyaṃ, na te idha nibbattituṃ dadeyyaṃ, catūsuyeva taṃ apāyesu nibbattāpeyyaṃ. Hotu, tvaṃ yattha <a name="P5.0012"></a> katthaci nibbatta, ahaṃ upapīḷakakammaṃ nāma taṃ pīḷetvā nirojaṃ niyūsaṃ kasaṭaṃ karissāmī’’ti. Tato paṭṭhāya taṃ tādisaṃ karoti. Kiṃ karoti? Parissayaṃ upaneti, bhoge vināseti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha dārakassa mātukucchiyaṃ nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya mātu assādo vā sukhaṃ vā na hoti, mātāpitūnaṃ pīḷāva uppajjati. Evaṃ parissayaṃ upaneti. Dārakassa pana mātukucchimhi nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya gehe bhogā udakaṃ patvā loṇaṃ viya rājādīnaṃ vasena nassanti, kumbhadohanadhenuyo khīraṃ na denti, sūratā goṇā caṇḍā honti, kāṇā honti, khujjā <a name="V4.0187"></a> honti, gomaṇḍale rogo patati, dāsādayo vacanaṃ na karonti, vāpitaṃ sassaṃ na jāyati, gehagataṃ gehe, araññagataṃ araññe nassati, anupubbena ghāsacchādanamattaṃ dullabhaṃ hoti, gabbhaparihāro na hoti, vijātakāle mātuthaññaṃ chijjati, dārako parihāraṃ alabhanto pīḷito nirojo niyūso kasaṭo hoti, idaṃ <span class="bld">upapīḷakakammaṃ</span> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dīghāyukakammena pana nibbattassa upacchedakakammaṃ āgantvā āyuṃ chindati. Yathā hi puriso aṭṭhusabhagamanaṃ katvā saraṃ khipeyya tamañño dhanuto vimuttamattaṃ muggarena paharitvā tattheva pāteyya, evaṃ dīghāyukakammena nibbattassa upacchedakakammaṃ āyuṃ chindati. Kiṃ karoti? Corānaṃ aṭaviṃ paveseti, vāḷamacchodakaṃ otāreti, aññataraṃ vā pana saparissayaṭṭhānaṃ upaneti, idaṃ <span class="bld">upacchedakakammaṃ</span> nāma, ‘‘upaghātaka’’ntipi etasseva nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paṭisandhinibbattakaṃ pana kammaṃ <span class="bld">janakakammaṃ</span> nāma. Appabhogakulādīsu nibbattassa bhogasampadādikaraṇena upatthambhakakammaṃ <span class="bld">upatthambhakakammaṃ</span> <a name="P5.0013"></a> nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu catūsu purimāni dve akusalāneva, janakaṃ kusalampi akusalampi, upatthambhakaṃ kusalameva. Tattha pāṇātipātakammaṃ upacchedakakammena appāyukasaṃvattanikaṃ hoti. Pāṇātipātinā vā kataṃ kusalakammaṃ <a name="M4.0179"></a> uḷāraṃ na hoti, dīghāyukapaṭisandhiṃ janetuṃ na sakkoti. Evaṃ pāṇātipāto appāyukasaṃvattaniko hoti. Paṭisandhimeva vā niyāmetvā appāyukaṃ karoti, sanniṭṭhānacetanāya vā niraye nibbattati, pubbāparacetanāhi vuttanayena appāyuko hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dīghāyukasaṃvattanikā esā māṇava paṭipadā</span>ti ettha parittakammenapi nibbattaṃ pavatte etaṃ pāṇātipātā viratikammaṃ āgantvā atthato evaṃ vadati nāma – ‘‘sacāhaṃ paṭhamataraṃ jāneyyaṃ, na te idha nibbattituṃ dadeyyaṃ, devalokeyeva taṃ nibbattāpeyyaṃ. Hotu, tvaṃ yattha katthaci nibbatti, ahaṃ upatthambhakakammaṃ nāma thambhaṃ te karissāmī’’ti upatthambhaṃ karoti. Kiṃ karoti? Parissayaṃ nāseti, bhoge uppādeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V4.0188"></a> dārakassa mātukucchiyaṃ nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya mātāpitūnaṃ sukhameva sātameva hoti. Yepi pakatiyā manussāmanussaparissayā honti, te sabbe apagacchanti. Evaṃ parissayaṃ nāseti. Dārakassa pana mātukucchimhi nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya gehe bhogānaṃ pamāṇaṃ na hoti, nidhikumbhiyo puratopi pacchatopi gehaṃ pavaṭṭamānā pavisanti. Mātāpitaro parehi ṭhapitadhanassāpi sammukhībhāvaṃ gacchanti. Dhenuyo bahukhīrā honti, goṇā sukhasīlā honti, vappaṭṭhāne sassāni sampajjanti. Vaḍḍhiyā vā sampayuttaṃ, tāvakālikaṃ vā dinnaṃ dhanaṃ acoditā sayameva āharitvā denti, dāsādayo suvacā honti, kammantā na parihāyanti. Dārako <a name="P5.0014"></a> gabbhato paṭṭhāya parihāraṃ labhati, komārikavejjā sannihitāva honti. Gahapatikule jāto seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ, amaccakulādīsu jāto senāpatiṭṭhānādīni labhati. Evaṃ bhoge uppādeti. So aparissayo sabhogo ciraṃ jīvatīti. Evaṃ apāṇātipātakammaṃ dīghāyukasaṃvattanikaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apāṇātipātinā vā kataṃ aññampi kusalaṃ uḷāraṃ hoti, dīghāyukapaṭisandhiṃ janetuṃ sakkoti, evampi dīghāyukasaṃvattanikaṃ hoti. Paṭisandhimeva vā niyāmetvā dīghāyukaṃ karoti. Sanniṭṭhānacetanāya vā devaloke nibbattati, pubbāparacetanāhi vuttanayena dīghāyuko hoti. Iminā nayena sabbapañhavissajjanesu attho veditabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Viheṭhanakammādīnipi <a name="M4.0180"></a> hi pavatte āgantvā atthato tatheva vadamānāni viya upapīḷanena nibbhogataṃ āpādetvā paṭijagganaṃ alabhantassa roguppādanādīhi vā, viheṭhakādīhi katassa kusalassa anuḷāratāya vā, āditova paṭisandhiniyāmanena vā, vuttanayeneva pubbāparacetanāvasena vā bahvābādhatādīni karonti, apāṇātipāto viya ca aviheṭhanādīnipi appābādhatādīnīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para293"></a><a name="para293_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">293</span>. Ettha pana <span class="bld">issāmanako</span>ti issāsampayuttacitto. <span class="bld">Upadussatī</span>ti issāvaseneva upakkosanto dussati. <span class="bld">Issaṃ bandhatī</span>ti yavakalāpaṃ bandhanto viya yathā na nassati evaṃ bandhitvā viya ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Appesakkho</span>ti appaparivāro, rattiṃ khitto viya saro na paññāyati, ucchiṭṭhahattho nisīditvā udakadāyakampi na labhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para294"></a><a name="para294_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">294</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="V4.0189"></a> <span class="bld">dātā hotī</span>ti macchariyavasena na dātā hoti. <span class="bld">Tena kammenā</span>ti tena macchariyakammena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para295"></a><a name="para295_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">295</span>. <span class="bld">Abhivādetabba</span>nti <a name="P5.0015"></a> abhivādanārahaṃ buddhaṃ vā paccekabuddhaṃ vā ariyasāvakaṃ vā. <span class="bld">Paccuṭṭhātabbā</span>dīsupi eseva nayo. Imasmiṃ pana pañhavissajjane upapīḷakaupatthambhakakammāni na gahetabbāni. Na hi pavatte nīcakulinaṃ vā uccākulinaṃ vā sakkā kātuṃ, paṭisandhimeva pana niyāmetvā nīcakuliyaṃ kammaṃ nīcakule nibbatteti, uccākuliyaṃ kammaṃ uccākule.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para296"></a><a name="para296_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">296</span>. <span class="bld">Na paripucchitā hotī</span>ti ettha pana aparipucchanena niraye na nibbattati. Aparipucchako pana ‘‘idaṃ kātabbaṃ, idaṃ na kātabba’’nti na jānāti, ajānanto kātabbaṃ na karoti, akātabbaṃ karoti. Tena niraye nibbattati, itaro sagge. <span class="bld">Iti kho, māṇava…pe… yadidaṃ hīnappaṇītatāyā</span>ti satthā desanaṃ yathānusandhiṃ pāpesi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Cūḷakammavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Subhasuttantipi vuccati.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Mahākammavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para298"></a><a name="para298_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">298</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0190"></a><a name="M4.0181"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahākammavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mogha</span>nti tucchaṃ aphalaṃ. <span class="bld">Sacca</span>nti tathaṃ bhūtaṃ. Idañca etena na sammukhā sutaṃ, upālisutte (ma. ni. 2.56) pana – ‘‘manokammaṃ mahāsāvajjataraṃ paññapemi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa <a name="P5.0016"></a> pavattiyā, no tathā kāyakammaṃ no tathā vacīkamma’’nti bhagavatā vuttaṃ atthi, sā kathā titthiyānaṃ antare pākaṭā jātā, taṃ gahetvā esa vadati. <span class="bld">Atthi ca sā samāpattī</span>ti idaṃ – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bho, abhisaññānirodho hotī’’ti poṭṭhapādasutte (dī. ni. 1.406 ādayo) uppannaṃ abhisaññānirodhakathaṃ sandhāya vadati. <span class="bld">Na kiñci vediyatī</span>ti ekavedanampi na vediyati. <span class="bld">Atthi ca kho</span>ti thero nirodhasamāpattiṃ sandhāya anujānāti. <span class="bld">Parirakkhitabba</span>nti garahato mocanena rakkhitabbaṃ. Sañcetanā assa atthīti <span class="bld">sañcetanikaṃ,</span> sābhisandhikaṃ sañcetanikakammaṃ katvāti attho. <span class="bld">Dukkhaṃ so</span>ti thero ‘‘akusalameva sandhāya paribbājako pucchatī’’ti saññāya evaṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dassanampi kho aha</span>nti bhagavā caturaṅgepi andhakāre samantā yojanaṭṭhāne tilamattampi saṅkhāraṃ maṃsacakkhunāva passati, ayañca paribbājako na dūre gāvutamattabbhantare vasati, kasmā bhagavā evamāhāti? Samāgamadassanaṃ sandhāyevamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para299"></a><a name="para299_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">299</span>. <span class="bld">Udāyī</span>ti lāludāyī. <span class="bld">Taṃ dukkhasmi</span>nti sabbaṃ taṃ dukkhameva. Iti imaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ kilesadukkhaṃ saṅkhāradukkhaṃ sandhāya ‘‘sace bhāsitaṃ bhaveyya bhagavā’’ti pucchati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para300"></a><a name="para300_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">300</span>. <span class="bld">Ummaṅga</span>nti pañhāummaṅgaṃ. <span class="bld">Ummujjamāno</span>ti sīsaṃ nīharamāno. <span class="bld">Ayoniso ummujjissatī</span>ti anupāyena sīsaṃ nīharissati. Idañca pana bhagavā jānanto neva dibbacakkhunā na cetopariyañāṇena na sabbaññutañāṇena jāni, adhippāyeneva <a name="P5.0017"></a> pana aññāsi. Kathentassa hi adhippāyo nāma suvijāno hoti, kathetukāmo gīvaṃ paggaṇhāti, hanukaṃ <a name="V4.0191"></a> cāleti, mukhamassa phandati, sannisīdituṃ na sakkoti. Bhagavā tassa taṃ ākāraṃ <a name="M4.0182"></a> disvā ‘‘ayaṃ udāyī sannisīdituṃ na sakkoti, yaṃ abhūtaṃ, tadeva kathessatī’’ti oloketvāva aññāsi. <span class="bld">Ādiṃ yevā</span>tiādimhiyeva. <span class="bld">Tisso vedanā</span>ti ‘‘kiṃ so vediyatī’’ti? Pucchantena ‘‘tisso vedanā pucchāmī’’ti evaṃ vavatthapetvāva tisso vedanā pucchitā. <span class="bld">Sukhavedaniya</span>nti sukhavedanāya paccayabhūtaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha ca kāmāvacarakusalato somanassasahagatacittasampayuttā catasso cetanā, heṭṭhā tikajjhānacetanāti evaṃ paṭisandhipavattesu sukhavedanāya jananato <span class="bld">sukhavedaniyaṃ kammaṃ</span> nāma. Kāmāvacarañcettha paṭisandhiyaṃyeva ekantena sukhaṃ janeti, pavatte iṭṭhamajjhattārammaṇe adukkhamasukhampi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Akusalacetanā paṭisandhipavattesu dukkhasseva jananato <span class="bld">dukkhavedaniyaṃ kammaṃ</span> nāma. Kāyadvāre pavatteyeva cetaṃ ekantena dukkhaṃ janeti, aññattha adukkhamasukhampi, sā pana vedanā aniṭṭhāniṭṭhamajjhattesuyeva ārammaṇesu uppajjanato dukkhātveva saṅkhaṃ gatā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kāmāvacarakusalato pana upekkhāsahagatacittasampayuttā catasso cetanā, rūpāvacarakusalato catutthajjhānacetanāti evaṃ paṭisandhipavattesu tatiyavedanāya jananato <span class="bld">adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ kammaṃ</span> nāma. Ettha ca kāmāvacaraṃ paṭisandhiyaṃyeva ekantena adukkhamasukhaṃ janeti, pavatte iṭṭhārammaṇe sukhampi. Apica sukhavedaniyakammaṃ paṭisandhipavattivasena vaṭṭati, tathā adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ, <a name="P5.0018"></a> dukkhavedaniyaṃ pavattivaseneva vaṭṭati. Etassa pana vasena sabbaṃ pavattivaseneva vaṭṭati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etassa bhagavā</span>ti thero tathāgatena mahākammavibhaṅgakathanatthaṃ ālayo dassito, tathāgataṃ yācitvā mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇaṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa pākaṭaṃ karissāmīti cintetvā anusandhikusalatāya evamāha. Tattha <span class="bld">mahākammavibhaṅga</span>nti mahākammavibhajanaṃ. <span class="bld">Katame cattāro…pe… idhānanda, ekacco puggalo…pe… nirayaṃ upapajjatī</span>ti idaṃ na mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇabhājanaṃ, mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇabhājanatthāya pana mātikāṭṭhapanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para301"></a><a name="para301_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">301</span>. <span class="bld">Idhānanda</span><a name="V4.0192"></a><a name="M4.0183"></a>, <span class="bld">ekacco samaṇo vā</span>ti pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Idañhi bhagavā – ‘‘dibbacakkhukā samaṇabrāhmaṇā idaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā imaṃ paccayaṃ labhitvā idaṃ dassanaṃ gaṇhantī’’ti pakāsanatthaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">ātappa</span>ntiādīni pañcapi vīriyasseva nāmāni. <span class="bld">Cetosamādhi</span>nti dibbacakkhusamādhiṃ. <span class="bld">Passatī</span>ti ‘‘so satto kuhiṃ nibbatto’’ti olokento passati. <span class="bld">Ye aññathā</span>ti ye ‘‘dasannaṃ kusalānaṃ kammapathānaṃ pūritattā nirayaṃ upapajjatī’’ti jānanti, micchā tesaṃ ñāṇanti vadati. Iminā nayena sabbavāresu attho veditabbo. <span class="bld">Vidita</span>nti pākaṭaṃ. <span class="bld">Thāmasā</span>ti diṭṭhithāmena. <span class="bld">Parāmāsā</span>ti diṭṭhiparāmāsena. <span class="bld">Abhinivissa voharatī</span>ti adhiṭṭhahitvā ādiyitvā voharati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para302"></a><a name="para302_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">302</span>. <span class="bld">Tatrānandā</span>ti <a name="P5.0019"></a> idampi na mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇassa bhājanaṃ, atha khvāssa mātikāṭṭhapanameva. Ettha pana etesaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ vacane ettakā anuññātā, ettakā ananuññātāti idaṃ dassitaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tatrā</span>ti tesu catūsu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu. <span class="bld">Idamassā</span>ti idaṃ vacanaṃ assa. <span class="bld">Aññathā</span>ti aññenākārena. Iti imesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ vāde dvīsu ṭhānesu anuññātā, tīsu ananuññātāti evaṃ sabbattha anuññā nānuññā veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para303"></a><a name="para303_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">303</span>. Evaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ vacane anuññā ca ananuññā ca dassetvā idāni mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇaṃ vibhajanto <span class="bld">tatrānanda, yvāyaṃ puggalo</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pubbe vāssa taṃ kataṃ hotī</span>ti yaṃ iminā dibbacakkhukena kammaṃ karonto diṭṭho, tato pubbe kataṃ. Pubbe katenapi hi niraye nibbattati, pacchā katenapi nibbattati, maraṇakāle vā pana – ‘‘khando seṭṭho sivo seṭṭho, pitāmaho seṭṭho, issarādīhi vā loko visaṭṭho’’tiādinā micchādassanenapi nibbattateva. <span class="bld">Diṭṭheva dhamme</span>ti yaṃ tattha diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ hoti, tassa diṭṭheva dhamme, yaṃ upapajjavedanīyaṃ, tassa upapajjitvā, yaṃ aparāpariyavedanīyaṃ, tassa aparasmiṃ pariyāye vipākaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti <a name="M4.0184"></a> ayaṃ samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ekaṃ kammarāsiṃ ekañca vipākarāsiṃ addasa, sammāsambuddho iminā adiṭṭhe tayo kammarāsī, dve ca vipākarāsī addasa. Iminā pana diṭṭhe <a name="V4.0193"></a> adiṭṭhe ca cattāro kammarāsī tayo ca vipākarāsī addasa. Imāni satta ṭhānāni jānanañāṇaṃ tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇaṃ nāma. Dutiyavāre dibbacakkhukena kiñci na diṭṭhaṃ<a name="P5.0020"></a>, tathāgatena pana tayo kammarāsī, dve ca vipākarāsī diṭṭhāti. Imānipi pañca paccattaṭṭhānāni jānanañāṇaṃ tathāgatassa mahākammavibhaṅgañāṇaṃ nāma. Sesavāradvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhabba</span>nti bhūtavirahitaṃ akusalaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhabbābhāsa</span>nti abhabbaṃ ābhāsati abhibhavati paṭibāhatīti attho. Bahukasmiñhi akusalakamme āyūhite balavakammaṃ dubbalakammassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti idaṃ abhabbañceva abhabbābhāsañca. Kusalaṃ pana āyūhitvā āsanne akusalaṃ kataṃ hoti, taṃ kusalassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti, idaṃ abhabbaṃ bhabbābhāsaṃ. Bahumhi kusale āyūhitepi balavakammaṃ dubbalakammassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti, idaṃ bhabbañceva bhabbābhāsañca. Akusalaṃ pana āyūhitvā āsanne kusalaṃ kataṃ hoti, taṃ akusalassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti, idaṃ bhabbaṃ abhabbābhāsaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apica upaṭṭhānākārenapettha attho veditabbo. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti, abhabbato ābhāsati upaṭṭhātīti <span class="bld">abhabbābhāsaṃ</span>. Tattha ‘‘yvāyaṃ puggalo idha pāṇātipātī’’tiādinā nayena cattāro puggalā vuttā, tesu paṭhamassa kammaṃ abhabbaṃ abhabbābhāsaṃ, tañhi akusalattā abhabbaṃ, tassa ca niraye nibbattattā tattha nibbattikāraṇabhūtaṃ akusalaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Dutiyassa kammaṃ abhabbaṃ bhabbābhāsaṃ, tañhi akusalattā abhabbaṃ. Tassa pana sagge nibbattattā <a name="P5.0021"></a> aññatitthiyānaṃ sagge nibbattikāraṇabhūtaṃ <a name="M4.0185"></a> kusalaṃ hutvā upaṭṭhāti. Itarasmimpi kammadvaye eseva nayo. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahākammavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para304"></a><a name="para304_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">304</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0194"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">veditabbānī</span>ti sahavipassanena maggena jānitabbāni. <span class="bld">Manopavicārā</span>ti vitakkavicārā. Vitakkuppādakañhi mano idha manoti adhippetaṃ, manassa upavicārāti manopavicārā. <span class="bld">Sattapadā</span>ti vaṭṭavivaṭṭanissitānaṃ sattānaṃ padā. Ettha hi aṭṭhārasa vaṭṭapadā nāma, aṭṭhārasa vivaṭṭapadā nāma, tepi sahavipassanena maggeneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Yoggācariyāna</span>nti hatthiyoggādiācārasikkhāpakānaṃ, dametabbadamakānanti attho. Sesaṃ vibhaṅgeyeva āvibhavissati. <span class="bld">Ayamuddeso</span>ti idaṃ mātikāṭṭhapanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para305"></a><a name="para305_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">305</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhāyatanā</span>dīni visuddhimagge vitthāritāni. <span class="bld">Cakkhuviññāṇa</span>nti kusalākusalavipākato dve cakkhuviññāṇāni. Sesapasādaviññāṇesupi eseva nayo. Imāni pana dasa ṭhapetvā sesaṃ idha manoviññāṇaṃ nāma.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhusamphasso</span>ti cakkhumhi samphasso. Cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttasamphassassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sesesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Cakkhunā</span> <a name="P5.0022"></a> <span class="bld">rūpaṃ disvā</span>ti cakkhuviññāṇena rūpaṃ disvā. Eseva nayo sabbattha. <span class="bld">Somanassaṭṭhāniya</span>nti somanassassa ārammaṇavasena kāraṇabhūtaṃ. <span class="bld">Upavicaratī</span>ti tattha vicārapavattanena upavicarati, vitakko taṃsampayutto cāti iminā nayena aṭṭhārasa vitakkavicārasaṅkhātā manopavicārā veditabbā. <span class="bld">Cha somanassūpavicārā</span>ti ettha pana somanassena saddhiṃ upavicarantīti somanassūpavicārā. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para306"></a><a name="para306_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">306</span>. <span class="bld">Gehasitānī</span>ti <a name="M4.0186"></a> kāmaguṇanissitāni. <span class="bld">Nekkhammasitānī</span>ti vipassanānissitāni. <span class="bld">Iṭṭhāna</span>nti pariyesitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Kantāna</span>nti kāmitānaṃ. <span class="bld">Manoramāna</span>nti mano etesu ramatīti manoramāni, tesaṃ manoramānaṃ. <span class="bld">Lokāmisapaṭisaṃyuttāna</span>nti taṇhāpaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ. <span class="bld">Atīta</span>nti paṭiladdhaṃ<a name="V4.0195"></a>. Paccuppannaṃ tāva ārabbha somanassaṃ uppajjatu, atīte kathaṃ uppajjatīti. Atītepi – ‘‘yathāhaṃ etarahi iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ anubhavāmi, evaṃ pubbepi anubhavi’’nti anussarantassa balavasomanassaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aniccata</span>nti aniccākāraṃ. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmavirāganirodha</span>nti pakativijahanena vipariṇāmaṃ, vigacchanena virāgaṃ, nirujjhanena nirodhaṃ. <span class="bld">Sammapaññāyā</span>ti vipassanāpaññāya. <span class="bld">Idaṃ vuccati nekkhammasitaṃ somanassa</span>nti idaṃ rañño viya attano sirisampattiṃ olokentassa vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nisinnassa saṅkhārānaṃ bhedaṃ passato saṅkhāragatamhi <a name="P5.0023"></a> tikkhe sūre vipassanāñāṇe vahante uppannasomanassaṃ ‘‘nekkhammasitaṃ somanassa’’nti vuccati. Vuttampi cetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Amānusī ratī hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amatantaṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 373-374);</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Imānī</span>ti imāni chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate aniccādivasena vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā nisinnassa uppannāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para307"></a><a name="para307_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">307</span>. <span class="bld">Atīta</span>nti paccuppannaṃ tāva patthetvā alabhantassa domanassaṃ uppajjatu, atīte kathaṃ uppajjatīti. Atītepi ‘‘yathāhaṃ etarahi iṭṭhārammaṇaṃ patthetvā na labhāmi, evaṃ pubbepi patthetvā na labhi’’nti anussarantassa balavadomanassaṃ uppajjati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuttaresu vimokkhesū</span>ti anuttaravimokkho nāma arahattaṃ, arahatte patthanaṃ paṭṭhapentassāti attho. <span class="bld">Āyatana</span>nti arahattāyatanaṃ. <span class="bld">Pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato</span>ti patthanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa. Taṃ panetaṃ patthanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa <a name="M4.0187"></a> uppajjati, iti patthanāmūlakattā ‘‘pihaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato’’ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Imāni cha nekkhammasitāni domanassānī</span>ti imāni evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate arahatte pihaṃ paṭṭhapetvā <a name="V4.0196"></a> tadadhigamāya aniccādivasena vipassanaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā ussukkāpetuṃ asakkontassa – ‘‘imampi pakkhaṃ imampi māsaṃ imampi saṃvaccharaṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇituṃ nāsakkhi’’nti anusocato gāmantapabbhāravāsimahāsīvattherassa viya assudhārāpavattanavasena uppannadomanassāni <a name="P5.0024"></a> cha nekkhammasitadomanassānīti veditabbāni. Vatthu pana <span class="bld">sumaṅgalavilāsiniyā dīghanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</span> sakkapañhavaṇṇanāyaṃ (dī. ni. aṭṭha. 2.361) vitthāritaṃ, icchantena tato gahetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para308"></a><a name="para308_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">308</span>. <span class="bld">Uppajjati upekkhā</span>ti ettha upekkhā nāma aññāṇupekhā. <span class="bld">Anodhijinassā</span>ti kilesodhiṃ jinitvā ṭhitattā khīṇāsavo odhijino nāma, tasmā akhīṇāsavassāti attho. <span class="bld">Avipākajinassā</span>ti etthapi āyatiṃ vipākaṃ jinitvā ṭhitattā khīṇāsavova vipākajino nāma, tasmā akhīṇāsavassevāti attho. <span class="bld">Anādīnavadassāvino</span>tiādīnavato upaddavato apassantassa. <span class="bld">Imā cha gehasitā upekkhā</span>ti imā evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhārammaṇe āpāthagate guḷapiṇḍake nilīnamakkhikā viya rūpādīni anativattamānā tattha laggā laggitā hutvā uppannā upekkhā cha gehasitā upekkhāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rūpaṃ sā ativattatī</span>ti rūpaṃ sā anatikkamati, tattha nikantivasena na tiṭṭhati. <span class="bld">Imā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā</span>ti imā evaṃ chasu dvāresu iṭṭhādiārammaṇe āpāthagate iṭṭhe arajjantassa, aniṭṭhe adussantassa, asamapekkhane asammuyhantassa, uppannavipassanā-ñāṇasampayuttā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhāti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para309"></a><a name="para309_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">309</span>. <span class="bld">Tatra idaṃ nissāya idaṃ pajahathā</span>ti tesu chattiṃsasattapadesu aṭṭhārasa nissāya aṭṭhārasa pajahathāti attho. Teneva <a name="P5.0025"></a> – ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, yāni cha nekkhammasitānī’’tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Nissāya āgammā</span>ti pavattanavasena nissāya ceva āgamma ca. <span class="bld">Evametesaṃ samatikkamo</span> <a name="M4.0188"></a> <span class="bld">hotī</span>ti evaṃ nekkhammasitānaṃ pavattanena gehasitāni atikkantāni nāma honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ sarikkhakeneva sarikkhakaṃ jahāpetvā idāni balavatā dubbalaṃ jahāpento – ‘‘tatra, bhikkhave, yāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassānī’’tiādimāha. Evaṃ nekkhammasitasomanassehi nekkhammasitadomanassāni<a name="V4.0197"></a>, nekkhammasitaupekkhāhi ca nekkhammasitasomanassāni jahāpentena balavatā dubbalappahānaṃ kathitaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettha pana ṭhatvā upekkhākathā veditabbā – aṭṭhasu hi samāpattīsu paṭhamādīni ca tīṇi jhānāni, suddhasaṅkhāre ca pādake katvā vipassanaṃ āraddhānaṃ catunnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā hoti upekkhāsahagatā vā, vuṭṭhānagāminī pana somanassasahagatāva. Catutthajjhānādīni pādakāni katvā vipassanaṃ āraddhānaṃ pañcannaṃ pubbabhāgavipassanā purimasadisāva. Vuṭṭhānagāminī pana upekkhāsahagatā hoti. Idaṃ sandhāya – ‘‘yā cha nekkhammasitā upekkhā, tā nissāya tā āgamma, yāni cha nekkhammasitāni somanassāni, tāni pajahathā’’ti vuttaṃ. Na kevalañca evaṃpaṭipannassa bhikkhuno ayaṃ vipassanāya vedanāvisesova hoti, ariyamaggepi pana jhānaṅgabojjhaṅgamaggaṅgānampi viseso hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ko panetaṃ visesaṃ niyameti? Keci tāva therā vipassanāpādakajjhānaṃ niyametīti vadanti, keci vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentīti vadanti, keci puggalajjhāsayo niyametīti vadanti. Tesampi vāde ayameva pubbabhāge vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanā niyametīti veditabbā. Vinicchayakathā <a name="P5.0026"></a> panettha <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> saṅkhārupekkhāniddese vuttāva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para310"></a><a name="para310_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">310</span>. <span class="bld">Nānattā</span>ti nānā bahū anekappakārā. <span class="bld">Nānattasitā</span>ti nānārammaṇanissitā. <span class="bld">Ekattā</span>ti ekā. <span class="bld">Ekattasitā</span>ti ekārammaṇanissitā. Katamā panāyaṃ upekkhāti? Heṭṭhā tāva aññāṇupekkhā vuttā, upari chaḷaṅgupekkhā vakkhati, idha samathaupekkhā, vipassanupekkhāti dve upekkhā gahitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha yasmā aññāva rūpesu upekkhā, aññāva saddādīsu, na hi yā rūpe upekkhā, sā saddādīsu hoti. Rūpe upekkhā ca rūpameva ārammaṇaṃ karoti<a name="M4.0189"></a>, na saddādayo. Rūpe upekkhābhāvañca aññā samathaupekkhā pathavīkasiṇaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppajjati, aññā āpokasiṇādīni. Tasmā nānattaṃ nānattasitaṃ vibhajanto <span class="bld">atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā rūpesū</span>tiādimāha<a name="V4.0198"></a>. Yasmā pana dve vā tīṇi vā ākāsānañcāyatanāni vā viññāṇañcāyatanādīni vā natthi, tasmā ekattaṃ ekattasitaṃ vibhajanto <span class="bld">atthi, bhikkhave, upekkhā ākāsānañcāyatananissitā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha ākāsānañcāyatanaupekkhā sampayuttavasena ākāsānañcāyatananissitā, ākāsānañcāyatanakhandhe vipassantassa vipassanupekkhā ārammaṇavasena ākāsānañcāyatananissitā. Sesāsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Taṃ pajahathā</span>ti ettha arūpāvacarasamāpattiupekkhāya rūpāvacarasamāpattiupekkhaṃ pajahāpeti, arūpāvacaravipassanupekkhāya rūpāvacaravipassanupekkhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Atammayata</span>nti <a name="P5.0027"></a> ettha tammayatā nāma taṇhā, tassā pariyādānato vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanā atammayatāti vuccati. <span class="bld">Taṃ pajahathā</span>ti idha vuṭṭhānagāminīvipassanāya arūpāvacarasamāpattiupekkhañca vipassanupekkhañca pajahāpeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para311"></a><a name="para311_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">311</span>. <span class="bld">Yadariyo</span>ti ye satipaṭṭhāne ariyo sammāsambuddho sevati. Tattha tīsu ṭhānesu satiṃ paṭṭhapento satipaṭṭhāne sevatīti veditabbo. <span class="bld">Na sussūsantī</span>ti saddahitvā sotuṃ na icchanti. <span class="bld">Na aññā</span>ti jānanatthāya cittaṃ na upaṭṭhapenti. <span class="bld">Vokkammā</span>ti atikkamitvā. <span class="bld">Satthu sāsanā</span>ti satthu ovādaṃ gahetabbaṃ pūretabbaṃ na maññantīti attho. <span class="bld">Na ca attamano</span>ti na sakamano. Ettha ca gehasitadomanassavasena appatīto hotīti na evamattho daṭṭhabbo, appaṭipannakesu pana attamanatākāraṇassa abhāvenetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavassuto</span>ti paṭighaavassavena anavassuto. <span class="bld">Sato sampajāno</span>ti satiyā ca ñāṇena ca samannāgato<a name="M4.0190"></a>. <span class="bld">Upekkhako</span>ti chaḷaṅgupekkhāya upekkhako. <span class="bld">Attamano</span>ti idhāpi gehasitasomanassavasena uppilāvitoti na evamattho daṭṭhabbo, paṭipannakesu pana anattamanatākāraṇassa abhāvenetaṃ vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Anavassuto</span>ti rāgāvassavena anavassuto.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para312"></a><a name="para312_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">312</span>. <span class="bld">Sārito</span>ti <a name="V4.0199"></a> damito. <span class="bld">Ekameva disaṃ dhāvatī</span>ti anivattitvā dhāvanto ekaṃyeva disaṃ dhāvati, nivattitvā pana aparaṃ dhāvituṃ sakkoti. <span class="bld">Aṭṭha</span> <a name="P5.0028"></a> <span class="bld">disā vidhāvatī</span>ti ekapallaṅkena nisinno kāyena anivattitvāva vimokkhavasena ekappahāreneva aṭṭha disā vidhāvati, puratthābhimukho vā dakkhiṇādīsu aññataradisābhimukho vā nisīditvā aṭṭha samāpattiyo samāpajjatiyevāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Saḷāyatanavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Uddesavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para313"></a><a name="para313_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">313</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0200"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti uddesavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">uddesavibhaṅga</span>nti uddesañca vibhaṅgañca, mātikañca vibhajanañcāti attho. <span class="bld">Upaparikkheyyā</span>ti tuleyya tīreyya pariggaṇheyya paricchindeyya. <span class="bld">Bahiddhā</span>ti bahiddhāārammaṇesu. <span class="bld">Avikkhittaṃ avisaṭa</span>nti nikantivasena ārammaṇe tiṭṭhamānaṃ vikkhittaṃ visaṭaṃ nāma hoti, taṃ paṭisedhento evamāha. <span class="bld">Ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhita</span>nti gocarajjhatte nikantivasena asaṇṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Anupādāya na paritasseyyā</span>ti anupādiyitvā aggahetvā taṃ viññāṇaṃ na paritasseyya. Yathā viññāṇaṃ bahiddhā avikkhittaṃ avisaṭaṃ, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhitaṃ anupādāya na paritasseyya, evaṃ bhikkhu upaparikkheyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Jātijarāmaraṇadukkhasamudayasambhavo</span>ti jātijarāmaraṇassa ceva avasesassa ca dukkhassa nibbatti na hotīti attho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para316"></a><a name="para316_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">316</span>. <span class="bld">Rūpanimittānusārī</span>ti <a name="M4.0191"></a> rūpanimittaṃ anussarati anudhāvatīti rūpanimittānusārī.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para318"></a><a name="para318_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">318</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ajjhattaṃ asaṇṭhita</span>nti nikantivasena <a name="P5.0029"></a> asaṇṭhitaṃ. Nikantivasena hi atiṭṭhamānaṃ hānabhāgiyaṃ na hoti, visesabhāgiyameva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para320"></a><a name="para320_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">320</span>. <span class="bld">Anupādā paritassanā</span>ti satthārā khandhiyavagge ‘‘upādāparitassanañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi anupādāaparitassanañcā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 3.7) evaṃ gahetvā paritassanā, aggahetvāva aparitassanā ca kathitā, taṃ mahāthero upādāparitassanameva anupādāparitassananti katvā dassento evamāha. Kathaṃ panesā anupādāparitassanā hotīti. Upādātabbassa abhāvato. Yadi hi koci saṅkhāro nicco vā dhuvo vā attā vā attaniyo vāti gahetabbayuttako abhavissa, ayaṃ paritassanā upādāparitassanāva assa. Yasmā pana evaṃ upādātabbo saṅkhāro nāma natthi, tasmā rūpaṃ attātiādinā nayena rūpādayo <a name="V4.0201"></a> upādinnāpi anupādinnāva honti. Evamesā diṭṭhivasena upādāparitassanāpi samānā atthato anupādāparitassanāyeva nāma hotīti veditabbā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññathā hotī</span>ti parivattati pakatijahanena nassati, <span class="bld">rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattī</span>ti ‘‘mama rūpaṃ vipariṇata’’nti vā, ‘‘yaṃ ahu, taṃ vata me natthī’’ti vā ādinā (ma. ni. 1.242) nayena kammaviññāṇaṃ rūpassa bhedānuparivatti hoti. <span class="bld">Vipariṇāmānuparivattajā</span>ti vipariṇāmassa anuparivattanato vipariṇāmārammaṇacittato jātā. <span class="bld">Paritassanā dhammasamuppādā</span>ti taṇhāparitassanā ca akusaladhammasamuppādā ca. <span class="bld">Cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhantī</span>ti kusalacittaṃ pariyādiyitvā gahetvā khepetvā tiṭṭhanti. <span class="bld">Uttāsavā</span>ti bhayatāsenapi sauttāso taṇhātāsenapi sauttāso. <span class="bld">Vighātavā</span>ti <a name="P5.0030"></a> savighāto sadukkho. <span class="bld">Apekkhavā</span>ti sālayo sasineho. <span class="bld">Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anupādā paritassanā hotī</span>ti evaṃ maṇikaraṇḍakasaññāya tucchakaraṇḍakaṃ gahetvā tasmiṃ naṭṭhe pacchā vighātaṃ āpajjantassa viya pacchā aggahetvā paritassanā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para321"></a><a name="para321_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">321</span>. <span class="bld">Na</span> <a name="M4.0192"></a> <span class="bld">ca rūpavipariṇāmānuparivattī</span>ti khīṇāsavassa kammaviññāṇameva natthi, tasmā rūpabhedānuparivatti na hoti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Uddesavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Araṇavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para323"></a><a name="para323_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">323</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0202"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti araṇavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">nevussādeyya na apasādeyyā</span>ti gehasitavasena kañci puggalaṃ neva ukkhipeyya na avakkhipeyya. <span class="bld">Dhammameva deseyyā</span>ti sabhāvameva katheyya. <span class="bld">Sukhavinicchaya</span>nti vinicchitasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Raho vāda</span>nti parammukhā avaṇṇaṃ, pisuṇavācanti attho. <span class="bld">Sammukhā na khīṇa</span>nti sammukhāpi khīṇaṃ ākiṇṇaṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ vācaṃ na bhaṇeyya. <span class="bld">Nābhiniveseyyā</span>ti na adhiṭṭhahitvā ādāya vohareyya. <span class="bld">Samañña</span>nti lokasamaññaṃ lokapaṇṇattiṃ. <span class="bld">Nātidhāveyyā</span>ti nātikkameyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para324"></a><a name="para324_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">324</span>. <span class="bld">Kāmapaṭisandhisukhino</span>ti <a name="P5.0031"></a> kāmapaṭisandhinā kāmūpasaṃhitena sukhena sukhitassa. <span class="bld">Sadukkho</span>ti vipākadukkhena saṃkilesadukkhenapi sadukkho. <span class="bld">Saupaghāto</span>ti vipākūpaghātakilesūpaghāteheva saupaghāto. Tathā <span class="bld">sapariḷāho. Micchāpaṭipadā</span>ti ayāthāvapaṭipadā akusalapaṭipadā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para326"></a><a name="para326_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">326</span>. <span class="bld">Ittheke apasādetī</span>ti evaṃ gehasitavasena ekacce puggale apasādeti. Ussādanepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Bhavasaṃyojana</span>nti bhavabandhanaṃ, taṇhāyetaṃ nāmaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Subhūtitthero kira imaṃ catukkaṃ nissāya etadagge ṭhapito. Bhagavato hi dhammaṃ desentassa puggalānaṃ ussādanāapasādanā paññāyanti, tathā sāriputtattherādīnaṃ. Subhūtittherassa pana dhammadesanāya ‘‘ayaṃ puggalo appaṭipannako anārādhako’’ti vā, ‘‘ayaṃ sīlavā guṇavā lajjipesalo ācārasampanno’’ti vā natthi, dhammadesanāya panassa ‘‘ayaṃ micchāpaṭipadā, ayaṃ <a name="M4.0193"></a> sammāpaṭipadā’’tveva paññāyati. Tasmā bhagavā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ araṇavihārīnaṃ yadidaṃ subhūtī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para329"></a><a name="para329_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">329</span>. <span class="bld">Kālaññū</span> <a name="V4.0203"></a> <span class="bld">assā</span>ti asampatte ca atikkante ca kāle akathetvā ‘‘idāni vuccamānaṃ mahājano gaṇhissatī’’ti yuttapattakālaṃ ñatvāva parammukhā avaṇṇaṃ bhāseyya. Khīṇavādepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para330"></a><a name="para330_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">330</span>. <span class="bld">Upahaññatī</span>ti ghātiyati. <span class="bld">Saropi upahaññatī</span>ti saddopi bhijjati. <span class="bld">Āturīyatī</span>ti āturo hoti gelaññappatto sābādho. <span class="bld">Avissaṭṭha</span>nti vissaṭṭhaṃ apalibuddhaṃ na hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para331"></a><a name="para331_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">331</span>. <span class="bld">Tadevā</span>ti <a name="P5.0032"></a> taṃyeva bhājanaṃ. <span class="bld">Abhinivissa voharatī</span>ti pattanti sañjānanajanapadaṃ gantvā ‘‘pattaṃ āharatha dhovathā’’ti sutvā ‘‘andhabālaputhujjano, nayidaṃ pattaṃ, pāti namesā, evaṃ vadāhī’’ti abhinivissa voharati. Evaṃ sabbapadehi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Atisāro</span>ti atidhāvanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para332"></a><a name="para332_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">332</span>. <span class="bld">Tathā tathā voharati aparāmasa</span>nti amhākaṃ janapade bhājanaṃ pātīti vuccati, ime pana naṃ pattanti vadantīti tato paṭṭhāya janapadavohāraṃ muñcitvā pattaṃ pattanteva aparāmasanto voharati. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para333"></a><a name="para333_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">333</span>. Idāni mariyādabhājanīyaṃ karonto <span class="bld">tatra, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saraṇo</span>ti sarajo sakileso. <span class="bld">Araṇo</span>ti arajo nikkileso. <span class="bld">Subhūti ca pana, bhikkhave</span>ti ayaṃ thero dvīsu ṭhānesu etadaggaṃ āruḷho ‘‘<span class="bld">araṇavihārīnaṃ</span> yadidaṃ subhūti, <span class="bld">dakkhiṇeyyānaṃ</span> yadidaṃ subhūtī’’ti (a. ni. 1.202).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Dhammasenāpati kira vatthuṃ sodheti, subhūtitthero dakkhiṇaṃ sodheti. Tathā hi dhammasenāpati piṇḍāya caranto gehadvāre ṭhito yāva bhikkhaṃ āharanti, tāva pubbabhāge paricchinditvā nirodhaṃ samāpajjati, nirodhā vuṭṭhāya deyyadhammaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti. Subhūtitthero ca tatheva mettājhānaṃ samāpajjati, mettājhānā vuṭṭhāya deyyadhammaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti. Evaṃ pana kātuṃ sakkāti. Āma sakkā, neva acchariyañcetaṃ, yaṃ <a name="M4.0194"></a> mahābhiññappattā sāvakā evaṃ kareyyuṃ. Imasmimpi <a name="P5.0033"></a> hi tambapaṇṇidīpe <a name="V4.0204"></a> porāṇakarājakāle piṅgalabuddharakkhitatthero nāma uttaragāmaṃ nissāya vihāsi. Tattha satta kulasatāni honti, ekampi taṃ kuladvāraṃ natthi, yattha thero samāpattiṃ na samāpajji. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Araṇavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Dhātuvibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para342"></a><a name="para342_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">342</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0205"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti dhātuvibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">cārika</span>nti turitagamanacārikaṃ. <span class="bld">Sace te bhaggava agarū</span>ti sace tuyhaṃ bhāriyaṃ aphāsukaṃ kiñci natthi. <span class="bld">Sace so anujānātī</span>ti bhaggavassa kira etadahosi – ‘‘pabbajitā nāma nānāajjhāsayā, eko gaṇābhirato hoti, eko ekābhirato. Sace so ekābhirato bhavissati, ‘āvuso, mā pāvisi, mayā sālā laddhā’ti vakkhati. Sace ayaṃ ekābhirato bhavissati, ‘āvuso, nikkhama, mayā sālā laddhā’ti vakkhati. Evaṃ sante ahaṃ ubhinnaṃ vivādakāretā nāma bhavissāmi, dinnaṃ nāma dinnameva vaṭṭati, kataṃ katamevā’’ti. Tasmā evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Kulaputto</span>ti jātikulaputtopi ācārakulaputtopi. <span class="bld">Vāsūpagato</span>ti vāsaṃ upagato. Kuto āgantvāti? Takkasīlanagarato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – majjhimappadese kira rājagahanagare bimbisāre rajjaṃ kārente paccante takkasīlanagare pukkusāti rājā rajjaṃ kāresi. Atha takkasīlato bhaṇḍaṃ gahetvā vāṇijā rājagahaṃ āgatā paṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā rājānaṃ addasaṃsu. Rājā <a name="P5.0034"></a> te vanditvā ṭhite ‘‘katthavāsino tumhe’’ti pucchi. Takkasīlavāsino devāti. Atha ne rājā janapadassa khemasubhikkhatādīni nagarassa ca pavattiṃ pucchitvā ‘‘ko nāma tumhākaṃ rājā’’ti pucchi. Pukkusāti nāma devāti. Dhammikoti? Āma deva dhammiko. Catūhi saṅgahavatthūhi janaṃ saṅgaṇhāti, lokassa mātāpitiṭṭhāne <a name="M4.0195"></a> ṭhito, aṅge nipannadārakaṃ viya janaṃ tosetīti. Katarasmiṃ vaye vattatīti? Athassa vayaṃ ācikkhiṃsu. Vayesupi bimbisārena samavayo jāto. Atha te rājā āha – ‘‘tātā tumhākaṃ rājā dhammiko, vayena ca me samāno, sakkuṇeyyātha tumhākaṃ rājānaṃ mama mittaṃ kātu’’nti. Sakkoma devāti. Rājā tesaṃ suṅkaṃ vissajjetvā gehañca dāpetvā – ‘‘gacchatha bhaṇḍaṃ vikkiṇitvā gamanakāle maṃ disvā gaccheyyāthā’’ti āha. Te tathā katvā gamanakāle rājānaṃ addasaṃsu. ‘‘Gacchatha tumhākaṃ rājānaṃ <a name="V4.0206"></a> mama vacanena punappunaṃ ārogyaṃ pucchitvā ‘rājā tumhehi saddhiṃ mittabhāvaṃ icchatī’ti vadathā’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Te sādhūti paṭissuṇitvā gantvā bhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā bhuttapātarāsā rājānaṃ upasaṅkamitvā vandiṃsu. Rājā ‘‘kahaṃ bhaṇe tumhe ettake ime divase na dissathā’’ti pucchi. Te sabbaṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. Rājā – ‘‘sādhu, tātā, tumhe nissāya mayā majjhimappadese rājā mitto laddho’’ti attamano ahosi. Aparabhāge rājagahavāsinopi vāṇijā takkasīlaṃ agamaṃsu. Te paṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā āgate pukkusāti rājā ‘‘kuto āgatatthā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘rājagahato’’ti sutvā ‘‘mayhaṃ sahāyassa nagarato āgatā tumhe’’ti. Āma devāti. Ārogyaṃ me sahāyassāti ārogyaṃ pucchitvā ‘‘ajja paṭṭhāya ye mayhaṃ sahāyassa nagarato jaṅghasatthena vā sakaṭasatthena vā vāṇijā āgacchanti, sabbesaṃ mama visayaṃ paviṭṭhakālato <a name="P5.0035"></a> paṭṭhāya vasanagehāni, rājakoṭṭhāgārato nivāpañca dentu, suṅkaṃ vissajjentu, kiñci upaddavaṃ mā karontū’’ti bheriṃ carāpesi. Bimbisāropi attano nagare tatheva bheriṃ carāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha bimbisāro pukkusātissa paṇṇaṃ pahiṇi – ‘‘paccantadese nāma maṇimuttādīni ratanāni uppajjanti, yaṃ mayhaṃ sahāyassa rajje dassanīyaṃ vā savanīyaṃ vā ratanaṃ uppajjati, tattha me mā maccharāyatū’’ti. Pukkusātipi – ‘‘majjhimadeso nāma mahājanapado, yaṃ tattha evarūpaṃ ratanaṃ uppajjati, tattha me sahāyo mā maccharāyatū’’ti paṭipaṇṇaṃ pahiṇi. Evaṃ te gacchante gacchante kāle aññamaññaṃ adisvāpi daḷhamittā ahesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ <a name="M4.0196"></a> tesaṃ katikaṃ katvā vasantānaṃ paṭhamataraṃ pukkusātissa paṇṇākāro uppajji. Rājā kira aṭṭha pañcavaṇṇe anagghakambale labhi. So – ‘‘atisundarā ime kambalā, ahaṃ sahāyassa pesissāmī’’ti lākhāguḷamatte aṭṭha sārakaraṇḍake likhāpetvā tesu te kambale pakkhipitvā lākhāya vaṭṭāpetvā setavatthena veṭhetvā samugge pakkhipitvā vatthena veṭhetvā rājamuddikāya lañchetvā ‘‘mayhaṃ sahāyassa dethā’’ti amacce pesesi. Sāsanañca adāsi – ‘‘ayaṃ paṇṇākāro nagaramajjhe amaccādiparivutena daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Te gantvā bimbisārassa adaṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="V4.0207"></a> sāsanaṃ sutvā amaccādayo sannipatantūti bheriṃ carāpetvā nagaramajjhe amaccādiparivuto setacchattena dhāriyamānena pallaṅkavare nisinno lañchanaṃ bhinditvā vatthaṃ apanetvā samuggaṃ vivaritvā anto bhaṇḍikaṃ muñcitvā lākhāguḷe disvā ‘‘mayhaṃ sahāyo pukkusāti ‘jutavittako me sahāyo’ti maññamāno maññe imaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ pahiṇī’’ti ekaṃ guḷaṃ gahetvā hatthena <a name="P5.0036"></a> vaṭṭetvā tulayantova anto dussabhaṇḍikaṃ atthīti aññāsi. Atha naṃ pallaṅkapāde paharitvā tāvadeva lākhā paripati, so nakhena karaṇḍakaṃ vivaritvā anto kambalaratanaṃ disvā itarepi vivarāpesi, sabbepi kambalā ahesuṃ. Atha ne pattharāpesi, te vaṇṇasampannā phassasampannā dīghato soḷasahatthā tiriyaṃ aṭṭhahatthā ahesuṃ. Mahājano disvā aṅguliyo poṭhesi, celukkhepaṃ akāsi, – ‘‘amhākaṃ rañño adiṭṭhasahāyo pukkusāti adisvāva evarūpaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ pesesi, yuttaṃ evarūpaṃ mittaṃ kātu’’nti attamano ahosi. Rājā ekamekaṃ kambalaṃ agghāpesi, sabbe anagghā ahesuṃ. Tesu cattāro sammāsambuddhassa pesesi, cattāro attano ghare akāsi. Tato cintesi – ‘‘pacchā pesentena paṭhamaṃ pesitapaṇṇākārato atirekaṃ pesetuṃ vaṭṭati, sahāyena ca me anaggho paṇṇākāro pesito, kiṃ nu kho pesemī’’ti?</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana rājagahe tato adhikaṃ ratanaṃ natthīti? No natthi, mahāpuñño rājā, apica kho panassa sotāpannakālato paṭṭhāya ṭhapetvā tīṇi ratanāni aññaṃ ratanaṃ somanassaṃ janetuṃ samatthaṃ nāma natthi<a name="M4.0197"></a>. So ratanaṃ vicinituṃ āraddho – ratanaṃ nāma saviññāṇakaṃ aviññāṇakanti duvidhaṃ. Tattha aviññāṇakaṃ suvaṇṇarajatādi, saviññāṇakaṃ indriyabaddhaṃ. Aviññāṇakaṃ saviññāṇakasseva alaṅkārādivasena paribhogaṃ hoti, iti imesu dvīsu ratanesu saviññāṇakaṃ seṭṭhaṃ. Saviññāṇakampi duvidhaṃ tiracchānaratanaṃ manussaratananti. Tattha tiracchānaratanaṃ hatthiassaratanaṃ, tampi manussānaṃ upabhogatthameva nibbattati<a name="P5.0037"></a>, iti imesupi dvīsu manussaratanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ. Manussaratanampi duvidhaṃ itthiratanaṃ purisaratananti. Tattha cakkavattino rañño uppannaṃ itthiratanampi purisasseva upabhogaṃ. Iti imesupi dvīsu purisaratanameva seṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Purisaratanampi duvidhaṃ agāriyaratanaṃ anagāriyaratanañca. Tattha agāriyaratanesupi cakkavattirājā ajja pabbajitasāmaṇeraṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vandati, iti imesupi dvīsu anagāriyaratanameva <a name="V4.0208"></a> seṭṭhaṃ. Anagāriyaratanampi duvidhaṃ sekkharatanañca asekkharatanañca. Tattha satasahassampi sekkhānaṃ asekkhassa padesaṃ na pāpuṇāti, iti imesupi dvīsu asekkharatanameva seṭṭhaṃ. Tampi duvidhaṃ buddharatanaṃ sāvakaratananti. Tattha satasahassampi sāvakaratanānaṃ buddharatanassa padesaṃ na pāpuṇāti, iti imesupi dvīsū buddharatanameva seṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Buddharatanampi duvidhaṃ paccekabuddharatanaṃ sabbaññubuddharatananti. Tattha satasahassampi paccekabuddhānaṃ sabbaññubuddhassa padesaṃ na pāpuṇāti, iti imesupi dvīsu sabbaññubuddharatanaṃyeva seṭṭhaṃ. Sadevakasmiñhi loke buddharatanasamaṃ ratanaṃ nāma natthi. Tasmā asadisameva ratanaṃ mayhaṃ sahāyassa pesessāmīti cintetvā takkasīlavāsino pucchi – ‘‘tātā tumhākaṃ janapade buddho dhammo saṅghoti imāni tīṇi ratanāni dissantī’’ti. Ghosopi so mahārāja tāva tattha natthi, dassanaṃ pana kutoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">‘‘Sundaraṃ tātā’’ti rājā tuṭṭho cintesi – ‘‘sakkā bhaveyya janasaṅgahatthāya mayhaṃ sahāyassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ pesetuṃ, buddhā pana <a name="P5.0038"></a> paccantimesu janapadesu na aruṇaṃ uṭṭhapenti. Tasmā satthārā gantuṃ na sakkā. Sāriputtamoggallānādayo mahāsāvake pesetuṃ sakkā bhaveyya. Mayā <a name="M4.0198"></a> pana ‘therā paccante vasantī’ti sutvāpi manusse pesetvā te attano samīpaṃ āṇāpetvā upaṭṭhātumeva yuttaṃ. Tasmā na therehipi sakkā gantuṃ. Yena panākārena sāsane pesite satthā ca mahāsāvakā ca gatā viya honti, tenākārena sāsanaṃ pahiṇissāmī’’ti. Cintetvā caturatanāyāmaṃ vidatthimattaputhulaṃ nātitanuṃ nātibahalaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭṭaṃ kārāpetvā ‘‘tattha ajja akkharāni likhissāmī’’ti. Pātova sīsaṃ nhāyitvā uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya bhuttapātarāso apanītagandhamālābharaṇo suvaṇṇasarakena jātihiṅgulikaṃ ādāya heṭṭhato paṭṭhāya dvārāni pidahanto pāsādamāruyha pubbadisāmukhaṃ sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā ākāsatale nisīditvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭe akkharāni likhanto – ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’’ti. Buddhaguṇe tāva ekadesena likhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato ‘‘evaṃ dasa pāramiyo pūretvā tusitabhavanato cavitvā mātukucchimhi paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi<a name="V4.0209"></a>, evaṃ lokavivaraṇaṃ ahosi, mātukucchiyaṃ vasamāne idaṃ nāma ahosi, agāramajjhe vasamāne idaṃ nāma ahosi, evaṃ mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhanto evaṃ mahāpadhānaṃ padahi. Evaṃ dukkarakārikaṃ katvā mahābodhimaṇḍaṃ āruyha aparājitapallaṅke nisinno sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhi, sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭivijjhantassa <a name="P5.0039"></a> evaṃ lokavivaraṇaṃ ahosi. Sadevake loke aññaṃ evarūpaṃ ratanaṃ nāma natthīti.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Yaṃkiñci vittaṃ idha vā huraṃ vā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Saggesu vā yaṃ ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Na no samaṃ atthi tathāgatena,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Idampi buddhe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etena saccena suvatthi hotū’’ti. (khu. pā. 6.3; su. ni. 226) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ ekadesena buddhaguṇepi likhitvā dutiyaṃ <span class="bld">dhammaratanaṃ</span> thomento – ‘‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo…pe… paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’ti. ‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā…pe… ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti. ‘‘Satthārā desitadhammo nāma evarūpo ca evarūpo cā’’ti sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiye ekadesena likhitvā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Yaṃ <a name="M4.0199"></a> buddhaseṭṭho parivaṇṇayī suciṃ,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Samādhimānantarikaññamāhu;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Samādhinā tena samo na vijjati,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Idampi dhamme ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etena saccena suvatthi hotū’’ti. (khu. pā. 6.5; su. ni. 228) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ ekadesena dhammaguṇe likhitvā tatiyaṃ <span class="bld">saṅgharatanaṃ</span> thomento – ‘‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho…pe… puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’ti. ‘‘Kulaputtā nāma satthu dhammakathaṃ sutvā evaṃ nikkhamitvā pabbajanti, keci setacchattaṃ pahāya pabbajanti, keci uparajjaṃ, keci senāpatiṭṭhānādīni pahāya pabbajanti. Pabbajitvā ca pana imañca paṭipattiṃ pūrentī’’ti cūḷasīlamajjhimasīlamahāsīlādīni <a name="V4.0210"></a> ekadesena likhitvā chadvārasaṃvaraṃ satisampajaññaṃ catupaccayasantosaṃ navavidhaṃ <a name="P5.0040"></a> senāsanaṃ, nīvaraṇappahānaṃ parikammaṃ jhānābhiññā aṭṭhatiṃsa kammaṭṭhānāni yāva āsavakkhayā ekadesena likhi, soḷasavidhaṃ ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ vitthāreneva likhitvā ‘‘satthu sāvakasaṅgho nāma evarūpehi ca guṇehi samannāgato.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ye puggalā aṭṭhasataṃ pasaṭṭhā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Cattāri etāni yugāni honti;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Te dakkhiṇeyyā sugatassa sāvakā,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Etesu dinnāni mahapphalāni;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Idampi saṅghe ratanaṃ paṇītaṃ,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Etena saccena suvatthi hotū’’ti. (khu. pā. 6.6; su. ni. 229) –</p>
<p class="unindented">Evaṃ ekadesena saṅghaguṇe likhitvā – ‘‘bhagavato sāsanaṃ svākkhātaṃ niyyānikaṃ, sace mayhaṃ sahāyo sakkoti, nikkhamitvā pabbajatū’’ti likhitvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭaṃ saṃharitvā sukhumakambalena veṭhetvā sārasamugge pakkhipitvā taṃ samuggaṃ suvaṇṇamaye, suvaṇṇamayaṃ, rajatamaye rajatamayaṃ maṇimaye, maṇimayaṃ pavāḷamaye, pavāḷamayaṃ lohitaṅkamaye, lohitaṅkamayaṃ masāragallamaye, masāragallamayaṃ phalikamaye, phalikamayaṃ dantamaye, dantamayaṃ sabbaratanamaye, sabbaratanamayaṃ kilañjamaye, kilañjamayaṃ samuggaṃ sārakaraṇḍake ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna <a name="M4.0200"></a> sārakaraṇḍakaṃ suvaṇṇakaraṇḍaketi purimanayeneva haritvā sabbaratanamayaṃ karaṇḍakaṃ kilañjamaye karaṇḍake ṭhapesi. Tato kilañjamayaṃ karaṇḍakaṃ sāramayapeḷāyāti puna vuttanayeneva haritvā sabbaratanamayaṃ peḷaṃ kilañjamayapeḷāya ṭhapetvā bahi vatthena veṭhetvā rājamuddikāya lañchetvā amacce āṇāpesi – ‘‘mama āṇāpavattiṭṭhāne maggaṃ alaṅkārāpetha maggo aṭṭhusabhavitthato hotu, catuusabhaṭṭhānaṃ sodhitamattakameva <a name="P5.0041"></a> hotu, majjhe catuusabhaṃ rājānubhāvena paṭiyādethā’’ti. Tato maṅgalahatthiṃ alaṅkārāpetvā tassa upari pallaṅkaṃ paññapetvā setacchattaṃ ussāpetvā nagaravīthiyo sittasammaṭṭhā samussitaddhajapaṭākā kadalipuṇṇaghaṭagandhadhūmapupphādīhi <a name="V4.0211"></a> suppaṭimaṇḍitā kāretvā ‘‘attano attano visayappadese evarūpaṃ pūjaṃ kārentū’’ti antarabhogikānaṃ javanadūte pesetvā sayaṃ sabbālaṅkārena alaṅkaritvā – ‘‘sabbatāḷāvacarasammissabalakāyaparivuto paṇṇākāraṃ pesemī’’ti attano visayapariyantaṃ gantvā amaccassa mukhasāsanaṃ adāsi – ‘‘tāta mayhaṃ sahāyo pukkusāti imaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ paṭicchanto orodhamajjhe apaṭicchitvā pāsādaṃ āruyha paṭicchatū’’ti. Evaṃ sāsanaṃ datvā paccantadesaṃ satthā gacchatīti pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā nivatti. Antarabhogikā teneva niyāmena maggaṃ paṭiyādetvā paṇṇākāraṃ nayiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pukkusātipi attano rajjasīmato paṭṭhāya teneva niyāmena maggaṃ paṭiyādetvā nagaraṃ alaṅkārāpetvā paṇṇākārassa paccuggamanaṃ akāsi. Paṇṇākāro takkasīlaṃ pāpuṇanto uposathadivase pāpuṇi, paṇṇākāraṃ gahetvā gataamaccopi rañño vuttasāsanaṃ ārocesi. Rājā taṃ sutvā paṇṇākārena saddhiṃ āgatānaṃ kattabbakiccaṃ vicāretvā paṇṇākāraṃ ādāya pāsādaṃ āruyha ‘‘mā idha koci pavisatū’’ti dvāre ārakkhaṃ kāretvā sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā paṇṇākāraṃ uccāsane ṭhapetvā sayaṃ nīcāsane nisinno lañchanaṃ bhinditvā nivāsanaṃ apanetvā kilañjapeḷato paṭṭhāya anupubbena vivaranto sāramayaṃ samuggaṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘mahāparihāro nāyaṃ aññassa ratanassa bhavissati, addhā majjhimadese sotabbayuttakaṃ ratanaṃ uppanna’’nti. Atha taṃ samuggaṃ vivaritvā rājalañchanaṃ bhinditvā sukhumakambalaṃ ubhato viyūhitvā suvaṇṇapaṭṭaṃ addasa.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So <a name="M4.0201"></a> taṃ pasāretvā – ‘‘manāpāni <a name="P5.0042"></a> vata akkharāni samasīsāni samapantīni caturassānī’’tiādito paṭṭhāya vācetuṃ ārabhi. Tassa – ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppanno’’ti buddhaguṇe vācentassa balavasomanassaṃ uppajji, navanavutilomakūpasahassāni uddhaggalomāni ahesuṃ. Attano ṭhitabhāvaṃ vā nisinnabhāvaṃ vā na jānāti. Athassa – ‘‘kappakoṭisatasahassehipi etaṃ dullabhasāsanaṃ sahāyaṃ nissāya sotuṃ labhāmī’’ti bhiyyo balavapīti udapādi. So hi upari vācetuṃ asakkonto yāva pītivegapassaddhiyā nisīditvā parato – ‘‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo’’ti dhammaguṇe ārabhi. Tatrāpissa tatheva ahosi. So puna yāva pītivegapassaddhiyā nisīditvā parato ‘‘suppaṭipanno’’ti saṅghaguṇe ārabhi<a name="V4.0212"></a>. Tatrāpissa tatheva ahosi. Atha sabbapariyante ānāpānassatikammaṭṭhānaṃ vācetvā catukkapañcakajjhānāni nibbattesi, so jhānasukheneva vītināmesi. Añño koci daṭṭhuṃ na labhati, ekova cūḷupaṭṭhāko pavisati. Evaṃ addhamāsamattaṃ vītināmesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nāgarā rājaṅgaṇe sannipatitvā ukkuṭṭhiṃ akaṃsu ‘‘paṇṇākāraṃ paṭicchitadivasato paṭṭhāya baladassanaṃ vā nāṭakadassanaṃ vā natthi, vinicchayadānaṃ natthi, rājā sahāyena pahitaṃ paṇṇākāraṃ yassicchati tassa dassetu, rājāno nāma ekaccassa paṇṇākāravasenapi vañcetvā rajjaṃ attano kātuṃ vāyamanti. Kiṃ nāma amhākaṃ rājā karotī’’ti? Rājā ukkuṭṭhisaddaṃ sutvā – ‘‘rajjaṃ nu kho dhāremi, udāhu <a name="P5.0043"></a> satthāra’’nti cintesi. Athassa etadahosi – ‘‘rajjakāritaattabhāvo nāma neva gaṇakena, na gaṇakamahāmattena gaṇetuṃ sakko. Satthusāsanaṃ dhāressāmī’’ti sayane ṭhapitaṃ asiṃ gahetvā kese chinditvā sīhapañjaraṃ vivaritvā – ‘‘etaṃ gahetvā rajjaṃ kārethā’’ti saddhiṃ cūḷāmaṇinā kesakalāpaṃ parisamajjhe pātesi, mahājano taṃ ukkhipitvā – ‘‘sahāyakasantikā laddhapaṇṇākārā nāma rājāno tumhādisā honti devā’’ti ekappahāreneva viravi. Raññopi dvaṅgulamattaṃ kesamassu ahosi. Bodhisattassa pabbajjāsadisameva kira jātaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="M4.0202"></a> cūḷupaṭṭhākaṃ pesetvā antarāpaṇā dve kāsāyavatthāni mattikāpattañca āharāpetvā – ‘‘ye loke arahanto, te uddissa mayhaṃ pabbajjā’’ti satthāraṃ uddissa ekaṃ kāsāvaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ pārupitvā pattaṃ vāmaaṃsakūṭe katvā kattaradaṇḍaṃ gahetvā – ‘‘sobhati nu kho me pabbajjā no vā’’ti mahātale katipayavāre aparāparaṃ caṅkamitvā – ‘‘sobhati me pabbajjā’’ti dvāraṃ vivaritvā pāsādā otari. Otarantaṃ pana naṃ tīsu dvāresu ṭhitanāṭakādīni disvāpi na sañjāniṃsu. ‘‘Eko paccekabuddho amhākaṃ rañño dhammakathaṃ kathetuṃ āgato’’ti kira cintayiṃsu. Uparipāsādaṃ pana āruyha rañño ṭhitanisinnaṭṭhānāni disvā rājā gatoti ñatvā samuddamajjhe osīdamānāya nāvāya jano viya ekappahāreneva viraviṃsu. Kulaputtaṃ bhūmitalaṃ otiṇṇamattaṃ aṭṭhārasaseniyo sabbe nāgarā balakāyā ca parivāretvā mahāviravaṃ viraviṃsu. Amaccāpi taṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘deva majjhimadesarājāno nāma bahumāyā, sāsanaṃ pesetvā buddharatanaṃ nāma loke uppannaṃ vā no vāti ñatvā gamissatha<a name="P5.0044"></a>, nivattatha <a name="V4.0213"></a> devā’’ti. Saddahāmahaṃ mayhaṃ sahāyakassa, tassa mayā saddhiṃ dvejjhavacanaṃ nāma natthi, tiṭṭhatha tumheti. Te anugacchantiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kulaputto kattaradaṇḍena lekhaṃ katvā – ‘‘idaṃ rajjaṃ kassā’’ti āha? Tumhākaṃ devāti. Yo imaṃ lekhaṃ antaraṃ karoti, rājāṇāya kāretabboti. Mahājanakajātake bodhisattena katalekhaṃ sīvalidevī antaraṃ kātuṃ avisahantī vivattamānā agamāsi. Tassā gatamaggena mahājano agamāsi. Taṃ pana lekhaṃ mahājano antaraṃ kātuṃ na visahi, lekhaṃ ussīsakaṃ katvā vivattamānā viraviṃsu. Kulaputto ‘‘ayaṃ me gataṭṭhāne dantakaṭṭhaṃ vā mukhodakaṃ vā dassatī’’ti antamaso ekaceṭakampi aggahetvā pakkāmi. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi ‘‘mama satthā ca mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā ekakova pabbajito’’ti ekakova agamāsi. ‘‘Satthu lajjāmī’’ti ca – ‘‘satthā kira me pabbajitvā yānaṃ nāruḷho’’ti ca antamaso ekapaṭalikampi upāhanaṃ nāruhi, paṇṇacchattakampi na dhāresi. Mahājano rukkhapākāraṭṭālakādīni āruyha esa amhākaṃ rājā gacchatīti olokesi. Kulaputto – ‘‘dūraṃ gantabbaṃ, na sakkā ekena maggo nittharitu’’nti ekaṃ satthavāhaṃ anubandhi. Sukhumālassa kulaputtassa kaṭhinatattāya <a name="M4.0203"></a> pathaviyā gachantassa pādatalesu phoṭā uṭṭhahitvā bhijjanti, dukkhā vedanā uppajjanti. Satthavāhe khandhāvāraṃ bandhitvā nisinne kulaputto maggā okkamma ekasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdati. Nisinnaṭṭhāne pādaparikammaṃ vā piṭṭhiparikammaṃ <a name="P5.0045"></a> vā kattā nāma natthi, kulaputto ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā maggadarathakilamathapariḷāhaṃ vikkhambhetvā jhānaratiyā vītināmeti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Punadivase uṭṭhite aruṇe sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā puna satthavāhaṃ anubandhati. Pātarāsakāle kulaputtassa pattaṃ gahetvā khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ patte pakkhipitvā denti. Taṃ uttaṇḍulampi hoti kilinnampi samasakkharampi aloṇātiloṇampi, kulaputto pavisanaṭṭhānaṃ paccavekkhitvā amataṃ viya paribhuñjitvā etena niyāmena aṭṭhahi ūnakāni dve yojanasatāni gato. Jetavanadvārakoṭṭhakassa pana samīpena gacchantopi – ‘‘kahaṃ satthā vasatī’’ti nāpucchi. Kasmā? Satthugāravena ceva rañño pesitasāsanavasena ca. Rañño hi – ‘‘idha tathāgato loke uppajjatī’’ti satthāraṃ rājagahe uppannaṃ viya katvā sāsanaṃ pesitaṃ, tasmā <a name="V4.0214"></a> naṃ apucchitvāva pañcacattālīsayojanamattaṃ maggaṃ atikkanto. So sūriyatthaṅgamanavelāya rājagahaṃ patvā satthā kahaṃ vasatīti pucchi. Kuto nu, bhante, āgatoti? Ito uttaratoti. Satthā tuyhaṃ āgatamagge ito pañcacattālīsayojanamatte sāvatthi nāma atthi, tattha vasatīti. Kulaputto cintesi – ‘‘idāni akālo na sakkā gantuṃ, ajja idheva vasitvā sve satthu santikaṃ gamissāmī’’ti. Tato – ‘‘vikāle sampattapabbajitā kahaṃ vasantī’’ti pucchi. Imāya kumbhakārasālāya, bhanteti. Atha so taṃ kumbhakāraṃ yācitvā tattha vāsatthāya pavisitvā nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavāpi taṃdivasaṃ paccūsakāle lokaṃ volokento pukkusātiṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ kulaputto sahāyena pesitaṃ sāsanamattakaṃ <a name="P5.0046"></a> vācetvā atirekatiyojanasatikaṃ mahārajjaṃ pahāya maṃ uddissa pabbajitvā aṭṭhahi ūnakāni dve yojanasatāni atikkamma rājagahaṃ pāpuṇissati, mayi agacchante pana tīṇi sāmaññaphalāni appaṭivijjhitvā ekarattivāsena anāthakālakiriyaṃ karissati, mayi pana gate <a name="M4.0204"></a> tīṇi sāmaññaphalāni paṭivijjhissati. Janasaṅgahatthāyeva pana mayā satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni pāramiyo pūritā, karissāmi tassa saṅgaha’’nti pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā muhuttaṃ attadarathakilamathaṃ paṭipassambhetvā – ‘‘kulaputto mayi gāravena dukkaraṃ akāsi, atirekayojanasataṃ rajjaṃ pahāya antamaso mukhadhovanadāyakampi ceṭakaṃ aggahetvā ekakova nikkhanto’’ti sāriputtamahāmoggallānādīsu kañci anāmantetvā sayameva attano pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā ekakova nikkhanto. Gacchanto ca neva ākāse uppati, na pathaviṃ saṃkhipi, – ‘‘kulaputto mama lajjamāno hatthiassarathasuvaṇṇasivikādīsu ekayānepi anisīditvā antamaso ekapaṭalikaṃ upāhanampi anāruyha paṇṇacchattakampi aggahetvā nikkhanto, mayāpi padasāva gantuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti pana cintetvā padasāva agamāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">So asīti anubyañjanāni byāmappabhā bāttiṃsa mahāpurisalakkhaṇānīti imaṃ buddhasiriṃ paṭicchādetvā valāhakapaṭicchanno puṇṇacando viya aññatarabhikkhuvesena gacchanto ekapacchābhatteneva pañcacattālīsa yojanāni atikkamma sūriyatthaṅgamalīvelāya kulaputte paviṭṭhamatteyeva <a name="V4.0215"></a> taṃ kumbhakārasālaṃ pāpuṇi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena, pukkusāti, nāma kulaputto bhagavantaṃ uddissa saddhāya <a name="P5.0047"></a> agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, so tasmiṃ kumbhakārāvesane paṭhamaṃ vāsūpagato hotī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ gantvāpi pana bhagavā – ‘‘ahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’ti pasayha kumbhakārasālaṃ apavisitvā dvāre ṭhitova kulaputtaṃ okāsaṃ kārento <span class="bld">sace te bhikkhū</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Urunda</span>nti vivittaṃ asambādhaṃ. <span class="bld">Viharatāyasmā yathāsukha</span>nti yena yena iriyāpathena phāsu hoti, tena tena yathāsukhaṃ āyasmā viharatūti okāsaṃ akāsi. Atirekatiyojanasatañhi rajjaṃ pahāya pabbajito kulaputto parassa chaḍḍitapatitaṃ <a name="M4.0205"></a> kumbhakārasālaṃ kiṃ aññassa sabrahmacārino maccharāyissati. Ekacce pana moghapurisā sāsane pabbajitvā āvāsamacchariyādīhi abhibhūtā attano vasanaṭṭhāne mayhaṃ kuṭi mayhaṃ pariveṇanti aññesaṃ avāsāya parakkamanti. <span class="bld">Nisīdī</span>ti accantasukhumālo lokanātho devavimānasadisaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ pahāya tattha tattha vippakiṇṇachārikāya bhinnabhājanatiṇapalāsakukkuṭasūkaravaccādisaṃkiliṭṭhāya saṅkāraṭṭhānasadisāya kumbhakārasālāya tiṇasanthāraṃ santharitvā paṃsukūlacīvaraṃ paññapetvā devavimānasadisaṃ dibbagandhasugandhaṃ gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā nisīdanto viya nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Iti bhagavāpi asambhinnamahāsammatavaṃse uppanno, kulaputtopi khattiyagabbhe vaḍḍhito. Bhagavāpi abhinīhārasampanno, kulaputtopi abhinīhārasampanno. Bhagavāpi rajjaṃ pahāya pabbajito, kulaputtopi. Bhagavāpi <a name="P5.0048"></a> suvaṇṇavaṇṇo, kulaputtopi. Bhagavāpi samāpattilābhī, kulaputtopi. Iti dvepi khattiyā dvepi abhinīhārasampannā dvepi rājapabbajitā dvepi suvaṇṇavaṇṇā dvepi samāpattilābhino kumbhakārasālaṃ pavisitvā nisinnāti tehi kumbhakārasālā ativiya sobhati, dvīhi sīhādīhi paviṭṭhaguhādīhi āharitvā dīpetabbaṃ. Tesu pana dvīsu bhagavā – ‘‘sukhumālo ahaṃ paramasukhumālo ekapacchābhattena pañcacattālīsa yojanāni āgato, muhuttaṃ tāva sīhaseyyaṃ kappetvā maggadarathaṃ paṭipassambhemī’’ti cittampi anuppādetvā nisīdantova phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajji. Kulaputtopi – ‘‘dvānavutiyojanasataṃ āgatomhi, muhuttaṃ tāva nipajjitvā maggadarathaṃ vinodemī’’ti cittaṃ anuppādetvā nisīdamānova <a name="V4.0216"></a> ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ samāpajji. Idaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">atha kho bhagavā bahudeva ratti</span>ntiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nanu ca bhagavā kulaputtassa dhammaṃ desessāmīti āgato, kasmā na desesīti? Kulaputtassa maggadaratho appaṭipassaddho, na sakkhissati dhammadesanaṃ sampaṭicchituṃ, so tāvassa paṭipassambhatūti na desesi. Apare – ‘‘rājagahaṃ nāma ākiṇṇamanussaṃ avivittaṃ dasahi saddehi, so saddo diyaḍḍhayāmamattena sannisīdati, taṃ āgamento na desesī’’ti vadanti. Taṃ akāraṇaṃ, brahmalokappamāṇampi hi saddaṃ bhagavā attano ānubhāvena <a name="M4.0206"></a> vūpasametuṃ sakkoti, maggadarathavūpasamaṃ āgamentoyeva pana na desesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">bahudeva ratti</span>nti diyaḍḍhayāmamattaṃ. <span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti bhagavā phalasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya suvaṇṇavimāne maṇisīhapañjaraṃ vivaranto viya pañcapasādappaṭimaṇḍitāni akkhīni ummīletvā olokesi, athassa hatthakukkuccapādakukkuccasīsakampanavirahitaṃ sunikhātaindakhīlaṃ viya niccalaṃ avibbhantaṃ suvaṇṇapaṭimaṃ viya nisinnaṃ kulaputtaṃ disvā etaṃ – ‘‘pāsādikaṃ kho’’tiādi ahosi. Tattha <span class="bld">pāsādika</span>nti pasādāvahaṃ. Bhāvanapuṃsakaṃ <a name="P5.0049"></a> panetaṃ, pāsādikena iriyāpathena iriyati. Yathā iriyato iriyāpatho pāsādiko hoti, evaṃ iriyatīti ayamettha attho. Catūsu hi iriyāpathesu tayo iriyāpathā na sobhanti. Gacchantassa hi bhikkhuno hatthā calanti, pādā calanti, sīsaṃ calati, ṭhitassa kāyo thaddho hoti, nipannassāpi iriyāpatho amanāpo hoti, pacchābhatte pana divāṭṭhānaṃ sammajjitvā cammakhaṇḍaṃ paññapetvā sudhotahatthapādassa catusandhikapallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nipannasseva iriyāpatho sobhati. Ayañca kulaputto pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ appetvā nisīdi. Itissa iriyāpatheneva pasanno bhagavā – ‘‘pāsādikaṃ kho’’ti parivitakkesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yaṃnūnāhaṃ puccheyya</span>nti kasmā pucchati? Kiṃ bhagavā attānaṃ uddissa pabbajitabhāvaṃ na jānātīti? No na jānāti, apucchite pana kathā na patiṭṭhāti, apatiṭṭhitāya kathāya kathā na sañjāyatīti kathāpatiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ pucchi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Disvā</span> <a name="V4.0217"></a> <span class="bld">ca pana jāneyyāsī</span>ti tathāgataṃ buddhasiriyā virocantaṃ ayaṃ buddhoti sabbe jānanti. Anacchariyametaṃ jānanaṃ, buddhasiriṃ pana paṭicchādetvā aññatarapiṇḍapātikavesena caranto dujjāno hoti. Iccāyasmā, pukkusāti, ‘‘na jāneyya’’nti sabhāvameva katheti. Tathā hi naṃ ekakumbhakārasālāya nisinnampi na jānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Etadahosī</span>ti maggadarathassa vūpasamabhāvaṃ ñatvā ahosi. <span class="bld">Evamāvuso</span>ti kulaputto sahāyena pesitaṃ sāsanamattaṃ vācetvā rajjaṃ <a name="M4.0207"></a> pahāya pabbajamāno – ‘‘dasabalassa madhuradhammadesanaṃ sotuṃ labhissāmī’’ti. Pabbajito, pabbajitvā <a name="P5.0050"></a> ettakaṃ addhānaṃ āgacchanto – ‘‘dhammaṃ te bhikkhu desessāmī’’ti padamattassa vattāraṃ nālattha, so ‘‘dhammaṃ te bhikkhu desessāmī’’ti vuttaṃ kiṃ sakkaccaṃ na suṇissati. Pipāsitasoṇḍo viya hi pipāsitahatthī viya cāyaṃ, tasmā sakkaccaṃ savanaṃ paṭijānanto ‘‘evamāvuso’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para343"></a><a name="para343_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">343</span>. <span class="bld">Chadhāturo aya</span>nti bhagavā kulaputtassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ akathetvā āditova arahattassa padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ accantasuññataṃ vipassanālakkhaṇameva ācikkhituṃ āraddho. Yassa hi pubbabhāgapaṭipadā aparisuddhā hoti, tassa paṭhamameva sīlasaṃvaraṃ indriyesu guttadvārataṃ bhojane mattaññutaṃ jāgariyānuyogaṃ satta saddhamme cattāri jhānānīti imaṃ pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ ācikkhati. Yassa panesā parisuddhā, tassa taṃ akathetvā arahattassa padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ vipassanameva ācikkhati. Kulaputtassa ca pubbabhāgapaṭipadā parisuddhā. Tathā hi anena sāsanaṃ vācetvā pāsādavaragateneva ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ nibbattitaṃ, yadassa dvānavutiyojanasabhaṃ āgacchantassa yānakiccaṃ sādhesi, sāmaṇerasīlampissa paripuṇṇaṃ. Tasmā pubbabhāgapaṭipadaṃ akathetvā arahattassa padaṭṭhānabhūtaṃ accantasuññataṃ vipassanālakkhaṇamevassa ācikkhituṃ āraddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">chadhāturo</span>ti dhātuyo vijjamānā, puriso avijjamāno. Bhagavā hi katthaci vijjamānena avijjamānaṃ dasseti, katthaci avijjamānena vijjamānaṃ, katthaci vijjamānena vijjamānaṃ, katthaci avijjamānena avijjamānanti sabbāsave vuttanayeneva vitthāretabbaṃ. Idha pana vijjamānena avijjamānaṃ dassento evamāha. Sace hi bhagavā <a name="P5.0051"></a> purisoti paṇṇattiṃ vissajjetvā <a name="V4.0218"></a> dhātuyo icceva vatvā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpeyya, kulaputto sandehaṃ kareyya, sammohaṃ āpajjeyya, desanaṃ sampaṭicchituṃ na sakkuṇeyya. Tasmā tathāgato anupubbena purisoti paṇṇattiṃ pahāya ‘‘sattoti vā purisoti vā puggaloti vā paṇṇattimattameva, paramatthato satto nāma natthi, dhātumatteyeva cittaṃ ṭhapāpetvā tīṇi phalāni paṭivijjhāpessāmī’’ti <a name="M4.0208"></a> anaṅgaṇasutte (ma. ni. 1.57 ādayo) vuttabhāsantarakusalo tāya tāya bhāsāya sippaṃ uggaṇhāpento ācariyo viya evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha cha dhātuyo assāti <span class="bld">chadhāturo</span>. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yaṃ tvaṃ purisoti sañjānāsi, so chadhātuko, na cettha paramatthato puriso atthi, purisoti pana paṇṇattimattamevāti. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Caturādhiṭṭhāno</span>ti ettha adhiṭṭhānaṃ vuccati patiṭṭhā, catupatiṭṭhānoti attho. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – svāyaṃ bhikkhu puriso chadhāturo chaphassāyatano aṭṭhārasamanopavicāro, so ettova vivaṭṭitvā uttamasiddhibhūtaṃ arahattaṃ gaṇhamāno imesu catūsu ṭhānesu patiṭṭhāya gaṇhātīti caturādhiṭṭhānoti. <span class="bld">Yattha ṭhita</span>nti yesu adhiṭṭhānesu patiṭṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Maññassa vā nappavattantī</span>ti maññassa vā mānassa vā nappavattanti. <span class="bld">Muni santoti vuccatī</span>ti khīṇāsavamuni upasanto nibbutoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paññaṃ nappamajjeyyā</span>ti arahattaphalapaññāya paṭivijjhanatthaṃ <a name="P5.0052"></a> āditova samādhivipassanāpaññaṃ nappamajjeyya. <span class="bld">Saccamanurakkheyyā</span>ti paramatthasaccassa nibbānassa sacchikiriyatthaṃ āditova vacīsaccaṃ rakkheyya. <span class="bld">Cāgamanubrūheyyā</span>ti arahattamaggena sabbakilesapariccāgakaraṇatthaṃ āditova kilesapariccāgaṃ brūheyya. <span class="bld">Santimeva so sikkheyyā</span>ti arahattamaggena sabbakilesavūpasamanatthaṃ āditova kilesavūpasamanaṃ sikkheyya. Iti paññādhiṭṭhānādīnaṃ adhigamatthāya imāni samathavipassanāpaññādīni pubbabhāgādhiṭṭhānāni vuttāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para345"></a><a name="para345_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">345</span>. <span class="bld">Phassāyatana</span>nti phassassa āyatanaṃ, ākaroti attho. <span class="bld">Paññādhiṭṭhāna</span>ntiādīni pubbe vuttānaṃ arahattaphalapaññādīnaṃ vasena veditabbāni.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para348"></a><a name="para348_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">348</span>. Idāni nikkhittamātikāvasena ‘‘yattha ṭhitaṃ maññassa vā nappavattantī’’ti vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, arahatte pana patte puna ‘‘paññaṃ nappamajjeyyā’’tiādīhi kiccaṃ natthi. Iti <a name="V4.0219"></a> bhagavā mātikaṃ uppaṭipāṭidhātukaṃ ṭhapetvāpi yathādhammavaseneva vibhaṅgaṃ vibhajanto <span class="bld">paññaṃ nappamajjeyyā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha ko paññaṃ pamajjati, ko nappamajjati? Yo tāva imasmiṃ sāsane pabbajitvā vejjakammādivasena ekavīsatividhāya anesanāya <a name="M4.0209"></a> jīvikaṃ kappento pabbajjānurūpena cittuppādaṃ ṭhapetuṃ na sakkoti, ayaṃ paññaṃ pamajjati nāma. Yo pana sāsane pabbajitvā sīle patiṭṭhāya buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇhitvā sappāyaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ samādāya cittarucitaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ nissāya kasiṇaparikammaṃ katvā samāpattiṃ patvā ajjeva arahattanti vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā vicarati, ayaṃ paññaṃ nappamajjati nāma. Imasmiṃ pana sutte dhātukammaṭṭhānavasena esa paññāya appamādo vutto. Dhātukammaṭṭhāne panettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ heṭṭhā hatthipadopamasuttādīsu vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para354"></a><a name="para354_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">354</span>. <span class="bld">Athāparaṃ</span> <a name="P5.0053"></a> <span class="bld">viññāṇaṃyeva avasissatī</span>ti ayampettha pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Heṭṭhato hi rūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ kathitaṃ, idāni arūpakammaṭṭhānaṃ vedanāvasena nibbattetvā dassetuṃ ayaṃ desanā āraddhā. Yaṃ vā panetaṃ imassa bhikkhuno pathavīdhātuādīsu āgamaniyavipassanāvasena kammakārakaviññāṇaṃ, taṃ viññāṇadhātuvasena bhājetvā dassentopi imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">avasissatī</span>ti kimatthāya avasissati? Satthu kathanatthāya kulaputtassa ca paṭivijjhanatthāya avasissati. <span class="bld">Parisuddha</span>nti nirupakkilesaṃ. <span class="bld">Pariyodāta</span>nti pabhassaraṃ. <span class="bld">Sukhantipi vijānātī</span>ti sukhavedanaṃ vedayamāno sukhavedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānāti. Sesapadadvayesupi eseva nayo. Sace panāyaṃ vedanākathā heṭṭhā na kathitā bhaveyya, idha ṭhatvā kathetuṃ vaṭṭeyya. Satipaṭṭhāne panesā kathitāvāti tattha kathitanayeneva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Sukhavedaniya</span>nti evamādi paccayavasena udayatthaṅgamanadassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">sukhavedaniya</span>nti sukhavedanāya paccayabhūtaṃ. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para360"></a><a name="para360_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">360</span>. <span class="bld">Upekkhāyeva avasissatī</span>ti ettāvatā hi yathā nāma chekena maṇikārācariyena vajirasūciyā vijjhitvā cammakhaṇḍe pātetvā pātetvā dinnamuttaṃ antevāsiko gahetvā gahetvā suttagataṃ karonto muttolambakamuttajālādīni karoti, evameva bhagavatā kathetvā kathetvā dinnaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ ayaṃ kulaputto manasikaronto manasikaronto paguṇaṃ akāsīti rūpakammaṭṭhānampissa arūpakammaṭṭhānampi paguṇaṃ <a name="M4.0210"></a> jātaṃ, atha bhagavā ‘‘athāparaṃ upekkhāyeva avasissatī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kimatthaṃ <a name="V4.0220"></a> pana avasissatīti? Satthu kathanatthaṃ. Kulaputtassa paṭivijjhanatthantipi vadanti<a name="P5.0054"></a>, taṃ na gahetabbaṃ. Kulaputtena hi sahāyassa sāsanaṃ vācetvā pāsādatale ṭhiteneva ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ nibbattitaṃ, yadassa ettakaṃ maggaṃ āgacchantassa yānakiccaṃ sādheti. Satthu kathanatthaṃyeva avasissati. Imasmiñhi ṭhāne satthā kulaputtassa rūpāvacarajjhāne vaṇṇaṃ kathesi. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti ‘‘bhikkhu paguṇaṃ tava idaṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāna’’nti. <span class="bld">Parisuddhā</span>tiādi tassāyeva upekkhāya vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ. <span class="bld">Ukkaṃ bandheyyā</span>ti aṅgārakapallaṃ sajjeyya. <span class="bld">Ālimpeyyā</span>ti tattha aṅgāre pakkhipitvā aggiṃ datvā nāḷikāya dhamento aggiṃ jāleyya. <span class="bld">Ukkāmukhe pakkhipeyyā</span>ti aṅgāre viyūhitvā aṅgāramatthake vā ṭhapeyya, tattake vā pakkhipeyya. <span class="bld">Nīhaṭa</span>nti nīhaṭadosaṃ. <span class="bld">Ninnītakasāva</span>nti apanītakasāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Evameva kho</span>ti yathā taṃ suvaṇṇaṃ icchiticchitāya piḷandhanavikatiyā saṃvattati, evameva ayaṃ tāva catutthajjhānupekkhā vipassanā abhiññā nirodho bhavokkantīti imesu yaṃ icchati, tassatthāya hotīti vaṇṇaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavā imasmiṃ rūpāvacaracatutthajjhāne nikantipariyādānatthaṃ avaṇṇaṃ akathetvā vaṇṇaṃ kathesīti. Kulaputtassa hi catutthajjhāne nikantipariyuṭṭhānaṃ balavaṃ. Sace avaṇṇaṃ katheyya, – ‘‘mayhaṃ pabbajitvā <a name="P5.0055"></a> dvānavutiyojanasataṃ āgacchantassa imaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ yānakiccaṃ sādhesi, ahaṃ ettakaṃ maggaṃ āgacchanto jhānasukhena jhānaratiyā āgato, evarūpassa nāma paṇītadhammassa avaṇṇaṃ katheti, jānaṃ nu kho katheti ajāna’’nti kulaputto saṃsayaṃ sammohaṃ āpajjeyya, tasmā bhagavā vaṇṇaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para361"></a><a name="para361_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">361</span>. <span class="bld">Tadanudhamma</span>nti ettha arūpāvacarajjhānaṃ dhammo nāma, taṃ anugatattā rūpāvacarajjhānaṃ <span class="bld">anudhammo</span>ti vuttaṃ. Vipākajjhānaṃ vā dhammo, kusalajjhānaṃ anudhammo. <span class="bld">Tadupādānā</span>ti taggahaṇā. <span class="bld">Ciraṃ dīghamaddhāna</span>nti vīsatikappasahassāni. Vipākavasena hetaṃ vuttaṃ. Ito uttarimpi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para362"></a><a name="para362_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">362</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M4.0211"></a> catūhi vārehi arūpāvacarajjhānassa vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā idāni tasseva ādīnavaṃ dassento <span class="bld">so evaṃ pajānātī</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">saṅkhatameta</span>nti kiñcāpi ettha vīsatikappasahassāni <a name="V4.0221"></a> āyu atthi, etaṃ pana saṅkhataṃ pakappitaṃ āyūhitaṃ, karontena karīyati, aniccaṃ adhuvaṃ asassataṃ tāvakālikaṃ, cavanaparibhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammaṃ, jātiyā anugataṃ, jarāya anusaṭaṃ, maraṇena abbhāhataṃ, dukkhe patiṭṭhitaṃ, atāṇaṃ aleṇaṃ asaraṇaṃ asaraṇībhūtanti. Viññāṇañcāyatanādīsupi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni arahattanikūṭena desanaṃ gaṇhanto <span class="bld">so neva taṃ abhisaṅkharotī</span>tiādimāha. Yathā hi cheko bhisakko visavikāraṃ disvā vamanaṃ kāretvā visaṃ ṭhānato cāvetvā upari āropetvā khandhaṃ vā sīsaṃ vā gahetuṃ adatvā visaṃ otāretvā pathaviyaṃ pāteyya, evameva bhagavā kulaputtassa <a name="P5.0056"></a> arūpāvacarajjhāne vaṇṇaṃ kathesi. Taṃ sutvā kulaputto rūpāvacarajjhāne nikantiṃ pariyādāya arūpāvacarajjhāne patthanaṃ ṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā taṃ ñatvā taṃ asampattassa appaṭiladdhasseva bhikkhuno ‘‘atthesā ākāsānañcāyatanādīsu sampatti nāma. Tesañhi paṭhamabrahmaloke vīsatikappasahassāni āyu, dutiye cattālīsaṃ, tatiye saṭṭhi, catutthe caturāsīti kappasahassāni āyu. Taṃ pana aniccaṃ adhuvaṃ asassataṃ tāvakālikaṃ, cavanaparibhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammaṃ, jātiyā anugataṃ, jarāya anusaṭaṃ, maraṇena abbhāhataṃ, dukkhe patiṭṭhitaṃ, atāṇaṃ aleṇaṃ asaraṇaṃ asaraṇībhūtaṃ, ettakaṃ kālaṃ tattha sampattiṃ anubhavitvāpi puthujjanakālakiriyaṃ katvā puna catūsu apāyesu patitabba’’nti sabbametaṃ ādīnavaṃ ekapadeneva ‘‘saṅkhatameta’’nti kathesi. Kulaputto taṃ sutvā arūpāvacarajjhāne nikantiṃ pariyādiyi, bhagavā tassa rūpāvacarārūpāvacaresu nikantiyā pariyādinnabhāvaṃ ñatvā arahattanikūṭaṃ gaṇhanto ‘‘so neva taṃ abhisaṅkharotī’’tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yathā vā paneko mahāyodho ekaṃ rājānaṃ ārādhetvā satasahassuṭṭhānakaṃ gāmavaraṃ labheyya, puna rājā tassānubhāvaṃ saritvā – ‘‘mahānubhāvo yodho, appakaṃ tena laddha’’nti – ‘‘nāyaṃ tāta gāmo <a name="M4.0212"></a> tuyhaṃ anucchaviko, aññaṃ catusatasahassuṭṭhānakaṃ gaṇhāhī’’ti dadeyya so sādhu devāti taṃ vissajjetvā itaraṃ gāmaṃ gaṇheyya. Rājā asampattameva ca naṃ pakkosāpetvā – ‘‘kiṃ te tena, ahivātarogo ettha uppajjati? Asukasmiṃ pana ṭhāne mahantaṃ nagaraṃ atthi, tattha chattaṃ ussāpetvā rajjaṃ kārehī’’ti pahiṇeyya, so tathā kareyya.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="V4.0222"></a> rājā viya sammāsambuddho daṭṭhabbo, mahāyodho viya pukkusāti kulaputto, paṭhamaladdhagāmo viya ānāpānacatutthajjhānaṃ, taṃ vissajjetvā itaraṃ gāmaṃ gaṇhāhīti vuttakālo viya ānāpānacatutthajjhāne nikantipariyādānaṃ katvā āruppakathanaṃ, taṃ gāmaṃ asampattameva <a name="P5.0057"></a> pakkosāpetvā ‘‘kiṃ te tena, ahivātarogo ettha uppajjati? Asukasmiṃ ṭhāne nagaraṃ atthi, tattha chattaṃ ussāpetvā rajjaṃ kārehī’’ti vuttakālo viya arūpe saṅkhatametanti ādīnavakathanena appattāsuyeva tāsu samāpattīsu patthanaṃ nivatthāpetvā upari arahattanikūṭena desanāgahaṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">neva abhisaṅkharotī</span>ti nāyūhati na rāsiṃ karoti. <span class="bld">Na abhisañcetayatī</span>ti na kappeti. <span class="bld">Bhavāya vā vibhavāya vā</span>ti vuddhiyā vā parihāniyā vā, sassatucchedavasenapi yojetabbaṃ. <span class="bld">Na kiñci loke upādiyatī</span>ti loke rūpādīsu kiñci ekadhammampi taṇhāya na gaṇhāti, na parāmasati. <span class="bld">Nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātī</span>ti bhagavā attano buddhavisaye ṭhatvā desanāya arahattanikūṭaṃ gaṇhi. Kulaputto pana attano yathopanissayena tīṇi sāmaññaphalāni paṭivijjhi. Yathā nāma rājā suvaṇṇabhājanena nānārasabhojanaṃ bhuñjanto attano pamāṇena piṇḍaṃ vaṭṭetvā aṅke nisinnena rājakumārena piṇḍamhi ālaye dassite taṃ piṇḍaṃ upanāmeyya, kumāro attano mukhappamāṇeneva kabaḷaṃ kareyya, sesaṃ rājā sayaṃ vā bhuñjeyya, pātiyaṃ vā pakkhipeyya, evaṃ dhammarājā tathāgato attano pamāṇena arahattanikūṭaṃ gaṇhanto desanaṃ desesi, kulaputto attano yathopanissayena tīṇi sāmaññaphalāni paṭivijjhi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ito pubbe panassa khandhā dhātuyo āyatanānīti evarūpaṃ accantasuññataṃ tilakkhaṇāhataṃ kathaṃ kathentassa neva kaṅkhā, na vimati, nāpi – ‘‘evaṃ kira taṃ, evaṃ me ācariyena vutta’’nti iti kira na dandhāyitattaṃ na vitthāyitattaṃ <a name="P5.0058"></a> atthi<a name="M4.0213"></a>. Ekaccesu ca kira ṭhānesu buddhā aññātakavesena vicaranti, sammāsambuddho nu kho esoti ahudeva saṃsayo, ahu vimati. Yato anena anāgāmiphalaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, atha ayaṃ me satthāti niṭṭhaṃ gato. Yadi evaṃ kasmā accayaṃ na desesīti. Okāsābhāvato. Bhagavā hi yathānikkhittāya mātikāya acchinnadhāraṃ katvā ākāsagaṅgaṃ otārento viya desanaṃ desesiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para363"></a><a name="para363_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">363</span>. <span class="bld">So</span>ti <a name="V4.0223"></a> arahā. <span class="bld">Anajjhositā</span>ti gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpetvā gahetuṃ na yutthāti pajānāti. <span class="bld">Anabhinanditā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhivasena abhinandituṃ na yuttāti pajānāti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para364"></a><a name="para364_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">364</span>. <span class="bld">Visaṃyutto naṃ vedetī</span>ti sace hissa sukhavedanaṃ ārabbha rāgānusayo, dukkhavedanaṃ ārabbha paṭighānusayo, itaraṃ ārabbha avijjānusayo uppajjeyya, saṃyutto vediyeyya nāma. Anuppajjanato pana visaṃyutto naṃ vedeti nissaṭo vippamutto. <span class="bld">Kāyapariyantika</span>nti kāyakoṭikaṃ. Yāva kāyapavattā uppajjitvā tato paraṃ anuppajjanavedananti attho. Dutiyapadepi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī</span>ti dvādasasu āyatanesu kilesānaṃ visevanassa natthitāya anabhinanditāni hutvā idha dvādasasuyeva āyatanesu nirujjhissanti. Kilesā hi nibbānaṃ āgamma niruddhāpi yattha natthi, tattha niruddhāti vuccanti. Svāyamattho – ‘‘etthesā taṇhā nirujjhamānā nirujjhatī’’ti samudayapañhena dīpetabbo. Tasmā bhagavā nibbānaṃ āgamma sītibhūtānipi idheva sītībhavissantīti āha. Nanu ca idha vedayitāni vuttāni, na kilesāti. Vedayitānipi kilesābhāveneva sītībhavanti. Itarathā nesaṃ sītibhāvo nāma natthīti suvuttametaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para365"></a><a name="para365_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">365</span>. <span class="bld">Evameva</span> <a name="P5.0059"></a> <span class="bld">kho</span>ti ettha idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – yathā hi eko puriso telapadīpassa jhāyato tele khīṇe telaṃ āsiñcati, vaṭṭiyā khīṇāya vaṭṭiṃ pakkhipati, evaṃ dīpasikhāya anupacchedova hoti, evameva puthujjano ekasmiṃ bhave ṭhito kusalākusalaṃ karoti, so tena sugatiyañca apāyesu ca nibbattatiyeva, evaṃ vedanānaṃ anupacchedova <a name="M4.0214"></a> hoti. Yathā paneko dīpasikhāya ukkaṇṭhito – ‘‘imaṃ purisaṃ āgamma dīpasikhā na upacchijjatī’’ti nilīno tassa purisassa sīsaṃ chindeyya, evaṃ vaṭṭiyā ca telassa ca anupahārā dīpasikhā anāhārā nibbāyati, evameva vaṭṭe ukkaṇṭhito yogāvacaro arahattamaggena kusalākusalaṃ samucchindati, tassa samucchinnattā khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno kāyassa bhedā puna vedayitāni na uppajjantīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ādimhi samādhivipassanāpaññāhi arahattaphalapaññā uttaritarā, tasmā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samannāgato</span>ti iminā uttamena arahattaphalapaññādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato. <span class="bld">Sabbadukkhakkhaye</span> <a name="V4.0224"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇaṃ</span> nāma arahattamagge ñāṇaṃ, imasmiṃ pana sutte arahattaphale ñāṇaṃ adhippetaṃ. Tenevāha <span class="bld">tassa sā vimutti sacce ṭhitā akuppā hotī</span>ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para366"></a><a name="para366_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">366</span>. Ettha hi <span class="bld">vimuttī</span>ti arahattaphalavimutti, <span class="bld">sacca</span>nti paramatthasaccaṃ nibbānaṃ. Iti akuppārammaṇakaraṇena <span class="bld">akuppā</span>ti vuttā. <span class="bld">Musā</span>ti vitathaṃ. <span class="bld">Mosadhamma</span>nti nassanasabhāvaṃ. <span class="bld">Taṃ sacca</span>nti taṃ avitathaṃ sabhāvo. <span class="bld">Amosadhamma</span>nti anassanasabhāvaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ādito samathavipassanāvasena vacīsaccato dukkhasaccasamudayasaccehi ca paramatthasaccaṃ nibbānameva uttaritaraṃ, tasmā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samannāgato</span>ti iminā uttamena paramatthasaccādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para367"></a><a name="para367_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">367</span>. <span class="bld">Pubbe</span>ti puthujjanakāle. <span class="bld">Upadhī</span> <a name="P5.0060"></a> <span class="bld">hontī</span>ti khandhūpadhi kilesūpadhi abhisaṅkhārūpadhi pañcakāmaguṇūpadhīti ime upadhayo honti. <span class="bld">Samattā samādinnā</span>ti paripūrā gahitā paramaṭṭhā. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ādito samathavipassanāvasena kilesapariccāgato, sotāpattimaggādīhi ca kilesapariccāgato arahattamaggeneva kilesapariccāgo uttaritaro, tasmā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samannāgato</span>ti iminā uttamena cāgādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para368"></a><a name="para368_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">368</span>. <span class="bld">Āghāto</span>tiādīsu āghātakaraṇavasena āghāto, byāpajjanavasena <span class="bld">byāpādo,</span> sampadussanavasena <span class="bld">sampadoso</span>ti tīhi padehi dosākusalamūlameva vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā ādito samathavipassanāvasena <a name="M4.0215"></a> kilesavūpasamato, sotāpattimaggādīhi kilesavūpasamato ca arahattamaggeneva kilesavūpasamo uttaritaro, tasmā. <span class="bld">Evaṃ samannāgato</span>ti iminā uttamena upasamādhiṭṭhānena samannāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para369"></a><a name="para369_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">369</span>. <span class="bld">Maññitameta</span>nti taṇhāmaññitaṃ mānamaññitaṃ diṭṭhimaññitanti tividhampi vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Ayamahamasmī</span>ti ettha pana ayamahanti ekaṃ taṇhāmaññitameva vaṭṭati. <span class="bld">Rogo</span>tiādīsu ābādhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">rogo,</span> antodosaṭṭhena <span class="bld">gaṇḍo,</span> anupaviṭṭhaṭṭhena <span class="bld">sallaṃ. Muni santoti vuccatī</span>ti khīṇāsavamuni santo nibbutoti vuccati. <span class="bld">Yattha ṭhita</span>nti yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitaṃ. <span class="bld">Saṃkhittenā</span>ti buddhānaṃ <a name="V4.0225"></a> kira sabbāpi dhammadesanā saṃkhittāva, vitthāradesanā nāma natthi, samantapaṭṭhānakathāpi <a name="P5.0061"></a> saṃkhittāyeva. Iti bhagavā desanaṃ yathānusandhiṃ pāpesi. Ugghāṭitaññūtiādīsu pana catūsu puggalesu pukkusāti kulaputto vipañcitaññū, iti vipañcitaññuvasena bhagavā imaṃ dhātuvibhaṅgasuttaṃ kathesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para370"></a><a name="para370_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">370</span>. <span class="bld">Na kho me, bhante, paripuṇṇaṃ pattacīvara</span>nti kasmā kulaputtassa iddhimayapattacīvaraṃ na nibbattanti. Pubbe aṭṭhannaṃ parikkhārānaṃ adinnattā. Kulaputto hi dinnadāno katābhinīhāro, na dinnattāti na vattabbaṃ. Iddhimayapattacīvaraṃ pana pacchimabhavikānaṃyeva nibbattati, ayañca punapaṭisandhiko, tasmā na nibbattanti. Atha bhagavā sayaṃ pariyesitvā kasmā na upasampādesīti. Okāsābhāvato. Kulaputtassa āyu parikkhīṇaṃ, suddhāvāsiko anāgāmī mahābrahmā kumbhakārasālaṃ āgantvā nisinno viya ahosi. Tasmā sayaṃ na pariyesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Pattacīvarapariyesanaṃ pakkāmī</span>ti kāya velāya pakkāmi? Uṭṭhite aruṇe. Bhagavato kira dhammadesanāpariniṭṭhānañca aruṇuṭṭhānañca rasmivissajjanañca ekakkhaṇe ahosi. Bhagavā kira desanaṃ niṭṭhapetvāva chabbaṇṇarasmiyo vissajji, sakalakumbhakāranivesanaṃ ekapajjotaṃ ahosi, chabbaṇṇarasmiyo jālajālā puñjapuñjā hutvā vidhāvantiyo sabbadisābhāge suvaṇṇapaṭapariyonaddhe viya ca nānāvaṇṇakusumaratanavisarasamujjale viya ca akaṃsu. Bhagavā ‘‘nagaravāsino maṃ passantū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi. Nagaravāsino bhagavantaṃ <a name="P5.0062"></a> disvāva ‘‘satthā kira āgato, kumbhakārasālāya kira nisinno’’ti aññamaññassa ārocetvā rañño ārocesuṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Rājā <a name="M4.0216"></a> āgantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā, ‘‘bhante, kāya velāya āgatatthā’’ti pucchi. Hiyyo sūriyatthaṅgamanavelāya mahārājāti. Kena kammena bhagavāti? Tumhākaṃ sahāyo pukkusāti rājā tumhehi pahitaṃ sāsanaṃ sutvā nikkhamitvā pabbajitvā maṃ uddissa āgacchanto sāvatthiṃ atikkamma pañcacattālīsa yojanāni āgantvā imaṃ kumbhakārasālaṃ pavisitvā nisīdi, ahaṃ tassa saṅgahatthaṃ āgantvā dhammakathaṃ kathesiṃ, kulaputto tīṇi phalāni paṭivijjhi mahārājāti. Idāni kahaṃ, bhanteti? Upasampadaṃ yācitvā aparipuṇṇapattacīvaratāya pattacīvarapariyesanatthaṃ <a name="V4.0226"></a> gato mahārājāti. Rājā kulaputtassa gatadisābhāgena agamāsi. Bhagavāpi ākāsenāgantvā jetavanagandhakuṭimhiyeva pāturahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kulaputtopi pattacīvaraṃ pariyesamāno neva bimbisārarañño na takkasīlakānaṃ jaṅghavāṇijānaṃ santikaṃ agamāsi. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘na kho me kukkuṭassa viya tattha tattha manāpāmanāpameva vicinitvā pattacīvaraṃ pariyesituṃ yuttaṃ, mahantaṃ nagaraṃ vajjitvā udakatitthasusānasaṅkāraṭṭhānaantaravīthīsu pariyesissāmī’’ti antaravīthiyaṃ saṅkārakūṭesu tāva pilotikaṃ pariyesituṃ āraddho.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Jīvitā voropesī</span>ti etasmiṃ saṅkārakūṭe pilotikaṃ olokentaṃ vibbhantā taruṇavacchā gāvī upadhāvitvā siṅgena vijjhitvā ghātesi. Chātakajjhatto kulaputto ākāseyeva āyukkhayaṃ patvā patito. Saṅkāraṭṭhāne adhomukhaṭṭhapitā suvaṇṇapaṭimā viya ahosi, kālaṅkato ca pana avihābrahmaloke nibbatti, nibbattamattova arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Avihābrahmaloke kira nibbattamattāva satta janā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Avihaṃ <a name="P5.0063"></a> upapannāse, vimuttā satta bhikkhavo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Rāgadosaparikkhīṇā, tiṇṇā loke visattikaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ke ca te ataruṃ paṅkaṃ, maccudheyyaṃ suduttaraṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Ke hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccaguṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Upako <a name="M4.0217"></a> palagaṇḍo ca, pukkusāti ca te tayo;</p>
<p class="gatha2">Bhaddiyo khaṇḍadevo ca, bāhuraggi ca siṅgiyo;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Te hitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, dibbayogaṃ upaccagu’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 1.50, 105);</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bimbisāropi ‘‘mayhaṃ sahāyo mayā pesitasāsanamattaṃ vācetvā hatthagataṃ rajjaṃ pahāya ettakaṃ <a name="V4.0227"></a> addhānaṃ āgato, dukkaraṃ kataṃ kulaputtena, pabbajitasakkārena taṃ sakkarissāmī’’ti ‘‘pariyesatha me sahāyaka’’nti tattha tattha pesesi. Pesitā taṃ addasaṃsu saṅkāraṭṭhāne patitaṃ, disvā āgamma rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā gantvā kulaputtaṃ disvā – ‘‘na vata, bho, labhimhā sahāyakassa sakkāraṃ kātuṃ, anātho me jāto sahāyako’’ti. Paridevitvā kulaputtaṃ mañcakena gaṇhāpetvā yuttokāse ṭhapetvā anupasampannassa sakkāraṃ kātuṃ jānanābhāvena nhāpakakappakādayo pakkosāpetvā kulaputtaṃ sīsaṃ nhāpetvā suddhavatthāni nivāsāpetvā rājavesena alaṅkārāpetvā sovaṇṇasivikaṃ āropetvā sabbatāḷāvacaragandhamālādīhi pūjaṃ karonto nagarā nīharitvā bahūhi gandhakaṭṭhehi mahācitakaṃ kāretvā kulaputtassa sarīrakiccaṃ katvā dhātuyo ādāya cetiyaṃ patiṭṭhapesi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Dhātuvibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">11. Saccavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para371"></a><a name="para371_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">371</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0228"></a><a name="P5.0064"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti saccavibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ācikkhanā</span>ti idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ nāma…pe… ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ nāmāti. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Apicettha <span class="bld">paññāpanā</span> nāma dukkhasaccādīnaṃ ṭhapanā. Āsanaṃ ṭhapento hi āsanaṃ paññapetīti vuccati. <span class="bld">Paṭṭhapanā</span>ti paññāpanā. <span class="bld">Vivaraṇā</span>ti vivaṭakaraṇā. <span class="bld">Vibhajanā</span>ti vibhāgakiriyā. <span class="bld">Uttānīkamma</span>nti pākaṭabhāvakaraṇaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Anuggāhakā</span>ti <a name="M4.0218"></a> āmisasaṅgahena dhammasaṅgahenāti dvīhipi saṅgahehi anuggāhakā. <span class="bld">Janetā</span>ti janikā mātā. <span class="bld">Āpādetā</span>ti posetā. Posikamātā viya moggallānoti dīpeti. Janikamātā hi nava vā dasa vā māse loṇambilādīni pariharamānā kucchiyā dārakaṃ dhāretvā kucchito nikkhantaṃ posikamātaraṃ dhātiṃ paṭicchāpeti. Sā khīranavanītādīhi dārakaṃ posetvā vaḍḍheti, so vuddhimāgamma yathāsukhaṃ vicarati. Evameva sāriputto attano vā paresaṃ vā santike pabbajite dvīhi saṅgahehi saṅgaṇhanto gilāne paṭijagganto kammaṭṭhāne yojetvā sotāpannabhāvaṃ ñatvā apāyabhayehi vuṭṭhitakālato paṭṭhāya – ‘‘idāni paccattapurisakārena uparimagge nibbattessantī’’ti tesu anapekkho hutvā aññe nave nave ovadati. Mahāmoggallānopi attano vā paresaṃ vā santike pabbajite tatheva saṅgaṇhitvā kammaṭṭhāne yojetvā heṭṭhā tīṇi <a name="P5.0065"></a> phalāni pattesupi anapekkhataṃ na āpajjati. Kasmā? Evaṃ kirassa hoti – vuttaṃ bhagavatā – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, appamattakopi gūtho duggandho hoti…pe… appamattakampi muttaṃ… kheḷo… pubbo… lohitaṃ duggandhaṃ hoti, evameva kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, appamattakampi bhavaṃ na vaṇṇemi antamaso accharāsaṅghatamattampī’’ti (a. ni. 1.320-321). Tasmā yāva arahattaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tāva tesu anapekkhataṃ anāpajjitvā arahattaṃ pattesuyeva āpajjatīti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, janetā evaṃ sāriputto. Seyyathāpi jātassa āpādetā, evaṃ moggallāno. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, sotāpattiphale vineti, moggallāno uttamatthe’’ti. <span class="bld">Pahotī</span>ti sakkoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dukkhe</span> <a name="V4.0229"></a> <span class="bld">ñāṇa</span>nti savanasammasanapaṭivedhañāṇaṃ, tathā <span class="bld">dukkhasamudaye. Dukkhanirodhe</span> savanapaṭivedhañāṇanti vaṭṭati, tathā <span class="bld">dukkhanirodhagāminiyā</span> paṭipadāya. Nekkhammasaṅkappādīsu kāmapaccanīkaṭṭhena, kāmato nissaṭabhāvena vā, kāmaṃ sammasantassa uppannoti vā, kāmapadaghātaṃ kāmavūpasamaṃ karonto uppannoti vā, kāmavivittante uppannoti vā <span class="bld">nekkhammasaṅkappo</span>. Sesapadadvayepi eseva nayo. Sabbepi cete pubbabhāge nānācittesu, maggakkhaṇe ekacitte labbhanti. Tatra hi micchāsaṅkappacetanāya samugghātako ekova saṅkappo labbhati, na nānā labbhati<a name="M4.0219"></a>. Sammāvācādayopi pubbabhāge nānācittesu, vuttanayeneva maggakkhaṇe ekacitte labbhanti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārena pana saccakathā <span class="bld">visuddhimagge</span> ca sammādiṭṭhisutte (ma. ni. 1.89 ādayo) ca vuttāyevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Saccavibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">12. Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para376"></a><a name="para376_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">376</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0230"></a><a name="P5.0066"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mahāpajāpati gotamī</span>ti <span class="bld">gotamī</span>ti gottaṃ. Nāmakaraṇadivase panassā laddhasakkārā brāhmaṇā lakkhaṇasampattiṃ disvā – ‘‘sace ayaṃ dhītaraṃ labhissati, cakkavattirañño aggamahesī bhavissati. Sace puttaṃ labhissati, cakkavattirājā bhavissatīti ubhayathāpi mahatīyevassā pajā bhavissatī’’ti byākariṃsu. Athassā <span class="bld">mahāpajāpatī</span>ti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Idha pana gottena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā <span class="bld">mahāpajāpatigotamī</span>ti vuttaṃ. <span class="bld">Nava</span>nti ahataṃ. <span class="bld">Sāmaṃ vāyita</span>nti na sahattheneva vāyitaṃ, ekadivasaṃ pana dhātigaṇaparivutā sippikānaṃ vāyanaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā vemakoṭiṃ gahetvā vāyanākāraṃ akāsi. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kadā pana gotamiyā bhagavato dussayugaṃ dātuṃ cittaṃ uppannanti. Abhisambodhiṃ patvā paṭhamagamanena kapilapuraṃ āgatakāle. Tadā hi piṇḍāya paviṭṭhaṃ satthāraṃ gahetvā suddhodanamahārājā sakaṃ nivesanaṃ pavesesi, atha bhagavato rūpasobhaggaṃ disvā mahāpajāpatigotamī cintesi – ‘‘sobhati vata me puttassa attabhāvo’’ti. Athassā balavasomanassaṃ uppajji. Tato cintesi – ‘‘mama puttassa ekūnatiṃsa vassāni agāramajjhe vasantassa antamaso mocaphalamattampi mayā dinnakameva ahosi, idānipissa cīvarasāṭakaṃ dassāmī’’ti. ‘‘Imasmiṃ kho pana rājagehe bahūni mahagghāni vatthāni atthi, tāni maṃ na tosenti, sahatthā katameva maṃ toseti, sahatthā katvā dassāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppādesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athantarāpaṇā <a name="M4.0220"></a> kappāsaṃ āharāpetvā sahattheneva <a name="P5.0067"></a> pisitvā pothetvā sukhumasuttaṃ kantitvā antovatthusmiṃyeva sālaṃ kārāpetvā sippike pakkosāpetvā sippikānaṃ attano paribhogakhādanīyabhojanīyameva datvā vāyāpesi, kālānukālañca dhātigaṇaparivutā gantvā vemakoṭiṃ aggahesi. Niṭṭhitakāle sippikānaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ katvā dussayugaṃ gandhasamugge pakkhipitvā vāsaṃ gāhāpetvā – ‘‘mayhaṃ puttassa cīvarasāṭakaṃ gahetvā gamissāmī’’ti rañño ārocesi<a name="V4.0231"></a>. Rājā maggaṃ paṭiyādāpesi, vīthiyo sammajjitvā puṇṇaghaṭe ṭhapetvā dhajapaṭākā ussāpetvā rājagharadvārato paṭṭhāya yāva nigrodhārāmā maggaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā pupphābhikiṇṇaṃ akaṃsu. Mahāpajāpatipi sabbālaṅkāraṃ alaṅkaritvā dhātigaṇaparivutā samuggaṃ sīse ṭhapetvā bhagavato santikaṃ gantvā <span class="bld">idaṃ me, bhante, navaṃ dussayuga</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dutiyampi kho</span>ti ‘‘saṅghe gotami dehī’’ti vutte – ‘‘pahomahaṃ, bhante, dussakoṭṭhāgārato bhikkhusatassāpi bhikkhusahassassāpi bhikkhusatasahassassāpi cīvaradussāni dātuṃ, idaṃ pana me bhagavantaṃ uddissa sāmaṃ kantaṃ sāmaṃ vāyitaṃ, taṃ me, bhante, bhagavā paṭiggaṇhātū’’ti nimantayamānā āha. Evaṃ yāvatatiyaṃ yāci, bhagavāpi paṭikkhipiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kasmā pana bhagavā attano diyyamānaṃ bhikkhusaṅghassa dāpetīti? Mātari anukampāya. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘imissā maṃ ārabbha pubbacetanā muñcacetanā paracetanāti tisso cetanā uppannā, bhikkhusaṅghampissā ārabbha uppajjantu, evamassā cha cetanā ekato hutvā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya pavattissantī’’ti. Vitaṇḍavādī panāha – ‘‘saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphalanti tasmā evaṃ vutta’’nti. So vattabbo – ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ satthu dinnato saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphalataraṃ vadasī’’ti āma vadāmīti. Suttaṃ āharāti. Saṅghe gotami dehi, saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cāti. Kiṃ panassa suttassa ayameva atthoti<a name="P5.0068"></a>? Āma ayamevāti. Yadi evaṃ ‘‘tena hānanda, vighāsādānaṃ pūvaṃ dehī’’ti ca (pāci. 269) ‘‘tena hi tva, kaccāna, vighāsādānaṃ guḷaṃ dehī’’ti (mahāva. 284) ca vacanato vighāsādānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalatarañca bhaveyya. Evampi hi ‘‘satthā attano diyyamānaṃ <a name="M4.0221"></a> dāpetī’’ti. Rājarājamahāmattādayopi attano āgataṃ paṇṇākāraṃ hatthigopakādīnaṃ dāpenti, te rājādīhi mahantatarā bhaveyyuṃ. Tasmā mā evaṃ gaṇha –</p>
<p class="gatha1">‘‘Nayimasmiṃ loke parasmiṃ vā pana,</p>
<p class="gatha2">Buddhena seṭṭho sadiso vā vijjati;</p>
<p class="gatha3">Yamāhuneyyānamaggataṃ gato,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Puññatthikānaṃ vipulaphalesina’’nti. –</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vacanato <a name="V4.0232"></a> hi satthārā uttaritaro dakkhiṇeyyo nāma natthi. Evamassā cha cetanā ekato hutvā dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya bhavissantīti sandhāya yāvatatiyaṃ paṭibāhitvā saṅghassa dāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Pacchimāya janatāya saṅghe cittīkārajananatthaṃ cāpi evamāha. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘ahaṃ na ciraṭṭhitiko, mayhaṃ pana sāsanaṃ bhikkhusaṅghe patiṭṭhahissati, pacchimā janatā saṅghe cittīkāraṃ janetū’’ti yāvatatiyaṃ paṭibāhitvā saṅghassa dāpesi. Evañhi sati – ‘‘satthā attano diyyamānampi saṅghassa dāpesi, saṅgho nāma dakkhiṇeyyo’’ti pacchimā janatā saṅghe cittīkāraṃ uppādetvā cattāro paccaye dātabbe maññissati, saṅgho catūhi paccayehi akilamanto buddhavacanaṃ uggahetvā samaṇadhammaṃ karissati. Evaṃ mama sāsanaṃ pañca vassasahassāni ṭhassatīti. ‘‘Paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, bhagavā’’ti vacanatopi cetaṃ veditabbaṃ ‘‘satthārā uttaritaro dakkhiṇeyyo nāma natthī’’ti. Na hi ānandattherassa mahāpajāpatiyā āghāto vā veraṃ vā atthi. Na thero – ‘‘tassā dakkhiṇā mā mahapphalā ahosī’’ti icchati. Paṇḍito hi thero bahussuto sekkhapaṭisambhidāpatto<a name="P5.0069"></a>, so satthu dinnassa mahapphalabhāve sampassamānova paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, bhagavāti gahaṇatthaṃ yāci.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Puna vitaṇḍavādī āha – ‘‘saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cā’’ti vacanato satthā saṅghapariyāpanno vāti. So vattabbo – ‘‘jānāsi pana tvaṃ kati saraṇāni, kati aveccappasādā’’ti jānanto tīṇīti vakkhati, tato vattabbo – tava laddhiyā satthu saṅghapariyāpannattā dveyeva honti. Evaṃ sante ca – ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imehi <a name="M4.0222"></a> tīhi saraṇagamanehi pabbajjaṃ upasampada’’nti (mahāva. 34) evaṃ anuññātā pabbajjāpi upasampadāpi na ruhati. Tato tvaṃ neva pabbajito asi, na gihi. Sammāsambuddhe ca gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinne bhikkhū uposathampi pavāraṇampi saṅghakammānipi karonti, tāni satthu saṅghapariyāpannattā kuppāni bhaveyyuṃ, na ca honti. Tasmā na vattabbametaṃ ‘‘satthā saṅghapariyāpanno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para377"></a><a name="para377_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">377</span>. <span class="bld">Āpādikā</span>ti saṃvaḍḍhikā, tumhākaṃ hatthapādesu hatthapādakiccaṃ asādhentesu hatthe ca pāde <a name="V4.0233"></a> ca vaḍḍhetvā paṭijaggikāti attho. <span class="bld">Posikā</span>ti divasassa dve tayo vāre nhāpetvā bhojetvā pāyetvā tumhe posesi. <span class="bld">Thaññaṃ pāyesī</span>ti nandakumāro kira bodhisattato katipāheneva daharo, tasmiṃ jāte mahāpajāpati attano puttaṃ dhātīnaṃ datvā sayaṃ bodhisattassa dhātikiccaṃ sādhayamānā attano thaññaṃ pāyesi. Taṃ sandhāya thero evamāha. Iti mahāpajāpatiyā bahūpakārataṃ kathetvā idāni <a name="P5.0070"></a> tathāgatassa bahūpakārataṃ dassento <span class="bld">bhagavāpi, bhante</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">bhagavantaṃ, bhante, āgammā</span>ti bhagavantaṃ paṭicca nissāya sandhāya.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para378"></a><a name="para378_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">378</span>. Atha bhagavā dvīsu upakāresu atirekataraṃ anumodanto <span class="bld">evameta</span>ntiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">yaṃ hānanda, puggalo puggalaṃ āgammā</span>ti yaṃ ācariyapuggalaṃ antevāsikapuggalo āgamma. <span class="bld">Imassānanda, puggalassa iminā puggalenā</span>ti imassa ācariyapuggalassa iminā antevāsikapuggalena. <span class="bld">Na suppaṭikāraṃ vadāmī</span>ti paccūpakāraṃ na sukaraṃ vadāmi, abhivādanādīsu ācariyaṃ disvā abhivādanakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">abhivādanaṃ</span> nāma. Yasmiṃ vā disābhāge ācariyo vasati, iriyāpathe vā kappento tadabhimukho vanditvā gacchati, vanditvā nisīdati, vanditvā nipajjati, ācariyaṃ pana dūratova disvā paccuṭṭhāya paccuggamanakaraṇaṃ <span class="bld">paccuṭṭhānaṃ</span> nāma. Ācariyaṃ pana disvā añjaliṃ paggayha sīse ṭhapetvā ācariyaṃ namassati, yasmiṃ vā disābhāge so vasati, tadabhimukhopi tatheva namassati, gacchantopi ṭhitopi nisinnopi añjaliṃ paggayha namassatiyevāti idaṃ <span class="bld">añjalikammaṃ</span> nāma. Anucchavikakammassa pana karaṇaṃ <span class="bld">sāmīcikammaṃ</span> nāma. Cīvarādīsu cīvaraṃ dento na yaṃ vā taṃ vā deti, mahagghaṃ satamūlikampi pañcasatamūlikampi sahassamūlikampi detiyeva<a name="M4.0223"></a>. Piṇḍapātādīsupi eseva nayo. Kiṃ bahunā, catūhi paṇītapaccayehi cakkavāḷantaraṃ pūretvā sinerupabbatena kūṭaṃ gahetvā dentopi ācariyassa anucchavikaṃ kiriyaṃ kātuṃ na sakkotiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para379"></a><a name="para379_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">379</span>. <span class="bld">Cuddasa kho panimā</span>ti kasmā ārabhi? Idaṃ suttaṃ pāṭipuggalikaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ ārabbha samuṭṭhitaṃ. Ānandattheropi ‘‘paṭiggaṇhātu, bhante, bhagavā’’ti pāṭipuggalikadakkhiṇaṃyeva <a name="P5.0071"></a> samādapeti, cuddasasu ca ṭhānesu dinnadānaṃ pāṭipuggalikaṃ nāma hotīti dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ paṭhamā</span>ti ayaṃ dakkhiṇā guṇavasenapi paṭhamā jeṭṭhakavasenapi. Ayañhi paṭhamā aggā jeṭṭhikā, imissā dakkhiṇāya pamāṇaṃ nāma natthi. Dutiyatatiyāpi <a name="V4.0234"></a> paramadakkhiṇāyeva, sesā paramadakkhiṇabhāvaṃ na pāpuṇanti. <span class="bld">Bāhirake kāmesu vītarāge</span>ti kammavādikiriyavādimhi lokiyapañcābhiññe. <span class="bld">Puthujjanasīlavante</span>ti puthujjanasīlavā nāma gosīladhātuko hoti, asaṭho amāyāvī paraṃ apīḷetvā dhammena samena kasiyā vā vaṇijjāya vā jīvikaṃ kappetā. <span class="bld">Puthujjanadussīle</span>ti puthujjanadussīlā nāma kevaṭṭamacchabandhādayo paraṃ pīḷāya jīvikaṃ kappetā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni pāṭipuggalikadakkhiṇāya vipākaṃ paricchindanto <span class="bld">tatrānandā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tiracchānagate</span>ti yaṃ guṇavasena upakāravasena posanatthaṃ dinnaṃ, idaṃ na gahitaṃ. Yampi ālopaaḍḍhaālopamattaṃ dinnaṃ, tampi na gahitaṃ. Yaṃ pana sunakhasūkarakukkuṭakākādīsu yassa kassaci sampattassa phalaṃ paṭikaṅkhitvā yāvadatthaṃ dinnaṃ, idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘tiracchānagate dānaṃ datvā’’ti. <span class="bld">Sataguṇā</span>ti satānisaṃsā. <span class="bld">Pāṭikaṅkhitabbā</span>ti icchitabbā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ayaṃ dakkhiṇā āyusataṃ vaṇṇasataṃ sukhasataṃ balasataṃ paṭibhānasatanti pañca ānisaṃsasatāni deti, attabhāvasate <a name="P5.0072"></a> āyuṃ deti, vaṇṇaṃ, sukhaṃ, balaṃ, paṭibhānaṃ deti, nipparitasaṃ karoti. Bhavasatepi vutte ayameva attho. Iminā upāyena sabbattha nayo netabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne</span>ti ettha heṭṭhimakoṭiyā tisaraṇaṃ gato upāsakopi sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno nāma, tasmiṃ dinnadānampi asaṅkhyeyyaṃ appameyyaṃ. Pañcasīle patiṭṭhitassa tato uttari mahapphalaṃ, dasasīle patiṭṭhitassa tato <a name="M4.0224"></a> uttari, tadahupabbajitassa sāmaṇerassa tato uttari, upasampannabhikkhuno tato uttari, upasampannasseva vattasampannassa tato uttari, vipassakassa tato uttari, āraddhavipassakassa tato uttari, uttamakoṭiyā pana maggasamaṅgī sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanno nāma. Etassa dinnadānaṃ tato uttari mahapphalameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana maggasamaṅgissa sakkā dānaṃ dātunti? Āma sakkā. Āraddhavipassako hi pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati, tassa gehadvāre ṭhitassa hatthato pattaṃ gahetvā khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ pakkhipanti. Tasmiṃ khaṇe bhikkhuno maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, idaṃ dānaṃ maggasamaṅgino dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Atha vā panesa āsanasālāya nisinno hoti, manussā gantvā <a name="V4.0235"></a> patte khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ ṭhapenti, tasmiṃ khaṇe tassa maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, idampi dānaṃ maggasamaṅgino dinnaṃ nāma. Atha vā panassa vihāre vā āsanasālāya vā nisinnassa upāsakā pattaṃ ādāya attano gharaṃ gantvā khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ pakkhipanti, tasmiṃ khaṇe tassa maggavuṭṭhānaṃ hoti, idampi dānaṃ maggasamaṅgino dinnaṃ nāma. Tattha <a name="P5.0073"></a> soṇḍiyaṃ udakassa viya sotāpattiphalasacchikiriyāya paṭipanne dinnadānassa asaṅkhyeyyatā veditabbā. Tāsu tāsu mahānadīsu mahāsamudde ca udakassa viya sotāpannādīsu dinnadānassa uttaritaravasena asaṅkhyeyyatā veditabbā. Pathaviyā khayamaṇḍalamatte padese paṃsuṃ ādiṃ katvā yāva mahāpathaviyā paṃsuno appameyyatāyapi ayamattho dīpetabbo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para380"></a><a name="para380_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">380</span>. <span class="bld">Satta kho panimā</span>ti kasmā ārabhi? ‘‘Saṅghe gotami dehi, saṅghe te dinne ahañceva pūjito bhavissāmi saṅgho cā’’ti hi vuttaṃ, tattha sattasu ṭhānesu dinnadānaṃ saṅghe dinnaṃ nāma hotīti dassetuṃ imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tattha <span class="bld">buddhappamukhe ubhatosaṅghe</span>ti ekato bhikkhusaṅgho, ekato bhikkhunisaṅgho, satthā majjhe nisinno hotīti ayaṃ buddhappamukho ubhatosaṅgho nāma. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ paṭhamā</span>ti imāya dakkhiṇāya samappamāṇā dakkhiṇā nāma natthi. Dutiyadakkhiṇādayo pana etaṃ paramadakkhiṇaṃ na pāpuṇanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ <a name="M4.0225"></a> pana tathāgate parinibbute buddhappamukhassa ubhatosaṅghassa dānaṃ dātuṃ sakkāti? Sakkā. Kathaṃ? Ubhatosaṅghassa hi pamukhe sadhātukaṃ paṭimaṃ āsane ṭhapetvā ādhārakaṃ ṭhapetvā dakkhiṇodakaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbaṃ satthu paṭhamaṃ datvā ubhatosaṅghassa dātabbaṃ, evaṃ buddhappamukhassa ubhatosaṅghassa dānaṃ dinnaṃ nāma hoti. Tattha yaṃ satthu dinnaṃ, taṃ kiṃ kātabbanti? Yo satthāraṃ paṭijaggati vattasampanno bhikkhu, tassa dātabbaṃ. Pitusantakañhi puttassa pāpuṇāti, bhikkhusaṅghassa dātumpi vaṭṭati, sappitelāni pana gahetvā dīpā jalitabbā, sāṭakaṃ gahetvā paṭākā āropetabbāti. <span class="bld">Bhikkhusaṅghe</span>ti <a name="P5.0074"></a> aparicchinnakamahābhikkhusaṅghe. Bhikkhunisaṅghepi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Gotrabhuno</span>ti gottamattakameva anubhavamānā, nāmamattasamaṇāti attho. <span class="bld">Kāsāvakaṇṭhā</span>ti kāsāvakaṇṭhanāmakā. Te kira ekaṃ kāsāvakhaṇḍaṃ hatthe vā gīvāya vā bandhitvā vicarissanti<a name="V4.0236"></a>. Gharadvāraṃ pana tesaṃ puttabhariyā kasivaṇijjādikammāni ca pākatikāneva bhavissanti. <span class="bld">Tesu dussīlesu saṅghaṃ uddissa dānaṃ dassantī</span>ti ettha dussīlasaṅghanti na vuttaṃ. Saṅgho hi dussīlo nāma natthi. Dussīlā pana upāsakā tesu dussīlesu bhikkhusaṅghaṃ uddissa saṅghassa demāti dānaṃ dassanti. Iti bhagavatā buddhappamukhe saṅghe dinnadakkhiṇāpi guṇasaṅkhāya asaṅkhyeyyāti vuttaṃ. Kāsāvakaṇṭhasaṅghe dinnadakkhiṇāpi guṇasaṅkhāyeva asaṅkhyeyyāti vuttā. Saṅghagatā dakkhiṇā hi saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkontassa hoti, saṅghe pana cittīkāro dukkaro hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo hi saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dassāmīti deyyadhammaṃ paṭiyādetvā vihāraṃ gantvā, – ‘‘bhante, saṅghaṃ uddissa ekaṃ theraṃ dethā’’ti vadati, atha saṅghato sāmaṇeraṃ labhitvā ‘‘sāmaṇero me laddho’’ti aññathattaṃ āpajjati, tassa dakkhiṇā saṅghagatā na hoti. Mahātheraṃ labhitvāpi ‘‘mahāthero me laddho’’ti somanassaṃ uppādentassāpi na hotiyeva. Yo pana sāmaṇeraṃ vā upasampannaṃ vā daharaṃ vā theraṃ vā bālaṃ vā paṇḍitaṃ vā yaṃkiñci saṅghato labhitvā nibbematiko hutvā saṅghassa demīti saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkoti, tassa dakkhiṇā saṅghagatā nāma hoti. Parasamuddavāsino <a name="P5.0075"></a> kira evaṃ karonti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <a name="M4.0226"></a> hi eko vihārasāmi kuṭumbiko ‘‘saṅghagataṃ dakkhiṇaṃ dassāmī’’ti saṅghato uddisitvā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ dethāti yāci. So ekaṃ dussīlabhikkhuṃ labhitvā nisinnaṭṭhānaṃ opuñjāpetvā āsanaṃ paññāpetvā upari vitānaṃ bandhitvā gandhadhūmapupphehi pūjetvā pāde dhovitvā telena makkhetvā buddhassa nipaccakāraṃ karonto viya saṅghe cittīkārena deyyadhammaṃ adāsi. So bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ vihārajagganatthāya kudālakaṃ dethāti gharadvāraṃ āgato, upāsako nisinnova kudālaṃ pādena khipitvā ‘‘gaṇhā’’ti adāsi. Tamenaṃ manussā āhaṃsu – ‘‘tumhehi pātova etassa katasakkāro vattuṃ na sakkā, idāni upacāramattakampi natthi, kiṃ nāmeta’’nti. Upāsako – ‘‘saṅghassa so ayyā cittīkāro, na etassā’’ti āha. Kāsāvakaṇṭhasaṅghassa dinnadakkhiṇaṃ pana ko sodhetīti? Sāriputtamoggallānādayo asīti mahātherā sodhentīti. Apica therā ciraparinibbutā, there ādiṃ katvā yāvajja dharamānā khīṇāsavā sodhentiyeva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Na tvevāhaṃ</span><a name="V4.0237"></a>, <span class="bld">ānanda, kenaci pariyāyena saṅghagatāya dakkhiṇāyā</span>ti ettha atthi buddhappamukho saṅgho, atthi etarahi saṅgho, atthi anāgate kāsāvakaṇṭhasaṅgho. Buddhappamukho saṅgho etarahi saṅghena na upanetabbo, etarahi saṅgho anāgate kāsāvakaṇṭhasaṅghena saddhiṃ na upanetabbo. Tena teneva samayena kathetabbaṃ. Saṅghato uddisitvā gahitasamaṇaputhujjano hi pāṭipuggaliko sotāpanno, saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkontassa puthujjanasamaṇe dinnaṃ mahapphalataraṃ. Uddisitvā gahito sotāpanno pāṭipuggaliko sakadāgāmītiādīsupi eseva nayo. Saṅghe cittīkāraṃ kātuṃ sakkontassa hi khīṇāsave dinnadānato uddisitvā gahite dussīlepi dinnaṃ mahapphalatarameva<a name="P5.0076"></a>. Yaṃ pana vuttaṃ ‘‘sīlavato kho, mahārāja, dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, no tathā dussīle’’ti, taṃ imaṃ nayaṃ pahāya ‘‘catasso kho imānanda, dakkhiṇā visuddhiyo’’ti imasmiṃ catukke daṭṭhabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para381"></a><a name="para381_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">381</span>. <span class="bld">Dāyakato visujjhatī</span>ti mahapphalabhāvena visujjhati, mahapphalā hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Kalyāṇadhammo</span>ti sucidhammo, na pāpadhammo. <span class="bld">Dāyakato visujjhatī</span>ti cettha vessantaramahārājā kathetabbo. So hi jūjakabrāhmaṇassa dārake datvā pathaviṃ kampesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Paṭiggāhakato</span> <a name="M4.0227"></a> <span class="bld">visujjhatī</span>ti ettha kalyāṇīnadīmukhadvāravāsikevaṭṭo kathetabbo. So kira dīghasomattherassa tikkhattumpi piṇḍapātaṃ datvā maraṇamañce nipanno ‘‘ayyassa maṃ dīghasomattherassa dinnapiṇḍapāto uddharatī’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Neva dāyakato</span>ti ettha vaḍḍhamānavāsiluddako kathetabbo. So kira petadakkhiṇaṃ dento ekassa dussīlasseva tayo vāre adāsi, tatiyavāre ‘‘amanusso dussīlo maṃ vilumpatī’’ti viravi, ekassa sīlavantabhikkhuno datvā pāpitakāleyevassa pāpuṇi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Dāyakato ceva visujjhatī</span>ti ettha asadisadānaṃ kathetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Sā dakkhiṇā dāyakato visujjhatī</span>ti ettha yathā nāma cheko kassako asārampi khettaṃ labhitvā samaye kasitvā paṃsuṃ apanetvā sārabījāni patiṭṭhapetvā rattindivaṃ ārakkhe <a name="P5.0077"></a> pamādaṃ anāpajjanto <a name="V4.0238"></a> aññassa sārakhettato adhikataraṃ dhaññaṃ labhati, evaṃ sīlavā dussīlassa datvāpi phalaṃ mahantaṃ adhigacchatīti. Iminā upāyena sabbapadesu visujjhanaṃ veditabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vītarāgo vītarāgesū</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">vītarāgo</span> nāma anāgāmī, arahā pana ekantavītarāgova, tasmā arahatā arahato dinnadānameva aggaṃ. Kasmā? Bhavālayassa bhavapatthanāya abhāvato. Nanu khīṇāsavo dānaphalaṃ na saddahatīti? Dānaphalaṃ saddahantā khīṇāsavasadisā na honti. Khīṇāsavena katakammaṃ pana nicchandarāgattā kusalaṃ vā akusalaṃ vā na hoti, kiriyaṭṭhāne tiṭṭhati, tenevassa dānaṃ aggaṃ hotīti vadanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kiṃ pana sammāsambuddhena sāriputtattherassa dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, udāhu sāriputtattherena sammāsambuddhassa dinnanti. Sammāsambuddhena sāriputtattherassa dinnaṃ mahapphalanti vadanti. Sammāsambuddhañhi ṭhapetvā añño dānassa vipākaṃ jānituṃ samattho nāma natthi. Dānañhi catūhi sampadāhi dātuṃ sakkontassa tasmiṃyeva attabhāve vipākaṃ deti. Tatrimā sampadā – deyyadhammassa dhammena <a name="M4.0228"></a> samena paraṃ apīḷetvā uppannatā, pubbacetanādivasena cetanāya mahattatā, khīṇāsavabhāvena guṇātirekatā, taṃdivasaṃ nirodhato vuṭṭhitabhāvena vatthusampannatāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Dakkhiṇāvibhaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<a name="mn3_4"></a>
<p class="chapter">5. Saḷāyatanavaggo</p>
<p class="subhead">1. Anāthapiṇḍikovādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para383"></a><a name="para383_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">383</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0239"></a><a name="M4.0229"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti anāthapiṇḍikovādasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">bāḷhagilāno</span>ti adhimattagilāno maraṇaseyyaṃ upagato. <span class="bld">Āmantesī</span>ti <a name="P5.0078"></a> gahapatissa kira yāva pādā vahiṃsu, tāva divase sakiṃ vā dvikkhattuṃ vā tikkhattuṃ vā buddhupaṭṭhānaṃ akhaṇḍaṃ akāsi. Yattakañcassa satthu upaṭṭhānaṃ ahosi, tattakaṃyeva mahātherānaṃ. So ajja gamanapādassa pacchinnattā anuṭṭhānaseyyaṃ upagato sāsanaṃ pesetukāmo aññataraṃ purisaṃ āmantesi. <span class="bld">Tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti bhagavantaṃ āpucchitvā sūriyatthaṅgamanavelāya upasaṅkami.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para384"></a><a name="para384_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">384</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭikkamantī</span>ti osakkanti, tanukā bhavanti. <span class="bld">Abhikkamantī</span>ti abhivaḍḍhanti ottharanti, balavatiyo honti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Abhikkamosānaṃ paññāyati no paṭikkamo</span>ti yasmiñhi samaye māraṇantikā vedanā uppajjati, uparivāte jalitaggi viya hoti, yāva usmā na pariyādiyati, tāva mahatāpi upakkamena na sakkā vūpasametuṃ, usmāya pana pariyādinnāya vūpasammati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para385"></a><a name="para385_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">385</span>. Athāyasmā sāriputto cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ mahāseṭṭhissa vedanā māraṇantikā, na sakkā paṭibāhituṃ, avasesā kathā niratthakā, dhammakathamassa kathessāmī’’ti. Atha naṃ taṃ kathento <span class="bld">tasmātihā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">tasmā</span>ti yasmā cakkhuṃ tīhi gāhehi gaṇhanto uppannaṃ māraṇantikaṃ vedanaṃ paṭibāhituṃ samattho nāma natthi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Na cakkhuṃ upādiyissāmī</span>ti cakkhuṃ <a name="V4.0240"></a> tīhi gāhehi na gaṇhissāmi. <span class="bld">Na ca me cakkhunissitaṃ viññāṇa</span>nti viññāṇañcāpi me cakkhunissitaṃ na bhavissati. <span class="bld">Na rūpa</span>nti heṭṭhā āyatanarūpaṃ kathitaṃ, imasmiṃ ṭhāne sabbampi kāmabhavarūpaṃ kathento evamāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para386"></a><a name="para386_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">386</span>. <span class="bld">Na idhaloka</span>nti vasanaṭṭhānaṃ vā ghāsacchādanaṃ vā <a name="P5.0079"></a> na upādiyissāmīti attho. Idañhi paccayesu aparitassanatthaṃ kathitaṃ. <span class="bld">Na paraloka</span>nti <a name="M4.0230"></a> ettha pana manussalokaṃ ṭhapetvā sesā paralokā nāma. Idaṃ – ‘‘asukadevaloke nibbattitvā asukaṭṭhāne bhavissāmi, idaṃ nāma khādissāmi bhuñjissāmi nivāsessāmi pārupissāmī’’ti evarūpāya paritassanāya pahānatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Tampi na upādiyissāmi, na ca me tannissitaṃ viññāṇaṃ bhavissatīti evaṃ tīhi gāhehi parimocetvā thero desanaṃ arahattanikūṭena niṭṭhapesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para387"></a><a name="para387_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">387</span>. <span class="bld">Olīyasī</span>ti attano sampattiṃ disvā ārammaṇesu bajjhasi allīyasīti. Iti āyasmā ānando – ‘‘ayampi nāma gahapati evaṃ saddho pasanno maraṇabhayassa bhāyati, añño ko na bhāyissatī’’ti maññamāno tassa gāḷhaṃ katvā ovādaṃ dento evamāha. <span class="bld">Na ca me evarūpī dhammīkathā sutapubbā</span>ti ayaṃ upāsako – ‘‘satthu santikāpi me evarūpī dhammakathā na sutapubbā’’ti vadati, kiṃ satthā evarūpi sukhumaṃ gambhīrakathaṃ na kathetīti? No na katheti. Evaṃ pana cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni cha bāhirāni cha viññāṇakāye cha phassakāye cha vedanākāye cha dhātuyo pañcakkhandhe cattāro arūpe idhalokañca paralokañca dassetvā diṭṭhasutamutaviññātavasena arahatte pakkhipitvā kathitakathā etena na sutapubbā, tasmā evaṃ vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Apicāyaṃ upāsako dānādhimutto dānābhirato buddhānaṃ santikaṃ gacchanto <a name="P5.0080"></a> tucchahattho na gatapubbo. Purebhattaṃ gacchanto yāgukhajjakādīni gāhāpetvā gacchati, pacchābhattaṃ sappimadhuphāṇitādīni. Tasmiṃ asati vālikaṃ gāhāpetvā gandhakuṭipariveṇe okirāpeti, dānaṃ datvā sīlaṃ rakkhitvā gehaṃ gato. Bodhisattagatiko kiresa upāsako, tasmā bhagavā catuvīsati saṃvaccharāni upāsakassa yebhuyyena dānakathameva kathesi – ‘‘upāsaka, idaṃ dānaṃ nāma bodhisattānaṃ gatamaggo, mayhampi gatamaggo, mayā satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni <a name="V4.0241"></a> dānaṃ dinnaṃ, tvaṃ mayā gatamaggameva anugacchasī’’ti. Dhammasenāpatiādayo mahāsāvakāpi attano attano santikaṃ āgatakāle dānakathamevassa kathenti. Tenevāha <span class="bld">na kho gahapati gihīnaṃ odātavasanānaṃ evarūpī dhammīkathā paṭibhātī</span>ti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – gahapati gihīnaṃ nāma khettavatthuhiraññasuvaṇṇadāsīdāsaputtabhariyādīsu tibbo ālayo tibbaṃ nikantipariyuṭṭhānaṃ<a name="M4.0231"></a>, tesaṃ – ‘‘ettha ālayo na kātabbo, nikanti na kātabbā’’ti kathā na paṭibhāti na ruccatīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamī</span>ti kasmā upasaṅkami? Tusitabhavane kirassa nibbattamattasseva tigāvutappamāṇaṃ suvaṇṇakkhandhaṃ viya vijjotamānaṃ attabhāvaṃ uyyānavimānādisampattiñca disvā – ‘‘mahatī ayaṃ mayhaṃ sampatti, kiṃ nu kho me manussapathe kammaṃ kata’’nti olokento tīsu ratanesu adhikāraṃ disvā cintesi ‘‘pamādaṭṭhānamidaṃ devattaṃ nāma, imāya hi me sampattiyā modamānassa satisammosopi siyā, handāhaṃ gantvā mama jetavanassa ceva bhikkhusaṅghassa ca tathāgatassa ca ariyamaggassa ca sāriputtattherassa ca vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā tato āgantvā sampattiṃ anubhavissāmī’’ti. So tathā <a name="P5.0081"></a> akāsi. Taṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tattha <span class="bld">isisaṅghanisevita</span>nti bhikkhusaṅghanisevitaṃ. Evaṃ paṭhamagāthāya jetavanassa vaṇṇaṃ kathetvā idāni ariyamaggassa vaṇṇaṃ kathento <span class="bld">kammaṃ vijjā cā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">kamma</span>nti maggacetanā. <span class="bld">Vijjā</span>ti maggapaññā. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti samādhipakkhiko dhammo. <span class="bld">Sīlaṃ jīvitamuttama</span>nti sīle patiṭṭhitassa jīvitaṃ uttamanti dasseti. Atha vā <span class="bld">vijjā</span>ti diṭṭhisaṅkappo. <span class="bld">Dhammo</span>ti vāyāmasatisamādhayo. <span class="bld">Sīla</span>nti vācākammantājīvā. <span class="bld">Jīvitamuttama</span>nti etasmiṃ sīle patiṭṭhitassa jīvitaṃ nāma uttamaṃ. <span class="bld">Etena maccā sujjhantī</span>ti etena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena sattā visujjhanti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā maggena sujjhanti, na gottadhanehi, tasmā. <span class="bld">Yoniso vicine dhamma</span>nti upāyena samādhipakkhiyaṃ dhammaṃ vicineyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ tattha visujjhatī</span>ti evaṃ tasmiṃ ariyamagge visujjhati<a name="V4.0242"></a>. Atha vā <span class="bld">yoniso vicine dhamma</span>nti upāyena pañcakkhandhadhammaṃ vicineyya. <span class="bld">Evaṃ tattha visujjhatī</span>ti evaṃ tesu catūsu saccesu visujjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Idāni sāriputtattherassa vaṇṇaṃ kathento <span class="bld">sāriputto vā</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">sāriputto vā</span>ti avadhāraṇavacanaṃ. Etehi paññādīhi sāriputtova seyyoti vadati. <span class="bld">Upasamenā</span>ti kilesaupasamena. <span class="bld">Pāraṅgato</span>ti <a name="M4.0232"></a> nibbānaṃ gato. Yo koci nibbānaṃ patto bhikkhu, so etāvaparamo siyā, na therena uttaritaro nāma atthīti vadati. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Anāthapiṇḍikovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">2. Channovādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para389"></a><a name="para389_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">389</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0243"></a><a name="P5.0082"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti channovādasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">channo</span>ti evaṃnāmako thero, na abhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhantatthero. <span class="bld">Paṭisallānā</span>ti phalasamāpattito. <span class="bld">Gilānapucchakā</span>ti gilānupaṭṭhānaṃ nāma buddhavaṇṇitaṃ, tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Sattha</span>nti jīvitahārakasatthaṃ. <span class="bld">Nāvakaṅkhāmī</span>ti icchāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para390"></a><a name="para390_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">390</span>. <span class="bld">Anupavajja</span>nti anuppattikaṃ appaṭisandhikaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para391"></a><a name="para391_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">391</span>. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mamā</span>tiādīni taṇhāmānadiṭṭhigāhavasena vuttāni. <span class="bld">Nirodhaṃ disvā</span>ti khayavayaṃ ñatvā. <span class="bld">Netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attāti samanupassāmī</span>ti aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattāti samanupassāmi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para393"></a><a name="para393_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">393</span>. <span class="bld">Tasmā</span>ti yasmā māraṇantikavedanaṃ adhivāsetuṃ asakkonto satthaṃ āharāmīti vadati, tasmā. Puthujjano āyasmā, tena idampi manasi karohīti dīpeti. <span class="bld">Niccakappa</span>nti niccakālaṃ. <span class="bld">Nissitassā</span>ti taṇhādiṭṭhīhi nissitassa. <span class="bld">Calita</span>nti <a name="P5.0083"></a> vipphanditaṃ hoti. <span class="bld">Passaddhī</span>ti kāyacittapassaddhi, kilesapassaddhi nāma hotīti attho. <span class="bld">Natī</span>ti taṇhānati. <span class="bld">Natiyā asatī</span>ti bhavatthāya ālayanikantipariyuṭṭhānesu asati. <span class="bld">Āgatigati na hotī</span>ti paṭisandhivasena āgati nāma na hoti, cutivasena gamanaṃ nāma na hoti. <span class="bld">Cutūpapāto</span>ti cavanavasena cuti, upapajjanavasena upapāto. <span class="bld">Nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarenā</span>ti nayidha loke, na paraloke, na ubhayattha hoti. <span class="bld">Esevanto dukkhassā</span>ti vaṭṭadukkhakilesadukkhassa ayameva anto ayaṃ paricchedo <a name="M4.0233"></a> parivaṭumabhāvo hoti. Ayameva hi ettha attho. Ye pana ‘‘na ubhayamantarenā’’ti vacanaṃ gahetvā antarābhavaṃ icchanti, tesaṃ uttaraṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para394"></a><a name="para394_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">394</span>. <span class="bld">Satthaṃ āharesī</span>ti jīvitahārakaṃ satthaṃ āhari, kaṇṭhanāḷiṃ chindi. Athassa tasmiṃ <a name="V4.0244"></a> khaṇe maraṇabhayaṃ okkami, gatinimittaṃ upaṭṭhāsi. So attano puthujjanabhāvaṃ ñatvā saṃviggo vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā saṅkhāre pariggaṇhanto arahattaṃ patvā samasīsī hutvā parinibbāyi. <span class="bld">Sammukhāyeva anupavajjatā byākatā</span>ti kiñcāpi idaṃ therassa puthujjanakāle byākaraṇaṃ hoti, etena pana byākaraṇena anantarāyamassa parinibbānaṃ ahosi. Tasmā bhagavā tameva byākaraṇaṃ gahetvā kathesi. <span class="bld">Upavajjakulānī</span>ti <a name="P5.0084"></a> upasaṅkamitabbakulāni. Iminā thero, – ‘‘bhante, evaṃ upaṭṭhākesu ca upaṭṭhāyikāsu ca vijjamānāsu so bhikkhu tumhākaṃ sāsane parinibbāyissatī’’ti pucchati. Athassa bhagavā kulesu saṃsaggābhāvaṃ dīpento <span class="bld">honti hete sāriputtā</span>tiādimāha. Imasmiṃ kira ṭhāne therassa kulesu asaṃsaṭṭhabhāvo pākaṭo ahosi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Channovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">3. Puṇṇovādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para395"></a><a name="para395_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">395</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0245"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti puṇṇovādasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisallānā</span>ti ekībhāvā. <span class="bld">Taṃ ce</span>ti taṃ cakkhuñceva rūpañca. <span class="bld">Nandīsamudayā dukkhasamudayo</span>ti nandiyā taṇhāya samodhānena pañcakkhandhadukkhassa samodhānaṃ hoti. Iti chasu dvāresu dukkhaṃ samudayoti dvinnaṃ saccānaṃ vasena vaṭṭaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dassesi. Dutiyanaye nirodho maggoti dvinnaṃ saccānaṃ vasena vivaṭṭaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā dassesi. <span class="bld">Iminā ca tvaṃ puṇṇā</span>ti pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Evaṃ tāva vaṭṭavivaṭṭavasena desanaṃ arahatte pakkhipitvā idāni puṇṇattheraṃ sattasu ṭhānesu sīhanādaṃ nadāpetuṃ <span class="bld">iminā ca tva</span>ntiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para396"></a><a name="para396_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">396</span>. <span class="bld">Caṇḍā</span>ti <a name="M4.0234"></a> duṭṭhā kibbisā. <span class="bld">Pharusā</span>ti kakkhaḷā. <span class="bld">Akkosissantī</span>ti <a name="P5.0085"></a> dasahi akkosavatthūhi akkosissanti. <span class="bld">Paribhāsissantī</span>ti kiṃ samaṇo nāma tvaṃ, idañca idañca te karissāmāti tajjessanti. <span class="bld">Evametthā</span>ti evaṃ mayhaṃ ettha bhavissati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Daṇḍenā</span>ti catuhatthena daṇḍena vā ghaṭikamuggarena vā. <span class="bld">Satthenā</span>ti ekatodhārādinā. <span class="bld">Satthahārakaṃ pariyesantī</span>ti jīvitahārakaṃ satthaṃ pariyesanti. Idaṃ thero tatiyapārājikavatthusmiṃ asubhakathaṃ sutvā attabhāvena jigucchantānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ satthahārakapariyesanaṃ sandhāyāha. <span class="bld">Damūpasamenā</span>ti ettha <span class="bld">damo</span>ti indriyasaṃvarādīnaṃ etaṃ nāmaṃ. ‘‘Saccena danto damasā upeto, vedantagū vusitabrahmacariyo’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.195; su. ni. 467) ettha hi indriyasaṃvaro damoti vutto. ‘‘Yadi saccā damā cāgā, khantyā bhiyyodha vijjatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.246; su. ni. 191) ettha paññā damoti vutto. ‘‘Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjenā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.166; ma. ni. 2.226) ettha uposathakammaṃ damoti vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana sutte khanti damoti veditabbā. <span class="bld">Upasamo</span>ti tasseva vevacanaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para397"></a><a name="para397_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">397</span>. <span class="bld">Atha kho āyasmā puṇṇo</span>ti ko panesa puṇṇo, kasmā panettha gantukāmo ahosīti<a name="V4.0246"></a>. Sunāparantavāsiko eva eso, sāvatthiyaṃ pana asappāyavihāraṃ sallakkhetvā tattha gantukāmo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā – sunāparantaraṭṭhe <a name="P5.0086"></a> kira ekasmiṃ vāṇijakagāme ete dve bhātaro. Tesu kadāci jeṭṭho pañca sakaṭasatāni gahetvā janapadaṃ gantvā bhaṇḍaṃ āharati, kadāci kaniṭṭho. Imasmiṃ pana samaye kaniṭṭhaṃ ghare ṭhapetvā jeṭṭhabhātiko pañca sakaṭasatāni gahetvā janapadacārikaṃ caranto anupubbena sāvatthiṃ patvā jetavanassa nātidūre sakaṭasatthaṃ nivāsetvā bhuttapātarāso parijanaparivuto phāsukaṭṭhāne nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tena ca samayena sāvatthivāsino bhuttapātarāsā uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya suddhuttarāsaṅgā gandhapupphādihatthā yena buddho yena dhammo yena saṅgho, tanninnā tappoṇā tappābbhārā hutvā dakkhiṇadvārena nikkhamitvā jetavanaṃ <a name="M4.0235"></a> gacchanti. So te disvā ‘‘kahaṃ ime gacchanti’’ti ekamanussaṃ pucchi. Kiṃ tvaṃ ayyo na jānāsi, loke buddhadhammasaṅgharatanāni nāma uppannāni, iccesa mahājano satthu santike dhammakathaṃ sotuṃ gacchatīti. Tassa buddhoti vacanaṃ chavicammādīni chinditvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca aṭṭhāsi. Atha attano parijanaparivuto tāya parisāya saddhiṃ vihāraṃ gantvā satthu madhurassarena dhammaṃ desentassa parisapariyante ṭhito dhammaṃ sutvā pabbajjāya cittaṃ uppādesi. Atha tathāgatena kālaṃ viditvā parisāya uyyojitāya satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā svātanāya nimantetvā dutiyadivase maṇḍapaṃ kāretvā āsanāni paññapetvā buddhappamukhassa saṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā bhuttapātarāso uposathaṅgāni adhiṭṭhāya bhaṇḍāgārikaṃ pakkosāpetvā, ettakaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ vissajjitaṃ, ettakaṃ na vissajjitanti sabbaṃ ācikkhitvā – ‘‘imaṃ sāpateyyaṃ mayhaṃ kaniṭṭhassa dehī’’ti sabbaṃ niyyātetvā satthu santike pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhānaparāyaṇo ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athassa <a name="P5.0087"></a> kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ na upaṭṭhāti. Tato cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ janapado mayhaṃ asappāyo, yaṃnūnāhaṃ satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā sakaṭṭhānameva gaccheyya’’nti. Atha pubbaṇhasamaye piṇḍāya caritvā sāyanhasamaye paṭisallānā vuṭṭhahitvā bhagavantaṃ <a name="V4.0247"></a> upasaṅkamitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpetvā satta sīhanāde naditvā pakkāmi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā puṇṇo…pe… viharatī’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Kattha panāyaṃ vihāsīti? Catūsu ṭhānesu vihāsi, sunāparantaraṭṭhaṃ tāva pavisitvā <span class="bld">ajjuhatthapabbate</span> nāma pavisitvā vāṇijagāmaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha naṃ kaniṭṭhabhātā sañjānitvā bhikkhaṃ datvā, ‘‘bhante, aññattha agantvā idheva vasathā’’ti paṭiññaṃ kāretvā tattheva vasāpesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <span class="bld">samuddagirivihāraṃ</span> nāma agamāsi. Tattha ayakantapāsāṇehi paricchinditvā katacaṅkamo atthi, taṃ koci caṅkamituṃ samattho nāma natthi. Tattha samuddavīciyo āgantvā ayakantapāsāṇesu paharitvā mahāsaddaṃ karonti. Theronaṃ – ‘‘kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarontānaṃ phāsuvihāro hotū’’ti samuddaṃ nissaddaṃ katvā adhiṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tato <a name="M4.0236"></a> <span class="bld">mātulagiriṃ</span> nāma agamāsi. Tattha sakuṇasaṅgho ussanno, rattiñca divā ca saddo ekābaddhova hoti, thero imaṃ ṭhānaṃ aphāsukanti tato <span class="bld">makulakārāmavihāraṃ</span> nāma gato. So vāṇijagāmassa nātidūro naccāsanno gamanāgamanasampanno vivitto appasaddo. Thero imaṃ ṭhānaṃ phāsukanti tattha rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānacaṅkamanādīni kāretvā vassaṃ upagacchi. Evaṃ catūsu ṭhānesu vihāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Athekadivasaṃ <a name="P5.0088"></a> tasmiṃyeva antovasse pañca vāṇijasatāni parasamuddaṃ gacchāmāti nāvāya bhaṇḍaṃ pakkhipiṃsu. Nāvārohanadivase therassa kaniṭṭhabhātā theraṃ bhojetvā therassa santike sikkhāpadāni gahetvā vanditvā gacchanto, – ‘‘bhante, mahāsamuddo nāma appameyyo anekantarāyo, amhe āvajjeyyāthā’’ti vatvā nāvaṃ āruhi. Nāvā uttamajavena gacchamānā aññataraṃ dīpakaṃ pāpuṇi. Manussā pātarāsaṃ karissāmāti dīpake otiṇṇā. Tasmiṃ dīpe aññaṃ kiñci natthi, candanavanameva ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atheko vāsiyā rukkhaṃ ākoṭetvā lohitacandanabhāvaṃ ñatvā āha – ‘‘bho mayaṃ lābhatthāya <a name="V4.0248"></a> parasamuddaṃ gacchāma, ito ca uttari lābho nāma natthi, caturaṅgulamattā ghaṭikā satasahassaṃ agghati, hāretabbakayuttaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ hāretvā candanassa pūremā’’ti. Te tathā kariṃsu. Candanavane adhivatthā amanussā kujjhitvā – ‘‘imehi amhākaṃ candanavanaṃ nāsitaṃ, ghātessāma ne’’ti cintetvā – ‘‘idheva ghātitesu sabbaṃ vanaṃ ekaṃ kuṇapaṃ bhavissati, samuddamajjhe nesaṃ nāvaṃ osīdessāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. Atha tesaṃ nāvaṃ āruyha muhuttaṃ gatakāleyeva uppādikaṃ uṭṭhapetvā sayampi te amanussā bhayānakāni rūpāni dassayiṃsu. Bhītā manussā attano attano devatā namassanti. Therassa kaniṭṭho cūḷapuṇṇakuṭumbiko – ‘‘mayhaṃ bhātā avassayo hotū’’ti therassa namassamāno aṭṭhāsi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Theropi kira tasmiṃyeva khaṇe āvajjitvā tesaṃ byasanuppattiṃ <a name="P5.0089"></a> ñatvā vehāsaṃ uppatitvā sammukhe aṭṭhāsi. Amanussā theraṃ disvā ‘‘ayyo puṇṇatthero etī’’ti pakkamiṃsu, uppādikaṃ sannisīdi. Thero mā bhāyathāti te <a name="M4.0237"></a> assāsetvā ‘‘kahaṃ gantukāmatthā’’ti pucchi. Bhante, amhākaṃ sakaṭṭhānameva gacchāmāti. Thero nāvaṃ phale akkamitvā ‘‘etesaṃ icchitaṭṭhānaṃ gacchatū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi. Vāṇijā sakaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā taṃ pavattiṃ puttadārassa ārocetvā ‘‘etha theraṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmā’’ti pañcasatā attano pañcamātugāmasatehi saddhiṃ tīsu saraṇesu patiṭṭhāya upāsakattaṃ paṭivedesuṃ. Tato nāvāya bhaṇḍaṃ otāretvā therassa ekaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ katvā – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, tumhākaṃ koṭṭhāso’’ti āhaṃsu. Thero – ‘‘mayhaṃ visuṃ koṭṭhāsakiccaṃ natthi, satthā pana tumhehi diṭṭhapubbo’’ti. Na diṭṭhapubbo, bhanteti. Tena hi iminā satthu maṇḍalamāḷaṃ karotha, evaṃ satthāraṃ passissathāti. Te sādhu, bhanteti tena ca koṭṭhāsena attano ca koṭṭhāsehi maṇḍalamāḷaṃ kātuṃ ārabhiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthāpi kira āraddhakālato paṭṭhāya paribhogaṃ akāsi. Ārakkhamanussā rattiṃ obhāsaṃ disvā ‘‘mahesakkhā devatā atthī’’ti saññaṃ kariṃsu. Upāsakā maṇḍalamāḷañca bhikkhusaṅghassa ca senāsanāni niṭṭhapetvā dānasambhāraṃ sajjetvā – ‘‘kataṃ, bhante, amhehi attano kiccaṃ, satthāraṃ pakkosathā’’ti therassa ārocesuṃ. Thero sāyanhasamaye iddhiyā sāvatthiṃ patvā, ‘‘bhante, vāṇijagāmavāsino tumhe daṭṭhukāmā, tesaṃ anukampaṃ karothā’’ti bhagavantaṃ yāci. Bhagavā adhivāsesi. Thero bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā sakaṭṭhānameva paccāgato.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavāpi <a name="V4.0249"></a> ānandatheraṃ āmantesi<a name="P5.0090"></a>, – ‘‘ānanda, sve sunāparante vāṇijagāme piṇḍāya carissāma, tvaṃ ekūnapañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ salākaṃ dehī’’ti. Thero sādhu, bhanteti bhikkhusaṅghassa tamatthaṃ ārocetvā nabhacārikā bhikkhū salākaṃ gaṇhantūti āha. Taṃdivasaṃ kuṇḍadhānatthero paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ aggahesi. Vāṇijagāmavāsinopi ‘‘sve kira satthā āgamissatī’’ti gāmamajjhe maṇḍapaṃ katvā dānaggaṃ sajjayiṃsu. Bhagavā pātova sarīrapaṭijagganaṃ katvā gandhakuṭiṃ pavisitvā phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdi. Sakkassa paṇḍukambalasilāsanaṃ uṇhaṃ ahosi. So kiṃ idanti āvajjetvā <a name="M4.0238"></a> satthu sunāparantagamanaṃ disvā vissakammaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tāta ajja bhagavā timattāni yojanasatāni piṇḍācāraṃ karissati, pañca kūṭāgārasatāni māpetvā jetavanadvārakoṭṭhamatthake gamanasajjāni katvā ṭhapehī’’ti. So tathā akāsi. Bhagavato kūṭāgāraṃ catumukhaṃ ahosi, dvinnaṃ aggasāvakānaṃ dvimukhāni, sesāni ekamukhāni. Satthā gandhakuṭito nikkhamma paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapitakūṭāgāresu dhurakūṭāgāraṃ pāvisi. Dve aggasāvake ādiṃ katvā ekūnapañcabhikkhusatānipi kūṭāgāraṃ gantvā nisinnā ahesuṃ. Ekaṃ tucchakūṭāgāraṃ ahosi, pañcapi kūṭāgārasatāni ākāse uppatiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthā <a name="P5.0091"></a> saccabandhapabbataṃ nāma patvā kūṭāgāraṃ ākāse ṭhapesi. Tasmiṃ pabbate saccabandho nāma micchādiṭṭhikatāpaso mahājanaṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ uggaṇhāpento lābhaggayasaggappatto hutvā vasati. Abbhantare cassa antocāṭiyaṃ padīpo viya arahattassa upanissayo jalati. Taṃ disvā dhammamassa kathessāmīti gantvā dhammaṃ desesi. Tāpaso desanāpariyosāne arahattaṃ pāpuṇi, maggenevāssa abhiññā āgatā. Ehibhikkhu hutvā iddhimayapattacīvaradharo hutvā kūṭāgāraṃ pāvisi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Bhagavā kūṭāgāragatehi pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ vāṇijagāmaṃ gantvā kūṭāgārāni adissamānāni katvā vāṇijagāmaṃ pāvisi. Vāṇijā buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā satthāraṃ makulakārāmaṃ nayiṃsu. Satthā maṇḍalamāḷaṃ pāvisi. Mahājano yāva satthā bhattadarathaṃ paṭipassambheti, tāva pātarāsaṃ katvā uposathaṅgāni samādāya bahuṃ gandhañca pupphañca ādāya <a name="V4.0250"></a> dhammassavanatthāya ārāmaṃ paccāgamāsi. Satthā dhammaṃ desesi. Mahājanassa bandhanamokkho jāto, mahantaṃ buddhakolāhalaṃ ahosi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Satthā mahājanassa saṅgahatthaṃ katipāhaṃ tattheva vasi, aruṇaṃ pana mahāgandhakuṭiyaṃyeva uṭṭhapesi. Tattha katipāhaṃ vasitvā vāṇijagāme piṇḍāya caritvā ‘‘tvaṃ idheva vasāhī’’ti puṇṇattheraṃ nivattetvā antare nammadānadī <a name="M4.0239"></a> nāma atthi, tassā tīraṃ agamāsi. Nammadānāgarājā satthu paccuggamanaṃ katvā nāgabhavanaṃ pavesetvā tiṇṇaṃ ratanānaṃ sakkāraṃ akāsi. Satthā <a name="P5.0092"></a> tassa dhammaṃ kathetvā nāgabhavanā nikkhami. So – ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhante, paricaritabbaṃ dethā’’ti yāci, bhagavā nammadānadītīre padacetiyaṃ dassesi. Taṃ vīcīsu āgatāsu pidhīyati, gatāsu vivarīyati, mahāsakkārappattaṃ ahosi. Satthā tato nikkhamma saccabandhapabbataṃ gantvā saccabandhaṃ āha – ‘‘tayā mahājano apāyamagge otārito, tvaṃ idheva vasitvā etesaṃ laddhiṃ vissajjāpetvā nibbānamagge patiṭṭhāpehī’’ti. Sopi paricaritabbaṃ yāci. Satthā ghanapiṭṭhipāsāṇe allamattikapiṇḍamhi lañchanaṃ viya padacetiyaṃ dassesi, tato jetavanameva gato. Etamatthaṃ sandhāya <span class="bld">tenevantaravassenā</span>tiādi vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Parinibbāyī</span>ti anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi. Mahājano therassa satta divasāni sarīrapūjaṃ katvā bahūni gandhakaṭṭhāni samodhānetvā sarīraṃ jhāpetvā dhātuyo ādāya cetiyaṃ akāsi. <span class="bld">Sambahulā bhikkhū</span>ti therassa āḷāhane ṭhitabhikkhū. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Puṇṇovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">4. Nandakovādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para398"></a><a name="para398_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">398</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0251"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti nandakovādasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">tena kho pana samayenā</span>ti bhagavā mahāpajāpatiyā yācito bhikkhunisaṅghaṃ uyyojetvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā – ‘‘therā bhikkhū vārena bhikkhuniyo ovadantū’’ti saṅghassa bhāraṃ akāsi. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">pariyāyenā</span>ti vārena. <span class="bld">Na icchatī</span>ti attano vāre sampatte dūraṃ gāmaṃ vā gantvā sūcikammādīni vā ārabhitvā ‘‘ayaṃ nāmassa papañco’’ti <a name="P5.0093"></a> vadāpesi. Imaṃ pana pariyāyena ovādaṃ bhagavā nandakattherasseva kāraṇā akāsi. Kasmā? Imāsañhi bhikkhunīnaṃ theraṃ disvā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ hoti <a name="M4.0240"></a> pasīdati. Tena tā tassa ovādaṃ sampaṭicchitukāmā, dhammakathaṃ sotukāmā. Tasmā bhagavā – ‘‘nandako attano vāre sampatte ovādaṃ dassati, dhammakathaṃ kathessatī’’ti vārena ovādaṃ akāsi. Thero pana attano vāraṃ na karoti, kasmāti ce? Tā kira bhikkhuniyo pubbe therassa jambudīpe rajjaṃ kārentassa orodhā ahesuṃ. Thero pubbenivāsañāṇena taṃ kāraṇaṃ ñatvā cintesi – ‘‘maṃ imassa bhikkhunisaṅghassa majjhe nisinnaṃ upamāyo ca kāraṇāni ca āharitvā dhammaṃ kathayamānaṃ disvā añño pubbenivāsañāṇalābhī bhikkhu imaṃ kāraṇaṃ oloketvā ‘āyasmā nandako yāvajjadivasā orodhe na vissajjeti, sobhatāyamāyasmā orodhaparivuto’ti vattabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti. Etamatthaṃ sampassamāno thero attano vāraṃ na karoti. Imāsañca kira bhikkhunīnaṃ therasseva desanā sappāyā bhavissatīti ñatvā <span class="bld">atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ āmantesi</span>.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Tāsaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ pubbe tassa orodhabhāvajānanatthaṃ idaṃ vatthuṃ – pubbe kira bārāṇasiyaṃ pañca dāsasatāni pañca dāsisatāni cāti jaṅghasahassaṃ ekatova kammaṃ katvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vasi. Ayaṃ nandakatthero tasmiṃ kāle jeṭṭhakadāso hoti<a name="P5.0094"></a>, gotamī jeṭṭhakadāsī. Sā jeṭṭhakadāsassa pādaparicārikā ahosi paṇḍitā byattā. Jaṅghasahassampi puññakammaṃ karontaṃ ekato karoti. Atha vassūpanāyikasamaye pañca paccekabuddhā nandamūlakapabbhārato isipatane otaritvā nagare piṇḍāya caritvā isipatanameva gantvā – ‘‘vassūpanāyikakuṭiyā atthāya hatthakammaṃ <a name="V4.0252"></a> yācissāmā’’ti cīvaraṃ pārupitvā sāyanhasamaye nagaraṃ pavisitvā seṭṭhissa gharadvāre aṭṭhaṃsu. Jeṭṭhakadāsī kuṭaṃ gahetvā udakatitthaṃ gacchantī paccekabuddhe nagaraṃ pavisante addasa. Seṭṭhi tesaṃ āgatakāraṇaṃ sutvā ‘‘amhākaṃ okāso natthi, gacchantū’’ti āha.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha te nagarā nikkhamante jeṭṭhakadāsī kuṭaṃ gahetvā pavisantī disvā kuṭaṃ otāretvā vanditvā onamitvā mukhaṃ pidhāya – ‘‘ayyā nagaraṃ paviṭṭhamattāva nikkhantā, kiṃ nu kho’’ti pucchi. Vassūpanāyikakuṭiyā hatthakammaṃ yācituṃ āgamimhāti. Laddhaṃ, bhanteti. Na laddhaṃ upāsiketi? Kiṃ panesā kuṭi issareheva kātabbā, duggatehipi sakkā kātunti. Yena kenaci sakkāti? Sādhu, bhante, mayaṃ karissāma. Sve mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathāti nimantetvā <a name="M4.0241"></a> udakaṃ netvā puna kuṭaṃ gahetvā āgamma titthamagge ṭhatvā āgatā avasesadāsiyo ‘‘ettheva hothā’’ti vatvā sabbāsaṃ āgatakāle āha – ‘‘amma kiṃ niccameva parassa dāsakammaṃ karissatha, udāhu dāsabhāvato muccituṃ icchathā’’ti? Ajjeva muccitumicchāma ayyeti. Yadi evaṃ mayā pañca paccekabuddhā hatthakammaṃ alabhantā svātanāya nimantitā, tumhākaṃ sāmikehi ekadivasaṃ hatthakammaṃ dāpethāti. Tā sādhūti sampaṭicchitvā sāyaṃ aṭavito āgatakāle sāmikānaṃ ārocesuṃ. Te sādhūti jeṭṭhakadāsassa gehadvāre sannipatiṃsu.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Atha ne jeṭṭhakadāsī sve tātā paccekabuddhānaṃ hatthakammaṃ dethāti ānisaṃsaṃ ācikkhitvā yepi <a name="P5.0095"></a> na kātukāmā, te gāḷhena ovādena tajjetvā paṭicchāpesi. Sā punadivase paccekabuddhānaṃ bhattaṃ datvā sabbesaṃ dāsaputtānaṃ saññaṃ adāsi. Te tāvadeva araññaṃ pavisitvā dabbasambhāre samodhānetvā sataṃ sataṃ hutvā ekekakuṭiṃ ekekacaṅkamanādiparivāraṃ katvā mañcapīṭhapānīyaparibhojanīyabhājanādīni ṭhapetvā paccekabuddhe temāsaṃ tattha vasanatthāya paṭiññaṃ kāretvā vārabhikkhaṃ paṭṭhapesuṃ. Yo attano vāradivase na sakkoti. Tassa jeṭṭhakadāsī sakagehato āharitvā deti. Evaṃ temāsaṃ jaggitvā jeṭṭhakadāsī ekekaṃ dāsaṃ ekekaṃ sāṭakaṃ vissajjāpesi. Pañca thūlasāṭakasatāni ahesuṃ. Tāni parivattāpetvā pañcannaṃ paccekabuddhānaṃ ticīvarāni katvā adāsi. Paccekabuddhā yathāphāsukaṃ agamaṃsu. Tampi jaṅghasahassaṃ ekato kusalaṃ katvā kāyassa bhedā devaloke nibbatti. Tāni pañca mātugāmasatāni kālena kālaṃ tesaṃ pañcannaṃ purisasatānaṃ gehe honti, kālena <a name="V4.0253"></a> kālaṃ sabbāpi jeṭṭhakadāsaputtasseva gehe honti. Atha ekasmiṃ kāle jeṭṭhakadāsaputto devalokato cavitvā rājakule nibbatto. Tāpi pañcasatā devakaññā mahābhogakulesu nibbattitvā tassa rajje ṭhitassa gehaṃ agamaṃsu. Etena niyāmena saṃsarantiyo amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle koliyanagare devadahanagare ca khattiyakulesu nibbattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Nandakattheropi pabbajitvā arahattaṃ patto, jeṭṭhakadāsidhītā vayaṃ āgamma suddhodanamahārājassa aggamahesiṭṭhāne ṭhitā, itarāpi tesaṃ tesaṃ <a name="M4.0242"></a> rājaputtānaṃyeva gharaṃ gatā. Tāsaṃ sāmikā pañcasatā rājakumārā udakacumbaṭakalahe satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā pabbajitā, rājadhītaro tesaṃ ukkaṇṭhanatthaṃ <a name="P5.0096"></a> sāsanaṃ pesesuṃ. Te ukkaṇṭhite bhagavā kuṇāladahaṃ netvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhapetvā mahāsamayadivase arahatte patiṭṭhāpesi. Tāpi pañcasatā rājadhītaro nikkhamitvā mahāpajāpatiyā santike pabbajiṃsu. Ayamāyasmā nandako ettāva tā bhikkhuniyoti evametaṃ vatthu dīpetabbaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Rājakārāmo</span>ti pasenadinā kārito nagarassa dakkhiṇadisābhāge thūpārāmasadise ṭhāne vihāro.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para399"></a><a name="para399_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">399</span>. <span class="bld">Sammappaññāya sudiṭṭha</span>nti hetunā kāraṇena vipassanāpaññāya yāthāvasarasato diṭṭhaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para401"></a><a name="para401_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">401</span>. <span class="bld">Tajjaṃ tajja</span>nti taṃsabhāvaṃ taṃsabhāvaṃ, atthato pana taṃ taṃ paccayaṃ paṭicca tā tā vedanā uppajjantīti vuttaṃ hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para402"></a><a name="para402_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">402</span>. <span class="bld">Pagevassa chāyā</span>ti mūlādīni nissāya nibbattā chāyā paṭhamataraṃyeva aniccā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para413"></a><a name="para413_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">413</span>. <span class="bld">Anupahaccā</span>ti anupahanitvā. Tattha maṃsaṃ piṇḍaṃ piṇḍaṃ katvā cammaṃ alliyāpento maṃsakāyaṃ upahanati nāma. Cammaṃ baddhaṃ baddhaṃ katvā maṃse alliyāpento maṃsakāyaṃ <a name="V4.0254"></a> upahanati nāma. Evaṃ akatvā. <span class="bld">Vilimaṃsaṃ nhārubandhana</span>nti sabbacamme laggavilīpanamaṃsameva. <span class="bld">Antarākilesasaṃyojanabandhana</span>nti sabbaṃ antarakilesameva sandhāya vuttaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para414"></a><a name="para414_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">414</span>. <span class="bld">Satta kho panime</span>ti kasmā āhāti? Yā hi esā paññā kilese chindatīti vuttā, sā na ekikāva attano dhammatāya chindituṃ sakkoti. Yathā pana kuṭhārī na <a name="P5.0097"></a> attano dhammatāya chejjaṃ chindati, purisassa tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicceva chindati, evaṃ na vinā chahi bojjhaṅgehi paññā kilese chindituṃ sakkoti. Tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Tena hī</span>ti yena kāraṇena tayā cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, cha bāhirāni<a name="M4.0243"></a>, cha viññāṇakāye, dīpopamaṃ, rukkhopamaṃ, gāvūpamañca dassetvā sattahi bojjhaṅgehi āsavakkhayena desanā niṭṭhapitā, tena kāraṇena tvaṃ svepi tā bhikkhuniyo teneva ovādena ovadeyyāsīti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para415"></a><a name="para415_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">415</span>. <span class="bld">Sā sotāpannā</span>ti yā sā guṇehi sabbapacchimikā, sā sotāpannā. Sesā pana sakadāgāmianāgāminiyo ca khīṇāsavā ca. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ paripuṇṇasaṅkappāti. Ajjhāsayapāripūriyā. Yassā hi bhikkhuniyā evamahosi – ‘‘kadā nu kho ahaṃ ayyassa nandakassa dhammadesanaṃ suṇantī tasmiṃyeva āsane sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikareyya’’nti, sā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchākāsi. Yassā ahosi ‘‘sakadāgāmiphalaṃ anāgāmiphalaṃ arahatta’’nti, sā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘attamanā ceva paripuṇṇasaṅkappā cā’’ti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Nandakovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">5. Rāhulovādasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para416"></a><a name="para416_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">416</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0255"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti rāhulovādasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">vimuttiparipācanīyā</span>ti vimuttiṃ paripācentīti vimuttiparipācanīyā. <span class="bld">Dhammā</span>ti <a name="P5.0098"></a> pannarasa dhammā. Te saddhindriyādīnaṃ visuddhikāraṇavasena veditabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Assaddhe puggale parivajjayato, saddhe puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato pasādanīye suttante paccavekkhato imehi tīhākārehi saddhindriyaṃ visujjhati. Kusīte puggale parivajjayato āraddhavīriye puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato sammappadhāne paccavekkhato imehi tīhākārehi vīriyindriyaṃ visujjhati. Muṭṭhassatī puggale parivajjayato upaṭṭhitassatī puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato satipaṭṭhāne paccavekkhato imehi tīhākārehi satindriyaṃ visujjhati<a name="M4.0244"></a>. Asamāhite puggale parivajjayato samāhite puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato jhānavimokkhe paccavekkhato imehi tīhākārehi samādhindriyaṃ visujjhati. Duppaññe puggale parivajjayato paññavante puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato gambhīrañāṇacariyaṃ paccavekkhato imehi tīhākārehi paññindriyaṃ visujjhati. Iti ime pañca puggale parivajjayato pañca puggale sevato bhajato payirupāsato pañca suttantakkhandhe paccavekkhato imehi pannarasahi ākārehi imāni pañcindriyāni visujjhantī’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.185).</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparepi pannarasa dhammā vimuttiparipācanīyā – saddhādīni pañcimāni indriyāni, aniccasaññā, anicce dukkhasaññā, dukkhe anattasaññā, pahānasaññā, virāgasaññāti, imā pañca nibbedhabhāgiyā saññā, meghiyattherassa kathitā kalyāṇamittatādayo pañcadhammāti. Kāya pana velāya bhagavato etadahosīti. Paccūsasamaye lokaṃ volokentassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para419"></a><a name="para419_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">419</span>. <span class="bld">Anekānaṃ devatāsahassāna</span>nti āyasmatā rāhulena padumuttarassa bhagavato pādamūle pālitanāgarājakāle patthanaṃ <a name="P5.0099"></a> paṭṭhapentena saddhiṃ patthanaṃ paṭṭhapitadevatāyeva. Tāsu pana kāci bhūmaṭṭhakā <a name="V4.0256"></a> devatā, kāci antalikkhakā, kāci cātumahārājikā, kāci devaloke, kāci brahmaloke nibbattā. Imasmiṃ pana divase sabbā ekaṭṭhāne andhavanasmiṃyeva sannipatitā. <span class="bld">Dhammacakkhu</span>nti upāliovāda- (ma. ni. 2.69) dīghanakhasuttesu (ma. ni. 2.206) paṭhamamaggo dhammacakkhunti vutto, brahmāyusutte (ma. ni. 2.395) tīṇi phalāni, imasmiṃ sutte cattāro maggā, cattāri ca phalāni dhammacakkhunti veditabbāni. Tattha hi kāci devatā sotāpannā ahesuṃ, kāci sakadāgāmī, anāgāmī, khīṇāsavā. Tāsañca pana devatānaṃ ettakāti gaṇanavasena paricchedo natthi. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Rāhulovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">6. Chachakkasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para420"></a><a name="para420_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">420</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0257"></a><a name="M4.0245"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti chachakkasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">ādikalyāṇa</span>ntiādimhi kalyāṇaṃ bhaddakaṃ niddosaṃ katvā desessāmi. Majjhapariyosānesupi eseva nayo. Iti bhagavā ariyavaṃsaṃ navahi, mahāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ sattahi, mahāassapuraṃ sattahiyeva padehi thomesi. Idaṃ pana suttaṃ navahi padehi thomesi.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Veditabbānī</span>ti <a name="P5.0100"></a> sahavipassanena maggena jānitabbāni. Manāyatanena tebhūmakacittameva kathitaṃ, dhammāyatanena bahiddhā tebhūmakadhammā ca, manoviññāṇena ṭhapetvā dve pañcaviññāṇāni sesaṃ bāvīsatividhaṃ lokiyavipākacittaṃ. Phassavedanā yathāvuttavipākaviññāṇasampayuttāva. <span class="bld">Taṇhā</span>ti vipākavedanāpaccayā javanakkhaṇe uppannataṇhā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para422"></a><a name="para422_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">422</span>. <span class="bld">Cakkhu attā</span>ti pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Heṭṭhā kathitānañhi dvinnaṃ saccānaṃ anattabhāvadassanatthaṃ ayaṃ desanā āraddhā. Tattha <span class="bld">na upapajjatī</span>ti na yujjati. <span class="bld">Vetī</span>ti vigacchati nirujjhati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para424"></a><a name="para424_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">424</span>. <span class="bld">Ayaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave</span>ti ayampi pāṭiyekko anusandhi. Ayañhi desanā tiṇṇaṃ gāhānaṃ vasena vaṭṭaṃ dassetuṃ āraddhā. Dukkhaṃ samudayoti dvinnaṃ saccānaṃ vasena vaṭṭaṃ dassetuntipi vadantiyeva. <span class="bld">Etaṃ mamā</span>tiādīsu taṇhāmānadiṭṭhigāhāva veditabbā. <span class="bld">Samanupassatī</span>ti gāhattayavasena passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Evaṃ vaṭṭaṃ dassetvā idāni tiṇṇaṃ gāhānaṃ paṭipakkhavasena, nirodho maggoti imesaṃ vā dvinnaṃ saccānaṃ vasena vivaṭṭaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">ayaṃ kho panā</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Netaṃ mamā</span>tiādīni taṇhādīnaṃ paṭisedhavacanāni. <span class="bld">Samanupassatī</span>ti aniccaṃ dukkhamanattāti passati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para425"></a><a name="para425_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">425</span>. Evaṃ <a name="V4.0258"></a> vivaṭṭaṃ dassetvā idāni tiṇṇaṃ anusayānaṃ vasena puna vaṭṭaṃ dassetuṃ <span class="bld">cakkhuñca, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. Tattha <span class="bld">abhinandatī</span>tiādīni taṇhādiṭṭhivaseneva vuttāni. <span class="bld">Anusetī</span>ti appahīno hoti. <span class="bld">Dukkhassā</span>ti <a name="P5.0101"></a> vaṭṭadukkhakilesadukkhassa.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para426"></a><a name="para426_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">426</span>. Evaṃ <a name="M4.0246"></a> tiṇṇaṃ anusayānaṃ vasena vaṭṭaṃ kathetvā idāni tesaṃ paṭikkhepavasena vivaṭṭaṃ dassento puna cakkhuñcātiādimāha. <span class="bld">Avijjaṃ pahāyā</span>ti vaṭṭamūlikaṃ avijjaṃ pajahitvā. <span class="bld">Vijja</span>nti arahattamaggavijjaṃ uppādetvā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para427"></a><a name="para427_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">427</span>. <span class="bld">Ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī</span>ti ettakeneva kathāmaggena vaṭṭavivaṭṭavasena desanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā puna tadeva sampiṇḍetvā dassento <span class="bld">evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave</span>tiādimāha. <span class="bld">Saṭṭhimattānaṃ bhikkhūna</span>nti ettha anacchariyametaṃ, yaṃ sayameva tathāgate desente saṭṭhi bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā. Imañhi suttaṃ dhammasenāpatimhi kathentepi saṭṭhi bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā, mahāmoggallāne kathentepi, asītimahātheresu kathentesupi pattā eva. Etampi anacchariyaṃ. Mahābhiññappattā hi te sāvakā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Aparabhāge pana tambapaṇṇidīpe māleyyadevatthero nāma heṭṭhā lohapāsāde idaṃ suttaṃ kathesi. Tadāpi saṭṭhi bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā. Yathā ca lohapāsāde, evaṃ thero mahāmaṇḍapepi idaṃ suttaṃ kathesi. Mahāvihārā nikkhamitvā cetiyapabbataṃ gato, tatthāpi kathesi. Tato sākiyavaṃsavihāre, kūṭālivihāre, antarasobbhe, muttaṅgaṇe, vātakapabbate, pācinagharake, dīghavāpiyaṃ, lokandare, nomaṇḍalatale kathesi. Tesupi ṭhānesu saṭṭhi saṭṭhi <a name="P5.0102"></a> bhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā. Tato nikkhamitvā pana thero cittalapabbataṃ gato. Tadā ca cittalapabbatavihāre atirekasaṭṭhivasso mahāthero, pokkharaṇiyaṃ kuruvakatitthaṃ nāma paṭicchannaṭṭhānaṃ atthi, tattha thero nhāyissāmīti otiṇṇo. Devatthero tassa santikaṃ gantvā nhāpemi, bhanteti āha. Thero paṭisanthāreneva – ‘‘māleyyadevo nāma atthīti vadanti, so ayaṃ bhavissatī’’ti ñatvā tvaṃ devoti āha. Āma, bhanteti. Saṭṭhivassaddhānaṃ me, āvuso, koci sarīraṃ hatthena phusituṃ nāma na labhi, tvaṃ pana nhāpehīti uttaritvā tīre nisīdi.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Thero <a name="V4.0259"></a> sabbampi hatthapādādiparikammaṃ katvā mahātheraṃ nhāpesi. Taṃ divasañca dhammassavanadivaso hoti. Atha mahāthero – ‘‘deva amhākaṃ dhammadānaṃ dātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti āha. Thero sādhu, bhanteti sampaṭicchi. Atthaṅgate sūriye <a name="M4.0247"></a> dhammassavanaṃ ghosesuṃ. Atikkantasaṭṭhivassāva saṭṭhi mahātherā dhammassavanatthaṃ agamaṃsu. Devatthero sarabhāṇāvasāne imaṃ suttaṃ ārabhi, suttantapariyosāne ca saṭṭhi mahātherā arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu. Tato tissamahāvihāraṃ gantvā kathesi, tasmimpi saṭṭhi therā. Tato nāgamahāvihāre kāḷakacchagāme kathesi, tasmimpi saṭṭhi therā. Tato kalyāṇiṃ gantvā tattha cātuddase heṭṭhāpāsāde kathesi, tasmimpi saṭṭhi therā. Uposathadivase uparipāsāde kathesi, tasmimpi saṭṭhi therāti evaṃ devatthereyeva idaṃ suttaṃ kathente saṭṭhiṭṭhānesu saṭṭhi saṭṭhi janā arahattaṃ pattā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ambilakāḷakavihāre pana tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthere <a name="P5.0103"></a> imaṃ suttaṃ kathente manussaparisā gāvutaṃ ahosi, devaparisā yojanikā. Suttapariyosāne sahassabhikkhū arahattaṃ pattā, devesu pana tato tato ekekova puthujjano ahosīti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Chachakkasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">7. Mahāsaḷāyatanikasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para428"></a><a name="para428_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">428</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0260"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti mahāsaḷāyatanikasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">mahāsaḷāyatanika</span>nti mahantānaṃ channaṃ āyatanānaṃ jotakaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para429"></a><a name="para429_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">429</span>. <span class="bld">Ajāna</span>nti sahavipassanena maggena ajānanto. <span class="bld">Upacayaṃ gacchantī</span>ti vuḍḍhiṃ gacchanti, vasibhāvaṃ gacchantīti attho. <span class="bld">Kāyikā</span>ti pañcadvārikadarathā. <span class="bld">Cetasikā</span>ti manodvārikadarathā. <span class="bld">Santāpādī</span>supi eseva nayo.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para430"></a><a name="para430_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">430</span>. <span class="bld">Kāyasukha</span>nti pañcadvārikasukhaṃ. <span class="bld">Cetosukha</span>nti manodvārikasukhaṃ. Ettha ca pañcadvārikajavanena samāpajjanaṃ vā vuṭṭhānaṃ vā natthi, uppannamattakameva hoti. Manodvārikena sabbaṃ hoti. Ayañca maggavuṭṭhānassa paccayabhūtā balavavipassanā, sāpi manodvārikeneva hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para431"></a><a name="para431_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">431</span>. <span class="bld">Tathābhūtassā</span>ti <a name="M4.0248"></a> kusalacittasampayuttacetosukhasamaṅgībhūtassa. <span class="bld">Pubbeva kho panassā</span>ti assa bhikkhuno vācākammantājīvā pubbasuddhikā nāma ādito paṭṭhāya parisuddhāva <a name="P5.0104"></a> honti. Diṭṭhisaṅkappavāyāmasatisamādhisaṅkhātāni pana pañcaṅgāni sabbatthakakārāpakaṅgāni nāma. Evaṃ lokuttaramaggo aṭṭhaṅgiko vā sattaṅgiko vā hoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Vitaṇḍavādī pana ‘‘yā yathābhūtassa diṭṭhī’’ti imameva suttapadesaṃ gahetvā ‘‘lokuttaramaggo pañcaṅgiko’’ti vadati. So – ‘‘evamassāyaṃ ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchatī’’ti iminā anantaravacaneneva paṭisedhitabbo. Uttari ca evaṃ saññāpetabbo – lokuttaramaggo pañcaṅgiko nāma natthi, imāni pana pañca sabbatthakakārāpakaṅgāni maggakkhaṇe virativasena pūrenti. ‘‘Yā catūhi vacīduccaritehi ārati viratī’’ti evaṃ vuttaviratīsu hi micchāvācaṃ pajahati, sammāvācaṃ bhāveti, evaṃ sammāvācaṃ <a name="V4.0261"></a> bhāventassa imāni pañcaṅgikāni na vinā, saheva viratiyā pūrenti. Sammākammantājīvesupi eseva nayo. Iti vacīkammādīni ādito paṭṭhāya parisuddhāneva vaṭṭanti. Imāni pana pañca sabbatthakakārāpakaṅgāni virativasena paripūrentīti pañcaṅgiko maggo nāma natthi. Subhaddasuttepi (dī. ni. 2.214) cetaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘yasmiṃ kho, subhadda, dhammavinaye ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo’’ti. Aññesu ca anekesu suttasatesu aṭṭhaṅgikova maggo āgatoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para433"></a><a name="para433_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">433</span>. <span class="bld">Cattāropi satipaṭṭhānā</span>ti maggasampayuttāva cattāro satipaṭṭhānā. Sammappadhānādīsupi eseva nayo. <span class="bld">Yuganandhā</span>ti ekakkhaṇikayuganandhā. Etehi aññasmiṃ khaṇe samāpatti, aññasmiṃ vipassanāti. Evaṃ nānākhaṇikāpi honti, ariyamagge pana ekakkhaṇikā.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vijjā ca vimutti cā</span>ti arahattamaggavijjā ca phalavimutti ca. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Mahāsaḷāyatanikasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">8. Nagaravindeyyasuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para435"></a><a name="para435_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">435</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0262"></a><a name="P5.0105"></a><a name="M4.0249"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti nagaravindeyyasuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">samavisamaṃ carantī</span>ti kālena samaṃ caranti, kālena visamaṃ. <span class="bld">Samacariyampi heta</span>nti samacariyampi hi etaṃ.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para437"></a><a name="para437_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">437</span>. <span class="bld">Ke ākārā</span>ti kāni kāraṇāni? <span class="bld">Ke anvayā</span>ti kā anubuddhiyo? <span class="bld">Natthi kho pana tatthā</span>ti kasmā āha, nanu araññe haritatiṇacampakavanādivasena atimanuññā rūpādayo pañca kāmaguṇā atthīti? No natthi. Na panetaṃ vanasaṇḍena kathitaṃ, itthirūpādīni pana sandhāyetaṃ kathitaṃ. Tāni hi purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Yathāha – ‘‘nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekarūpampi samanupassāmi, yaṃ evaṃ purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, itthirūpaṃ. Itthirūpaṃ, bhikkhave, purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhatī’’ti (a. ni. 1.1) vitthāretabbaṃ. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Nagaravindeyyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">9. Piṇḍapātapārisuddhisuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para438"></a><a name="para438_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">438</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0263"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti piṇḍapātapārisuddhisuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">paṭisallānā</span>ti phalasamāpattito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Vippasannānī</span>ti okāsavasenetaṃ vuttaṃ. Phalasamāpattito hi vuṭṭhitassa pañcahi pasādehi patiṭṭhitokāso vippasanno hoti, chavivaṇṇo parisuddho. Tasmā evamāha. <span class="bld">Suññatavihārenā</span>ti suññataphalasamāpattivihārena. <span class="bld">Mahāpurisavihāro</span>ti <a name="P5.0106"></a> buddhapaccekabuddhatathāgatamahāsāvakānaṃ mahāpurisānaṃ vihāro. <span class="bld">Yena cāhaṃ maggenā</span>tiādīsu vihārato paṭṭhāya yāva gāmassa indakhīlā esa paviṭṭhamaggo nāma, antogāmaṃ pavisitvā gehapaṭipāṭiyā caritvā yāva nagaradvārena nikkhamanā esa caritabbapadeso nāma, bahi indakhīlato paṭṭhāya yāva vihārā esa paṭikkantamaggo nāma. <span class="bld">Paṭighaṃ vāpi cetaso</span>ti citte paṭihaññanakilesajātaṃ <a name="M4.0250"></a> kiñci atthi natthīti. <span class="bld">Ahorattānusikkhinā</span>ti divasañca rattiñca anusikkhantena.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para440"></a><a name="para440_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">440</span>. <span class="bld">Pahīnā nu kho me pañca kāmaguṇā</span>tiādīsu ekabhikkhussa paccavekkhaṇā nānā, nānābhikkhūnaṃ paccavekkhaṇā nānāti. Kathaṃ? Eko hi bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto pattacīvaraṃ paṭisāmetvā vivittokāse nisinno paccavekkhati ‘‘pahīnā nu kho me pañcakāmaguṇā’’ti. So ‘‘appahīnā’’ti ñatvā vīriyaṃ paggayha anāgāmimaggena pañcakāmaguṇikarāgaṃ samugghāṭetvā maggānantaraṃ phalaṃ phalānantaraṃ maggaṃ tato vuṭṭhāya paccavekkhanto ‘‘pahīnā’’ti pajānāti. Nīvaraṇādīsupi eseva nayo. Etesaṃ pana arahattamaggena pahānādīni honti, evaṃ ekabhikkhussa nānāpaccavekkhaṇā hoti. Etāsu pana paccavekkhaṇāsu añño bhikkhu ekaṃ paccavekkhaṇaṃ paccavekkhati, añño ekanti evaṃ nānābhikkhūnaṃ nānāpaccavekkhaṇā hoti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Piṇḍapātapārisuddhisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="subhead">10. Indriyabhāvanāsuttavaṇṇanā</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para453"></a><a name="para453_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">453</span>. <span class="bld">Evaṃ</span> <a name="V4.0264"></a> <span class="bld">me suta</span>nti indriyabhāvanāsuttaṃ. Tattha <span class="bld">gajaṅgalāya</span>nti evaṃnāmake nigame. <span class="bld">Suveḷuvane</span>ti <a name="P5.0107"></a> suveḷu nāma ekā rukkhajāti, tehi sañchanno mahāvanasaṇḍo, tattha viharati. <span class="bld">Cakkhunā rūpaṃ na passati, sotena saddaṃ na suṇātī</span>ti cakkhunā rūpaṃ na passitabbaṃ, sotena saddo na sotabboti evaṃ desetīti adhippāyena vadati.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><span class="bld">Aññathā ariyassa vinaye</span>ti iminā bhagavā attano sāsane asadisāya indriyabhāvanāya kathanatthaṃ ālayaṃ akāsi. Athāyasmā ānando – ‘‘satthā ālayaṃ dasseti, handāhaṃ imissaṃ parisati bhikkhusaṅghassa indriyabhāvanākathaṃ kāremī’’ti satthāraṃ yācanto <span class="bld">etassa</span> <a name="M4.0251"></a> <span class="bld">bhagavā</span>tiādimāha. Athassa bhagavā indriyabhāvanaṃ kathento <span class="bld">tena hānandā</span>tiādimāha.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para454"></a><a name="para454_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">454</span>. Tatha <span class="bld">yadidaṃ upekkhā</span>ti yā esā vipassanupekkhā nāma, esā santā esā paṇītā, atappikāti attho. Iti ayaṃ bhikkhu cakkhudvāre rūpārammaṇampi iṭṭhe ārammaṇe manāpaṃ, aniṭṭhe amanāpaṃ, majjhatte manāpāmanāpañca cittaṃ, tassa rajjituṃ vā dussituṃ vā muyhituṃ vā adatvāva pariggahetvā vipassanaṃ majjhatte ṭhapeti. <span class="bld">Cakkhumā</span>ti sampannacakkhuvisuddhanetto. Cakkhābādhikassa hi uddhaṃ ummīlananimmīlanaṃ na hoti, tasmā so na gahito.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para456"></a><a name="para456_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">456</span>. <span class="bld">Īsakaṃpoṇe</span>ti rathīsā viya uṭṭhahitvā ṭhite.</p>
<p class="bodytext"><a name="para461"></a><a name="para461_mn3"></a><span class="paranum">461</span>. <span class="bld">Paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī</span>tiādīsu paṭikūle mettāpharaṇena vā dhātuso upasaṃhārena vā appaṭikūlasaññī viharati. Appaṭikūle asubhapharaṇena vā aniccato upasaṃhārena vā paṭikūlasaññī viharati. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvāti <a name="V4.0265"></a> majjhatto hutvā viharitukāmo <a name="P5.0108"></a> kiṃ karotīti? Iṭṭhāniṭṭhesu āpāthagatesu neva somanassiko na domanassiko hoti. Vuttañhetaṃ –</p>
<p class="indent">‘‘Kathaṃ paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī viharati? Aniṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ mettāya vā pharati, dhātuto vā upasaṃharati, evaṃ paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī viharati. Kathaṃ appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī viharati? Iṭṭhasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ asubhāya vā pharati, aniccato vā upasaṃharati, evaṃ appaṭikūle paṭikūlasaññī viharati. Kathaṃ paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca appaṭikūlasaññī viharati? Aniṭṭhasmiñca iṭṭhasmiñca vatthusmiṃ mettāya vā pharati, dhātuto vā upasaṃharati. Evaṃ paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca appaṭikūlasaññī viharati. Kathaṃ appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca paṭikūlasaññī viharati? Iṭṭhasmiñca aniṭṭhasmiñca vatthusmiṃ asubhāya vā pharati, aniccato vā upasaṃharati, evaṃ appaṭikūle ca paṭikūle ca paṭikūlasaññī viharati<a name="M4.0252"></a>. Kathaṃ paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno? Idha bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ paṭikūle ca appaṭikūle ca tadubhayaṃ abhinivajjetvā upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno’’ti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Imesu ca tīsu nayesu paṭhamanaye manāpaṃ amanāpaṃ manāpāmanāpanti saṃkilesaṃ vaṭṭati, nikkilesaṃ vaṭṭati. Dutiyanaye saṃkilesaṃ, tatiyanaye saṃkilesanikkilesaṃ vaṭṭati. Puna vuttaṃ – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ saṃkilesaṃ vaṭṭati, dutiyaṃ saṃkilesampi nikkilesampi, tatiyaṃ nikkilesameva vaṭṭatī’’ti. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdaniyā majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathāya</p>
<p class="centered">Indriyabhāvanāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Pañcamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="centered">Uparipaṇṇāsaṭṭhakathā niṭṭhitā.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Yo <a name="V4.0266"></a><a name="P5.0109"></a> cāyaṃ ‘‘sabbadhammamūlapariyāyaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desissāmī’’ti āraddhattā <span class="bld">ādikalyāṇo,</span> majjhe ‘‘suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ gāthā udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ abbhutadhammaṃ vedalla’’nti vacanato <span class="bld">majjhekalyāṇo,</span> sanniṭṭhāne ‘‘ariyo bhāvitindriyo’’ti vacanato <span class="bld">pariyosānakalyāṇo</span>ti tividhakalyāṇo majjhimanikāyo ‘‘mahāvipassanā nāmāya’’nti vutto, so vaṇṇanāvasena samatto hoti.</p>
<p class="subhead">Nigamanakathā</p>
<p class="bodytext">Ettāvatā <a name="M4.0253"></a> ca –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Āyācito sumatinā therena <span class="bld">bhadantabuddhamittena,</span></p>
<p class="gathalast">Pubbe mayūradūtapaṭṭanamhi saddhiṃ nivasantena.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Paravādavidhaṃsanassa <span class="bld">majjhimanikāyaseṭṭhassa,</span></p>
<p class="gathalast">Yamahaṃ <span class="bld">papañcasūdanimaṭṭhakathaṃ</span> kātumārabhiṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Sā hi mahāaṭṭhakathāya sāramādāya niṭṭhitā esā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Sattuttarasatamattāya pāḷiyā bhāṇavārehi.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Ekūnasaṭṭhimatto visuddhimaggopi bhāṇavārehi,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Atthappakāsanatthāya āgamānaṃ kato yasmā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tasmā tena sahā’yaṃ gāthāgaṇanānayena aṭṭhakathā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samadhikachasaṭṭhisatamiti viññeyyā bhāṇavārānaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Samadhikachasaṭṭhisatapamāṇamiti bhāṇavārato esā,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Samayaṃ pakāsayantī mahāvihārādhivāsīnaṃ.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Mūlaṭṭhakathāsāraṃ <a name="V4.0267"></a><a name="P5.0110"></a> ādāya mayā imaṃ karontena,</p>
<p class="gathalast">Yaṃ paññamupacitaṃ tena hotu loko sadā sukhitoti.</p>
<p class="bodytext">Paramavisuddhasaddhābuddhivīriyappaṭimaṇḍitena sīlācārajjavamaddavādiguṇasamudayasamuditena sakasamayasamayantaragahanajjhogāhanasamatthena paññāveyyattiyasamannāgatena tipiṭakapariyattippabhede sāṭṭhakathe satthu sāsane appaṭihatañāṇappabhāvena mahāveyyākaraṇena karaṇasampattijanitasukhaviniggatamadhurodāravacanalāvaṇṇayuttena yuttamuttavādinā vādīvarena mahākavinā pabhinnapaṭisambhidāparivāre chaḷabhiññādippabhedaguṇappaṭimaṇḍite uttarimanussadhamme suppatiṭṭhitabuddhīnaṃ theravaṃsappadīpānaṃ therānaṃ mahāvihāravāsīnaṃ vaṃsālaṅkārabhūtena vipulavisuddhabuddhinā <span class="bld">buddhaghoso</span>ti garūhi gahitanāmadheyyena therena katā ayaṃ <span class="bld">papañcasūdanī</span> nāma majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathā –</p>
<p class="gatha1">Tāva <a name="M4.0254"></a> tiṭṭhatu lokasmiṃ, lokanittharaṇesinaṃ;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Dassentī kulaputtānaṃ, nayaṃ diṭṭhivisuddhiyā.</p>
<p class="gatha1">Buddhoti nāmampi, suddhacittassa tādino;</p>
<p class="gathalast">Lokamhi lokajeṭṭhassa, pavattati mahesinoti.</p>
<p class="centered">Papañcasūdanī nāma</p>
<p class="centered">Majjhimanikāyaṭṭhakathā sabbākārena niṭṭhitā.</p>
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